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Wabnitz C, Canavan A, Chen W, Reisbeck M, Bakkour R. Quartz Crystal Microbalance as a Holistic Detector for Quantifying Complex Organic Matrices during Liquid Chromatography: 1. Coupling, Characterization, and Validation. Anal Chem 2024; 96:7429-7435. [PMID: 38683884 PMCID: PMC11099895 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.3c05440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Abstract
A matrix in highly complex samples can cause adverse effects on the trace analysis of targeted organic compounds. A suitable separation of the target analyte(s) and matrix before the instrumental analysis is often a vital step for which chromatographic cleanup methods remain one of the most frequently used strategies, particularly high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The lack of a simple real-time detection technique that can quantify the entirety of the matrix during this step, especially with gradient solvents, renders optimization of the cleanup challenging. This paper, along with a companion one, explores the possibilities and limitations of quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) dry-mass sensing for quantifying complex organic matrices during gradient HPLC. To this end, this work coupled a QCM and a microfluidic spray dryer with a commercial HPLC system using a flow splitter and developed a calibration and data processing strategy. The system was characterized in terms of detection and quantification limits, with LOD = 4.3-15 mg/L and LOQ = 16-52 mg/L, respectively, for different eluent compositions. Validation of natural organic matter in an environmental sample against offline total organic carbon analysis confirmed the approach's feasibility, with an absolute recovery of 103 ± 10%. Our findings suggest that QCM dry-mass sensing could serve as a valuable tool for analysts routinely employing HPLC cleanup methods, offering potential benefits across various analytical fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher Wabnitz
- TUM School of Natural Sciences, Chair of Analytical Chemistry and Water Chemistry, Technical University of Munich, Garching 85748, Germany
| | - Aoife Canavan
- TUM School of Natural Sciences, Chair of Analytical Chemistry and Water Chemistry, Technical University of Munich, Garching 85748, Germany
| | - Wei Chen
- TUM School of Natural Sciences, Chair of Analytical Chemistry and Water Chemistry, Technical University of Munich, Garching 85748, Germany
| | - Mathias Reisbeck
- TUM School of Computation, Information and Technology, Heinz Nixdorf Chair of Biomedical Electronics, Technical University of Munich, Munich 81675, Germany
| | - Rani Bakkour
- TUM School of Natural Sciences, Chair of Analytical Chemistry and Water Chemistry, Technical University of Munich, Garching 85748, Germany
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Peng B, Xie Y, Lai Q, Liu W, Ye X, Yin L, Zhang W, Xiong S, Wang H, Chen H. Pesticide residue detection technology for herbal medicine: current status, challenges, and prospects. ANAL SCI 2024; 40:581-597. [PMID: 38367162 DOI: 10.1007/s44211-024-00515-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 02/19/2024]
Abstract
The domains of cancer therapy, disease prevention, and health care greatly benefit from the use of herbal medicine. Herbal medicine has become the mainstay of developing characteristic agriculture in the planting area increasing year by year. One of the most significant factors in affecting the quality of herbal medicines is the pesticide residue problem caused by pesticide abuse during the cultivation of herbal medicines. It is urgent to solve the problem of detecting pesticide residues in herbal medicines efficiently and rapidly. In this review, we provide a comprehensive description of the various methods used for pesticide residue testing, including optical detection, the enzyme inhibition rate method, molecular detection methods, enzyme immunoassays, lateral immunochromatographic, nanoparticle-based detection methods, colorimetric immunosensor, chemiluminescence immunosensor, smartphone-based immunosensor, etc. On this basis, we systematically analyze the mechanisms and some of the findings of the above detection strategies and discuss the challenges and prospects associated with the development of pesticide residue detection tools.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Peng
- Guangzhou Huashang Vocational College, Guangzhou, 510000, China
| | - Yueliang Xie
- Guangdong Agriculture Industry Business Polytechnic, Guangzhou, 510000, China
| | - Qingfu Lai
- Guangzhou Huashang Vocational College, Guangzhou, 510000, China
| | - Wen Liu
- Guangdong Agriculture Industry Business Polytechnic, Guangzhou, 510000, China
| | - Xuelan Ye
- Guangzhou Huashang Vocational College, Guangzhou, 510000, China
| | - Li Yin
- Guangzhou Huashang Vocational College, Guangzhou, 510000, China
| | - Wanxin Zhang
- Guangzhou Huashang Vocational College, Guangzhou, 510000, China
| | - Suqin Xiong
- Guangzhou Huashang Vocational College, Guangzhou, 510000, China
| | - Heng Wang
- Guangdong Haid Group Co., Ltd, Guangzhou, 510000, China.
| | - Hui Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomics, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, 518055, China.
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Rani M, Yadav J, Shanker U, Wang C. Recent updates on remediation approaches of environmentally occurring pollutants using visible light-active nano-photocatalysts. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024; 31:22258-22283. [PMID: 38418782 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-024-32455-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
Photocatalysis emerges as a potential remedy for the issue of an unreliable light source. Recognized as the most dependable and potent energy source sustaining life on Earth, sunlight offers a promising solution. Sunlight is abundant and free, operational costs associated with running photocatalytic system using nanoparticles are often lower compared to system relying on artificial light source. The escalating problem of water pollution, particularly in highly industrialized nations, necessitates effective wastewater treatment methods. These methods aim to combat elevated pollution levels, encompassing pharmaceuticals, dyes, flame retardants, and pesticide components. Advanced oxidation processes within photocatalytic wastewater treatment exhibit substantial promise for removing complex organic pollutants. Doped nanomaterials, with their enhanced properties, enable efficient utilization of light. Coupled nanomaterials present significant potential in addressing both water and energy challenges by proficiently eliminating persistent pollutants from environment. Photocatalysis when exposed to sunlight can absorb photons and generate e- h + pairs. This discussion briefly outlines the wastewater treatment facilitated by interconnected nanomaterials, emphasizing their role in water-energy nexus. In exploring the capabilities of components within a functional photocatalyst, a comprehensive analysis of both simple photocatalysts and integrated photocatalytic systems is undertaken. Review aims to provide detailed explanation of the impact of light source on photon generation and significance of solar light on reaction kinetics, considering various parameters such as catalyst dosage, pH, temperature, and types of oxidants. By shedding light on these aspects, this review seeks to enhance our understanding of intricate processes involved in photocatalysis and its potential applications in addressing contemporary environmental challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manviri Rani
- Department of Chemistry, Malaviya National Institute of Technology Jaipur, Jaipur, Rajasthan, 302017, India
| | - Jyoti Yadav
- Department of Chemistry, Malaviya National Institute of Technology Jaipur, Jaipur, Rajasthan, 302017, India
| | - Uma Shanker
- Department of Chemistry, Dr B R Ambedkar National Institute of Technology, Jalandhar, Punjab, India, 144027.
