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Helal SA, El-Sherbeni AA, El-Kadi AOS. 11-Hydroxyeicosatetraenoics induces cellular hypertrophy in an enantioselective manner. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1438567. [PMID: 39188949 PMCID: PMC11345585 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1438567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2024] [Accepted: 07/08/2024] [Indexed: 08/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Background R/S enantiomers of 11-hydroxyeicosatertraenoic acid (11-HETE) are formed from arachidonic acid by enzymatic and non-enzymatic pathways. 11-HETE is predominately formed by the cytochrome P450 1B1 (CYP1B1). The role of CYP1B1 in the development of cardiovascular diseases is well established. Objectives This study aimed to assess the cellular hypertrophic effect of 11-HETE enantiomers in human RL-14 cardiomyocyte cell line and to examine their association with CYP1B1 levels. Methods Human fetal ventricular cardiomyocyte, RL-14 cells, were treated with 20 µM (R) or (S) 11-HETE for 24 h. Thereafter, cellular hypertrophic markers and cell size were then determined using real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and phase-contrast imaging, respectively. The mRNA and protein levels of selected CYPs were determined using RT-PCR and Western blot, respectively. In addition, we examined the effect of (R) and (S) 11-HETE on CYP1B1 catalytic activity using human recombinant CYP1B1 and human liver microsomes. Results Both (R) and (S) 11-HETE induced cellular hypertrophic markers and cell surface area in RL-14 cells. Both enantiomers significantly upregulated CYP1B1, CYP1A1, CYP4F2, and CYP4A11 at the mRNA and protein levels, however, the effect of the S-enantiomer was more pronounced. Furthermore, 11(S)-HETE increased the mRNA and protein levels of CYP2J and CYP4F2, whereas 11(R)-HETE increased only CYP4F2. Only 11(S)-HETE significantly increased the catalytic activity of CYP1B1 in recombinant human CYP1B1, suggesting allosteric activation in an enantioselective manner. Conclusion Our study provides the first evidence that 11-HETE can induce cellular hypertrophy in RL-14 cells via the increase in CYP1B1 mRNA, protein, and activity levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara A. Helal
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
| | - Ahmed A. El-Sherbeni
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
| | - Ayman O. S. El-Kadi
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
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ElKhatib MAW, Gerges SH, Isse FA, El-Kadi AOS. Cytochrome P450 1B1 is critical in the development of TNF-α, IL-6, and LPS-induced cellular hypertrophy. Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2024; 102:408-421. [PMID: 38701513 DOI: 10.1139/cjpp-2024-0037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2024]
Abstract
Heart failure (HF) is preceded by cellular hypertrophy (CeH) which alters expression of cytochrome P450 enzymes (CYPs) and arachidonic acid (AA) metabolism. Inflammation is involved in CeH pathophysiology, but mechanisms remain elusive. This study investigates the impacts of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and lipopolysaccharides (LPS) on the development of CeH and the role of CYP1B1. AC16 cells were treated with TNF-α, IL-6, and LPS in the presence and absence of CYP1B1-siRNA or resveratrol. mRNA and protein expression levels of CYP1B1 and hypertrophic markers were determined using PCR and Western blot analysis, respectively. CYP1B1 enzyme activity was determined, and AA metabolites were analyzed using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Our results show that TNF-α, IL-6, and LPS induce expression of hypertrophic markers, induce CYP1B1 expression, and enantioselectively modulate CYP1B1-mediated AA metabolism in favor of mid-chain HETEs. CYP1B1-siRNA or resveratrol ameliorated these effects. In conclusion, our results demonstrate the crucial role of CYP1B1 in TNF-α, IL-6, and LPS-induced CeH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed A W ElKhatib
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Samar H Gerges
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Fadumo A Isse
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Ayman O S El-Kadi
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
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Hu Y, Li W, Cheng X, Yang H, She ZG, Cai J, Li H, Zhang XJ. Emerging Roles and Therapeutic Applications of Arachidonic Acid Pathways in Cardiometabolic Diseases. Circ Res 2024; 135:222-260. [PMID: 38900855 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.124.324383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/22/2024]
Abstract
Cardiometabolic disease has become a major health burden worldwide, with sharply increasing prevalence but highly limited therapeutic interventions. Emerging evidence has revealed that arachidonic acid derivatives and pathway factors link metabolic disorders to cardiovascular risks and intimately participate in the progression and severity of cardiometabolic diseases. In this review, we systemically summarized and updated the biological functions of arachidonic acid pathways in cardiometabolic diseases, mainly focusing on heart failure, hypertension, atherosclerosis, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, obesity, and diabetes. We further discussed the cellular and molecular mechanisms of arachidonic acid pathway-mediated regulation of cardiometabolic diseases and highlighted the emerging clinical advances to improve these pathological conditions by targeting arachidonic acid metabolites and pathway factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yufeng Hu
- State Key Laboratory of New Targets Discovery and Drug Development for Major Diseases, Gannan Innovation and Translational Medicine Research Institute, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China (Y.H., X.C., H.Y., Z.-G.S., J.C., H.L., X.-J.Z.)
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease Prevention and Control, Ministry of Education, First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China (Y.H., X.C., H.Y.)
| | - Wei Li
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, China (W.L., Z.-G.S., H.L.)
| | - Xu Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of New Targets Discovery and Drug Development for Major Diseases, Gannan Innovation and Translational Medicine Research Institute, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China (Y.H., X.C., H.Y., Z.-G.S., J.C., H.L., X.-J.Z.)
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease Prevention and Control, Ministry of Education, First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China (Y.H., X.C., H.Y.)
| | - Hailong Yang
- State Key Laboratory of New Targets Discovery and Drug Development for Major Diseases, Gannan Innovation and Translational Medicine Research Institute, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China (Y.H., X.C., H.Y., Z.-G.S., J.C., H.L., X.-J.Z.)
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease Prevention and Control, Ministry of Education, First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China (Y.H., X.C., H.Y.)
| | - Zhi-Gang She
- State Key Laboratory of New Targets Discovery and Drug Development for Major Diseases, Gannan Innovation and Translational Medicine Research Institute, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China (Y.H., X.C., H.Y., Z.-G.S., J.C., H.L., X.-J.Z.)
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, China (W.L., Z.-G.S., H.L.)
| | - Jingjing Cai
- State Key Laboratory of New Targets Discovery and Drug Development for Major Diseases, Gannan Innovation and Translational Medicine Research Institute, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China (Y.H., X.C., H.Y., Z.-G.S., J.C., H.L., X.-J.Z.)
- Department of Cardiology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China (J.C.)
| | - Hongliang Li
- State Key Laboratory of New Targets Discovery and Drug Development for Major Diseases, Gannan Innovation and Translational Medicine Research Institute, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China (Y.H., X.C., H.Y., Z.-G.S., J.C., H.L., X.-J.Z.)
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, China (W.L., Z.-G.S., H.L.)
- Medical Science Research Center, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China (H.L.)
| | - Xiao-Jing Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of New Targets Discovery and Drug Development for Major Diseases, Gannan Innovation and Translational Medicine Research Institute, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China (Y.H., X.C., H.Y., Z.-G.S., J.C., H.L., X.-J.Z.)
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, China (X.-J.Z.)
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4
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El-Ghiaty MA, Alqahtani MA, El-Mahrouk SR, Isse FA, Alammari AH, El-Kadi AOS. Alteration of Hepatic Cytochrome P450 Expression and Arachidonic Acid Metabolism by Arsenic Trioxide (ATO) in C57BL/6 Mice. Biol Trace Elem Res 2024:10.1007/s12011-024-04225-1. [PMID: 38758479 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-024-04225-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2024] [Accepted: 05/05/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024]
Abstract
The success of arsenic trioxide (ATO) in acute promyelocytic leukemia has driven a plethora studies to investigate its efficacy in other malignancies. However, the inherent toxicity of ATO limits the expansion of its clinical applications. Such toxicity may be linked to ATO-induced metabolic derangements of endogenous substrates. Therefore, the primary objective of this study was to investigate the effect of ATO on the hepatic formation of arachidonic acid (AA) metabolites, hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acids (HETEs), as well as their most notable producing machinery, cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzymes. For this purpose, C57BL/6 mice were intraperitoneally injected with 8 mg/kg ATO for 6 and 24 h. Total RNA was extracted from harvested liver tissues for qPCR analysis of target genes. Hepatic microsomal proteins underwent incubation with AA, followed by identification/quantification of the produced HETEs. ATO downregulated Cyp2e1, while induced Cyp2j9 and most of Cyp4a and Cyp4f, and this has resulted in a significant increase in 17(S)-HETE and 18(R)-HETE, while significantly decreased 18(S)-HETE. Additionally, ATO induced Cyp4a10, Cyp4a14, Cyp4f13, Cyp4f16, and Cyp4f18, resulting in a significant elevation in 20-HETE formation. In conclusion, ATO altered hepatic AA metabolites formation through modulating the underlying network of CYP enzymes. Modifying the homeostatic production of bioactive AA metabolites, such as HETEs, may entail toxic events that can, at least partly, explain ATO-induced hepatotoxicity. Such modification can also compromise the overall body tolerability to ATO treatment in cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahmoud A El-Ghiaty
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2142J Katz Group-Rexall Centre for Pharmacy and Health Research, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Mohammed A Alqahtani
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2142J Katz Group-Rexall Centre for Pharmacy and Health Research, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Sara R El-Mahrouk
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2142J Katz Group-Rexall Centre for Pharmacy and Health Research, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Fadumo A Isse
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2142J Katz Group-Rexall Centre for Pharmacy and Health Research, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Ahmad H Alammari
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2142J Katz Group-Rexall Centre for Pharmacy and Health Research, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Ayman O S El-Kadi
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2142J Katz Group-Rexall Centre for Pharmacy and Health Research, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada.
