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KalaBarathi S, Akshaya D, Kavitha M, Jagadeeswari J. Assessing Exercise Habits of Cardiovascular Risks in Middle-Aged Adults: A Descriptive Study. JOURNAL OF PHARMACY AND BIOALLIED SCIENCES 2024; 16:S2003-S2005. [PMID: 39346267 PMCID: PMC11426883 DOI: 10.4103/jpbs.jpbs_583_24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2024] [Revised: 05/25/2024] [Accepted: 05/27/2024] [Indexed: 10/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Cardiovascular problems are the leading cause of death among adults in our country. These illnesses primarily affect metropolitan populations, particularly in major cities. To prevent these diseases, efforts have focused on identifying and controlling cardiovascular risk factors such sedentary lifestyle. Aim The study aimed to assess the exercise habits of cardiovascular risks middle-aged adults. Materials and Methods The research approach used in this study was quantitative approach with descriptive design. Purposive sampling technique was used to select the samples. Totally 60 cardiovascular patients were recruited from Saveetha Medical College and Hospital Thandalam, Chennai. Data were gathered by using structured questionnaires and risk score calculator. Collected data were analyzed by using descriptive and inferential statistics. Results The above Table 1 shows that 59 (98.33%) had moderate level of physical activity and 1 (1.67%) had high level of physical activity among middle-aged adults. The mean and standard deviation of physical activity among middle-aged adults was 62.26 ± 5.92. The median was 62.0 with minimum score of 38.0 and maximum score of 73.0. The demographic variable age (χ 2 = 6.610, P = 0.037) had statistically significant association with level of physical activity among middle-aged adults at P < 0.05 level and the other demographic variables had not shown statistically significant association with level of physical activity among middle-aged adults. Conclusion Physical activity promotion and support should be a global priority because of the health benefits it provides for adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- S KalaBarathi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecological Nursing, Saveetha College of Nursing, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Thandalam, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - D Akshaya
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecological Nursing, Saveetha College of Nursing, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Thandalam, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - M Kavitha
- Department of Community Health Nursing, Saveetha College of Nursing, SIMATS, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - J Jagadeeswari
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecological Nursing, Saveetha College of Nursing, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Thandalam, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
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Yu L, Wang J, Gong Q, An Y, Chen F, Chen Y, Chen X, He S, Qian X, Chen B, Dong F, Li H, Zhao F, Zhang B, Li G. Influence of a diet and/or exercise intervention on long-term mortality and vascular complications in people with impaired glucose tolerance: Da Qing Diabetes Prevention Outcome study. Diabetes Obes Metab 2024; 26:1188-1196. [PMID: 38168886 DOI: 10.1111/dom.15413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Revised: 12/03/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
AIM We aimed to investigate the long-term influence of a diet and/or exercise intervention on long-term mortality and cardiovascular disease (CVD) events. METHODS The Da Qing Diabetes Prevention Study had 576 participants with impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) randomized to diet-only, exercise-only and diet-plus-exercise intervention group and control group. The participants underwent lifestyle interventions for 6 years. The subsequent Da Qing Diabetes Prevention Outcome Study was a prospective cohort study to follow-up the participants for up to 24 years after the end of 6-year intervention. In total, 540 participants completed the follow-up, while 36 subjects lost in follow-up. Cox proportional hazards analysis was applied to assess the influence of lifestyle interventions on targeted outcomes. RESULTS Compared with controls, the diet-only intervention in people with IGT was significantly associated with a reduced risk of all-cause death [hazard ratio (HR) 0.77, 95% confidence interval (CI) (0.61-0.97)], CVD death [HR 0.67, 95% CI (0.46-0.97)] and CVD events [HR 0.72, 95% CI (0.54-0.96)]. The diet-plus-exercise intervention was significantly associated with a decreased risk of all-cause death [HR 0.64, 95% CI (0.48-0.84)], CVD death [HR 0.54, 95% CI (0.30-0.97)] and CVD events [HR 0.68, 95% CI (0.52-0.90)]. Unexpectedly, the exercise-only intervention was not significantly associated with the reduction of any of these outcomes, although there was a consistent trend towards reduction. CONCLUSIONS A diet-only intervention and a diet-plus-exercise intervention in people with IGT were significantly associated with a reduced risk of all-cause death, CVD death and CVD events, while an exercise-only intervention was not. It suggests that diet-related interventions may have a potentially more reliable influence on long-term vascular complications and mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liping Yu