| | - Chongqing Wang
- School of Chemical Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
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Shrestha S, Lamichhane B, Chaudhary N. Method Validation and Measurement Uncertainty Estimation for Determination of Multiclass Pesticide Residues in Tomato by Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). Int J Anal Chem 2024; 2024:3846392. [PMID: 38235055 PMCID: PMC10794073 DOI: 10.1155/2024/3846392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Revised: 12/29/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 01/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Method validation is an essential technique for ensuring the reliability and accuracy of an analytical method. This study aimed to optimize and validate a fast, reliable, and accurate method for quantitatively determining pesticide residues of diverse chemical classes in the tomato matrix. Various method performance characteristics were tested and compared with predefined criteria. Twenty-six different pesticides of diverse chemical classes were selected based on their use in tomato cultivation and the availability of reference materials. The pesticide residues in tomato samples were extracted with the QuEChERS technique with some modifications, followed by injection into an LC-MS/MS system operating in an optimized method. The validated method demonstrated reasonable specificity, as there were no interferences from matrix components at the retention times of pesticides. The calibration curves for all pesticides exhibited excellent linearities, with correlation coefficients exceeding 0.99. No significant matrix effect was observed for all pesticides in tomatoes, as the values fell within the range of ±20%. All pesticides were quantified successfully at a concentration of 5 μg/kg except for carbaryl, with an average recovery of more than 70% and a relative standard deviation of less than 20%. Similarly, measurement uncertainties were also estimated based on the validation data, and the values were found below the default limit of 50%. Subsequently, the validated method was applied to analyze 52 locally collected tomato samples. Study findings revealed that only four of the studied pesticides were detected in these samples, and their concentrations were below the maximum residue limits (500 µg/kg each for carbendazim, imidacloprid, and metalaxyl) established for tomatoes by the Government of Nepal and the Codex Alimentarius Commission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suraj Shrestha
- National Food and Feed Reference Laboratory, Department of Food Technology and Quality Control, Kathmandu, Nepal
| | - Bandana Lamichhane
- National Food and Feed Reference Laboratory, Department of Food Technology and Quality Control, Kathmandu, Nepal
| | - Nibedita Chaudhary
- National Food and Feed Reference Laboratory, Department of Food Technology and Quality Control, Kathmandu, Nepal
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Zang Y, Hang N, Sui J, Duan S, Zhao W, Tao J, Li S. Magnetic Persimmon Leaf Composite: Preparation and Application in Magnetic Solid-Phase Extraction of Pesticides in Water Samples. Molecules 2023; 29:45. [PMID: 38202628 PMCID: PMC10780136 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29010045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Revised: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
In recent years, the utilization of biomass materials for the removal and detection of water pollutants has garnered considerable attention. This study introduces, for the first time, the preparation of Fe3O4/persimmon leaf magnetic biomass composites. The magnetic composites were employed in a magnetic solid-phase extraction method, coupled with gas chromatography-electron capture detection (GC-ECD), for the analysis of four pesticides (trifluralin, triadimefon, permethrin, and fenvalerate) in environmental water samples. The innovative magnetic persimmon leaf composites were synthesized by in situ generation of Fe3O4 nanoparticles through coprecipitation and loaded onto persimmon leaves. These composites exhibit superparamagnetism with a saturation magnetization of 12.8 emu g-1, facilitating rapid phase separation using a magnetic field and reducing the extraction time to 10 min. Desorption can be achieved within 30 s by aspirating 20 times, eliminating the need for time-consuming and labor-intensive experimental steps like filtration and centrifugation. The specific surface area of the magnetic composite adsorbent increased from 1.3279 m2 g-1 for the original persimmon leaf to 5.4688 m2 g-1. The abundant hydroxyl and carboxyl groups on the composites provide ample adsorption sites, resulting in adsorption capacities ranging from 55.056 mg g-1 to 73.095 mg g-1 for the studied pesticides. The composites exhibited extraction recoveries ranging from 80% to 90% for the studied pesticides. Compared to certain previously reported MSPE methods, this approach achieves equivalent or higher extraction recoveries in a shorter operation time, demonstrating enhanced efficiency and convenience. Good linearity of the target analytes was obtained within the range of 0.75-1500 μg L-1, with a determination of coefficient (R2) greater than 0.999. These findings contribute to the use of magnetic persimmon leaf biomass materials as effective and environmentally friendly adsorbents for pollutant determination in water samples.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Songqing Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Forest Pest Control, College of Forestry, Beijing Forestry University, No. 35 Qinghua East Road, Beijing 100083, China; (Y.Z.); (N.H.); (J.S.); (S.D.); (W.Z.); (J.T.)
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Accurate Determination of Pesticide Residues in Milk by Sonication-QuEChERS Extraction and LC-LTQ/Orbitrap Mass Spectrometry. SEPARATIONS 2023. [DOI: 10.3390/separations10030146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/24/2023] Open
Abstract
A modified, quick, easy, cheap, effective, rugged, and safe (QuEChERS) extraction procedure combined with sonication and Ultra-High Performance Liquid Chromatography–Orbitrap-Mass Spectrometry (UHPLC–Orbitrap-MS) was developed as a sensitive and reliable methodology for the determination of multiclass pesticides in full-fat milk. Different amounts of EMR-lipid sorbent were assayed for the cleanup step in order to achieve both acceptably high recoveries and low co-extractives in the final extracts. Accurate mass measurements of the analyte’s pseudo-molecular ions and tandem MS fragmentation were used to quantify and identify the target pesticides. Analytical performance characteristics of the method, such as linearity, recovery, precision, the limit of detection (LOD) and quantification (LOQ), matrix effects (ME), and expanded uncertainty, have been determined for method validation fulfilling all criteria for its use as a validated routine method. The method was successfully applied to real samples (by local farms and commercial), revealing the presence of carbendazim in one milk sample at a concentration level below the maximum residue limits.
