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Carrera-Faja L, Espunyes J, Cardells J, Fernández Aguilar X, Pailler-García L, Napp S, Cabezón O. Dynamics of Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus in two wild ungulate hosts during a disease-induced population collapse. One Health 2023; 17:100622. [PMID: 38024274 PMCID: PMC10665167 DOI: 10.1016/j.onehlt.2023.100622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2023] [Revised: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Identifying the role that host species play in pathogen transmission and maintenance is crucial for disease control, but it is a difficult task, in particular for vector-borne and multi-host pathogens, and especially when wildlife species are involved. This is the case for a Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus (CCHFV) hotspot in north-eastern Spain, where Iberian ibex (Capra pyrenaica) and wild boar (Sus scrofa) are involved, but their roles in disease transmission are unclear. In this context, we studied the dynamics of CCHFV transmission in these two species during the collapse of an Iberian ibex population due to a sarcoptic mange outbreak. We carried out a repeated cross-sectional study measuring the trends of CCHFV seroprevalence in Iberian ibex and wild boar and their abundances. In addition, we identified the tick species present in this area on the vegetation and on wild boars, and evaluated relevant meteorological factors. Results show that while the trends in CCHFV seroprevalence in Iberian Ibex and density of wild boars remained constant (p = 1.0 and p = 0.8, respectively), both the trends in Iberian ibex census and CCHFV seroprevalence in wild boars decreased significantly (p = 0.003 and p = 0.0001, respectively), and were correlated (Spearman's rank, 0.02 < p-adjusted<0.05). The correlation between the patterns of reduction of Iberian ibex abundance and the decrease of seroprevalence in wild boars suggests some sort of shared transmission cycle between the two species. Data from tick species in the area suggest a possible role of Rhipicephalus bursa in CCHFV transmission. The dynamics of CCHFV were unlikely caused by changes in meteorological variables such as temperature or water vapor pressure deficit. Further studies will be needed to confirm these hypotheses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Carrera-Faja
- Wildlife Conservation Medicine Research Group (WildCoM), Departament de Medicina i Cirurgia Animals, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), 08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Johan Espunyes
- Wildlife Conservation Medicine Research Group (WildCoM), Departament de Medicina i Cirurgia Animals, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), 08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Jesús Cardells
- Servicio de Análisis, Investigación y Gestión de Animales Silvestres (SAIGAS), Veterinary Faculty, Universidad CEU-Cardenal Herrera, Tirant lo Blanc Street 7, Alfara del Patriarca 46115, Valencia, Spain
| | - Xavier Fernández Aguilar
- Wildlife Conservation Medicine Research Group (WildCoM), Departament de Medicina i Cirurgia Animals, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), 08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Lola Pailler-García
- Unitat mixta d'Investigació IRTA-UAB en Sanitat Animal, Centre de Recerca en Sanitat Animal (CReSA), Campus de la Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), 08193 Bellaterra, Catalonia, Spain
- IRTA, Programa de Sanitat Animal, Centre de Recerca en Sanitat Animal (CReSA), Campus de la Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), 08193 Bellaterra, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Sebastian Napp
- Unitat mixta d'Investigació IRTA-UAB en Sanitat Animal, Centre de Recerca en Sanitat Animal (CReSA), Campus de la Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), 08193 Bellaterra, Catalonia, Spain
- IRTA, Programa de Sanitat Animal, Centre de Recerca en Sanitat Animal (CReSA), Campus de la Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), 08193 Bellaterra, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Oscar Cabezón
- Wildlife Conservation Medicine Research Group (WildCoM), Departament de Medicina i Cirurgia Animals, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), 08193 Bellaterra, Spain
- Unitat mixta d'Investigació IRTA-UAB en Sanitat Animal, Centre de Recerca en Sanitat Animal (CReSA), Campus de la Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), 08193 Bellaterra, Catalonia, Spain
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Valldeperes M, Yerro PP, López-Olvera JR, Fandos P, Lavín S, Escofet RCS, Mentaberre G, León FJCM, Espinosa J, Ráez-Bravo A, Pérez JM, Tampach S, Estruch J, Velarde R, Granados JE. Diseases of Iberian ibex ( Capra pyrenaica). EUR J WILDLIFE RES 2023; 69:63. [PMID: 37274486 PMCID: PMC10233571 DOI: 10.1007/s10344-023-01684-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Revised: 02/03/2023] [Accepted: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Iberian ibex (Capra pyrenaica) is an ecologically and economically relevant medium-sized emblematic mountain ungulate. Diseases participate in the population dynamics of the species as a regulating agent, but can also threaten the conservation and viability of vulnerable population units. Moreover, Iberian ibex can also be a carrier or even a reservoir of pathogens shared with domestic animals and/or humans, being therefore a concern for livestock and public health. The objective of this review is to compile the currently available knowledge on (1) diseases of Iberian ibex, presented according to