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Liu Y, Ouyang Y, You W, Liu W, Cheng Y, Mai X, Shen Z. Physiological roles of human interleukin-17 family. Exp Dermatol 2024; 33:e14964. [PMID: 37905720 DOI: 10.1111/exd.14964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2023] [Revised: 10/08/2023] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/02/2023]
Abstract
Interleukin-17 s (IL-17s) are well-known proinflammatory cytokines, and their antagonists perform excellently in the treatment of inflammatory skin diseases such as psoriasis. However, their physiological functions have not been given sufficient attention by clinicians. IL-17s can protect the host from extracellular pathogens, maintain epithelial integrity, regulate cognitive processes and modulate adipocyte activity through distinct mechanisms. Here, we present a systematic review concerning the physiological functions of IL-17s. Our goal is not to negate the therapeutic effect of IL-17 antagonists, but to ensure their safe use and reasonably explain the possible adverse events that may occur in their application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yucong Liu
- The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ye Ouyang
- The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wanchun You
- The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wenqi Liu
- Department of Dermatology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yufan Cheng
- Department of Dermatology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xinming Mai
- Medical School, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Zhu Shen
- Department of Dermatology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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2
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Kamei H, Ishii T, Nishii Y. Semaphorin 3A regulates alveolar bone remodeling on orthodontic tooth movement. Sci Rep 2022; 12:9243. [PMID: 35654941 PMCID: PMC9163121 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-13217-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Accepted: 05/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Semaphorin 3A (Sema3A) promotes osteoblast differentiation and inhibits osteoclast differentiation. In the present study, we observed the regulation of alveolar bone remodeling by Sema3A during orthodontic tooth movement (OTM). Four inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, IL-6, TNFα, and INF-γ) involved in OTM were applied to osteoblasts in vitro, and Sema3A expression was determined by reverse-transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR). In vivo, springs were attached to the maxillary first molars of C56BL/6J mice (OTM model) and the localization of Sema3A was confirmed by immunofluorescent. Recombinant Sema3A (rSema3A) was locally injected into the OTM model. Inflammatory cytokine localization in the OTM model was confirmed by immunohistochemistry. In vivo, more Sema3A was observed on the tension side in the OTM group. Injection of rSema3A into the OTM model increased mineralization on the tension side and decreased the number of osteoclasts on the compression side. In vitro, IL-1β significantly increased Sema3A mRNA levels. Immunohistochemistry for IL-1β in vivo showed more concentrated staining in the periodontal ligament on the tension side than on the compression side. In summary, our findings revealed the distribution of Sema3A in the periodontal ligament and demonstrated that rSema3A administration promotes bone formation and inhibits bone resorption during OTM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hirokazu Kamei
- Department of Orthodontics, Tokyo Dental College, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takenobu Ishii
- Department of Orthodontics, Tokyo Dental College, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Yasushi Nishii
- Department of Orthodontics, Tokyo Dental College, Tokyo, Japan
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3
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Lan H, Liu WH, Zheng H, Feng H, Zhao W, Hung WL, Li H. Bifidobacterium lactis BL-99 protects mice with osteoporosis caused by colitis via gut inflammation and gut microbiota regulation. Food Funct 2022; 13:1482-1494. [PMID: 35060590 DOI: 10.1039/d1fo02218k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Patients diagnosed with inflammatory bowel disease or related conditions also frequently suffer from osteoporosis as a consequence of changes in the intestinal microenvironment and consequent dysbiosis. We hypothesized that anti-inflammatory probiotic treatment would be sufficient to alleviate intestinal inflammation and thereby prevent the development of osteoporosis. To that end, the ability of Bifidobacterium lactis BL-99 administration to protect against bone loss in an experimental model of dextran sodium sulfate-induced ulcerative colitis (UC) was analyzed, and the underlying molecular mechanisms were interrogated in detail. The results of these analyses revealed that BL-99 administration suppressed colitis-associated weight loss (P < 0.05), disease activity index scores, and the production of proinflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, and IL-17) (P < 0.05). Colon tissue pathological sections similarly revealed BL-99-mediated reductions in tissue injury severity. Micro-computed tomography (Micro-CT) analyses further exhibited significant improvements in percent bone volume (BV/TV) as well as trabecular number and thickness in BL-99-treated animals (P < 0.05). Such probiotic supplementation also resulted in pronounced changes in the composition of the gut microbiota. Moreover, BL-99 intervention markedly increased the expression of intestinal barrier-related proteins (Claudin-1, MUC2, ZO-1, and Occludin). Together, these results suggest that BL-99 can be utilized as a beneficial probiotic preparation to prevent the incidence of osteoporosis in UC patients owing to its ability to shape the intestinal microflora and to suppress inflammatory cytokine production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Lan
- School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, Fujian, China.
| | - Wei-Hsien Liu
- Inner Mongolia Yili Industrial Group Co., Ltd., Hohhot 010110, Inner Mongolia, China.
| | - Hanying Zheng
- School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, Fujian, China.
| | - Haotian Feng
- Inner Mongolia Yili Industrial Group Co., Ltd., Hohhot 010110, Inner Mongolia, China.
| | - Wen Zhao
- Inner Mongolia Yili Industrial Group Co., Ltd., Hohhot 010110, Inner Mongolia, China.
| | - Wei-Lian Hung
- Inner Mongolia Yili Industrial Group Co., Ltd., Hohhot 010110, Inner Mongolia, China.
| | - Hongwei Li
- School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, Fujian, China.
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4
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Wang X, Zhang X, Han Y, Duan X, Wang J, Yan H, Wang S, Xu Y, Zhu Z, Wang L, Huang Y, Lin Q, Tan X, Zhuo J, Zhang H, Mao M, Gou W, Yi Z, Li X. Role of the major histocompatibility complex class II protein presentation pathway in bone immunity imbalance in postmenopausal osteoporosis. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:876067. [PMID: 36034452 PMCID: PMC9402988 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.876067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2022] [Accepted: 07/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Bone immunity regulates osteoclast differentiation and bone resorption and is a potential target for the treatment of postmenopausal osteoporosis (PMOP). The molecular network between bone metabolism and the immune system is complex. However, the molecular mechanism underlying the involvement of the major histocompatibility complex class II (MHC-II) molecule protein presentation pathway in PMOP remains to be elucidated. The MHC-II molecule is a core molecule of the protein presentation pathway. It is combined with the processed short peptide and presented to T lymphocytes, thereby activating them to become effector T cells. T-cell-derived inflammatory factors promote bone remodeling in PMOP. Moreover, the MHC-II molecule is highly expressed in osteoclast precursors. MHC-II transactivator (CIITA) is the main regulator of MHC-II gene expression and the switch for protein presentation. CIITA is also a major regulator of osteoclast differentiation and bone homeostasis. Therefore, we hypothesized that the MHC-II promotes osteoclast differentiation, providing a novel pathogenic mechanism and a potential target for the treatment of PMOP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoning Wang
- College of Integrative Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, China
- Academy of Integrative Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, China
| | - Xin Zhang
- Academy of Integrative Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, China
| | - Yidan Han
- Academy of Integrative Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, China
| | - Xinwei Duan
- Academy of Integrative Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, China
| | - Jianchang Wang
- College of Integrative Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, China
| | - Hui Yan
- College of Integrative Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, China
| | - Shanshan Wang
- College of Integrative Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, China
| | - Yunteng Xu
- Academy of Integrative Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, China
| | - Zaishi Zhu
- Academy of Integrative Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, China
| | - Lili Wang
- Academy of Integrative Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Integrative Medicine on Geriatrics, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, China
| | - Yanfeng Huang
- Academy of Integrative Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, China
| | - Qing Lin
- Academy of Integrative Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, China
| | - Xue Tan
- Academy of Integrative Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, China
| | - Junkuan Zhuo
- Academy of Integrative Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, China
