1
|
Iascone DM, Zhang X, Brafford P, Mesaros C, Sela Y, Hofbauer S, Zhang SL, Madhwal S, Cook K, Pivarshev P, Stanger BZ, Anderson S, Dang CV, Sehgal A. Hypermetabolic state is associated with circadian rhythm disruption in mouse and human cancer cells. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2024; 121:e2319782121. [PMID: 39008664 PMCID: PMC11287162 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2319782121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2024] [Indexed: 07/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Crosstalk between metabolism and circadian rhythms is a fundamental building block of multicellular life, and disruption of this reciprocal communication could be relevant to disease. Here, we investigated whether maintenance of circadian rhythms depends on specific metabolic pathways, particularly in the context of cancer. We found that in adult mouse fibroblasts, ATP levels were a major contributor to signal from a clock gene luciferase reporter, although not necessarily to the strength of circadian cycling. In contrast, we identified significant metabolic control of circadian function across a series of pancreatic adenocarcinoma cell lines. Metabolic profiling of congenic tumor cell clones revealed substantial diversity among these lines that we used to identify clones to generate circadian reporter lines. We observed diverse circadian profiles among these lines that varied with their metabolic phenotype: The most hypometabolic line [exhibiting low levels of oxidative phosphorylation (OxPhos) and glycolysis] had the strongest rhythms, while the most hypermetabolic line had the weakest rhythms. Pharmacological enhancement of OxPhos decreased the amplitude of circadian oscillation in a subset of tumor cell lines. Strikingly, inhibition of OxPhos enhanced circadian rhythms only in the tumor cell line in which glycolysis was also low, thereby establishing a hypometabolic state. We further analyzed metabolic and circadian phenotypes across a panel of human patient-derived melanoma cell lines and observed a significant negative association between metabolic activity and circadian cycling strength. Together, these findings suggest that metabolic heterogeneity in cancer directly contributes to circadian function and that high levels of glycolysis or OxPhos independently disrupt circadian rhythms in these cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Maxim Iascone
- HHMI, Chronobiology and Sleep Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA19104
| | - Xue Zhang
- Abramson Cancer Center, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA19104
- Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, PA19104
| | - Patricia Brafford
- Abramson Cancer Center, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA19104
- Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, PA19104
| | - Clementina Mesaros
- Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA19104
| | - Yogev Sela
- Abramson Cancer Center, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA19104
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104
| | - Samuel Hofbauer
- Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA19104
| | - Shirley L. Zhang
- HHMI, Chronobiology and Sleep Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA19104
| | - Sukanya Madhwal
- HHMI, Chronobiology and Sleep Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA19104
| | - Kieona Cook
- Department of Psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA19104
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA19104
| | - Pavel Pivarshev
- HHMI, Chronobiology and Sleep Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA19104
| | - Ben Z. Stanger
- Abramson Cancer Center, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA19104
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104
| | - Stewart Anderson
- Department of Psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA19104
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA19104
| | - Chi V. Dang
- Abramson Cancer Center, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA19104
- Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, PA19104
| | - Amita Sehgal
- HHMI, Chronobiology and Sleep Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA19104
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Pourali G, Ahmadzade AM, Arastonejad M, Pourali R, Kazemi D, Ghasemirad H, Khazaei M, Fiuji H, Nassiri M, Hassanian SM, Ferns GA, Avan A. The circadian clock as a potential biomarker and therapeutic target in pancreatic cancer. Mol Cell Biochem 2024; 479:1243-1255. [PMID: 37405534 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-023-04790-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2023] [Accepted: 06/15/2023] [Indexed: 07/06/2023]
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer (PC) has a very high mortality rate globally. Despite ongoing efforts, its prognosis has not improved significantly over the last two decades. Thus, further approaches for optimizing treatment are required. Various biological processes oscillate in a circadian rhythm and are regulated by an endogenous clock. The machinery controlling the circadian cycle is tightly coupled with the cell cycle and can interact with tumor suppressor genes/oncogenes; and can therefore potentially influence cancer progression. Understanding the detailed interactions may lead to the discovery of prognostic and diagnostic biomarkers and new potential targets for treatment. Here, we explain how the circadian system relates to the cell cycle, cancer, and tumor suppressor genes/oncogenes. Furthermore, we propose that circadian clock genes may be potential biomarkers for some cancers and review the current advances in the treatment of PC by targeting the circadian clock. Despite efforts to diagnose pancreatic cancer early, it still remains a cancer with poor prognosis and high mortality rates. While studies have shown the role of molecular clock disruption in tumor initiation, development, and therapy resistance, the role of circadian genes in pancreatic cancer pathogenesis is not yet fully understood and further studies are required to better understand the potential of circadian genes as biomarkers and therapeutic targets.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ghazaleh Pourali
