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Tang S, An X, Sun W, Zhang Y, Yang C, Kang X, Sun Y, Jiang L, Zhao X, Gao Q, Ji H, Lian F. Parallelism and non-parallelism in diabetic nephropathy and diabetic retinopathy. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2024; 15:1336123. [PMID: 38419958 PMCID: PMC10899692 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2024.1336123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Diabetic nephropathy (DN) and diabetic retinopathy (DR), as microvascular complications of diabetes mellitus, are currently the leading causes of end-stage renal disease (ESRD) and blindness, respectively, in the adult working population, and they are major public health problems with social and economic burdens. The parallelism between the two in the process of occurrence and development manifests in the high overlap of disease-causing risk factors and pathogenesis, high rates of comorbidity, mutually predictive effects, and partial concordance in the clinical use of medications. However, since the two organs, the eye and the kidney, have their unique internal environment and physiological processes, each with specific influencing molecules, and the target organs have non-parallelism due to different pathological changes and responses to various influencing factors, this article provides an overview of the parallelism and non-parallelism between DN and DR to further recognize the commonalities and differences between the two diseases and provide references for early diagnosis, clinical guidance on the use of medication, and the development of new drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanshan Tang
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changchun University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Xuedong An
- Guang’an Men Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Wenjie Sun
- Guang’an Men Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yuehong Zhang
- Fangshan Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Cunqing Yang
- Guang’an Men Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaomin Kang
- Guang’an Men Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yuting Sun
- Guang’an Men Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Linlin Jiang
- Guang’an Men Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xuefei Zhao
- Guang’an Men Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Qing Gao
- Guang’an Men Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Hangyu Ji
- Guang’an Men Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Fengmei Lian
- Guang’an Men Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
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Liu X, Ren J, Zhou R, Wen Z, Wen Z, Chen Z, He S, Zhang H. Construction of iron metabolism-related prognostic features of gastric cancer based on RNA sequencing and TCGA database. BMC Cancer 2023; 23:1106. [PMID: 37957566 PMCID: PMC10644585 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-023-11569-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Researches have manifested that the disorder of iron metabolism is participated in Gastric cancer (GC), but whether iron metabolism-relevant genes (IMRGs) is related to the survival outcome of GC remain unknown. METHODS Eleven tumor as well as nine adjacent normal tissues from GC patients were underwent mRNA sequencing, and the The Cancer Genome Atlas Stomach Cancer (TCGA-STAD) datasets were acquired from the TCGA database. Cox analyses and least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression were applied to build a IMRGs signature. The relationship between signature genes and the infiltration profiling of 24 immune cells were investigated using single-sample GSEA (ssGSEA). Meanwhile, the potential biological significance, genes that act synergistically with signature genes, and the upstream regulatory targets were predicted. Finally, the abundance of the signature genes were measured via the quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR). RESULTS A IMRGs signature was constructed according to the expression and corresponding coefficient of DOHH, P4HA3 and MMP1 (The Schoenfeld individual test showed risk score was not significant with P values = 0.83). The prognostic outcome of patients in the high-risk group was terrible (p < 0.05). Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves confirmed that the IMRGs signature presented good efficiency for predicting GC prognosis (AUC > 0.6). The nomogram was performed well for clinical utilize (C-index = 0.60), and the MMP1 expression significantly increased in the cohorts at age > 60 and Stage II-IV (p < 0.05). The positive correlation of P4HA3 and MMP1 expression as well as the negative correlation of DOHH expression with risk score (p < 0.0001) and worse prognosis (p < 0.05) were detected as well. Furthermore, 11 differential immune cells were associated with these signature genes (most p < 0.01). Finally, qRT-PCR revealed that the abundance of DOHH, P4HA3 and MMP1 were high in tumor cases, indicating the complex mechanism between the high expression of DOHH as a protective factor and the high expression of P4HA3 and MMP1 as the risk factors in the development of GC. CONCLUSION An iron metabolism-related signature was constructed and has significant values for foretelling the OS of GC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xihong Liu
- Department of Oncology First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Junyu Ren
- Department of Oncology First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Ruize Zhou
- Department of Oncology First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Zhengqi Wen
- Department of Oncology First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Zhengwei Wen
- Department of Oncology First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Zihao Chen
- Department of Oncology First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Shanshan He
- Department of Oncology First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Hongbin Zhang
- Department of Pediatric Surgery First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, 650032, P. R. China.
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Mohamed MK, Atef AA, Moemen LA, Abdel Azeem AA, Mohalhal IA, Taha AM. Association study of HIF-1α rs11549465 and VEGF rs3025039 genetic variants with diabetic retinopathy in Egyptian patients: crosslinks with angiogenic, inflammatory, and anti-inflammatory markers. J Genet Eng Biotechnol 2022; 20:122. [PMID: 35969320 PMCID: PMC9378806 DOI: 10.1186/s43141-022-00401-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2022] [Accepted: 07/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Background Genetic factors are implicated in the progression of DR—a global cause of blindness. Hence, the current work investigated the association of HIF-1α rs11549465 and VEGF rs3025039 genetic variants with the different stages of retinopathy among T2DM Egyptian patients. The crosslinks of these variants were explored with angiogenesis (VEGF), inflammation (AGEP and VCAM-1), and anti-inflammation (CTRP3) markers. Two hundred eighty-eight subjects were recruited in this study: 72 served as controls and 216 were having T2DM and were divided into diabetics without retinopathy (DWR), diabetics with non-proliferative retinopathy (NPDR), and diabetics with proliferative retinopathy (PDR). The genetic variants were analyzed using PCR-RFLP and their associations with NPDR and PDR were statistically tested. The circulating levels of AGEP, VCAM-1, HIF-1α, VEGF, and CTRP3 were assayed followed by analyzing their associations statistically with the studied variants. Results Only HIF-1α rs11549465 genetic variant (recessive model) was significantly associated with the development of NPDR among T2DM patients (p < 0.025) with a significant correlation with the circulating HIF-1α level (p < 0.0001). However, this variant was not associated with PDR progression. Neither HIF-1α rs11549465 nor VEGF rs3025039 genetic variants were associated with the PDR progression. The circulating AGEP, VCAM-1, HIF-1α, and VEGF were significantly elevated (p < 0.0001) while the CTRP3 was significantly decreased (p < 0.0001) in NPDR and PDR groups. The HIF-1α rs11549465 CT and/or TT genotype carriers were significantly associated with AGEP and VCAM-1 levels in the NPDR group, while it showed a significant association with the CTRP3 level in the PDR group. The VEGF rs3025039 TT genotype carriers showed only a significant association with the CTRP3 level in the PDR group. Conclusion The significant association of HIF-1α rs11549465 other than VEGF rs3025039 with the initiation of NPDR in T2DM Egyptian patients might protect them from progression to the proliferative stage via elevating circulating HIF-1α. However, this protective role was not enough to prevent the development of NPDR because of enhancing angiogenesis and inflammation together with suppressing anti-inflammation. The non-significant association of HIF-1α rs11549465 with PDR among T2DM patients could not make this variant a risk factor for PDR progression.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Azza A Atef
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Leqaa A Moemen
- Biochemistry Unit, Research Institute of Ophthalmology, Giza, Egypt
| | | | - Islam A Mohalhal
- Surgical Retina, Research Institute of Ophthalmology, Giza, Egypt
| | - Alshaimaa M Taha
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt.
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Wang CY, Wen QF, Wang QQ, Kuang X, Dong C, Deng ZX, Guo FB. Discovery of Drug Candidates for Specific Human Disease Based on Natural Products of Gut Microbes. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:896740. [PMID: 35783383 PMCID: PMC9240467 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.896740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2022] [Accepted: 05/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The beneficial metabolites of the microbiome could be used as a tool for screening drugs that have the potential for the therapy of various human diseases. Narrowing down the range of beneficial metabolite candidates in specific diseases was primarily a key step for further validation in model organisms. Herein, we proposed a reasonable hypothesis that the metabolites existing commonly in multiple beneficial (or negatively associated) bacteria might have a high probability of being effective drug candidates for specific diseases. According to this hypothesis, we screened metabolites associated with seven human diseases. For type I diabetes, 45 out of 88 screened metabolites had been reported as potential drugs in the literature. Meanwhile, 18 of these metabolites were specific to type I diabetes. Additionally, metabolite correlation could reflect disease relationships in some sense. Our results have demonstrated the potential of bioinformatics mining gut microbes' metabolites as drug candidates based on reported numerous microbe-disease associations and the Virtual Metabolic Human database. More subtle methods would be developed to ensure more accurate predictions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-Yu Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Key Laboratory of Combinatorial Biosynthesis and Drug Discovery, Ministry of Education and School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Qing-Feng Wen
- School of Life Science and Technology, Center for Informational Biology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Qiao-Qiao Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Key Laboratory of Combinatorial Biosynthesis and Drug Discovery, Ministry of Education and School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Xia Kuang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Key Laboratory of Combinatorial Biosynthesis and Drug Discovery, Ministry of Education and School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Chuan Dong
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Key Laboratory of Combinatorial Biosynthesis and Drug Discovery, Ministry of Education and School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Zi-Xin Deng
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Key Laboratory of Combinatorial Biosynthesis and Drug Discovery, Ministry of Education and School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Feng-Biao Guo
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Key Laboratory of Combinatorial Biosynthesis and Drug Discovery, Ministry of Education and School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- *Correspondence: Feng-Biao Guo
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Suppression of COX-2/PGE2 levels by carbazole-linked triazoles via modulating methylglyoxal-AGEs and glucose-AGEs – Induced ROS/NF-κB signaling in monocytes. Cell Signal 2022; 97:110372. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2022.110372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2022] [Revised: 05/24/2022] [Accepted: 05/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Steenbeke M, Speeckaert R, Desmedt S, Glorieux G, Delanghe JR, Speeckaert MM. The Role of Advanced Glycation End Products and Its Soluble Receptor in Kidney Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23073439. [PMID: 35408796 PMCID: PMC8998875 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23073439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2022] [Revised: 03/20/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) are more prone to oxidative stress and chronic inflammation, which may lead to an increase in the synthesis of advanced glycation end products (AGEs). Because AGEs are mostly removed by healthy kidneys, AGE accumulation is a result of both increased production and decreased kidney clearance. On the other hand, AGEs may potentially hasten decreasing kidney function in CKD patients, and are independently related to all-cause mortality. They are one of the non-traditional risk factors that play a significant role in the underlying processes that lead to excessive cardiovascular disease in CKD patients. When AGEs interact with their cell-bound receptor (RAGE), cell dysfunction is initiated by activating nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB), increasing the production and release of inflammatory cytokines. Alterations in the AGE-RAGE system have been related to the development of several chronic kidney diseases. Soluble RAGE (sRAGE) is a decoy receptor that suppresses membrane-bound RAGE activation and AGE-RAGE-related toxicity. sRAGE, and more specifically, the AGE/sRAGE ratio, may be promising tools for predicting the prognosis of kidney diseases. In the present review, we discuss the potential role of AGEs and sRAGE as biomarkers in different kidney pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mieke Steenbeke
- Nephrology Unit, Department of Internal Medicine and Pediatrics, Ghent University Hospital, 9000 Ghent, Belgium; (M.S.); (S.D.); (G.G.)
| | - Reinhart Speeckaert
- Department of Dermatology, Ghent University Hospital, 9000 Ghent, Belgium;
- Research Foundation Flanders, 1000 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Stéphanie Desmedt
- Nephrology Unit, Department of Internal Medicine and Pediatrics, Ghent University Hospital, 9000 Ghent, Belgium; (M.S.); (S.D.); (G.G.)
| | - Griet Glorieux
- Nephrology Unit, Department of Internal Medicine and Pediatrics, Ghent University Hospital, 9000 Ghent, Belgium; (M.S.); (S.D.); (G.G.)
| | - Joris R. Delanghe
- Department of Diagnostic Sciences, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium;
| | - Marijn M. Speeckaert
- Nephrology Unit, Department of Internal Medicine and Pediatrics, Ghent University Hospital, 9000 Ghent, Belgium; (M.S.); (S.D.); (G.G.)
