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Pogorevc N, Dotsev A, Upadhyay M, Sandoval-Castellanos E, Hannemann E, Simčič M, Antoniou A, Papachristou D, Koutsouli P, Rahmatalla S, Brockmann G, Sölkner J, Burger P, Lymberakis P, Poulakakis N, Bizelis I, Zinovieva N, Horvat S, Medugorac I. Whole-genome SNP genotyping unveils ancestral and recent introgression in wild and domestic goats. Mol Ecol 2024; 33:e17190. [PMID: 37909668 DOI: 10.1111/mec.17190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Revised: 10/04/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023]
Abstract
After the domestication of goats around 10,000 years before the present (BP), humans transported goats far beyond the range of their wild ancestor, the bezoar goat. This brought domestic goats into contact with many wild goat species such as ibex and markhor, enabling introgression between domestic and wild goats. To investigate this, while shedding light on the taxonomic status of wild and domestic goats, we analysed genome-wide SNP data of 613 specimens from 14 taxonomic units, including Capra hircus, C. pyrenaica, C. ibex (from Switzerland, Austria, Germany and Slovenia), C. aegagrus aegagrus, C. a. cretica, C. h. dorcas, C. caucasica caucasica, C. c. severtzovi, C. c. cylindricornis, C. falconeri, C. sibirica sibirica, C. s. alaiana and C. nubiana, as well as Oreamnos americanus (mountain goat) as an outgroup. To trace gene flow between domestic and wild goats, we integrated genotype data of local goat breeds from the Alps as well as from countries such as Spain, Greece, Türkiye, Egypt, Sudan, Iran, Russia (Caucasus and Altai) and Pakistan. Our phylogenetic analyses displayed a clear separation between bezoar-type and ibex-type clades with wild goats from the Greek islands of Crete and Youra clustered within domestic goats, confirming their feral origin. Our analyses also revealed gene flow between the lineages of Caucasian tur and domestic goats that most likely occurred before or during early domestication. Within the clade of domestic goats, analyses inferred gene flow between African and Iberian goats. The detected events of introgression were consistent with previous reports and offered interesting insights into the historical relationships among domestic and wild goats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neža Pogorevc
- Department of Animal Science, Biotechnical Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
- Population Genomics Group, Department of Veterinary Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-University of Munich, Martinsried/Planegg, Germany
| | - Arsen Dotsev
- L.K. Ernst Federal Research Center for Animal Husbandry, Podolsk, Russia
| | - Maulik Upadhyay
- Population Genomics Group, Department of Veterinary Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-University of Munich, Martinsried/Planegg, Germany
| | - Edson Sandoval-Castellanos
- Population Genomics Group, Department of Veterinary Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-University of Munich, Martinsried/Planegg, Germany
| | - Elisabeth Hannemann
- Population Genomics Group, Department of Veterinary Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-University of Munich, Martinsried/Planegg, Germany
| | - Mojca Simčič
- Department of Animal Science, Biotechnical Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Aglaia Antoniou
- Institute of Marine Biology, Biotechnology and Aquaculture (IMBBC), Hellenic Centre for Marine Research (HCMR), Crete, Greece
| | - Dimitris Papachristou
- Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Husbandry, Department of Animal Science, School of Animal Biosciences, Agricultural University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Panagiota Koutsouli
- Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Husbandry, Department of Animal Science, School of Animal Biosciences, Agricultural University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Siham Rahmatalla
- Albrecht Daniel Thaer-Institute for Agricultural and Horticultural Sciences, Animal Breeding and Molecular Genetics, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Gudrun Brockmann
- Albrecht Daniel Thaer-Institute for Agricultural and Horticultural Sciences, Animal Breeding and Molecular Genetics, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Johann Sölkner
- Division of Livestock Sciences, Department of Sustainable Agricultural Systems, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Austria
| | - Pamela Burger
- Department of Interdisciplinary Life Sciences, Research Institute of Wildlife Ecology, Vetmeduni Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Petros Lymberakis
- Natural History Museum of Crete, School of Sciences and Engineering, University of Crete, Irakleio, Greece
| | - Nikos Poulakakis
- Natural History Museum of Crete, School of Sciences and Engineering, University of Crete, Irakleio, Greece
- Biology Department, School of Sciences and Engineering, University of Crete, Irakleio, Greece
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology (IMBB), Foundation for Research and Technology - Hellas (FORTH), Irakleio, Greece
| | - Iosif Bizelis
- Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Husbandry, Department of Animal Science, School of Animal Biosciences, Agricultural University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Natalia Zinovieva
- L.K. Ernst Federal Research Center for Animal Husbandry, Podolsk, Russia
| | - Simon Horvat
- Department of Animal Science, Biotechnical Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Ivica Medugorac
- Population Genomics Group, Department of Veterinary Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-University of Munich, Martinsried/Planegg, Germany