- Metabolic Syndrome Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Amir Mahmoud Ahmadzade
- Transplant Research Center, Clinical Research Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Department of Radiology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mahshid Arastonejad
- Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, Virginia Institute for Psychiatric and Behavioral Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Roozbeh Pourali
- Student Research Committee, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Danial Kazemi
- Student Research Committee, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Hezar Jerib Street, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Hamidreza Ghasemirad
- Student Research Committee, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Majid Khazaei
- Metabolic Syndrome Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Basic Sciences Research Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Hamid Fiuji
- Metabolic Syndrome Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mohammadreza Nassiri
- Basic Sciences Research Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Seyed Mahdi Hassanian
- Metabolic Syndrome Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Basic Sciences Research Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Gordon A Ferns
- Division of Medical Education, Brighton & Sussex Medical School, Falmer, Brighton, Sussex, BN1 9PH, UK
| | - Amir Avan
- Metabolic Syndrome Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
- Medical Genetics Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health, Queensland University of Technology, Kelvin Grove, Brisbane, QLD, 4059, Australia.
- Translational Research Institute, Woolloongabba, 37 Kent Street, QLD, 4102, Australia.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Iascone DM, Zhang X, Bafford P, Mesaros C, Sela Y, Hofbauer S, Zhang SL, Cook K, Pivarshev P, Stanger BZ, Anderson S, Dang CV, Sehgal A. Hypermetabolic state is associated with circadian rhythm disruption in mouse and human cancer cells. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.11.08.566310. [PMID: 38014131 PMCID: PMC10680562 DOI: 10.1101/2023.11.08.566310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2023]
Abstract
Crosstalk between cellular metabolism and circadian rhythms is a fundamental building block of multicellular life, and disruption of this reciprocal communication could be relevant to degenerative disease, including cancer. Here, we investigated whether maintenance of circadian rhythms depends upon specific metabolic pathways, particularly in the context of cancer. We found that in adult mouse fibroblasts, ATP levels were a major contributor to overall levels of a clock gene luciferase reporter, although not necessarily to the strength of circadian cycling. In contrast, we identified significant metabolic control of circadian function in an in vitro mouse model of pancreatic adenocarcinoma. Metabolic profiling of a library of congenic tumor cell clones revealed significant differences in levels of lactate, pyruvate, ATP, and other crucial metabolites that we used to identify candidate clones with which to generate circadian reporter lines. Despite the shared genetic background of the clones, we observed diverse circadian profiles among these lines that varied with their metabolic phenotype: the most hypometabolic line had the strongest circadian rhythms while the most hypermetabolic line had the weakest rhythms. Treatment of these tumor cell lines with bezafibrate, a peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) agonist shown to increase OxPhos, decreased the amplitude of circadian oscillation in a subset of tumor cell lines. Strikingly, treatment with the Complex I antagonist rotenone enhanced circadian rhythms only in the tumor cell line in which glycolysis was also low, thereby establishing a hypometabolic state. We further analyzed metabolic and circadian phenotypes across a panel of human patient-derived melanoma cell lines and observed a significant negative association between metabolic activity and circadian cycling strength. Together, these findings suggest that metabolic heterogeneity in cancer directly contributes to circadian function, and that high levels of glycolysis or OxPhos independently disrupt circadian rhythms in these cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Maxim Iascone
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chronobiology and Sleep Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Xue Zhang
- Abramson Cancer Center, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104
- Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Present address: Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Patricia Bafford
- Abramson Cancer Center, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104
- Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Clementina Mesaros
- Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Yogev Sela
- Abramson Cancer Center, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Samuel Hofbauer
- Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Shirley L Zhang
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chronobiology and Sleep Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Present address: Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Kieona Cook
- Department of Psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Pavel Pivarshev