| | - Haifeng Zhang
- Academy of Integrative Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, China
| | - Min Mao
- Academy of Integrative Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, China
| | - Weiying Gou
- Academy of Integrative Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, China
| | - Zhouping Yi
- Academy of Integrative Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, China
| | - Xihai Li
- College of Integrative Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Integrative Medicine on Geriatrics, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Xihai Li,
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5
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Yamaguchi M, Fukasawa S. Is Inflammation a Friend or Foe for Orthodontic Treatment?: Inflammation in Orthodontically Induced Inflammatory Root Resorption and Accelerating Tooth Movement. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:2388. [PMID: 33673606 PMCID: PMC7957544 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22052388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2021] [Revised: 02/20/2021] [Accepted: 02/22/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this paper is to provide a review on the role of inflammation in orthodontically induced inflammatory root resorption (OIIRR) and accelerating orthodontic tooth movement (AOTM) in orthodontic treatment. Orthodontic tooth movement (OTM) is stimulated by remodeling of the periodontal ligament (PDL) and alveolar bone. These remodeling activities and tooth displacement are involved in the occurrence of an inflammatory process in the periodontium, in response to orthodontic forces. Inflammatory mediators such as prostaglandins (PGs), interleukins (Ils; IL-1, -6, -17), the tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α superfamily, and receptor activator of nuclear factor (RANK)/RANK ligand (RANKL)/osteoprotegerin (OPG) are increased in the PDL during OTM. OIIRR is one of the accidental symptoms, and inflammatory mediators have been detected in resorbed roots, PDL, and alveolar bone exposed to heavy orthodontic force. Therefore, these inflammatory mediators are involved with the occurrence of OIIRR during orthodontic tooth movement. On the contrary, regional accelerating phenomenon (RAP) occurs after fractures and surgery such as osteotomies or bone grafting, and bone healing is accelerated by increasing osteoclasts and osteoblasts. Recently, tooth movement after surgical procedures such as corticotomy, corticision, piezocision, and micro-osteoperforation might be accelerated by RAP, which increases the bone metabolism. Therefore, inflammation may be involved in accelerated OTM (AOTM). The knowledge of inflammation during orthodontic treatment could be used in preventing OIIRR and AOTM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masaru Yamaguchi
- Ginza Orthodontic Clinic, Ginza Granvia 6F, 3-3-14 Ginza, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 104-0061, Japan;
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Tang M, Lu L, Yu X. Interleukin-17A Interweaves the Skeletal and Immune Systems. Front Immunol 2021; 11:625034. [PMID: 33613566 PMCID: PMC7890031 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.625034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2020] [Accepted: 12/23/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The complex crosstalk between the immune and the skeletal systems plays an indispensable role in the maintenance of skeletal homeostasis. Various cytokines are involved, including interleukin (IL)-17A. A variety of immune and inflammatory cells produces IL-17A, especially Th17 cells, a subtype of CD4+ T cells. IL-17A orchestrates diverse inflammatory and immune processes. IL-17A induces direct and indirect effects on osteoclasts. The dual role of IL-17A on osteoclasts partly depends on its concentrations and interactions with other factors. Interestingly, IL-17A exerts a dual role in osteoblasts in vitro. IL-17A is a bone-destroying cytokine in numerous immune-mediated bone diseases including postmenopausal osteoporosis (PMOP), rheumatoid arthritis (RA), psoriatic arthritis (PsA) and axial spondylarthritis (axSpA). This review will summarize and discuss the pathophysiological roles of IL-17A on the skeletal system and its potential strategies for application in immune-mediated bone diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengjia Tang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Laboratory of Endocrinology and Metabolism, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Lingyun Lu
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Laboratory of Endocrinology and Metabolism, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xijie Yu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Laboratory of Endocrinology and Metabolism, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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Tang H, Zhu Z, Zheng Z, Wang H, Li C, Wang L, Zhao G, Wang P. A study of hydrophobins-modified menaquinone-7 on osteoblastic cells differentiation. Mol Cell Biochem 2021; 476:1939-1948. [PMID: 33502649 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-021-04062-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2020] [Accepted: 01/11/2021] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Menaquinone-7 is involved in bone metabolism and can be used to prevent and treat osteoporosis. However, as a fat-soluble vitamin, menaquinone-7 has poor water solubility. As a surfactant, hydrophobins can change the affinity/hydrophobicity of the covered interface. In this study, menaquinone-7 was modified by hydrophobins, and the different addition ratios were explored. Moreover, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and water contact angle (WCA) measurements indicated that hydrophobins effectively bind to menaquinone-7 and greatly increase the hydrophilicity of the surface of menaquinone-7. Studies on the metabolism of MC3T3-E1 cells showed that compared with native menaquinone-7, HGFI-modified menaquinone-7 can significantly promote osteoblast differentiation but inhibit osteoclast differentiation. Besides, the Mito-Tracker Green experiments show that HGFI-modified menaquinone-7 can significantly promote the activity of mitochondria in cells. These findings indicate that hydrophobins can be used as an effective biomaterial to modify menaquinone-7, promote the formation of osteoblasts, and better to bone balance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hengfang Tang
- Key Laboratory of High Magnetic Field and Ion Beam Physical Biology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, 230031, People's Republic of China.,Science Island Branch of Graduate, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhu Zhu
- Key Laboratory of High Magnetic Field and Ion Beam Physical Biology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, 230031, People's Republic of China.,Science Island Branch of Graduate, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhiming Zheng
- Key Laboratory of High Magnetic Field and Ion Beam Physical Biology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, 230031, People's Republic of China. .,Hefei Institute of Technology Innovation Engineering, CAS, Hefei, People's Republic of China.
| | - Han Wang
- Key Laboratory of High Magnetic Field and Ion Beam Physical Biology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, 230031, People's Republic of China
| | - Chu Li
- Key Laboratory of High Magnetic Field and Ion Beam Physical Biology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, 230031, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Wang
- Key Laboratory of High Magnetic Field and Ion Beam Physical Biology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, 230031, People's Republic of China
| | - Genhai Zhao
- Key Laboratory of High Magnetic Field and Ion Beam Physical Biology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, 230031, People's Republic of China
| | - Peng Wang
- Key Laboratory of High Magnetic Field and Ion Beam Physical Biology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, 230031, People's Republic of China. .,Hefei Institute of Technology Innovation Engineering, CAS, Hefei, People's Republic of China.
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8
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IL17RC affects the predisposition to thoracic ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament. J Orthop Surg Res 2019; 14:210. [PMID: 31291973 PMCID: PMC6621948 DOI: 10.1186/s13018-019-1253-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2018] [Accepted: 07/02/2019] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Thoracic ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament (T-OPLL) can cause thoracic spinal stenosis, which results in intractable myelopathy and radiculopathy. The etiology of T-OPLL is unknown and the condition is difficult to treat surgically. Whole-genome sequencing identified a genetic variant at rs199772854 of the interleukin 17 receptor C (IL17RC) gene as a potentially pathogenic locus associated with T-OPLL. We aimed to determine whether the rs199772854A site mutation causes abnormal expression of the IL17RC in Han Chinese patients with T-OPLL and predict the possible pathogenic mechanisms of T-OPLL. Analyses were performed to determine whether IL17RC is involved in the pathogenicity of T-OPLL. Methods Peripheral blood and OPLL tissue were collected from a total of 72 patients with T-OPLL disease (36 patients carrying the rs199772854A site mutation in IL17RC and 36 wild-type patients). The expression of IL17RC was analyzed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction, immunohistochemistry, and Western blotting. Results rs199772854A mutation resulted in markedly increased IL17RC gene expression levels in peripheral blood samples and the OPLL tissue obtained following clinical surgery (P < 0.05). Conclusions The results suggest that the rs199772854A site mutation of IL17RC can significantly increase the expression of IL17RC. The IL17RC gene rs199772854A site polymorphism is a potential pathogenic mutation in T-OPLL disease, which may be associated with the occurrence of T-OPLL.