- Research Foundation Flanders, 1000 Brussels, Belgium
- Correspondence:
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Potential Mechanisms of the Improvement of Glucose Homeostasis in Type 2 Diabetes by Pomegranate Juice. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11030553. [PMID: 35326203 PMCID: PMC8945221 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11030553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2022] [Accepted: 03/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Pomegranate is a polyphenol-rich fruit. Studies have shown that extracts prepared from its juice or from different parts of the pomegranate plant have various biological activities including antioxidant, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, anticarcinogenic, cardioprotective, and antidiabetic. The therapeutic potential has been attributed to various phytochemicals, including ellagic acid, punicic acid, flavonoids, anthocyanidins, anthocyanins, flavonols, and flavones. This review focuses on the scientific evidence of pomegranate juice as hypoglycemic, emphasizing the chemical composition and the possible mechanisms of action associated with this effect. Studies were identified using the PubMed, Scopus, and ISI Web of Science databases to identify relevant articles focused on the hypoglycemic effect of pomegranate juice. The physiological responses to pomegranate juice are reported here, including a decrease of oxidative stress damage, an increase of insulin-dependent glucose uptake, maintenance of β-cell integrity, inhibition of nonenzymatic protein glycation, an increase of insulin sensitivity, modulation of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma, inhibition of α-amylase, inhibition of α-glucosidase and dipeptidyl peptidase-4, and decreases in inflammation. Overall, we found a significant hypoglycemic effect of pomegranate in in vitro and in vivo studies and we summarize the potential mechanisms of action.
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8
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Najafi N, Mehri S, Ghasemzadeh Rahbardar M, Hosseinzadeh H. Effects of alpha lipoic acid on metabolic syndrome: A comprehensive review. Phytother Res 2022; 36:2300-2323. [PMID: 35234312 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.7406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2021] [Revised: 01/22/2022] [Accepted: 01/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a multifactorial disease with medical conditions such as hypertension, diabetes, obesity, dyslipidemia, and insulin resistance. Alpha-lipoic acid (α-LA) possesses various pharmacological effects, including antidiabetic, antiobesity, hypotensive, and hypolipidemia actions. It exhibits reactive oxygen species scavenger properties against oxidation and age-related inflammation and refines MetS components. Also, α-LA activates the 5' adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase and inhibits the NFκb. It can decrease cholesterol biosynthesis, fatty acid β-oxidation, and vascular stiffness. α-LA decreases lipogenesis, cholesterol biosynthesis, low-density lipoprotein and very low-density lipoprotein levels, and atherosclerosis. Moreover, α-LA increases insulin secretion, glucose transport, and insulin sensitivity. These changes occur via PI3K/Akt activation. On the other hand, α-LA treats central obesity by increasing adiponectin levels and mitochondrial biogenesis and can reduce food intake mainly by SIRT1 stimulation. In this review, the most relevant articles have been discussed to determine the effects of α-LA on different components of MetS with a special focus on different molecular mechanisms behind these effects. This review exhibits the potential properties of α-LA in managing MetS; however, high-quality studies are needed to confirm the clinical efficacy of α-LA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nahid Najafi
- Student Research Committee, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Department of Pharmacodynamics and Toxicology, School Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Soghra Mehri
- Department of Pharmacodynamics and Toxicology, School Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Pharmaceutical Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | | | - Hossein Hosseinzadeh
- Department of Pharmacodynamics and Toxicology, School Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Pharmaceutical Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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Vajdi M, Mahmoudi-Nezhad M, Farhangi MA. An updated systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis of the randomized controlled trials on the effects of Alpha-Lipoic acid supplementation on inflammatory biomarkers. INT J VITAM NUTR RES 2021; 93:164-177. [PMID: 33827267 DOI: 10.1024/0300-9831/a000702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Data about the effects of alpha-lipoic acid (ALA) supplementation on inflammatory markers are inconsistent. This systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials was performed to summarize the effects of ALA supplementation on inflammatory markers such as C-reactive protein (CRP), interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) in adults. A comprehensive literature search was conducted in the electronic databases of PubMed, Web of Science, ProQuest, Embase, and SCOPUS from inception to February 2020. Among all of the eligible studies, 20 articles were selected. The weighted mean differences (WMD) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated to evaluate the pooled effect size. Between-study heterogeneity was evaluated using Cochran's Q test and I2. Subgroup analysis was done to evaluate the potential sources of heterogeneity. The dose-response relationship was evaluated using fractional polynomial modeling. Twenty eligible studies with a total sample size of 947 participants were included in the current meta-analysis. The findings of the meta-analysis showed that ALA supplementation significantly reduced CRP (WMD: -0.69 mg/L, 95% CI: -1.13, -0.26, P=0.002), IL-6 (WMD: -1.83 pg/ml, 95% CI: -2.90, -0.76, P=0.001), and TNF-α concentrations (WMD: -0.45 pg/ml, 95% CI: -0.85, -0.04, P=0.032). No evidence of departure from linearity was observed between dose and duration of the ALA supplementation on serum CRP, IL-6 and TNF-α concentration. In subgroup analysis, ALA dosage, baseline concentrations of the parameter, sample size, and gender were considered as possible sources of heterogeneity. In summary, ALA supplementation improves inflammatory markers without any evidence of non-linear association to dose or duration of the trial.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahdi Vajdi
- Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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Palomer X, Aguilar-Recarte D, García R, Nistal JF, Vázquez-Carrera M. Sirtuins: To Be or Not To Be in Diabetic Cardiomyopathy. Trends Mol Med 2021; 27:554-571. [PMID: 33839024 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmed.2021.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2020] [Revised: 02/25/2021] [Accepted: 03/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Diabetic cardiomyopathy is the leading cause of death among people with diabetes. Despite its severity and poor prognosis, there are currently no approved specific drugs to prevent or even treat diabetic cardiomyopathy. There is a need to understand the pathogenic mechanisms underlying the development of diabetic cardiomyopathy to design new therapeutic strategies. These mechanisms are complex and intricate and include metabolic dysregulation, inflammation, oxidative stress, fibrosis, and apoptosis. Sirtuins, a group of deacetylase enzymes, play an important role in all these processes and are, therefore, potential molecular targets for treating this disease. In this review, we discuss the role of sirtuins in the heart, focusing on their contribution to the pathogenesis of diabetic cardiomyopathy and how their modulation could be therapeutically useful.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xavier Palomer
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Therapeutic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Institute of Biomedicine of the University of Barcelona (IBUB); and Spanish Biomedical Research Center in Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Diseases (CIBERDEM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Barcelona, Spain; Pediatric Research Institute - Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Esplugues de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - David Aguilar-Recarte
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Therapeutic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Institute of Biomedicine of the University of Barcelona (IBUB); and Spanish Biomedical Research Center in Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Diseases (CIBERDEM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Barcelona, Spain; Pediatric Research Institute - Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Esplugues de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Raquel García
- Departamento de Fisiología y Farmacología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Cantabria, Santander, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Marqués de Valdecilla (IDIVAL), Santander, Spain
| | - J Francisco Nistal
- Servicio de Cirugía Cardiovascular, Hospital Universitario Marqués de Valdecilla, Santander, Spain; Departamento de Ciencias Médicas y Quirúrgicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Cantabria, Santander, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Marqués de Valdecilla (IDIVAL); Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Cardiovascular (CIBERCV), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Santander, Spain
| | - Manuel Vázquez-Carrera
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Therapeutic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Institute of Biomedicine of the University of Barcelona (IBUB); and Spanish Biomedical Research Center in Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Diseases (CIBERDEM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Barcelona, Spain; Pediatric Research Institute - Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Esplugues de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain.
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Galluccio E, Spadoni S, Fontana B, Bosi E, Piatti P, Monti LD. Long lasting protective effects of early l-arginine treatment on endothelium in an in vitro study. Clin Nutr 2021; 40:1519-1529. [PMID: 33743287 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnu.2021.02.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2020] [Revised: 11/09/2020] [Accepted: 02/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Excess nutrient supply, such as high fat and high glucose intake, promotes oxidative stress and advanced glycation end products accumulation. Oxidative stress and AGE accumulation cause pathological elevation of arginase activity and pro-inflammatory signaling implicated in endothelial dysfunction. Several studies showed positive effects of l-arginine supplementation in endothelial function but little is currently known about the role of l-arginine as prevention of endothelial dysfunction caused by excessive nutrient supply (overfeeding). Our aim was to evaluate a possible protective effect of l-arginine on endothelial dysfunction caused by excessive nutrient supply (overfeeding), using human endothelial cells line in an in vitro study. METHODS Endothelial EA.hy926 cells were pre-treated with 1.72 mM of l-arginine for 24 h and afterwards subjected to nutritional stress (high lipid, high insulin and high glucose concentrations) for further 24 h. After treatment discontinuation, the cells were kept in culture for 48 h, in physiological condition, to evaluate the effects of treatments after normalization. RESULTS Excess nutrient supply in EA.hy926 cell line showed an increase of oxidative and nitrosative stress, a rise of AGEs production, high arginase activity, leading the cells to acidosis and to cell death. l-arginine pretreatment protects the cells by reducing apoptosis, acidosis, oxidative and nitrosative stress, arginase activity and AGE accumulation. l-arginine pretreatment reduces AGEs generation and accumulation by regulating STAB1 and RAGE gene expression levels. STAB1, acting as receptor scavenger of AGEs, interferes with AGE-RAGE binding and thus prevents activation of intracellular signaling pathways leading to cell damage. Moreover the reduction of oxidative stress promotes a decrease of excessive activation of arginase involved in endothelial dysfunction. The effects of pretreatment with l-arginine last even in the absence of stimuli and despite after treatment discontinuation. CONCLUSIONS An early l-arginine treatment is able to prevent oxidative stress and AGEs accumulation caused by overfeeding in human endothelial cell line by regulating STAB1/RAGE gene expression and by reducing excess arginase activity. The positive effects of l-arginine pretreatment continue even after treatment discontinuation in normal conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Galluccio
- Cardio-Diabetes and Core Lab Unit, Diabetes Research Institute, Department of Internal Medicine, IRCCS San Raffaele Institute, Via Olgettina 60, 20132, Milan, Italy; Cardio-Metabolism and Clinical Trials Unit, Diabetes Research Institute, Department of Internal Medicine, IRCCS San Raffaele Institute, Via Olgettina 60, 20132, Milan, Italy.
| | - Serena Spadoni
- Cardio-Diabetes and Core Lab Unit, Diabetes Research Institute, Department of Internal Medicine, IRCCS San Raffaele Institute, Via Olgettina 60, 20132, Milan, Italy; Cardio-Metabolism and Clinical Trials Unit, Diabetes Research Institute, Department of Internal Medicine, IRCCS San Raffaele Institute, Via Olgettina 60, 20132, Milan, Italy.
| | - Barbara Fontana
- Cardio-Diabetes and Core Lab Unit, Diabetes Research Institute, Department of Internal Medicine, IRCCS San Raffaele Institute, Via Olgettina 60, 20132, Milan, Italy; Cardio-Metabolism and Clinical Trials Unit, Diabetes Research Institute, Department of Internal Medicine, IRCCS San Raffaele Institute, Via Olgettina 60, 20132, Milan, Italy.
| | - Emanuele Bosi
- Cardio-Diabetes and Core Lab Unit, Diabetes Research Institute, Department of Internal Medicine, IRCCS San Raffaele Institute, Via Olgettina 60, 20132, Milan, Italy; Cardio-Metabolism and Clinical Trials Unit, Diabetes Research Institute, Department of Internal Medicine, IRCCS San Raffaele Institute, Via Olgettina 60, 20132, Milan, Italy.
| | - Piermarco Piatti
- Cardio-Diabetes and Core Lab Unit, Diabetes Research Institute, Department of Internal Medicine, IRCCS San Raffaele Institute, Via Olgettina 60, 20132, Milan, Italy; Cardio-Metabolism and Clinical Trials Unit, Diabetes Research Institute, Department of Internal Medicine, IRCCS San Raffaele Institute, Via Olgettina 60, 20132, Milan, Italy.
| | - Lucilla D Monti
- Cardio-Diabetes and Core Lab Unit, Diabetes Research Institute, Department of Internal Medicine, IRCCS San Raffaele Institute, Via Olgettina 60, 20132, Milan, Italy; Cardio-Metabolism and Clinical Trials Unit, Diabetes Research Institute, Department of Internal Medicine, IRCCS San Raffaele Institute, Via Olgettina 60, 20132, Milan, Italy.