their relevance on the health and demography of free-ranging populations; (2) diseases subjected to heath surveillance plans; (3) other diseases reported in the species; and (4) diseases with particular relevance in captive Iberian ibex populations. The systematic review of all the information on diseases affecting the species unveils unpublished reports, scientific communications in meetings, and scientific articles, allowing the first comprehensive compilation of Iberian ibex diseases. This review identifies the gaps in knowledge regarding pathogenesis, immune response, diagnostic methods, treatment, and management of diseases in Iberian ibex, providing a base for future research. Moreover, this challenges wildlife and livestock disease and wildlife population managers to assess the priorities and policies currently implemented in Iberian ibex health surveillance and monitoring and disease management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Valldeperes
- Servei d’Ecopatologia de Fauna Salvatge (SEFaS), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Barcelona, Bellaterra Spain
- Wildlife Ecology & Health Group (WE&H), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Paloma Prieto Yerro
- Parque Natural de las Sierras de Cazorla, Segura y Las Villas, C/ Martínez Falero 11, 23470 Cazorla Jaén, Spain
- Grupo de Investigación RNM 118. Biología de Especies Cinegéticas y Plagas, Jaén, Spain
| | - Jorge Ramón López-Olvera
- Servei d’Ecopatologia de Fauna Salvatge (SEFaS), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Barcelona, Bellaterra Spain
- Wildlife Ecology & Health Group (WE&H), Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Santiago Lavín
- Servei d’Ecopatologia de Fauna Salvatge (SEFaS), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Barcelona, Bellaterra Spain
- Wildlife Ecology & Health Group (WE&H), Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Gregorio Mentaberre
- Wildlife Ecology & Health Group (WE&H), Barcelona, Spain
- Departament de Ciència Animal, Universitat de Lleida, 25198 Lleida, Spain
| | | | - José Espinosa
- Departamento de Sanidad Animal, Facultad de Veterinaria and Instituto de Ganadería de Montaña (CSIC-ULE), Universidad de León, 24071 León, Spain
| | - Arián Ráez-Bravo
- Servei d’Ecopatologia de Fauna Salvatge (SEFaS), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Barcelona, Bellaterra Spain
- Wildlife Ecology & Health Group (WE&H), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jesús M. Pérez
- Wildlife Ecology & Health Group (WE&H), Barcelona, Spain
- Grupo de Investigación RNM 118. Biología de Especies Cinegéticas y Plagas, Jaén, Spain
- Department of Animal and Plant Biology, and Ecology, Jaén University, Campus Las Lagunillas, 23071 Jaén, Spain
| | - Stefania Tampach
- Servei d’Ecopatologia de Fauna Salvatge (SEFaS), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Barcelona, Bellaterra Spain
- Wildlife Ecology & Health Group (WE&H), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Josep Estruch
- Servei d’Ecopatologia de Fauna Salvatge (SEFaS), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Barcelona, Bellaterra Spain
- Wildlife Ecology & Health Group (WE&H), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Roser Velarde
- Servei d’Ecopatologia de Fauna Salvatge (SEFaS), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Barcelona, Bellaterra Spain
- Wildlife Ecology & Health Group (WE&H), Barcelona, Spain
| | - José Enrique Granados
- Wildlife Ecology & Health Group (WE&H), Barcelona, Spain
- Grupo de Investigación RNM 118. Biología de Especies Cinegéticas y Plagas, Jaén, Spain
- Parque Nacional y Parque Natural de Sierra Nevada. Ctra., Antigua de Sierra Nevada Km 7, Pinos Genil, 18191 Granada, Spain
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Valldeperes M, Granados JE, Pérez V, López-Olvera JR, Ráez-Bravo A, Fandos P, Pérez JM, Mentaberre G, Tampach S, Soriguer RC, Espinosa J. The local skin cellular immune response determines the clinical outcome of sarcoptic mange in Iberian ibex ( Capra pyrenaica). Front Vet Sci 2023; 10:1183304. [PMID: 37323847 PMCID: PMC10267361 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2023.1183304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2023] [Accepted: 04/28/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Sarcoptic mange, caused by Sarcoptes scabiei, is a disease with implications for wildlife conservation and management. Its severity depends on the host's local skin immune response, which is largely unknown in Iberian ibex (Capra pyrenaica), a mountain ungulate dramatically affected by mange. In this species, the clinical outcome of sarcoptic mange varies among individuals, and the local immune response could be key to controlling the infestation. This study aims to characterize the local cellular immune response and its relationship with the clinical outcome. Methods Fourteen Iberian ibexes were experimentally infested with S. scabiei and six more served as controls. Clinical signs were monitored, and skin biopsies were collected from the withers at 26, 46, and 103 days post-infection (dpi). The presence and distribution of macrophages (including M1 and M2 phenotypes), T lymphocytes, B lymphocytes, plasma cells, and interleukine 10 were quantitatively evaluated using immunohistochemical techniques. Results An inflammatory infiltrate that decreased significantly from 26 to 103 dpi was observed in all the infested ibexes. The predominant inflammatory cell population in the skin of the mangy ibexes was formed by macrophages (mainly the M2 phenotype) followed by T lymphocytes, with lower numbers of B lymphocytes and plasma cells. Three clinical courses were identified: total recovery, partial recovery, and terminal stage. The inflammatory infiltrates were less pronounced in the fully recovered ibexes than in those that progressed to the terminal stage throughout the study. Discussion The results suggest an exacerbated but effective Th1-type cellular immune response controlling mange in Iberian ibex. Furthermore, the local immune response appears to determine the variability of the clinical responses to S. scabiei infestation in this species. This first report on the progression of local skin immune cells is relevant not only for individuals but also for population management and conservation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Valldeperes