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9
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A comparatively study of menaquinone-7 isolated from Cheonggukjang with vitamin K 1 and menaquinone-4 on osteoblastic cells differentiation and mineralization. Food Chem Toxicol 2019; 131:110540. [PMID: 31173816 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2019.05.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2019] [Revised: 05/13/2019] [Accepted: 05/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
The effect of menaquinone-7 isolated from cheonggukjang was comparatively investigated with vitamin K1 and menaquinone-4 on cell differentiation and mineralization of the osteoblastic cell line MC3T3-E1. Results indicated that all vitamin K species significantly increased MC3T3-E1 cell proliferation, cellular alkaline phosphatase activity, osteocalcin synthesis, and calcium deposition in a dose-dependent manner. Menaquinone-4 and menaquinone-7 had more potent effects on calcium deposition than vitamin K1, and their effects were only partly reduced by warfarin (γ-carboxylation inhibitor) treatment, while warfarin abolished the induction activity of vitamin K1 on calcification. This suggests that vitamin K1 and K2 (menaquinone-4 & menaquinone-7) may have different mechanisms in stimulating osteoblast mineralization. In addition, the mRNA expression ratio of osteoprotegerin and the receptor activator of nuclear factor-kB ligand was also dramatically increased by treatment with vitamin K1 (62%), menaquinone-4 (247%), and menaquinone-7 (329%), suggesting that vitamin K may suppress the formation of osteoclast by up-regulating the ratio of osteoprotegerin/receptor activator of nuclear factor-kB ligand in osteoblasts. These results provide compelling evidence that vitamin K1, menaquinone-4, and menaquinone-7 all can promote bone health, which might be associated with elevations in the osteoprotegerin/receptor activator of nuclear factor-kB ligand ratio.
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Garcia-Montoya L, Gul H, Emery P. Recent advances in ankylosing spondylitis: understanding the disease and management. F1000Res 2018; 7. [PMID: 30345001 PMCID: PMC6173104 DOI: 10.12688/f1000research.14956.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The term spondyloarthritis refers to a group of immune-mediated diseases characterised by inflammation of the axial skeleton, peripheral joints, and entheses. Ankylosing spondylitis (AS) is the most common and characteristic of these entities and even though it was first described over two centuries ago, the understanding of the underlying disease mechanism remains incomplete. It is known that around 40% of patients with AS have subclinical bowel inflammation, suggesting that the origin of the disease could be in the gut. Also, more genes and new molecules have demonstrated a role in the pathogenesis of AS. In this review, we analyse the latest therapies for spondyloarthritis and the most relevant discoveries over the last three years, together with their implications for different aspects of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leticia Garcia-Montoya
- Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds, Chapel Allerton Hospital, Chapeltown Road, Leeds, LS7 4SA, UK.,NIHR Leeds Musculoskeletal Biomedical Research Centre, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Leeds, UK
| | - Hanna Gul
- Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds, Chapel Allerton Hospital, Chapeltown Road, Leeds, LS7 4SA, UK.,NIHR Leeds Musculoskeletal Biomedical Research Centre, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Leeds, UK
| | - Paul Emery
- Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds, Chapel Allerton Hospital, Chapeltown Road, Leeds, LS7 4SA, UK.,NIHR Leeds Musculoskeletal Biomedical Research Centre, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Leeds, UK
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Matsuike R, Tanaka H, Nakai K, Kanda M, Nagasaki M, Murakami F, Shibata C, Mayahara K, Nakajima A, Tanabe N, Kawato T, Maeno M, Shimizu N. Continuous application of compressive force induces fusion of osteoclast-like RAW264.7 cells via upregulation of RANK and downregulation of LGR4. Life Sci 2018; 201:30-36. [PMID: 29572179 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2018.03.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2017] [Revised: 03/12/2018] [Accepted: 03/19/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
AIMS During orthodontic treatment, facilitating osteoclastic bone resorption in the alveolar bone exposed to the compressive force (CF) is an important factor for tooth movement. The present study investigated the effect of CF stimulation on the differentiation of RAW264.7 cells from precursors to mature osteoclasts. MAIN METHODS The cells were continuously stimulated with 0.3, 0.6, or 1.1 g/cm2 CF-which was generated by increasing the volume of culture medium in the wells of a 96-well plate-in the presence or absence of receptor activator of nuclear factor κB (RANK) ligand (RANKL) for 4 days. KEY FINDINGS In the presence of RANKL, the number of tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP)-positive multinucleated cells and the mRNA levels of dendritic cell-specific transmembrane protein (DC-STAMP) and osteoclast-stimulatory transmembrane protein (OC-STAMP) were increased by application of 0.6 and 1.1 g/cm2 CF as compared to 0.3 g/cm2 CF. The mRNA level of RANK was upregulated whereas that of leucine-rich repeat-containing G-protein-coupled receptor (LGR)4-another RANKL receptor was downregulated by 0.6 and 1.1 g/cm2 CF as compared to 0.3 g/cm2 CF in the absence of RANKL. The proportion of cells with nuclear translocation of the nuclear translocation of nuclear factor of activated T cells (NFAT)c1 was increased by 0.6 and 1.1 g/cm2 CF in the presence of RANKL. SIGNIFICANCE Continuous application of CF induced the differentiation of RAW264.7 cells into TRAP-positive multinuclear cells by enhancing the expression of DC- and OC-STAMP and the nuclear translocation of NFATc1. This may result from the CF-induced increase in RANK and decrease in LGR4 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rieko Matsuike
- Nihon University Graduate School of Dentistry, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hideki Tanaka
- Department of Oral Health Sciences, Nihon University School of Dentistry, Tokyo, Japan; Division of Functional Morphology, Dental Research Center, Nihon University School of Dentistry, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kumiko Nakai
- Department of Oral Health Sciences, Nihon University School of Dentistry, Tokyo, Japan; Division of Functional Morphology, Dental Research Center, Nihon University School of Dentistry, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mai Kanda
- Nihon University Graduate School of Dentistry, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Maki Nagasaki
- Nihon University Graduate School of Dentistry, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - Chika Shibata
- Nihon University Graduate School of Dentistry, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kotoe Mayahara
- Department of Orthodontics, Nihon University School of Dentistry, Tokyo, Japan; Division of Clinical Research, Dental Research Center, Nihon University School of Dentistry, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Akira Nakajima
- Department of Orthodontics, Nihon University School of Dentistry, Tokyo, Japan; Division of Clinical Research, Dental Research Center, Nihon University School of Dentistry, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Natsuko Tanabe
- Division of Functional Morphology, Dental Research Center, Nihon University School of Dentistry, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Biochemistry, Nihon University School of Dentistry, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takayuki Kawato
- Department of Oral Health Sciences, Nihon University School of Dentistry, Tokyo, Japan; Division of Functional Morphology, Dental Research Center, Nihon University School of Dentistry, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Masao Maeno
- Department of Oral Health Sciences, Nihon University School of Dentistry, Tokyo, Japan; Division of Functional Morphology, Dental Research Center, Nihon University School of Dentistry, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Noriyoshi Shimizu
- Department of Orthodontics, Nihon University School of Dentistry, Tokyo, Japan; Division of Clinical Research, Dental Research Center, Nihon University School of Dentistry, Tokyo, Japan
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12
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Liao C, Cheng T, Wang S, Zhang C, Jin L, Yang Y. Shear stress inhibits IL-17A-mediated induction of osteoclastogenesis via osteocyte pathways. Bone 2017; 101:10-20. [PMID: 28414140 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2017.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2016] [Revised: 04/13/2017] [Accepted: 04/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Interleukin (IL)-17 is crucial to osteoclast differentiation and activation. Osteocytes support osteoclast formation and are thought to orchestrate bone remodeling in response to fluid flow. The contribution of IL-17 to osteocyte-related bone resorption remains unclear. Here, we used the osteocyte-like MLO-Y4 cell line to examine the role of IL-17 and fluid flow in osteoclastogenesis. It was the first time to demonstrate that IL-17A promoted MLO-Y4 cell proliferation, enhanced expression of receptor activator of nuclear factor κ-B ligand (RANKL) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and induced osteoclastogenesis when MLO-Y4 cells were co-cultured with bone marrow-derived macrophage (BMM) cells. Additionally, shear stress upregulated osteoprotegerin expression in osteocytes, downregulated the effect of IL-17A on RANKL and TNF-α expression, and attenuated IL-17A-activated osteoclastic differentiation in the co-culture system of MLO-Y4 and BMM cells. Furthermore, we explored the signaling pathways that potentially mediate these effects in osteocytes, and found that the extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK)1/2 and signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT3) pathways were suppressed by IL-17A but induced by fluid flow. EphA2 signaling enhances osteoclastogenesis in osteocytes, and the intercellular reversed EphA2-ephrinA2 signaling from osteocytes to BMM play an important role in IL-17A-dependent osteoclastic differentiation. EphB4 signaling inhibits osteoclastogenesis in osteocytes, and the intercellular reversed EphB4-ephrinB2 signaling from osteocytes to BMM could inhibit IL-17A-dependent osteoclastic differentiation. The current findings suggest that IL-17A as a promoter of bone resorption and fluid shear stress critically regulate bone remodeling via osteocyte-specific signaling pathways. IL-17 modulation-based approaches may be developed as a novel therapeutic strategy for enhancing bone remodeling efficiency and stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chongshan Liao
- Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Sai Ying Pun, Hong Kong, China
| | - Tianfan Cheng
- Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Sai Ying Pun, Hong Kong, China
| | - Shuai Wang
- Endodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Sai Ying Pun, Hong Kong, China
| | - Chengfei Zhang
- Endodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Sai Ying Pun, Hong Kong, China
| | - Lijian Jin
- Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Sai Ying Pun, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yanqi Yang
- Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Sai Ying Pun, Hong Kong, China.