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12
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Daiber A, Andreadou I, Oelze M, Davidson SM, Hausenloy DJ. Discovery of new therapeutic redox targets for cardioprotection against ischemia/reperfusion injury and heart failure. Free Radic Biol Med 2021; 163:325-343. [PMID: 33359685 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2020.12.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2020] [Revised: 12/10/2020] [Accepted: 12/16/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Global epidemiological studies reported a shift from maternal/infectious communicable diseases to chronic non-communicable diseases and a major part is attributable to atherosclerosis and metabolic disorders. Accordingly, ischemic heart disease was identified as a leading risk factor for global mortality and morbidity with a prevalence of 128 million people. Almost 9 million premature deaths can be attributed to ischemic heart disease and subsequent acute myocardial infarction and heart failure, also representing a substantial socioeconomic burden. As evidenced by typical oxidative stress markers such as lipid peroxidation products or oxidized DNA/RNA bases, the formation of reactive oxygen species by various sources (NADPH oxidases, xanthine oxidase and mitochondrial resperatory chain) plays a central role for the severity of ischemia/reperfusion damage. The underlying mechanisms comprise direct oxidative damage but also adverse redox-regulation of kinase and calcium signaling, inflammation and cardiac remodeling among others. These processes and the role of reactive oxygen species are discussed in the present review. We also present and discuss potential targets for redox-based therapies that are either already established in the clinics (e.g. guanylyl cyclase activators and stimulators) or at least successfully tested in preclinical models of myocardial infarction and heart failure (mitochondria-targeted antioxidants). However, reactive oxygen species have not only detrimental effects but are also involved in essential cellular signaling and may even act protective as seen by ischemic pre- and post-conditioning or eustress - which makes redox therapy quite challenging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Daiber
- Department of Cardiology 1, Molecular Cardiology, University Medical Center, Langenbeckstr. 1, 55131, Mainz, Germany; Partner Site Rhine-Main, German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Langenbeckstr. 1, 55131, Mainz, Germany.
| | - Ioanna Andreadou
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 15771, Athens, Greece
| | - Matthias Oelze
- Department of Cardiology 1, Molecular Cardiology, University Medical Center, Langenbeckstr. 1, 55131, Mainz, Germany
| | - Sean M Davidson
- The Hatter Cardiovascular Institute, 67 Chenies Mews, London, WC1E 6HX, United Kingdom
| | - Derek J Hausenloy
- The Hatter Cardiovascular Institute, 67 Chenies Mews, London, WC1E 6HX, United Kingdom; Cardiovascular & Metabolic Disorders Program, Duke-National University of Singapore Medical School, Singapore; National Heart Research Institute Singapore, National Heart Centre, Singapore; Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University Singapore, Singapore; Cardiovascular Research Center, College of Medical and Health Sciences, Asia University, Taiwan.
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13
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Didangelos T, Karlafti E, Kotzakioulafi E, Kontoninas Z, Margaritidis C, Giannoulaki P, Kantartzis K. Efficacy and Safety of the Combination of Superoxide Dismutase, Alpha Lipoic Acid, Vitamin B12, and Carnitine for 12 Months in Patients with Diabetic Neuropathy. Nutrients 2020; 12:nu12113254. [PMID: 33114210 PMCID: PMC7690794 DOI: 10.3390/nu12113254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2020] [Revised: 10/18/2020] [Accepted: 10/20/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Aim: To investigate the efficacy of Superoxide Dismutase, Alpha Lipoic Acid, Acetyl L-Carnitine, and Vitamin B12 (B12) in one tablet in Diabetic Neuropathy (DN). Patients–methods: In this prospective, double-blind, placebo-controlled study, 85 patients with Diabetes Mellitus Type 2 (DMT2) were randomly assigned, either to receive the combination of four elements (active group, n = 43), or placebo (n = 42) for 12 months. We used the Michigan Neuropathy Screening Instrument Questionnaire and Examination (MNSIQ and MNSIE), measured the vibration perception threshold (BIO), and Cardiovascular Autonomic Reflex Tests (CARTs). Nerve function was assessed by DPN Check [sural nerve conduction velocity (SNCV) and amplitude (SNAP)]. Pain (PS) and quality of life (QL) questionnaires were administered. Results: At follow-up, BIO, MNSIQ, QL, PAIN, and SNCV, SNAP, and B12 levels had significantly improved inactive group (p < 0.001, p < 0.001, p < 0.001, p < 0.001, p = 0.027, p = 0.031, and p < 0.001 respectively), whereas the inplacebo group MCR (mean circular resultant) and PAIN deteriorated (p < 0.001, p < 0.001). The changes in MNSIQ, QL, SNCV, BIO, and PAIN differed significantly between groups (p < 0.001, p < 0.001, p = 0.031, p < 0.001, and p < 0.001 respectively). Conclusions: The combination of the four elements in one tablet for 12 months in patients with DMT2 improved all indices of peripheral neuropathy, including SNAP and SNCV, pain, and Quality of Life perception, except CARTs and MNSIE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Triantafyllos Didangelos
- Diabetes Center, 1st Propaedeutic Department of Internal Medicine, Medical School, University General Hospital of Thessaloniki AHEPA, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54636 Thessaloniki, Greece; (E.K.); (E.K.); (Z.K.); (C.M.)
- Correspondence: or ; Tel.: +30-6944863803
| | - Eleni Karlafti
- Diabetes Center, 1st Propaedeutic Department of Internal Medicine, Medical School, University General Hospital of Thessaloniki AHEPA, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54636 Thessaloniki, Greece; (E.K.); (E.K.); (Z.K.); (C.M.)
| | - Evangelia Kotzakioulafi
- Diabetes Center, 1st Propaedeutic Department of Internal Medicine, Medical School, University General Hospital of Thessaloniki AHEPA, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54636 Thessaloniki, Greece; (E.K.); (E.K.); (Z.K.); (C.M.)
| | - Zisis Kontoninas
- Diabetes Center, 1st Propaedeutic Department of Internal Medicine, Medical School, University General Hospital of Thessaloniki AHEPA, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54636 Thessaloniki, Greece; (E.K.); (E.K.); (Z.K.); (C.M.)
| | - Charalampos Margaritidis
- Diabetes Center, 1st Propaedeutic Department of Internal Medicine, Medical School, University General Hospital of Thessaloniki AHEPA, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54636 Thessaloniki, Greece; (E.K.); (E.K.); (Z.K.); (C.M.)
| | - Parthena Giannoulaki
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, University General Hospital of Thessaloniki AHEPA, 54636 Thessaloniki, Greece;
| | - Konstantinos Kantartzis
- Department of Internal Medicine IV, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Nephrology, University of Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany;
- Institute for Diabetes Research and Metabolic Diseases (IDM) of the Helmholtz Centre Munich at the University of Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), 72076 Tübingen, Germany
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14
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Daiber A, Chlopicki S. Revisiting pharmacology of oxidative stress and endothelial dysfunction in cardiovascular disease: Evidence for redox-based therapies. Free Radic Biol Med 2020; 157:15-37. [PMID: 32131026 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2020.02.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2019] [Revised: 02/05/2020] [Accepted: 02/26/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
According to the latest Global Burden of Disease Study data, non-communicable diseases in general and cardiovascular disease (CVD) in particular are the leading cause of premature death and reduced quality of life. Demographic shifts, unhealthy lifestyles and a higher burden of adverse environmental factors provide an explanation for these findings. The expected growing prevalence of CVD requires enhanced research efforts for identification and characterisation of novel therapeutic targets and strategies. Cardiovascular risk factors including classical (e.g. hypertension, diabetes, hypercholesterolaemia) and non-classical (e.g. environmental stress) factors induce the development of endothelial dysfunction, which is closely associated with oxidant stress and vascular inflammation and results in CVD, particularly in older adults. Most classically successful therapies for CVD display vasoprotective, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects, but were originally designed with other therapeutic aims. So far, only a few 'redox drugs' are in clinical use and many antioxidant strategies have not met expectations. With the present review, we summarise the actual knowledge on CVD pathomechanisms, with special emphasis on endothelial dysfunction, adverse redox signalling and oxidative stress, highlighting the preclinical and clinical evidence. In addition, we provide a brief overview of established CVD therapies and their relation to endothelial dysfunction and oxidative stress. Finally, we discuss novel strategies for redox-based CVD therapies trying to explain why, despite a clear link between endothelial dysfunction and adverse redox signalling and oxidative stress, redox- and oxidative stress-based therapies have not yet provided a breakthrough in the treatment of endothelial dysfunction and CVD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Daiber
- The Center for Cardiology, Department of Cardiology 1, Laboratory of Molecular Cardiology, University Medical Center, Langenbeckstr. 1, 55131, Mainz, Germany; The Partner Site Rhine-Main, German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Langenbeckstr. 1, 55131, Mainz, Germany.
| | - Stefan Chlopicki
- The Jagiellonian University, Jagiellonian Centre for Experimental Therapeutics (JCET), Bobrzynskiego 14, 30-348, Krakow, Poland; Jagiellonian University Medical College, Grzegorzecka 16, 31-531, Krakow, Poland.
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15
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Altunina NV, Lizogub VG, Bondarchuk OM. Alpha-Lipoic Acid as a Means of Influence on Systemic Inflammation in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients with Prior Myocardial Infarction. J Med Life 2020; 13:32-36. [PMID: 32341698 PMCID: PMC7175430 DOI: 10.25122/jml-2020-0018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Patients with combined coronary heart disease and diabetes mellitus make up a growing segment of the population and require a comprehensive treatment approach. Patients with concurrent diabetes mellitus and coronary heart disease have a worse projection. Under these conditions, the incidence of recurrent myocardial infarction, early disability due to complications, and the risk of coronary death are increased. Therefore, the priority task is to find ways to optimize drug treatment of this category of patients, taking into account the impact of drugs on the pathogenetic links of coronary heart disease progression and the development of cardiovascular complications. One hundred twelve people were examined in the research. The patients had type 2 diabetes with a history of non-Q-myocardial infarction receiving oral antidiabetic therapy and basic therapy, including an ACE inhibitor, a β-blocker, a statin, and an antiplatelet agent. Analysis of the investigated parameters in the leading group after receiving alpha-lipoic acid for 4 months showed a significant decrease in the concentration of C-Reactive Protein, IL-6 and TNF-α. According to the results of our research, taking alpha-lipoic acid for 4 months in patients with type 2 diabetes who underwent non-Q-myocardial infarction reduced the activity of systemic inflammation and did not significantly affect the content of anti-inflammatory IL-10 in patients. In light of the above, it is of interest to administer alpha-lipoic acid to these patients, considering the positive effects of the agent such as antioxidant properties, vasorelaxation, positive metabolic profile, as well as an anti-inflammatory potential.