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Zhang Y, Liu Y, Sun J, Zhang W, Guo Z, Ma Q. Arachidonic acid metabolism in health and disease. MedComm (Beijing) 2023; 4:e363. [PMID: 37746665 PMCID: PMC10511835 DOI: 10.1002/mco2.363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2023] [Revised: 08/13/2023] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Arachidonic acid (AA), an n-6 essential fatty acid, is a major component of mammalian cells and can be released by phospholipase A2. Accumulating evidence indicates that AA plays essential biochemical roles, as it is the direct precursor of bioactive lipid metabolites of eicosanoids such as prostaglandins, leukotrienes, and epoxyeicosatrienoic acid obtained from three distinct enzymatic metabolic pathways: the cyclooxygenase pathway, lipoxygenase pathway, and cytochrome P450 pathway. AA metabolism is involved not only in cell differentiation, tissue development, and organ function but also in the progression of diseases, such as hepatic fibrosis, neurodegeneration, obesity, diabetes, and cancers. These eicosanoids are generally considered proinflammatory molecules, as they can trigger oxidative stress and stimulate the immune response. Therefore, interventions in AA metabolic pathways are effective ways to manage inflammatory-related diseases in the clinic. Currently, inhibitors targeting enzymes related to AA metabolic pathways are an important area of drug discovery. Moreover, many advances have also been made in clinical studies of AA metabolic inhibitors in combination with chemotherapy and immunotherapy. Herein, we review the discovery of AA and focus on AA metabolism in relation to health and diseases. Furthermore, inhibitors targeting AA metabolism are summarized, and potential clinical applications are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiran Zhang
- Department of Orthopedic SurgeryOrthopedic Oncology InstituteThe Second Affiliated Hospital of Air Force Medical UniversityXi'anChina
| | - Yingxiang Liu
- Department of Orthopedic SurgeryOrthopedic Oncology InstituteThe Second Affiliated Hospital of Air Force Medical UniversityXi'anChina
| | - Jin Sun
- Department of Orthopedic SurgeryOrthopedic Oncology InstituteThe Second Affiliated Hospital of Air Force Medical UniversityXi'anChina
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of PathologyThe Second Affiliated Hospital of Air Force Medical UniversityXi'anChina
| | - Zheng Guo
- Department of Orthopedic SurgeryOrthopedic Oncology InstituteThe Second Affiliated Hospital of Air Force Medical UniversityXi'anChina
| | - Qiong Ma
- Department of Orthopedic SurgeryOrthopedic Oncology InstituteThe Second Affiliated Hospital of Air Force Medical UniversityXi'anChina
- Department of PathologyThe Second Affiliated Hospital of Air Force Medical UniversityXi'anChina
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6
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Zhang Y, Lu J, Huang S, Zhang Y, Liu J, Xu Y, Yao B, Wang X. CYP2J deficiency leads to cardiac injury and presents dual regulatory effects on cardiac function in rats. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2023; 473:116610. [PMID: 37385478 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2023.116610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Revised: 05/09/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/01/2023]
Abstract
Cytochrome P450 2 J2 (CYP2J2) enzyme is widely expressed in aortic endothelial cells and cardiac myocytes and affects cardiac function, but the underlying mechanism is still unclear. Based on CYP2J knockout (KO) rats, we have directly studied the metabolic regulation of CYP2J on cardiac function during aging. The results showed that CYP2J deficiency significantly reduced the content of epoxyeicosatrienoic acids (EETs) in plasma, aggravated myocarditis, myocardial hypertrophy, as well as fibrosis, and inhibited the mitochondrial energy metabolism signal network Pgc-1α/Ampk/Sirt1. With the increase of age, the levels of 11,12-EET and 14,15-EET in plasma of KO rats decreased significantly, and the heart injury was more serious. Interestingly, we found that after CYP2J deletion, the heart initiated a self-protection mechanism by upregulating cardiac mechanism factors Myh7, Dsp, Tnni3, Tnni2, and Scn5a, as well as mitochondrial fusion factors Mfn2 and Opa1. However, this protective effect disappeared with aging. In conclusion, CYP2J deficiency not only reduces the amount of EETs, but also plays a dual regulatory role in cardiac function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanfang Zhang
- Changning Maternity and Infant Health Hospital and School of Life Sciences, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jian Lu
- Changning Maternity and Infant Health Hospital and School of Life Sciences, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shengbo Huang
- Changning Maternity and Infant Health Hospital and School of Life Sciences, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuanjin Zhang
- Changning Maternity and Infant Health Hospital and School of Life Sciences, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jie Liu
- Changning Maternity and Infant Health Hospital and School of Life Sciences, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuan Xu
- Changning Maternity and Infant Health Hospital and School of Life Sciences, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Bingyi Yao
- Changning Maternity and Infant Health Hospital and School of Life Sciences, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Xin Wang
- Changning Maternity and Infant Health Hospital and School of Life Sciences, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China.
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ElKhatib MAW, Isse FA, El-Kadi AOS. Effect of inflammation on cytochrome P450-mediated arachidonic acid metabolism and the consequences on cardiac hypertrophy. Drug Metab Rev 2022; 55:50-74. [PMID: 36573379 DOI: 10.1080/03602532.2022.2162075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
The incidence of heart failure (HF) is generally preceded by cardiac hypertrophy (CH), which is the enlargement of cardiac myocytes in response to stress. During CH, the metabolism of arachidonic acid (AA), which is present in the cell membrane phospholipids, is modulated. Metabolism of AA gives rise to hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acids (HETEs) and epoxyeicosatrienoic acids (EETs) via cytochrome P450 (CYP) ω-hydroxylases and CYP epoxygenases, respectively. A plethora of studies demonstrated the involvement of CYP-mediated AA metabolites in the pathogenesis of CH. Also, inflammation is known to be a characteristic hallmark of CH. In this review, our aim is to highlight the impact of inflammation on CYP-derived AA metabolites and CH. Inflammation is shown to modulate the expression of various CYP ω-hydroxylases and CYP epoxygenases and their respective metabolites in the heart. In general, HETEs such as 20-HETE and mid-chain HETEs are pro-inflammatory, while EETs are characterized by their anti-inflammatory and cardioprotective properties. Several mechanisms are implicated in inflammation-induced CH, including the modulation of NF-κB and MAPK. This review demonstrated the inflammatory modulation of cardiac CYPs and their metabolites in the context of CH and the anti-inflammatory strategies that can be employed in the treatment of CH and HF.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Fadumo Ahmed Isse
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
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Zhang Y, Gao L, Yao B, Huang S, Zhang Y, Liu J, Liu Z, Wang X. Role of epoxyeicosatrienoic acids in cardiovascular diseases and cardiotoxicity of drugs. Life Sci 2022; 310:121122. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2022.121122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Revised: 10/19/2022] [Accepted: 10/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Mallah MA, Changxing L, Mallah MA, Noreen S, Liu Y, Saeed M, Xi H, Ahmed B, Feng F, Mirjat AA, Wang W, Jabar A, Naveed M, Li JH, Zhang Q. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon and its effects on human health: An overeview. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 296:133948. [PMID: 35151703 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.133948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 151] [Impact Index Per Article: 75.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2021] [Revised: 02/02/2022] [Accepted: 02/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are a class of chemicals of considerable environmental significance. PAHs are chemical contaminants of fused carbon and hydrogen aromatic rings, basically white, light-yellow, or solid compounds without color. Natural sources of pollution are marginal or less significant, such as volcanic eruptions, natural forest fires, and moorland fires that trigger lightning bursts. The significant determinants of PAH pollution are anthropogenic pollution sources, classified into four groups, i.e., industrial, mobile, domestic, and agricultural pollution sources. Humans can consume PAHs via different routes, such as inhalation, dermal touch, and ingestion. The Effect of PAHs on human health is primarily based on the duration and route of exposure, the volume or concentration of PAHs to which one is exposed, and the relative toxicity of PAHs. Many PAHs are widely referred to as carcinogens, mutagens, and teratogens and thus pose a significant danger to human health and the well-being of humans. Skin, lung, pancreas, esophagus, bladder, colon, and female breast are numerous organs prone to tumor development due to long-term PAH exposure. PAH exposure may increase the risk of lung cancer as well as cardiovascular disease (CVD), including atherosclerosis, thrombosis, hypertension, and myocardial infarction (MI). Preclinical studies have found a relationship between PAH exposure, oxidative stress, and atherosclerosis. In addition, investigations have discovered a relationship between PAH exposure at work and CVD illness and mortality development. This review aims to explain PAH briefly, its transportation, its effects on human health, and a relationship between environmental exposures to PAHs and CVD risk in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manthar Ali Mallah
- Department of Toxicology, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Li Changxing
- Department of Human Anatomy, Medical College of Qinghai University, Xining, 81000, China
| | - Mukhtiar Ali Mallah
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Quaid-e-Awam University of Engineering, Science & Technology, Nawabshah, 67480, Sindh, Pakistan
| | - Sobia Noreen
- Faculty of Pharmacy, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, 6300, Pakistan
| | - Yang Liu
- Department of Toxicology, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Muhammad Saeed
- The Cholestane University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | - He Xi
- Department of Toxicology, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Bilal Ahmed
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy. Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China
| | - Feifei Feng
- Department of Toxicology, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Ali Asghar Mirjat
- School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Abdul Jabar
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Sargodha, Sargodha, 40100, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Naveed
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy. Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China
| | - Jian-Hua Li
- Department of Human Anatomy, Medical College of Qinghai University, Xining, 81000, China.
| | - Qiao Zhang
- Department of Toxicology, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China.
