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Alshuweishi Y, Abudawood A, Alfayez D, Almufarrih AA, Alanazi F, Alshuweishi FA, Almuqrin AM. Platelet/High-Density Lipoprotein Ratio (PHR) Predicts Type 2 Diabetes in Obese Patients: A Retrospective Study. Healthcare (Basel) 2024; 12:1540. [PMID: 39120243 PMCID: PMC11311744 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare12151540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2024] [Revised: 07/27/2024] [Accepted: 07/31/2024] [Indexed: 08/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Background: Obesity and type 2 diabetes (T2D) pose global health problems that continue to rise. A chronic low-grade inflammation and activation of the immune system are well established in both conditions. The presence of these factors can predict disease development and progression. Emerging evidence suggests that platelet-high density lipoprotein ratio (PHR) is a potential inflammatory marker. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between PHR and T2D among obese patients. Methods: 203 patients with BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2 participated in the study. Patients were categorized into two groups: non-diabetic obese and diabetic obese. Comorbidities, baseline characteristics, laboratory data, as well as PHR levels of the study groups were analyzed. Medians, risk assessment, and the diagnostic performance of PHR values were examined in both groups. Results: In obese patients, the median PHR were significantly increased in obese patients with T2D compared to non-diabetic obese (p < 0.0001). Furthermore, T2D obese with high PHR had a significantly higher FBG and HbA1c (p < 0.05). Although PHR was weakly yet significantly correlated with glycemic markers, ROC curve analysis of the PHR indicated an AUC of 0.700 (p < 0.0001) in predicting T2D in obese patients, and the cutoff value was 6.96, with a sensitivity and specificity of 53.4% and 76.1%, respectively. Moreover, increased PHR (OR = 4.77, p < 0.0001) carried a significantly higher risk for developing T2D in obese individuals. Conclusions: The PHR is a convenient and cost-effective marker that can reliably predict the presence of T2D in high-risk obese population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yazeed Alshuweishi
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 12372, Saudi Arabia; (F.A.); (A.M.A.)
| | - Arwa Abudawood
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, Prince Sultan Military Medical City, Riyadh 11159, Saudi Arabia; (A.A.); (D.A.); (A.A.A.)
| | - Dalal Alfayez
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, Prince Sultan Military Medical City, Riyadh 11159, Saudi Arabia; (A.A.); (D.A.); (A.A.A.)
| | - Abdulmalik A. Almufarrih
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, Prince Sultan Military Medical City, Riyadh 11159, Saudi Arabia; (A.A.); (D.A.); (A.A.A.)
| | - Fuad Alanazi
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 12372, Saudi Arabia; (F.A.); (A.M.A.)
| | - Fahd A. Alshuweishi
- King Fahad Kidney Center, King Saud Medical City, Riyadh 12746, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Abdulaziz M. Almuqrin
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 12372, Saudi Arabia; (F.A.); (A.M.A.)
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2
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Huneault HE, Chen CY, Cohen CC, Liu X, Jarrell ZR, He Z, DeSantos KE, Welsh JA, Maner-Smith KM, Ortlund EA, Schwimmer JB, Vos MB. Lipidome Changes Associated with a Diet-Induced Reduction in Hepatic Fat among Adolescent Boys with Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease. Metabolites 2024; 14:191. [PMID: 38668319 PMCID: PMC11052520 DOI: 10.3390/metabo14040191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2024] [Revised: 03/21/2024] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Little is known about lipid changes that occur in the setting of metabolic-dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) regression. We previously reported improvements in hepatic steatosis, de novo lipogenesis (DNL), and metabolomic profiles associated with oxidative stress, inflammation, and selected lipid metabolism in 40 adolescent boys (11-16 y) with hepatic steatosis ≥5% (98% meeting the definition of MASLD). Participants were randomized to a low-free-sugar diet (LFSD) (n = 20) or usual diet (n = 20) for 8 weeks. Here, we employed untargeted/targeted lipidomics to examine lipid adaptations associated with the LFSD and improvement of hepatic steatosis. Our LC-MS/MS analysis revealed decreased triglycerides (TGs), diacylglycerols (DGs), cholesteryl esters (ChE), lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC), and phosphatidylcholine (PC) species with the diet intervention (p < 0.05). Network analysis demonstrated significantly lower levels of palmitate-enriched TG species post-intervention, mirroring the previously shown reduction in DNL in response to the LFSD. Targeted oxylipins analysis revealed a decrease in the abundance of 8-isoprostane and 14,15-DiHET and an increase in 8,9-DiHET (p < 0.05). Overall, we observed reductions in TGs, DGs, ChE, PC, and LPC species among participants in the LFSD group. These same lipids have been associated with MASLD progression; therefore, our findings may indicate normalization of key biological processes, including lipid metabolism, insulin resistance, and lipotoxicity. Additionally, our targeted oxylipins assay revealed novel changes in eicosanoids, suggesting improvements in oxidative stress. Future studies are needed to elucidate the mechanisms of these findings and prospects of these lipids as biomarkers of MASLD regression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helaina E. Huneault
- Nutrition & Health Sciences Doctoral Program, Laney Graduate School, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA; (J.A.W.); (M.B.V.)
| | - Chih-Yu Chen
- Department of Biochemistry, Emory School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA; (C.-Y.C.); (X.L.); (E.A.O.)
| | - Catherine C. Cohen
- Section of Nutrition, Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA; (C.C.C.); (K.M.M.-S.)
| | - Xueyun Liu
- Department of Biochemistry, Emory School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA; (C.-Y.C.); (X.L.); (E.A.O.)
| | - Zachery R. Jarrell
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA;
| | - Zhulin He
- Pediatric Biostatistics Core, Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA;
| | - Karla E. DeSantos
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Department of Pediatrics, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA;
- Children’s Healthcare of Atlanta, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Jean A. Welsh
- Nutrition & Health Sciences Doctoral Program, Laney Graduate School, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA; (J.A.W.); (M.B.V.)
- Children’s Healthcare of Atlanta, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Kristal M. Maner-Smith
- Section of Nutrition, Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA; (C.C.C.); (K.M.M.-S.)
| | - Eric A. Ortlund
- Department of Biochemistry, Emory School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA; (C.-Y.C.); (X.L.); (E.A.O.)
| | - Jeffrey B. Schwimmer
- Department of Gastroenterology, Rady Children’s Hospital San Diego, San Diego, CA 92123, USA;
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, CA 92093, USA
| | - Miriam B. Vos
- Nutrition & Health Sciences Doctoral Program, Laney Graduate School, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA; (J.A.W.); (M.B.V.)
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Department of Pediatrics, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA;
- Children’s Healthcare of Atlanta, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
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3
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Gottfried S, Pontiggia L, Newberg A, Laynor G, Monti D. Continuous glucose monitoring metrics for earlier identification of pre-diabetes: protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMJ Open 2022; 12:e061756. [PMID: 36008066 PMCID: PMC9422846 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2022-061756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Glycaemic variability and other metrics are not well characterised in subjects without diabetes. More comprehensive sampling as obtained with continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) may improve diagnostic accuracy of the transition from health to pre-diabetes. Our goal is to investigate the glycaemic system as it shifts from health to pre-disease in adult patients without diabetes using CGM metrics. New insights may offer therapeutic promise for reversing dysglycaemia more successfully with dietary, nutritional and lifestyle change before progression occurs to pre-diabetes and diabetes. METHODS AND ANALYSIS This systematic review will include comprehensive searches of the PubMed, Scopus, Cochrane Library and ClinicalTrials.gov databases, with restrictions set to studies published in the last 10 years in English and planned search date 10 March 2022. Reference lists of studies that meet eligibility criteria in the screening process will subsequently be screened for the potential inclusion of additional studies. We will include studies that examine CGM use and report diagnostic criteria such as fasting glucose and/or haemoglobin A1c such that we can assess correlation between CGM metrics and established diagnostic criteria and describe how CGM metrics are altered in the transition from health to pre-diabetes. The screening and data extraction will be conducted by two independent reviewers using Covidence. All included papers will also be evaluated for quality and publication bias using Cochrane Collaboration risk of bias tools. If there are two or more studies with quantitative estimates that can be combined, we will conduct a meta-analysis after assessing heterogeneity. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION The systematic review methodology does not require formal ethical review due to the nature of the study design. Study findings will be publicly available and published in a peer-reviewed journal. PROSPERO REGISTRATION NUMBER CRD42022308222.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Gottfried
- Department of Integrative Medicine and Nutritional Sciences, Thomas Jefferson University Hospitals, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Laura Pontiggia
- Institute of Emerging Health Professions (IEHP), College of Health Professions, Thomas Jefferson University Hospitals, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Andrew Newberg
- Department of Integrative Medicine and Nutritional Sciences, Thomas Jefferson University Hospitals, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Gregory Laynor
- New York University Health Sciences Library, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - Daniel Monti
- Department of Integrative Medicine and Nutritional Sciences, Thomas Jefferson University Hospitals, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
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Macho-González A, Bastida S, Garcimartín A, López-Oliva ME, González P, Benedí J, González-Muñoz MJ, Sánchez-Muniz FJ. Functional Meat Products as Oxidative Stress Modulators: A Review. Adv Nutr 2021; 12:1514-1539. [PMID: 33578416 PMCID: PMC8321872 DOI: 10.1093/advances/nmaa182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2020] [Revised: 09/21/2020] [Accepted: 12/23/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
High meat consumption has been associated with increased oxidative stress mainly due to the generation of oxidized compounds in the body, such as malondialdehyde, 4-hydroxy-nonenal, oxysterols, or protein carbonyls, which can induce oxidative damage. Meat products are excellent matrices for introducing different bioactive compounds, to obtain functional meat products aimed at minimizing the pro-oxidant effects associated with high meat consumption. Therefore, this review aims to summarize the concept and preparation of healthy and functional meat, which could benefit antioxidant status. Likewise, the key strategies regarding meat production and storage as well as ingredients used (e.g., minerals, polyphenols, fatty acids, walnuts) for developing these functional meats are detailed. Although most effort has been made to reduce the oxidation status of meat, newly emerging approaches also aim to improve the oxidation status of consumers of meat products. Thus, we will delve into the relation between functional meats and their health effects on consumers. In this review, animal trials and intervention studies are discussed, ascertaining the extent of functional meat products' properties (e.g., neutralizing reactive oxygen species formation and increasing the antioxidant response). The effects of functional meat products in the frame of diet-gene interactions are analyzed to 1) discover target subjects that would benefit from their consumption, and 2) understand the molecular mechanisms that ensure precision in the prevention and treatment of diseases, where high oxidative stress takes place. Long-term intervention-controlled studies, testing different types and amounts of functional meat, are also necessary to ascertain their positive impact on degenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrián Macho-González
- Nutrition and Food Science Department (Nutrition), Pharmacy School, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
- AFUSAN Group, Sanitary Research Institute of the San Carlos Clinical Hospital (IdISSC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Sara Bastida
- Nutrition and Food Science Department (Nutrition), Pharmacy School, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
- AFUSAN Group, Sanitary Research Institute of the San Carlos Clinical Hospital (IdISSC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Alba Garcimartín
- Pharmacology, Pharmacognosy and Botany Department, Pharmacy School, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
- AFUSAN Group, Sanitary Research Institute of the San Carlos Clinical Hospital (IdISSC), Madrid, Spain
| | - María Elvira López-Oliva
- Departmental Section of Physiology, Pharmacy School, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
- AFUSAN Group, Sanitary Research Institute of the San Carlos Clinical Hospital (IdISSC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Pilar González
- Pharmacology, Pharmacognosy and Botany Department, Pharmacy School, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Juana Benedí
- Pharmacology, Pharmacognosy and Botany Department, Pharmacy School, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
- AFUSAN Group, Sanitary Research Institute of the San Carlos Clinical Hospital (IdISSC), Madrid, Spain
| | - María José González-Muñoz
- Biomedical Sciences Department, Toxicology Teaching Unit, Pharmacy School, Alcala University, Alcalá de Henares, Spain
- AFUSAN Group, Sanitary Research Institute of the San Carlos Clinical Hospital (IdISSC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Francisco J Sánchez-Muniz
- Nutrition and Food Science Department (Nutrition), Pharmacy School, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
- AFUSAN Group, Sanitary Research Institute of the San Carlos Clinical Hospital (IdISSC), Madrid, Spain
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5
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Min T, Prior SL, Dunseath G, Churm R, Barry JD, Stephens JW. Temporal Effects of Bariatric Surgery on Adipokines, Inflammation and Oxidative Stress in Subjects with Impaired Glucose Homeostasis at 4 Years of Follow-up. Obes Surg 2021; 30:1712-1718. [PMID: 31901128 PMCID: PMC7228907 DOI: 10.1007/s11695-019-04377-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Background Previous studies have examined changes in plasma markers of inflammation and oxidative stress up to 24 months following bariatric surgery, but there is limited evidence on the long-term effects of bariatric surgery. Objectives To examine the effects of bariatric surgery on adipokines (adiponectin, leptin), inflammatory cytokines [C-reactive protein (CRP), interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-10(IL-10)] and global plasma measures of oxidative stress [thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) and total antioxidant status (TAOS) 1 and 6 months, and 4 years post-surgery in subjects with obesity and impaired glucose regulation. Methods A prospective study comprising of 19 participants (13 females, mean age 50.4 ± 6.2 years, mean body mass index (BMI) 54 ± 14 kg/m2, 17 type 2 diabetes) undergoing bariatric surgery (10 sleeve gastrectomy, 6 biliopancreatic diversion, 2 Roux-en-Y gastric bypass and 1 laparoscopic adjustable gastric banding). Serial measurements of the above markers were made pre-operatively, 1 and 6 months and 4 years post-operatively. Results Compared to pre-operative levels, significant decreases were seen 4 years post-operatively in CRP (11.4 vs 2.8 ng/mL, p < 0.001), IL-6 (8.0 vs 2.1 pg/mL, p < 0.001) and leptin (60.7 vs 32.1 pg/mL, p = 0.001). At 4 years, both fasting and 120 min TAOS significantly increased by 35% and 19% respectively. However, fasting and 120 min TBARS did not show any significant changes. Conclusion To our knowledge, no other studies have described changes in inflammation and oxidative stress at 4 years following bariatric surgery. This study contributes to the current literature supporting the longer-term beneficial effect of bariatric surgery on chronic inflammation and oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thinzar Min
- Diabetes Research Group, Grove Building, Swansea University Medical School, Singleton Campus, Swansea University, Swansea, SA2 8PP, UK. .,Department of Diabetes and Endocrinology, Neath Port Talbot Hospital, Swansea Bay UHB, Swansea, SA12 7BX, UK.