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16
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Mustafa SM, Chua LS, El-Enshasy HA, Abd Majid FA, Hanapi SZ. Kinetic profile and anti-diabetic potential of fermented Punica granatum juice using Lactobacillus casei. Process Biochem 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2020.01.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Goudarzi M, Haghi Karamallah M, Malayeri A, Kalantar M, Mansouri E, Kalantar H. Protective effect of alpha-lipoic acid on di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate-induced testicular toxicity in mice. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 27:13670-13678. [PMID: 32030592 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-07817-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2019] [Accepted: 01/21/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Phthalates are synthetic chemicals, widely used as plasticizers due to their flexibility in plastics. Human populations may be exposed to phthalates through direct contact or environmental contamination. Most studies have focused on the effects of phthalates on the reproductive tract and have classified these compounds as endocrine disruptors. In this study, we aimed to investigate the possible oxidative damage induced by di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) in the mouse testis and to evaluate the regulatory effects of alpha-lipoic acid (LA). For this purpose, forty male mice were divided into four experimental groups. Group I received normal saline (2 mL/kg; p.o.) and corn oil (5 mL/kg; p.o.) as the control group, group II received DEHP (2 g/kg; p.o.), group III received DEHP and LA (20 mg/kg; p.o.), and group IV was treated with LA alone; treatments continued for 2 weeks. The glutathione level (GSH), as well as glutathione peroxidase (GPx), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and catalase (CAT) activities, was determined in mice. In addition, serum concentrations of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH), testosterone, interleukin-1β (IL-1β), and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) were measured. Nitric oxide (NO) level, malondialdehyde (MDA) level, sperm characteristics, and histological changes of the testes were also evaluated. The results showed that 2 g/kg of DEHP could significantly decrease the sperm motility. Based on our findings, DEHP significantly reduced the production and count of sperms; these toxic effects were associated with alterations in the serum hormone levels. In the DEHP group, a significant reduction was reported in the serum testosterone, FSH, and LH levels. LA improved DEHP-induced changes in hormonal levels and sperm index. According to our findings, treatment with DEHP triggered histopathological changes and oxidative stress, which were normalized by LA pretreatment. In conclusion, DEHP disrupts the testicular function in rats, at least partly through induction of oxidative stress. On the other hand, LA exhibits potential protective effects on testicular toxicity induced by DEHP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehdi Goudarzi
- Medicinal Plant Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | | | - Alireza Malayeri
- Nab'a Al-Hayat Health Research Center, Nab'a Al-Hayat Foundation for Medical Sciences and Health Care, Najaf, Iraq
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | | | - Esrafil Mansouri
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Department of Anatomical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Hadi Kalantar
- Medicinal Plant Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hunjoo Ha
- Department of Pharmacology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kyung H. Kim
- Department of Pharmacology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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19
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Gui F, You Z, Fu S, Wu H, Zhang Y. Endothelial Dysfunction in Diabetic Retinopathy. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2020; 11:591. [PMID: 33013692 PMCID: PMC7499433 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2020.00591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2020] [Accepted: 07/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a diabetic complication which affects retinal function and results in severe loss of vision and relevant retinal diseases. Retinal vascular dysfunction caused by multifactors, such as advanced glycosylation end products and receptors, pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines, proliferator-activated receptor-γ disruption, growth factors, oxidative stress, and microRNA. These factors promote retinal endothelial dysfunction, which results in the development of DR. In this review, we summarize the contributors in the pathophysiology of DR for a better understanding of the molecular and cellular mechanism in the development of DR with a special emphasis on retinal endothelial dysfunction.
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20
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Liu Q, Hua B, Su W, Di B, Yu S, Gao S, Liu H, Zhao X, Li W, Li H. AGEs impair Kv channel-mediated vasodilation of coronary arteries by activating the NF-κB signaling pathway in ZDF rats. Biomed Pharmacother 2019; 120:109527. [PMID: 31629953 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2019.109527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2019] [Revised: 10/01/2019] [Accepted: 10/01/2019] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Excessive formation of advanced glycation end products (AGEs) impairs voltage-gated potassium (Kv) channels in rat coronary artery smooth muscle cells (CSMCs), resulting in weakened Kv-mediated coronary vasodilation. We hypothesized that induction of the nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) signaling pathway by AGEs plays a significant role in the regulation of Kv channel-mediated vasodilation in Zucker diabetic fatty (ZDF) rats. Assays of mRNA transcripts, protein expression, and intracellular localization as well as patch-clamp experiments in cultured CSMCs revealed that AGEs significantly induced activation of the NF-κB signaling pathway, reduced Kv1.2/1.5 expression, and inhibited Kv currents. In addition, silencing of the receptor for AGEs (RAGE) or p65 with siRNA and treatment with alagrebrium (ALA) or pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate (PDTC) alleviated the AGE-induced impairment of Kv channels in CSMCs. Compared with Zucker lean (ZL) rats, the amount of AGEs, RAGE protein expression, and NF-κB activity in coronary arteries were higher in ZDF rats; whereas Kv1.2/1.5 expression was significantly lower in ZDF rats. Reduced Kv1.2/1.5 expression in coronary arteries and impaired Kv-mediated coronary relaxation tested by wire myography in ZDF rats were markedly improved by treatment with aminoguanidine (AG), ALA, or PDTC. These effects were accompanied by diminished NF-κB activity, inflammation, and oxidative stress. Taken together, these results indicate that an increased interaction between AGEs and RAGE in diabetic rats leads to impaired Kv channel-mediated coronary vasodilation. Moreover, activation of the NF-κB signaling pathway and a subsequent increase of inflammation and oxidative stress may play an important role in AGE-induced impairment of coronary vasodilation in diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingbo Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Center, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, PR China
| | - Bing Hua
- Department of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Center, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, PR China
| | - Wen Su
- Department of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Center, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, PR China
| | - Beibing Di
- Department of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Center, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, PR China
| | - Shandong Yu
- Department of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Center, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, PR China
| | - Side Gao
- Department of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Center, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, PR China
| | - Huirong Liu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, PR China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Metabolic Disorder-Related Cardiovascular Disease, Beijing 100069, PR China
| | - Xueqiao Zhao
- Clinical Atherosclerosis Research Lab, Division of Cardiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Weiping Li
- Department of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Center, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, PR China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Metabolic Disorder-Related Cardiovascular Disease, Beijing 100069, PR China.
| | - Hongwei Li
- Department of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Center, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, PR China; Department of Internal Medicine, Medical Health Center, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, PR China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Metabolic Disorder-Related Cardiovascular Disease, Beijing 100069, PR China.
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21
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Epstein JB, Miaskowski C. Oral Pain in the Cancer Patient. J Natl Cancer Inst Monogr 2019; 2019:5551353. [DOI: 10.1093/jncimonographs/lgz003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2019] [Revised: 02/07/2019] [Accepted: 04/01/2019] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Oral pain due to cancer and associated treatments is common. The prevalence and severity of oral cancer is high. Painful oral mucositis develops in head and neck cancer patients following surgery and associated radiation therapy and/or chemotherapy. In addition, oral pain, including pain from mucositis, occurs in patients receiving chemotherapy for cancers of the hematopoietic system and cancers at other anatomic sites. Despite pain management practices that include high-dose opioid analgesics, patients rarely obtain relief from either head and neck cancer pain or mucositis pain. Because oral pain in cancer patients is likely due to both nociceptive and neuropathic mechanisms, effective management of pain requires treatments for both processes. As knowledge of the pathophysiology of oral pain in cancer patients increases, new approaches for the prevention and management are anticipated. This article focuses on the emerging evidence that supports the molecular mechanisms and the unique oral micro-neuroanatomy that in combination produce the severe oral pain experienced by cancer patients. In addition, this article summarizes the current state of clinical management of oral mucositis pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joel B Epstein
- Department of Surgery, City of Hope, Duarte, CA
- Department of Surgery, Cedars-Sinai Health System, Los Angeles, CA
- Seattle Cancer Care Alliance, Seattle, WA
| | - Christine Miaskowski
- Department of Physiological Nursing, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA
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Rahimlou M, Asadi M, Banaei Jahromi N, Mansoori A. Alpha-lipoic acid (ALA) supplementation effect on glycemic and inflammatory biomarkers: A Systematic Review and meta- analysis. Clin Nutr ESPEN 2019; 32:16-28. [PMID: 31221283 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnesp.2019.03.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2018] [Revised: 02/08/2019] [Accepted: 03/26/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Several randomized clinical trials (RCTs) have investigated the effect of Alpha - Lipoic Acid (ALA) supplementation on metabolic parameters, with conflicting results. Therefore, the present study assessed the effect of ALA on some glycemic and inflammatory parameters. METHODS A comprehensive literature search was conducted up from inception to July 2018 on PubMed, Scopus, Cochrane databases, Google Scholar, ProQuest, Web of Science, and Embase. From among eligible trials, 41 articles were selected for the meta-analysis. Two reviewers independently assessed the risk of bias and extracted data from the included studies. Meta-analyses using the random-effects model were performed to analyze the data. RESULTS Based on the Cochrane risk of bias tool, 19 articles had a good quality, 16 trials had a poor quality and 6 trials had a fair quality. The results demonstrated the significant effect of ALA on Fasting Blood Sugar (FBS) (weighted mean difference (WMD)) = -6.57, 95% confidence interval (CI: -11.91 to -1.23, P = 0.016), Hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) (WMD = -0.35, 95% CI: -0.55 to -0.15, P = 0.004), Tumor Necrosis Factor Alpha (TNF-α) (WMD = -1.57, 95% CI: -2.29 to -0.85, P < 0.05), Interleukin 6 levels (IL-6) (WMD = -1.15, 95% CI: -1.58 to -0.72, P < 0.001), and C-reactive protein (CRP) (WMD = -0.31, 95% CI: -0.47 to -0.16, P > 0.001). No effect was detected for ALA on insulin and the homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR). CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest that ALA is a viable supplement to improve some of the glycemic and inflammatory biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehran Rahimlou
- Department of Nutrition, School of Para-Medical Sciences, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Science, Ahvaz, Iran.
| | - Maryam Asadi
- Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.
| | - Nasrin Banaei Jahromi
- Student Research Committee, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.
| | - Anahita Mansoori
- Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.
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Glycine Suppresses AGE/RAGE Signaling Pathway and Subsequent Oxidative Stress by Restoring Glo1 Function in the Aorta of Diabetic Rats and in HUVECs. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2019; 2019:4628962. [PMID: 30944692 PMCID: PMC6421782 DOI: 10.1155/2019/4628962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2018] [Accepted: 01/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Oxidative stress plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis of diabetic vascular complications. It is known that the accumulation of advanced glycation end products (AGEs) and the activation of the receptor of AGEs (RAGE) induce sustained oxidative stress in the vascular tissue. Growing evidence indicates that glycine, the simplest amino acid, exerts antioxidant and antiglycation effects and also improves vascular function. However, the mechanism whereby glycine protects vascular tissue against oxidative stress in models with diabetes has not been investigated. In the present study, we evaluated whether glycine can attenuate oxidative stress by suppressing the AGE/RAGE signaling pathway in the aorta of streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats and in human umbilical vascular endothelial cells (HUVECs). Our results showed that oral glycine administration increased NO content and ameliorated oxidative stress in the serum and aorta of diabetic rats. The AGE/RAGE signaling pathway in the aorta of diabetic rats was significantly attenuated by glycine treatment as manifested by decreases in levels of AGEs, RAGE, Nox4, and NF-κB p65. The suppressive effect of glycine on the formation of AGEs was associated with increased activity and expression of aortic glyoxalase-1 (Glo1), a crucial enzyme that degrades methylglyoxal (MG), the major precursor of AGEs. In MG-treated HUVECs, glycine restored the function of Glo1, suppressed the AGE/RAGE signaling pathway, and inhibited the generation of reactive oxygen species. In addition, the reduction in the formation of AGEs in HUVECs caused by glycine treatment was inhibited by Glo1 inhibition. Taken together, our study provides evidence that glycine might inhibit the AGE/RAGE pathway and subsequent oxidative stress by improving Glo1 function, thus protecting against diabetic macrovascular complications.