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Kim BJ, Yang SH, Choi H. Simultaneous Determination of Pyrethroid Insecticides in Foods of Animal Origins Using the Modified QuEChERS Method and Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry. Foods 2022; 11:foods11223634. [PMID: 36429228 PMCID: PMC9689788 DOI: 10.3390/foods11223634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2022] [Revised: 10/27/2022] [Accepted: 11/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Pyrethroid insecticides are used in agriculture to treat parasites in livestock. This study developed a simultaneous residue analysis method to measure seventeen pyrethroid insecticides in foods of animal origin, including beef, pork, chicken, milk, and eggs. The method, which comprises instrumental analysis using gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry and a modified QuEChERS (quick, easy, cheap, effective, rugged, and safe) method for pretreatment, was optimized to verify the applicability of the method. A mixture of acetonitrile, ethyl acetate, and original salt (MgSO4 4 g, NaCl 1 g) was used as the extraction solvent and salt. MgSO4 (150 mg) primary secondary amine (25 mg) and graphitized carbon black (25 mg) were selected for dispersive solid phase extraction (d-SPE). The method limit of quantitation was 0.01 mg/L, and the linearity of the matrix-matched calibration curves was reasonable (R2 > 0.99). Recovery tests were performed at three concentrations (LOQ, 10 LOQ, and 50 LOQ). Good recoveries (75.2109.8%) and reproducibility (coefficient of variation <10%) were obtained. The matrix effects were in the range of −35.8 to 56.0%. The established method was fully validated and can be used as an official analytical method for quantifying pyrethroid insecticides in animal commodities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Byung Joon Kim
- Hansalim Agro-Food Analysis Center, Hankyong National University Industry Academic Cooperation Foundation, Suwon 16500, Korea
| | - Seung-Hyun Yang
- Healthcare Advanced Chemical Research Institute, Environmental Toxicology & Chemistry Center, Hwasun-gun 58141, Korea
| | - Hoon Choi
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Wonkwang University, Iksan 54538, Korea
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-63-850-6678
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Comparison of QuEChERS and Liquid–Liquid extraction methods for the simultaneous analysis of pesticide residues using LC-MS/MS. Food Control 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2022.109202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Wahab S, Muzammil K, Nasir N, Khan MS, Ahmad MF, Khalid M, Ahmad W, Dawria A, Reddy LKV, Busayli AM. Advancement and New Trends in Analysis of Pesticide Residues in Food: A Comprehensive Review. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 11:1106. [PMID: 35567107 PMCID: PMC9105315 DOI: 10.3390/plants11091106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2022] [Revised: 04/05/2022] [Accepted: 04/16/2022] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Food safety is a rising challenge worldwide due to the expanding population and the need to produce food to feed the growing population. At the same time, pesticide residues found in high concentrations in fresh agriculture pose a significant threat to food safety. Presently, crop output is being increased by applying herbicides, fungicides, insecticides, pesticides, fertilizers, nematicides, and soil amendments. A combination of factors, including bioaccumulation, widespread usage, selective toxicity, and stability, make pesticides among the most toxic compounds polluting the environment. They are especially harmful in vegetables and fruits because people are exposed to them. Thus, it is critical to monitor pesticide levels in fruits and vegetables using all analytical techniques available. Any evaluation of the condition of pesticide contamination in fruits and vegetables necessitates knowledge of maximum residue levels (MRLs). We set out the problems in determining various types of pesticides in vegetables and fruits, including the complexity and the diversity of matrices in biological materials. This review examines the different analytical techniques to determine the target analytes that must be isolated before final consumption. Many processes involved determining pesticide residues in fruits and vegetables and their advantages and disadvantages have been discussed with recommendations. Furthermore, MRLs of target pesticide residues in fruit and vegetable samples are discussed in the context of data from the literature. The review also examines MRLs' impact on the international trade of fruits and vegetables. Accurate, sensitive, and robust analytical procedures are critical to ensuring that pesticide levels in food products are effectively regulated. Despite advances in detection technology, effective sample preparation procedures for pesticide residue measurement in cereals and feedstuffs are still needed. In addition, these methods must be compatible with current analytical techniques. Multi-residue approaches that cover a wide range of pesticides are desired, even though pesticides' diverse natures, classes, and physio-chemical characteristics make such methods challenging to assemble. This review will be valuable to food analysts and regulatory authorities to monitor the quality and safety of fresh food products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shadma Wahab
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Khalid University, Abha 61421, Saudi Arabia
| | - Khursheed Muzammil
- Department of Public Health, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Khamis Mushait, King Khalid University, Abha 61412, Saudi Arabia; (K.M.); (M.S.K.)
| | - Nazim Nasir
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Khamis Mushait, King Khalid University, Abha 61412, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Mohammad Suhail Khan
- Department of Public Health, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Khamis Mushait, King Khalid University, Abha 61412, Saudi Arabia; (K.M.); (M.S.K.)
| | - Md Faruque Ahmad
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Jazan University, Jazan 45142, Saudi Arabia; (M.F.A.); (A.M.B.)
| | - Mohammad Khalid
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 173, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Wasim Ahmad
- Department of Pharmacy, Mohammed Al-Mana College for Medical Sciences, Safaa, Dammam 34222, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Adam Dawria
- Department of Public Health, College of Health Sciences, Khamis Mushait Campus, King Khalid University, Abha 61412, Saudi Arabia;
| | | | - Abdulrahman Mohammed Busayli
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Jazan University, Jazan 45142, Saudi Arabia; (M.F.A.); (A.M.B.)