- Wildlife Ecology and Health Group (WE&H), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Barcelona, Spain
- Departament de Medicina i Cirurgia Animals, Servei d’Ecopatologia de Fauna Salvatge (SEFaS), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Barcelona, Spain
| | - José Enrique Granados
- Wildlife Ecology and Health Group (WE&H), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Barcelona, Spain
- Parque Nacional y Parque Natural de Sierra Nevada, Granada, Spain
| | - Valentín Pérez
- Department of Animal Health-Instituto de Ganadería de Montaña (IGM), ULe-CSIC León, León, Spain
- Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of León, León, Spain
| | - Jorge Ramón López-Olvera
- Wildlife Ecology and Health Group (WE&H), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Barcelona, Spain
- Departament de Medicina i Cirurgia Animals, Servei d’Ecopatologia de Fauna Salvatge (SEFaS), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Arián Ráez-Bravo
- Wildlife Ecology and Health Group (WE&H), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Barcelona, Spain
- Departament de Medicina i Cirurgia Animals, Servei d’Ecopatologia de Fauna Salvatge (SEFaS), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Jesús M. Pérez
- Wildlife Ecology and Health Group (WE&H), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Animal and Plant Biology, and Ecology, Jaén University, Campus Las Lagunillas, Jaén, Spain
| | - Gregorio Mentaberre
- Wildlife Ecology and Health Group (WE&H), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Barcelona, Spain
- Departament de Ciència Animal, Universitat de Lleida (UdL), Lleida, Spain
| | - Stefania Tampach
- Wildlife Ecology and Health Group (WE&H), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Barcelona, Spain
- Departament de Medicina i Cirurgia Animals, Servei d’Ecopatologia de Fauna Salvatge (SEFaS), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - José Espinosa
- Department of Animal Health-Instituto de Ganadería de Montaña (IGM), ULe-CSIC León, León, Spain
- Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of León, León, Spain
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Santiago-Moreno J, Pequeño B, Martinez-Madrid B, Castaño C, Bóveda P, Velázquez R, Toledano-Díaz A, Álvarez-Rodríguez M, Rodríguez-Martínez H. Expression of Aquaglyceroporins in Spermatozoa from Wild Ruminants Is Influenced by Photoperiod and Thyroxine Concentrations. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23062903. [PMID: 35328325 PMCID: PMC8950870 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23062903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2022] [Revised: 03/01/2022] [Accepted: 03/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
This work identified the presence of AQPs in frozen-thawed sperm of wild ruminants and assessed the influence of the interaction between photoperiod and thyroxine on AQP expression, and on testosterone secretion. Thyroxine and melatonin were administered to ibexes. In a second experiment, performed in mouflons, circulating thyroxine was reduced via treatment with propylthiouracil (PTU), and an artificial long day (LD) photoperiod established. In the ibexes, the melatonin treatment increased the blood plasma testosterone concentration, reduced the cryoresistance ratio (CR) for sperm viability and the presence of an intact acrosome, and increased the percentage of sperm with AQP7 in the acrosome and of AQP3 and AQP10 in the midpiece. In the mouflons, neither the PTU treatment, the LD, nor the combination of both affected the CR of any sperm variable. The percentage of sperm with AQP3 increased in the post-acrosome region but decreased in the tail in the LD+PTU group. The percentage of sperm with AQP10 in the principal piece and endpiece was lower in the PTU+LD group than in the control and LD groups. The influence of photoperiod/melatonin on AQP expression might be indirectly exerted through changes in the testosterone concentration, and thus ultimately affect sperm cryoresistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julián Santiago-Moreno
- Department of Animal Reproduction, Spanish National Institute for Agricultural and Food Research and Technology (INIA-CSIC), 28040 Madrid, Spain; (B.P.); (C.C.); (P.B.); (R.V.); (A.T.-D.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-1-3474020
| | - Belén Pequeño
- Department of Animal Reproduction, Spanish National Institute for Agricultural and Food Research and Technology (INIA-CSIC), 28040 Madrid, Spain; (B.P.); (C.C.); (P.B.); (R.V.); (A.T.-D.)
| | - Belen Martinez-Madrid
- Department of Animal Medicine & Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM), 28040 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Cristina Castaño
- Department of Animal Reproduction, Spanish National Institute for Agricultural and Food Research and Technology (INIA-CSIC), 28040 Madrid, Spain; (B.P.); (C.C.); (P.B.); (R.V.); (A.T.-D.)