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Moroni B, Brambilla A, Rossi L, Meneguz PG, Bassano B, Tizzani P. Hybridization between Alpine Ibex and Domestic Goat in the Alps: A Sporadic and Localized Phenomenon? Animals (Basel) 2022; 12:ani12060751. [PMID: 35327148 PMCID: PMC8944563 DOI: 10.3390/ani12060751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2022] [Revised: 02/12/2022] [Accepted: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary The Alpine ibex (Capra ibex) is a protected wild ungulate. The species is known to have a low genetic variability and to occasionally suffer from local population decline as a consequence of epidemic diseases. Another, less investigated, threat for the species’ long-term conservation is represented by the hybridization with feral domestic goats that may breed with ibex if abandoned in the mountain at the end of the summer pasture. Further reproduction and the spread of hybrids may jeopardize the genetic integrity of wild Alpine ibex. By means of an online survey and using a network of experts, we mapped unpublished evidence on observed hybridization events between Alpine ibex and feral domestic goats. The results of this study suggested that hybrids are currently distributed in several countries, and their presence is not a rare event, with some clusters including 4–20 probable hybrids. This calls for more studies clearly quantifying hybrids in Alpine ibex colonies, but also highlights the need for conservation actions aimed at controlling this phenomenon, such as the effective management of domestic herds grazing in Alpine ibex core areas and clear guidelines on hybrid management. Abstract The Alpine ibex (Capra ibex) is a mountain ungulate living in the European Alps. Although being currently classified as a species of Least Concern (LC) by the IUCN, a potential threat for its long-term conservation is introgression following hybridization with domestic goats (Capra hircus). Hybridization has been documented in Switzerland in captive and free ranging animals, although accurate data to assess the extent of this phenomenon in natural conditions in the Alps are lacking. Using an online survey and a network of experts, we collected and mapped unpublished evidence of hybridization events that occurred between Alpine ibex and feral domestic goats from 2000 to 2021. The results of this study showed that hybrids are distributed in most of the Alpine countries, and their presence is not a sporadic event, with some clusters including 4–20 probable hybrids. Our results illustrated the need for establishing a standardized and effective protocol to identify hybrids in the field (such as a formal description of the morphological traits characterizing hybrids), as well as clear guidelines for hybrid management. Even more importantly, this study also highlighted the need for actions aimed at avoiding hybridization, such as the effective management of domestic herds grazing in Alpine ibex core areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Moroni
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Turin, Largo Braccini 2, 10095 Grugliasco, Italy; (L.R.); (P.G.M.); (P.T.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Alice Brambilla
- Alpine Wildlife Research Centre, Gran Paradiso National Park, 10080 Noasca, Italy; (A.B.); (B.B.)
- Department of Evolutionary Biology and Environmental Studies, University of Zurich, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Luca Rossi
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Turin, Largo Braccini 2, 10095 Grugliasco, Italy; (L.R.); (P.G.M.); (P.T.)
| | - Pier Giuseppe Meneguz
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Turin, Largo Braccini 2, 10095 Grugliasco, Italy; (L.R.); (P.G.M.); (P.T.)
| | - Bruno Bassano
- Alpine Wildlife Research Centre, Gran Paradiso National Park, 10080 Noasca, Italy; (A.B.); (B.B.)
| | - Paolo Tizzani
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Turin, Largo Braccini 2, 10095 Grugliasco, Italy; (L.R.); (P.G.M.); (P.T.)
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Cardoso TF, Luigi‐Sierra MG, Castelló A, Cabrera B, Noce A, Mármol‐Sánchez E, García‐González R, Fernández‐Arias A, Alabart JL, López‐Olvera JR, Mentaberre G, Granados‐Torres JE, Cardells‐Peris J, Molina A, Sànchez A, Clop A, Amills M. Assessing the levels of intraspecific admixture and interspecific hybridization in Iberian wild goats ( Capra pyrenaica). Evol Appl 2021; 14:2618-2634. [PMID: 34815743 PMCID: PMC8591326 DOI: 10.1111/eva.13299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2020] [Revised: 06/07/2021] [Accepted: 08/02/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Iberian wild goats (Capra pyrenaica, also known as Iberian ibex, Spanish ibex, and Spanish wild goat) underwent strong genetic bottlenecks during the 19th and 20th centuries due to overhunting and habitat destruction. From the 1970s to 1990s, augmentation translocations were frequently carried out to restock Iberian wild goat populations (very often with hunting purposes), but they were not systematically planned or recorded. On the other hand, recent data suggest the occurrence of hybridization events between Iberian wild goats and domestic goats (Capra hircus). Augmentation translocations and interspecific hybridization might have contributed to increase the diversity of Iberian wild goats. With the aim of investigating this issue, we have genotyped 118 Iberian wild goats from Tortosa-Beceite, Sierra Nevada, Muela de Cortes, Gredos, Batuecas, and Ordesa and Monte Perdido by using the Goat SNP50 BeadChip (Illumina). The analysis of genotypic data indicated that Iberian wild goat populations are strongly differentiated and display low diversity. Only three Iberian wild goats out from 118 show genomic signatures of mixed ancestry, a result consistent with a scenario in which past augmentation translocations have had a limited impact on the diversity of Iberian wild goats. Besides, we have detected eight Iberian wild goats from Tortosa-Beceite with signs of domestic goat introgression. Although rare, hybridization with domestic goats could become a potential threat to the genetic integrity of Iberian wild goats; hence, measures should be taken to avoid the presence of uncontrolled herds of domestic or feral goats in mountainous areas inhabited by this iconic wild ungulate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tainã Figueiredo Cardoso