- Department of Endocrinology, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Jinping Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Da Qing First Hospital, Da Qing, China
| | - Qiuhong Gong
- Center of Endocrinology, National Center of Cardiology & Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yali An
- Center of Endocrinology, National Center of Cardiology & Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Fei Chen
- Department of Endocrinology, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yanyan Chen
- Center of Endocrinology, National Center of Cardiology & Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - XiaoPing Chen
- Department of Endocrinology, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Siyao He
- Center of Endocrinology, National Center of Cardiology & Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Xin Qian
- Center of Endocrinology, National Center of Cardiology & Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Bo Chen
- Division of Non-Communicable Disease Control and Community Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Fen Dong
- Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Hui Li
- Department of Cardiology, Da Qing First Hospital, Da Qing, China
| | - Fang Zhao
- Department of Endocrinology, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Bo Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Guangwei Li
- Department of Endocrinology, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
- Center of Endocrinology, National Center of Cardiology & Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
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Shariful Islam M, Fardousi A, Sizear MI, Rabbani MG, Islam R, Saif-Ur-Rahman KM. Effect of leisure-time physical activity on blood pressure in people with hypertension: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Sci Rep 2023; 13:10639. [PMID: 37391436 PMCID: PMC10313796 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-37149-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2022] [Accepted: 06/16/2023] [Indexed: 07/02/2023] Open
Abstract
High blood pressure is a major risk factor for premature death. Leisure-time physical activities have been recommended to control hypertension. Studies examining how leisure-time physical activity affects blood pressure have found mixed results. We aimed to conduct a systematic review examining the effect of leisure-time physical activity (LTPA) on lowering blood pressure among adults living with hypertension. We searched studies in Embase, Medline/PubMed, Web of Science, Physical Education Index, Scopus and CENTRAL (the Cochrane Library). The primary outcome variables were systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP). This systematic review is registered on PROSPERO (CRD42021260751). We included 17 studies out of 12,046 screened articles in this review. Moderate-intensity LTPA (all types) reduced SBP compared to the non-intervention control group (MD -5.35 mm Hg, 95% CI -8.06 to -2.65, nine trials, n = 531, low certainty of the evidence). Mean DBP was reduced by -4.76 mm Hg (95% CI -8.35 to -1.17, nine trials, n = 531, low certainty of the evidence) in all types of LTPA (moderate intensity) group compared to the non-intervention control group. Leisure-time walking reduced mean SBP by -8.36 mmHg, 95% CI -13.39 to -3.32, three trials, n = 128, low certainty of the evidence). Walking during leisure time reduced -5.03 mmHg mean DBP, 95% CI -8.23 to -1.84, three trials, n = 128, low certainty of the evidence). Performing physical activity during free time probably reduces SBP and DBP (low certainty of the evidence) among adults with hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ammatul Fardousi
- Health Systems and Population Studies Division, icddr,b, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Monaemul Islam Sizear
- Health Systems for Tuberculosis, Dhaka, Bangladesh
- Public Health Foundation, Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Md Golam Rabbani
- Health Economics Unit, Health Services Division, Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | | | - K M Saif-Ur-Rahman
- Health Systems and Population Studies Division, icddr,b, Dhaka, Bangladesh.