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Pitoi MM, Harmoko H, Tresnawati A, Pardede HF, Ariyani M, Ridwan YS, Yusiasih R. Pesticide residues in fruits and vegetables in Indonesia: findings of five-year proficiency testing. ACCREDITATION AND QUALITY ASSURANCE : JOURNAL FOR QUALITY, COMPARABILITY AND RELIABILITY IN CHEMICAL MEASUREMENT 2022; 27:181-193. [PMID: 35572789 PMCID: PMC9087159 DOI: 10.1007/s00769-022-01502-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2022] [Accepted: 03/02/2022] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
The first proficiency testing of pesticides in fruits and vegetables in Indonesia is reported. This report covers the findings of five-year proficiency testings. Every year, from 2016 to 2020, 18-25 laboratories join the proficiency testings and analyze 5-11 pesticides in tomato, orange, lettuce, brown rice, strawberry respectively. The number of laboratories participating in the proficiency testings tends to increase, although only 38 % of the laboratories are able to report all pesticides. More than 72 % of participants use QuEChERS or its modifications for sample preparation, all participants use gas chromatography or liquid chromatography for separation, at least 20 % of participants still rely on detectors other than mass spectrophotometer for detection, and 20 %-60 % of participants use matrix-matched calibration for quantification. The performance of laboratories is evaluated as z-score with an average of 90.8 % achieves satisfactory results while 3.3 % and 5.9 % achieve questionable and unsatisfactory results correspondingly. Overall, the performance of laboratory participants during proficiency testings is good. However, improvement is still needed, especially for the number of target pesticides for multi-residue pesticide analysis. Moreover, unsatisfactory z-scores are likely to be resulted from laboratories which use conventional solvent extraction, use detectors other than mass spectrometers, and are not accredited.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariska M. Pitoi
- Research Center for Environmental and Clean Technology, National Research and Innovation Agency, Bandung, Indonesia
| | - Harmoko Harmoko
- Directorate of Standardization and Quality Control, Ministry of Trade Republic of Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Astika Tresnawati
- Directorate of Standardization and Quality Control, Ministry of Trade Republic of Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Hilman F. Pardede
- Research Center for Data and Information Sciences, National Research and Innovation Agency, Bandung, Indonesia
| | - Miranti Ariyani
- Research Center for Environmental and Clean Technology, National Research and Innovation Agency, Bandung, Indonesia
| | - Yohanes S. Ridwan
- Research Center for Environmental and Clean Technology, National Research and Innovation Agency, Bandung, Indonesia
| | - Retno Yusiasih
- Research Center for Environmental and Clean Technology, National Research and Innovation Agency, Bandung, Indonesia
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de Andrade JC, Galvan D, Effting L, Tessaro L, Aquino A, Conte-Junior CA. Multiclass Pesticide Residues in Fruits and Vegetables from Brazil: A Systematic Review of Sample Preparation Until Post-Harvest. Crit Rev Anal Chem 2021; 53:1174-1196. [PMID: 34908509 DOI: 10.1080/10408347.2021.2013157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/24/2023]
Abstract
Brazil annually produces around 43 million tons of fruits and vegetables. Therefore, large amounts of pesticides are needed to grow these foods. The use of unauthorized or indiscriminate pesticides can lead to the adherence of residues of these compounds to the product in a concentration above the maximum residue limit (MRL). Pesticide residues (PRs) monitoring is a continuous challenge due to several factors influencing the detection of these compounds in the food matrix. Currently, several adaptations to conventional techniques have been developed to minimize these problems. This systematic review presents the main information obtained from 52 research articles, taken from five databases, on changes and advances in Brazil in sample preparation methods for determining PRs in fruits and vegetables in the last nine years. We cover the preexisting ones and some others that might be suitable alternatives approaches. In addition, we present a brief discussion on the monitoring of PRs in different Brazilian regions, and we found that residues belonging to the organophosphate and pyrethroid classes were detected more frequently. Approximately 67% of the residues detected are of irregular use in 28 types of fruits and vegetables commonly consumed and exported by Brazil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jelmir Craveiro de Andrade
- Center for Food Analysis (NAL), Technological Development Support Laboratory (LADETEC), Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Cidade Universitária, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Laboratory of Advanced Analysis in Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (LAABBM), Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Cidade Universitária, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Nanotechnology Network, Carlos Chagas Filho Research Support Foundation of the State of Rio de Janeiro (FAPERJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Graduate Program in Chemistry (PGQu), Institute of Chemistry (IQ), Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Diego Galvan
- Center for Food Analysis (NAL), Technological Development Support Laboratory (LADETEC), Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Cidade Universitária, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Laboratory of Advanced Analysis in Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (LAABBM), Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Cidade Universitária, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Nanotechnology Network, Carlos Chagas Filho Research Support Foundation of the State of Rio de Janeiro (FAPERJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Graduate Program in Chemistry (PGQu), Institute of Chemistry (IQ), Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Luciane Effting
- Chemistry Department, State University of Londrina (UEL), Londrina, Brazil
| | - Letícia Tessaro
- Center for Food Analysis (NAL), Technological Development Support Laboratory (LADETEC), Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Cidade Universitária, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Laboratory of Advanced Analysis in Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (LAABBM), Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Cidade Universitária, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Nanotechnology Network, Carlos Chagas Filho Research Support Foundation of the State of Rio de Janeiro (FAPERJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Graduate Program in Chemistry (PGQu), Institute of Chemistry (IQ), Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Adriano Aquino
- Center for Food Analysis (NAL), Technological Development Support Laboratory (LADETEC), Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Cidade Universitária, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Laboratory of Advanced Analysis in Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (LAABBM), Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Cidade Universitária, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Nanotechnology Network, Carlos Chagas Filho Research Support Foundation of the State of Rio de Janeiro (FAPERJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Graduate Program in Chemistry (PGQu), Institute of Chemistry (IQ), Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Carlos Adam Conte-Junior
- Center for Food Analysis (NAL), Technological Development Support Laboratory (LADETEC), Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Cidade Universitária, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Laboratory of Advanced Analysis in Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (LAABBM), Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Cidade Universitária, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Nanotechnology Network, Carlos Chagas Filho Research Support Foundation of the State of Rio de Janeiro (FAPERJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Graduate Program in Chemistry (PGQu), Institute of Chemistry (IQ), Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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Jinadasa B, Moreda-Piñeiro A, Fowler SW. Ultrasound-Assisted Extraction in Analytical Applications for Fish and Aquatic Living Resources, a Review. FOOD REVIEWS INTERNATIONAL 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/87559129.2021.1967378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- B.K.K.K. Jinadasa
- Analytical Chemistry Laboratory (ACL), National Aquatic Resources Research & Development Agency (NARA), Colombo-15, Sri Lanka
- Le Blanc-Mesnil, France
| | - Antonio Moreda-Piñeiro
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Nutrition, & Bromatology, Faculty Of Chemistry, Universidade De Santiago De Compostela. Avenida Das Ciencias, Santiago De Compostela, Spain
| | - Scott W. Fowler
- School of Marine & Atmospheric Sciences, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook,New York, USA
- Institute Bobby, Cap d’Ail, France