| | - Sarah L Prior
- Diabetes Research Group, Grove Building, Swansea University Medical School, Singleton Campus, Swansea University, Swansea, SA2 8PP, UK
| | - Gareth Dunseath
- Diabetes Research Group, Grove Building, Swansea University Medical School, Singleton Campus, Swansea University, Swansea, SA2 8PP, UK
| | - Rachel Churm
- Applied Sports Technology, Exercise and Medicine (A-STEM) Research Centre, Swansea University, Swansea, SA1 8EN, UK
| | - Jonathan D Barry
- Welsh Institute of Metabolic & Obesity Surgery, Morriston Hospital, Swansea Bay UHB, Swansea, SA6 6NL, UK
| | - Jeffrey W Stephens
- Diabetes Research Group, Grove Building, Swansea University Medical School, Singleton Campus, Swansea University, Swansea, SA2 8PP, UK.,Welsh Institute of Metabolic & Obesity Surgery, Morriston Hospital, Swansea Bay UHB, Swansea, SA6 6NL, UK.,Department of Diabetes and Endocrinology, Morriston Hospital, Swansea Bay UHB, Swansea, SA6 6NL, UK
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Carter CS, Huang SC, Searby CC, Cassaidy B, Miller MJ, Grzesik WJ, Piorczynski TB, Pak TK, Walsh SA, Acevedo M, Zhang Q, Mapuskar KA, Milne GL, Hinton AO, Guo DF, Weiss R, Bradberry K, Taylor EB, Rauckhorst AJ, Dick DW, Akurathi V, Falls-Hubert KC, Wagner BA, Carter WA, Wang K, Norris AW, Rahmouni K, Buettner GR, Hansen JM, Spitz DR, Abel ED, Sheffield VC. Exposure to Static Magnetic and Electric Fields Treats Type 2 Diabetes. Cell Metab 2020; 32:561-574.e7. [PMID: 33027675 PMCID: PMC7819711 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2020.09.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2020] [Revised: 06/29/2020] [Accepted: 09/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Aberrant redox signaling underlies the pathophysiology of many chronic metabolic diseases, including type 2 diabetes (T2D). Methodologies aimed at rebalancing systemic redox homeostasis have had limited success. A noninvasive, sustained approach would enable the long-term control of redox signaling for the treatment of T2D. We report that static magnetic and electric fields (sBE) noninvasively modulate the systemic GSH-to-GSSG redox couple to promote a healthier systemic redox environment that is reducing. Strikingly, when applied to mouse models of T2D, sBE rapidly ameliorates insulin resistance and glucose intolerance in as few as 3 days with no observed adverse effects. Scavenging paramagnetic byproducts of oxygen metabolism with SOD2 in hepatic mitochondria fully abolishes these insulin sensitizing effects, demonstrating that mitochondrial superoxide mediates induction of these therapeutic changes. Our findings introduce a remarkable redox-modulating phenomenon that exploits endogenous electromagneto-receptive mechanisms for the noninvasive treatment of T2D, and potentially other redox-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Calvin S Carter
- Department of Pediatrics and Division of Medical Genetics and Genomics, University of Iowa Hospitals & Clinics, Iowa City, IA, USA.
| | - Sunny C Huang
- Department of Pediatrics and Division of Medical Genetics and Genomics, University of Iowa Hospitals & Clinics, Iowa City, IA, USA; Medical Scientist Training Program, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Charles C Searby
- Department of Pediatrics and Division of Medical Genetics and Genomics, University of Iowa Hospitals & Clinics, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Benjamin Cassaidy
- Department of Pediatrics and Division of Medical Genetics and Genomics, University of Iowa Hospitals & Clinics, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Michael J Miller
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Wojciech J Grzesik
- Fraternal Order of Eagles Diabetes Research Center, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Ted B Piorczynski
- Department of Physiology and Developmental Biology, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT, USA
| | - Thomas K Pak
- Department of Pediatrics and Division of Medical Genetics and Genomics, University of Iowa Hospitals & Clinics, Iowa City, IA, USA; Medical Scientist Training Program, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Susan A Walsh
- Department of Radiology, Division of Nuclear Medicine, University of Iowa Hospitals & Clinics, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Michael Acevedo
- Department of Radiology, Division of Nuclear Medicine, University of Iowa Hospitals & Clinics, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Qihong Zhang
- Department of Pediatrics and Division of Medical Genetics and Genomics, University of Iowa Hospitals & Clinics, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Kranti A Mapuskar
- Free Radical and Radiation Biology Program, Department of Radiation Oncology, Holden Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Iowa Hospitals & Clinics, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Ginger L Milne
- Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Antentor O Hinton
- Fraternal Order of Eagles Diabetes Research Center, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Deng-Fu Guo
- Department of Neuroscience and Pharmacology, University of Iowa Hospitals & Clinics, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Robert Weiss
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiology, University of Iowa Hospitals & Clinics, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Kyle Bradberry
- Fraternal Order of Eagles Diabetes Research Center, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Eric B Taylor
- Fraternal Order of Eagles Diabetes Research Center, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA; Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, University of Iowa Hospitals & Clinics, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Adam J Rauckhorst
- Fraternal Order of Eagles Diabetes Research Center, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA; Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, University of Iowa Hospitals & Clinics, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - David W Dick
- Department of Radiology, Division of Nuclear Medicine, University of Iowa Hospitals & Clinics, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Vamsidhar Akurathi
- Department of Radiology, Division of Nuclear Medicine, University of Iowa Hospitals & Clinics, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Kelly C Falls-Hubert
- Medical Scientist Training Program, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA; Free Radical and Radiation Biology Program, Department of Radiation Oncology, Holden Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Iowa Hospitals & Clinics, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Brett A Wagner
- Free Radical and Radiation Biology Program, Department of Radiation Oncology, Holden Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Iowa Hospitals & Clinics, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Walter A Carter
- Department of Pediatrics and Division of Medical Genetics and Genomics, University of Iowa Hospitals & Clinics, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Kai Wang
- College of Public Health, Department of Biostatistics, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Andrew W Norris
- Department of Pediatrics and Division of Medical Genetics and Genomics, University of Iowa Hospitals & Clinics, Iowa City, IA, USA; Fraternal Order of Eagles Diabetes Research Center, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Kamal Rahmouni
- Department of Neuroscience and Pharmacology, University of Iowa Hospitals & Clinics, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Garry R Buettner
- Free Radical and Radiation Biology Program, Department of Radiation Oncology, Holden Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Iowa Hospitals & Clinics, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Jason M Hansen
- Department of Physiology and Developmental Biology, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT, USA
| | - Douglas R Spitz
- Free Radical and Radiation Biology Program, Department of Radiation Oncology, Holden Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Iowa Hospitals & Clinics, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - E Dale Abel
- Fraternal Order of Eagles Diabetes Research Center, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA; Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Iowa Hospitals & Clinics, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Val C Sheffield
- Department of Pediatrics and Division of Medical Genetics and Genomics, University of Iowa Hospitals & Clinics, Iowa City, IA, USA.
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7
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Abdel-Daim MM, Shaaban Ali M, Madkour FF, Elgendy H. Oral Spirulina Platensis Attenuates Hyperglycemia and Exhibits Antinociceptive Effect in Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Neuropathy Rat Model. J Pain Res 2020; 13:2289-2296. [PMID: 32982392 PMCID: PMC7507773 DOI: 10.2147/jpr.s267347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2020] [Accepted: 08/05/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Diabetic neuropathy is a common consequence of diabetes. Hyperalgesia is one of the main symptoms of diabetic neuropathy. In response to noxious stimuli, streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats show exaggerated hyperalgesic behavior, while Spirulina platensis has anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and insulin-like effects. To assess the antinociceptive effect of oral Spirulina platensis (SP) powder on formalin-induced nociceptive responses in STZ-induced diabetic rats. Methods Sixty mature male albino rats were randomly allocated into six equal groups (10 in each group). Group 1 (control non-diabetic group) received 0.9% saline; group 2 was given oral pure SP powder-treated as a non-diabetic control group, group 3 was sodium salicylate-treated rats and used as a positive non-diabetic control group, group 4 managed as vehicle-treated diabetic rats, group 5 considered as SP-treated-diabetic group, and sodium salicylate-treated-diabetic rats used as a diabetic positive control group (group 6). STZ-diabetic rats were orally given SP in a dose of 500 mg kg/day for 1 month. The formalin test was implemented in two phases: the early phase in the first 10-min post-formalin injection, and the late phase was considered in the 15–60 min post-formalin injection time interval. Results Pain scores were increased in the diabetic groups during both phases of the experiment. Blood glucose was significantly reduced in diabetic rats that received oral SP, P < 0.01. Besides, SP-treated rats had lower pain scores during both phases of the experiment than untreated diabetic ones. However, in the sodium salicylate group, the pain score was reduced only during the second phase. An exaggerated nociceptive response occurred in diabetic rats after the formalin test. A significant antinociceptive effect appeared in SP-treated control and diabetic rats. Discussion The findings suggest that oral Spirulina platensis could have a potential therapeutic role for managing induced painful diabetic neuropathy in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed M Abdel-Daim
- Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt
| | | | - Fedekar F Madkour
- Marine Science Department, Faculty of Science, Port Said University, Port Said 42526, Egypt
| | - Hamed Elgendy
- Anesthesia Department, Assiut University Hospitals, Assiut, Egypt.,Anesthesia Department, HAMAD Medical Corporation & Weill Cornell Medicine Qatar & Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
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8
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Meera S, Sarangarajan R, Rajkumar K. 8-Isoprostane: A salivary oxidative stress biomarker for oral submucous fibrosis and oral squamous cell carcinoma. J Oral Maxillofac Pathol 2020; 24:279-284. [PMID: 33456237 PMCID: PMC7802855 DOI: 10.4103/jomfp.jomfp_235_19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2019] [Revised: 11/16/2019] [Accepted: 03/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background 8-isoprostane is one of the stable oxidative stress marker formed by the lipid peroxidation of arachidonic acid. It is present in detectable quantities in all biological fluids. Elevation of 8-Isoprostane has been reported in various neurological, cardiological disorders, and periodontal diseases. Aim The present study was conducted to estimate and compare the level of 8-isoprostane in plasma and saliva in patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), oral submucous fibrosis (OSMF), and in controls. The study also aimed to find out if 8-isoprostane can be used as an effective oxidative stress marker in evaluating the disease progression in OSCC. Materials and Methods Plasma and salivary samples were taken from 10 cases each of clinically diagnosed OSMF, clinically and hisotpathologically diagnosed cases of OSCC and controls. The samples were subjected to 8-Isoprostane ELISA procedure and analyzed. Statistical analysis was performed using the SPSS software. Results The levels of 8-isoprostane in plasma showed an average increase from normal to OSMF to OSCC but was not statistically significant. The variations in the level of salivary 8-isoprostane were found to be statistically significant (P = 0.037) suggesting that there is a gradual increase in levels of isoprostane from controls to OSMF to OSCC. Conclusion The results showed that the concentration of isoprostane in saliva showed a progressive and steady increase from control through OSMF to OSCC indicating that saliva could be used as an effective diagnostic tool in estimating tumor markers. Large scale studies correlating with other potentially malignant oral disorders are required to ascertain the role of 8-Isoprostane as an ideal tumor marker.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Meera
- Private Practitioner, Sree Sai Dental Care, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - R Sarangarajan
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, Madha Dental College, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - K Rajkumar
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, SRM Dental College, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
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Furushima N, Egi M, Obata N, Sato H, Mizobuchi S. Mean amplitude of glycemic excursions in septic patients and its association with outcomes: A prospective observational study using continuous glucose monitoring. J Crit Care 2020; 63:218-222. [PMID: 32958351 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcrc.2020.08.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2020] [Revised: 08/06/2020] [Accepted: 08/19/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To apply continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) and determine the mean amplitude of glycemic excursions (MAGE) in septic patients and to assess the associations of MAGE with outcomes and oxidative stress. MATERIALS AND METHODS This study was conducted in adult septic patients expected to require intensive care for >48 h. We continuously measured blood glucose level for the first 48 h in the ICU using FreeStyle Libre®. MAGE was calculated using glycemic information obtained by CGM during the study period of 48 h. The primary outcome was 90-day all-cause mortality. The secondary outcomes were 90-day ICU-free days and the concentration of urinary 8-isoprostaglandinF2α measured 48 h after commencement of the study as a surrogate of oxidative stress. RESULTS Forty patients were included in this study. Median of MAGE was higher in non-survivors than in survivors: 68.8 (IQR;39.7-97.2) vs. 39.3 (IQR;19.9-53.3), p = 0.02. In multivariate analysis, MAGE was independently associated with 90-day all-cause mortality rate (p = 0.02), urinary 8-isoprostaglandinF2α level (p = 0.03) and 90-day ICU-free survival days (p = 0.03). CONCLUSIONS In the current study, MAGE for the first 48 h of treatment that was obtained by using CGM was associated with 90-day all-cause mortality, 90-day ICU-free days and urinary 8-isoprostaglandinF2α level in septic patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nana Furushima
- Department of Anesthesiology, Kobe University Hospital, 7-5-2 Kusunoki-cho, Chuo-ku, Kobe City, Hyogo 650-0017, JAPAN.