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García-Ortún F, Jaén A, Solá L, González-Gil L, Garreta R, de la Sierra A. Physical training program for people at risk of cardiovascular disorders in the primary care setting: A randomized clinical trial. Med Clin (Barc) 2022; 159:475-482. [DOI: 10.1016/j.medcli.2022.01.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2021] [Revised: 01/12/2022] [Accepted: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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He D, Zhang X, Chen S, Dai C, Wu Q, Zhou Y, Jin Z, Wu S, Zhu Y. Dynamic Changes of Metabolic Syndrome Alter the Risks of Cardiovascular Diseases and All-Cause Mortality: Evidence From a Prospective Cohort Study. Front Cardiovasc Med 2021; 8:706999. [PMID: 34422932 PMCID: PMC8371451 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2021.706999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2021] [Accepted: 07/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Metabolic syndrome (MetS) at baseline increases the risks of cardiovascular diseases (CVD) and all-cause mortality. However, MetS status is changeable during follow-up. The associations of dynamic changes of MetS with CVD and all-cause mortality remain unclear. Methods: Thirty-one thousand four hundred eighty-one eligible subjects were included from the Kailuan cohort. Dynamic changes of MetS were divided into four patterns as MetS-free, MetS-developed, MetS-recovery and MetS-stable. The outcomes were CVD, all-cause mortality, and the subtypes of CVD as myocardial infarction (MI), stroke and heart failure. Multiple Cox regression models were used to calculate the adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) and confidence intervals (95% CIs). Results: Altered risks of CVD, the subtypes of CVD, and all-cause mortality were observed among different dynamic patterns of MetS. Compared with the MetS-free group, MetS-developed group increased the risks of CVD (HR = 1.78, 95% CI = 1.51–2.11), MI (HR = 1.54, 95% CI = 1.01–2.34), stroke (HR = 1.78, 95% CI = 1.45–2.18), and heart failure (HR = 1.63, 95% CI = 1.11–2.39). MetS-recovery group decreased these risks with the HRs of 0.59 (95% CI = 0.48–0.72) for CVD, 0.62 (95% CI = 0.41–0.96) for MI, 0.59 (95% CI = 0.46–0.75) for stroke, and 0.56 (95% CI = 0.34–0.91) for heart failure compared with the MetS-stable group. However, the increased risk in the MetS-developed group and the decreased risk in the MetS-recovery group were not significant for all-cause mortality. When stratified by the onset age of MetS status change, early development of MetS (<50 years) had higher risks of CVD (HR = 2.20, 95% CI = 1.58–3.05), MI (HR = 2.35, 95% CI = 1.00–5.50), stroke (HR = 2.05, 95% CI = 1.38–3.05), heart failure (HR = 2.63, 95% CI = 1.15–6.04), and all-cause mortality (HR = 1.61, 95% CI = 1.13–2.30) than late development (≥50 years). Early recovery of MetS had lower risks with the HRs of 0.38 (95% CI = 0.24–0.59) for CVD, 0.43 (95% CI = 0.18–1.06) for MI, 0.37 (95% CI = 0.21–0.64) for stroke, 0.30 (95% CI = 0.09–1.04) for heart failure, and 0.68 (95% CI = 0.43–1.06) for all-cause mortality than late recovery. Conclusion: Dynamic changes of MetS altered the risks of CVD and all-cause mortality, especially in individuals with an early onset age. These findings highlight the importance of dynamic changes of MetS and onset age on the prevention and control for CVD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Di He
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xuhui Zhang
- Hangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shuohua Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Kailuan General Hospital, Hebei United University, Tangshan, China
| | - Chen Dai
- Putuo District People's Hospital, Zhoushan, China
| | - Qiong Wu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yaohan Zhou
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ziqi Jin
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shouling Wu
- Department of Cardiology, Kailuan General Hospital, Hebei United University, Tangshan, China
| | - Yimin Zhu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Department of Respiratory Diseases, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital Affiliated to School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Increased physical activity has been recommended as an important lifestyle modification for the prevention and control of hypertension. Walking is a low-cost form of physical activity and one which most people can do. Studies testing the effect of walking on blood pressure have revealed inconsistent findings. OBJECTIVES To determine the effect of walking as a physical activity intervention on blood pressure and heart rate. SEARCH METHODS We searched the following databases up to March 2020: the Cochrane Hypertension Specialised Register, CENTRAL (2020, Issue 2), Ovid MEDLINE, Ovid Embase, CINAHL, PsycINFO, SPORTDiscus, PEDro, the WHO International Clinical Trials Registry Platform, and ClinicalTrials.gov. We also searched the following Chinese databases up to May 2020: Index to Taiwan Periodical Literature System; National Digital Library of Theses and Dissertation in Taiwan; China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) Journals, Theses & Dissertations; and Wanfang Medical Online. We contacted authors of relevant papers regarding further published and unpublished work. The searches had no language restrictions. SELECTION CRITERIA Randomised controlled trials of participants, aged 16 years and over, which evaluated the effects of a walking intervention compared to non-intervention control on blood pressure and heart rate were included. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS We used standard methodological procedures expected by Cochrane. Where data were not available in the published reports, we contacted authors. Pooled results for blood pressure and heart rate were presented as mean differences (MDs) between groups with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). We undertook subgroup analyses for age and sex. We undertook sensitivity analyses to assess the effect of sample size on our findings. MAIN RESULTS A total of 73 trials met our inclusion criteria. These 73 trials included 5763 participants and were undertaken in 22 countries. Participants were aged from 16 to 84 years and there were approximately 1.5 times as many females as males. The characteristics of walking interventions in the included studies were as follows: the majority of walking interventions was at home/community (n = 50) but supervised (n = 36 out of 47 reported the information of supervision); the average intervention length was 15 weeks, average walking time per week was 153 minutes and the majority of walking intensity was moderate. Many studies were at risk of selection bias and performance bias. Primary outcome We found moderate-certainty evidence suggesting that walking reduces systolic blood pressure (SBP) (MD -4.11 mmHg, 95% CI -5.22 to -3.01; 73 studies, n = 5060). We found moderate-certainty evidence suggesting that walking reduces SBP in participants aged 40 years and under (MD -4.41 mmHg, 95% CI -6.17 to -2.65; 14 studies, n = 491), and low-certainty evidence that walking reduces SBP in participants aged 41 to 60 years (MD -3.79 mmHg, 95% CI -5.64 to -1.94, P < 0.001; 35 studies, n = 1959), and those aged 60 years of over (MD -4.30 mmHg, 95% CI -6.17 to -2.44, 24 studies, n = 2610). We also found low certainty-evidence suggesting that walking reduces SBP in both females (MD -5.65 mmHg, 95% CI -7.89 to -3.41; 22 studies, n = 1149) and males (MD -4.64 mmHg, 95% CI -8.69 to -0.59; 6 studies, n = 203). Secondary outcomes We found low-certainty evidence suggesting that walking reduces diastolic blood pressure (DBP) (MD -1.79 mmHg, 95% CI -2.51 to -1.07; 69 studies, n = 4711) and heart rate (MD -2.76 beats per minute (bpm), 95% CI -4.57 to -0.95; 26 studies, n = 1747). We found moderate-certainty evidence suggesting that walking reduces DBP for participants aged 40 years and under (MD -3.01 mmHg, 95% CI -4.44 to -1.58; 14 studies, n = 491) and low-certainty evidence suggesting that walking reduces DBP for participants aged 41 to 60 years (MD -1.74 mmHg, 95% CI -2.95 to -0.52; 32 studies, n = 1730) and those aged 60 years and over (MD -1.33 mmHg, 95% CI -2.40 to -0.26; 23 studies, n = 2490). We found moderate-certainty evidence that suggests walking reduces DBP for males (MD -2.54 mmHg, 95% CI -4.84 to -0.24; 6 studies, n = 203) and low-certainty evidence that walking reduces DBP for females (MD -2.69 mmHg, 95% CI -4.16 to -1.23; 20 studies, n = 1000). Only 21 included studies reported adverse events. Of these 21 studies, 16 reported no adverse events, the remaining five studies reported eight adverse events, with knee injury being reported five times. AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS Moderate-certainty evidence suggests that walking probably reduces SBP. Moderate- or low-certainty evidence suggests that walking may reduce SBP for all ages and both sexes. Low-certainty evidence suggests that walking may reduce DBP and heart rate. Moderate- and low-certainty evidence suggests walking may reduce DBP and heart rate for all ages and both sexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling-Ling Lee
- Department of Nursing, Tzu Chi University of Science and Technology, Hualien City, Hualien County, Taiwan
| | | | | | | | - Michael C Watson
- School of Health Sciences, The University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Hui-Hsin Lin
- Medical Affairs Division, Hualien Armed Forces General Hospital, Hualien, Taiwan
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O'Connor EA, Evans CV, Rushkin MC, Redmond N, Lin JS. Behavioral Counseling to Promote a Healthy Diet and Physical Activity for Cardiovascular Disease Prevention in Adults With Cardiovascular Risk Factors: Updated Evidence Report and Systematic Review for the US Preventive Services Task Force. JAMA 2020; 324:2076-2094. [PMID: 33231669 DOI: 10.1001/jama.2020.17108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