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Zuluaga M, Yathe-G L, Rosero-Moreano M, Taborda-Ocampo G. Multi-residue analysis of pesticides in blood plasma using hollow fiber solvent bar microextraction and gas chromatography with a flame ionization detector. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2021; 82:103556. [PMID: 33259956 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2020.103556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2020] [Revised: 11/21/2020] [Accepted: 11/24/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The challenges faced on pesticide extraction from biological samples are finding a method that allows a multi-residue extraction, pre-concentration, clean-up, and isolation of analytes in just one step. In this sense, the hollow fiber - liquid phase microextraction method (HF- LPME) in the "solvent bar" mode was used to optimize and validate a method for pesticide multi-residue analysis in blood plasma at trace levels, through gas chromatography coupled with a flame ionization detector (GC-FID). Hollow fiber solvent bar microextraction HF-SBME was carried out with octanol immobilized into the pores of hydrophobic polypropylene fiber and disposed within a matrix of blood plasma, spiked with a mixture of pesticides (monocrotophos, lindane, aldrin, methyl parathion, endosulfan, dieldrin, DDD, DDT, and endrin). The optimization parameters evaluated were: extraction temperature and time, stirring speed, and salt concentration. A principal component analysis was performed to visualize the analytes' behaviour based on their explained variance, and then, a Box-Behnken analysis was generated to identify the optimum parameters. According to the PCA, all pesticides showed similar responses to the extraction method and the response of dieldrin exhibit the lowest variance. Moreover, the stationary points selected from the Box-Behnken analysis were 25.5 °C for the extraction temperature, 870 rpm for stirring speed, 16 min for extraction time, and 8.3 % w/v of salt concentration. Moreover, the validation results proved that HF-SBME is an alternative technique for pesticide multi-residue extraction in blood plasma. The analytes were able to concentrate, reaching 46 fold enrichment. The solvent type, sample and solvent volume were narrowed down without changing the method's precision or accuracy. The relative standard deviation was under 10 %, and the recovery was between 55 % and 105 % for the different analytes excepting lindane, which had lower recovery (27 %). The detection limits were 0.02 until 0.13 μg mL-1 for most of the pesticides used. Finally, HF-SBME is a good alternative for pesticide multi-residue extraction in complex matrices like plasma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martha Zuluaga
- Grupo de Investigación en Cromatografía y Técnicas Afines GICTA, Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Caldas, Calle 65 No 26-10, Manizales, 170004, Colombia; Universidad Nacional Abierta y a Distancia, Escuela de Ciencias Básicas Tecnología e Ingeniería. Diagonal 25 F Carrera 23, Dosquebradas, Colombia
| | - Laura Yathe-G
- Grupo de Investigación en Cromatografía y Técnicas Afines GICTA, Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Caldas, Calle 65 No 26-10, Manizales, 170004, Colombia
| | - Milton Rosero-Moreano
- Grupo de Investigación en Cromatografía y Técnicas Afines GICTA, Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Caldas, Calle 65 No 26-10, Manizales, 170004, Colombia
| | - Gonzalo Taborda-Ocampo
- Grupo de Investigación en Cromatografía y Técnicas Afines GICTA, Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Caldas, Calle 65 No 26-10, Manizales, 170004, Colombia.
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14
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Metabolomics: A Tool for Cultivar Phenotyping and Investigation of Grain Crops. AGRONOMY-BASEL 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/agronomy10060831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The quality of plants is often enhanced for diverse purposes such as improved resistance to environmental pressures, better taste, and higher yields. Considering the world’s dependence on plants (nutrition, medicine, or biofuel), developing new cultivars with superior characteristics is of great importance. As part of the ‘omics’ approaches, metabolomics has been employed to investigate the large number of metabolites present in plant systems under well-defined environmental conditions. Recent advances in the metabolomics field have greatly expanded our understanding of plant metabolism, largely driven by potential application to agricultural systems. The current review presents the workflow for plant metabolome analyses, current knowledge, and future directions of such research as determinants of cultivar phenotypes. Furthermore, the value of metabolome analyses in contemporary crop science is illustrated. Here, metabolomics has provided valuable information in research on grain crops and identified significant biomarkers under different conditions and/or stressors. Moreover, the value of metabolomics has been redefined from simple biomarker identification to a tool for discovering active drivers involved in biological processes. We illustrate and conclude that the rapid advances in metabolomics are driving an explosion of information that will advance modern breeding approaches for grain crops and address problems associated with crop productivity and sustainable agriculture.
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15
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Guo Z, Zhu Z, Huang S, Wang J. Non-targeted screening of pesticides for food analysis using liquid chromatography high-resolution mass spectrometry-a review. Food Addit Contam Part A Chem Anal Control Expo Risk Assess 2020; 37:1180-1201. [DOI: 10.1080/19440049.2020.1753890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Zeqin Guo
- College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, P. R. China
| | - Zhiguo Zhu
- College of Pharmacy and Life Science, Jiujiang University, Jiujiang, P.R. China
| | - Sheng Huang
- College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, P. R. China
| | - Jianhua Wang
- College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, P. R. China
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16
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Yousefi M, Rahimi-Nasrabadi M, Mirsadeghi S, Pourmortazavi SM. Supercritical Fluid Extraction of Pesticides and Insecticides from Food Samples and Plant Materials. Crit Rev Anal Chem 2020; 51:482-501. [PMID: 32295402 DOI: 10.1080/10408347.2020.1743965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The principal intention of this study is presenting the attempts carried out for extracting, separating, and determining of the pesticide and insecticide residues existing in food and plant samples. In this regard, a set of content, including the explanations about the supercritical fluid extraction (SFE), supercritical fluid chromatography, and various types of pesticides are indicated. Besides, the parameters affecting the pesticides extraction composed of temperature, pressure, modifier, drying agent, and so on are discussed. Also, examples of insecticides extraction by SFE technique as an important subset of pesticides are indicated. Along with these items, some interesting works, concerning the innovations implemented in the field of SFE of pesticide and insecticide residues from foodstuff and plants are depicted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Yousefi
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Science, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mehdi Rahimi-Nasrabadi
- Chemical Injuries Research Center, Systems Biology and Poisonings Institute, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Faculty of Pharmacy, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Somayeh Mirsadeghi
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, 1411713137, Tehran, Iran
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17
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Wu J, Zhang H, Peng X. Rapid determination of organophosphorus pesticides in edible vegetable oils by direct microextraction using magnetic mesoporous silica microspheres. SEPARATION SCIENCE PLUS 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/sscp.201900095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jian‐Yuan Wu
- Clinical Trial CenterZhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University Wuhan 430071 P. R. China
| | - Hui‐Xian Zhang
- Institute of Agricultural Quality Standards and Testing Technology ResearchHubei Academy of Agricultural Science Wuhan 430064 P. R. China
| | - Xi‐Tian Peng
- Institute of Agricultural Quality Standards and Testing Technology ResearchHubei Academy of Agricultural Science Wuhan 430064 P. R. China
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18
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Lehner AF, Stensen L, Zimmerman A, Bush A, Buchweitz J. Veterinary utility of dried blood spots for detailed analysis of chlorinated pesticides and polychlorinated biphenyls by gas chromatography tandem mass spectrometry. Toxicol Mech Methods 2020; 30:284-296. [PMID: 31994964 DOI: 10.1080/15376516.2020.1722773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Persistent organic pollutants (POPs) are organic compounds of anthropogenic origin that resist atmospheric and microbial degradation and thus persist in the environment and in food chains for exceptionally long periods of time. Veterinarians and wildlife researchers need simple methodologies for monitoring and measuring such compounds including two large and diverse categories, organochlorine pesticides (OCs) and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), compounds that have been largely banned from production and use except for specific exceptions. We present development of methodologies for detection and quantitation of 22 OCs and 10 PCB congeners by tandem quadrupole gas chromatography-mass spectrometric analysis of Dried Blood Spots (DBS). Development was enabled by (1) optimization of suspension and extraction methodologies for DBS; (2) strategic streamlining and condensation of Multiple Reaction Monitoring (MRM) settings on GC/MS/MS; and (3) improvement of GC settings to accommodate all 32 compounds in a single chromatographic run per sample. The method was validated for parameters of linearity, limits of detection and quantitation, recovery and precision, and results from blood were shown to correlate well with those from DBS despite both being only 50 uL in volume. The method was applied successfully to blood samples from nine avian specimens submitted to the MSU Veterinary Diagnostic Lab, and all were shown to bear the burden of varying levels of OCs and/or PCB compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas F Lehner