| | - Paula Bóveda
- Department of Animal Reproduction, Spanish National Institute for Agricultural and Food Research and Technology (INIA-CSIC), 28040 Madrid, Spain; (B.P.); (C.C.); (P.B.); (R.V.); (A.T.-D.)
| | - Rosario Velázquez
- Department of Animal Reproduction, Spanish National Institute for Agricultural and Food Research and Technology (INIA-CSIC), 28040 Madrid, Spain; (B.P.); (C.C.); (P.B.); (R.V.); (A.T.-D.)
| | - Adolfo Toledano-Díaz
- Department of Animal Reproduction, Spanish National Institute for Agricultural and Food Research and Technology (INIA-CSIC), 28040 Madrid, Spain; (B.P.); (C.C.); (P.B.); (R.V.); (A.T.-D.)
| | - Manuel Álvarez-Rodríguez
- Department of Biomedical & Clinical Sciences (BKV), Obstetrics & Gynecology, Linköping University, SE-58185 Linkoping, Sweden; (M.Á.-R.); (H.R.-M.)
| | - Heriberto Rodríguez-Martínez
- Department of Biomedical & Clinical Sciences (BKV), Obstetrics & Gynecology, Linköping University, SE-58185 Linkoping, Sweden; (M.Á.-R.); (H.R.-M.)
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Cardoso TF, Luigi‐Sierra MG, Castelló A, Cabrera B, Noce A, Mármol‐Sánchez E, García‐González R, Fernández‐Arias A, Alabart JL, López‐Olvera JR, Mentaberre G, Granados‐Torres JE, Cardells‐Peris J, Molina A, Sànchez A, Clop A, Amills M. Assessing the levels of intraspecific admixture and interspecific hybridization in Iberian wild goats ( Capra pyrenaica). Evol Appl 2021; 14:2618-2634. [PMID: 34815743 PMCID: PMC8591326 DOI: 10.1111/eva.13299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2020] [Revised: 06/07/2021] [Accepted: 08/02/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Iberian wild goats (Capra pyrenaica, also known as Iberian ibex, Spanish ibex, and Spanish wild goat) underwent strong genetic bottlenecks during the 19th and 20th centuries due to overhunting and habitat destruction. From the 1970s to 1990s, augmentation translocations were frequently carried out to restock Iberian wild goat populations (very often with hunting purposes), but they were not systematically planned or recorded. On the other hand, recent data suggest the occurrence of hybridization events between Iberian wild goats and domestic goats (Capra hircus). Augmentation translocations and interspecific hybridization might have contributed to increase the diversity of Iberian wild goats. With the aim of investigating this issue, we have genotyped 118 Iberian wild goats from Tortosa-Beceite, Sierra Nevada, Muela de Cortes, Gredos, Batuecas, and Ordesa and Monte Perdido by using the Goat SNP50 BeadChip (Illumina). The analysis of genotypic data indicated that Iberian wild goat populations are strongly differentiated and display low diversity. Only three Iberian wild goats out from 118 show genomic signatures of mixed ancestry, a result consistent with a scenario in which past augmentation translocations have had a limited impact on the diversity of Iberian wild goats. Besides, we have detected eight Iberian wild goats from Tortosa-Beceite with signs of domestic goat introgression. Although rare, hybridization with domestic goats could become a potential threat to the genetic integrity of Iberian wild goats; hence, measures should be taken to avoid the presence of uncontrolled herds of domestic or feral goats in mountainous areas inhabited by this iconic wild ungulate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tainã Figueiredo Cardoso
- Department of Animal GeneticsCentre for Research in Agricultural Genomics (CRAG)CSIC‐IRTA‐UAB‐UBCampus de la Universitat Autònoma de BarcelonaBellaterraSpain
| | - María Gracia Luigi‐Sierra
- Department of Animal GeneticsCentre for Research in Agricultural Genomics (CRAG)CSIC‐IRTA‐UAB‐UBCampus de la Universitat Autònoma de BarcelonaBellaterraSpain
| | - Anna Castelló
- Department of Animal GeneticsCentre for Research in Agricultural Genomics (CRAG)CSIC‐IRTA‐UAB‐UBCampus de la Universitat Autònoma de BarcelonaBellaterraSpain
- Departament de Ciència Animal i dels AlimentsUniversitat Autònoma de BarcelonaBellaterraSpain
| | - Betlem Cabrera
- Department of Animal GeneticsCentre for Research in Agricultural Genomics (CRAG)CSIC‐IRTA‐UAB‐UBCampus de la Universitat Autònoma de BarcelonaBellaterraSpain
- Departament de Ciència Animal i dels AlimentsUniversitat Autònoma de BarcelonaBellaterraSpain
| | - Antonia Noce
- Leibniz‐Institute for Farm Animal Biology (FBN)DummerstorfGermany