IMPORTANCE Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death in the US, and poor diet and lack of physical activity are major factors contributing to cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. OBJECTIVE To review the benefits and harms of behavioral counseling interventions to improve diet and physical activity in adults with cardiovascular risk factors. DATA SOURCES MEDLINE, PubMed, PsycINFO, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials through September 2019; literature surveillance through July 24, 2020. STUDY SELECTION English-language randomized clinical trials (RCTs) of behavioral counseling interventions to help people with elevated blood pressure or lipid levels improve their diet and increase physical activity. DATA EXTRACTION AND SYNTHESIS Data were extracted from studies by one reviewer and checked by a second. Random-effects meta-analysis and qualitative synthesis were used. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES Cardiovascular events, mortality, subjective well-being, cardiovascular risk factors, diet and physical activity measures (eg, minutes of physical activity, meeting physical activity recommendations), and harms. Interventions were categorized according to estimated contact time as low (≤30 minutes), medium (31-360 minutes), and high (>360 minutes). RESULTS Ninety-four RCTs were included (N = 52 174). Behavioral counseling interventions involved a median of 6 contact hours and 12 sessions over the course of 12 months and varied in format and dietary recommendations; only 5% addressed physical activity alone. Interventions were associated with a lower risk of cardiovascular events (pooled relative risk, 0.80 [95% CI, 0.73-0.87]; 9 RCTs [n = 12 551]; I2 = 0%). Event rates were variable; in the largest trial (Prevención con Dieta Mediterránea [PREDIMED]), 3.6% in the intervention groups experienced a cardiovascular event, compared with 4.4% in the control group. Behavioral counseling interventions were associated with small, statistically significant reductions in continuous measures of blood pressure, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels, fasting glucose levels, and adiposity at 12 to 24 months' follow-up. Measurement of diet and physical activity was heterogeneous, and evidence suggested small improvements in diet consistent with the intervention recommendation targets but mixed findings and a more limited evidence base for physical activity. Adverse events were rare, with generally no group differences in serious adverse events, any adverse events, hospitalizations, musculoskeletal injuries, or withdrawals due to adverse events. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE Medium- and high-contact multisession behavioral counseling interventions to improve diet and increase physical activity for people with elevated blood pressure and lipid levels were effective in reducing cardiovascular events, blood pressure, low-density lipoproteins, and adiposity-related outcomes, with little to no risk of serious harm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth A O'Connor
- Kaiser Permanente Evidence-based Practice Center, Center for Health Research, Kaiser Permanente, Portland, Oregon
| | - Corinne V Evans
- Kaiser Permanente Evidence-based Practice Center, Center for Health Research, Kaiser Permanente, Portland, Oregon
| | - Megan C Rushkin
- Kaiser Permanente Evidence-based Practice Center, Center for Health Research, Kaiser Permanente, Portland, Oregon
| | - Nadia Redmond
- Kaiser Permanente Evidence-based Practice Center, Center for Health Research, Kaiser Permanente, Portland, Oregon
| | - Jennifer S Lin
- Kaiser Permanente Evidence-based Practice Center, Center for Health Research, Kaiser Permanente, Portland, Oregon
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Vieira MDCS, Leitão AE, Vieira G, Moratelli J, Boing L, Seemann T, Guimarães ACDA. Concurrent training protocol for men with androgen deficiency in the aging male: a randomized clinical trial. Aging Male 2018; 21:149-157. [PMID: 29575951 DOI: 10.1080/13685538.2018.1454421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The androgen deficiency in the aging male (ADAM) affects physical, sexual, and psychological aspects with characteristics symptoms of middle-aged men. The practice of regular physical activity and physical exercise can attenuate these symptoms. The aim of this randomized clinical trial is to propose a physical exercise protocol based on concurrent training for middle-aged men with ADAM. METHOD Randomized clinical trial with a 6-month intervention will randomly divided into two groups: experimental group (EG) and control group (CG). Four evaluations will be carried out, (1) pre-intervention; (2) in the first month of intervention; (3) in the third month of intervention; (4) post-intervention, evaluating: physical, psychological, sexual, and hormonal aspects. The intervention protocol with concurrent training will have duration of 6 months; frequency of 3 times weekly, with 60 min per session. The two-way ANOVA test will be used for the inter-group and intra-group comparisons with repeated measurements, and also Sydak's comparison test. CONCLUSION This protocol was developed with the intent of easing the symptoms of ADAM. In addition, it is believed that the concurrent training protocol could be capable to recover hormonal, physical, psychological, and sexual aspect of middle-aged men with ADAM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa de Carvalho Souza Vieira