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chronobiology and Sleep Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Ben Z Stanger
- Abramson Cancer Center, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Stewart Anderson
- Department of Psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Chi V Dang
- Abramson Cancer Center, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104
- Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Present address: Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Amita Sehgal
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chronobiology and Sleep Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
The Beneficial Roles of SIRT1 in Neuroinflammation-Related Diseases. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2020; 2020:6782872. [PMID: 33014276 PMCID: PMC7519200 DOI: 10.1155/2020/6782872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 153] [Impact Index Per Article: 38.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2020] [Revised: 07/29/2020] [Accepted: 08/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Sirtuins are the class III of histone deacetylases whose deacetylate of histones is dependent on nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+). Among seven sirtuins, SIRT1 plays a critical role in modulating a wide range of physiological processes, including apoptosis, DNA repair, inflammatory response, metabolism, cancer, and stress. Neuroinflammation is associated with many neurological diseases, including ischemic stroke, bacterial infections, traumatic brain injury, Alzheimer's disease (AD), and Parkinson's disease (PD). Recently, numerous studies indicate the protective effects of SIRT1 in neuroinflammation-related diseases. Here, we review the latest progress regarding the anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective effects of SIRT1. First, we introduce the structure, catalytic mechanism, and functions of SIRT1. Next, we discuss the molecular mechanisms of SIRT1 in the regulation of neuroinflammation. Finally, we analyze the mechanisms and effects of SIRT1 in several common neuroinflammation-associated diseases, such as cerebral ischemia, traumatic brain injury, spinal cord injury, AD, and PD. Taken together, this information implies that SIRT1 may serve as a promising therapeutic target for the treatment of neuroinflammation-associated disorders.
Collapse
|
5
|
Circadian Dysregulation of the TGFβ/SMAD4 Pathway Modulates Metastatic Properties and Cell Fate Decisions in Pancreatic Cancer Cells. iScience 2020; 23:101551. [PMID: 33083720 PMCID: PMC7522758 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2020.101551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2020] [Revised: 06/24/2020] [Accepted: 09/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Impairment of circadian rhythms impacts carcinogenesis. SMAD4, a clock-controlled gene and central component of the TGFβ canonical pathway, is frequently mutated in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDA), leading to decreased survival. Here, we used an in vitro PDA model of SMAD4-positive and SMAD4-negative cells to investigate the interplay between circadian rhythms, the TGFβ canonical signaling pathway, and its impact on tumor malignancy. Our data show that TGFβ1, SMAD3, SMAD4, and SMAD7 oscillate in a circadian fashion in SMAD4-positive PDA cells, whereas altering the clock impairs the mRNA dynamics of these genes. Furthermore, the expression of the clock genes DEC1, DEC2, and CRY1 varied depending on SMAD4 status. TGFβ pathway activation resulted in an altered clock, cell-cycle arrest, accelerated apoptosis rate, enhanced invasiveness, and chemosensitivity. Our data suggest that the impact of TGFβ on the clock is SMAD4-dependent, and S MAD3, SMAD4, DEC1, and CRY1 involved in this cross-talk affect PDA patient survival.
Collapse
|
6
|
Period Family of Clock Genes as Novel Predictors of Survival in Human Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. DISEASE MARKERS 2020; 2020:6486238. [PMID: 32849922 PMCID: PMC7436287 DOI: 10.1155/2020/6486238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2020] [Revised: 02/03/2020] [Accepted: 05/05/2020] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Background Period genes are important core clock genes, including PER1, PER2, and PER3. A number of studies have demonstrated that the abnormal expression of the PER gene family of clock genes is associated with the survival and prognosis of patients with cancer; however, the sample sizes included in the majority of these studies were small, and the reported results were inconsistent. This study was the first to collect the relevant publications to systematically evaluate the value of the expression of the PER gene family in the prediction of survival and prognosis of human tumors. Methods The PubMed, Cochrane Library, Embase, and Web of Science databases were searched systematically, and a meta-analysis was performed. Results A total of 12 eligible publications met the inclusion criteria for the meta-analysis, including 1,369 patients and 9 different types of cancer. The pooled hazard ratio for overall survival indicated that the overall survival of patients in the high PER1, PER2, and PER3 protein expression group was significantly higher than that in the low-expression group, respectively. The sensitivity analysis revealed that the result was stable and reliable. The association between PER1 and PER3 mRNA expression levels and cancer prognosis was not meta-analyzed as the number of experimental studies was <3. There was no significant association between the expression of PER2 mRNA and the overall survival of patients with cancer. Conclusion PER1, PER2, and PER3 protein expression levels can be used as novel potential biomarkers for predicting cancer prognosis.