| | - Moritoki Egi
- Department of Anesthesiology, Kobe University Hospital, 7-5-2 Kusunoki-cho, Chuo-ku, Kobe City, Hyogo 650-0017, JAPAN.
| | - Norihiko Obata
- Department of Anesthesiology, Kobe University Hospital, 7-5-2 Kusunoki-cho, Chuo-ku, Kobe City, Hyogo 650-0017, JAPAN.
| | - Hitoaki Sato
- Department of Anesthesiology, Kobe University Hospital, 7-5-2 Kusunoki-cho, Chuo-ku, Kobe City, Hyogo 650-0017, JAPAN
| | - Satoshi Mizobuchi
- Department of Anesthesiology, Kobe University Hospital, 7-5-2 Kusunoki-cho, Chuo-ku, Kobe City, Hyogo 650-0017, JAPAN.
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Stephens JW, Min T, Dunseath G, Churm R, Barry JD, Prior SL. Temporal effects of laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy on adipokines, inflammation, and oxidative stress in patients with impaired glucose homeostasis. Surg Obes Relat Dis 2019; 15:2011-2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.soard.2019.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2019] [Revised: 03/13/2019] [Accepted: 04/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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11
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Tetramethylpyrazine prevents diabetes by activating PI3K/Akt/GLUT-4 signalling in animal model of type-2 diabetes. Life Sci 2019; 236:116836. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2019.116836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2019] [Revised: 08/22/2019] [Accepted: 09/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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12
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Camfield DA, Nolidin K, Savage K, Timmer J, Croft K, Tangestani Fard M, Simpson T, Downey L, Scholey A, Pipingas A, Deleuil S, Stough C. Higher plasma levels of F2-isoprostanes are associated with slower psychomotor speed in healthy older adults. Free Radic Res 2019; 53:377-386. [DOI: 10.1080/10715762.2018.1513133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- David A. Camfield
- Centre for Human Psychopharmacology, Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Karen Nolidin
- Centre for Human Psychopharmacology, Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Karen Savage
- Centre for Human Psychopharmacology, Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Jorinde Timmer
- Centre for Human Psychopharmacology, Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Kevin Croft
- School of Medicine and Pharmacology, Royal Perth Hospital Unit, the University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
| | | | - Tamara Simpson
- Centre for Human Psychopharmacology, Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Luke Downey
- Centre for Human Psychopharmacology, Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne, Australia
- Institute for Breathing and Sleep, Austin Hospital, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Andrew Scholey
- Centre for Human Psychopharmacology, Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Andrew Pipingas
- Centre for Human Psychopharmacology, Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Saurenne Deleuil
- Centre for Human Psychopharmacology, Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Con Stough
- Centre for Human Psychopharmacology, Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne, Australia
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Arafa MAA, Gouda ZA, El-Naseery NI, Abdel-Nour HM, Hanafy SM, Mohamed AF, Abo-Ouf AM. Bone Marrow-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells Ameliorate the Pancreatic Changes of Chemically Induced Hypothyroidism by Carbimazole in Male Rats. Cells Tissues Organs 2019; 206:144-156. [PMID: 30921798 DOI: 10.1159/000497297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2018] [Accepted: 01/25/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
We induced hypothyroidism (HT) in male rats through chronic oral administration of carbimazole and then tested whether an i.v. injection of rat bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs) could ameliorate the HT-induced changes in pancreatic structure and function. The thyroid and pancreatic function tests, as well as total antioxidant capacity (TAC) and malondialdehyde (MDA) were estimated. The pancreatic structure was evaluated by hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) stain. Insulin protein and cleaved caspase-3 were detected immunohistochemically. The degree of apoptosis was assessed by TUNEL assay. The morphometric measurements were done by an image analyzer system and the obtained data were statistically analyzed. HT rats showed hyperglycemia associated with insulin deficiency, decreased TAC and increased MDA levels. H&E-stained sections showed that the pancreatic septa were infiltrated with acidophilic material. Some acini were vacuolated while others showed depleted acidophilia and dilated lumina. Spindle-shaped cells were accumulated within deformed islets in HT rats. The positive reaction with anti-cleaved caspase-3 was exclusively noted in the cytoplasm of islet cells with no immunostaining reaction in the acinar and ductal cells, whereas the positively stained nuclei with TUNEL were demonstrated in the islet and acinar cells. A significant increase in the apoptotic index % of both markers was detected. Injection of BM-MSCs in HT rats restored all biochemical indicators of disturbed pancreatic function to normal level and improved pancreatic structure, resulting in a clear septa and normal appearance of acini and islets. In conclusion, many of the significant structural and func tional pancreatic alterations detected in HT rats were ameliorated after the injection of BM-MSCs. These data demonstrate the ability of BM-MSCs to repair pancreatic disturbances. Further studies on humans are necessary to determine the potential clinical applications of BM-MSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mona A A Arafa
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine for Girls, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Zienab A Gouda
- Department of Histology and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt,
| | - Nesma I El-Naseery
- Department of Histology and Cytology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Hanim M Abdel-Nour
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Safaa M Hanafy
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine for Girls, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Amany F Mohamed
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine for Girls, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Amany M Abo-Ouf
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine for Girls, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
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Measurement and Clinical Significance of Lipid Peroxidation as a Biomarker of Oxidative Stress: Oxidative Stress in Diabetes, Atherosclerosis, and Chronic Inflammation. Antioxidants (Basel) 2019; 8:antiox8030072. [PMID: 30934586 PMCID: PMC6466575 DOI: 10.3390/antiox8030072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 252] [Impact Index Per Article: 50.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2019] [Revised: 03/19/2019] [Accepted: 03/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Endothelial dysfunction is one of the initial steps in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis and development of cardiovascular disease in patients with diabetes mellitus. Several risk factors are associated with endothelial dysfunction and atherosclerosis, such as hypertension, dyslipidaemia, inflammation, oxidative stress, and advanced glycation-end products. Among these risk factors, oxidative stress is the largest contributor to the formation of atherosclerotic plaques. Measurement of reactive oxygen species (ROS) is still difficult, and assays for the measurement of ROS have failed to show a consistent correlation between pathological states and oxidative stress. To solve this problem, this review summarizes the current knowledge on biomarkers of oxidative stress, especially lipid peroxidation, and discusses the roles of oxidative stress, as measured by indices of lipid peroxidation, in diabetes mellitus, atherosclerosis, and chronic inflammation.
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15
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Churm R, Caplin S, Barry J, Davies JS, Stephens JW, Prior SL. Acyl-ghrelin mediated lipid retention and inflammation in obesity-related Type 2 diabetes. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2019; 481:8-13. [PMID: 30439508 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2018.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2018] [Revised: 10/10/2018] [Accepted: 11/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Acyl-ghrelin has various peripheral effects including the potential role in mediating cellular lipid removal and macrophage polarization. Previous reports are contradictory as to how glycaemia and acyl-ghrelin mediates lipid retention and inflammation within individuals with Type 2 diabetes (T2D). Our aim was to explore acyl-ghrelin levels and ghrelin expression in relation to lipid and inflammatory markers within an ex vivo human model, biopsied visceral adipose tissue. Results indicated that acyl-ghrelin was associated with a decline in key lipid homeostasis genes ABCG1 and LXRβ expression. Within T2D there was also a down regulation of these genes which was independent of acyl-ghrelin levels. Circulatory pro-inflammatory markers (IL-6 and TNFα) had no association with ghrelin expression nor circulating acyl-ghrelin levels. Anti-inflammatory marker (IL-10) and total antioxidant status (TAOS%) were positively associated with ghrelin expression across samples from all groups combined (total sample cohort) and specifically within the obesity sample cohorts. Data supported the hypothesis that hyperglycaemia and acyl-ghrelin have a regulatory role in lipid retention. Furthermore, that both acyl- and desacyl-ghrelin is responsible for a protective inflammatory response; however this response is diminished in T2D.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Churm
- Diabetes Research Group, Grove Building, Swansea University, Swansea, UK.
| | - S Caplin
- Welsh Institute of Metabolic & Obesity Surgery, Morriston Hospital, Swansea, UK
| | - J Barry
- Welsh Institute of Metabolic & Obesity Surgery, Morriston Hospital, Swansea, UK
| | - J S Davies
- Molecular Neurobiology Research Group, Institute of Life Science 1, Swansea University, Swansea, UK
| | - J W Stephens
- Diabetes Research Group, Grove Building, Swansea University, Swansea, UK
| | - S L Prior
- Diabetes Research Group, Grove Building, Swansea University, Swansea, UK
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16
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Carrizzo A, Izzo C, Oliveti M, Alfano A, Virtuoso N, Capunzo M, Di Pietro P, Calabrese M, De Simone E, Sciarretta S, Frati G, Migliarino S, Damato A, Ambrosio M, De Caro F, Vecchione C. The Main Determinants of Diabetes Mellitus Vascular Complications: Endothelial Dysfunction and Platelet Hyperaggregation. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19102968. [PMID: 30274207 PMCID: PMC6212935 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19102968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2018] [Revised: 09/26/2018] [Accepted: 09/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus is a common disease that affects 3–5% of the general population in Italy. In some countries of northern Europe or in North America, it can even affect 6–8% of the population. Of great concern is that the number of cases of diabetes is constantly increasing, probably due to the increase in obesity and the sedentary nature of the population. According to the World Health Organization, in the year 2030 there will be 360 million people with diabetes, compared to 170 million in 2000. This has important repercussions on the lives of patients and their families, and on health systems that offer assistance to patients. In this review, we try to describe in an organized way the pathophysiological continuity between diabetes mellitus, endothelial dysfunction, and platelet hyperaggregation, highlighting the main molecular mechanisms involved and the interconnections.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Carmine Izzo
- Departement of Medicine and Surgery, University of Salerno, 84081 Baronissi, SA, Italy.
| | - Marco Oliveti
- Departement of Medicine and Surgery, University of Salerno, 84081 Baronissi, SA, Italy.
| | - Antonia Alfano
- Heart Department, A.O.U. "San Giovanni di Dio e Ruggi d'Aragona", 84131 Salerno, Italy.
| | - Nicola Virtuoso
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, A.O.U. Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy.
| | - Mario Capunzo
- Departement of Medicine and Surgery, University of Salerno, 84081 Baronissi, SA, Italy.
| | - Paola Di Pietro
- Departement of Medicine and Surgery, University of Salerno, 84081 Baronissi, SA, Italy.
| | | | - Eros De Simone
- Heart Department, A.O.U. "San Giovanni di Dio e Ruggi d'Aragona", 84131 Salerno, Italy.
| | - Sebastiano Sciarretta
- IRCCS Neuromed, 86077 Pozzilli, IS, Italy.