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Sano R, Nakajima A, Kawato T, Maeno M, Shimizu N. Effect of Compressive Force on TGF-β1/2 Signaling Pathway in MC3T3-E1 Cells. J HARD TISSUE BIOL 2017. [DOI: 10.2485/jhtb.26.177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Remi Sano
- Nihon University Graduate School of Dentistry
- Department of Orthodontics, Nihon University School of Dentistry
| | - Akira Nakajima
- Department of Orthodontics, Nihon University School of Dentistry
- Division of Clinical Research, Dental Research Center, Nihon University School of Dentistry
| | - Takayuki Kawato
- Department of Oral Health Sciences, Nihon University School of Dentistry
- Division of Functional Morphology, Dental Research Center, Nihon University School of Dentistry
| | - Masao Maeno
- Department of Oral Health Sciences, Nihon University School of Dentistry
- Division of Functional Morphology, Dental Research Center, Nihon University School of Dentistry
| | - Noriyoshi Shimizu
- Department of Orthodontics, Nihon University School of Dentistry
- Division of Clinical Research, Dental Research Center, Nihon University School of Dentistry
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Ikeda M, Yoshimura Y, Kikuiri T, Matsuno M, Hasegawa T, Fukushima K, Hayakawa T, Minamikawa H, Suzuki K, Iida J. Release from optimal compressive force suppresses osteoclast differentiation. Mol Med Rep 2016; 14:4699-4705. [DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2016.5801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2015] [Accepted: 09/08/2016] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
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Otero L, García DA, Wilches-Buitrago L. Expression and Presence of OPG and RANKL mRNA and Protein in Human Periodontal Ligament with Orthodontic Force. GENE REGULATION AND SYSTEMS BIOLOGY 2016; 10:15-20. [PMID: 26823650 PMCID: PMC4727488 DOI: 10.4137/grsb.s35368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2015] [Revised: 11/08/2015] [Accepted: 11/08/2015] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The objective of this study is to investigate the expression and concentration of ligand receptor activator of NFkB (RANKL) and osteoprotegerin (OPG) in human periodontal ligament (hPDL) with orthodontic forces of different magnitudes. METHODS Right premolars in 32 patients were loaded with 4oz or 7oz of orthodontic force for 7 days. Left first premolars were not loaded. After 7 days, premolars were extracted for treatment as indicated. OPG and RANKL mRNA expressions were measured by quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR), and ELISA was used to assess OPG and RANKL protein concentration in compression and tension sides of PDL. Data were subjected to analysis of variance and Tukey tests. RESULTS There was statistically significant difference in RANKL concentration on comparing control teeth with tension and compression sides of the experimental teeth (P < 0.0001). The expression of mRNA RANKL was increased in the tension and compression sides with 4oz (P < 0.0001). OPG did not show statistically significant association with any group. Changes in RANKL/OPG protein ratio in experimental and control groups showed statistically significant difference (P < 0.0001). CONCLUSIONS RANKL protein levels are elevated in hPDL loaded with orthodontic forces, suggesting that RANKL protein contributes to bone modeling in response to the initial placement of orthodontic force.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liliana Otero
- Director, Dental Center Research, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá, Colombia.; Professor, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá, Colombia
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Interleukin-17 is involved in orthodontically induced inflammatory root resorption in dental pulp cells. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 2015; 148:302-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ajodo.2015.03.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2014] [Revised: 03/01/2015] [Accepted: 03/01/2015] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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Shibata M, Shintaku Y, Matsuzaki K, Uematsu S. The effect of IL-17 on the production of proinflammatory cytokines and matrix metalloproteinase-1 by human periodontal ligament fibroblasts. Orthod Craniofac Res 2015; 17:60-8. [PMID: 25125133 DOI: 10.1111/ocr.12033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/16/2013] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To investigate the effects of IL-17 on IL-6, IL-1β, and matrix metalloproteinase (MMP-1) production, and to compare the MMP-1 production between the individual and combined effects of IL-1β and IL-6 in human periodontal ligament fibroblasts (HPDLF). MATERIALS AND METHODS Human periodontal ligament fibroblasts were cultured with IL-17 for 0.5, 1, 4, 24, 48, and 72 h, and were cultured with IL-1β, IL-6/sIL-6R, or a combination of IL-1β and IL-6/sIL-6R for 24 h. To measure the mRNA levels of IL-6, IL-1β, and MMP-1, total RNA was extracted from the cultured HPDLF, and a real-time PCR analysis was performed. The protein levels of IL-6, IL-1β, and MMP-1 in supernatants were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs). RESULTS IL-17 significantly increased the expression of IL-6 and MMP-1 mRNA and protein, while IL-17 transiently increased the expression of IL-1β mRNA. The combination of IL-1β and IL-6/sIL-6R induced significantly higher levels of MMP-1 protein than IL-1β alone. CONCLUSIONS IL-17 upregulated the production of IL-6 and MMP-1 sequentially in HPDLF. IL-6/sIL-6R may enhance the effects of IL-1β on MMP-1 production. The present results suggest that IL-17 induces MMP-1 production not only directly, but also indirectly by promoting IL-6 production, thus resulting in the degradation of collagens in the PDL.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Shibata
- Department of Orthodontics, Osaka University Dental Hospital, Suita, Japan
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18
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Karasawa Y, Tanaka H, Nakai K, Tanabe N, Kawato T, Maeno M, Shimizu N. Tension Force Downregulates Matrix Metalloproteinase Expression and Upregulates the Expression of Their Inhibitors through MAPK Signaling Pathways in MC3T3-E1 cells. Int J Med Sci 2015; 12:905-13. [PMID: 26640410 PMCID: PMC4643081 DOI: 10.7150/ijms.13263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2015] [Accepted: 09/20/2015] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), produced by osteoblasts, catalyze the turnover of extracellular matrix (ECM) molecules in osteoid, and the regulation of MMP activity depends on interactions between MMPs and tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases (TIMPs). We focused on the degradation process of ECM in osteoid that was exposed to mechanical strain, and conducted an in vitro study using MC3T3-E1 osteoblastic cells to examine the effects of tension force (TF) on the expression of MMPs and TIMPs, and activation of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathways. DESIGN Cells were incubated on flexible-bottomed culture plates and stimulated with or without cyclic TF for 24 hours. The expression of MMPs and TIMPs was examined at mRNA and protein levels by real-time RT-PCR and Western blotting, respectively. The phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) 1/2, p38 MAPK, and stress-activated protein kinases/c-jun N-terminal kinases (SAPK/JNK) were examined by Western blotting. RESULTS TF decreased the expression of MMP-1, -3, -13 and phosphorylated ERK1/2. In contrast, TF increased the expression of TIMP-2, -3 and phosphorylated SAPK/JNK. The expression of MMP-2, -14, TIMP-1, -4 and phosphorylated p38 MAPK was unaffected by TF. MMP-1, -3 and -13 expression decreased in cells treated with the ERK inhibitor PD98059 compared with untreated control cells. The JNK inhibitor SP600125 inhibited the TF-induced upregulation of TIMP-2 and -3. CONCLUSIONS The results suggest that TF suppresses the degradation process that occurs during ECM turnover in osteoid via decreased production of MMP-1, -3 and -13, and increased production of TIMP-2 and -3 through the MAPK signaling pathways in osteoblasts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoko Karasawa
- 1. Nihon University Graduate School of Dentistry, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hideki Tanaka
- 2. Department of Oral Health Sciences, Nihon University School of Dentistry, Tokyo, Japan ; 3. Division of Functional Morphology, Dental Research Center, Nihon University School of Dentistry, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kumiko Nakai