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Huang A, Yang F, Cheng P, Liao D, Zhou L, Ji X, Peng D, Zhang L, Cheng T, Ma L, Xia X. Honokiol attenuate the arsenic trioxide-induced cardiotoxicity by reducing the myocardial apoptosis. Pharmacol Res Perspect 2022; 10:e00914. [PMID: 35171536 PMCID: PMC8848632 DOI: 10.1002/prp2.914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2021] [Accepted: 12/17/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite advantages of arsenic trioxide (ATO) in oncological practice, its clinical applications have been hampered by severe cardiotoxicity. The general mechanism of ATO-induced cardiotoxicity has been attributed to its damage to mitochondria, resulting in cardiac remodeling. Honokiol (HKL) is a naturally occurring compound derived from Magnolia bark. Previous studies have demonstrated that HKL exerts cardio-protective effects on ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) or chemical-induced cardiotoxicity by counteracting the toxic effects on mitochondria. The present study was conducted to investigate whether HKL pretreatment protects against ATO-induced cardiac oxidative damage and cell death. For the in vitro study, we evaluated the effects of ATO and/or Honokiol on reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and apoptosis induction in primary cultured cardiomyocytes; for the in vivo study, BALB/c mice were administrated with ATO and/or HKL for a period of 4 weeks, myocardial apoptosis, cardiac function, and cardiac remodeling (cardiac hypertrophy and cardiac fibrosis) were assessed at the end of administration. Our results demonstrated Honokiol pretreatment alleviated the ATO-induced boost in ROS concentration and the following apoptosis induction in primary cultured cardiomyocytes. In the mouse model, Honokiol pretreatment ameliorated ATO-induced myocardial apoptosis, cardiac dysfunction, and cardiac remodeling. Collectively, these results indicated that Honokiol provide a protection against ATO-induced cardiotoxicity by reducing mitochondrial damage. In addition, given that Honokiol has shown considerable suppressive effects on leukemia cells, our data also imply that ATO and Honokiol combination may possibly be a superior avenue in leukemia therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- An‐Liang Huang
- Department of PathologyChengdu Fifth People’s HospitalChengduSichuanPeople’s Republic of China
- Department of PathologyThe Fifth Affiliated People's Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese MedicineChengduSichuanPeople’s Republic of China
| | - Fan Yang
- Department of PathologyChengdu Fifth People’s HospitalChengduSichuanPeople’s Republic of China
- Department of PathologyThe Fifth Affiliated People's Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese MedicineChengduSichuanPeople’s Republic of China
| | - Ping Cheng
- State Key Lab of BiotherapyWest China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduSichuanPeople’s Republic of China
| | - Dian‐ying Liao
- Department of PathologyWest China HospitalChengduSichuanPeople’s Republic of China
| | - Li Zhou
- Department of PathologyChengdu Fifth People’s HospitalChengduSichuanPeople’s Republic of China
- Department of PathologyThe Fifth Affiliated People's Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese MedicineChengduSichuanPeople’s Republic of China
| | - Xing‐Li Ji
- Department of PathologyChengdu Fifth People’s HospitalChengduSichuanPeople’s Republic of China
- Department of PathologyThe Fifth Affiliated People's Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese MedicineChengduSichuanPeople’s Republic of China
| | - Dou‐Dou Peng
- Department of PathologyChengdu Fifth People’s HospitalChengduSichuanPeople’s Republic of China
- Department of PathologyThe Fifth Affiliated People's Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese MedicineChengduSichuanPeople’s Republic of China
| | - Li Zhang
- Department of PathologyChengdu Fifth People’s HospitalChengduSichuanPeople’s Republic of China
- Department of PathologyThe Fifth Affiliated People's Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese MedicineChengduSichuanPeople’s Republic of China
| | - Ting‐Ting Cheng
- Department of PathologyChengdu Fifth People’s HospitalChengduSichuanPeople’s Republic of China
- Department of PathologyThe Fifth Affiliated People's Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese MedicineChengduSichuanPeople’s Republic of China
| | - Li Ma
- Department of PathologyChengdu Fifth People’s HospitalChengduSichuanPeople’s Republic of China
- Department of PathologyThe Fifth Affiliated People's Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese MedicineChengduSichuanPeople’s Republic of China
| | - Xian‐Gen Xia
- Department of PathologyChengdu Fifth People’s HospitalChengduSichuanPeople’s Republic of China
- Department of PathologyThe Fifth Affiliated People's Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese MedicineChengduSichuanPeople’s Republic of China
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Verma K, Jain S, Paliwal S, Paliwal S, Sharma S. A clinical perspective of soluble epoxide hydrolase inhibitors in metabolic and related cardiovascular diseases. Curr Mol Pharmacol 2021; 15:763-778. [PMID: 34544352 DOI: 10.2174/1874467214666210920104352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2021] [Revised: 08/03/2021] [Accepted: 08/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Epoxide hydrolase (EH) is a crucial enzyme responsible for catabolism, detoxification, and regulation of signaling molecules in various organisms including human beings. In mammals, EHs are classified according to their DNA sequence, sub-cellular location, and activity into eight major classes: soluble EH (sEH), microsomal EH (mEH), leukotriene A4 hydrolase (LTA4H), cholesterol EH (ChEH), hepoxilin EH, paternally expressed gene 1 (peg1/MEST), EH3 and EH4. The sEH, an α/β-hydrolase fold family enzyme is an emerging pharmacological target in multiple diseases namely, cardiovascular disease, neurodegenerative disease, chronic pain, fibrosis, diabetes, pulmonary diseases, and immunological disease. It exhibits prominent physiological effect that includes anti-inflammatory, anti-migratory and vasodilatory effects. Its efficacy has been documented in several kinds of clinical trials and observational studies. This review specifically highlights the development of soluble epoxide hydrolase inhibitors (sEHIs) in the clinical setting for the management of metabolic syndrome and related disorders such as cardiovascular effects, endothelial dysfunction, arterial disease, hypertension, diabetes, obesity, heart failure, and dyslipidemia. In addition, limitations and future aspects of sEHIs have also been highlighted which will help the investigators to bring the sEHI to the clinics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kanika Verma
- Department of Pharmacy, Banasthali Vidyapith. Banasthali-304022, Rajasthan. India
| | - Smita Jain
- Department of Pharmacy, Banasthali Vidyapith. Banasthali-304022, Rajasthan. India
| | - Swati Paliwal
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Banasthali Vidyapith. Banasthali-304022, Rajasthan. India
| | - Sarvesh Paliwal
- Department of Pharmacy, Banasthali Vidyapith. Banasthali-304022, Rajasthan. India
| | - Swapnil Sharma
- Department of Pharmacy, Banasthali Vidyapith. Banasthali-304022, Rajasthan. India
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12
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Alaeddine LM, Harb F, Hamza M, Dia B, Mogharbil N, Azar NS, Noureldein MH, El Khoury M, Sabra R, Eid AA. Pharmacological regulation of cytochrome P450 metabolites of arachidonic acid attenuates cardiac injury in diabetic rats. Transl Res 2021; 235:85-101. [PMID: 33746109 DOI: 10.1016/j.trsl.2021.03.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2020] [Revised: 02/13/2021] [Accepted: 03/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM) is a well-established complication of type 1 and type 2 diabetes associated with a high rate of morbidity and mortality. DCM is diagnosed at advanced and irreversible stages. Therefore, it is of utmost need to identify novel mechanistic pathways involved at early stages to prevent or reverse the development of DCM. In vivo experiments were performed on type 1 diabetic rats (T1DM). Functional and structural studies of the heart were executed and correlated with mechanistic assessments exploring the role of cytochromes P450 metabolites, the 20-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acids (20-HETEs) and epoxyeicosatrienoic acids (EETs), and their crosstalk with other homeostatic signaling molecules. Our data displays that hyperglycemia results in CYP4A upregulation and CYP2C11 downregulation in the left ventricles (LV) of T1DM rats, paralleled by a differential alteration in their metabolites 20-HETEs (increased) and EETs (decreased). These changes are concomitant with reductions in cardiac outputs, LV hypertrophy, fibrosis, and increased activation of cardiac fetal and hypertrophic genes. Besides, pro-fibrotic cytokine TGF-ß overexpression and NADPH (Nox4) dependent-ROS overproduction are also correlated with the observed cardiac functional and structural modifications. Of interest, these observations are attenuated when T1DM rats are treated with 12-(3-adamantan-1-yl-ureido) dodecanoic acid (AUDA), which blocks EETs metabolism, or N-hydroxy-N'-(4-butyl-2-methylphenol)Formamidine (HET0016), which inhibits 20-HETEs formation. Taken together, our findings confer pioneering evidence about a potential interplay between CYP450-derived metabolites and Nox4/TGF-β axis leading to DCM. Pharmacologic interventions targeting the inhibition of 20-HETEs synthesis or the activation of EETs synthesis may offer novel therapeutic approaches to treat DCM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lynn M Alaeddine
- Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology and Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Medical Center, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon; Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine and Medical Center, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Frederic Harb
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Lebanese University, Fanar, Lebanon
| | - Maysaa Hamza
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine and Medical Center, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Batoul Dia
- Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology and Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Medical Center, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Nahed Mogharbil
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine and Medical Center, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Nadim S Azar
- Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology and Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Medical Center, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon; AUB Diabetes, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Mohamed H Noureldein
- Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology and Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Medical Center, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Mirella El Khoury
- Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology and Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Medical Center, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Ramzi Sabra
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine and Medical Center, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon.