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Baeeri M, Bahadar H, Rahimifard M, Navaei-Nigjeh M, Khorasani R, Rezvanfar MA, Gholami M, Abdollahi M. α-Lipoic acid prevents senescence, cell cycle arrest, and inflammatory cues in fibroblasts by inhibiting oxidative stress. Pharmacol Res 2019; 141:214-223. [PMID: 30611855 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2019.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2018] [Revised: 12/31/2018] [Accepted: 01/02/2019] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Senescence is a process characterized by an irreversible growth arrest in cells and induced by oxidative stress. In the current study, anti-aging potential of a well-known antioxidant, α-lipoic acid (α-LA), in rat embryonic fibroblast (REF) cells was assessed. In this regard, oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis pathways were investigated on REF cells exposed to H2O2 as a senescence inducer and α-LA as a protective compound. In cells treated with α-LA and H2O2, level of β-galactosidase, as an aging marker, and oxidative stress biomarkers, were significantly lower than those exposed to H2O2 only. Furthermore, flow cytometry assay showed that α-LA caused a significant reduction in the number of apoptotic cells via the caspase-dependent pathway. In addition, it could neutralize the inflammatory effects of H2O2 and attenuated the concentration of inflammatory cytokines. In comparison to H2O2 group, a significant increase in G0/G1 arrest was observed during cell cycle analysis in cells exposed to H2O2 and α-LA. The results of this study show that α-LA has beneficial effects on H2O2-induced cellular senescence. α-LA works by attenuating the reactive oxygen species, subsiding inflammation, and affecting cell division.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Baeeri
- Toxicology and Diseases Group, The Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (TIPS), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Haji Bahadar
- Institute of Paramedical Sciences, Khyber Medical University, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Mahban Rahimifard
- Toxicology and Diseases Group, The Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (TIPS), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mona Navaei-Nigjeh
- Toxicology and Diseases Group, The Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (TIPS), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Reza Khorasani
- Toxicology and Diseases Group, The Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (TIPS), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Amin Rezvanfar
- Toxicology and Diseases Group, The Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (TIPS), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahdi Gholami
- Toxicology and Diseases Group, The Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (TIPS), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Abdollahi
- Toxicology and Diseases Group, The Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (TIPS), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Alphalipoic Acid Prevents Oxidative Stress and Peripheral Neuropathy in Nab-Paclitaxel-Treated Rats through the Nrf2 Signalling Pathway. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2019; 2019:3142732. [PMID: 30881589 PMCID: PMC6387730 DOI: 10.1155/2019/3142732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2018] [Revised: 11/20/2018] [Accepted: 12/03/2018] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Peripheral neuropathy is the major dose-limiting side effect of paclitaxel (PTX), affecting both the quality of life and the survival of cancer patients. Nab-paclitaxel (nab-PTX) was developed to provide additional clinical benefits and overcome the safety drawbacks of solvent-based PTX. However, the prevalence of peripheral neuropathy induced by nab-PTX was reported higher than that induced by solvent-based PTX. Upon investigation, oxidative stress plays a major role in the toxicity of nab-PTX. In order to assess if the antioxidant alphalipoic acid (α-LA) could prevent the nab-PTX-induced peripheral neuropathy, Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were treated with three doses of α-LA (15, 30, and 60 mg/kg in normal saline, i.p., q.d. (days 1-30)) and/or nab-PTX (7.4 mg/kg in normal saline, i.v., q.w. (days 8, 15, and 22)). Body weight and peripheral neuropathy were measured and assessed regularly during the study. The assessment of peripheral neuropathy was performed by the von Frey and acetone tests. A tumor xenograft model of pancreatic cancer was used to assess the impact of α-LA on the antitumor effect of nab-PTX. Results showed that α-LA significantly ameliorated the peripheral neuropathy induced by nab-PTX (p < 0.05) without promoting tumor growth or reducing the chemotherapeutic effect of nab-PTX in a tumor xenograft model. Moreover, α-LA might significantly reverse the superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione (GSH), and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels altered by nab-PTX in the serum and the spinal cord of rats. Furthermore, α-LA could reverse the mRNA and protein expressions of Nrf2 (nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2) and three Nrf2-responsive genes (HO-1, γ-GCLC, and NQO1) altered by nab-PTX in the dorsal root ganglion (DRG) of rats. In conclusion, our study suggests that α-LA could prevent oxidative stress and peripheral neuropathy in nab-PTX-treated rats through the Nrf2 signalling pathway without diminishing chemotherapeutic effect.
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Vascular endothelial dysfunction, a major mediator in diabetic cardiomyopathy. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2019; 40:1-8. [PMID: 29867137 DOI: 10.1038/s41401-018-0042-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 160] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2018] [Accepted: 04/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus is currently a major public health problem. A common complication of diabetes is cardiac dysfunction, which is recognized as a microvascular disease that leads to morbidity and mortality in diabetic patients. While ischemic events are commonly observed in diabetic patients, the risk for developing heart failure is also increased, independent of the severity of coronary artery disease and hypertension. This diabetes-associated clinical entity is considered a distinct disease process referred to as "diabetic cardiomyopathy". However, it is not clear how diabetes promotes cardiac dysfunction. Vascular endothelial dysfunction is thought to be one of the key risk factors. The impact of diabetes on the endothelium involves several alterations, including hyperglycemia, fatty acid oxidation, reduced nitric oxide (NO), oxidative stress, inflammatory activation, and altered barrier function. The current review provides an update on mechanisms that specifically target endothelial dysfunction, which may lead to diabetic cardiomyopathy.
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Szkudlarek A, Pożycka J, Maciążek-Jurczyk M. Influence of Piracetam on Gliclazide-Glycated Human Serum Albumin Interaction. A Spectrofluorometric Study. Molecules 2018; 24:molecules24010111. [PMID: 30597970 PMCID: PMC6337564 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24010111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2018] [Revised: 12/18/2018] [Accepted: 12/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Advanced Glycation End-Products (AGEs) are created in the last step of protein glycation and can be a factor in aging and in the development or worsening of many degenerative diseases (diabetes, chronic kidney disease, atherosclerosis, Alzheimer’s disease, etc.). Albumin is the most susceptible to glycation plasma protein. Modified albumin by AGEs may be more resistant to enzymatic degradation, which further increases the local accumulation of AGEs in tissues. The aim of the present study was to analyze in vitro glycation of serum albumin in the presence of piracetam (PIR) and the gliclazide (GLZ)-glycated albumin interaction. The analysis of PIR as an inhibitor and GLZ interaction with nonglycated human albumin (HSA) and glycated by fructose human albumin (gHSAFRC), in the absence and presence of piracetam (gHSAFRC-PIR), was performed by fluorescence quenching of macromolecules. On the basis of obtained data we concluded that under the influence of glycation, association constant (Ka) of gliclazide to human serum albumin decreases and GLZ binds to HSA with less strength than under physiological conditions. PIR strongly inhibited the formation of AGEs in the system where the efficiency of HSA glycation was the largest. The analysis of piracetam influence on the GLZ-glycated albumin interaction has shown that piracetam increases the binding strength of GLZ to glycated albumin and weakens its therapeutic effect. Based on the obtained data we concluded that monitoring therapy and precautions are required in the treatment when the combinations of gliclazide and piracetam are used at the same time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnieszka Szkudlarek
- Department of Physical Pharmacy, Medical University; School of Pharmacy with the Division of Laboratory Medicine, 4, 41-200 Sosnowiec, Poland.
| | - Jadwiga Pożycka
- Department of Physical Pharmacy, Medical University; School of Pharmacy with the Division of Laboratory Medicine, 4, 41-200 Sosnowiec, Poland.
| | - Małgorzata Maciążek-Jurczyk
- Department of Physical Pharmacy, Medical University; School of Pharmacy with the Division of Laboratory Medicine, 4, 41-200 Sosnowiec, Poland.
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Protective effect of MAAs extracted from Porphyra tenera against UV irradiation-induced photoaging in mouse skin. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY B-BIOLOGY 2018; 192:26-33. [PMID: 30665147 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2018.12.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2018] [Revised: 11/30/2018] [Accepted: 12/10/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of Mycosporine-like amino acids (MAAs) extracted from Porphyra tenera skin against UV irradiation-induced photoaging using an ICR mouse model of skin photoaging and to explore the curative effects of the compounds in MAAs. The skin damage and collagenous tissue impairments induced by ultraviolet radiation were observed by histopathological analysis, and the effects of MAAs on protecting against skin damage and maintaining an intact structure of collagenous tissue were studied. The expression of NF-κB and the MAPK signaling pathway and nuclear transcription factors MMP-1, MMP-3 and TNF-α was analyzed used quantitative real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and ELISA assays. The results showed that the MAAs extracted from Porphyra tenera contained Porphyra-334 and shinorine, which could prevent skin photoaging induced by ultraviolet irradiation and reduce the damage to collagen and elastin. Meanwhile, MAAs significantly inhibited the decrease in hydroxyproline and collagen content and protected against pathological damage to collagen fibers in photoaging skin. MAAs resulted in a reduction in the expression of interstitial collagenase (MMP-1), matrix metalloproteinases (MMP-3) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and a reduction in the content of tissue matrix metalloproteinase (MMPs). Furthermore, MAAs may promote procollagen synthesis by downregulating the expression of TNF-α and downregulating the levels of MMPs, which demonstrates that MAAs are involved in matrix collagen synthesis by activating the NF-kB pathway in photoaging skin. Based on these results, we concluded that MAAs protect skin from UV irradiation-induced photodamage, and therefore, MAAs may be a potentially effective agent for the prevention of photoaging.
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Moeinian M, Abdolghaffari AH, Nikfar S, Momtaz S, Abdollahi M. Effects of alpha lipoic acid and its derivative "andrographolid-lipoic acid-1" on ulcerative colitis: A systematic review with meta-analysis of animal studies. J Cell Biochem 2018; 120:4766-4782. [PMID: 30362597 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.27807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2018] [Accepted: 09/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
We aimed to review and meta-analyze the inflammatory and oxidative factors following alpha lipoic acid (ALA) and its derivative "andrographolid-lipoic acid-1" (AL-1) in ulcerative colitis (UC). ALA plays an important role in scavenging intracellular radicals and inflammatory elements. AL-1 is found in herbal medicines with potent anti-inflammatory properties. Data were collected from the Google Scholar, PubMed, Scopus, Evidence-based medicine/clinical trials, and Cochrane library database until 2017, which finally resulted in 22 animal studies (70 rats and 162 mice). The beneficial effects of ALA or AL-1 on the most important parameters of UC were reviewed; also, studies were considered separately in mice and rats. Administration of ALA and AL-1 significantly reduced the tumor necrosis factor-α level compared with the controls, while data were not noteworthy in the meta-analysis (mean differences = -18.57 [95% CI = -42.65 to 5.51], P = 0.13). In spite of insignificant decrease in meta-analysis outcomes (differences = 6.92 [95% CI = -39.33 to 53.16], P = 0.77), a significant reduction in myeloperoxidase activity was shown following ALA or AL-1 treatment compared with the controls. Despite significant differences in each study, we had to exclude some studies to homogenize data for meta-analyzing as they showed insignificant results. Interleukin 6, cyclooxygenase-2, glutathione, malondialdehyde, superoxide dismutase, histopathological score, macroscopic and microscopic scores, disease activity index, body weight change, and colon length were also reviewed. Most studies have emphasized on significant positive effects of ALA and AL-1. Comprehensive clinical trials are obligatory to determine the precious position of ALA or AL-1 in the management of UC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahsa Moeinian
- Toxicology and Diseases Group, The Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (TIPS), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amir Hossein Abdolghaffari
- Toxicology and Diseases Group, The Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (TIPS), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Medicinal Plants Research Center, Institute of Medicinal Plants, ACECR, Karaj, Iran.,Gastrointestinal Pharmacology Interest Group (GPIG), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran
| | - Shekoufeh Nikfar
- Toxicology and Diseases Group, The Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (TIPS), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Pharmacoeconomics and Pharmaceutical Administration, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Saeideh Momtaz
- Toxicology and Diseases Group, The Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (TIPS), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Medicinal Plants Research Center, Institute of Medicinal Plants, ACECR, Karaj, Iran
| | - Mohammad Abdollahi
- Toxicology and Diseases Group, The Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (TIPS), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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30
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Skibiel AL, Peñagaricano F, Amorín R, Ahmed BM, Dahl GE, Laporta J. In Utero Heat Stress Alters the Offspring Epigenome. Sci Rep 2018; 8:14609. [PMID: 30279561 PMCID: PMC6168509 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-32975-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2018] [Accepted: 09/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Exposure to intrauterine heat stress during late gestation affects offspring performance into adulthood. However, underlying mechanistic links between thermal insult in fetal life and postnatal outcomes are not completely understood. We examined morphology, DNA methylation, and gene expression of liver and mammary gland for bull calves and heifers that were gestated under maternal conditions of heat stress or cooling (i.e. in utero heat stressed vs. in utero cooled calves). Mammary tissue was harvested from dairy heifers during their first lactation and liver from bull calves at birth. The liver of in utero heat stressed bull calves contained more cells and the mammary glands of in utero heat stressed heifers were comprised of smaller alveoli. We identified more than 1,500 CpG sites differently methylated between maternal treatment groups. These CpGs were associated with approximately 400 genes, which play a role in processes, such as development, innate immune defense, cell signaling, and transcription and translation. We also identified over 100 differentially expressed genes in the mammary gland with similar functions. Interestingly, fifty differentially methylated genes were shared by both bull calf liver and heifer mammary gland. Intrauterine heat stress alters the methylation profile of liver and mammary DNA and programs their morphology in postnatal life, which may contribute to the poorer performance of in utero heat stressed calves.