- 2. Department of Oral Health Sciences, Nihon University School of Dentistry, Tokyo, Japan ; 3. Division of Functional Morphology, Dental Research Center, Nihon University School of Dentistry, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Natsuko Tanabe
- 3. Division of Functional Morphology, Dental Research Center, Nihon University School of Dentistry, Tokyo, Japan ; 4. Department of Biochemistry, Nihon University School of Dentistry, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takayuki Kawato
- 2. Department of Oral Health Sciences, Nihon University School of Dentistry, Tokyo, Japan ; 3. Division of Functional Morphology, Dental Research Center, Nihon University School of Dentistry, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masao Maeno
- 2. Department of Oral Health Sciences, Nihon University School of Dentistry, Tokyo, Japan ; 3. Division of Functional Morphology, Dental Research Center, Nihon University School of Dentistry, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Noriyoshi Shimizu
- 5. Department of Orthodontics, Nihon University School of Dentistry, Tokyo, Japan ; 6. Division of Clinical Research, Dental Research Center, Nihon University School of Dentistry, Tokyo, Japan
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19
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Wang Y, Meng F, Sachs F. Genetically encoded force sensors for measuring mechanical forces in proteins. Commun Integr Biol 2014. [DOI: 10.4161/cib.15505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
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20
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Accelerated orthodontic tooth movement: Molecular mechanisms. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 2014; 146:620-32. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ajodo.2014.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 114] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2014] [Revised: 07/01/2014] [Accepted: 07/01/2014] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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21
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Lin D, Li L, Sun Y, Wang W, Wang X, Ye Y, Chen X, Xu Y. IL-17 regulates the expressions of RANKL and OPG in human periodontal ligament cells via TRAF6/TBK1-JNK/NF-κB pathways. Immunology 2014; 144:472-485. [PMID: 25263088 PMCID: PMC4557684 DOI: 10.1111/imm.12395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2014] [Revised: 08/28/2014] [Accepted: 09/22/2014] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Interleukin-17 (IL-17 or IL-17A), a pleiotropic cytokine produced by T helper (Th) 17 cells, is involved in the pathogenesis of various autoimmune and inflammatory disorders, including periodontitis. Although the ability of pro-inflammation in periodontitis have been widely investigated, the other biological functions of IL-17, including its role in bone remodeling and the underlying molecular mechanism, have not been well clarified. In the present study, IL-17 could significantly enhance the expression of receptor activator for nuclear factor-κB ligand (RANKL) and inhibit the expression of osteoprotegerin (OPG) in human periodontal ligament cells (hPDLCs), the two critical indicators for osteoclastogenesis, suggesting IL-17 may play a destructive role in the pathogenesis of periodontal bone remodeling. Pharmaceutical signal inhibitors targeted at MAPKs, Akt or NF-κB signals, inhibited IL-17-induced RANKL and OPG regulation. Notably, the enhancement of RANKL was significantly blocked by the inhibitors of JNK and NF-κB signals. The upstream signals were further investigated with the small interfering RNA (siRNA). Both TRAF6 and TBK1 were found to be the critically signal molecules for IL-17-dependent RANKL regulation in hPDLCs. These findings may provide comprehensive understanding of the role of IL-17 in the pathogenesis of periodontitis and might also provide a reasonable way for periodontitis therapy. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danping Lin
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical UniversityJiangsu, China
| | - Lu Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical UniversityJiangsu, China
- Department of Periodontics, Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, Nanjing Medical NanjingJiangsu, China
| | - Ying Sun
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical UniversityJiangsu, China
- Department of Periodontics, Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, Nanjing Medical NanjingJiangsu, China
| | - Weidong Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical UniversityJiangsu, China
| | - Xiaoqian Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical UniversityJiangsu, China
| | - Yu Ye
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical UniversityJiangsu, China
| | - Xu Chen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical UniversityJiangsu, China
| | - Yan Xu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical UniversityJiangsu, China
- Department of Periodontics, Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, Nanjing Medical NanjingJiangsu, China
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You QH, Zhang D, Niu CC, Zhu ZM, Wang N, Yue Y, Sun GY. Expression of IL-17A and IL-17F in lipopolysaccharide-induced acute lung injury and the counteraction of anisodamine or methylprednisolone. Cytokine 2014; 66:78-86. [PMID: 24548428 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2013.12.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2013] [Revised: 10/29/2013] [Accepted: 12/30/2013] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Th17 cytokines IL-17A and IL-17F as pro-inflammatory cytokines played an important role in triggering inflammatory responses. However, little was known about the expression of IL-17A and IL-17F in acute lung injury (ALI). Therefore, the present study investigated the expression of IL-17A and IL-17F in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced ALI in rats and rat pulmonary microvascular endothelial cells (PMVEC) by enzyme-linked immunosorbant assay or reverse transcription-polymerase chains reaction. Anisodamine and methylprednisolone were also investigated as anti-inflammatory strategy in the process of LPS-induced ALI. Lung injury was evaluated by histological changes, right lung wet weight:body weight (LW/BW) ratios, and protein education and total leukocyte count of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF). Our findings showed that LPS exposure elevated the levels of leukocyte number, protein education in BALF and the ratios of LW/BW, increased the expression of IL-17A and IL-17F in the lung tissues homogenate, BALF and serum of ALI rats. Up-regulation of IL-17F expression was also observed after LPS challenge in rat PMVEC. Treatment with anisodamine or methylprednisolone significantly inhibited the increases of parameters of ALI induced by LPS, and markedly reduced the expression of IL-17A and IL-17F in rats and the IL-17F expression in PMVEC. These data suggested that IL-17A and IL-17F maybe play an important role in LPS-induced ALI via autocrine and paracrine mechanisms, and anisodamine is similar in extent to methylprednisolone that contributes to relieve LPS-induced ALI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing-hai You
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, 218 Jixi Road, Hefei, Anhui 230022, People's Republic of China
| | - Dan Zhang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, 218 Jixi Road, Hefei, Anhui 230022, People's Republic of China; Department of Emergency, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, 218 Jixi Road, Hefei, Anhui 230022, People's Republic of China
| | - Cheng-cheng Niu
- Department of Nurse, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, 218 Jixi Road, Hefei, Anhui 230022, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhong-ming Zhu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, 218 Jixi Road, Hefei, Anhui 230022, People's Republic of China
| | - Nan Wang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, 218 Jixi Road, Hefei, Anhui 230022, People's Republic of China; Department of Emergency, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, 218 Jixi Road, Hefei, Anhui 230022, People's Republic of China
| | - Yang Yue
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, 218 Jixi Road, Hefei, Anhui 230022, People's Republic of China
| | - Geng-yun Sun
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, 218 Jixi Road, Hefei, Anhui 230022, People's Republic of China.