- a Postgraduate Program in Human Movement, Sciences Center for Health and Sport Sciences , Santa Catarina State University , Florianópolis , Santa Catarina , Brazil
| | - Alice Erwig Leitão
- a Postgraduate Program in Human Movement, Sciences Center for Health and Sport Sciences , Santa Catarina State University , Florianópolis , Santa Catarina , Brazil
| | - Guilherme Vieira
- b Bachelor in Physical Education , Santa Catarina State University , Florianópolis , Santa Catarina , Brazil
| | - Jéssica Moratelli
- a Postgraduate Program in Human Movement, Sciences Center for Health and Sport Sciences , Santa Catarina State University , Florianópolis , Santa Catarina , Brazil
| | - Leonessa Boing
- a Postgraduate Program in Human Movement, Sciences Center for Health and Sport Sciences , Santa Catarina State University , Florianópolis , Santa Catarina , Brazil
| | - Taysi Seemann
- a Postgraduate Program in Human Movement, Sciences Center for Health and Sport Sciences , Santa Catarina State University , Florianópolis , Santa Catarina , Brazil
| | - Adriana Coutinho de Azevedo Guimarães
- a Postgraduate Program in Human Movement, Sciences Center for Health and Sport Sciences , Santa Catarina State University , Florianópolis , Santa Catarina , Brazil
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Silina V, Tessma MK, Senkane S, Krievina G, Bahs G. Text messaging (SMS) as a tool to facilitate weight loss and prevent metabolic deterioration in clinically healthy overweight and obese subjects: a randomised controlled trial. Scand J Prim Health Care 2017; 35:262-270. [PMID: 28812403 PMCID: PMC5592353 DOI: 10.1080/02813432.2017.1358435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine whether SMS text messaging facilitates a reduction of weight and waist circumference (WC) and favourable changes in lipid profile and insulin levels in clinically healthy overweight and obese subjects. DESIGN A randomised controlled trial. SETTING AND INTERVENTION Primary care health centre in Riga, Latvia. Text messaging once in two weeks. SUBJECTS A total of 123 overweight and obese men and women aged 30-45 years with no cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) or diabetes. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES changes in anthropometric parameters (weight, WC, body mass index (BMI)) and biochemical parameters (lipids, fasting glucose and insulin). RESULTS We found a statistically significant decrease in weight (2.4%), BMI and WC (4.8%) in the intervention group, while the control group showed a statistically non-significant increase in weight and BMI and decrease in WC. Between group results obtained over the course of a year showed statistically significant mean differences between weight (-3.4 kg (95% CI -5.5, -1.3)), BMI kg/m2 (-1.14 (95% CI -1.9, -0.41)), WC (-4.6 cm (95% CI -6.8, -2.3)), hip circumference (-4.0 cm (95% CI -5.9, -2.0)) and fasting insulin (2.43 μU/ml (95% CI 0.6, 4.3)). Mean differences of changes in glucose and lipid levels were statistically non significant: fasting glucose (-0.01 mmol/l (95% CI -0.19, 0.17)), TC mmol/l (-0.04 mmol/l (95% CI -0.29, 0.21)), HDL-C (0.14 mmol/l (95% CI -0.65, 0.09)), LDL-C (-0.02 mmol/l (95% CI -0.22, 0.18)) and TG (0.23 mmol/l (95% CI -0.06, 0.52)). CONCLUSIONS SMS messaging in clinically healthy overweight and obese subjects facilitates a slight decrease in weight, BMI and WC. It is anticipated that the implications of this strategy might facilitate the design of preventive and promotive strategies among high risk groups in Latvia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vija Silina
- Department of Family Medicine, Riga Stradins University, Riga, Latvia
- CONTACT Vija Silina Gravas iela 17-57, Riga LV-1057, Latvia
| | - Mesfin K. Tessma
- Department of Learning, Informatics, Management and Ethics, Karolinska Institutet, Solna, Sweden
| | - Silva Senkane
- Statistics Unit, Riga Stradins University, Riga, Latvia
| | - Gita Krievina
- Department of Human Physiology and Biochemistry, Riga Stradins University, Riga, Latvia
| | - Guntis Bahs
- Department of Internal Diseases, Riga Stradins University, Riga, Latvia