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Affiliation(s)
- A L Skibiel
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - F Peñagaricano
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA.,University of Florida Genetics Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - R Amorín
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - B M Ahmed
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - G E Dahl
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA.
| | - J Laporta
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA.
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Akbari M, Ostadmohammadi V, Lankarani KB, Tabrizi R, Kolahdooz F, Khatibi SR, Asemi Z. The effects of alpha-lipoic acid supplementation on glucose control and lipid profiles among patients with metabolic diseases: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Metabolism 2018; 87:56-69. [PMID: 29990473 DOI: 10.1016/j.metabol.2018.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2018] [Revised: 06/24/2018] [Accepted: 07/05/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) was performed to summarize the effect of alpha-lipoic acid (ALA) supplementation on glycemic control and lipid profiles among patients with metabolic diseases. METHODS We searched the following databases till October 2017: MEDLINE, EMBASE, Web of Science and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials. The relevant data were extracted and assessed for quality of the studies according to the Cochrane risk of bias tool. Data were pooled using the inverse variance method and expressed as standardized mean difference (SMD) with 95% confidence intervals (95% CI). Heterogeneity between studies was assessed by the Cochran Q statistic and I-squared tests (I2). Twenty-four studies were included in the meta-analyses. RESULTS The findings of this meta-analysis showed that ALA supplementation among patients with metabolic diseases significantly decreased fasting glucose (SMD -0.54; 95% CI, -0.89, -0.19; P = 0.003), insulin (SMD -1.01; 95% CI, -1.70, -0.31; P = 0.006), homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (SMD -0.76; 95% CI, -1.15, -0.36; P < 0.001) and hemoglobin A1c (SMD -1.22; 95% CI, -2.01, -0.44; P = 0.002), triglycerides (SMD -0.58; 95% CI, -1.00, -0.16; P = 0.006), total- (SMD -0.64; 95% CI, -1.01, -0.27; P = 0.001), low density lipoprotein-cholesterol (SMD -0.44; 95% CI, -0.76, -0.11; P = 0.008). We found no detrimental effect of ALA supplementation on high density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-cholesterol) levels (SMD 0.57; 95% CI, -0.14, 1.29; P = 0.11). CONCLUSIONS Overall, the current meta-analysis demonstrated that ALA administration may lead to an improvement in glucose homeostasis parameters and lipid profiles except HDL-cholesterol levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Akbari
- Health Policy Research Center, Institute of Health, Student Research Committee, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Vahidreza Ostadmohammadi
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, I.R., Iran
| | - Kamran B Lankarani
- Health Policy Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Reza Tabrizi
- Health Policy Research Center, Institute of Health, Student Research Committee, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Fariba Kolahdooz
- Indigenous and Global Health Research, Department of Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Seyed Reza Khatibi
- Torbat Heydariyeh University of Medical Sciences, Torbat Heydariyeh, Iran
| | - Zatollah Asemi
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, I.R., Iran.
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32
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Fahmy UA, Aljaeid BM. Tadalafil Transdermal Delivery with Alpha-lipoic Acid Self Nanoemulsion for Treatment of Erectile Dysfunction by Diabetes Mellitus. INT J PHARMACOL 2018. [DOI: 10.3923/ijp.2018.945.951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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33
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Liu JL, Fan YG, Yang ZS, Wang ZY, Guo C. Iron and Alzheimer's Disease: From Pathogenesis to Therapeutic Implications. Front Neurosci 2018; 12:632. [PMID: 30250423 PMCID: PMC6139360 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2018.00632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 174] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2018] [Accepted: 08/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
As people age, iron deposits in different areas of the brain may impair normal cognitive function and behavior. Abnormal iron metabolism generates hydroxyl radicals through the Fenton reaction, triggers oxidative stress reactions, damages cell lipids, protein and DNA structure and function, and ultimately leads to cell death. There is an imbalance in iron homeostasis in Alzheimer's disease (AD). Excessive iron contributes to the deposition of β-amyloid and the formation of neurofibrillary tangles, which in turn, promotes the development of AD. Therefore, iron-targeted therapeutic strategies have become a new direction. Iron chelators, such as desferoxamine, deferiprone, deferasirox, and clioquinol, have received a great deal of attention and have obtained good results in scientific experiments and some clinical trials. Given the limitations and side effects of the long-term application of traditional iron chelators, alpha-lipoic acid and lactoferrin, as self-synthesized naturally small molecules, have shown very intriguing biological activities in blocking Aβ-aggregation, tauopathy and neuronal damage. Despite a lack of evidence for any clinical benefits, the conjecture that therapeutic chelation, with a special focus on iron ions, is a valuable approach for treating AD remains widespread.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun-Lin Liu
- College of Life and Health Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yong-Gang Fan
- College of Life and Health Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang, China
| | - Zheng-Sheng Yang
- Department of Dermatology, First Hospital of Qinhuangdao, Qinhuangdao, China
| | - Zhan-You Wang
- College of Life and Health Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang, China.,Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology of Ministry of Education, Institute of Health Sciences, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Chuang Guo
- College of Life and Health Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang, China
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34
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Saboori S, Falahi E, Eslampour E, Zeinali Khosroshahi M, Yousefi Rad E. Effects of alpha-lipoic acid supplementation on C-reactive protein level: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled clinical trials. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2018; 28:779-786. [PMID: 29753588 DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2018.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2018] [Revised: 04/03/2018] [Accepted: 04/09/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM The aim of this meta-analysis was to assess effects of alpha-lipoic acid supplementation on C-reactive protein (CRP) levels in clinical trial studies. METHODS AND RESULTS A systematic search was carried out on clinical trial studies published in PubMed, ISI Web of Science, Cochrane Library and Scopus databases completed by manual search on reference list of eligible studies accomplished by November 4, 2017. Of a total number of 508 studies found in the first step of literature search, only 11 were included with 264 participants in supplementation groups and 287 in control groups. Estimated pooled random effects size analysis showed a significant reducing effect of alpha-lipoic acid supplementation on CRP level (-0.72 mg/l, 95% CI; -1.4, -0.04; P = 0.03) with a significant heterogeneity between the selected studies. Sub-group analysis showed that alpha-lipoic acid supplementation could significantly reduce serum CRP level when the baseline CRP level was greater than 3 mg/l (-1.02 mg/l, 95% CI: -1.3, -0.73) and when trial duration was >8 weeks (-0.99 mg/l, 95% CI: -1.29, -0.70). Results of subgroup analysis also showed that alpha lipoic acid supplementation could decrease CRP level only in non-diabetic patients (-1.02 mg/l, 95% CI: -1.31, -0.74). CONCLUSIONS Results of the current meta-analysis study showed that alpha-lipoic acid supplementation could significantly decrease CRP level in patients with elevated levels of this inflammatory marker.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Saboori
- Nutritional Health Research Center, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran
| | - E Falahi
- Nutritional Health Research Center, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran
| | - E Eslampour
- Student Research Committee, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran
| | - M Zeinali Khosroshahi
- Student Research Committee, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran
| | - E Yousefi Rad
- Nutritional Health Research Center, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran.
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35
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Akbari M, Ostadmohammadi V, Tabrizi R, Mobini M, Lankarani KB, Moosazadeh M, Heydari ST, Chamani M, Kolahdooz F, Asemi Z. The effects of alpha-lipoic acid supplementation on inflammatory markers among patients with metabolic syndrome and related disorders: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Nutr Metab (Lond) 2018; 15:39. [PMID: 29930690 PMCID: PMC5989440 DOI: 10.1186/s12986-018-0274-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2018] [Accepted: 05/01/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective This systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) was conducted to determine the effect of alpha-lipoic acid (ALA) supplementation on the inflammatory markers among patients with metabolic syndrome (MetS) and related disorders. Methods We searched the following databases until November 2017: PubMed, MEDLINE, EMBASE, Web of Science, and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials. Three reviewers independently assessed study eligibility, extracted data, and evaluated risk of bias of included primary studies. Statistical heterogeneity was assessed using Cochran's Q test and I-square (I2) statistic. Data were pooled by using the random-effect model and standardized mean difference (SMD) was considered as the summary effect size. Results Eighteen trials out of 912 potential citations were found to be eligible for our meta-analysis. The findings indicated that ALA supplementation significantly decreased C-reactive protein (CRP) (SMD = - 1.52; 95% CI, - 2.25, - 0.80; P < 0.001), interlokin-6 (IL-6) (SMD = - 1.96; 95% CI, - 2.60, - 1.32; P < 0.001), and tumor necrosis factor alpha levels (TNF-α) (SMD = - 2.62; 95% CI, - 3.70, - 1.55; P < 0.001) in patients diagnosed with metabolic diseases. Conclusion In summary, the current meta-analysis demonstrated the promising impact of ALA administration on decreasing inflammatory markers such as CRP, IL-6 and TNF-α among patients with MetS and related disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Akbari
- 1Health Policy Research Center, Institute of Health, Student Research Committee, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Vahidreza Ostadmohammadi
- 2Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, I.R Iran
| | - Reza Tabrizi
- 1Health Policy Research Center, Institute of Health, Student Research Committee, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Moein Mobini
- 3Kinesiology Department, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB Canada
| | - Kamran B Lankarani
- 4Health Policy Research Center, Institute of Health, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Mahmood Moosazadeh
- 5Health Science Research Center, Addiction Institute, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Seyed Taghi Heydari
- 4Health Policy Research Center, Institute of Health, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Maryam Chamani
- 6Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fariba Kolahdooz
- 7Indigenous and Global Health Research, Department of Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Zatollah Asemi
- 2Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, I.R Iran
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Ghelani H, Razmovski-Naumovski V, Pragada RR, Nammi S. Attenuation of Glucose-Induced Myoglobin Glycation and the Formation of Advanced Glycation End Products (AGEs) by (R)-α-Lipoic Acid In Vitro. Biomolecules 2018; 8:biom8010009. [PMID: 29419812 PMCID: PMC5871978 DOI: 10.3390/biom8010009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2017] [Revised: 01/26/2018] [Accepted: 02/01/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
High-carbohydrate containing diets have become a precursor to glucose-mediated protein glycation which has been linked to an increase in diabetic and cardiovascular complications. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the protective effect of (R)-α-lipoic acid (ALA) against glucose-induced myoglobin glycation and the formation of advanced glycation end products (AGEs) in vitro. Methods: The effect of ALA on myoglobin glycation was determined via the formation of AGEs fluorescence intensity, iron released from the heme moiety of myoglobin and the level of fructosamine. The extent of glycation-induced myoglobin oxidation was measured via the levels of protein carbonyl and thiol. Results: The results showed that the co-incubation of ALA (1, 2 and 4 mM) with myoglobin (1 mg/mL) and glucose (1 M) significantly decreased the levels of fructosamine, which is directly associated with the decrease in the formation of AGEs. Furthermore, ALA significantly reduced the release of free iron from myoglobin which is attributed to the protection of myoglobin from glucose-induced glycation. The results also demonstrated a significant protective effect of ALA on myoglobin from oxidative damage, as seen from the decreased protein carbonyls and increased protein thiols. Conclusion: The anti-glycation properties of ALA suggest that ALA supplementation may be beneficial in the prevention of AGEs-mediated diabetic and cardiovascular complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hardik Ghelani
- School of Science and Health, Western Sydney University, Sydney, NSW 2751, Australia.
- National Institute of Complementary Medicine (NICM), Western Sydney University, Sydney, NSW 2751, Australia.
| | - Valentina Razmovski-Naumovski
- School of Science and Health, Western Sydney University, Sydney, NSW 2751, Australia.
- National Institute of Complementary Medicine (NICM), Western Sydney University, Sydney, NSW 2751, Australia.
- South Western Sydney Clinical School, School of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia.
| | - Rajeswara Rao Pragada
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Andhra University, Visakhapatnam 530003, Andhra Pradesh, India.
| | - Srinivas Nammi
- School of Science and Health, Western Sydney University, Sydney, NSW 2751, Australia.