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Min W, Kim WH, Lillehoj EP, Lillehoj HS. Recent progress in host immunity to avian coccidiosis: IL-17 family cytokines as sentinels of the intestinal mucosa. DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY 2013; 41:418-428. [PMID: 23583525 DOI: 10.1016/j.dci.2013.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2013] [Revised: 04/04/2013] [Accepted: 04/04/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
The molecular and cellular mechanisms leading to immune protection against coccidiosis are complex and include multiple aspects of innate and adaptive immunities. Innate immunity is mediated by various subpopulations of immune cells that recognize pathogen associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) through their pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) leading to the secretion of soluble factors with diverse functions. Adaptive immunity, which is important in conferring protection against subsequent reinfections, involves subtypes of T and B lymphocytes that mediate antigen-specific immune responses. Recently, global gene expression microarray analysis has been used in an attempt to dissect this complex network of immune cells and molecules during avian coccidiosis. These new studies emphasized the uniqueness of the innate immune response to Eimeria infection, and directly led to the discovery of previously uncharacterized host genes and proteins whose expression levels were modulated following parasite infection. Among these is the IL-17 family of cytokines. This review highlights recent progress in IL-17 research in the context of host immunity to avian coccidiosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wongi Min
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Research Institute of Life Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Korea
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24
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IL-17A and Th17 cells in lung inflammation: an update on the role of Th17 cell differentiation and IL-17R signaling in host defense against infection. Clin Dev Immunol 2013; 2013:267971. [PMID: 23956759 PMCID: PMC3730142 DOI: 10.1155/2013/267971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2013] [Accepted: 06/27/2013] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The significance of Th17 cells and interleukin- (IL-)17A signaling in host defense and disease development has been demonstrated in various infection and autoimmune models. Numerous studies have indicated that Th17 cells and its signature cytokine IL-17A are critical to the airway's immune response against various bacteria and fungal infection. Cytokines such as IL-23, which are involved in Th17 differentiation, play a critical role in controlling Klebsiella pneumonia (K. pneumonia) infection. IL-17A acts on nonimmune cells in infected tissues to strengthen innate immunity by inducing the expression of antimicrobial proteins, cytokines, and chemokines. Mice deficient in IL-17 receptor (IL-17R) expression are susceptible to infection by various pathogens. In this review, we summarize the recent advances in unraveling the mechanism behind Th17 cell differentiation, IL-17A/IL-17R signaling, and also the importance of IL-17A in pulmonary infection.
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Wu X, Guo S, Shen G, Ma X, Tang C, Xie K, Liu J, Guo W, Yan Y, Luo E. Screening of osteoprotegerin-related feature genes in osteoporosis and functional analysis with DNA microarray. Eur J Med Res 2013; 18:15. [PMID: 23731710 PMCID: PMC3735399 DOI: 10.1186/2047-783x-18-15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2012] [Accepted: 05/06/2013] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Osteoporosis affects 200 million people worldwide and places an enormous economic burden on society. We aim to identify the feature genes that are related to osteoprotegerin in osteoporosis and to perform function analysis with DNA microarray from human bone marrow. Methods We downloaded the gene expression profile GSE35957 from Gene Expression Omnibus database including nine gene chips from bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells of five osteoporotic and four non-osteoporotic subjects. The differentially expressed genes between normal and disease samples were identified by LIMMA package in R language. The interactions among the osteoprotegerin gene (OPG) and differentially expressed genes were searched and visualized by Cytoscape. MCODE and Bingo were used to perform module analysis. Finally, GENECODIS was used to obtain enriched pathways of genes in an interaction network. Results A total of 656 genes were identified as differentially expressed genes between osteoporotic and non-osteoporotic samples. IL17RC, COL1A1, and ESR1 were identified to interact with OPG directly from the protein-protein interaction network. A module containing ERS1 was screened out, and this module was most significantly enriched in organ development. Pathway enrichment analysis suggested genes in the interaction network were related to focal adhesion. Conclusions The expression pattern of IL17RC, COL1A1, and ESR1 can be useful in osteoporosis detection, which may help in identifying those populations at high risk for osteoporosis, and in directing treatment of osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoming Wu
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Fourth Military Medical University, No, 17, Changle West Road, Xi'an, Shanxi 710032, China
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Presence of interleukin-17C in the tissue around aseptic loosened implants. INTERNATIONAL ORTHOPAEDICS 2013; 37:953-9. [PMID: 23474800 DOI: 10.1007/s00264-013-1812-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2012] [Accepted: 01/23/2013] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The most common long-term complication of joint arthroplasty is aseptic loosening. The proinflammatory cytokines secreted by macrophages are involved in aseptic loosening. Recently, a novel proinflammatory cytokine IL-17C was reported to participate in inflammatory diseases by synergising with proinflammatory cytokines. However, the relationship between IL-17C and the aseptic loosening is unclear. METHODS The tissues around aseptic loosened implants were collected during revision surgery and handled by formalin fixation and embedded in paraffin. The presence of IL-17C in the tissues around the aseptic loosened implants was investigated in 12 aseptic loosening patients using immunofluorescence. RESULTS The presence of IL-17C protein in the tissues around aseptic loosened implants was detected by immunofluorescence. There are no statistical differences between optical density of IL-17C in aseptic loosening samples and in rheumatoid arthritis samples (positive control). CONCLUSIONS These results suggest the presence of IL-17C in aseptic loosening. Interleukin-17C was related to the inflammation of aseptic loosening, possibly by contributing to the inflammation and osteolysis in the tissues surrounding aseptic loosened implants.
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27
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Orphan receptor IL-17RD tunes IL-17A signalling and is required for neutrophilia. Nat Commun 2013; 3:1119. [PMID: 23047677 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms2127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2012] [Accepted: 09/07/2012] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Interleukin-17A, the prototypical member of the interleukin-17 cytokine family, coordinates local tissue inflammation by recruiting neutrophils to sites of infection. Dysregulation of interleukin-17 signalling has been linked to the pathogenesis of inflammatory diseases and autoimmunity. The interleukin-17 receptor family members (A-E) have a broad range of functional effects in immune signalling yet no known role has been described for the remaining orphan receptor, interleukin-17 receptor D, in regulating interleukin-17A-induced signalling pathways. Here we demonstrate that interleukin-17 receptor D can differentially regulate the various pathways employed by interleukin-17A. Neutrophil recruitment, in response to in vivo administration of interleukin-17A, is abolished in interleukin-17 receptor D-deficient mice, correlating with reduced interleukin-17A-induced activation of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase and expression of the neutrophil chemokine MIP-2. In contrast, interleukin-17 receptor D deficiency results in enhanced interleukin-17A-induced activation of nuclear factor-kappa B and interleukin-6 and keratinocyte chemoattractant expression. Interleukin-17 receptor D disrupts the interaction of Act1 and TRAF6 causing differential regulation of nuclear factor-kappa B and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase signalling pathways.