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Arija V, Villalobos F, Pedret R, Vinuesa A, Timón M, Basora T, Aguas D, Basora J. Effectiveness of a physical activity program on cardiovascular disease risk in adult primary health-care users: the "Pas-a-Pas" community intervention trial. BMC Public Health 2017; 17:576. [PMID: 28619115 PMCID: PMC5471891 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-017-4485-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2016] [Accepted: 06/01/2017] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Physical activity is a major, modifiable, risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD) that contributes to the prevention and management of CVD. The aim of this study was to assess the short- and medium-term effectiveness of 9 months of a supervised physical activity program, including sociocultural activities, on CVD risk in adults. METHODS Multicentered, randomized, controlled community intervention involving 364 patients in four primary care centers. The participants were randomly assigned to a Control Group (CG = 104) or Intervention Group (IG = 260); mean age 65.19 years; 76.8% women. The intervention consisted of 120 min/week walking (396 METs/min/week) and sociocultural gathering once a month. Clinical history, physical activity, dietary intake, CVD risk factors (smoking, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, weight, waist circumference, BMI, total cholesterol, LDL- and HDL-cholesterol, triglycerides, glycosylated hemoglobin and glucose) and global CVD risk were assessed at baseline and at the end of the intervention and multivariate models were applied to the data. Incidence of adverse cardiovascular events and continued adherence to the physical activity were assessed 2 years after intervention. RESULTS At the end of the intervention period, in the IG relative to the CG group, there was a significant increase in physical activity (774.81 METs/min/week), a significant change during the intervention period in systolic blood pressure (-6.63 mmHg), total cholesterol (-10.12 mg/dL) and LDL-cholesterol (-9.05 mg/dL) even after adjustment for potential confounders. At 2 years after the intervention, in the IG, compared with the CG, tthe incidence of adverse cardiovascular events was significantly lower (2.5% vs. 10.5%) and the adherence to regular physical activity was higher (72.8% vs 27.2%) in IG compared to CG. CONCLUSIONS This community-based physical activity program improved cardiovascular health in the short- as well as medium-term, and promoted regular physical activity in the medium-term in older Spanish adults. TRIALS REGISTRATION Clinicaltrials.gov ID NCT02767739 . Trial registered on May 5th, 2016. Retrospectively registered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victoria Arija
- Unit of Research Support Reus-Tarragona, Institut d'Investigació en Atenció Primária, IDIAP Jordi Gol, Barcelona, Spain.
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Reus, Tarragona, Spain.
- Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili, Reus, Tarragona, Spain.
- Unit of Research Support Reus-Tarragona, Institut d'Investigació en Atencio Primária, (IDIAP) Jordi Gol (Barcelona), Camí de Riudoms 57, 43202, Reus, Spain.
| | - Felipe Villalobos
- Unit of Research Support Reus-Tarragona, Institut d'Investigació en Atenció Primária, IDIAP Jordi Gol, Barcelona, Spain
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Reus, Tarragona, Spain
| | - Roser Pedret
- Primary Health Care Area, Reus, Tarragona, Institut Català de la Salut, Generalitat de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Angels Vinuesa
- Primary Health Care Area, Reus, Tarragona, Institut Català de la Salut, Generalitat de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Mercé Timón
- Primary Health Care Area, Reus, Tarragona, Institut Català de la Salut, Generalitat de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Teresa Basora
- Primary Health Care Area, Reus, Tarragona, Institut Català de la Salut, Generalitat de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Dolors Aguas
- Department of Activities and Projects, Reus Esport i Lleure SA, Reus, Tarragona, Spain
| | - Josep Basora
- Unit of Research Support Reus-Tarragona, Institut d'Investigació en Atenció Primária, IDIAP Jordi Gol, Barcelona, Spain
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Reus, Tarragona, Spain
- Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili, Reus, Tarragona, Spain
- Primary Health Care Area, Reus, Tarragona, Institut Català de la Salut, Generalitat de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain
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Rödjer L, H. Jonsdottir I, Börjesson M. Physical activity on prescription (PAP): self-reported physical activity and quality of life in a Swedish primary care population, 2-year follow-up. Scand J Prim Health Care 2016; 34:443-452. [PMID: 27978781 PMCID: PMC5217291 DOI: 10.1080/02813432.2016.1253820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To study the self-reported level of physical activity (PA) and quality of life (QOL) in patients receiving physical activity on prescription (PAP) for up to 24 months. DESIGN Observational study conducted in a regular healthcare setting. SETTING A primary care population in Sweden receiving physical activity on prescription as part of regular care was studied alongside a reference group. SUBJECTS The group comprised 146 patients receiving PAP at two different primary care locations (n = 96 and 50, respectively). The reference group comprised 58 patients recruited from two different primary care centres in the same region. MAIN OUTCOME MEASUREMENTS We