- Michigan State University Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory, Toxicology Section, Michigan State University, Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Lauren Stensen
- Michigan State University Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory, Toxicology Section, Michigan State University, Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Alan Zimmerman
- Michigan State University Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory, Toxicology Section, Michigan State University, Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Adam Bush
- Michigan State University Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory, Toxicology Section, Michigan State University, Lansing, MI, USA
| | - John Buchweitz
- Michigan State University Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory, Toxicology Section, Michigan State University, Lansing, MI, USA.,Michigan State University College of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Pathobiology and Diagnostic Investigation, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
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19
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Liu A, Kou W, Zhang H, Xu J, Zhu L, Kuang S, Huang K, Chen H, Jia Q. Quantification of Trace Organophosphorus Pesticides in Environmental Water via Enrichment by Magnetic-Zirconia Nanocomposites and Online Extractive Electrospray Ionization Mass Spectrometry. Anal Chem 2020; 92:4137-4145. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.0c00304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Aiying Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Preparative Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130012, P. R. China
| | - Wei Kou
- State Key Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Preparative Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130012, P. R. China
| | - Hua Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Preparative Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130012, P. R. China
| | - Jiaquan Xu
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory for Mass Spectrometry and Instrumentation, East China University of Technology, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330013, P. R. China
| | - Lixue Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Preparative Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130012, P. R. China
| | - Siliang Kuang
- State Key Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Preparative Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130012, P. R. China
| | - Keke Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Preparative Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130012, P. R. China
| | - Huanwen Chen
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory for Mass Spectrometry and Instrumentation, East China University of Technology, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330013, P. R. China
| | - Qiong Jia
- College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130012, P. R. China
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20
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Muhammad R, Ahad K, Mehboob F. Extraction techniques for pesticide residues analysis in edible oils and role of sorbents in cleanup. SEPARATION SCIENCE PLUS 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/sscp.201900066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rashid Muhammad
- Ecotoxicology Research ProgramNational Agricultural Research Center (NARC) Park Road Islamabad 45500 Pakistan
| | - Karam Ahad
- Ecotoxicology Research ProgramNational Agricultural Research Center (NARC) Park Road Islamabad 45500 Pakistan
| | - Farrakh Mehboob
- Ecotoxicology Research ProgramNational Agricultural Research Center (NARC) Park Road Islamabad 45500 Pakistan
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21
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Ma W, Tang W, Row KH. Characterization of Deep Eutectic Solvents for Dispersive Liquid–Liquid Microextraction for Phenolics. ANAL LETT 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/00032719.2016.1277533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wanwan Ma
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Inha University, Incheon, Korea
| | - Weiyang Tang
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Inha University, Incheon, Korea
| | - Kyung Ho Row
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Inha University, Incheon, Korea
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22
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Qin Y, Zhang J, He Y, Han Y, Zou N, Li Y, Chen R, Li X, Pan C. Automated Multiplug Filtration Cleanup for Pesticide Residue Analyses in Kiwi Fruit (Actinidia chinensis) and Kiwi Juice by Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2016; 64:6082-6090. [PMID: 26809284 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.5b06027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
To reduce labor-consuming manual operation workload in the cleanup steps, an automated multiplug filtration cleanup (m-PFC) method for QuEChERS (quick, easy, cheap, effective, rugged, and safe) extracts was developed. It could control the volume and speed of pulling and pushing cycles accurately. In this study, m-PFC was based on multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) mixed with primary-secondary amines (PSA) and anhydrous magnesium sulfate (MgSO4) in a packed column for analysis of pesticide residues followed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) detection. It was validated by analyzing 33 pesticides in kiwi fruit and kiwi juice matrices spiked at two concentration levels of 10 and 100 μg/kg. Salts, sorbents, m-PFC procedure, 4 mL of automated pulling and pushing volume, 6 mL/min automated pulling speed, and 8 mL/min pushing speed were optimized for each matrix. After optimization, spike recoveries were within 71-120% and <20% RSD for all analytes in kiwi fruit and kiwi juice. Matrix-matched calibrations were performed with the coefficients of determination >0.99 between concentration levels of 10 and 1000 μg/kg. The developed method was successfully applied to the determination of pesticide residues in market samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhong Qin
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Science, China Agricultural University , Beijing 100193, China
| | - Jingru Zhang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Science, China Agricultural University , Beijing 100193, China
| | - Yining He
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Science, China Agricultural University , Beijing 100193, China
| | - Yongtao Han
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Science, China Agricultural University , Beijing 100193, China
| | - Nan Zou
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Science, China Agricultural University , Beijing 100193, China
| | - Yanjie Li
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Science, China Agricultural University , Beijing 100193, China
| | - Ronghua Chen
- Institute of Pesticide and Environmental Toxicology, Guangxi University , Nanning 530005, China
| | - Xuesheng Li
- Institute of Pesticide and Environmental Toxicology, Guangxi University , Nanning 530005, China
| | - Canping Pan
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Science, China Agricultural University , Beijing 100193, China
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23
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Della Pelle F, Di Crescenzo MC, Sergi M, Montesano C, Di Ottavio F, Scarpone R, Scortichini G, Compagnone D. Micro-solid-phase extraction (µ-SPE) of organophosphorous pesticides from wheat followed by LC-MS/MS determination. Food Addit Contam Part A Chem Anal Control Expo Risk Assess 2015; 33:291-9. [PMID: 26600315 DOI: 10.1080/19440049.2015.1123818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
A rapid, selective and effective method of extraction, clean-up and concentration of organophosphorous pesticides from wheat followed by electrospray (ESI) LC-MS/MS analysis was developed. The μ-SPE (micro-solid-phase extraction) procedure resulted in good analytical performance and reduced at the same time matrix effects, analysis time and solvent consumption. Limits of detection (LODs) and quantification (LOQs) were in the range of 0.3-10 and 1-30 μg kg(-1), respectively, with good reproducibility (RSD ≤ 13.8) and recoveries between 75% and 109%. Coefficients of determination (r(2)) were greater than 0.996 for the studied pesticides. Despite the reduced sorbent bed mass of μ-SPE tips (4.2 mg), the analytical data showed that no saturation phenomena occurs in the tested range of concentration both for single compounds and mixtures. Several real samples were analysed and the concentrations of the selected pesticides were found to be below the respective maximum residue limit (MRLs).