- Department of Animal GeneticsCentre for Research in Agricultural Genomics (CRAG)CSIC‐IRTA‐UAB‐UBCampus de la Universitat Autònoma de BarcelonaBellaterraSpain
| | - María Gracia Luigi‐Sierra
- Department of Animal GeneticsCentre for Research in Agricultural Genomics (CRAG)CSIC‐IRTA‐UAB‐UBCampus de la Universitat Autònoma de BarcelonaBellaterraSpain
| | - Anna Castelló
- Department of Animal GeneticsCentre for Research in Agricultural Genomics (CRAG)CSIC‐IRTA‐UAB‐UBCampus de la Universitat Autònoma de BarcelonaBellaterraSpain
- Departament de Ciència Animal i dels AlimentsUniversitat Autònoma de BarcelonaBellaterraSpain
| | - Betlem Cabrera
- Department of Animal GeneticsCentre for Research in Agricultural Genomics (CRAG)CSIC‐IRTA‐UAB‐UBCampus de la Universitat Autònoma de BarcelonaBellaterraSpain
- Departament de Ciència Animal i dels AlimentsUniversitat Autònoma de BarcelonaBellaterraSpain
| | - Antonia Noce
- Leibniz‐Institute for Farm Animal Biology (FBN)DummerstorfGermany
| | - Emilio Mármol‐Sánchez
- Department of Animal GeneticsCentre for Research in Agricultural Genomics (CRAG)CSIC‐IRTA‐UAB‐UBCampus de la Universitat Autònoma de BarcelonaBellaterraSpain
| | | | - Alberto Fernández‐Arias
- Servicio de Caza y PescaDepartamento de Agricultura, Ganadería y Medio AmbienteGobierno de AragónZaragozaSpain
| | - José Luis Alabart
- Unidad de Producción y Sanidad AnimalCentro de Investigación y Tecnología Agroalimentaria de Aragón (CITA)Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragón ‐ IA2 (CITA‐Universidad de Zaragoza)Gobierno de AragónZaragozaSpain
| | - Jorge Ramón López‐Olvera
- Wildlife Ecology & Health Group and Servei d’Ecopatologia de Fauna Salvatge (SEFaS)Departament de Medicina i Cirurgia AnimalsUniversitat Autònoma de BarcelonaBellaterraSpain
| | - Gregorio Mentaberre
- Wildlife Ecology & Health Group and Departament de Ciència AnimalEscola Tècnica Superior d’Enginyeria Agraria (ETSEA)Universitat de Lleida (UdL)LleidaSpain
| | | | - Jesús Cardells‐Peris
- SAIGAS (Servicio de Análisis, Investigación y Gestión de Animales Silvestres) and Wildlife Ecology & Health Group, Faculty of VeterinaryUniversidad Cardenal Herrera‐CEU, CEU UniversitiesValenciaSpain
| | - Antonio Molina
- Departamento de GenéticaUniversidad de CórdobaCórdobaSpain
| | - Armand Sànchez
- Department of Animal GeneticsCentre for Research in Agricultural Genomics (CRAG)CSIC‐IRTA‐UAB‐UBCampus de la Universitat Autònoma de BarcelonaBellaterraSpain
- Departament de Ciència Animal i dels AlimentsUniversitat Autònoma de BarcelonaBellaterraSpain
| | - Alex Clop
- Department of Animal GeneticsCentre for Research in Agricultural Genomics (CRAG)CSIC‐IRTA‐UAB‐UBCampus de la Universitat Autònoma de BarcelonaBellaterraSpain
| | - Marcel Amills
- Department of Animal GeneticsCentre for Research in Agricultural Genomics (CRAG)CSIC‐IRTA‐UAB‐UBCampus de la Universitat Autònoma de BarcelonaBellaterraSpain
- Departament de Ciència Animal i dels AlimentsUniversitat Autònoma de BarcelonaBellaterraSpain
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4
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Kessler C, Brambilla A, Waldvogel D, Camenisch G, Biebach I, Leigh DM, Grossen C, Croll D. A robust sequencing assay of a thousand amplicons for the high-throughput population monitoring of Alpine ibex immunogenetics. Mol Ecol Resour 2021; 22:66-85. [PMID: 34152681 PMCID: PMC9292246 DOI: 10.1111/1755-0998.13452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2020] [Revised: 06/10/2021] [Accepted: 06/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Polymorphism for immune functions can explain significant variation in health and reproductive success within species. Drastic loss in genetic diversity at such loci constitutes an extinction risk and should be monitored in species of conservation concern. However, effective implementations of genome‐wide immune polymorphism sets into high‐throughput genotyping assays are scarce. Here, we report the design and validation of a microfluidics‐based amplicon sequencing assay to comprehensively capture genetic variation in Alpine ibex (Capra ibex). This species represents one of the most successful large mammal restorations recovering from a severely depressed census size and a massive loss in diversity at the major histocompatibility complex (MHC). We analysed 65 whole‐genome sequencing sets of the Alpine ibex and related species to select the most representative markers and to prevent primer binding failures. In total, we designed ~1,000 amplicons densely covering the MHC, further immunity‐related genes as well as randomly selected genome‐wide markers for the assessment of neutral population structure. Our analysis of 158 individuals shows that the genome‐wide markers perform equally well at resolving population structure as RAD‐sequencing or low‐coverage genome sequencing data sets. Immunity‐related loci show unexpectedly high degrees of genetic differentiation within the species. Such information can now be used to define highly targeted individual translocations. Our design strategy can be realistically implemented into genetic surveys of a large range of species. In conclusion, leveraging whole‐genome sequencing data sets to design targeted amplicon assays allows the simultaneous monitoring of multiple genetic risk factors and can be translated into species conservation recommendations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camille Kessler
- Laboratory of Evolutionary Genetics, Institute of Biology, University of Neuchâtel, Neuchâtel, Switzerland
| | - Alice Brambilla
- Department of Evolutionary Biology and Environmental Studies, University of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland.,Alpine Wildlife Research Center, Gran Paradiso National Park, Italy
| | - Dominique Waldvogel
- Department of Evolutionary Biology and Environmental Studies, University of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Glauco Camenisch
- Department of Evolutionary Biology and Environmental Studies, University of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Iris Biebach