| | - Assaad A Eid
- Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology and Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Medical Center, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon; AUB Diabetes, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon.
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13
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Perrelli A, Retta SF. Polymorphisms in genes related to oxidative stress and inflammation: Emerging links with the pathogenesis and severity of Cerebral Cavernous Malformation disease. Free Radic Biol Med 2021; 172:403-417. [PMID: 34175437 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2021.06.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2021] [Revised: 06/03/2021] [Accepted: 06/22/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Cerebral Cavernous Malformation (CCM) is a cerebrovascular disease of genetic origin affecting 0.5% of the population and characterized by abnormally enlarged and leaky capillaries that predispose to seizures, neurological deficits, and intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH). CCM occurs sporadically or is inherited as dominant condition with incomplete penetrance and highly variable expressivity. Three disease genes have been identified: KRIT1 (CCM1), CCM2 and CCM3. Previous results demonstrated that loss-of-function mutations of CCM genes cause pleiotropic effects, including defective autophagy, altered reactive oxygen species (ROS) homeostasis, and enhanced sensitivity to oxidative stress and inflammatory events, suggesting a novel unifying pathogenetic mechanism, and raising the possibility that CCM disease onset and severity are influenced by the presence of susceptibility and modifier genes. Consistently, genome-wide association studies (GWAS) in large and homogeneous cohorts of patients sharing the familial form of CCM disease and identical mutations in CCM genes have led to the discovery of distinct genetic modifiers of major disease severity phenotypes, such as development of numerous and large CCM lesions, and susceptibility to ICH. This review deals with the identification of genetic modifiers with a significant impact on inter-individual variability in CCM disease onset and severity, including highly polymorphic genes involved in oxidative stress, inflammatory and immune responses, such as cytochrome P450 monooxygenases (CYP), matrix metalloproteinases (MMP), and Toll-like receptors (TLR), pointing to their emerging prognostic value, and opening up new perspectives for risk stratification and personalized medicine strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Perrelli
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Torino, 10043 Orbassano, Torino, Italy; CCM Italia Research Network, National Coordination Center at the Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Torino, 10043 Orbassano, Torino, Italy.
| | - Saverio Francesco Retta
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Torino, 10043 Orbassano, Torino, Italy; CCM Italia Research Network, National Coordination Center at the Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Torino, 10043 Orbassano, Torino, Italy.
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Effects of Epoxyeicosatrienoic Acid-Enhancing Therapy on the Course of Congestive Heart Failure in Angiotensin II-Dependent Rat Hypertension: From mRNA Analysis towards Functional In Vivo Evaluation. Biomedicines 2021; 9:biomedicines9081053. [PMID: 34440257 PMCID: PMC8393645 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9081053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2021] [Revised: 08/16/2021] [Accepted: 08/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
This study evaluates the effects of chronic treatment with EET-A, an orally active epoxyeicosatrienoic acid (EETs) analog, on the course of aorto-caval fistula (ACF)-induced heart failure (HF) in Ren-2 transgenic rats (TGR), a model characterized by hypertension and augmented activity of the renin-angiotensin system (RAS). The results were compared with standard pharmacological blockade of the RAS using angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor (ACEi). The rationale for employing EET-A as a new treatment approach is based on our findings that apart from increased RAS activity, untreated ACF TGR also shows kidney and left ventricle (LV) tissue deficiency of EETs. Untreated ACF TGR began to die 17 days after creating ACF and were all dead by day 84. The treatment with EET-A alone or ACEi alone improved the survival rate: in 156 days after ACF creation, it was 45.5% and 59.4%, respectively. The combined treatment with EET-A and ACEi appeared to improve the final survival to 71%; however, the difference from either single treatment regimen did not reach significance. Nevertheless, our findings support the notion that targeting the cytochrome P-450-dependent epoxygenase pathway of arachidonic acid metabolism should be considered for the treatment of HF.
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15
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Jíchová Š, Gawryś O, Kompanowska-Jezierska E, Sadowski J, Melenovský V, Hošková L, Červenka L, Kala P, Veselka J, Čertíková Chábová V. Kidney Response to Chemotherapy-Induced Heart Failure: mRNA Analysis in Normotensive and Ren-2 Transgenic Hypertensive Rats. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:8475. [PMID: 34445179 PMCID: PMC8395170 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22168475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Revised: 08/02/2021] [Accepted: 08/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to perform kidney messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) analysis in normotensive, Hannover Sprague-Dawley (HanSD) rats and hypertensive, Ren-2 renin transgenic rats (TGR) after doxorubicin-induced heart failure (HF) with specific focus on genes that are implicated in the pathophysiology of HF-associated cardiorenal syndrome. We found that in both strains renin and angiotensin-converting enzyme mRNA expressions were upregulated indicating that the vasoconstrictor axis of the renin-angiotensin system was activated. We found that pre-proendothelin-1, endothelin-converting enzyme type 1 and endothelin type A receptor mRNA expressions were upregulated in HanSD rats, but not in TGR, suggesting the activation of endothelin system in HanSD rats, but not in TGR. We found that mRNA expression of cytochrome P-450 subfamily 2C23 was downregulated in TGR and not in HanSD rats, suggesting the deficiency in the intrarenal cytochrome P450-dependent pathway of arachidonic acid metabolism in TGR. These results should be the basis for future studies evaluating the pathophysiology of cardiorenal syndrome secondary to chemotherapy-induced HF in order to potentially develop new therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Šárka Jíchová
- Center for Experimental Medicine, Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, 14021 Prague, Czech Republic; (Š.J.); (L.Č.); (P.K.)
| | - Olga Gawryś
- Department of Renal and Body Fluid Physiology, Mossakowski Medical Research Institute, Polish Academy of Sciences, PL02-106 Warsaw, Poland; (O.G.); (E.K.-J.); (J.S.)
| | - Elżbieta Kompanowska-Jezierska
- Department of Renal and Body Fluid Physiology, Mossakowski Medical Research Institute, Polish Academy of Sciences, PL02-106 Warsaw, Poland; (O.G.); (E.K.-J.); (J.S.)
| | - Janusz Sadowski
- Department of Renal and Body Fluid Physiology, Mossakowski Medical Research Institute, Polish Academy of Sciences, PL02-106 Warsaw, Poland; (O.G.); (E.K.-J.); (J.S.)
| | - Vojtěch Melenovský
- Department of Cardiology, Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, 14021 Prague, Czech Republic; (V.M.); (L.H.)
| | - Lenka Hošková
- Department of Cardiology, Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, 14021 Prague, Czech Republic; (V.M.); (L.H.)
| | - Luděk Červenka
- Center for Experimental Medicine, Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, 14021 Prague, Czech Republic; (Š.J.); (L.Č.); (P.K.)
- Department of Pathophysiology, 2nd Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, 15006 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Petr Kala
- Center for Experimental Medicine, Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, 14021 Prague, Czech Republic; (Š.J.); (L.Č.); (P.K.)