- National Institute of Complementary Medicine (NICM), Western Sydney University, Sydney, NSW 2751, Australia.
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Ghelani H, Razmovski-Naumovski V, Pragada RR, Nammi S. (R)-α-Lipoic acid inhibits fructose-induced myoglobin fructation and the formation of advanced glycation end products (AGEs) in vitro. Altern Ther Health Med 2018; 18:13. [PMID: 29334926 PMCID: PMC5769525 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-017-2076-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2017] [Accepted: 12/29/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Background Fructose-mediated protein glycation (fructation) has been linked to an increase in diabetic and cardiovascular complications due to over consumption of high-fructose containing diets in recent times. The objective of the present study is to evaluate the protective effect of (R)-α-lipoic acid (ALA) against fructose-induced myoglobin fructation and the formation of advanced glycation end products (AGEs) in vitro. Methods The anti-glycation activity of ALA was determined using the formation of AGEs fluorescence intensity, iron released from the heme moiety of myoglobin and the level of fructosamine. The fructation-induced myoglobin oxidation was examined using the level of protein carbonyl content and thiol group estimation. Results The results showed that co-incubation of myoglobin (1 mg/mL), fructose (1 M) and ALA (1, 2 and 4 mM) significantly inhibited the formation of AGEs during the 30 day study period. ALA markedly decreased the levels of fructosamine, which is directly associated with the reduction of AGEs formation. Furthermore, ALA significantly reduced free iron release from myoglobin which is attributed to the protection of myoglobin from fructose-induced glycation. The results also demonstrated a significant protective effect of ALA on myoglobin oxidative damages, as seen from decreased protein carbonyl content and increased protein thiols. Conclusion These findings provide new insights into the anti-glycation properties of ALA and emphasize that ALA supplementation is beneficial in the prevention of AGEs-mediated diabetic and cardiovascular complications.
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Phagocytosis of Advanced Glycation End Products (AGEs) in Macrophages Induces Cell Apoptosis. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2017; 2017:8419035. [PMID: 29430285 PMCID: PMC5752849 DOI: 10.1155/2017/8419035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2017] [Revised: 11/15/2017] [Accepted: 11/22/2017] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Advanced glycation end products (AGEs) are the products of a series of nonenzymatic modifications of proteins by reducing sugars. AGEs play a pivotal role in development of diabetic complications and atherosclerosis. Accumulation of AGEs in a vessel wall may contribute to the development of vascular lesions. Although AGEs have a diverse range of bioactivities, the clearance process of AGEs from the extracellular space, including the incorporation of AGEs into specific cells, subcellular localization, and the fate of AGEs, remains unclear. In the present study, we examined the kinetics of the uptake of AGEs by mouse macrophage J774.1 cells in vitro and characterized the process. We demonstrated that AGEs bound to the surface of the cells and were also incorporated into the cytoplasm. The temperature- and time-dependent uptake of AGEs was saturable with AGE concentration and was inhibited by cytochalasin D but not chlorpromazine. We also observed the granule-like appearance of AGE immunoreactivity in subcellular localizations in macrophages. Higher concentrations of AGEs induced intracellular ROS and 4-HNE, which were associated with activation of the NF-κB pathway and caspase-3. These results suggest that incorporation of AGEs occurred actively by endocytosis in macrophages, leading to apoptosis of these cells through NF-κB activation.
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Zhao H, Bu M, Li B, Zhang Y. Lipoic acid inhibited desflurane-induced hippocampal neuronal apoptosis through Caspase3 and NF-KappaB dependent pathway. Tissue Cell 2017; 50:37-42. [PMID: 29429516 DOI: 10.1016/j.tice.2017.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2017] [Revised: 11/19/2017] [Accepted: 12/01/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Desfluraneis a widely-used general anesthetics. However, recent reports showed its significant side effect in the nervous system. Desflurane could lead to the neuronal death and affect the working memory. Unfortunately, the mechanism underlying the action of desflurane is still not clear and there is still no potent medicine to prevent the lesion in the central nervous system caused by general anesthetics. In this study, we found α-lipoic acid, an antioxidant exerting protective effect on multiple cells tissues, could resist the neurotoxicity caused by desflurane exposure. Lipoic acid possessed strong anti-apoptotic effect on the desflurane-treated hippocampal neurons, which was mediated by the Caspase-3 dependent pathway and NF-kappaB signaling. Collectively, we found a promising candidate to be clinically applied in intervention against the damage in nervous system by the desflurane.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Zhao
- Galactophore Department, The Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Jinan City, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Meimei Bu
- Anesthesia Department, The Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Jinan City, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Binglu Li
- Pharmacy Department, The Infectious Diseases Hospital of Jinan City, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Yong Zhang
- Galactophore Department, The Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Jinan City, Jinan, Shandong, China.
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Deficiency of the Purinergic Receptor 2X 7 Attenuates Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis Induced by High-Fat Diet: Possible Role of the NLRP3 Inflammasome. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2017; 2017:8962458. [PMID: 29270247 PMCID: PMC5705892 DOI: 10.1155/2017/8962458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2017] [Revised: 10/02/2017] [Accepted: 10/12/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Molecular mechanisms driving transition from simple steatosis to nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), a critical step in the progression of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) to cirrhosis, are poorly defined. This study aimed at investigating the role of the purinergic receptor 2X7 (PR2X7), through the NLRP3 inflammasome, in the development of NASH. To this end, mice knockout for the Pr2x7 gene (Pr2x7−/−) and coeval wild-type (WT) mice were fed a high-fat diet (HFD) or normal-fat diet for 16 weeks. NAFLD grade and stage were lower in Pr2x7−/− than WT mice, and only 1/7 Pr2x7−/− animals showed evidence of NASH, as compared with 4/7 WT mice. Molecular markers of inflammation, oxidative stress, and fibrosis were markedly increased in WT-HFD mice, whereas no or significantly reduced increments were detected in Pr2x7−/− animals, which showed also decreased modulation of genes of lipid metabolism. Deletion of Pr2x7 gene was associated with blunted or abolished activation of NLRP3 inflammasome and expression of its components, which were induced in liver sinusoidal endothelial cells challenged with appropriate stimuli. These data show that Pr2x7 gene deletion protects mice from HFD-induced NASH, possibly through blunted activation of NLRP3 inflammasome, suggesting that PR2X7 and NLRP3 may represent novel therapeutic targets.
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The Role of Age-Related Intimal Remodeling and Stiffening in Atherosclerosis. ADVANCES IN PHARMACOLOGY (SAN DIEGO, CALIF.) 2017; 81:365-391. [PMID: 29310802 DOI: 10.1016/bs.apha.2017.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Age-related vascular stiffening is closely associated with cardiovascular risk. The clinical measure of arterial stiffness, pulse wave velocity, reflects bulk structural changes in the media observed with age, but does not reflect intimal remodeling that also drives atherosclerosis. Endothelial barrier integrity is disrupted during early atherogenesis and is regulated by the mechanics and composition of the underlying intima, which undergoes significant atherogenic remodeling in response to age and hemodynamics. Here, we first review the best characterized of these changes, including physiological intimal thickening throughout the arterial tree, fibronectin and collagen deposition, and collagen cross-linking. We then address the most common in vivo and in vitro models used to gain mechanistic insight into the consequences of intimal remodeling. Finally, we consider the impacts of intimal stiffening upon endothelial cell mechanotransduction with emphasis on the emerging impact of increased complexity in cellular traction forces and substrate rigidity upon endothelial barrier integrity.
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Alpha-lipoic acid attenuates acute neuroinflammation and long-term cognitive impairment after polymicrobial sepsis. Neurochem Int 2017; 108:436-447. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2017.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2017] [Revised: 05/31/2017] [Accepted: 06/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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Methylglyoxal and Advanced Glycation End products: Insight of the regulatory machinery affecting the myogenic program and of its modulation by natural compounds. Sci Rep 2017; 7:5916. [PMID: 28725008 PMCID: PMC5517486 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-06067-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2017] [Accepted: 06/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Methylglyoxal (MG) is a reactive dicarbonyl intermediate and a precursor of advanced glycation end products (AGEs). The authors investigated the role played by AGEs in muscle myopathy and the amelioration of its effects by curcumin and gingerol. In addition to producing phenotypical changes, MG increased oxidative stress and reduced myotube formation in C2C12 cells. RAGE (receptor for AGEs) expression was up-regulated and MYOD and myogenin (MYOG) expressions were concomitantly down-regulated in MG-treated cells. Interestingly, AGE levels were higher in plasma (~32 fold) and muscle (~26 fold) of diabetic mice than in control mice. RAGE knock-down (RAGEkd) reduced the expressions of MYOD and MYOG and myotube formation in C2C12 cells. In silico studies of interactions between curcumin or gingerol and myostatin (MSTN; an inhibitor of myogenesis) and their observed affinities for activin receptor type IIB (ACVRIIB) suggested curcumin and gingerol reduce the interaction between MSTN and ACVRIIB. The findings of this study suggest enhanced AGE production and subsequent RAGE-AGE interaction obstruct the muscle development program, and that curcumin and gingerol attenuate the effect of AGEs on myoblasts.
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Vellai RD, Chandiran S, Pillai SS. GTF-231, a Mixture of Gymnemic Acid, Trigonelline and Ferulic Acid Significantly Ameliorates Oxidative Stress in Experimental Type 2 Diabetes in Rats. Can J Diabetes 2017; 42:237-244. [PMID: 28728928 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcjd.2017.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2016] [Revised: 04/05/2017] [Accepted: 05/23/2017] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES According to a report by the United States National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, nearly 60% of patients with diabetes have more than one complication caused by chronic diabetes. Type 2 diabetes is a multifactorial metabolic disorder that accounts for more than 95% of people with diabetes and usually requires multitargeted therapeutic interventions. It arises due to insufficient insulin secretion or its action or both. Recently, we reported that the oral administration of gymnemic acid, trigonelline and ferulic acid in the ratio of 2:3:1 (GTF-231), a mixture of 3 phytoingredients at a concentration of 300 mg/kg body weight significantly improved the glucose homeostasis in rats with low-dose streptozotocin-induced type 2 diabetes that were fed with high-fat diet. METHODS In the present study, an effort was made to evaluate the antioxidant potential of GTF-231 in rats with type 2 diabetes. Type 2 diabetes was induced in experimental rats by administration of low-dose streptozotocin (35 mg/kg body weight) and high-fat diet. The biochemical parameters analyzed included levels of fasting blood glucose, glycated hemoglobin, plasma insulin, homeostatic model assessment-insulin resistance, homeostatic model assessment beta-cell function, advanced glycation end products, advanced oxidation protein products, hydroperoxides, malondialdehyde and enzymatic as well as nonenzymatic antioxidants and proinflammatory cytokines, such as tumor necrosis factor-alpha, interleukin 1 beta, interleukin-6, nuclear factor-κB and nitric oxide. Histologic observations were made on the pancreatic tissues. RESULTS The data obtained showed the significant antioxidant properties of GTF-231, which were further evidenced by the histologic observations made on the pancreatic tissue. CONCLUSIONS The observed antioxidant potential of GTF-231 may account for its significant antidiabetic properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roshana Devi Vellai
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Madras, Guindy Campus, Chennai, India
| | - Sharmila Chandiran
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Madras, Guindy Campus, Chennai, India
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Biochemical and clinical relevance of alpha lipoic acid: antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity, molecular pathways and therapeutic potential. Inflamm Res 2017; 66:947-959. [PMID: 28676917 DOI: 10.1007/s00011-017-1079-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 130] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2017] [Revised: 06/20/2017] [Accepted: 06/27/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The molecular nature of lipoic acid (LA) clarifies its capability of taking part to a variety of biochemical reactions where redox state is meaningful. The pivotal action of LA is the antioxidant activity due to its ability to scavenge and inactivate free radicals. Furthermore, LA has been shown to chelate toxic metals both directly and indirectly by its capability to enhance intracellular glutathione (GSH) levels. This last property is due to its ability to interact with GSH and recycle endogenous GSH. LA exhibits significant antioxidant activity protecting against oxidative damage in several diseases, including neurodegenerative disorders. Interestingly, LA is unique among natural antioxidants for its capability to satisfy a lot of requirements, making it a potentially highly effective therapeutic agent for many conditions related with oxidative damage. In particular, there are evidences showing that LA has therapeutic activity in lowering glucose levels in diabetic conditions. Similarly, LA supplementation has multiple beneficial effects on the regression of the mitochondrial function and on oxidative stress associated with several diseases and aging. AIM The aim of the present review is to describe the molecular mechanisms underlying the beneficial effects of LA under various experimental conditions and disease and how to exploit such effect for clinical purposes. CONCLUSION LA has pleiotropic effects in different pathways related with several diseases, its use as a potential therapeutic agent is very promising.