Collapse
|
7
|
Zhang J, Lv H, Ji M, Wang Z, Wu W. Low circadian clock genes expression in cancers: A meta-analysis of its association with clinicopathological features and prognosis. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0233508. [PMID: 32437452 PMCID: PMC7241715 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0233508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2020] [Accepted: 05/06/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Per1, Per2, Per3, Cry1, Cry2, Bmal1, Npas2 and CLOCK genes are the eight core circadian clock genes. Low expression of these circadian clock genes plays an important role in the progression of cancers. However, its clinicopathological and prognostic value in patients with cancers remains controversial and inconclusive. We performed a meta-analysis of studies assessing the clinicopathological and prognostic significance of low expression of these genes in cancers. Methods Relevant studies were searched from the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Embase, EBSCO, Ovid, PubMed, Science Direct, Wiley Online Library database, CNKI and Wan Fang database. The meta-analysis was performed by using STATA version 12 software. A random-effect model was employed to evaluate all pooled hazard ratios (HRs) and odd ratios (ORs). Results A total of 36 studies comprising 7476 cases met the inclusion criteria. Meta-analysis suggested that low expression of Per1 was associated with poor differentiation (Per1: OR=2.30, 95%CI: 1.36∼3.87, P=0.002) and deeper invasion depth (Per1: OR=2.12, 95%CI: 1.62∼2.77, Ρ<0.001); low Per2 expression was correlated with poor differentiation (Per2: OR=2.41, 95%CI: 1.53∼3.79, Ρ<0.001), worse TNM stage (Per2:OR=3.47, 95%CI: 1.88∼6.42, P<0.001) and further metastasis (Per2:OR=2.35, 95%CI: 1.35∼4.11, Ρ=0.003). Furthermore, the results revealed that low expressions of Per1 and Per2 were also correlated with poor overall survival of cancers (Per1: HR=1.35, 95%CI: 1.06∼1.72, P=0.014; Per2: HR=1.43, 95%CI: 1.10∼1.85, P=0.007). Subgroup analysis indicated that low Per1 and Per2 expressions were especially associated with poor prognosis of gastrointestinal caners (Per1: HR=1.33, 95%CI: 1.14∼1.55, Ρ<0.001, Ι2=4.2%; Per2: HR=1.62, 95%CI: 1.25∼2.18, P<0.001, I2=0.0%). Conclusions Our study suggested that low Per1, Per2 and Npas2 expression played a distinct and crucial role in progression of cancers. Low expressions of Per1 and Per2 could serve as unfavorable indicators for cancers prognosis, especially for gastrointestinal cancers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiangguo Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shekou People’s Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
- * E-mail: (JZ); (WW)
| | - Hong Lv
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shekou People’s Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Mingzhu Ji
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shekou People’s Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhimo Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Nanshan People’s Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Wenqing Wu
- Shekou People’s Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
- * E-mail: (JZ); (WW)
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
García-Costela M, Escudero-Feliú J, Puentes-Pardo JD, San Juán SM, Morales-Santana S, Ríos-Arrabal S, Carazo Á, León J. Circadian Genes as Therapeutic Targets in Pancreatic Cancer. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2020; 11:638. [PMID: 33042011 PMCID: PMC7516350 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2020.00638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2020] [Accepted: 08/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer is one of the most lethal cancers worldwide due to its symptoms, early metastasis, and chemoresistance. Thus, the mechanisms contributing to pancreatic cancer progression require further exploration. Circadian rhythms are the daily oscillations of multiple biological processes regulated by an endogenous clock. Several evidences suggest that the circadian clock may play an important role in the cell cycle, cell proliferation and apoptosis. In addition, timing of chemotherapy or radiation treatment can influence the efficacy and toxicity treatment. Here, we revisit the studies on circadian clock as an emerging target for therapy in pancreatic cancer. We highlight those potential circadian genes regulators that are commonly affected in pancreatic cancer according to most recent reports.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- María García-Costela
- Research Unit, Biosanitary Research Institute of Granada, ibs.GRANADA, Granada, Spain
| | - Julia Escudero-Feliú
- Research Unit, Biosanitary Research Institute of Granada, ibs.GRANADA, Granada, Spain
| | - Jose D. Puentes-Pardo
- Research Unit, Biosanitary Research Institute of Granada, ibs.GRANADA, Granada, Spain