- Department of Pathophysiology, 2nd Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, 15006 Prague, Czech Republic
- Department of Cardiology, University Hospital Motol and 2nd Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, 15006 Prague, Czech Republic;
| | - Josef Veselka
- Department of Cardiology, University Hospital Motol and 2nd Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, 15006 Prague, Czech Republic;
| | - Věra Čertíková Chábová
- Department of Nephrology, 1st Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, 12108 Prague, Czech Republic
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Metformin Affects Cardiac Arachidonic Acid Metabolism and Cardiac Lipid Metabolite Storage in a Prediabetic Rat Model. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22147680. [PMID: 34299301 PMCID: PMC8305829 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22147680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2021] [Revised: 06/30/2021] [Accepted: 07/12/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Metformin can reduce cardiovascular risk independent of glycemic control. The mechanisms behind its non-glycemic benefits, which include decreased energy intake, lower blood pressure and improved lipid and fatty acid metabolism, are not fully understood. In our study, metformin treatment reduced myocardial accumulation of neutral lipids—triglycerides, cholesteryl esters and the lipotoxic intermediates—diacylglycerols and lysophosphatidylcholines in a prediabetic rat model (p < 0.001). We observed an association between decreased gene expression and SCD-1 activity (p < 0.05). In addition, metformin markedly improved phospholipid fatty acid composition in the myocardium, represented by decreased SFA profiles and increased n3-PUFA profiles. Known for its cardioprotective and anti-inflammatory properties, metformin also had positive effects on arachidonic acid metabolism and CYP-derived arachidonic acid metabolites. We also found an association between increased gene expression of the cardiac isoform CYP2c with increased 14,15-EET (p < 0.05) and markedly reduced 20-HETE (p < 0.001) in the myocardium. Based on these results, we conclude that metformin treatment reduces the lipogenic enzyme SCD-1 and the accumulation of the lipotoxic intermediates diacylglycerols and lysophosphatidylcholine. Increased CYP2c gene expression and beneficial effects on CYP-derived arachidonic acid metabolites in the myocardium can also be involved in cardioprotective effect of metformin.
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Specialized Pro-Resolving Lipid Mediators in Neonatal Cardiovascular Physiology and Diseases. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10060933. [PMID: 34201378 PMCID: PMC8229722 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10060933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2021] [Revised: 06/06/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease remains a leading cause of mortality worldwide. Unresolved inflammation plays a critical role in cardiovascular diseases development. Specialized Pro-Resolving Mediators (SPMs), derived from long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LCPUFAs), enhances the host defense, by resolving the inflammation and tissue repair. In addition, SPMs also have anti-inflammatory properties. These physiological effects depend on the availability of LCPUFAs precursors and cellular metabolic balance. Most of the studies have focused on the impact of SPMs in adult cardiovascular health and diseases. In this review, we discuss LCPUFAs metabolism, SPMs, and their potential effect on cardiovascular health and diseases primarily focusing in neonates. A better understanding of the role of these SPMs in cardiovascular health and diseases in neonates could lead to the development of novel therapeutic approaches in cardiovascular dysfunction.
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Lai J, Chen C. The Role of Epoxyeicosatrienoic Acids in Cardiac Remodeling. Front Physiol 2021; 12:642470. [PMID: 33716791 PMCID: PMC7943617 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.642470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2020] [Accepted: 01/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Epoxyeicosatrienoic acids (EETs) are metabolites of arachidonic acid by cytochrome P450 (CYP) epoxygenases, which include four regioisomers: 5,6-EET, 8,9-EET, 11,12-EET, and 14,15-EET. Each of them possesses beneficial effects against inflammation, fibrosis, and apoptosis, which could combat cardiovascular diseases. Numerous studies have demonstrated that elevation of EETs by overexpression of CYP2J2, inhibition of sEH, or treatment with EET analogs showed protective effects in various cardiovascular diseases, including hypertension, myocardial infarction, and heart failure. As is known to all, cardiac remodeling is the major pathogenesis of cardiovascular diseases. This review will begin with the introduction of EETs and their protective effects in cardiovascular diseases. In the following, the roles of EETs in cardiac remodeling, with a particular emphasis on myocardial hypertrophy, apoptosis, fibrosis, inflammation, and angiogenesis, will be summarized. Finally, it is suggested that upregulation of EETs is a potential therapeutic strategy for cardiovascular diseases. The EET-related drug development against cardiac remodeling is also discussed, including the overexpression of CYP2J2, inhibition of sEH, and the analogs of EET.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinsheng Lai
- Division of Cardiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College and Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Mechanisms of Cardiologic Disorders, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Chen Chen
- Division of Cardiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College and Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Mechanisms of Cardiologic Disorders, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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Cizkova K, Koubova K, Foltynkova T, Jiravova J, Tauber Z. Soluble Epoxide Hydrolase as an Important Player in Intestinal Cell Differentiation. Cells Tissues Organs 2021; 209:177-188. [PMID: 33588415 DOI: 10.1159/000512807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2020] [Accepted: 11/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
There is growing evidence that soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH) may play a role in cell differentiation. sEH metabolizes biologically highly active and generally cytoprotective epoxyeicosatrienoic acids (EETs), generated from arachidonic acid metabolism by CYP epoxygenases (CYP2C and CYP2J subfamilies), to less active corresponding diols. We investigated the effect of sEH inhibitor (TPPU) on the expression of villin, CYP2C8, CYP2C9, CYP2J2, and sEH in undifferentiated and in vitro differentiated HT-29 and Caco2 cell lines. The administration of 10 μM TPPU on differentiated HT-29 and Caco2 cells resulted in a significant decrease in expression of villin, a marker for intestinal cell differentiation. It was accompanied by a disruption of the brush border when microvilli appeared sparse and short in atomic force microscope scans of HT-29 cells. Although inhibition of sEH in differentiated HT-29 and Caco2 cells led to an increase in sEH expression in both cell lines, this treatment had an opposite effect on CYP2J2 expression in HT-29 and Caco2 cells. In addition, tissue samples of colorectal carcinoma and adjacent normal tissues from 45 patients were immunostained for sEH and villin. We detected a significant decrease in the expression of both proteins in colorectal carcinoma in comparison to adjacent normal tissue, and the decrease in both sEH and villin expression revealed a moderate positive association. Taken together, our results showed that sEH is an important player in intestinal cell differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katerina Cizkova
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University, Olomouc, Czechia
| | - Katerina Koubova
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University, Olomouc, Czechia
| | - Tereza Foltynkova
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University, Olomouc, Czechia
| | - Jana Jiravova
- Department of Medical Biophysics, Institute of Molecular and Translational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University, Olomouc, Czechia
| | - Zdenek Tauber
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University, Olomouc, Czechia,
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20
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Han Y, Dong B, Chen M, Yao C. LncRNA H19 suppresses pyroptosis of cardiomyocytes to attenuate myocardial infarction in a PBX3/CYP1B1-dependent manner. Mol Cell Biochem 2021; 476:1387-1400. [PMID: 33389498 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-020-03998-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2020] [Accepted: 11/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Myocardial infarction (MI) is a major cause of cardiovascular disease which poses great healthy and financial burden for individuals. MI can be mainly induced by hypoxia. Therefore, in this study, we aimed to explore the function and mechanism of lncRNA H19 on hypoxia-induced pyroptosis of cardiomyocytes. METHOD Peripheral blood from healthy controls and MI patients was collected for determination of mRNA and protein expression levels of H19 and CYP1B1. The correlation between these two factors was analyzed. Then MI rat model was established and injected with H19 overexpression/CYP1B1 knockdown plasmid, in which the infraction area and pathological morphology were observed. Hypoxic cardiomyocytes were transfected with overexpression or knockdown of H19 and CYP1B1 for determination of NLRP3, ASC, caspase-1, IL-1β, IL-18, CyclinD1, and PCNA. Cell proliferation ability was assessed by CCK8. RIP and dual luciferase gene reporter assay were applied to verify the binding among H19, PBX3 and CYP1B1. RESULTS Downregulated H19 and upregulated CYP1B1 were observed in MI patients. A negative correlation was found for H19 and CYP1B1 expressions. Transfection of H19 overexpression or CYP1B1 knockdown could attenuate the MI progression in MI rats. In hypoxic cardiomyocytes, H19 overexpression or CYP1B1 knockdown could also inhibit NLRP3, ASC, caspase-1, IL-1β, and IL-18 in addition to suppressing cell apoptosis rate and promoting cell proliferation rate. Different expression pattern was found in cells transfected with H19 knockdown or CYP1B1 overexpression. Overexpression of CYP1B1 could abrogate the suppressive effect of H19 on pyroptosis of cardiomyocytes. H19 could inhibit activity of CYP1B1 promoters by regulating PBX3. CONCLUSION H19 could inhibit CYP1B1 expression in a PBX3-dependent way and thus attenuate cell pyroptosis of cardiomyocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youjian Han
- Department of Cardiology, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital, Changsha, Hunan, 410005, People's Republic of China.
| | - Bo Dong
- Department of Cardiology, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital, Changsha, Hunan, 410005, People's Republic of China
| | - Meijuan Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital, Changsha, Hunan, 410005, People's Republic of China
| | - Chanjiao Yao
- No.3 Obstetrics and Gynecology Department, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital, Changsha, Hunan, 410005, People's Republic of China
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The effect of ginsenoside Rg5, isolated from black ginseng, on heart failure in zebrafish based on untargeted metabolomics. J Funct Foods 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2020.104325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
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22
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Imig JD, Jankiewicz WK, Khan AH. Epoxy Fatty Acids: From Salt Regulation to Kidney and Cardiovascular Therapeutics: 2019 Lewis K. Dahl Memorial Lecture. Hypertension 2020; 76:3-15. [PMID: 32475311 PMCID: PMC7448548 DOI: 10.1161/hypertensionaha.120.13898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Epoxyeicosatrienoic acids (EETs) are epoxy fatty acids that have biological actions that are essential for maintaining water and electrolyte homeostasis. An inability to increase EETs in response to a high-salt diet results in salt-sensitive hypertension. Vasodilation, inhibition of epithelial sodium channel, and inhibition of inflammation are the major EET actions that are beneficial to the heart, resistance arteries, and kidneys. Genetic and pharmacological means to elevate EETs demonstrated antihypertensive, anti-inflammatory, and organ protective actions. Therapeutic approaches to increase EETs were then developed for cardiovascular diseases. sEH (soluble epoxide hydrolase) inhibitors were developed and progressed to clinical trials for hypertension, diabetes mellitus, and other diseases. EET analogs were another therapeutic approach taken and these drugs are entering the early phases of clinical development. Even with the promise for these therapeutic approaches, there are still several challenges, unexplored areas, and opportunities for epoxy fatty acids.