- Department of Medico-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy.
| | - Giacomo Frati
- IRCCS Neuromed, 86077 Pozzilli, IS, Italy.
- Department of Medico-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy.
| | - Serena Migliarino
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine and Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy.
| | | | | | - Francesco De Caro
- Departement of Medicine and Surgery, University of Salerno, 84081 Baronissi, SA, Italy.
| | - Carmine Vecchione
- IRCCS Neuromed, 86077 Pozzilli, IS, Italy.
- Departement of Medicine and Surgery, University of Salerno, 84081 Baronissi, SA, Italy.
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Soni LK, Dobhal MP, Arya D, Bhagour K, Parasher P, Gupta RS. In vitro and in vivo antidiabetic activity of isolated fraction of Prosopis cineraria against streptozotocin-induced experimental diabetes: A mechanistic study. Biomed Pharmacother 2018; 108:1015-1021. [PMID: 30372801 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.09.099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2018] [Revised: 09/15/2018] [Accepted: 09/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
A rapidly increasing incidence of Diabetes mellitus throughout the world is a major concern in both developed and developing countries and the drawbacks associated with currently available treatments led to switching researcher's attention towards naturopathy. Since ancient time, herbal plants have been traditionally used for the treatment of diabetes as they consider to be less toxic and free from side effects than synthetic ones. In our previous studies, we had isolated two new compounds (Methyl 5-tridecyloctadec-4-enoate and Nonacosan-8-one), together with three known compounds (Lupeol, β-sitosterol and Stigmasterol) from chloroform fraction of stem bark of P. cineraria (CfPc). The present study aimed to determine the in vivo and in vivo antidiabetic activity of CfPc in streptozotocin induced experimental diabetes and also evaluated their possible mode of action. CfPc was orally administrated to STZ (55 mg/kg b.wt) induced diabetic rats at the doses of 50 and 100 mg/kg b.wt for 21 days. Treatment of CfPc significantly (p < 0.05) lowered the level of blood glucose, glycosylated hemoglobin and also restored body weight, liver glycogen content and serum insulin level in diabetic rats in a dose-dependent manner. A significant (p < 0.05) reduction in serum lipid profile markers and elevation in HDL-C after treatment with CfPc, also signifying the protective effects of CfPc in diabetes-associated complications. In addition, CfPc also promoted a significant inhibition of α-amylase enzyme activity with an IC50 value of 40.29 μg/ml. Results indicate that CfPc possess a potential in vitro and in vivo antidiabetic activity and this effect could be due to multitarget mode of action that includes antihyperglycemic, postprandial hypoglycemic, hypolipidemic and insulin secretory actions. Therefore, it could be used as a safer complementary drug in the management of diabetes and associated complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lokesh Kumar Soni
- Natural Products Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Rajasthan, Jaipur, Rajasthan, 302004, India
| | - Mahabeer Prasad Dobhal
- Natural Products Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Rajasthan, Jaipur, Rajasthan, 302004, India
| | - Dharmendra Arya
- Reproductive Physiology and Endocrinology Section, Department of Zoology, University of Rajasthan, Jaipur, Rajasthan, 302004, India
| | - Kiran Bhagour
- Reproductive Physiology and Endocrinology Section, Department of Zoology, University of Rajasthan, Jaipur, Rajasthan, 302004, India
| | - Pradeep Parasher
- Department of Chemistry, Govt. P.G. College, Jhalawar, Rajasthan, 326001, India
| | - R S Gupta
- Reproductive Physiology and Endocrinology Section, Department of Zoology, University of Rajasthan, Jaipur, Rajasthan, 302004, India.
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Taschereau-Charron A, Bilodeau JF, Larose J, Greffard K, Berthiaume L, Audibert F, Fraser WD, Julien P, Rudkowska I. F 2-isoprostanes and fatty acids profile in early pregnancy complicated by pre-existing diabetes. Prostaglandins Leukot Essent Fatty Acids 2018; 135:115-120. [PMID: 30103922 DOI: 10.1016/j.plefa.2018.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2018] [Revised: 07/12/2018] [Accepted: 07/16/2018] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diabetes and pregnancy are both associated with oxidative stress, characterized by an increase of F2-isoprostanes from the non-enzymatic oxidation of arachidonic acid, a n - 6 polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA). We hypothesized that pregnant women with pre-existing diabetes will be characterized by elevated levels of specific F2-isoPs isomers and altered PUFA composition in plasma early pregnancy when compared to normoglycemic controls. METHODS Plasma samples from 23 women with uncomplicated pregnancies and 11 women with pre-existing diabetes in pregnancy were collected between 12 and 18 weeks of pregnancy (MIROS cohort). Six F2-isoprostanes isomers were measured by high-performance liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry. Fatty acids concentrations in plasmatic phospholipids were measured by gas chromatography coupled to a flame ionization detector. RESULTS F2-isoprostanes, specifically the 8-iso-15(R)-PGF2α levels, were 67% higher in diabetic than normoglycemic pregnancies (p = 0.026). The total n - 6 PUFA and arachidonic acid level did not differ between study groups. In contrast, total n - 3 level was 32% lower in diabetic pregnancies than in controls (p = 0.002); EPA(20:5) and DHA(22:6) being specifically reduced (p = 0.035 and p = 0.003 respectively). Delta-6-desaturase (D6D) activity index, calculated using fatty acid ratios, was 9% lower in pre-existing diabetes than in controls (p = 0.042). CONCLUSIONS Pre-existing diabetes in early pregnancy displays a distinctive F2-isoprostanes profile when compared to other pathologies of pregnancy, such as preeclampsia, as previously assessed in the same cohort.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andréa Taschereau-Charron
- Axe endocrinologie et néphrologie, Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval, et Centre de recherche en endocrinologie, métabolisme et inflammation (CREMI), Université Laval, Québec G1V 4G2, Canada
| | - Jean-François Bilodeau
- Axe endocrinologie et néphrologie, Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval, et Centre de recherche en endocrinologie, métabolisme et inflammation (CREMI), Université Laval, Québec G1V 4G2, Canada; Département de médecine, Faculté de médecine, Université Laval, Québec, Canada
| | - Jessica Larose
- Axe endocrinologie et néphrologie, Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval, et Centre de recherche en endocrinologie, métabolisme et inflammation (CREMI), Université Laval, Québec G1V 4G2, Canada
| | - Karine Greffard
- Axe endocrinologie et néphrologie, Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval, et Centre de recherche en endocrinologie, métabolisme et inflammation (CREMI), Université Laval, Québec G1V 4G2, Canada
| | - Line Berthiaume
- Axe endocrinologie et néphrologie, Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval, et Centre de recherche en endocrinologie, métabolisme et inflammation (CREMI), Université Laval, Québec G1V 4G2, Canada
| | - François Audibert
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, CRCHU Sainte-Justine and University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - William D Fraser
- Département d'obstétrique et gynécologie, Faculté de médecine et des sciences de la santé, et Centre hospitalier universitaire de Sherbrooke (CHUS), Sherbrooke, Québec J1H 5N4, Canada
| | - Pierre Julien
- Axe endocrinologie et néphrologie, Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval, et Centre de recherche en endocrinologie, métabolisme et inflammation (CREMI), Université Laval, Québec G1V 4G2, Canada; Département de médecine, Faculté de médecine, Université Laval, Québec, Canada
| | - Iwona Rudkowska
- Axe endocrinologie et néphrologie, Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval, et Centre de recherche en endocrinologie, métabolisme et inflammation (CREMI), Université Laval, Québec G1V 4G2, Canada; Département de Kinésiologie, Faculté de médecine, Université Laval, Québec G1K 7P4, Canada.
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19
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Rodriguez-Segade S, Rodriguez J, Camiña F, Fernández-Arean M, García-Ciudad V, Pazos-Couselo M, García-López JM, Alonso-Sampedro M, González-Quintela A, Gude F. Continuous glucose monitoring is more sensitive than HbA1c and fasting glucose in detecting dysglycaemia in a Spanish population without diabetes. Diabetes Res Clin Pract 2018; 142:100-109. [PMID: 29807103 DOI: 10.1016/j.diabres.2018.05.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2018] [Revised: 05/06/2018] [Accepted: 05/16/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
AIMS To investigate whether continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) reveals patterns of glycaemic behaviour, the detection of which might improve early diagnosis of dysglycaemia. METHODS A total 1521 complete days of valid CGM data were recorded under real-life conditions from a healthy sample of a Spanish community, as were matching FPG and HbA1C data. No participant was pregnant, had a history of kidney or liver disease, or was taking drugs known to affect glycaemia. RESULTS CGM and fingerstick measurements showed a mean relative absolute difference of 6.9 ± 2.2%. All subjects were normoglycaemic according to FPG and HbA1C except 21% who were prediabetic. The normoglycaemic subjects had a 24-hour mean blood glucose concentration (MBG) of 5.7 ± 0.4 mmol/L, spending a median of 97% of their time within the target range (3.9-7.8 mmol/L). 73% of them experienced episodes with blood glucose levels above the threshold for impaired glucose tolerance, and 5% levels above the threshold for diabetes. These normoglycaemic participants with episodes of high glycaemia had glycaemic variabilities similar to those of prediabetic subjects with episodes of similar intensity or combined duration. CONCLUSIONS CGM is a better indicator of possible early dysglycaemia than either FPG or HbA1c.
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Affiliation(s)
- Santiago Rodriguez-Segade
- The Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, A Coruña, Spain; Hospital Clinical Biochemistry Laboratory of the University of Santiago de Compostela, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, A Coruña, Spain.
| | - Javier Rodriguez
- The Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, A Coruña, Spain; Hospital Clinical Biochemistry Laboratory of the University of Santiago de Compostela, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, A Coruña, Spain
| | - Félix Camiña
- The Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, A Coruña, Spain
| | | | | | - Marcos Pazos-Couselo
- The Division of Endocrinology of Hospital de Conxo, 15705 Santiago de Compostela, A Coruña, Spain
| | - Jose M García-López
- The Division of Endocrinology of Hospital de Conxo, 15705 Santiago de Compostela, A Coruña, Spain
| | - Manuela Alonso-Sampedro
- The Clinical Epidemiology Unit and of the University of Santiago de Compostela, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, A Coruña, Spain; Department of Internal Medicine of the Hospital Clinico Universitario de Santiago de Compostela, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, A Coruña, Spain
| | - Arturo González-Quintela
- Department of Internal Medicine of the Hospital Clinico Universitario de Santiago de Compostela, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, A Coruña, Spain
| | - Francisco Gude
- The Clinical Epidemiology Unit and of the University of Santiago de Compostela, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, A Coruña, Spain
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20
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Das UN. Ageing: Is there a role for arachidonic acid and other bioactive lipids? A review. J Adv Res 2018; 11:67-79. [PMID: 30034877 PMCID: PMC6052661 DOI: 10.1016/j.jare.2018.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2017] [Revised: 02/12/2018] [Accepted: 02/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Ageing is inevitable. Recent studies suggest that it could be delayed. Low-grade systemic inflammation is seen in type 2 diabetes mellitus, hypertension and endothelial dysfunction that are common with increasing age. In all these conditions, an alteration in arachidonic acid (AA) metabolism is seen in the form of increased formation of pro-inflammatory eicosanoids and decreased production of anti-inflammatory lipoxins, resolvins, protectins and maresins and decreased activity of desaturases. Calorie restriction, exercise and parabiosis delay age-related changes that could be related to enhanced proliferation of stem cells, decrease in inflammation and transfer of GDF-11 (growth differentiation factor-11) and other related molecules from the young to the old, increase in the formation of lipoxin A4, resolvins, protectins and maresins, hydrogen sulfide (H2S) and nitric oxide (NO); inhibition of ageing-related hypothalamic or brain IKK-β and NF-kB activation, decreased gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) release resulting in increased neurogenesis and consequent decelerated ageing. This suggests that hypothalamus participates in ageing process. N-acylethanolamines (NAEs) and lipid-derived signalling molecules can be tuned favorably under dietary restriction to extend lifespan and/or prevent advanced age associated diseases in an mTOR dependent pathway manner. Sulfur amino acid (SAA) restriction increased hydrogen sulfide (H2S) production and protected tissues from hypoxia and tissue damage. Anti-inflammatory metabolites formed from AA such as LXA4, resolvins, protectins and maresins enhance production of NO, CO, H2S; suppress NF-kB expression and alter mTOR expression and thus, may aid in delaying ageing process. Dietary restriction and exercise enhance AA metabolism to form LXA4, resolvins, protectins and maresins that have anti-inflammatory actions. AA and their metabolites also influence stem cell biology, enhance neurogenesis to improve memory and augment autophagy to prolong life span. Thus, AA and other PUFAs and their anti-inflammatory metabolites inhibit inflammation, augment stem cell proliferation, restore to normal lipid-derived signaling molecules and NO and H2S production, enhance autophagy and prolong life span.