| | - Emilio Mármol‐Sánchez
- Department of Animal GeneticsCentre for Research in Agricultural Genomics (CRAG)CSIC‐IRTA‐UAB‐UBCampus de la Universitat Autònoma de BarcelonaBellaterraSpain
| | | | - Alberto Fernández‐Arias
- Servicio de Caza y PescaDepartamento de Agricultura, Ganadería y Medio AmbienteGobierno de AragónZaragozaSpain
| | - José Luis Alabart
- Unidad de Producción y Sanidad AnimalCentro de Investigación y Tecnología Agroalimentaria de Aragón (CITA)Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragón ‐ IA2 (CITA‐Universidad de Zaragoza)Gobierno de AragónZaragozaSpain
| | - Jorge Ramón López‐Olvera
- Wildlife Ecology & Health Group and Servei d’Ecopatologia de Fauna Salvatge (SEFaS)Departament de Medicina i Cirurgia AnimalsUniversitat Autònoma de BarcelonaBellaterraSpain
| | - Gregorio Mentaberre
- Wildlife Ecology & Health Group and Departament de Ciència AnimalEscola Tècnica Superior d’Enginyeria Agraria (ETSEA)Universitat de Lleida (UdL)LleidaSpain
| | | | - Jesús Cardells‐Peris
- SAIGAS (Servicio de Análisis, Investigación y Gestión de Animales Silvestres) and Wildlife Ecology & Health Group, Faculty of VeterinaryUniversidad Cardenal Herrera‐CEU, CEU UniversitiesValenciaSpain
| | - Antonio Molina
- Departamento de GenéticaUniversidad de CórdobaCórdobaSpain
| | - Armand Sànchez
- Department of Animal GeneticsCentre for Research in Agricultural Genomics (CRAG)CSIC‐IRTA‐UAB‐UBCampus de la Universitat Autònoma de BarcelonaBellaterraSpain
- Departament de Ciència Animal i dels AlimentsUniversitat Autònoma de BarcelonaBellaterraSpain
| | - Alex Clop
- Department of Animal GeneticsCentre for Research in Agricultural Genomics (CRAG)CSIC‐IRTA‐UAB‐UBCampus de la Universitat Autònoma de BarcelonaBellaterraSpain
| | - Marcel Amills
- Department of Animal GeneticsCentre for Research in Agricultural Genomics (CRAG)CSIC‐IRTA‐UAB‐UBCampus de la Universitat Autònoma de BarcelonaBellaterraSpain
- Departament de Ciència Animal i dels AlimentsUniversitat Autònoma de BarcelonaBellaterraSpain
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Gómez-Guillamón F, Caballero-Gómez J, Agüero M, Camacho-Sillero L, Risalde MA, Zorrilla I, Villalba R, Rivero-Juárez A, García-Bocanegra I. Re-emergence of bluetongue virus serotype 4 in Iberian ibex (Capra pyrenaica) and sympatric livestock in Spain, 2018-2019. Transbound Emerg Dis 2020; 68:458-466. [PMID: 32573968 DOI: 10.1111/tbed.13696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2020] [Revised: 06/13/2020] [Accepted: 06/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Between early October and mid-December 2018, mortalities were detected in Iberian ibex (Capra pyrenaica) populations in southern Spain. In the same region and period, bluetongue virus (BTV) circulation was also reported in sentinel and clinically affected domestic ruminant herds. Molecular analyses confirmed BTV serotype 4 (BTV-4) infection in eight Iberian ibexes from six hunting areas, and in 46 domestic ruminants from seven herds in close proximity to affected hunting estates. Histopathological analyses revealed vascular changes in several organs, pneumonia, lymphoid depletion, inflammatory mononuclear cell infiltrate and fibrosis as the most frequently observed lesions in the affected Iberian ibexes. Epidemiological and laboratory results indicate that BTV-4 was the main aetiological agent involved in outbreaks detected in Iberian ibex populations during the study period. Sequence analyses indicated that the BTV-4 strain detected in Iberian ibex had high homology (99.4%-100%) with strains isolated in livestock during the same period, and with previous isolates (≥98.9%) from Spain and Mediterranean Basin countries. Further studies are warranted to determine the impact of BTV-4 on the health status of Iberian ibex populations after the outbreaks. The inclusion of this species in the surveillance programme may be useful for early detection of BTV, especially in epidemiological scenarios at the wildlife-livestock interface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Félix Gómez-Guillamón
- Programa Vigilancia Epidemiológica Fauna Silvestre (PVE), Agricultura, Ganadería, Pesca y Desarrollo Sostenible, Junta de Andalucía, Málaga, Spain
| | - Javier Caballero-Gómez
- Departamento de Sanidad Animal, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain.,Unidad de Enfermedades Infecciosas, Grupo de Virología Clínica y Zoonosis, Instituto Maimónides de Investigación Biomédica de Córdoba (IMIBIC), Hospital Reina Sofía, Universidad de Córdoba (UCO), Córdoba, Spain