- Jose D. Puentes-Pardo
| | - Sara Moreno San Juán
- Cytometry and Michroscopy Research Service, Biosanitary Research Institute of Granada, ibs.GRANADA, Granada, Spain
| | - Sonia Morales-Santana
- Proteomic Research Service, Biosanitary Research Institute of Granada, ibs.GRANADA, Granada, Spain
- Endocrinology Unit, Endocrinology Division, CIBER of Fragility and Healthy Aging (CIBERFES), San Cecilio University Hospital, Granada, Spain
| | - Sandra Ríos-Arrabal
- Research Unit, Biosanitary Research Institute of Granada, ibs.GRANADA, Granada, Spain
- *Correspondence: Sandra Ríos-Arrabal
| | - Ángel Carazo
- Genomic Research Service, Biosanitary Research Institute of Granada, ibs.GRANADA, Granada, Spain
| | - Josefa León
- Research Unit, Biosanitary Research Institute of Granada, ibs.GRANADA, Granada, Spain
- Clinical Management Unit of Digestive Disease, San Cecilio University Hospital, Granada, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Voigt RM, Forsyth CB, Keshavarzian A. Circadian rhythms: a regulator of gastrointestinal health and dysfunction. Expert Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol 2019; 13:411-424. [PMID: 30874451 PMCID: PMC6533073 DOI: 10.1080/17474124.2019.1595588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Circadian rhythms regulate much of gastrointestinal physiology including cell proliferation, motility, digestion, absorption, and electrolyte balance. Disruption of circadian rhythms can have adverse consequences including the promotion of and/or exacerbation of a wide variety of gastrointestinal disorders and diseases. Areas covered: In this review, we evaluate some of the many gastrointestinal functions that are regulated by circadian rhythms and how dysregulation of these functions may contribute to disease. This review also discusses some common gastrointestinal disorders that are known to be influenced by circadian rhythms as well as speculation about the mechanisms by which circadian rhythm disruption promotes dysfunction and disease pathogenesis. We discuss how knowledge of circadian rhythms and the advent of chrono-nutrition, chrono-pharmacology, and chrono-therapeutics might influence clinical practice. Expert opinion: As our knowledge of circadian biology increases, it may be possible to incorporate strategies that take advantage of circadian rhythms and chronotherapy to prevent and/or treat disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Robin M Voigt
- Rush Department of Medicine, Division of Digestive Diseases and Nutrition, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Christopher B Forsyth
- Rush Department of Medicine, Division of Digestive Diseases and Nutrition, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Ali Keshavarzian
- Rush Department of Medicine, Division of Digestive Diseases and Nutrition, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Deng F, Yang K. Current Status of Research on the Period Family of Clock Genes in the Occurrence and Development of Cancer. J Cancer 2019; 10:1117-1123. [PMID: 30854119 PMCID: PMC6400694 DOI: 10.7150/jca.29212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2018] [Accepted: 01/03/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Several physiological activities of organisms are coordinated based on periodic variations of ~24 h, which is called a circadian rhythm. Circadian rhythms, driven by circadian clock genes, play an important role in the regulation of various complex life activities of organisms, in an orderly and coordinated manner. Period (Per)1/2/3 genes are important core clock genes and part of the Per gene family. Current research has demonstrated that the abnormal expression of Per genes and disruption of circadian rhythms can lead to the occurrence and development of cancer; however, the exact mechanism has not yet been elucidated. Further study on this mechanism may lead to the discovery of new, effective therapies for the prevention and treatment of cancer. The present review summarizes the status of current research with regards to the association between the abnormal expression and rhythmic variation of the Per gene family, and carcinogenesis and progression of cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fan Deng
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The First Affliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, 1 Youyi Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing 400016, People's Republic of China
| | - Kai Yang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The First Affliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, 1 Youyi Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing 400016, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Kovač U, Skubic C, Bohinc L, Rozman D, Režen T. Oxysterols and Gastrointestinal Cancers Around the Clock. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2019; 10:483. [PMID: 31379749 PMCID: PMC6653998 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2019.00483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2019] [Accepted: 07/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