- Department of Evolutionary Biology and Environmental Studies, University of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Deborah M Leigh
- Department of Evolutionary Biology and Environmental Studies, University of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland.,WSL Swiss Federal Research Institute, Birmensdorf, Switzerland
| | - Christine Grossen
- Department of Evolutionary Biology and Environmental Studies, University of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Daniel Croll
- Laboratory of Evolutionary Genetics, Institute of Biology, University of Neuchâtel, Neuchâtel, Switzerland
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5
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Zheng Z, Wang X, Li M, Li Y, Yang Z, Wang X, Pan X, Gong M, Zhang Y, Guo Y, Wang Y, Liu J, Cai Y, Chen Q, Okpeku M, Colli L, Cai D, Wang K, Huang S, Sonstegard TS, Esmailizadeh A, Zhang W, Zhang T, Xu Y, Xu N, Yang Y, Han J, Chen L, Lesur J, Daly KG, Bradley DG, Heller R, Zhang G, Wang W, Chen Y, Jiang Y. The origin of domestication genes in goats. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2020; 6:eaaz5216. [PMID: 32671210 PMCID: PMC7314551 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.aaz5216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2019] [Accepted: 03/06/2020] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Goat domestication was critical for agriculture and civilization, but its underlying genetic changes and selection regimes remain unclear. Here, we analyze the genomes of worldwide domestic goats, wild caprid species, and historical remains, providing evidence of an ancient introgression event from a West Caucasian tur-like species to the ancestor of domestic goats. One introgressed locus with a strong signature of selection harbors the MUC6 gene, which encodes a gastrointestinally secreted mucin. Experiments revealed that the nearly fixed introgressed haplotype confers enhanced immune resistance to gastrointestinal pathogens. Another locus with a strong signal of selection may be related to behavior. The selected alleles at these two loci emerged in domestic goats at least 7200 and 8100 years ago, respectively, and increased to high frequencies concurrent with the expansion of the ubiquitous modern mitochondrial haplogroup A. Tracking these archaeologically cryptic evolutionary transformations provides new insights into the mechanisms of animal domestication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuqing Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Xihong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Ming Li
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Yunjia Li
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Zhirui Yang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Xiaolong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Xiangyu Pan
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Mian Gong
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Yingwei Guo
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Yu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Jing Liu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Yudong Cai
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Qiuming Chen
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Moses Okpeku
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources and Evolution, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650223, China
- Discipline of Genetics, School of Life Science, University of Kwazulu-Natal, Durban 4000, South Africa
| | - Licia Colli
- Dipartimento di Scienze Animali, della Nutrizione e degli Alimenti, Facoltà di Scienze Agrarie, Alimentari e Ambientali, Università Cattolica del S. Cuore, via Emilia Parmense n. 84, 29122, Piacenza (PC), Italy
- BioDNA–Centro di Ricerca sulla Biodiversità e sul DNA Antico, Facoltà di Scienze Agrarie, Alimentari e Ambientali, Università Cattolica del S. Cuore, via Emilia Parmense n. 84, 29122, Piacenza (PC), Italy
| | - Dawei Cai
- Research Center for Chinese Frontier Archaeology, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Kun Wang
- Center for Ecological and Environmental Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an 710072, China
| | - Shisheng Huang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | | | - Ali Esmailizadeh
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, PB 76169-133, Iran
| | - Wenguang Zhang
- College of Animal Science, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China
| | - Tingting Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Yangbin Xu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Naiyi Xu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Yi Yang
- Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Jianlin Han
- CAAS-ILRI Joint Laboratory on Livestock and Forage Genetic Resources, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agriculture Sciences (CAAS), Beijing 100193, China
- International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI), Nairobi 00100, Kenya
| | - Lei Chen
- Center for Ecological and Environmental Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an 710072, China
| | | | - Kevin G. Daly
- Smurfit Institute of Genetics, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Daniel G. Bradley
- Smurfit Institute of Genetics, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Rasmus Heller
- Section for Computational and RNA Biology, Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen N 2200, Denmark
| | - Guojie Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources and Evolution, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650223, China
- China National GeneBank, BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518083, China
- Section for Ecology and Evolution, Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
- Center for Excellence in Animal Evolution and Genetics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650223, China
| | - Wen Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources and Evolution, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650223, China