used two self-report questionnaires - the four-level Saltin-Grimby Physical Activity Level Scale (SGPALS) to assess physical activity, and SF-36 to assess QOL. RESULTS A significant increase in the PA level was found at six and 12 months following PAP, with an ongoing non-significant trend at 24 months (p = .09). A clear improvement in QOL was seen during the period. At 24 months, significant and clinically relevant improvements in QOL persisted in four out of eight sub-scale scores (Physical Role Limitation, Bodily Pain, General Health,Vitality) and in one out of two summary scores (Physical Component Summary). CONCLUSION Patients receiving PAP showed an increased level of self-reported PA at six and 12 months and improved QOL for up to 24 months in several domains. The Swedish PAP method seems to be a feasible method for bringing about changes in physical activity in different patient populations in regular primary healthcare. While increased physical activity (PA) is shown to improve health, the implementation of methods designed to increase activity is still being developed. Key points The present study confirms that the Swedish physical activity on prescription (PAP) method increases the self-reported level of PA in the primary care setting at six and 12 months. Furthermore, this study shows that PAP recipients report a clinically relevant long-term improvement in quality of life, persisting for two years post-prescription, thus extending earlier findings. These findings have clinical implications for the implementation of PAP in healthcare.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lars Rödjer
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Department of Medicine, Halland Hospital Varberg, Varberg, Sweden
- CONTACT Lars Rödjer Department of Medicine, Halland Hospital, Varberg, Träslövsvägen 68, SE-432 81 Varberg, Sweden
| | - Ingibjörg H. Jonsdottir
- Institute of Stress Medicine, Region Västra Götaland, Sweden
- Department of Food and Nutrition, and Sport Science, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Mats Börjesson
- Department of Food and Nutrition, and Sport Science, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy and Sahlgrenska University Hospital/Östra, Göteborg, Sweden
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Thulesius H. Why are standardized lifestyle interventions for the metabolic syndrome not successful? Experiences from two RCTs and one mixed-methods study. Scand J Prim Health Care 2015; 33:55-6. [PMID: 25961129 PMCID: PMC4834503 DOI: 10.3109/02813432.2015.1030175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Hans Thulesius
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Malmö, Family Medicine, Lund University , Sweden
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Time regained: when people stop a physical activity program, how does their time use change? A randomised controlled trial. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0126665. [PMID: 26023914 PMCID: PMC4449013 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0126665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2014] [Accepted: 03/30/2015] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate how previously inactive adults who had participated in a structured, partly supervised 6-week exercise program restructured their time budgets when the program ended. Using a randomised controlled trial design, 129 previously inactive adults were recruited and randomly allocated to one of three groups: a Moderate or Extensive six-week physical activity intervention (150 and 300 additional minutes of exercise per week, respectively) or a Control group. Additional physical activity was accumulated through both group and individual exercise sessions with a wide range of activities. Use of time and time spent in energy expenditure zones was measured using a computerised 24-h self-report recall instrument, the Multimedia Activity Recall for Children and Adults, and accelerometry at baseline, mid- and end-program and at 3- and 6-months follow up. At final follow up, all significant changes in time use domains had returned to within 20 minutes of baseline levels (Physical Activity 1-2 min/d, Active Transport 3-9 min/d, Self-Care 0-2 min/d, Television/Videogames 13-18 min/d in the Moderate and Extensive group, relative to Controls, respectively, p>0.05). Similarly, all significant changes in time spent in the moderate energy expenditure zone had returned to within 1-3 min/d baseline levels (p>0.05), however time spent in vigorous physical activity according to accelerometry estimates remained elevated, although the changes were small in magnitude (1 min/d in the Moderate and Extensive groups, relative to Controls, p=0.01). The results of this study demonstrate strong recidivist patterns in physical activity, but also in other aspects of time use. In designing and determining the effectiveness of exercise interventions, future studies would benefit from considering the whole profile of time use, rather than focusing on individual activities.
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