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21
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Downey LA, Simpson T, Timmer J, Nolidin K, Croft K, Wesnes KA, Scholey A, Deleuil S, Stough C. Impaired verbal episodic memory in healthy older adults is marked by increased F 2-Isoprostanes. Prostaglandins Leukot Essent Fatty Acids 2018; 129:32-37. [PMID: 29482768 DOI: 10.1016/j.plefa.2018.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2017] [Revised: 01/21/2018] [Accepted: 02/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Age-associated cognitive decline amongst otherwise healthy older individuals is a multifaceted characteristic of ageing. The role of oxidative stress biomarkers has been increasingly examined in the context of pathological aging conditions that affect cognition. Plasma F2-Isoprostane levels are a reliable index of systemic oxidative stress (specifically lipid peroxidation) and are elevated in dementia patients. Less is known about their role in healthy cognitive ageing. This study evaluated the relationship between F2-Isoprostanes and cognitive functioning in a cohort of 211 healthy elderly adults (60-75 years: Male; 88, Female; 123). Cognitive assessment included the Cognitive Drug Research (CDR) computerised assessment battery, which produces five validated factor scores (corresponding to 'Quality of Episodic Memory', 'Speed of Memory', Quality of Working Memory', Power of Attention' and 'Continuity of Attention'). Participants with higher F2-Isoprostane levels had significantly lower Quality of Episodic Memory scores (suggesting inferior abilities in retaining and retrieving verbal information in episodic memory). This is, to our knowledge, the first report of compromised verbal episodic memory in healthy ageing humans being linked to increased levels of F2-Isoprostanes. These results have relevance for interventions aimed at improving cognitive performance in the healthy elderly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luke A Downey
- Centre for Human Psychopharmacology, Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne, Australia; Institute for Breathing and Sleep, Austin Hospital, Melbourne, Australia.
| | - Tamara Simpson
- Centre for Human Psychopharmacology, Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Jorinde Timmer
- Centre for Human Psychopharmacology, Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Karen Nolidin
- Centre for Human Psychopharmacology, Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Kevin Croft
- School of Medicine and Pharmacology Royal Perth Hospital Unit, The University of Western Australia, Australia
| | - Keith A Wesnes
- Centre for Human Psychopharmacology, Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne, Australia; Wesnes Cognition Ltd, Streatley on Thames, UK; Medical School, University of Exeter, UK
| | - Andrew Scholey
- Centre for Human Psychopharmacology, Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Saurenne Deleuil
- Centre for Human Psychopharmacology, Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Con Stough
- Centre for Human Psychopharmacology, Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne, Australia.
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22
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Replacing carbohydrate during a glucose challenge with the egg white portion or whole eggs protects against postprandial impairments in vascular endothelial function in prediabetic men by limiting increases in glycaemia and lipid peroxidation. Br J Nutr 2018; 119:259-270. [DOI: 10.1017/s0007114517003610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
AbstractEggs attenuate postprandial hyperglycaemia (PPH), which transiently impairs vascular endothelial function (VEF). We hypothesised that co-ingestion of a glucose challenge with egg-based meals would protect against glucose-induced impairments in VEF by attenuating PPH and oxidative stress. A randomised, cross-over study was conducted in prediabetic men (n20) who ingested isoenegertic meals (1674 kJ (400 kcal)) containing 100 g glucose (GLU), or 75 g glucose with 1·5 whole eggs (EGG), seven egg whites (WHITE) or two egg yolks (YOLK). At 30 min intervals for 3 h, brachial artery flow-mediated dilation (FMD), plasma glucose, insulin, cholecystokinin (CCK), lipids (total, LDL- and HDL-cholesterol; TAG), F2-isoprostanes normalised to arachidonic acid (F2-IsoPs/AA), and methylglyoxal were assessed. In GLU, FMD decreased at 30–60 min and returned to baseline levels by 90 min. GLU-mediated decreases in FMD were attenuated at 30–60 min in EGG and WHITE. Compared with GLU, FMDAUCwas higher in EGG and WHITE only. Relative to baseline, glucose increased at 30–120 min in GLU and YOLK but only at 30–90 min in EGG and WHITE. GlucoseAUCand insulinAUCwere also lower in EGG and WHITE only. However, CCKAUCwas higher in EGG and WHITE compared with GLU. Compared with GLU, F2-IsoPs/AAAUCwas lower in EGG and WHITE but unaffected by YOLK. Postprandial lipids and methylglyoxal did not differ between treatments. Thus, replacing a portion of a glucose challenge with whole eggs or egg whites, but not yolks, limits postprandial impairments in VEF by attenuating increases in glycaemia and lipid peroxidation.
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23
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Huang T, Lu C, Schumann M, Le S, Yang Y, Zhuang H, Lu Q, Liu J, Wiklund P, Cheng S. Timing of Exercise Affects Glycemic Control in Type 2 Diabetes Patients Treated with Metformin. J Diabetes Res 2018; 2018:2483273. [PMID: 29785399 PMCID: PMC5896215 DOI: 10.1155/2018/2483273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2017] [Accepted: 02/18/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The purpose of the study was to examine the acute effects of the timing of exercise on the glycemic control during and after exercise in T2D. METHODS This study included 26 T2D patients (14 women and 12 men) who were treated with metformin. All patients were tested on four occasions: metformin administration alone (Metf), high-intensity interval training (HIIT) performed at 30 minutes (EX30), 60 minutes (EX60), and 90 minutes (EX90) postbreakfast, respectively. Glucose, insulin, and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity were examined. RESULTS Glucose decreased significantly after the exercise in EX30, EX60, and EX90. Compared with Metf, the decline in glucose immediately after the exercise was larger in EX30 (-2.58 mmol/L; 95% CI, -3.36 to -1.79 mmol/L; p < 0.001), EX60 (-2.13 mmol/L; 95% CI, -2.91 to -1.34 mmol/L; p < 0.001), and EX90 (-1.87 mmol/L; 95% CI, -2.65 to -1.08 mmol/L; p < 0.001), respectively. Compared with Metf, the decrease in insulin was larger in EX30 and EX60 (both p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS Timing of exercise is a factor to consider when prescribing exercise for T2D patients treated with metformin. This trial is registered with ChiCTR-IOR-16008469 on 13 May 2016.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Huang
- Department of Physical Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chunyan Lu
- Department of Endocrinology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Moritz Schumann
- Department of Physical Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Sport Medicine, German Sport University Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Shenglong Le
- Department of Physical Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Yifan Yang
- School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Haihui Zhuang
- School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qingwei Lu
- Jiangchuan Community Health Service Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Jinsheng Liu
- School Infirmary, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Petri Wiklund
- Department of Physical Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
- The Key Laboratory of Systems Biomedicine, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Center for Systems Biomedicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Sulin Cheng
- Department of Physical Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
- The Key Laboratory of Systems Biomedicine, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Center for Systems Biomedicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
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24
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Radwan M, Elsous A, Al-Sharif H, Abu Mustafa A. Glycemic control among primary care patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in the Gaza Strip, Palestine. Ther Adv Endocrinol Metab 2018; 9:3-14. [PMID: 29344335 PMCID: PMC5761953 DOI: 10.1177/2042018817742070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2017] [Accepted: 10/19/2017] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM In this study, we aimed to assess the level of good glycemic control, to determine association between adherence to antidiabetic medications and glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) and to examine factors influencing good glycemic control. MATERIALS AND METHODS A cross-sectional design was employed among 369 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) from four Ministry of Health health centers in 2016. A sample of 3 ml blood was taken to measure the HbA1c, and patients were asked to fill out a pretested questionnaire. Univariate and multivariate logistic regressions, to identify independent factors associated with good glycemic control, were conducted using SPSS software version 22 (IBM Corp, Armonk, NY, USA). RESULTS Mean [±standard deviation (SD)] of HbA1c was 8.97 (2.02) and one fifth of patients had good glycemic control (HbA1c ⩽ 7%). Factors associated with good glycemic control were: older age [odds ratio (OR) = 0.96, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.933-0.988), high medication adherence (OR: 2.757, 95% CI: 1.308-4.693), and better health literacy (OR= 2.124, 95% CI: 1.917-4.921). Duration of diabetes mellitus (DM > 7 years) was inversely related to good glycemic control (OR = 2.255, 95% CI: 1.189-4.276). CONCLUSION Our study showed that glycemic control was suboptimal, and factors associated with that were: older age, high medication adherence, and better health literacy. Knowledge of these factors could be an entry toward helping patients and targeting interventions to improve glycemic control and prevent diabetes-related complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahmoud Radwan
- Department of Health Management and Economics, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences - International campus, Tehran, Iran Islamic Republic; and International Cooperation Department, Ministry of Health, Gaza Strip, Palestinian Territory, Occupied
| | - Aymen Elsous
- Assistant Professor, Faculty of Health Sciences, Israa University, Gaza Strip, Palestinian Territory, Occupied; and Quality Improvement and Infection Control, Shifa Medical Complex, Gaza Strip, Palestinian Territory, Occupied
| | - Hasnaa Al-Sharif
- Department of Chronic Diseases, Directorate of Primary Healthcare, Ministry of Health, Gaza Strip, Palestinian Territory, Occupied
| | - Ayman Abu Mustafa
- Palestine College of Nursing, Ministry of Health, Gaza Strip, Palestinian Territory, Occupied
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25
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Ponnampalam EN, Hopkins DL, Giri K, Jacobs JL, Plozza T, Lewandowski P, Bekhit A. The use of oxidative stress biomarkers in live animals (in vivo) to predict meat quality deterioration postmortem (in vitro) caused by changes in muscle biochemical components. J Anim Sci 2017; 95:3012-3024. [PMID: 28727089 DOI: 10.2527/jas.2016.0887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
This study was conducted to determine whether circulating concentrations of blood isoprostanes can be used as an effective biomarker in lambs to predict degradation of color and/or lipid stability in meat. Lambs ( = 84) were fed diets of either lucerne pasture, annual ryegrass pasture, a commercial feedlot pellet, or a combination of annual ryegrass and feedlot pellet for 8 wk, including a 2-wk adaptation period. Blood isoprostane concentration at wk 0, 4, 6 or 8 of feeding was determined. Blood isoprostane concentration for each animal was then correlated with muscle biochemical components that impact color and/or lipid oxidative status during retail display. This included lipid oxidation levels in muscle assessed by thiobarbituric acid reactive substances and meat redness determined by a HunterLab colorimetric spectrometer. Lambs that consumed the commercial feedlot pellet had a lower muscle vitamin E level (< 0.01) and a greater level of -6 PUFA ( < 0.001) compared with lambs finished on annual ryegrass or lucerne. Lipid oxidation levels were greatest for lambs finished on the feedlot ration, lowest in lambs finished on the ryegrass diet, and intermediate for lambs finished on lucerne and ryegrass-feedlot combination ( < 0.01). After 8 wk of feeding, blood isoprostane concentration was positively correlated with lipid oxidation of meat displayed for 72 h in simulated retail conditions ( < 0.01). There was a negative linear relationship between isoprostane concentration and muscle vitamin E concentration ( = 0.07), lipid oxidation and muscle vitamin E concentration ( < 0.01) but a positive linear relationship between isoprostane concentration and muscle -6 PUFA ( < 0.001) or lipid oxidation and muscle -6 PUFA concentration ( < 0.001). Blood isoprostane concentration and lipid oxidation in meat were influenced by muscle vitamin E and -6 PUFA but not by -3 PUFA. There was no significant relationship observed between blood isoprostane concentration at 0, 4, 6 or 8 wk feeding vs. overall meat color (redness of meat) at 0 and 72 h of display, stored under simulated retail conditions. The results indicate that circulating blood isoprostane concentration can be a useful tool to predict the oxidative status of postmortem meat. Future work will examine the impact of this relationship on meat flavor/aroma deterioration post farm.