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Hwang AR, Han JH, Lim JH, Kang YJ, Woo CH. Fluvastatin inhibits AGE-induced cell proliferation and migration via an ERK5-dependent Nrf2 pathway in vascular smooth muscle cells. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0178278. [PMID: 28542559 PMCID: PMC5439952 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0178278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2016] [Accepted: 05/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Advanced glycation endproduct (AGE)-induced vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) proliferation and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production are emerging as important mechanisms of diabetic vasculopathy, but little is known about the molecular mechanism responsible for the antioxidative effects of statins on AGEs. It has been reported that statins exert pleiotropic effects on the cardiovascular system due to decreases in AGE-induced cell proliferation, migration, and vascular inflammation. Thus, in the present study, the authors investigated the molecular mechanism by which statins decrease AGE-induced cell proliferation and VSMC migration. In cultured VSMCs, statins upregulated Nrf2-related antioxidant gene, NQO1 and HO-1, via an ERK5-dependent Nrf2 pathway. Inhibition of ERK5 by siRNA or BIX02189 (a specific ERK5 inhibitor) reduced the statin-induced upregulations of Nrf2, NQO1, and HO-1. Furthermore, fluvastatin was found to significantly increase ARE promoter activity through ERK5 signaling, and to inhibit AGE-induced VSMC proliferation and migration as determined by MTT assay, cell counting, FACS analysis, a wound scratch assay, and a migration chamber assay. In addition, AGE-induced proliferation was diminished in the presence of Ad-CA-MEK5α encoding a constitutively active mutant form of MEK5α (an upstream kinase of ERK5), whereas depletion of Nrf2 restored statin-mediated reduction of AGE-induced cell proliferation. Moreover, fluvastatin suppressed the protein expressions of cyclin D1 and Cdk4, but induced p27, and blocked VSMC proliferation by regulating cell cycle. These results suggest statin-induced activation of an ERK5-dependent Nrf2 pathway reduces VSMC proliferation and migration induced by AGEs, and that the ERK5-Nrf2 signal module be viewed as a potential therapeutic target of vasculopathy in patients with diabetes and complications of the disease.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Anticholesteremic Agents/pharmacology
- Apoptosis/drug effects
- Cell Movement/drug effects
- Cell Proliferation/drug effects
- Cells, Cultured
- Fatty Acids, Monounsaturated/pharmacology
- Fluvastatin
- Gene Expression Regulation/drug effects
- Glycation End Products, Advanced/pharmacology
- Indoles/pharmacology
- Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 7/genetics
- Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 7/metabolism
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/drug effects
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/metabolism
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/pathology
- NF-E2-Related Factor 2/genetics
- NF-E2-Related Factor 2/metabolism
- Rats
- Rats, Sprague-Dawley
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Affiliation(s)
- Ae-Rang Hwang
- Department of Pharmacology, Yeungnam University College of Medicine, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung-Hwa Han
- Department of Pharmacology, Yeungnam University College of Medicine, Daegu, Republic of Korea
- Smart-Aging Convergence Research Center, Yeungnam University College of Medicine, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Hyang Lim
- Department of Microbiology, Ewha Womans University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Jin Kang
- Department of Pharmacology, Yeungnam University College of Medicine, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang-Hoon Woo
- Department of Pharmacology, Yeungnam University College of Medicine, Daegu, Republic of Korea
- Smart-Aging Convergence Research Center, Yeungnam University College of Medicine, Daegu, Republic of Korea
- * E-mail:
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Schmoch T, Uhle F, Siegler BH, Fleming T, Morgenstern J, Nawroth PP, Weigand MA, Brenner T. The Glyoxalase System and Methylglyoxal-Derived Carbonyl Stress in Sepsis: Glycotoxic Aspects of Sepsis Pathophysiology. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:E657. [PMID: 28304355 PMCID: PMC5372669 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18030657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2017] [Revised: 03/08/2017] [Accepted: 03/14/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Sepsis remains one of the leading causes of death in intensive care units. Although sepsis is caused by a viral, fungal or bacterial infection, it is the dysregulated generalized host response that ultimately leads to severe dysfunction of multiple organs and death. The concomitant profound metabolic changes are characterized by hyperglycemia, insulin resistance, and profound transformations of the intracellular energy supply in both peripheral and immune cells. A further hallmark of the early phases of sepsis is a massive formation of reactive oxygen (ROS; e.g., superoxide) as well as nitrogen (RNS; e.g., nitric oxide) species. Reactive carbonyl species (RCS) form a third crucial group of highly reactive metabolites, which until today have been not the focus of interest in sepsis. However, we previously showed in a prospective observational clinical trial that patients suffering from septic shock are characterized by significant methylglyoxal (MG)-derived carbonyl stress, with the glyoxalase system being downregulated in peripheral blood mononuclear cells. In this review, we give a detailed insight into the current state of research regarding the metabolic changes that entail an increased MG-production in septicemia. Thus, we point out the special role of the glyoxalase system in the context of sepsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Schmoch
- Department of Anesthesiology, Heidelberg University Hospital, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
| | - Florian Uhle
- Department of Anesthesiology, Heidelberg University Hospital, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
| | - Benedikt H Siegler
- Department of Anesthesiology, Heidelberg University Hospital, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
| | - Thomas Fleming
- Department of Medicine I and Clinical Chemistry, Heidelberg University Hospital, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
| | - Jakob Morgenstern
- Department of Medicine I and Clinical Chemistry, Heidelberg University Hospital, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
| | - Peter P Nawroth
- Department of Medicine I and Clinical Chemistry, Heidelberg University Hospital, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
| | - Markus A Weigand
- Department of Anesthesiology, Heidelberg University Hospital, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
| | - Thorsten Brenner
- Department of Anesthesiology, Heidelberg University Hospital, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
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Lipoic Acid Exerts Antioxidant and Anti-inflammatory Effects in Response to Heat Shock in C2C12 Myotubes. Inflammation 2017; 39:1160-8. [PMID: 27086282 DOI: 10.1007/s10753-016-0350-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
This study explored that lipoic acid treatment for 24 h significantly upregulated and promoted heat shock-induced catalase expression and downregulated GPx1 messenger RNA (mRNA) expression, indicating that lipoic acid exhibits antioxidant activity in the decomposition of hydrogen peroxide by upregulating catalase expression. Moreover, lipoic acid treatment for 3 h increased and promoted heat shock-induced interleukin (IL)-6 mRNA and protein levels and that for 24 h downregulated IL-6 mRNA expression, suggesting a dual effect of lipoic acid on IL-6 regulation. Lipoic acid alone failed to increase or reduce tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α mRNA and protein levels, whereas heat shock alone downregulated TNF-α mRNA and protein expression. These data suggest that lipoic acid does not have a proinflammatory role and that heat shock acts as an anti-inflammatory agent by downregulating TNF-α expression in C2C12 myotubes. Moreover, lipoic acid or heat shock alone upregulated the IL-6 receptor (IL-6R-α) and glycoprotein 130 (gp130) mRNA expression followed by IL-6 expression; these data indicate that the regulation of lipoic acid or heat shock is mediated by IL-6R signaling, thus suggesting that C2C12 myotubes possesses a mechanism for regulating IL-6R and gp130 expression following lipoic acid treatment or heat shock.
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Bär L, Wächter K, Wege N, Navarrete Santos A, Simm A, Föller M. Advanced glycation end products stimulate gene expression of fibroblast growth factor 23. Mol Nutr Food Res 2017; 61. [PMID: 28130827 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.201601019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2016] [Revised: 12/20/2016] [Accepted: 12/22/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
SCOPE Osteoblasts produce fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23), a hormone inhibiting renal phosphate reabsorption and the formation of biologically active vitamin D, calcitriol. FGF23-deficient mice age rapidly and develop age-associated diseases at least in part due to massive calcification. Elevated FGF23 serum levels are detected in patients suffering from acute and chronic renal, cardiovascular, inflammatory, and metabolic diseases. Advanced glycation end products (AGEs) are sugar-modified proteins, nucleic acid, and lipids which contribute to these disorders. Here, we studied the significance of AGEs for the generation of FGF23. METHODS AND RESULTS As AGE sources, bread crust extract (BCE) and ribose-modified bovine serum albumin (r-BSA) were used. UMR106 osteoblast-like cells were exposed to BCE and r-BSA, and Fgf23 transcripts were determined by qRT-PCR. UMR106 cells express the receptor for AGEs, RAGE. BCE and r-BSA were powerful stimulators of Fgf23 transcription. NFκB inhibitor wogonin and store-operated calcium entry (SOCE) antagonist 2-APB attenuated the r-BSA and BCE effects on FGF23 synthesis. CONCLUSION Sources of AGEs induce the transcription of Fgf23 in UMR cells. At least in part, the effect is mediated through up-regulation of NFκB and subsequent SOCE. AGE-induced FGF23 production may contribute to increased FGF23 serum levels observed in chronic disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ludmilla Bär
- Institute of Agricultural and Nutritional Sciences, Martin-Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Kristin Wächter
- Department of Heart Surgery, Martin-Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Nicole Wege
- Department of Heart Surgery, Martin-Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | | | - Andreas Simm
- Department of Heart Surgery, Martin-Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Michael Föller
- Institute of Agricultural and Nutritional Sciences, Martin-Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany
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Byun K, Yoo Y, Son M, Lee J, Jeong GB, Park YM, Salekdeh GH, Lee B. Advanced glycation end-products produced systemically and by macrophages: A common contributor to inflammation and degenerative diseases. Pharmacol Ther 2017; 177:44-55. [PMID: 28223234 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2017.02.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 210] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Advanced glycation end products (AGEs) and their receptor have been implicated in the progressions of many intractable diseases, such as diabetes and atherosclerosis, and are also critical for pathologic changes in chronic degenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and alcoholic brain damage. Recently activated macrophages were found to be a source of AGEs, and the most abundant form of AGEs, AGE-albumin excreted by macrophages has been implicated in these diseases and to act through common pathways. AGEs inhibition has been shown to prevent the pathogenesis of AGEs-related diseases in human, and therapeutic advances have resulted in several agents that prevent their adverse effects. Recently, anti-inflammatory molecules that inhibit AGEs have been shown to be good candidates for ameliorating diabetic complications as well as degenerative diseases. This review was undertaken to present, discuss, and clarify current understanding regarding AGEs formation in association with macrophages, different diseases, therapeutic and diagnostic strategy and links with RAGE inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyunghee Byun
- Center for Genomics and Proteomics, Lee Gil Ya Cancer and Diabetes Institute, Gachon University, Incheon 406-840, Republic of Korea; Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Gachon University Graduate School of Medicine, Incheon 406-799, Republic of Korea
| | - YongCheol Yoo
- Center for Cognition and Sociality, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 305-811, Republic of Korea
| | - Myeongjoo Son
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Gachon University Graduate School of Medicine, Incheon 406-799, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaesuk Lee
- Center for Genomics and Proteomics, Lee Gil Ya Cancer and Diabetes Institute, Gachon University, Incheon 406-840, Republic of Korea
| | - Goo-Bo Jeong
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Gachon University Graduate School of Medicine, Incheon 406-799, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Mok Park
- Center for Cognition and Sociality, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 305-811, Republic of Korea.
| | - Ghasem Hosseini Salekdeh
- Department of Molecular Systems Biology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Bonghee Lee
- Center for Genomics and Proteomics, Lee Gil Ya Cancer and Diabetes Institute, Gachon University, Incheon 406-840, Republic of Korea; Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Gachon University Graduate School of Medicine, Incheon 406-799, Republic of Korea.
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