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Affiliation(s)
- John D Imig
- From the Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Cardiovascular Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee
| | - Wojciech K Jankiewicz
- From the Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Cardiovascular Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee
| | - Abdul H Khan
- From the Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Cardiovascular Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee
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Dietary n-6 and n-3 PUFA alter the free oxylipin profile differently in male and female rat hearts. Br J Nutr 2020; 122:252-261. [PMID: 31405389 DOI: 10.1017/s0007114519001211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Oxylipins are bioactive lipid mediators synthesised from PUFA. The most well-known oxylipins are the eicosanoids derived from arachidonic acid (ARA), and many of them influence cardiac physiology in health and disease. Oxylipins are also formed from other n-3 and n-6 PUFA such as α-linolenic acid (ALA), EPA, DHA and linoleic acid (LA), but fundamental data on the heart oxylipin profile, and the effect of diet and sex on this profile, are lacking. Therefore, weanling female and male Sprague-Dawley rats were given American Institute of Nutrition (AIN)-93G-based diets modified in oil composition to provide higher levels of ALA, EPA, DHA, LA and LA + ALA, compared with control diets. After 6 weeks, free oxylipins in rat hearts were increased primarily by their precursor PUFA, except for EPA oxylipins, which were increased not only by dietary EPA but also by dietary ALA or DHA. Dietary DHA had a greater effect than ALA or EPA on reducing ARA oxylipins. An exception to the dietary n-3 PUFA-lowering effects on ARA oxylipins was observed for several ARA-derived PG metabolites that were higher in rats given EPA diets. Higher dietary LA increased LA oxylipins, but it had no effect on ARA oxylipins. Overall, heart oxylipins were higher in female rats, but this depended on dietary treatment: the female oxylipin:male oxylipin ratio was higher in rats provided the ALA compared with the DHA diet, with other diet groups having ratios in between. In conclusion, individual PUFA and sex have unique and interactive effects on the rat heart free oxylipin profile.
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Wang R, Wang L, He J, Li S, Yang X, Sun P, Yuan Y, Peng J, Yan J, Du J, Li H. Specific Inhibition of CYP4A Alleviates Myocardial Oxidative Stress and Apoptosis Induced by Advanced Glycation End-Products. Front Pharmacol 2019; 10:876. [PMID: 31447674 PMCID: PMC6696796 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2019.00876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2018] [Accepted: 07/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
High exposure to advanced glycation end-products (AGEs) may induce cardiotoxicity. However, the effects and mechanisms remain to be further clarified. CYP4A plays an important role in the pathophysiological process of myocardial abnormalities by modulating oxidative stress and apoptosis (OS/Apop) signaling pathway. The present work aimed to investigate whether CYP4A mediates AGEs-induced myocardial injury. AGEs solution was administered intragastrically to C57BL/6 mice for 60 days, while the specific inhibitor of CYP4A, HET0016, was given from the 47th day via intraperitoneal injection for 2 weeks. Levels of OS/Apop in heart tissue were measured. The effects on the cell viability and apoptosis were detected in primary rat cardiomyocytes. To further investigate the mechanism, H9c2 cells were treated with HET0016 or small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) against CYP4a mRNA before incubation with AGEs. Exposure to AGEs led to significantly increased expression of CYP4A and levels of OS/Apop in heart and H9c2 cells both in vivo and in vitro. The OS/Apop pathway was activated with increased expression of NOX2, p-JNK, and cleaved caspase-3 (c-caspase-3) and decreased expression of p-Akt and Bcl-xL both in vivo and in vitro. Specific CYP4A suppression by HET0016 or siRNA exerted significant protective effects by attenuating AGEs-induced OS/Apop pathways in vitro. Our results demonstrate that specific inhibition of CYP4A might be a potential therapeutic option for myocardial injury induced by AGEs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Wang
- College of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China.,Department of Hematology, Liaoning Medical Center for Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation, Liaoning Key Laboratory of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation and Translational Medicine, the Second Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Li Wang
- College of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Jinlong He
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Tianjin for Medical Epigenetics and Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Shanshan Li
- College of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Xiaojing Yang
- College of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Pengyuan Sun
- College of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Yuhui Yuan
- Institute of Cancer Stem Cell, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Jinyong Peng
- College of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Jinsong Yan
- Department of Hematology, Liaoning Medical Center for Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation, Liaoning Key Laboratory of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation and Translational Medicine, the Second Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Jianling Du
- Department of Endocrinology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Hua Li
- College of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
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Arachidonic Acid Metabolism and Kidney Inflammation. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20153683. [PMID: 31357612 PMCID: PMC6695795 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20153683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 184] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2019] [Revised: 07/19/2019] [Accepted: 07/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
As a major component of cell membrane lipids, Arachidonic acid (AA), being a major component of the cell membrane lipid content, is mainly metabolized by three kinds of enzymes: cyclooxygenase (COX), lipoxygenase (LOX), and cytochrome P450 (CYP450) enzymes. Based on these three metabolic pathways, AA could be converted into various metabolites that trigger different inflammatory responses. In the kidney, prostaglandins (PG), thromboxane (Tx), leukotrienes (LTs) and hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acids (HETEs) are the major metabolites generated from AA. An increased level of prostaglandins (PGs), TxA2 and leukotriene B4 (LTB4) results in inflammatory damage to the kidney. Moreover, the LTB4-leukotriene B4 receptor 1 (BLT1) axis participates in the acute kidney injury via mediating the recruitment of renal neutrophils. In addition, AA can regulate renal ion transport through 19-hydroxystilbenetetraenoic acid (19-HETE) and 20-HETE, both of which are produced by cytochrome P450 monooxygenase. Epoxyeicosatrienoic acids (EETs) generated by the CYP450 enzyme also plays a paramount role in the kidney damage during the inflammation process. For example, 14 and 15-EET mitigated ischemia/reperfusion-caused renal tubular epithelial cell damage. Many drug candidates that target the AA metabolism pathways are being developed to treat kidney inflammation. These observations support an extraordinary interest in a wide range of studies on drug interventions aiming to control AA metabolism and kidney inflammation.