| | - Montserrat Agüero
- Laboratorio Central de Veterinaria (LCV), Ministerio de Agricultura, Pesca y Alimentación, Algete, Madrid, Spain
| | - Leonor Camacho-Sillero
- Programa Vigilancia Epidemiológica Fauna Silvestre (PVE), Agricultura, Ganadería, Pesca y Desarrollo Sostenible, Junta de Andalucía, Málaga, Spain
| | - Maria A Risalde
- Unidad de Enfermedades Infecciosas, Grupo de Virología Clínica y Zoonosis, Instituto Maimónides de Investigación Biomédica de Córdoba (IMIBIC), Hospital Reina Sofía, Universidad de Córdoba (UCO), Córdoba, Spain.,Departamento de Anatomía y Anatomía Patológica Comparadas, Universidad de Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Irene Zorrilla
- Centro de Análisis y Diagnóstico de la Fauna Silvestre en Andalucía, Agencia de Medio Ambiente y Agua M.P., Junta de Andalucía, Málaga, Spain
| | - Rubén Villalba
- Laboratorio Central de Veterinaria (LCV), Ministerio de Agricultura, Pesca y Alimentación, Algete, Madrid, Spain
| | - Antonio Rivero-Juárez
- Unidad de Enfermedades Infecciosas, Grupo de Virología Clínica y Zoonosis, Instituto Maimónides de Investigación Biomédica de Córdoba (IMIBIC), Hospital Reina Sofía, Universidad de Córdoba (UCO), Córdoba, Spain
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Iacopelli F, Fanelli A, Tizzani P, Berriatua E, Prieto P, Martínez-Carrasco C, León L, Rossi L, Candela MG. Spatio-temporal patterns of sarcoptic mange in red deer and Iberian ibex in a multi-host natural park. Res Vet Sci 2019; 128:224-229. [PMID: 31837510 DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2019.11.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2019] [Revised: 11/26/2019] [Accepted: 11/27/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
The reliance on multiple hosts to survive is what makes the management and control of multi-host infectious agents challenging. Sarcoptes scabiei causes sarcoptic mange in a wide range of mammal species with ungulates being an important host. Little is known about the role different ungulates play in sustaining endemic transmission of the disease and no study has yet to describe the long-term multi-host sarcoptic infestation dynamics in free-ranging wildlife. Here, we explore 24 years of sarcoptic mange infestation data for two Mediterranean ungulate species, red deer and Iberian ibex, living in the Sierras de Cazorla, Segura y Las Villas Natural Park of southern Spain. The temporal analysis showed a clear seasonal pattern of infestation in both ungulates with a peak in early spring and a decline throughout the summer. The spatial analysis, however, showed that caprinae rather than cervidae is the most competent host for sarcoptic mange spreading and persistence. Considering that few studies have described the spatio-temporal pattern of mange outbreaks for long periods of time, the information reported in this work aims to improve our understanding of sarcoptic mange epizootic in wild ruminant populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Iacopelli
- Management of Environment and Forests, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Bari, 70100 Bari, Italy
| | - A Fanelli
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Turin, 10090 Grugliasco, Italy
| | - P Tizzani
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Turin, 10090 Grugliasco, Italy.
| | - E Berriatua
- Department of Animal Health, Regional Campus of International Excellence 'Campus Mare Nostrum', University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain.
| | - P Prieto
- Technician Office, Sierras de Cazorla, Segura y Las Villas Natural Park, Cazorla, 23470, Jaén, Spain.
| | - C Martínez-Carrasco
- Department of Animal Health, Regional Campus of International Excellence 'Campus Mare Nostrum', University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain.
| | - L León
- Department of Animal Health, Regional Campus of International Excellence 'Campus Mare Nostrum', University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain.
| | - L Rossi
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Turin, 10090 Grugliasco, Italy.
| | - M G Candela
- Department of Animal Health, Regional Campus of International Excellence 'Campus Mare Nostrum', University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain.