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26
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Martinez-Hervás S, Mendez MM, Folgado J, Tormos C, Ascaso P, Peiró M, Real JT, Ascaso JF. Altered Semmes-Weinstein monofilament test results are associated with oxidative stress markers in type 2 diabetic subjects. J Transl Med 2017; 15:187. [PMID: 28874161 PMCID: PMC5586059 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-017-1291-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2017] [Accepted: 08/29/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Different lines of evidence suggest that oxidative stress (OS) is implicated in the pathogenesis of diabetic neuropathy. The Semmes-Weinstein monofilament (SWM) test is an efficient tool for evaluating diabetic polyneuropathy and diabetic foot. In this study, we analyzed the association between OS markers and altered SWM test results in type 2 diabetes (T2DM) patients. METHODS Seventy T2DM patients were studied and 34 showed altered SWM results. The clinical and biochemical parameters were determined using standardized methods. Levels of oxidized glutathione (GSSG) and malondialdehyde (MDA) were measured in circulating mononuclear cells using high-performance liquid chromatography. RESULTS We found that T2DM patients with altered SWM test results had significantly higher GSSG (3.53 ± 0.31 vs. 3.31 ± 0.35 mmol/ml, p < 0.05) and MDA (1.88 ± 0.16 vs. 1.75 ± 0.19 nmol/ml, p < 0.01) values compared to diabetic patients with normal SWM test outcomes. Moreover, altered SWM test results were independently related to age, glycosylated hemoglobin, and GSSG levels, but there was no association between OS markers and altered neuropathy sensitivity score (NSS) values. CONCLUSIONS Alteration of the glutathione system and MDA values in T2DM patients are associated with loss of proprioceptive (pressure) sensitivity, but not with symptomatic polyneuropathy (as evaluated by NSS). This finding may be important for understanding how OS affects distal symmetric polyneuropathy in diabetic patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergio Martinez-Hervás
- Service of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Valencia, Avda Blasco Ibañez, 17, 46010, Valencia, Spain.,CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas asociadas (CIBERDEM), Barcelona, Spain.,Department of Medicine, University of Valencia and INCLIVA, Valencia, Spain
| | - Mercedes Molina Mendez
- Service of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Valencia, Avda Blasco Ibañez, 17, 46010, Valencia, Spain
| | - José Folgado
- Service of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Valencia, Avda Blasco Ibañez, 17, 46010, Valencia, Spain
| | - Carmen Tormos
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain.,CIBER de Obesidad, Madrid, Spain
| | - Pilar Ascaso
- Department of Medicine, University of Valencia and INCLIVA, Valencia, Spain
| | - Marta Peiró
- CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas asociadas (CIBERDEM), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jose T Real
- Service of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Valencia, Avda Blasco Ibañez, 17, 46010, Valencia, Spain. .,CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas asociadas (CIBERDEM), Barcelona, Spain. .,Department of Medicine, University of Valencia and INCLIVA, Valencia, Spain.
| | - Juan F Ascaso
- Service of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Valencia, Avda Blasco Ibañez, 17, 46010, Valencia, Spain.,CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas asociadas (CIBERDEM), Barcelona, Spain.,Department of Medicine, University of Valencia and INCLIVA, Valencia, Spain
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27
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Kim M, Yoo HJ, Kim M, Seo H, Chae JS, Lee SH, Lee JH. Influence of estrogen-related receptor γ (ESRRG) rs1890552 A > G polymorphism on changes in fasting glucose and arterial stiffness. Sci Rep 2017; 7:9787. [PMID: 28852080 PMCID: PMC5575041 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-10192-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2017] [Accepted: 08/04/2017] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
To determine the effects of the estrogen-related receptor γ (ESRRG) rs1890552 A > G polymorphism on dietary advice-mediated changes in fasting glucose and arterial stiffness, 374 subjects with normal fasting glucose (NFG; control group, no treatment) and 142 subjects with impaired fasting glucose (IFG group, dietary advice) were followed for 3.5 years. At follow-up, the GG subjects in the IFG group showed a significant reduction in fasting glucose, which was greater than in the AA subjects. A significant association was observed between ESRRG rs1890552 A > G polymorphism and changes in fasting glucose, brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (ba-PWV), and 8-epi-prostaglandin F2α in the IFG subjects. At baseline, the GG subjects showed a higher ba-PWV than the AA subjects in the IFG group. At the 3.5-year follow-up, subjects with AA or AG showed significant increases in ba-PWV, whereas subjects with GG showed a decrease from baseline. This study suggests that the ESRRG rs1890552 A > G polymorphism may modulate interindividual differences in atrial stiffness, with a reduction in fasting glucose in response to dietary advice in subjects with IFG after a 3.5-year follow-up.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minjoo Kim
- Research Center for Silver Science, Institute of Symbiotic Life-TECH, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722, Korea
| | - Hye Jin Yoo
- National Leading Research Laboratory of Clinical Nutrigenetics/Nutrigenomics, Department of Food and Nutrition, College of Human Ecology, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722, Korea
- Department of Food & Nutrition, Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project, College of Human Ecology, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722, Korea
| | - Minkyung Kim
- Research Center for Silver Science, Institute of Symbiotic Life-TECH, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722, Korea
| | - Haengok Seo
- National Leading Research Laboratory of Clinical Nutrigenetics/Nutrigenomics, Department of Food and Nutrition, College of Human Ecology, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722, Korea
- Department of Food & Nutrition, Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project, College of Human Ecology, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722, Korea
| | - Jey Sook Chae
- Research Center for Silver Science, Institute of Symbiotic Life-TECH, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722, Korea
| | - Sang-Hyun Lee
- Department of Family Practice, National Health Insurance Corporation, Ilsan Hospital, Goyang, 10444, Korea
| | - Jong Ho Lee
- Research Center for Silver Science, Institute of Symbiotic Life-TECH, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722, Korea.
- National Leading Research Laboratory of Clinical Nutrigenetics/Nutrigenomics, Department of Food and Nutrition, College of Human Ecology, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722, Korea.
- Department of Food & Nutrition, Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project, College of Human Ecology, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722, Korea.
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28
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Ma E, Ingram KH, Milne GL, Garvey WT. F2-Isoprostanes Reflect Oxidative Stress Correlated With Lean Mass and Bone Density but Not Insulin Resistance. J Endocr Soc 2017; 1:436-448. [PMID: 29264499 PMCID: PMC5686621 DOI: 10.1210/js.2017-00006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2017] [Accepted: 04/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Context: F2-isoprostanes (F2-isoPs) are biomarkers for oxidative stress in humans and have been shown to be elevated in obesity, cardiovascular disease, and diabetes. Therefore, F2-isoPs are often implicated in oxidative stress contributing to insulin resistance, although this has not been rigorously examined. Objective: To determine whether urinary F2-isoPs are predictive of insulin sensitivity and other clinical metabolic parameters. Participants: Sedentary, weight-stable, nondiabetic adults equilibrated on a standard isocaloric diet. Main Outcome Measures: Insulin sensitivity via hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp, urinary F2-isoPs by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, and body composition by dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry. Results: No correlation was found between 15-F2t-IsoP nor its major metabolite, 2,3-dinor-5,6-dihydro-15-F2t-IsoP, with insulin sensitivity, even after adjusting for age, race, sex, BMI, and smoking status. 15-F2t-IsoP was also not associated with body fat. However, there was a strong negative correlation between 15-F2t-IsoP and lean body mass (LBM; r = −0.46, P = 0.0001), bone mineral content (BMC; r = −0.58, P < 0.0001), bone mineral density (BMD; r = −0.65, P < 0.0001), and skeletal muscle protein 4-hydroxynonenal (4-HNE; r = −0.54, P = 0.0239), another marker of oxidative stress. 15-F2t-IsoP was also positively associated with circulating triglycerides and total cholesterol, and increased as a function of age. Conclusions: Urinary 15-F2t-IsoP and its major metabolite are not associated with insulin sensitivity, suggesting the lipid peroxidation process that produces F2-isoPs does not reflect oxidative stress reactions operative in insulin resistance. However, urinary F2-isoPs were negatively correlated with LBM, BMC, BMD, and muscle 4-HNE. Because lean and bone mass decline as a function of biological aging, F2-isoPs may reflect the oxidative stress operative in the aging process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth Ma
- Department of Nutrition Sciences, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama 35294
| | - Katherine H Ingram
- Department of Exercise Science and Sport Management, Kennesaw State University, Kennesaw, Georgia 30144
| | - Ginger L Milne
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37232
| | - W Timothy Garvey
- Department of Nutrition Sciences, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama 35294.,Department of Medicine, The Birmingham Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Birmingham, Alabama 35233
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29
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Nygaard H, Falch GS, Whist JE, Hollan I, Ellefsen S, Holmboe-Ottesen G, Rønnestad BR, Høstmark AT. Acute effects of post-absorptive and postprandial moderate exercise on markers of inflammation in hyperglycemic individuals. Eur J Appl Physiol 2017; 117:787-794. [PMID: 28255731 DOI: 10.1007/s00421-017-3576-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2016] [Accepted: 02/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Systemic inflammation is involved in the development of several diseases, including cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes. It is known that vigorous exercise affects systemic inflammation, but less is known about exercise at lower intensities. Hyperglycemia can also entail pro-inflammatory responses; however, postprandial hyperglycemia is blunted if the meal is followed by exercise. Hypotheses were: (1) moderate physical exercise acutely affects levels of C-reactive protein (CRP) and serum soluble vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 (sVCAM-1) in hyperglycemic individuals and (2) the effect depends on whether the activity is performed in a post-absorptive or postprandial state. METHODS Twelve participants diagnosed with hyperglycemia, but not using anti-diabetic medication, underwent three test days in a randomized cross-over study; 1 control day without exercise, 1 day with 60 min of treadmill walking ending 30 min before breakfast, and 1 day with an identical bout of activity 30 min after the start of breakfast. Food intake was strictly standardized and venous blood for CRP, and sVCAM-1 analysis was sampled at standardized timepoints during the first 3.5 h after breakfast and once 24 h later. RESULTS Merged data from the two exercise days showed that sVCAM-1 increased from baseline (4 ± 16 ng/mL) compared to the control condition (-28 ± 47 ng/mL, ES = 0.7, p = 0.024). There was no statistically significant difference in changes in sVCAM-1 levels between the two exercise test days. Exercise did not affect CRP values. CONCLUSION Moderate exercise increases sVCAM-1 in hyperglycemic individuals, whereas it does not affect CRP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Håvard Nygaard
- Section for Sport Science, Lillehammer University College, PB 952, 2604, Lillehammer, Norway.