This review focuses on the role of oxidized sterols in three major gastrointestinal cancers (hepatocellular carcinoma, pancreatic, and colon cancer) and how the circadian clock affects the carcinogenesis by regulating the lipid metabolism and beyond. While each field of research (cancer, oxysterols, and circadian clock) is well-studied within their specialty, little is known about the intertwining mechanisms and how these influence the disease etiology in each cancer type. Oxysterols are involved in pathology of these cancers, but final conclusions about their protective or damaging effects are elusive, since the effect depends on the type of oxysterol, concentration, and the cell type. Oxysterol concentrations, the expression of key regulators liver X receptors (LXR), farnesoid X receptor (FXR), and oxysterol-binding proteins (OSBP) family are modulated in tumors and plasma of cancer patients, exposing these proteins and selected oxysterols as new potential biomarkers and drug targets. Evidence about how cholesterol/oxysterol pathways are intertwined with circadian clock is building. Identified key contact points are different forms of retinoic acid receptor related orphan receptors (ROR) and LXRs. RORs and LXRs are both regulated by sterols/oxysterols and the circadian clock and in return also regulate the same pathways, representing a complex interplay between sterol metabolism and the clock. With this in mind, in addition to classical therapies to modulate cholesterol in gastrointestinal cancers, such as the statin therapy, the time is ripe also for therapies where time and duration of the drug application is taken as an important factor for successful therapies. The final goal is the personalized approach with chronotherapy for disease management and treatment in order to increase the positive drug effects.
Collapse
|
12
|
Morales-Santana S, Morell S, Leon J, Carazo-Gallego A, Jimenez-Lopez JC, Morell M. An Overview of the Polymorphisms of Circadian Genes Associated With Endocrine Cancer. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2019; 10:104. [PMID: 30873119 PMCID: PMC6401647 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2019.00104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2018] [Accepted: 02/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
A major consequence of the world industrialized lifestyle is the increasing period of unnatural light in environments during the day and artificial lighting at night. This major change disrupts endogenous homeostasis with external circadian cues, which has been associated to higher risk of diseases affecting human health, mainly cancer among others. Circadian disruption promotes tumor development and accelerate its fast progression. The dysregulation mechanisms of circadian genes is greatly affected by the genetic variability of these genes. To date, several core circadian genes, also called circadian clock genes, have been identified, comprising the following: ARNTL, CLOCK, CRY1, CRY2, CSNK1E, NPAS2, NR1D1, NR1D2, PER1, PER2, PER3, RORA, and TIMELESS. The polymorphic variants of these circadian genes might contribute to an individual's risk to cancer. In this short review, we focused on clock circadian clock-related genes, major contributors of the susceptibility to endocrine-dependent cancers through affecting circadian clock, most likely affecting hormonal regulation. We examined polymorphisms affecting breast, prostate and ovarian carcinogenesis, in addition to pancreatic and thyroid cancer. Further study of the genetic composition in circadian clock-controlled tumors will be of great importance by establishing the foundation to discover novel genetic biomarkers for cancer prevention, prognosis and target therapies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sonia Morales-Santana
- Proteomic Research Service, San Cecilio University Hospital, Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria de Granada (Ibs.GRANADA), Granada, Spain
- *Correspondence: Sonia Morales-Santana
| | - Santiago Morell
- Department of Genetics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- Santiago Morell
| | - Josefa Leon
- Clinical Management Unit of Digestive Disease, San Cecilio University Hospital, Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria de Granada (Ibs.GRANADA), Granada, Spain
| | - Angel Carazo-Gallego
- Genomic Research Service, San Cecilio University Hospital, Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria de Granada (Ibs.GRANADA), Granada, Spain
| | - Jose C. Jimenez-Lopez
- Department of Biochemistry, Cell and Molecular Biology of Plants, Estación Experimental del Zaidín, Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), Granada, Spain