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Aguilar XF, López-Olvera JR, Ribas MP, Begovoeva M, Velarde R, Cardells J, Cabezón O. Mycoplasma conjunctivae in insect vectors and anatomic locations related to transmission and persistence. Vet Microbiol 2018; 228:7-11. [PMID: 30593383 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2018.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2018] [Revised: 10/30/2018] [Accepted: 11/09/2018] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Mycoplasma conjunctivae is an obligate microparasite that causes Infectious Keratoconjunctivitis (IKC) in Caprinae species. IKC is a long-recognised disease, but little attention has been paid to the mechanisms of transmission of the mycoplasma and its occurrence in locations other than the eyes. In this study, the presence of M. conjunctivae is assessed in the eyes, external ear canals (EEC), nasal cavity, and vagina of host species as well as in potential vectors, which may be involved in the transmission and persistence of infection within the host. M. conjunctivae was detected by qPCR in 7.2 % (CI 95% 4.7-11.0) of the ear swabs and 9.5 % (CI 95% 6.4-13.9) of the nasal swabs from Pyrenean chamois, Iberian ibex, domestic sheep and mouflon without statistical differences between species. Mycoplasma detection in nasal swabs was mostly associated with ocular infection (95.6%), but this was not the case for EEC (52.6%). Among the eye-positive ruminants, 27.3% were positive in ear swabs and 64.7% in nasal swabs, and the threshold cycle values of the qPCR were correlated only between eye and nasal swabs (p < 0.01; r2 = 0.56). M. conjunctivae was detected in 1.7% - 7.1 % of Musca spp. captured during an IKC outbreak in Iberian ibex and in one out of three endemic sheep flocks. The results indicate that the transmission of M. conjunctivae may occur by direct contact with eye or nasal secretions and/or indirectly through flies. The M. conjunctivae DNA detection in EEC suggests that it can colonise the auditory tract, but the significance for its persistence within the host should be further assessed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xavier Fernández Aguilar
- Wildlife Ecology & Health Group - Servei d' Ecopatologia de Fauna Salvatge (SEFaS), Departament de Medicina i Cirurgia, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra 08193, Spain; UAB, Centre de Recerca en Sanitat Animal (CReSA, IRTA-UAB), Campus de la Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra 08193, Spain.
| | - Jorge Ramón López-Olvera
- Wildlife Ecology & Health Group - Servei d' Ecopatologia de Fauna Salvatge (SEFaS), Departament de Medicina i Cirurgia, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra 08193, Spain
| | - Maria Puig Ribas
- Wildlife Ecology & Health Group - Servei d' Ecopatologia de Fauna Salvatge (SEFaS), Departament de Medicina i Cirurgia, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra 08193, Spain
| | - Mattia Begovoeva
- Wildlife Ecology & Health Group - Servei d' Ecopatologia de Fauna Salvatge (SEFaS), Departament de Medicina i Cirurgia, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra 08193, Spain
| | - Roser Velarde
- Wildlife Ecology & Health Group - Servei d' Ecopatologia de Fauna Salvatge (SEFaS), Departament de Medicina i Cirurgia, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra 08193, Spain
| | - Jesús Cardells
- Wildlife Ecology & Health Group - Servei d' Ecopatologia de Fauna Salvatge (SEFaS), Departament de Medicina i Cirurgia, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra 08193, Spain; Universidad Cardenal Herrera-CEU, CEU Universities, Avda. seminario s/n, Moncada, 46113 Valencia, Spain
| | - Oscar Cabezón
- Wildlife Ecology & Health Group - Servei d' Ecopatologia de Fauna Salvatge (SEFaS), Departament de Medicina i Cirurgia, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra 08193, Spain; UAB, Centre de Recerca en Sanitat Animal (CReSA, IRTA-UAB), Campus de la Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra 08193, Spain
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9
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Fernández-Aguilar X, Cabezón O, Granados JE, Frey J, Serrano E, Velarde R, Cano-Manuel FJ, Mentaberre G, Ráez-Bravo A, Fandos P, López-Olvera JR. Postepizootic Persistence of Asymptomatic Mycoplasma conjunctivae Infection in Iberian Ibex. Appl Environ Microbiol 2017; 83:e00690-17. [PMID: 28526790 PMCID: PMC5514678 DOI: 10.1128/aem.00690-17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2017] [Accepted: 05/08/2017] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The susceptibility of the Iberian ibex (Capra pyrenaica) to Mycoplasma conjunctivae ocular infection and the changes in their interaction over time were studied in terms of clinical outcome, molecular detection, and IgG immune response in a captive population that underwent a severe infectious keratoconjunctivitis (IKC) outbreak. Mycoplasma conjunctivae was detected in the Iberian ibex, coinciding with the IKC outbreak. Its prevalence had a decreasing trend in 2013 that was consistent with the clinical resolution (August, 35.4%; September, 8.7%; November, 4.3%). Infections without clinical outcome were, however, still detected in the last handling in November. Sequencing and cluster analyses of the M. conjunctivae strains found 1 year later in the ibex population confirmed the persistence of the same strain lineage that caused the IKC outbreak but with a high prevalence (75.3%) of mostly asymptomatic infections and with lower DNA load of M. conjunctivae in the eyes (mean quantitative PCR [qPCR] cycle threshold [CT ], 36.1 versus 20.3 in severe IKC). Significant age-related differences of M. conjunctivae prevalence were observed only under IKC epizootic conditions. No substantial effect of systemic IgG on M. conjunctivae DNA in the eye was evidenced with a linear