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Maeno M, Tanaka H, Zhang F, Kitami S, Nakai K, Kawato T. Direct and Indirect Effects of IL-17A on RANKL-Induced Osteoclastogenesis. J HARD TISSUE BIOL 2013. [DOI: 10.2485/jhtb.22.287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Immunohistochemical Localization of T-helper 17 Cells, IL-17, and RANKL during Root Resorption Induced by Excessive Orthodontic Force in the Mouse Model of T Cell-mediated Autoimmune Disease. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013. [DOI: 10.5466/ijoms.11.249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Yamada K, Yamaguchi M, Asano M, Fujita S, Kobayashi R, Kasai K. Th17-cells in atopic dermatitis stimulate orthodontic root resorption. Oral Dis 2012; 19:683-93. [PMID: 23279451 DOI: 10.1111/odi.12053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2012] [Revised: 10/15/2012] [Accepted: 11/25/2012] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to investigate how atopic dermatitis (AD) contributes to root resorption during orthodontic tooth movement. MATERIALS AND METHODS Atopic dermatitis model mice and wild-type mice were subjected to an excessive orthodontic force (OF) to induce movement of the upper first molars. The expression levels of the tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP), IL-17, IL-6, and RANKL proteins were determined in the periodontal ligament (PDL) by an immunohistochemical analysis. Furthermore, the effects of the compression force on co-cultures of CD4(+) cells from AD patients or healthy individuals and human PDL cells were investigated with regard to the levels of secretion and mRNA expression of IL-17, IL-6, RANKL, and osteoprotegerin. RESULTS The immunoreactivities for TRAP, IL-17, IL-6, and RANKL in the AD group were found to be significantly increased. The double immunofluorescence analysis for IL-17/CD4 detected immunoreaction. The secretion of IL-17, IL-6, and RANKL, and the mRNA levels of IL-6 and RANKL in the AD patients were increased compared with those in healthy individuals. CONCLUSION Th17 cells may therefore be associated with the deterioration of root resorption of AD mice, and may explain why AD patients are more susceptible to root resorption than healthy individuals when an excessive OF is applied.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Yamada
- Department of Orthodontics, Nihon University School of Dentistry at Matsudo, Chiba, Japan
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Kameyama S, Yoshimura Y, Kameyama T, Kikuiri T, Matsuno M, Deyama Y, Suzuki K, Iida J. Short-term mechanical stress inhibits osteoclastogenesis via suppression of DC-STAMP in RAW264.7 cells. Int J Mol Med 2012; 31:292-8. [PMID: 23292096 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2012.1220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2012] [Accepted: 11/16/2012] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Mechanical stress is an important factor in bone homeostasis, which is maintained by a balance between bone resorption by osteoclasts and bone formation by osteoblasts. However, little is known about the effects of mechanical stress on osteoclast differentiation. In this study, we examined the effects of short-term mechanical stress on osteoclastogenesis by applying tensile force to RAW264.7 cells stimulated with receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB ligand (RANKL) using a Flexercell tension system. We counted the number of osteoclasts that were tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP)-positive and multinucleated (two or more nuclei) with or without application of mechanical stress for 24 h. Osteoclast number was lower after mechanical stress compared with no mechanical stress. Furthermore, mechanical stress for up to 24 h caused downregulation of osteoclast-specific gene expression and fusion-related molecule [dendritic cell specific transmembrane protein (DC-STAMP), osteoclast stimulatory transmembrane protein (OC-STAMP), E-cadherin, Integrin αV and Integrin β3] mRNA levels. Protein expression of DC-STAMP decreased with mechanical stress for 24 h compared to the control without mechanical stress, whereas the expression of E-cadherin, Integrin αV and Integrin β3 was slightly decreased. Nuclear factor of activated T cells c1 (NFATc1) mRNA levels were decreased at 6 h and increased at 12 and 24 h compared with the control. The levels of NFATc2, NFATc3 mRNA did not change compared with the control group. By contrast, mechanical stress for 24 h significantly enhanced NFAT transcriptional activity compared with the control, despite a decrease in DC-STAMP mRNA and protein levels. These results suggest that short-term mechanical stress strongly inhibits osteoclastogenesis through the downregulation of DC-STAMP and other fusion-related molecules and that short-term mechanical stress induces a negative regulatory mechanism that cancels the enhancement of NFAT transcriptional activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumika Kameyama
- Department of Orthodontics, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Dental Medicine, Sapporo 060-8586, Japan
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Nanjundaiah SM, Venkatesha SH, Yu H, Tong L, Stains JP, Moudgil KD. Celastrus and its bioactive celastrol protect against bone damage in autoimmune arthritis by modulating osteoimmune cross-talk. J Biol Chem 2012; 287:22216-26. [PMID: 22549786 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m112.356816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic inflammatory disease characterized by bone erosion and cartilage destruction in the joints. Many of the conventional antiarthritic drugs are effective in suppressing inflammation, but they do not offer protection against bone damage. Furthermore, the prolonged use of these drugs is associated with severe adverse reactions. Thus, new therapeutic agents that can control both inflammation and bone damage but with minimal side effects are sought. Celastrus is a Chinese herb that has been used for centuries in folk medicine for the treatment of various inflammatory diseases. However, its utility for protection against inflammation-induced bone damage in arthritis and the mechanisms involved therein have not been examined. We tested celastrus and its bioactive component celastrol for this attribute in the adjuvant-induced arthritis model of RA. The treatment of arthritic rats with celastrus/celastrol suppressed inflammatory arthritis and reduced bone and cartilage damage in the joints as demonstrated by histology and bone histomorphometry. The protective effects against bone damage are mediated primarily via the inhibition of defined mediators of osteoclastic bone remodeling (e.g. receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB ligand (RANKL)), the deviation of RANKL/osteoprotegerin ratio in favor of antiosteoclastic activity, and the reduction in osteoclast numbers. Furthermore, both the upstream inducers (proinflammatory cytokines) and the downstream effectors (MMP-9) of the osteoclastogenic mediators were altered. Thus, celastrus and celastrol controlled inflammation-induced bone damage by modulating the osteoimmune cross-talk. These natural products deserve further consideration and evaluation as adjuncts to conventional therapy for RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siddaraju M Nanjundaiah
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21201, USA
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Hayashi N, Yamaguchi M, Nakajima R, Utsunomiya T, Yamamoto H, Kasai K. T-helper 17 cells mediate the osteo/odontoclastogenesis induced by excessive orthodontic forces. Oral Dis 2012; 18:375-88. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1601-0825.2011.01886.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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Shionome C, Kawato T, Tanabe N, Kariya T, Sanuki R, Koyama Y, Suzuki N, Shimizu N, Maeno M. Compressive Force Induces the Expression of Bone Remodeling-Related Proteins via Interleukin-11 Production in MC3T3-E1 Cells. J HARD TISSUE BIOL 2012. [DOI: 10.2485/jhtb.21.65] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Tanigawa S, Aida Y, Kawato T, Honda K, Nakayama G, Motohashi M, Suzuki N, Ochiai K, Matsumura H, Maeno M. Interleukin-17F affects cartilage matrix turnover by increasing the expression of collagenases and stromelysin-1 and by decreasing the expression of their inhibitors and extracellular matrix components in chondrocytes. Cytokine 2011; 56:376-86. [PMID: 21885294 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2011.08.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2011] [Revised: 07/09/2011] [Accepted: 08/03/2011] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Interleukin (IL)-17, a proinflammatory cytokine, is produced primarily by activated Th17 cells. IL-17 consists of six ligands that signal through five receptors (IL-17Rs); IL-17A and IL-17F share the highest homology in the family. Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) degrade the extracellular matrix during cartilage remodeling whereas tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases (TIMPs) inhibit the action of MMPs. In the present study, we examined the effect of IL-17F on the degradation and synthesis of the extracellular matrix in cartilage using human articular chondrocytes. We examined the effect of IL-17F on the expression of IL-17Rs, MMPs, TIMPs, type II collagen, aggrecan, link protein, and cyclooxygenases (COXs), as well as on prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) production. We also examined the indirect effect of PGE2 on the above IL-17F-induced/reduced components using NS-398, a specific inhibitor of COX-2. Cells were cultured with or without IL-17F in the presence or absence of either an IL-17R antibody or NS-398 for up to 28 days. Expression of IL-17Rs, MMPs, TIMPs, type II collagen, aggrecan, link protein, and COXs at mRNA and protein levels was determined using real-time polymerase chain reaction and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), respectively. PGE2 production was determined by ELISA. The expression of all types of IL-17Rs was detected in chondrocytes. However, IL-17RE expression was extremely low, compared with other IL-17Rs. The expression of MMP-1, MMP-3, MMP-13, and COX-2 as well as PGE2 production were increased by addition of IL-17F, whereas the expression of IL-17RD, TIMP-2, TIMP-4, type II collagen, aggrecan, link protein, and COX-1 was decreased. The expression of IL-17RA, IL-17RB, IL-17RC, MMP-2, MMP-14, TIMP-1, and TIMP-3 was unaffected by addition of IL-17F. The IL-17R antibody blocked the stimulating/reducing effect of IL-17F on the expression of MMP-1, MMP-3, MMP-13, TIMP-2, TIMP-4, type II collagen, aggrecan, and link protein. NS-398 blocked the reducing effect of IL-17F on aggrecan expression, whereas it did not completely block the stimulating/reducing effects of IL-17F on the expression of MMP-1, MMP-3, MMP-13, TIMP-2, TIMP-4, type II collagen, and link protein. Our results suggest that IL-17F stimulates cartilage degradation by increasing the expression of collagenases (MMP-1 and -13) and stromelysin-1 (MMP-3) and by decreasing expression of their inhibitors (TIMP-2 and -4), type II collagen, aggrecan, and link protein in chondrocytes. Furthermore, our results suggest that the expression of aggrecan, link protein, and TIMP-4 decrease through the autocrine action of PGE2 in chondrocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shihoko Tanigawa
- Nihon University Graduate School of Dentistry, 1-8-13, Kanda Surugadai, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 101-8310, Japan
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Wang Y, Meng F, Sachs F. Genetically encoded force sensors for measuring mechanical forces in proteins. Commun Integr Biol 2011; 4:385-90. [PMID: 21966553 DOI: 10.4161/cib.4.4.15505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2011] [Accepted: 03/16/2011] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
THERE ARE THREE SOURCES OF FREE ENERGY FOR CELLS: chemical potential, electrical potential and mechanical potential. There is little known about the last one since there have not been simple ways to measure stress in proteins in cells. we have now developed genetically encoded force sensors to assess the stress in fibrous proteins in living cells. These FReT based fluorescence sensors can be read out at video rates and provide real time maps of the stress distribution in cells, tissues and animals. The sensors can be inserted into specific proteins and in general do not disturb the normal function or anatomy. The original sensors used mutant GFPs linked by elastic linkers. These sensors provide a linear output with applied stress but the response is linear in strain. To improve contrast and dynamic range we have now developed a new class of sensors that are smaller making them less invasive, and have much higher intrinsic sensitivity since force modulates the angle between the donor and acceptor much more than the distance between them. Known as cpstFRET, the probe shows improved biocompatibility, wider dynamic range and higher sensitivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuexiu Wang
- Center for Single Molecule Biophysics; Department of Physiology and Biophysics; University at Buffalo; the State University of New York; NY USA
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Zhang F, Tanaka H, Kawato T, Kitami S, Nakai K, Motohashi M, Suzuki N, Wang CL, Ochiai K, Isokawa K. Interleukin-17A induces cathepsin K and MMP-9 expression in osteoclasts via celecoxib-blocked prostaglandin E2 in osteoblasts. Biochimie 2011; 93:296-305. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2010.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2010] [Accepted: 10/01/2010] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Gilbert HTJ, Hoyland JA, Freemont AJ, Millward-Sadler SJ. The involvement of interleukin-1 and interleukin-4 in the response of human annulus fibrosus cells to cyclic tensile strain: an altered mechanotransduction pathway with degeneration. Arthritis Res Ther 2011; 13:R8. [PMID: 21276216 PMCID: PMC3241352 DOI: 10.1186/ar3229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2010] [Revised: 12/01/2010] [Accepted: 01/28/2011] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Recent evidence suggests that intervertebral disc (IVD) cells derived from degenerative tissue are unable to respond to physiologically relevant mechanical stimuli in the 'normal' anabolic manner, but instead respond by increasing matrix catabolism. Understanding the nature of the biological processes which allow disc cells to sense and respond to mechanical stimuli (a process termed 'mechanotransduction') is important to ascertain whether these signalling pathways differ with disease. The aim here was to investigate the involvement of interleukin (IL)-1 and IL-4 in the response of annulus fibrosus (AF) cells derived from nondegenerative and degenerative tissue to cyclic tensile strain to determine whether cytokine involvement differed with IVD degeneration. Methods AF cells were isolated from nondegenerative and degenerative human IVDs, expanded in monolayers and cyclically strained in the presence or absence of the cytokine inhibitors IL-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1Ra) or IL-4 receptor antibody (IL-4RAb) with 10% strain at 1.0 Hz for 20 minutes using a Flexcell strain device. Total RNA was extracted from the cells at time points of baseline control and 1 or 24 hours poststimulation. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction was used to analyse the gene expression of matrix proteins (aggrecan and type I collagen) and enzymes (matrix metalloproteinase 3 (MMP3) and a disintegrin and metalloproteinase with a thrombospondin type 1 motif 4 (ADAMTS4)). Results Expression of catabolic genes (MMP3 and ADAMTS4) decreased in AF cells derived from nondegenerative tissue in response to 1.0-Hz stimulation, and this decrease in gene expression was inhibited or increased following pretreatment of cells with IL-1Ra or IL-4RAb respectively. Treatment of AF cells derived from degenerative tissue with an identical stimulus (1.0-Hz) resulted in reduced anabolic gene expression (aggrecan and type I collagen), with IL-1Ra or IL-4RAb pretreatment having no effect. Conclusions Both IL-1 and IL-4 are involved in the response of AF cells derived from nondegenerative tissue to 1.0-Hz cyclic tensile strain. Interestingly, the altered response observed at 1.0-Hz in AF cells from degenerative tissue appears to be independent of either cytokine, suggesting an alternative mechanotransduction pathway in operation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamish T J Gilbert
- School of Biomedicine, Faculty of Medical and Human Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester M139PL, UK
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Tanigawa S, Kawato T, Aida Y, Suzuki N, Ochiai K, Matsumura H, Maeno M. Interleukin-17F Down-Regulates the Plasminogen/Plasmin Pathway in Chondrocytes. J HARD TISSUE BIOL 2011. [DOI: 10.2485/jhtb.20.195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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Zhang F, Koyama Y, Sanuki R, Mitsui N, Suzuki N, Kimura A, Nakajima A, Shimizu N, Maeno M. IL-17A stimulates the expression of inflammatory cytokines via celecoxib-blocked prostaglandin in MC3T3-E1 cells. Arch Oral Biol 2010; 55:679-88. [PMID: 20630498 DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2010.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2010] [Revised: 05/28/2010] [Accepted: 06/13/2010] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The prostaglandins (PGs) released from osteoblasts can alter the process of bone remodelling. Recently, we showed that compressive force induced the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokine interleukin (IL)-17s and their receptors in osteoblastic MC3T3-E1 cells and that IL-17A was expressed most highly. Consequently, in the current study we examined the effect of IL-17A and/or celecoxib on PGE(2) production and the expression of cyclooxygenases (COXs) and inflammatory cytokines in MC3T3-E1 cells. We also examined the effects of PGE(2) and cyclohexamide on the expression of inflammatory cytokines. METHODS Cells were cultured with or without IL-17A (0.1, 1.0, or 10 ng/ml) in the presence or absence of 10 microM celecoxib, a specific inhibitor of COX-2, for up to 72 h. Cells were pretreated with or without 10 microg/ml cycloheximide, protein synthesis inhibitor, for 30 min, and then cultured with 10 ng/ml IL-17A for 24 h. Cells were also cultured with or without 1.5 ng/ml PGE(2) for 24 h. PGE(2) production was determined by ELISA. The expression of COX-1, COX-2, IL-1alpha, IL-6, IL-8, IL-11, and TNF-alpha mRNAs and proteins was determined by real-time PCR and ELISA, respectively. RESULTS The expression of COX-2, IL-1alpha, IL-6, IL-8, IL-11, and TNF-alpha, as well as PGE(2) production increased in the presence of IL-17A, whereas COX-1 expression did not change. Celecoxib blocked the stimulatory effect of IL-17A on the expression of COX-2, IL-1alpha, IL-6, IL-8, and IL-11 as well as PGE(2) production, whereas it did not block TNF-alpha expression. Cycloheximide pretreatment suppressed the expression of IL-17-induced inflammatory cytokines. The expression of IL-1alpha, IL-6, IL-8, and IL-11 increased by the addition of PGE(2), whereas TNF-alpha expression was not affected. CONCLUSION These results suggest that IL-17A stimulates the expression of bone resorption-related inflammatory cytokines through an autocrine mechanism involving celecoxib-blocked PGs, mainly PGE(2), in osteoblasts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Zhang
- Department of Orthodontics, Shandong University School of Dentistry, Jinan, Shandong Province, China
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