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Affiliation(s)
- Flavio Della Pelle
- a Faculty of Bioscience and Technology for Food, Agriculture and Environment , University of Teramo , Teramo , Italy
| | - Maria Chiara Di Crescenzo
- a Faculty of Bioscience and Technology for Food, Agriculture and Environment , University of Teramo , Teramo , Italy
| | - Manuel Sergi
- a Faculty of Bioscience and Technology for Food, Agriculture and Environment , University of Teramo , Teramo , Italy
| | - Camilla Montesano
- b Department of Chemistry , Sapienza University of Rome , Rome , Italy
| | - Francesca Di Ottavio
- a Faculty of Bioscience and Technology for Food, Agriculture and Environment , University of Teramo , Teramo , Italy.,b Department of Chemistry , Sapienza University of Rome , Rome , Italy
| | - Rossana Scarpone
- c Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell'Abruzzo e del Molise 'G. Caporale' , Teramo , Italy
| | - Giampiero Scortichini
- c Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell'Abruzzo e del Molise 'G. Caporale' , Teramo , Italy
| | - Dario Compagnone
- a Faculty of Bioscience and Technology for Food, Agriculture and Environment , University of Teramo , Teramo , Italy
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24
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Wang YL, Liu ZM, Ren J, Guo BH. Development of a Method for the Analysis of Multiclass Antibiotic Residues in Milk Using QuEChERS and Liquid Chromatography–Tandem Mass Spectrometry. Foodborne Pathog Dis 2015; 12:693-703. [DOI: 10.1089/fpd.2014.1916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Yuan-long Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology, Ministry of Science & Technology, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Dairy Biotechnology, Shanghai, China
- Dairy Research Institute, Bright Dairy & Food Co., Ltd., Shanghai, China
| | - Zhen-min Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology, Ministry of Science & Technology, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Dairy Biotechnology, Shanghai, China
- Dairy Research Institute, Bright Dairy & Food Co., Ltd., Shanghai, China
| | - Jing Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology, Ministry of Science & Technology, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Dairy Biotechnology, Shanghai, China
| | - Ben-heng Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology, Ministry of Science & Technology, Shanghai, China
- Dairy Research Institute, Bright Dairy & Food Co., Ltd., Shanghai, China
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25
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SiO2/polyvinylimidazole hybrid polymer as a sorbent for extraction by matrix solid-phase dispersion (MSPD): synthesis, characterization, and evaluation. JOURNAL OF POLYMER RESEARCH 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s10965-015-0677-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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26
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Yarita T, Otake T, Aoyagi Y, Kuroiwa T, Numata M, Takatsu A. Proficiency testing for determination of pesticide residues in soybean: comparison of assigned values from participants' results and isotope-dilution mass spectrometric determination. Talanta 2015; 132:269-77. [PMID: 25476308 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2014.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2014] [Revised: 08/30/2014] [Accepted: 09/02/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Proficiency testing (PT) for the determination of pesticide residues in soybean samples was organized by the National Metrology Institute of Japan (NMIJ). The candidate certified reference material, NMIJ CRM 7509-a, that was prepared from the raw soybeans containing target pesticides (diazinon, fenitrothion, chlorpyrifos, and permethrin) was used as the test sample. Forty participants submitted two sets of analytical results along with the details of the analytical method and conditions they applied. Two types of assigned values were established for each target pesticide: one was derived from the analytical results of the participants, and the other was provided from the analytical results by isotope-dilution mass spectrometry (IDMS). The latter values were 7.4-16% higher than the former values, plausibly because the analytical values from the IDMS measurements were not affected by the recovery ratio of the target pesticides during the analytical process. Thus, two kinds of z-scores were calculated for individual participants using the corresponding assigned values: one (z1-score) showed the relative performance score for the present PT and the other (z2-score) could be used for evaluation of the trueness of their analytical methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takashi Yarita
- National Metrology Institute of Japan (NMIJ), National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), AIST Tsukuba Central 3, Umezono, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8563, Japan.