| | | | - Jon Elling Whist
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Innlandet Hospital Trust, PB 990, 2629, Lillehammer, Norway
- Department of Research, Innlandet Hospital Trust, Brumunddal, Norway
| | - Ivana Hollan
- Hospital for Rheumatic Diseases, Margrethe Grundtvigs veg 6, 2609, Lillehammer, Norway
- Department of Research, Innlandet Hospital Trust, Brumunddal, Norway
- Division of Rheumatology, Immunology and Allergy, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Stian Ellefsen
- Section for Sport Science, Lillehammer University College, PB 952, 2604, Lillehammer, Norway
| | - Gerd Holmboe-Ottesen
- Department of Community Medicine, Institute of Health and Society, University of Oslo, PB 1130 Blindern, 0318, Oslo, Norway
| | - Bent R Rønnestad
- Section for Sport Science, Lillehammer University College, PB 952, 2604, Lillehammer, Norway
| | - Arne T Høstmark
- Department of Community Medicine, Institute of Health and Society, University of Oslo, PB 1130 Blindern, 0318, Oslo, Norway
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Prior SL, Barry JD, Caplin S, Min T, Grant DA, Stephens JW. Temporal changes in plasma markers of oxidative stress following laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy in subjects with impaired glucose regulation. Surg Obes Relat Dis 2017; 13:162-168. [DOI: 10.1016/j.soard.2016.08.501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2016] [Revised: 08/17/2016] [Accepted: 08/28/2016] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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Goharinia M, Zareei A, Rahimi M, Mirkhani H. Can allopurinol improve retinopathy in diabetic rats? Oxidative stress or uric acid; which one is the culprit? Res Pharm Sci 2017; 12:401-408. [PMID: 28974978 PMCID: PMC5615870 DOI: 10.4103/1735-5362.213985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Allopurinol, an inhibitor of xanthine oxidase, reduces both plasma uric acid and oxidative stress and shows useful effects on some complications of diabetes. However, it is not defined which of the above mentioned properties are involved. Moreover, to the best of our knowledge no study has been done on the effects of allopurinol on diabetic retinopathy. In the present study, the effect of allopurinol on experimental diabetic retinopathy and its possible mechanism has been investigated. Thirty two rats were divided into four groups of eight rats each; (1) normal, (2) diabetic control, (3) diabetic + allopurinol (50 mg/kg.day), (4) diabetic + benzbromarone (10 mg/kg.day). Drugs were administered daily and orally from the day after diabetes induction for eight weeks. Thereafter retinal function and structure were evaluated by electroretinography and microscopic studies. Uric acid and oxidative stress biomarkers were measured biochemically. Diabetes significantly increased plasma uric acid and oxidative stress markers and reduced body weight and amplitude of electroretinogram (ERG) b-wave and oscillatory potentials. Treatment of diabetic rats with allopurinol caused a significant increase in the amplitude of ERG b-wave (87%) and decrease in blood sugar (20%), uric acid (49%), and 8-iso-prostaglandin F2a (56%), but had no effect on the number of retinal ganglionic cells and oscillatory potentials. Benzbromarone showed no significant effects on the considered parameters except the reduction of uric acid. Allopurinol improved the b-wave amplitude of diabetic rats. It seems that this beneficial effect is due to the reduction of oxidative stress rather than its effect on plasma uric acid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohsen Goharinia
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, I.R. Iran
| | - Athar Zareei
- Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, I.R. Iran
| | - Mansour Rahimi
- Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, I.R. Iran
| | - Hossein Mirkhani
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, I.R. Iran.,Medicinal and Natural Products Chemistry Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, I.R. Iran
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Böger RH, Schwedhelm E, Maas R, Quispe-Bravo S, Skamira C. ADMA and oxidative stress may relate to the progression of renal disease: rationale and design of the VIVALDI study. Vasc Med 2016. [DOI: 10.1177/1358836x0501000114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
The renin angiotensin system has been shown to be involved in the patho genesis of vascular and renal sequelae of diabetes mellitus. In type 2 diabetes mel litus, angiotensin receptor blockers have been shown to exert clinical benefit by reducing the progression of diabetic nephropathy. They also improve endothelium- mediated vascular function. The latter effect is partly due to the reduction of angiotensin II-associated oxidative stress. Moreover, small clinical studies have shown that treatment with angiotensin receptor blockers also reduces the circulating levels of asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA), an endogenous inhibitor of nitric oxide (NO) synthase. In the VIVALDI trial, the ability of the angiotensin receptor blocker telmisartan to reduce the progression of diabetic nephropathy (associated with proteinuria) in com parison with valsartan in more than 800 patients with type 2 diabetes during 1 year of treatment is being studied. In order to gain more detailed insight into the poten tial pathomechanisms associated with this effect, further end-points have been defined. Among these are the circulating levels of ADMA and the urinary excretion rate of 8-iso-prostaglandin F2α (8-iso-PGF 2α). The former is an endogenous inhibitor of NO-mediated vascular function(s) and a prospectively determined marker of major cardiovascular events and mortality; the latter is a lipid peroxidation product resulting from the nonenzymatic peroxidation of arachidonic acid, which exerts detrimental vascular effects similar to those of thromboxane A2. Urinary 8-iso-PGF 2α has been shown in clinical studies to be an independent marker of cardiovascular disease. Highlighting the effects of telmisartan on ADMA and 8-iso-PGF levels in such a large cohort of diabetic patients will enhance our understanding of the roles of dys functional NO metabolism and redox mechanisms in the pathogenesis of end-organ damage and its prevention by pharmacotherapy with angiotensin receptor blockers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rainer H Böger
- Institute of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology,
University Hospital Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Edzard Schwedhelm
- Institute of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology,
University Hospital Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Renke Maas
- Institute of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology,
University Hospital Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | | | - Cord Skamira
- Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH, Ingelheim, Germany
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Stepanichev MY, Markov DA, Freiman SV, Frolova OA, Omelyanchik SN, Borodina TA, Novikova MR, Kanunnikova NP, Onufriev MV, Moiseenok AG, Gulyaeva NV. Combined treatment with pantothenic acid derivatives and memantine alleviates scopolamine-induced amnesia in rats: The involvement of the thiol redox state and coenzyme A. NEUROCHEM J+ 2016. [DOI: 10.1134/s1819712416020094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
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Masi S, D'Aiuto F, Cooper J, Salpea K, Stephens JW, Hurel SJ, Deanfield JE, Humphries SE. Telomere length, antioxidant status and incidence of ischaemic heart disease in type 2 diabetes. Int J Cardiol 2016; 216:159-64. [PMID: 27156058 PMCID: PMC4900130 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2016.04.130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2016] [Revised: 04/01/2016] [Accepted: 04/16/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Background Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is associated with an increased risk of ischaemic heart disease (IHD). An accelerated process of vascular ageing induced by an increased oxidative stress exposure is suggested as potential pathway accounting for this association. However, no studies have explored the relationship between markers of vascular ageing, measures of oxidative stress and risk of IHD in T2D. Objectives To explore the association between plasma antioxidant status, marker of cellular ageing (leukocyte telomere length, LTL) and 10 years risk of IHD in patients with T2D. Methods Between 2001 and 2002, 489 Caucasians subjects with T2D were enrolled at the diabetic clinic, University College London Hospital. Plasma total anti-oxidant status (TAOS) and LTL were measured by photometric microassay and RT-PCR, respectively. The incidence of IHD over 10 years was determined through linkage with the national clinical audit of acute coronary syndrome in UK. Results At baseline, TAOS was associated with LTL (age adjusted: r = 0.106, p = 0.024). After 10 years, 61 patients developed IHD. Lower TAOS and shorter LTL at baseline predicted an increased IHD risk at follow-up (age adjusted: p = 0.033 and p = 0.040, respectively). These associations were independent of age, gender, cardiovascular risk factors, circulating levels of CRP and medication differences. Conclusions Reduced TAOS and short LTL are interrelated pathways which predict risk of IHD in patients with T2D. Our findings suggest that antioxidant defences are important to maintain telomere integrity, potentially reducing the progression of vascular ageing in patients with T2D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefano Masi
- National Centre for Cardiovascular Prevention and Outcomes (NCCPO), Institute of Cardiovascular Science, University College London, UK; Department of Clinical Gerontology, King's College London, UK.
| | - Francesco D'Aiuto
- Periodontology Department, Eastman Dental Institute, University College London, UK
| | - Jackie Cooper
- Division of Cardiovascular Genetics, British Heart Foundation Laboratories, Institute of Cardiovascular Science, University College London, UK
| | - Klelia Salpea
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Biomedical Sciences Research Center "Alexander Fleming", Athens, Greece
| | - Jeffrey W Stephens
- Diabetes Research Group, College of Medicine, Swansea University, Swansea, UK
| | - Steven J Hurel
- Department of Endocrinology, University College London Hospital, London, UK
| | - John E Deanfield
- National Centre for Cardiovascular Prevention and Outcomes (NCCPO), Institute of Cardiovascular Science, University College London, UK
| | - Steve E Humphries
- Division of Cardiovascular Genetics, British Heart Foundation Laboratories, Institute of Cardiovascular Science, University College London, UK
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Holland N, Huen K, Tran V, Street K, Nguyen B, Bradman A, Eskenazi B. Urinary Phthalate Metabolites and Biomarkers of Oxidative Stress in a Mexican-American Cohort: Variability in Early and Late Pregnancy. TOXICS 2016; 4. [PMID: 28008399 PMCID: PMC5171220 DOI: 10.3390/toxics4010007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
Abstract
People are exposed to phthalates through their wide use as plasticizers and in personal care products. Many phthalates are endocrine disruptors and have been associated with adverse health outcomes. However, knowledge gaps exist in understanding the molecular mechanisms associated with the effects of exposure in early and late pregnancy. In this study, we examined the relationship of eleven urinary phthalate metabolites with isoprostane, an established marker of oxidative stress, among pregnant Mexican-American women from an agricultural cohort. Isoprostane levels were on average 20% higher at 26 weeks than at 13 weeks of pregnancy. Urinary phthalate metabolite concentrations suggested relatively consistent phthalate exposures over pregnancy. The relationship between phthalate metabolite concentrations and isoprostane levels was significant for the sum of di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate and the sum of high molecular weight metabolites with the exception of monobenzyl phthalate, which was not associated with oxidative stress at either time point. In contrast, low molecular weight metabolite concentrations were not associated with isoprostane at 13 weeks, but this relationship became stronger later in pregnancy (p-value = 0.009 for the sum of low molecular weight metabolites). Our findings suggest that prenatal exposure to phthalates may influence oxidative stress, which is consistent with their relationship with obesity and other adverse health outcomes.
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Zhang Y, Du Y, He JF, Li KJ. 8-iso-prostaglandin-F2α: a possible trigger or accelerator of diabetic retinopathy. Int J Ophthalmol 2016; 9:163-5. [PMID: 26949628 DOI: 10.18240/ijo.2016.01.27] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2014] [Accepted: 05/06/2015] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Ying Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
| | - Yi Du
- Department of Ophthalmology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
| | - Jian-Feng He
- Department of Ophthalmology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
| | - Kai-Jun Li
- Department of Ophthalmology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
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Exercise at lunchtime: effect on glycemic control and oxidative stress in middle-aged men with type 2 diabetes. Eur J Appl Physiol 2015; 116:573-82. [DOI: 10.1007/s00421-015-3317-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2015] [Accepted: 12/13/2015] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
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Elabed K, Trabelsi K, Ghlissi Z, Stannard SR, Leeuwenburgh C, Jamoussi K, Sahnoun Z, Zeghal KM, Hakim A. Effect of resistance training during the month of Ramadan on antioxidants and oxidative stress biomarkers in recreational bodybuilders. BIOL RHYTHM RES 2015. [DOI: 10.1080/09291016.2015.1015232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
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Malinska H, Kahleova H, Topolcan O, Vrzalova J, Oliyarnyk O, Kazdova L, Belinova L, Hill M, Pelikanova T. Postprandial oxidative stress and gastrointestinal hormones: is there a link? PLoS One 2014; 9:e103565. [PMID: 25141237 PMCID: PMC4139261 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0103565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2013] [Accepted: 07/02/2014] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Abnormal postprandial elevation of plasma glucose and lipids plays an important role in the pathogenesis of diabetes and strongly predicts cardiovascular mortality. In patients suffering from type 2 diabetes (T2D) postprandial state is associated with oxidative stress, cardiovascular risk and, probably, with impairment of both secretion and the effect of gastrointestinal peptides. Evaluating postprandial changes of gastrointestinal hormones together with changes in oxidative stress markers may help to understand the mechanisms behind the postprandial state in diabetes as well as suggest new preventive and therapeutical strategies. Methods A standard meal test has been used for monitoring the postprandial concentrations of gastrointestinal hormones and oxidative stress markers in patients with T2D (n = 50) compared to healthy controls (n = 50). Blood samples were drawn 0, 30, 60, 120 and 180 minutes after the standard meal. Results Both basal and postprandial plasma concentrations of glucose and insulin proved to be significantly higher in patients with T2D, whereas plasma concentrations of ghrelin showed significantly lower values during the whole meal test. In comparison with healthy controls, both basal and postprandial concentrations of almost all other gastrointestinal hormones and lipoperoxidation were significantly increased while ascorbic acid, reduced glutathione and superoxide dismutase activity were decreased in patients with T2D. A positive relationship was found between changes in GIP and those of glucose and immunoreactive insulin in diabetic patients (p<0.001 and p<0.001, respectively) and between changes in PYY and those of glucose (p<0.01). There was a positive correlation between changes in GIP and PYY and changes in ascorbic acid in patients with T2D (p<0.05 and p<0.001, respectively). Conclusion/Interpretation Apart from a positive relationship of postprandial changes in GIP and PYY with changes in ascorbic acid, there was no direct link observed between gastrointestinal hormones and oxidative stress markers in diabetic patients. Trial Registration ClinicalTrials.gov NCT01572402
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Affiliation(s)
- Hana Malinska
- Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Hana Kahleova
- Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Prague, Czech Republic
- * E-mail: (HK); (TP)
| | | | | | - Olena Oliyarnyk
- Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Ludmila Kazdova
- Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Lenka Belinova
- Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Prague, Czech Republic
- Charles University, 1st Faculty of Medicine, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Martin Hill
- Institute of Endocrinology, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Terezie Pelikanova
- Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Prague, Czech Republic
- * E-mail: (HK); (TP)
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Hypoxic treatment of human dual placental perfusion induces a preeclampsia-like inflammatory response. J Transl Med 2014; 94:873-80. [PMID: 24933425 DOI: 10.1038/labinvest.2014.76] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2014] [Accepted: 04/15/2014] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Preeclampsia is a human pregnancy-specific disorder characterized by a placental pro-inflammatory response in combination with an imbalance of angiogenic factors and clinical symptoms, including hypertension and proteinuria. Insufficient uteroplacental oxygenation in preeclampsia due to impaired trophoblast invasion during placentation is believed to be responsible for many of the molecular events leading to the clinical manifestations of this disease. We investigated the use of hypoxic treatment of the dual placental perfusion system as a model for preeclampsia. A modified perfusion technique allowed us to achieve a mean soluble oxygen tension within the intervillous space (IVS) of 5-7% for normoxia and <3% for hypoxia (as a model for preeclampsia). We assayed for the levels of different inflammatory cytokines, oxidative stress markers, as well as other factors, such as endothelin (ET)-1 that are known to be implicated as part of the inflammatory response in preeclampsia. Our results show a significant increase under hypoxia in the levels of different inflammatory cytokines, including IL-6 (P=0.002), IL-8 (P<0.0001), TNF-α (P=0.032) and IFN-γ (P=0.009) at 360 min in maternal venous samples (n=6). There was also a significant increase in ET-1 levels under hypoxia both on the maternal side at 30 min (P=0.003) and fetal side at 360 min (P=0.036) (n=6). Other markers of oxidative stress, including malondialdehyde and 8-iso-protaglandin F2α (P=0.009) also show increased levels. Overall, these findings indicate that exposure of ex vivo dually perfused placental tissue to hypoxia provides a useful model for mimicking the inflammatory response characteristic of preeclampsia. This would therefore provide a powerful tool for studying and further delineating the molecular mechanisms involved in the underlying pathophysiology of preeclampsia.