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Karkhanis A, Leow JWH, Hagen T, Chan ECY. Dronedarone-Induced Cardiac Mitochondrial Dysfunction and Its Mitigation by Epoxyeicosatrienoic Acids. Toxicol Sci 2019; 163:79-91. [PMID: 29385569 DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfy011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Dronedarone and amiodarone are structurally similar antiarrhythmic drugs. Dronedarone worsens cardiac adverse effects with unknown causes while amiodarone has no cardiac adversity. Dronedarone induces preclinical mitochondrial toxicity in rat liver and exhibits clinical hepatotoxicity. Here, we further investigated the relative potential of the antiarrhythmic drugs in causing mitochondrial injury in cardiomyocytes. Differentiated rat H9c2 cardiomyocytes were treated with dronedarone, amiodarone, and their respective metabolites namely N-desbutyldronedarone (NDBD) and N-desethylamiodarone (NDEA). Intracellular ATP content, mitochondrial membrane potential (Δψm), and inhibition of carnitine palmitoyltransferase I (CPT1) activity and arachidonic acid (AA) metabolism were measured in H9c2 cells. Inhibition of electron transport chain (ETC) activities and uncoupling of ETC were further studied in isolated rat heart mitochondria. Dronedarone, amiodarone, NDBD and NDEA decreased intracellular ATP content significantly (IC50 = 0.49, 1.84, 1.07, and 0.63 µM, respectively) and dissipated Δψm potently (IC50 = 0.5, 2.94, 12.8, and 7.38 µM, respectively). Dronedarone, NDBD, and NDEA weakly inhibited CPT1 activity while amiodarone (IC50 > 100 µM) yielded negligible inhibition. Only dronedarone inhibited AA metabolism to its regioisomeric epoxyeicosatrienoic acids (EETs) consistently and potently. NADH-supplemented ETC activity was inhibited by dronedarone, amiodarone, NDBD and NDEA (IC50 = 3.07, 5.24, 11.94, and 16.16 µM, respectively). Cytotoxicity, ATP decrease and Δψm disruption were ameliorated via exogenous pre-treatment of H9c2 cells with 11, 12-EET and 14, 15-EET. Our study confirmed that dronedarone causes mitochondrial injury in cardiomyocytes by perturbing Δψm, inhibiting mitochondrial complex I, uncoupling ETC and dysregulating AA-EET metabolism. We postulate that cardiac mitochondrial injury is one potential contributing factor to dronedarone-induced cardiac failure exacerbation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aneesh Karkhanis
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Science, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117543
| | - Jacqueline Wen Hui Leow
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Science, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117543
| | - Thilo Hagen
- Department of Biochemistry, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117597
| | - Eric Chun Yong Chan
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Science, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117543
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Brenner Centre for Molecular Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117609
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Alsaad AMS. Dasatinib induces gene expression of CYP1A1, CYP1B1, and cardiac hypertrophy markers (BNP, β-MHC) in rat cardiomyocyte H9c2 cells. Toxicol Mech Methods 2018; 28:678-684. [DOI: 10.1080/15376516.2018.1497746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Abdulaziz M. S. Alsaad
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Neuroprotective effects of epoxyeicosatrienoic acids. Prostaglandins Other Lipid Mediat 2018; 138:9-14. [DOI: 10.1016/j.prostaglandins.2018.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2017] [Revised: 06/19/2018] [Accepted: 07/17/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Abstract
20-HETE, the ω-hydroxylation product of arachidonic acid catalyzed by enzymes of the cytochrome P450 (CYP) 4A and 4F gene families, is a bioactive lipid mediator with potent effects on the vasculature including stimulation of smooth muscle cell contractility, migration and proliferation as well as activation of endothelial cell dysfunction and inflammation. Clinical studies have shown elevated levels of plasma and urinary 20-HETE in human diseases and conditions such as hypertension, obesity and metabolic syndrome, myocardial infarction, stroke, and chronic kidney diseases. Studies of polymorphic associations also suggest an important role for 20-HETE in hypertension, stroke and myocardial infarction. Animal models of increased 20-HETE production are hypertensive and are more susceptible to cardiovascular injury. The current review summarizes recent findings that focus on the role of 20-HETE in the regulation of vascular and cardiac function and its contribution to the pathology of vascular and cardiac diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petra Rocic
- Department of Pharmacology, New York Medical College School of Medicine, Valhalla, NY, United States
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Xu MJ, Jiang LF, Wu T, Chu JH, Wei YD, Aa JY, Wang GJ, Hao HP, Ju WZ, Li P. Inhibitory Effects of Danshen components on CYP2C8 and CYP2J2. Chem Biol Interact 2018; 289:15-22. [PMID: 29689254 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2018.04.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2018] [Revised: 03/28/2018] [Accepted: 04/10/2018] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
The use of Chinese herbal medicines and natural products has become increasingly popular in both China and Western societies as an alternative medicine for the treatment of diseases or as a health supplement. Danshen, the dried root of Salvia miltiorrhiza (Fam.Labiatae), which is rich in phenolic acids and tanshinones, is a widely used herbal medicine for the treatment of cardio-cerebrovascular diseases. The goal of this study was to examine the inhibitory effects of fifteen components derived from Danshen on CYP2C8 and CYP2J2, which are expressed both in human liver and cardiovascular systems. Recombinant CYP2C8 and CYP2J2 were used, and the mechanism, kinetics, and type of inhibition were determined. Taxol 6-hydroxylation and astemizole O-desmethyastemizole were determined as probe activities for CYP2C8 and CYP2J2, respectively. Metabolites formations were analyzed using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). The results demonstrated that salvianolic acid A was a competitive inhibitor of CYP2C8 (Ki = 2.5 μM) and mixed-type inhibitor of CYP2J2 (Ki = 7.44 μM). Salvianolic acid C had moderate noncompetitive and mixed-type inhibitions on CYP2C8 (Ki = 4.82 μM) and CYP2J2 (Ki = 5.75 μM), respectively. Tanshinone IIA was a moderate competitive inhibitor of CYP2C8 (Ki = 1.18 μM). Dihydrotanshinone I had moderate noncompetitive inhibition on CYP2J2 (Ki = 6.59 μM), but mechanism-based inhibition on CYP2C8 (KI = 0.43 μM, kinact = 0.097 min-1). Tanshinone I was a moderate competitive inhibitor of CYP2C8 (Ki = 4.20 μM). These findings suggested that Danshen preparations appear not likely to pose a significant risk of drug interactions mediated by CYP2C8 after oral administration; but their inhibitory effects on intestinal CYP2J2 mediated drug metabolism should not be neglected when they are given orally in combination with other drugs. Additionally, this study provided novel insights into the underling pharmacological mechanisms of Danshen components from the perspective of CYP2C8 and CYP2J2 inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei-Juan Xu
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210029, China; State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Li-Feng Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Ting Wu
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Ji-Hong Chu
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Yi-Dan Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Ji-Ye Aa
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Guang-Ji Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Hai-Ping Hao
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Wen-Zheng Ju
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210029, China.
| | - Ping Li
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China.
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Solanki M, Pointon A, Jones B, Herbert K. Cytochrome P450 2J2: Potential Role in Drug Metabolism and Cardiotoxicity. Drug Metab Dispos 2018; 46:1053-1065. [DOI: 10.1124/dmd.117.078964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2017] [Accepted: 04/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
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Altered Protein Expression of Cardiac CYP2J and Hepatic CYP2C, CYP4A, and CYP4F in a Mouse Model of Type II Diabetes-A Link in the Onset and Development of Cardiovascular Disease? Pharmaceutics 2017; 9:pharmaceutics9040044. [PMID: 29023376 PMCID: PMC5750650 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics9040044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2017] [Revised: 09/30/2017] [Accepted: 10/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Arachidonic acid can be metabolized by cytochrome P450 (CYP450) enzymes in a tissue- and cell-specific manner to generate vasoactive products such as epoxyeicosatrienoic acids (EETs-cardioprotective) and hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acids (HETEs-cardiotoxic). Type II diabetes is a well-recognized risk factor for developing cardiovascular disease. A mouse model of Type II diabetes (C57BLKS/J-db/db) was used. After sacrifice, livers and hearts were collected, washed, and snap frozen. Total proteins were extracted. Western blots were performed to assess cardiac CYP2J and hepatic CYP2C, CYP4A, and CYP4F protein expression, respectively. Significant decreases in relative protein expression of cardiac CYP2J and hepatic CYP2C were observed in Type II diabetes animals compared to controls (CYP2J: 0.80 ± 0.03 vs. 1.05 ± 0.06, n = 20, p < 0.001); (CYP2C: 1.56 ± 0.17 vs. 2.21 ± 0.19, n = 19, p < 0.01). In contrast, significant increases in relative protein expression of both hepatic CYP4A and CYP4F were noted in Type II diabetes mice compared to controls (CYP4A: 1.06 ± 0.09 vs. 0.18 ± 0.01, n = 19, p < 0.001); (CYP4F: 2.53 ± 0.22 vs. 1.10 ± 0.07, n = 19, p < 0.001). These alterations induced by Type II diabetes in the endogenous pathway (CYP450) of arachidonic acid metabolism may increase the risk for cardiovascular disease by disrupting the fine equilibrium between cardioprotective (CYP2J/CYP2C-generated) and cardiotoxic (CYP4A/CYP4F-generated) metabolites of arachidonic acid.