- The UWA Institute of Agriculture and School of Agriculture and Environment, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - María Morell
- Genomic Medicine Department, GENYO, Centre for Genomics and Oncological Research, Pfizer/University of Granada, Andalusian Regional Government, PTS Granada, Granada, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Xu H, Wang Z, Mo G, Chen H. Association between circadian gene CLOCK and cisplatin resistance in ovarian cancer cells: A preliminary study. Oncol Lett 2018; 15:8945-8950. [PMID: 29844814 PMCID: PMC5958788 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2018.8488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2016] [Accepted: 07/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study aimed to observe the expression of circadian gene clock circadian regulator (CLOCK) in ovarian cancer cells and the effects of circadian gene CLOCK on cis-dichlorodiamine platinum (cisplatin) resistance in ovarian cancer cells. The expression of CLOCK mRNA and protein in cisplatin-sensitive A2780 and cisplatin-resistant CP70 cells were detected by quantitative polymerase chain reaction and western blot assay. Cisplatin-sensitive A2780 and cisplatin-resistant CP70 cells were treated with different concentrations of cisplatin for 48 h, and the expression of hCLOCK protein in the two types of cells was detected by western blot assay. RNA interference method was used to knock down the expression of CLOCK in cisplatin-resistant CP70 cells. Subsequently, the cisplatin-resistant CP70 cells were treated with cisplatin. The proliferation of cisplatin-resistant CP70 cells was observed following treatment with cisplatin. The expression of CLOCK mRNA was significantly higher in cisplatin-resistant CP70 cells (1.58±0.49) compared with cisplatin-sensitive A2780 cells (0.44±0.13) (P<0.01). Western blot assay results demonstrated that the expression of CLOCK protein was significantly greater in the cisplatin-resistant CP70 cells (1.47±0.34) compared with the cisplatin-sensitive A2780 cells (0.48±0.15) (P<0.01). Following the treatment of A2780 and CP70 cells with cisplatin, CLOCK protein expression increased with an increased concentration of cisplatin, in a dose-dependent manner (P<0.01). Following the knockdown of CLOCK in cisplatin-resistant CP70 cells by RNA interference, cisplatin treatment was able to significantly inhibit the proliferation of cells and induce apoptosis (P<0.01). The expression of circadian gene CLOCK in ovarian cancer cells was strongly associated with cisplatin resistance. The upregulation of circadian gene CLOCK in ovarian cancer cells may reduce its sensitivity to cisplatin treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hai Xu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Huangjiahu Hospital, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, Hubei 430065, P.R. China
| | - Zhiyin Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Huangjiahu Hospital, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, Hubei 430065, P.R. China
| | - Guoyan Mo
- China Key Laboratory of TCM Resource and Prescription, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Ministry of Education, Wuhan, Hubei 430065, P.R. China
| | - Hao Chen
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Jingzhou Central Hospital, Jingzhou, Hubei 434020, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Jiang W, Zhao S, Shen J, Guo L, Sun Y, Zhu Y, Ma Z, Zhang X, Hu Y, Xiao W, Li K, Li S, Zhou L, Huang L, Lu Z, Feng Y, Xiao J, Zhang EE, Yang L, Wan R. The MiR-135b-BMAL1-YY1 loop disturbs pancreatic clockwork to promote tumourigenesis and chemoresistance. Cell Death Dis 2018; 9:149. [PMID: 29396463 PMCID: PMC5833454 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-017-0233-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2017] [Revised: 12/03/2017] [Accepted: 12/12/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Circadian disruption has been implicated in tumour development, but the underlying mechanism remains unclear. Here, we show that the molecular clockwork within malignant human pancreatic epithelium is disrupted and that this disruption is mediated by miR-135b-induced BMAL1 repression. miR-135b directly targets the BMAL1 3'-UTR and thereby disturbs the pancreatic oscillator, and the downregulation of miR-135b is essential for the realignment of the cellular clock. Asynchrony between miR-135b and BMAL1 expression impairs the local circadian gating control of tumour suppression and significantly promotes tumourigenesis and resistance to gemcitabine in pancreatic cancer (PC) cells, as demonstrated by bioinformatics analyses of public PC data sets and in vitro and in vivo functional studies. Moreover, we found that YY1 transcriptionally activated miR-135b and formed a 'miR-135b-BMAL1-YY1' loop, which holds significant predictive and prognostic value for patients with PC. Thus, our work has identified a novel signalling loop that mediates pancreatic clock disruption as an important mechanism of PC progression and chemoresistance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Weiliang Jiang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease, Institute of Pancreatic Disease, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Senlin Zhao