- Center for Ecological and Environmental Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an 710072, China
- Center for Excellence in Animal Evolution and Genetics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650223, China
| | - Yulin Chen
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Yu Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
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6
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Putnam AS, Nguyen TN, Mott A, Korody ML, Ryder OA. Assessing possible hybridization among managed Nubian ibex in North America. Zoo Biol 2019; 39:121-128. [PMID: 31833594 DOI: 10.1002/zoo.21527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2019] [Revised: 10/21/2019] [Accepted: 11/07/2019] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Hybridization among closely related species is a concern in zoo and aquarium populations where unpedigreed animals are frequently exchanged with the private sector. In this study, we examine possible hybridization in a group of Nubian ibex (Capra nubiana) imported into the Association of Zoos and Aquariums' (AZA) Species Survival Program (SSP) from a private institution. These individuals appeared smaller in stature than adult SSP Nubian ibex and were excluded from breeding recommendations over the concern that they were hybrids. Twenty-six microsatellites were used to rule out recent hybridization with domestic goats, Siberian ibex (Capra sibirica), and Alpine ibex (Capra ibex). We argue that natural phenotypic variation across the large geographic range of Nubian ibex may account for the small stature of the imported ibex, as private institutions may have historically acquired individuals from locations that differed from the SSP founders. However, the imported Nubian ibex appeared genetically differentiated from the SSP Nubian ibex and may represent a source of genetic variation for the managed population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea S Putnam
- Department of Life Sciences, San Diego Zoo Global, San Diego, California
| | - Tram N Nguyen
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York
| | | | - Marisa L Korody
- Institute for Conservation Research, San Diego Zoo Global, San Diego, California
| | - Oliver A Ryder
- Institute for Conservation Research, San Diego Zoo Global, San Diego, California
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7
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Kavčić K, Brivio F, Grignolio S, Ugarković D, Stankić I, Safner T, Apollonio M, Šprem N. Is chamois hybridization in the northern Dinaric Mountains an important factor for horn development? WILDLIFE BIOLOGY 2018. [DOI: 10.2981/wlb.00461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Krešimir Kavčić
- K. Kavčić and N. Šprem, Dept of Fisheries, Beekeeping, Game Management and Special
| | - Francesca Brivio
- F. Brivio, S. Grignolio and M. Apollonio, Dept of Veterinary Medicine, Univ. of Sassari, Sassari, It
| | - Stefano Grignolio
- F. Brivio, S. Grignolio and M. Apollonio, Dept of Veterinary Medicine, Univ. of Sassari, Sassari, It
| | - Damir Ugarković
- D. Ugarković, Dept of Forest Ecology and Silviculture, Faculty of Forestry, Univ. of Zagreb, Zagreb,
| | - Igor Stankić
- I. Stankić, Energy and Environmental Protection Inst. (EKONERG), Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Toni Safner
- T. Safner, Dept of Plant Breeding, Genetics and Biometrics, Faculty of Agriculture, Univ. of Zagreb,
| | - Marco Apollonio
- F. Brivio, S. Grignolio and M. Apollonio, Dept of Veterinary Medicine, Univ. of Sassari, Sassari, It
| | - Nikica Šprem
- K. Kavčić and N. Šprem, Dept of Fisheries, Beekeeping, Game Management and Special
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Iacolina L, Corlatti L, Buzan E, Safner T, Šprem N. Hybridisation in European ungulates: an overview of the current status, causes, and consequences. Mamm Rev 2018. [DOI: 10.1111/mam.12140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Laura Iacolina
- Department of Chemistry and Bioscience; Aalborg University; Frederik Bajers Vej 7H 9220 Aalborg Denmark
- Aalborg Zoo; Mølleparkvej 63 9000 Aalborg Denmark
| | - Luca Corlatti
- Wildlife Ecology and Management; University of Freiburg; Tennenbacher Straße 4 79106 Freiburg Germany
- Institute of Wildlife Biology and Game Management; University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna; Gregor-Mendel-Straße 33 1180 Vienna Austria
| | - Elena Buzan
- Department of Biodiversity; Faculty of Mathematics, Natural Sciences and Information Technologies; University of Primorska; Glagoljaška 8 6000 Koper Slovenia
| | - Toni Safner
- Faculty of Agriculture; Department of Plant Breeding, Genetics and Biometrics; University of Zagreb; Svetošimunska cesta 25 10000 Zagreb Croatia
| | - Nikica Šprem
- Faculty of Agriculture; Department of Fisheries, Beekeeping, Game Management and Special Zoology; University of Zagreb; Svetošimunska cesta 25 10000 Zagreb Croatia
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Angelone S, Jowers MJ, Molinar Min AR, Fandos P, Prieto P, Pasquetti M, Cano-Manuel FJ, Mentaberre G, Olvera JRL, Ráez-Bravo A, Espinosa J, Pérez JM, Soriguer RC, Rossi L, Granados JE. Hidden MHC genetic diversity in the Iberian ibex (Capra pyrenaica). BMC Genet 2018; 19:28. [PMID: 29739323 PMCID: PMC5941765 DOI: 10.1186/s12863-018-0616-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2017] [Accepted: 04/30/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Defining hidden genetic diversity within species is of great significance when attempting to maintain the evolutionary potential of natural populations and conduct appropriate management. Our hypothesis is that isolated (and eventually small) wild animal populations hide unexpected genetic diversity due to their maintenance of ancient polymorphisms or introgressions. Results We tested this hypothesis using the Iberian ibex (Capra pyrenaica) as an example. Previous studies based on large sample sizes taken from its principal populations have revealed that the Iberian ibex has a