mixed-models selection, which indicated that systemic IgG does not necessarily drive the resolution of M. conjunctivae infection and does not explain the epidemiological changes observed. The results show how both epidemiological scenarios, i.e., severe IKC outbreak and mostly asymptomatic infections, can consecutively occur by entailing mycoplasma persistence.IMPORTANCEMycoplasma infections are reported in a wide range of epidemiological scenarios that involve severe disease to asymptomatic infections. This study allows a better understanding of the transition between two different Mycoplasma conjunctivae epidemiological scenarios described in wild host populations and highlights the ability of M. conjunctivae to adapt, persist, and establish diverse interactions with its hosts. The proportion of asymptomatic and clinical M. conjunctivae infections in a host population may not be regarded only in response to intrinsic host species traits (i.e., susceptibility) but also to a specific host-pathogen interaction, which in turn influences the infection dynamics. Both epidemic infectious keratoconjunctivitis and a high prevalence of asymptomatic M. conjunctivae infections may occur in the same host population, depending on the circulation of M. conjunctivae, its maintenance, and the progression of the host-pathogen interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xavier Fernández-Aguilar
- Servei d'Ecopatologia de Fauna Salvatge, Departament de Medicina i Cirurgia Animals, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- UAB, Centre de Recerca en Sanitat Animal (CReSA, IRTA-UAB), Campus de la Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Oscar Cabezón
- UAB, Centre de Recerca en Sanitat Animal (CReSA, IRTA-UAB), Campus de la Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
- Servei d'Ecopatologia de Fauna Salvatge, Departament de Medicina i Cirurgia Animals, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Joachim Frey
- Institute of Veterinary Bacteriology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Emmanuel Serrano
- Servei d'Ecopatologia de Fauna Salvatge, Departament de Medicina i Cirurgia Animals, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Departamento de Biología & Cesam, Universidad de Aveiro (UA), Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Roser Velarde
- Servei d'Ecopatologia de Fauna Salvatge, Departament de Medicina i Cirurgia Animals, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Gregorio Mentaberre
- Servei d'Ecopatologia de Fauna Salvatge, Departament de Medicina i Cirurgia Animals, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Arián Ráez-Bravo
- Servei d'Ecopatologia de Fauna Salvatge, Departament de Medicina i Cirurgia Animals, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Jorge Ramón López-Olvera
- Servei d'Ecopatologia de Fauna Salvatge, Departament de Medicina i Cirurgia Animals, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
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Ráez-Bravo A, Granados JE, Cano-Manuel FJ, Soriguer RC, Fandos P, Pérez JM, Pavlov IY, Romero D. Toxic and Essential Element Concentrations in Iberian Ibex (Capra pyrenaica) from the Sierra Nevada Natural Park (Spain): Reference Intervals in Whole Blood. Bull Environ Contam Toxicol 2016; 96:273-280. [PMID: 26687500 DOI: 10.1007/s00128-015-1711-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2015] [Accepted: 12/08/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Iberian ibex (Capra pyrenaica) blood samples from the Sierra Nevada Natural Park (Spain) were analyzed to establish concentrations of toxic and essential elements. Samples (whole blood from 32 males and 34 females) were taken from wild animals and the concentrations of inorganic elements considered as (1) non-essential and toxic (Pb, Cd and As), (2) essential but potentially toxic (Cu, Zn and Mn) and (3) occasionally beneficial (B, Cr, Al and Ni), as well as (4) essential minerals (Ca, Na, K, P, Mg, S, Co and Fe), were analyzed. The low concentration of Pb and Cd indicated that there is no heavy metal contamination in this geographical area for these elements. The concentration of elements in this ibex population was defined for different genders and ages. Significant differences between genders were only found for Mg and Cu, while significant differences in concentrations of Ca, Cr, Fe, Mn, P, S and Zn were found between ages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arián Ráez-Bravo
- Área de Toxicología, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de Murcia, Campus Espinardo, 30100, Murcia, Spain
| | - José Enrique Granados
- Parque Nacional y Parque Natural de Sierra Nevada, Ctra. Antigua de Sierra Nevada Km 7, 18071, Pinos Genil, Granada, Spain
- Agencia de Medio Ambiente y Agua, Consejería de Agricultura, Pesca y Alimentación, Gerencia de Granada, 18013, Granada, Spain
| | - Francisco Javier Cano-Manuel
- Parque Nacional y Parque Natural de Sierra Nevada, Ctra. Antigua de Sierra Nevada Km 7, 18071, Pinos Genil, Granada, Spain
- Agencia de Medio Ambiente y Agua, Consejería de Agricultura, Pesca y Alimentación, Gerencia de Granada, 18013, Granada, Spain
| | - Ramón C Soriguer
- Estación Biológica de Doñana, Avd. María Luisa s/n, 41013, Seville, Spain
| | - Paulino Fandos
- Agencia de Medio Ambiente y Agua, Consejería de Agricultura, Pesca y Alimentación, Servicios Centrales, 41013, Seville, Spain
| | - Jesús M Pérez
- Dpto. Biología Animal, Biología Vegetal y Ecología, Universidad de Jaén, Campus Las Lagunillas s/n, 23071, Jaén, Spain
| | - Igor Y Pavlov
- ARUP Institute for Clinical and Experimental Pathology, Department of Pathology, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Diego Romero
- Área de Toxicología, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de Murcia, Campus Espinardo, 30100, Murcia, Spain.
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