| | - Takamitsu Otake
- National Metrology Institute of Japan (NMIJ), National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), AIST Tsukuba Central 3, Umezono, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8563, Japan
| | - Yoshie Aoyagi
- National Metrology Institute of Japan (NMIJ), National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), AIST Tsukuba Central 3, Umezono, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8563, Japan
| | - Takayoshi Kuroiwa
- National Metrology Institute of Japan (NMIJ), National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), AIST Tsukuba Central 3, Umezono, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8563, Japan
| | - Masahiko Numata
- National Metrology Institute of Japan (NMIJ), National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), AIST Tsukuba Central 3, Umezono, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8563, Japan
| | - Akiko Takatsu
- National Metrology Institute of Japan (NMIJ), National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), AIST Tsukuba Central 3, Umezono, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8563, Japan
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27
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Otake T, Yarita T, Aoyagi Y, Numata M, Takatsu A. Evaluation of the performance of 57 Japanese participating laboratories by two types of z-scores in proficiency test for the quantification of pesticide residues in brown rice. Anal Bioanal Chem 2014; 406:7337-44. [DOI: 10.1007/s00216-014-8160-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2014] [Revised: 08/28/2014] [Accepted: 09/03/2014] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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28
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Oellig C, Schwack W. Planar solid phase extraction clean-up and microliter-flow injection analysis–time-of-flight mass spectrometry for multi-residue screening of pesticides in food. J Chromatogr A 2014; 1351:1-11. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2014.05.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2014] [Revised: 05/09/2014] [Accepted: 05/13/2014] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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29
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Pereira V, Fernandes J, Cunha S. Mycotoxins in cereals and related foodstuffs: A review on occurrence and recent methods of analysis. Trends Food Sci Technol 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2014.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 230] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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30
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Barchanska H, Kowalska A, Poloczek B. Extraction procedures for the study of phytotoxicity and degradation processes of selected triketones in a water ecosystem. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2014; 21:4751-8. [PMID: 24363051 PMCID: PMC3945236 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-013-2425-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2013] [Accepted: 12/01/2013] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Simple and effective extraction methods based on matrix solid-phase dispersion (MSPD), dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction (DLLME), and solid-phase extraction (SPE) coupled with high-performance liquid chromatography with diode array detector (HPLC-DAD) were developed to determine triketone herbicides-sulcotrione (SUL), mesotrione (MES), tembotrione (TEMB), and their degradation products-in plant tissues and water samples. The extraction procedures were employed to enable quantification of the accumulation of selected triketone herbicides and their degradation products in a model aquatic plant, Egeria densa. To obtain comprehensive information about the triketones' influence on an aquatic plant, changes in chlorophyll concentration in plants exposed to these triketones were monitored. The average recovery ranged from 58 to 115 % (coefficients of variation 7-12 %) for plant tissues and from 52 to 96 % (coefficients of variation 8-20 %) for water samples. The limit of detection (LOD) for the MSPD-HPLC-DAD procedure was in the range of 0.06-0.23 μg/g, whereas for DLLME-HPLC-DAD and SPE-HPLC-DAD, LOD was in the range of 0.06-0.26 μg/mL. Symptoms of the phytotoxicity of sulcotrione, mesotrione, tembotrione, and their degradation products (decrease of chlorophyll concentration in plant sprouts) were observed for E. densa cultivated in water with herbicide concentrations of 100 μg/L. Moreover, the tembotrione degradation product exhibited a high level of accumulation and low metabolism in plant tissues in comparison to the other triketones and their degradation products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanna Barchanska
- Department of Inorganic, Analytical Chemistry and Electrochemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Silesian University of Technology, B. Krzywoustego 6 Str, 44-100, Gliwice, Poland,
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Yarita T, Otake T, Aoyagi Y, Kuroda Y, Numata M, Iwata H, Watai M, Mitsuda H, Fujikawa T, Ota H. Development of soybean certified reference material for pesticide residue analysis. Talanta 2014; 119:255-61. [PMID: 24401412 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2013.11.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2013] [Revised: 11/03/2013] [Accepted: 11/04/2013] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
A soybean certified reference material for pesticide residue analysis was developed by the National Metrology Institute of Japan. Three organophosphorus (diazinon, fenitrothion, chlorphyrifos) and one pyrethroid (permethrin) pesticides were sprayed on soybeans three times before harvest. These soybeans were freeze pulverized, homogenized, bottled, and sterilized by γ-irradiation to prepare the candidate material. Three isotope-dilution mass spectrometric methods that varied in terms of the solvents used for extraction of the target pesticides, the clean-up procedure, and the injection techniques and columns used for quantification via gas chromatography/mass spectrometry were applied to the characterization. Each target pesticide was quantified by two of these analytical methods, and the results were in good agreement. Homogeneity and stability assessment of the material demonstrated that the relative standard uncertainties due to the inhomogeneity and the instability for an expiry date of 55 months were 1.89-4.00% and 6.65-11.5%, respectively. The certified pesticide concentrations with expanded uncertainties (coverage factor k=2, approximate 95% confidence interval) calculated using the results of the characterization and the homogeneity and stability assessment were 21.7 ± 3.2 μg/kg for diazinon, 88 ± 21 μg/kg for fenitrothion, 11.1 ± 3.2 μg/kg for chlorpyrifos, and 20.1 ± 4.3 μg/kg for permethrin (as the sum of the constituent isomers).
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Affiliation(s)
- Takashi Yarita
- National Metrology Institute of Japan (NMIJ), National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), AIST Tsukuba Central 3, Umezono, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8563, Japan.
| | - Takamitsu Otake
- National Metrology Institute of Japan (NMIJ), National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), AIST Tsukuba Central 3, Umezono, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8563, Japan
| | - Yoshie Aoyagi
- National Metrology Institute of Japan (NMIJ), National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), AIST Tsukuba Central 3, Umezono, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8563, Japan
| | - Youko Kuroda
- National Metrology Institute of Japan (NMIJ), National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), AIST Tsukuba Central 3, Umezono, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8563, Japan
| | - Masahiko Numata
- National Metrology Institute of Japan (NMIJ), National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), AIST Tsukuba Central 3, Umezono, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8563, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Iwata
- Japan Food Research Laboratories, 6-11-10, Nagayama, Tama, Tokyo 206-0025, Japan
| | - Masatoshi Watai
- Japan Food Research Laboratories, 6-11-10, Nagayama, Tama, Tokyo 206-0025, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Mitsuda
- The General Environmental Technos Co., Ltd. (KANSO Technos), 3-1-1, Higashikuraji, Katano, Osaka 576-0061, Japan
| | - Takashi Fujikawa
- The General Environmental Technos Co., Ltd. (KANSO Technos), 3-1-1, Higashikuraji, Katano, Osaka 576-0061, Japan
| | - Hidekazu Ota
- The General Environmental Technos Co., Ltd. (KANSO Technos), 3-1-1, Higashikuraji, Katano, Osaka 576-0061, Japan
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Oellig C, Schwack W. Planar solid phase extraction clean-up for pesticide residue analysis in tea by liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr A 2012; 1260:42-53. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2012.08.088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2012] [Revised: 08/27/2012] [Accepted: 08/29/2012] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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