remarkably small MHC DRB1 diversity (only six remnant alleles) as a result of recent population bottlenecks and a marked demographic decline that has led to the extinction of two recognized subspecies. Extending on the geographic range to include non-studied isolated Iberian ibex populations, we sequenced a new MHC DRB1 in what seemed three small isolated populations in Southern Spain (n = 132). The findings indicate a higher genetic diversity than previously reported in this important gene. The newly discovered allele, MHC DRB1*7, is identical to one reported in the domestic goat C. aegagrus hircus. Whether or not this is the result of ancient polymorphisms maintained by balancing selection or, alternatively, introgressions from domestic goats through hybridization needs to be clarified in future studies. However, hybridization between Iberian ibex and domestic goats has been reported in Spain and the fact that the newly discovered allele is only present in one of the small isolated populations and not in the others suggests introgression. The new discovered allele is not expected to increase fitness in C. pyrenaica since it generates the same protein as the existing MHC DRB1*6. Analysis of a microsatellite locus (OLADRB1) near the new MHC DRB1*7 gene reveals a linkage disequilibrium between these two loci. The allele OLADRB1, 187 bp in length, was unambiguously linked to the MHC DRB1*7 allele. This enabled us to perform a DRB-STR matching method for the recently discovered MHC allele. Conclusions This finding is critical for the conservation of the Iberian ibex since it directly affects the identification of the units of this species that should be managed and conserved separately (Evolutionarily Significant Units). Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12863-018-0616-9) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samer Angelone
- Estación Biológica de Doñana, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Avda. Américo Vespucio s/n, 41092, Sevilla, Spain. .,Institute of Evolutionary Biology and Environmental Studies (IEU), University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, Zurich, Switzerland.
| | - Michael J Jowers
- CIBIO/ InBIO (Centro de Investigação em Biodiversidade e Recursos Genéticos), Universidade do Porto, Campus Agrario De Vairão, 4485-661, Vairão, Portugal
| | - Anna Rita Molinar Min
- Dipartimento di Scienze Veterinarie, Universita` degli Studi di Torino, Grugliasco, Italy
| | - Paulino Fandos
- Agencia de Medio Ambiente y Agua, E-41092, Sevilla, Isla de la Cartuja, Spain
| | - Paloma Prieto
- Parque Natural Sierras de Cazorla, Segura y Las Villas, Martínez Falero11, E-23470, Cazorla, Jaén, Spain
| | - Mario Pasquetti
- Dipartimento di Scienze Veterinarie, Universita` degli Studi di Torino, Grugliasco, Italy
| | | | - Gregorio Mentaberre
- Servei d'Ecopatologia de Fauna Salvatge (SEFAS), Departament de Medicina i Cirurgia Animals, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), E-08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jorge Ramón López Olvera
- Servei d'Ecopatologia de Fauna Salvatge (SEFAS), Departament de Medicina i Cirurgia Animals, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), E-08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Arián Ráez-Bravo
- Servei d'Ecopatologia de Fauna Salvatge (SEFAS), Departament de Medicina i Cirurgia Animals, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), E-08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - José Espinosa
- Departamento de Biología Animal, Biología Vegetal y Ecología, Universidad de Jaén, Campus Las Lagunillas, s.n., E-23071, Jaén, Spain
| | - Jesús M Pérez
- Departamento de Biología Animal, Biología Vegetal y Ecología, Universidad de Jaén, Campus Las Lagunillas, s.n., E-23071, Jaén, Spain
| | - Ramón C Soriguer
- Estación Biológica de Doñana, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Avda. Américo Vespucio s/n, 41092, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Luca Rossi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Veterinarie, Universita` degli Studi di Torino, Grugliasco, Italy
| | - José Enrique Granados
- Espacio Natural Sierra Nevada, Carretera Antigua de Sierra Nevada, Km 7, E-18071, Pinos Genil, Granada, Spain
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Fonseca C, Migueis D, Fernandes T, Carvalho H, Loureiro A, Carvalho J, Torres RT. The return of the Iberian wild goat Capra pyrenaica to Portugal: From reintroduction to recolonization. J Nat Conserv 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jnc.2017.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Grossen C, Keller L, Biebach I, Croll D. Introgression from domestic goat generated variation at the major histocompatibility complex of Alpine ibex. PLoS Genet 2014; 10:e1004438. [PMID: 24945814 PMCID: PMC4063738 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1004438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2013] [Accepted: 04/30/2014] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The major histocompatibility complex (MHC) is a crucial component of the vertebrate immune system and shows extremely high levels of genetic polymorphism. The extraordinary genetic variation is thought to be ancient polymorphisms maintained by balancing selection. However, introgression from related species was recently proposed as an additional mechanism. Here we provide evidence for introgression at the MHC in Alpine ibex (Capra ibex ibex). At a usually very polymorphic MHC exon involved in pathogen recognition (DRB exon 2), Alpine ibex carried only two alleles. We found that one of these DRB alleles is identical to a DRB allele of domestic goats (Capra aegagrus hircus). We sequenced 2489 bp of the coding and non-coding regions of the DRB gene and found that Alpine ibex homozygous for the goat-type DRB exon 2 allele showed nearly identical sequences (99.8%) to a breed of domestic goats. Using Sanger and RAD sequencing, microsatellite and SNP chip data, we show that the chromosomal region containing the goat-type DRB allele has a signature of recent introgression