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Obesity and follicular fluid oxidative stress: Relationship to ICSI outcome. MIDDLE EAST FERTILITY SOCIETY JOURNAL 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mefs.2013.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
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Khor A, Grant R, Tung C, Guest J, Pope B, Morris M, Bilgin A. Postprandial oxidative stress is increased after a phytonutrient-poor food but not after a kilojoule-matched phytonutrient-rich food. Nutr Res 2014; 34:391-400. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nutres.2014.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2013] [Revised: 04/06/2014] [Accepted: 04/09/2014] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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Abstract
Atherothrombotic complications are important causes of morbidity and mortality in diabetic patients. Diabetes has been considered to be a prothrombotic status. Several factors contribute to the prothrombotic condition, such as increasing coagulation, impaired fibrinolysis, endothelial dysfunction, and platelet hyperreactivity. Among the factors that contribute to the prothrombotic status in diabetes, altered platelet function plays a crucial role. Although understanding platelet function abnormalities in diabetes still remains as a challenge, more attention should be focused on platelet function for effective management and the prediction of atherothrombotic events in diabetic patients. This review will provide an overview on the current status of knowledge of platelet function abnormalities and clinical marker of platelet hyperreactivity in patients with diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Hwa Kim
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Chosun University Hospital, Chosun University School of Medicine, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Hak Yeon Bae
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Chosun University Hospital, Chosun University School of Medicine, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Sang Yong Kim
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Chosun University Hospital, Chosun University School of Medicine, Gwangju, Korea
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Abstract
Physical exercise is firmly incorporated in the management of type 1 diabetes (T1DM), due to multiple recognized beneficial health effects (cardiovascular disease prevention being preeminent). When glycemic values are not excessively low or high at the time of exercise, few absolute contraindications exist; practical guidelines regarding amount, type, and duration of age-appropriate exercise are regularly updated by entities such as the American Diabetes Association and the International Society for Pediatric and Adolescent Diabetes. Practical implementation of exercise regimens, however, may at times be problematic. In the poorly controlled patient, specific structural changes may occur within skeletal muscle fiber, which is considered by some to be a disease-specific myopathy. Further, even in well-controlled patients, several homeostatic mechanisms regulating carbohydrate metabolism often become impaired, causing hypo- or hyperglycemia during and/or after exercise. Some altered responses may be related to inappropriate exogenous insulin administration, but are often also partly caused by the "metabolic memory" of prior glycemic events. In this context, prior hyperglycemia correlates with increased inflammatory and oxidative stress responses, possibly modulating key exercise-associated cardio-protective pathways. Similarly, prior hypoglycemia correlates with impaired glucose counterregulation, resulting in greater likelihood of further hypoglycemia to develop. Additional exercise responses that may be altered in T1DM include growth factor release, which may be especially important in children and adolescents. These multiple alterations in the exercise response should not discourage physical activity in patients with T1DM, but rather should stimulate the quest for the identification of the exercise formats that maximize beneficial health effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pietro Galassetti
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California Irvine, Irvine, California, USA.
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Madhu SV, Muduli SK, Avasthi R. Abnormal glycemic profiles by CGMS in obese first-degree relatives of type 2 diabetes mellitus patients. Diabetes Technol Ther 2013; 15:461-5. [PMID: 23631606 DOI: 10.1089/dia.2012.0333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The conventionally used oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) has been the mainstay for diagnosis of diabetes and prediabetes. However, recent studies have indicated that a continuous glucose monitoring system (CGMS) could detect impaired glycemia much earlier than OGTT, especially in certain groups. We aimed to study the 24-h glucose profile of high-risk obese first-degree relatives of type 2 diabetes patients by CGMS and ascertain if it was better than OGTT for early detection of type 2 diabetes. SUBJECTS AND METHODS CGMS data of 20 subjects each in normal glucose tolerance (NGT), impaired fasting glucose (IFG), impaired glucose tolerance (IGT), and newly detected diabetes mellitus (NDDM) groups were obtained. We considered minimum, maximum, mean, and range of glucose levels as well as number, duration, and area under the curve (AUC) for excursions. RESULTS We found three (15%) NGT, seven (35%) IFG, and eight (40%) IGT subjects showed excursions in the diabetes range, whereas 18 (90%) NGT and 17 (85%) pure IFG subjects showed excursions in the IGT range. The maximum glucose values for NGT and IFG subjects were 176.0±41.4 mg/dL and 186.5±39.3 mg/dL, respectively, which is much above the present 2-h OGTT cutoff limit of 140 mg/dL. However, the average number of excursions and AUC of excursions did not differ significantly among the NGT, IFG, and IGT groups. The differences in the duration of excursion between NGT subjects with IFG values and NGT subjects with IGT values were statistically significant for an excursion limit of 140 mg/dL. However, this did not differ significantly between the IFG and IGT groups. CONCLUSIONS CGMS indicated the presence of significant dysglycemia in first-degree relatives of diabetes patients without diabetes who were centrally obese. Hence it could be useful for early identification of individuals at greater risk of diabetes. A deranged glycemic profile may precede onset of overt diabetes by a long time, which may partly explain why some patients with new-onset type 2 diabetes or even prediabetes present with vascular complications at the outset.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sri Venkata Madhu
- Department of Medicine, University College of Medical Sciences, Delhi-110095, India.
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Musiek ES, Morrow JD. F2-isoprostanes as markers of oxidant stress: an overview. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013; Chapter 17:Unit 17.5. [PMID: 23045114 DOI: 10.1002/0471140856.tx1705s24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
The isoprostanes are a unique series of prostaglandin-like compounds formed in vivo via a non-enzymatic mechanism involving the free radical-initiated peroxidation of arachidonic acid. This unit summarizes selected aspects regarding current knowledge of these compounds and their value as markers of oxidative injury. Novel aspects related to the biochemistry of isoprostane formation are discussed and methods by which these compounds can be analyzed and quantified are summarized. A considerable portion of this unit examines the utility of F(2)-isoprostanes as markers of oxidant injury in vitro and in vivo. Numerous studies carried out over the past decade have shown that these compounds are extremely accurate measures of lipid peroxidation in animals and humans and have illuminated the role of oxidant injury in a number of human diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erik S Musiek
- Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
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Das UN. Arachidonic acid and lipoxin A4 as possible endogenous anti-diabetic molecules. Prostaglandins Leukot Essent Fatty Acids 2013; 88:201-10. [PMID: 23295193 DOI: 10.1016/j.plefa.2012.11.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2012] [Revised: 11/25/2012] [Accepted: 11/28/2012] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
In both type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus, increased production of pro-inflammatory cytokines and reactive oxygen species (ROS) occurs that induce apoptosis of β cells and cause peripheral insulin resistance respectively though the degree of their increased production is higher in type 1 and less in type 2 diabetes mellitus. Despite this, the exact mechanism(s) that lead to increased production of pro-inflammatory cytokines: interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and ROS is not known. Studies showed that plasma concentrations of arachidonic acid (AA) and lipoxin A4 (LXA4) are low in alloxan-induced type 1 diabetes mellitus in experimental animals and patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Prior administration of AA, eicosapentaenoic and docosahexaenoic acids (EPA and DHA, respectively) and transgenic animals that produce increased amounts of EPA and DHA acids were protected from chemical-induced diabetes mellitus that was associated with enhanced formation of LXA4 and resolvins, while protectin D1 ameliorated peripheral insulin resistance. AA, LXA4, resolvins and protectins inhibit IL-6 and TNF-α production and suppress ROS generation. Thus, AA and lipoxins, resolvins and protectins may function as endogenous anti-diabetic molecules implying that their administration could be useful in the prevention and management of both types of diabetes mellitus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Undurti N Das
- UND Life Sciences, 13800 Fairhill Road 321, Shaker Heights, OH 44120, USA.
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Nasry M, Abo-Youssef A, Abd El-Latif H. Anti-diabetic activity of the petroleum ether extract of Guar gum in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats: A comparative study. BENI-SUEF UNIVERSITY JOURNAL OF BASIC AND APPLIED SCIENCES 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bjbas.2013.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
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Wang R, Yin FZ, Qin CM, Liu B, Ma CM, Lu Q. One-hour postload plasma glucose levels is associated with the production of hydrogen peroxide in abdominal obese men with normal glucose tolerance. Int J Diabetes Dev Ctries 2012. [DOI: 10.1007/s13410-012-0105-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
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Verma M, Paneri S, Badi P, Raman PG. Effect of increasing duration of diabetes mellitus type 2 on glycated hemoglobin and insulin sensitivity. Indian J Clin Biochem 2012; 21:142-6. [PMID: 23105586 DOI: 10.1007/bf02913083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) is the most rapidly growing chronic metabolic disorder in the world. With advancement in the age and duration of diabetes there is a gradual tendency for the level of blood sugar to rise along with a subsequent increase in the HbA1c as well as in the fasting insulin level. Whether this is an aging process or increased frequency of diabetes is still controversial. The correlation between glucose and insulin sensitivity is consistent with the idea that the degree of chronic hyperglycemia is a cause of excessive insulin resistance in type 2 diabetes, i.e. the insulin resistance which characterizes type 2 diabetes but not nondiabetic subjects matched for age, gender, family history and duration of diabetes. The study comprised a total of 76 subjects out of which 30 were normal, non-diabetic persons and the rest 46 were diabetics with different duration of time in years, after being diagnosed diabetic. Data was analyzed after dividing the subjects into four groups-Group 1 comprised of one year old diabetics, Group 2 was made up of those, who had diabetes, for the past 2-5 years, Group 3 included patients who were diabetic since more than 5 years and Group 4 included non-diabetics as the normal control group. The results obtained indicated that the HbA1c levels showed a significant increase with the duration of diabetes as well as the insulin level showed a significant correlation after adjustment for age, sex and duration of diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meena Verma
- Dept. of Biochemistry, M.G.M. Medical College, 452 001 Indore, India
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