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El-Sherbeni AA, El-Kadi AOS. Microsomal cytochrome P450 as a target for drug discovery and repurposing. Drug Metab Rev 2016; 49:1-17. [DOI: 10.1080/03602532.2016.1257021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed A. El-Sherbeni
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2142J Katz Group-Rexall Centre for Pharmacy and Health Research, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Ayman O. S. El-Kadi
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2142J Katz Group-Rexall Centre for Pharmacy and Health Research, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
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Willis MS, Ilaiwy A, Montgomery MD, Simpson PC, Jensen BC. The alpha-1A adrenergic receptor agonist A61603 reduces cardiac polyunsaturated fatty acid and endocannabinoid metabolites associated with inflammation in vivo. Metabolomics 2016; 12:155. [PMID: 28533737 PMCID: PMC5437747 DOI: 10.1007/s11306-016-1097-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Alpha-1-adrenergic receptors (α1-ARs) are G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs) with three highly homologous subtypes (α1A, α1B, and α1D). Of these three subtypes, only the α1A and α1B are expressed in the heart. Multiple pre-clinical models of heart injury demonstrate cardioprotective roles for the α1A. Non-selective α1-AR activation promotes glycolysis in the heart, but the functional α1-AR subtype and broader metabolic effects have not been studied. OBJECTIVES Given the high metabolic demands of the heart and previous evidence indicating benefit from α1A activation, we chose to investigate the effects of α1A activation on the cardiac metabolome in vivo. METHODS Mice were treated for one week with a low, subpressor dose of A61603, a highly selective and potent α1A agonist. Cardiac tissue and serum were analyzed using a non-targeted metabolomics approach. RESULTS We identified previously unrecognized metabolic responses to α1A activation, most notably broad reduction in the abundance of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) and endocannabinoids (ECs). CONCLUSION Given the well characterized roles of PUFAs and ECs in inflammatory pathways, these findings suggest a possible role for cardiac α1A-ARs in the regulation of inflammation and may offer novel insight into the mechanisms underlying the cardioprotective benefit of selective pharmacologic α1A activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monte S. Willis
- McAllister Heart Institute, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC USA
- Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC USA
- Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC USA
| | - Amro Ilaiwy
- Sarah W. Stedman Nutrition and Metabolism Center, Duke Molecular Physiology Institute, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | | | - Paul C. Simpson
- VA Medical Center and University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Brian C. Jensen
- McAllister Heart Institute, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC USA
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiology University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
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Zhang F, Yu X, He C, Ouyang X, Wu J, Li J, Zhang J, Duan X, Wan Y, Yue J. Effects of sexually dimorphic growth hormone secretory patterns on arachidonic acid metabolizing enzymes in rodent heart. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2015; 289:495-506. [PMID: 26493931 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2015.10.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2015] [Revised: 10/15/2015] [Accepted: 10/16/2015] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The arachidonic acid (AA) metabolizing enzymes are the potential therapeutic targets of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). As sex differences have been shown in the risk and outcome of CVDs, we investigated the regulation of heart AA metabolizing enzymes (COXs, LOXs, and CYPs) by sex-dependent growth hormone (GH) secretory patterns. The pulsatile (masculine) GH secretion at a physiological concentration decreased CYP1A1 and CYP2J3 mRNA levels more efficiently in the H9c2 cells compared with the constant (feminine) GH secretion; however, CYP1B1 mRNA levels were higher following the pulsatile GH secretion. Sex differences in CYP1A1, CYP1B1, and CYP2J11 mRNA levels were observed in both the wild-type and GHR deficient mice. No sex differences in the mRNA levels of COXs, LOXs, or CYP2E1 were observed in the wild-type mice. The constant GH infusion induced heart CYP1A1 and CYP2J11, and decreased CYP1B1 in the male C57/B6 mice constantly infused with GH (0.4 μg/h, 7 days). The activity of rat Cyp2j3 promoter was inhibited by the STAT5B protein, but was activated by C/EBPα (CEBPA). Compared with the constant GH administration, the levels of the nuclear phosphorylated STAT5B protein and its binding to the rat Cyp2j3 promoter were higher following the pulsatile GH administration. The constant GH infusion decreased the binding of the nuclear phosphorylated STAT5B protein to the mouse Cyp2j11 promoter. The data suggest the sexually dimorphic transcription of heart AA metabolizing enzymes, which might alter the risk and outcome of CVDs. GHR-STAT5B signal transduction pathway may be involved in the sex difference in heart CYP2J levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Furong Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Xuming Yu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Chunyan He
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Xiufang Ouyang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Jinhua Wu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Jie Li
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Junjie Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Xuejiao Duan
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Yu Wan
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Jiang Yue
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China.
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Červenka L, Melenovský V, Husková Z, Škaroupková P, Nishiyama A, Sadowski J. Inhibition of soluble epoxide hydrolase counteracts the development of renal dysfunction and progression of congestive heart failure in Ren-2 transgenic hypertensive rats with aorto-caval fistula. Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol 2015; 42:795-807. [DOI: 10.1111/1440-1681.12419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2015] [Revised: 04/27/2015] [Accepted: 05/01/2015] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Luděk Červenka
- Centre for Experimental Medicine; Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine; Prague Czech Republic
- Department of Pathophysiology; 2nd Faculty of Medicine; Charles University; Prague Czech Republic
| | - Vojtěch Melenovský
- Department of Cardiology; Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine; Prague Czech Republic
| | - Zuzana Husková
- Centre for Experimental Medicine; Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine; Prague Czech Republic
| | - Petra Škaroupková
- Centre for Experimental Medicine; Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine; Prague Czech Republic
| | | | - Janusz Sadowski
- Department of Renal and Body Fluid Physiology; M. Mossakowski Medical Research Centre; Polish Academy of Science; Warsaw Poland
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Chavan H, Li F, Tessman R, Mickey K, Dorko K, Schmitt T, Kumer S, Gunewardena S, Gaikwad N, Krishnamurthy P. Functional coupling of ATP-binding cassette transporter Abcb6 to cytochrome P450 expression and activity in liver. J Biol Chem 2015; 290:7871-86. [PMID: 25623066 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m114.605386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Although endogenous mechanisms that negatively regulate cytochrome P450 (P450) monooxygenases in response to physiological and pathophysiological signals are not well understood, they are thought to result from alterations in the level of endogenous metabolites, involved in maintaining homeostasis. Here we show that homeostatic changes in hepatic metabolite profile in Abcb6 (mitochondrial ATP-binding cassette transporter B6) deficiency results in suppression of a specific subset of hepatic P450 activity. Abcb6 null mice are more susceptible to pentobarbital-induced sleep and zoxazolamine-induced paralysis, secondary to decreased expression and activity of Cyp3a11 and Cyp2b10. The knock-out mice also show decrease in both basal and xeno-inducible expression and activity of a subset of hepatic P450s that appear to be related to changes in hepatic metabolite profile. These data, together with the observation that liver extracts from Abcb6-deficient mice suppress P450 expression in human primary hepatocytes, suggest that this mouse model may provide an opportunity to understand the physiological signals and the mechanisms involved in negative regulation of P450s.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Feng Li
- From the Departments of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Therapeutics
| | - Robert Tessman
- From the Departments of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Therapeutics
| | - Kristen Mickey
- From the Departments of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Therapeutics
| | - Kenneth Dorko
- From the Departments of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Therapeutics, the Cell Isolation Core, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas 66160 and
| | | | | | | | - Nilesh Gaikwad
- the Departments of Nutrition and Environmental Toxicology and the West Coast Metabolomics Center, University of California, Davis, California 95616
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Fleming I. The Pharmacology of the Cytochrome P450 Epoxygenase/Soluble Epoxide Hydrolase Axis in the Vasculature and Cardiovascular Disease. Pharmacol Rev 2014; 66:1106-40. [DOI: 10.1124/pr.113.007781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
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Aspromonte N, Monitillo F, Puzzovivo A, Valle R, Caldarola P, Iacoviello M. Modulation of cardiac cytochrome P450 in patients with heart failure. Expert Opin Drug Metab Toxicol 2014; 10:327-39. [DOI: 10.1517/17425255.2014.872240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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Yousif MHM, Makki B, El-Hashim AZ, Akhtar S, Benter IF. Chronic treatment with Ang-(1-7) reverses abnormal reactivity in the corpus cavernosum and normalizes diabetes-induced changes in the protein levels of ACE, ACE2, ROCK1, ROCK2 and omega-hydroxylase in a rat model of type 1 diabetes. J Diabetes Res 2014; 2014:142154. [PMID: 25309930 PMCID: PMC4182022 DOI: 10.1155/2014/142154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2014] [Revised: 07/31/2014] [Accepted: 08/01/2014] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Angiotensin-(1-7) [Ang-(1-7)] may have beneficial effects in diabetes mellitus-induced erectile dysfunction (DMIED) but its molecular actions in the diabetic corpus cavernosum (CC) are not known. We characterized the effects of diabetes and/or chronic in vivo administration of Ang-(1-7) on vascular reactivity in the rat corpus cavernosum (CC) and on protein expression levels of potential downstream effectors of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) such as angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE), ACE2, Rho kinases 1 and 2 (ROCK1 and ROCK2), and omega-hydroxylase, the cytochrome-P450 enzyme that metabolizes arachidonic acid to form the vasoconstrictor, 20-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid. Streptozotocin-treated rats were chronicically administered Ang-(1-7) with or without A779, a Mas receptor antagonist, during weeks 4 to 6 of diabetes. Ang-(1-7) reversed diabetes-induced abnormal reactivity to vasoactive agents (endothelin-1, phenylepherine, and carbachol) in the CC without correcting hyperglycemia. Six weeks of diabetes led to elevated ACE, ROCK1, ROCK 2, and omega-hydroxylase and a concomitant decrease in ACE2 protein expression levels that were normalized by Ang-(1-7) treatment but not upon coadministration of A779. These data are supportive of the notion that the beneficial effects of Ang-(1-7) in DMIED involve counterregulation of diabetes-induced changes in ACE, ACE2, Rho kinases, and omega-hydroxylase proteins in the diabetic CC via a Mas receptor-dependent mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariam H. M. Yousif
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, Kuwait University, P.O. Box 24923, 13110 Safat, Kuwait
| | - Batoul Makki
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, Kuwait University, P.O. Box 24923, 13110 Safat, Kuwait
| | - Ahmed Z. El-Hashim
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kuwait University, P.O. Box 24923, 13110 Safat, Kuwait
| | - Saghir Akhtar
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, Kuwait University, P.O. Box 24923, 13110 Safat, Kuwait
- *Saghir Akhtar:
| | - Ibrahim F. Benter
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, Kuwait University, P.O. Box 24923, 13110 Safat, Kuwait
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