in Alpine ibex. A region of approximately 750 kb including the DRB locus showed high rates of heterozygosity in individuals carrying one copy of the goat-type DRB allele. These individuals shared SNP alleles both with domestic goats and other Alpine ibex. In a survey of four Alpine ibex populations, we found that the region surrounding the DRB allele shows strong linkage disequilibria, strong sequence clustering and low diversity among haplotypes carrying the goat-type allele. Introgression at the MHC is likely adaptive and introgression critically increased MHC DRB diversity in the genetically impoverished Alpine ibex. Our finding contradicts the long-standing view that genetic variability at the MHC is solely a consequence of ancient trans-species polymorphism. Introgression is likely an underappreciated source of genetic diversity at the MHC and other loci under balancing selection. The major histocompatibility complex (MHC), a crucial component of the defense against pathogens, contains the most polymorphic functional genes in vertebrate genomes. The extraordinary genetic variation is generally considered to be ancient. We investigated whether a previously neglected mechanism, introgression from related species, provides an additional source of MHC variation. We show that introgression from domestic goat dramatically increased genetic variation at the MHC of Alpine ibex, a species that had nearly gone extinct during the 18th century, but has been restored to large numbers since. We show that Alpine ibex share one of only two alleles at a generally highly polymorphic MHC locus with domestic goats and that the chromosomal region containing the goat-type allele has a signature of recent introgression. Our finding contradicts the long-standing view that ancient trans-species polymorphism is the sole source of the extraordinary genetic variability at the MHC. Instead, we show that in Alpine ibex introgression generated genetic diversity at a MHC locus. Our study supports the view that loci favoring genetic polymorphism may be susceptible to adaptive introgression from related species and will encourage future research to identify unexpected signatures of introgression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christine Grossen
- Institute of Evolutionary Biology and Environmental Studies, University of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
- Department of Zoology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
- * E-mail:
| | - Lukas Keller
- Institute of Evolutionary Biology and Environmental Studies, University of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Iris Biebach
- Institute of Evolutionary Biology and Environmental Studies, University of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - The International Goat Genome Consortium
- Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources and Evolution, Kunming, China
- INRA, UMR444, Laboratoire de Génétique Cellulaire, Castanet-Tolosan, France
| | - Daniel Croll
- Michael Smith Laboratories, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
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Mick V, Le Carrou G, Corde Y, Game Y, Jay M, Garin-Bastuji B. Brucella melitensis in France: persistence in wildlife and probable spillover from Alpine ibex to domestic animals. PLoS One 2014; 9:e94168. [PMID: 24732322 PMCID: PMC3986073 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0094168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2013] [Accepted: 03/12/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Bovine brucellosis is a major zoonosis, mainly caused by Brucella abortus, more rarely by Brucella melitensis. France has been bovine brucellosis officially-free since 2005 with no cases reported in domestic/wild ruminants since 2003. In 2012, bovine and autochthonous human cases due to B. melitensis biovar 3 (Bmel3) occurred in the French Alps. Epidemiological investigations implemented in wild and domestic ruminants evidenced a high seroprevalence (>45%) in Alpine ibex (Capra ibex); no cases were disclosed in other domestic or wild ruminants, except for one isolated case in a chamois (Rupicapra rupicapra). These results raised the question of a possible persistence/emergence of Brucella in wildlife. The purpose of this study was to assess genetic relationships among the Bmel3 strains historically isolated in humans, domestic and wild ruminants in Southeastern France, over two decades, by the MLVA-panel2B assay, and to propose a possible explanation for the origin of the recent bovine and human infections. Indeed, this genotyping strategy proved to be efficient for this microepidemiological investigation using an interpretation cut-off established for a fine-scale setting. The isolates, from the 2012 domestic/human outbreak harbored an identical genotype, confirming a recent and direct contamination from cattle to human. Interestingly, they clustered not only with isolates from wildlife in 2012, but also with local historical domestic isolates, in particular with the 1999 last bovine case in the same massif. Altogether, our results suggest that the recent bovine outbreak could have originated from the Alpine ibex population. This is the first report of a B. melitensis spillover from wildlife to domestic ruminants and the sustainability of the infection in Alpine ibex. However, this wild population, reintroduced in the 1970s in an almost closed massif, might be considered as a semi-domestic free-ranging herd. Anthropogenic factors could therefore account with the high observed intra-species prevalence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Virginie Mick
- Paris-Est University/Anses, EU/OIE/FAO & National Reference Laboratory for Brucellosis, Animal Health Laboratory, Maisons-Alfort, France
| | - Gilles Le Carrou
- Paris-Est University/Anses, EU/OIE/FAO & National Reference Laboratory for Brucellosis, Animal Health Laboratory, Maisons-Alfort, France
| | - Yannick Corde
- Paris-Est University/Anses, EU/OIE/FAO & National Reference Laboratory for Brucellosis, Animal Health Laboratory, Maisons-Alfort, France
| | - Yvette Game
- Departmental Veterinary Laboratory of Savoie (LDAV 73), Chambery, France
| | - Maryne Jay
- Paris-Est University/Anses, EU/OIE/FAO & National Reference Laboratory for Brucellosis, Animal Health Laboratory, Maisons-Alfort, France
| | - Bruno Garin-Bastuji
- Paris-Est University/Anses, EU/OIE/FAO & National Reference Laboratory for Brucellosis, Animal Health Laboratory, Maisons-Alfort, France
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Are captive wild boar more introgressed than free-ranging wild boar? Two case studies in Italy. EUR J WILDLIFE RES 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/s10344-014-0804-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Casaubon J, Vogt HR, Stalder H, Hug C, Ryser-Degiorgis MP. Bovine viral diarrhea virus in free-ranging wild ruminants in Switzerland: low prevalence of infection despite regular interactions with domestic livestock. BMC Vet Res 2012; 8:204. [PMID: 23107231 PMCID: PMC3514304 DOI: 10.1186/1746-6148-8-204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2012] [Accepted: 10/10/2012] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
UNLABELLED BACKGROUND In the frame of an eradication program for bovine viral diarrhea (BVD) in Swiss livestock, the question was raised whether free-ranging wildlife could threaten the success of this sanitary measure. Therefore, we conducted serological and virological investigations on BVD virus (BVDV) infections in the four indigenous wild ruminant species (roe deer, red deer, Alpine chamois and Alpine ibex) from 2009 to 2011, and gathered information on interactions between wild and domestic ruminants in an alpine environment by questionnaire survey. RESULTS Thirty-two sera out of 1'877 (1.7%, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.2-2.4) were seropositive for BVDV, and a BVDV1 sub genotype h virus was found in a seropositive chamois (0.05%, 95% CI 0.001-0.3). The seropositive animals originated from sub-alpine or alpine regions and significantly more seropositive red deer, chamois and ibex than roe deer were found. There were no statistically significant differences between sampling units, age classes, genders, and sampling years. The obtained prevalences were significantly lower than those documented in livestock, and most positive wild ruminants were found in proximity of domestic outbreaks. Additionally, BVDV seroprevalence in ibex was significantly lower than previously reported from Switzerland. The survey on interspecific interactions revealed that interactions expected to allow BVDV transmission, from physical contacts to non-simultaneous use of the same areas, regularly occur on pastures among all investigated ruminant species. Interactions involving cervids were more often observed with cattle than with small ruminants, chamois were observed with all three domestic species, and ibex interacted mostly with small ruminants. Interactions related to the use of anthropogenic food sources were frequently observed, especially between red deer and cattle in wintertime. CONCLUSIONS To our knowledge, this is the first report of BVDV RNA isolated from an Alpine chamois. Nevertheless, our results suggest that BVDV infections are only sporadic in Swiss wild ruminants, despite regular occurrence of interactions with potentially infected livestock. Overall, serological, virological and ethological data indicate that wildlife is currently an incidental spill-over host and not a reservoir for BVDV in Switzerland.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julien Casaubon
- Centre for Fish and Wildlife Health (FIWI), Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Hans-Rudolf Vogt
- Institute of Veterinary Virology (IVV), Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Hanspeter Stalder
- Institute of Veterinary Virology (IVV), Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Corinne Hug
- Institute of Veterinary Virology (IVV), Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
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Alasaad S, Fickel J, Rossi L, Sarasa M, BenÃ-tez-Camacho B, Granados JE, Soriguer RC. Applicability of major histocompatibility complex DRB1 alleles as markers to detect vertebrate hybridization: a case study from Iberian ibex × domestic goat in southern Spain. Acta Vet Scand 2012; 54:56. [PMID: 23006678 PMCID: PMC3511808 DOI: 10.1186/1751-0147-54-56] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2012] [Accepted: 09/18/2012] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Hybridization between closely related wild and domestic species is of great concern because it can alter the evolutionary integrity of the affected populations. The high allelic variability of Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC) loci usually excludes them from being used in studies to detect hybridization events. However, if a) the parental species don’t share alleles, and b) one of the parental species possesses an exceptionally low number of alleles (to facilitate analysis), then even MHC loci have the potential to detect hybrids. Results By genotyping the exon2 of the MHC class II DRB1 locus, we were able to detect hybridization between domestic goats (Capra hircus) and free-ranging Iberian ibex (Capra pyrenaica hispanica) by molecular means. Conclusions This is the first documentation of a Capra pyrenaica × Capra hircus hybridization, which presented us the opportunity to test the applicability of MHC loci as new, simple, cost-effective, and time-saving approach to detect hybridization between wild species and their domesticated relatives, thus adding value to MHC genes role in animal conservation and management.
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Holzwarth N, Pospischil A, Marreros N, Ryser-Degiorgis MP, Mavrot F, Frey J, Thoma R, Borel N. Alpine ibex (Capra i. ibex) is not a reservoir for chlamydial infections of domestic ruminants and humans. EUR J WILDLIFE RES 2010. [DOI: 10.1007/s10344-010-0416-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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