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jia Shen
- Tumour Initiation and Maintenance Program, NCI-designated Cancer Center, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Lihong Guo
- Department of Gastroenterology, Central Hospital of Shengli Oil-field, Dongying, Shandong, China
| | - Yi Sun
- Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuntian Zhu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejing, China
| | - Zhixiong Ma
- National Institute of Biological Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xin Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Zhejiang Province People's Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yangyang Hu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease, Institute of Pancreatic Disease, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Wenqin Xiao
- Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Kai Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease, Institute of Pancreatic Disease, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Sisi Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease, Institute of Pancreatic Disease, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Li Zhou
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease, Institute of Pancreatic Disease, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Li Huang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease, Institute of Pancreatic Disease, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhanjun Lu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease, Institute of Pancreatic Disease, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yun Feng
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease, Institute of Pancreatic Disease, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Junhua Xiao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | | | - Lijuan Yang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease, Institute of Pancreatic Disease, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
| | - Rong Wan
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease, Institute of Pancreatic Disease, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Wu X, Cao N, Fenech M, Wang X. Role of Sirtuins in Maintenance of Genomic Stability: Relevance to Cancer and Healthy Aging. DNA Cell Biol 2016; 35:542-575. [DOI: 10.1089/dna.2016.3280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Xiayu Wu
- School of Life Sciences, The Engineering Research Center of Sustainable Development and Utilization of Biomass Energy, Ministry of Education, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Neng Cao
- School of Life Sciences, The Engineering Research Center of Sustainable Development and Utilization of Biomass Energy, Ministry of Education, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Michael Fenech
- Genome Health and Personalized Nutrition, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization Food and Nutrition, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Xu Wang
- School of Life Sciences, The Engineering Research Center of Sustainable Development and Utilization of Biomass Energy, Ministry of Education, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Soeda J, Mouralidarane A, Cordero P, Li J, Nguyen V, Carter R, Kapur SR, Pombo J, Poston L, Taylor PD, Vinciguerra M, Oben JA. Maternal obesity alters endoplasmic reticulum homeostasis in offspring pancreas. J Physiol Biochem 2016; 72:281-91. [PMID: 26979740 PMCID: PMC4873529 DOI: 10.1007/s13105-016-0476-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2015] [Accepted: 02/29/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The prevalence of non-alcoholic fatty pancreas disease (NAFPD) is increasing in parallel with obesity rates. Stress-related alterations in endoplasmic reticulum (ER), such as the unfolded protein response (UPR), are associated with obesity. The aim of this study was to investigate ER imbalance in the pancreas of a mice model of adult and perinatal diet-induced obesity. Twenty female C57BL/6J mice were assigned to control (Con) or obesogenic (Ob) diets prior to and during pregnancy and lactation. Their offspring were weaned onto Con or Ob diets up to 6 months post-partum. Then, after sacrifice, plasma biochemical analyses, gene expression, and protein concentrations were measured in pancreata. Offspring of Ob-fed mice had significantly increased body weight (p < 0.001) and plasma leptin (p < 0.001) and decreased insulin (p < 0.01) levels. Maternal obesogenic diet decreased the total and phosphorylated Eif2α and increased spliced X-box binding protein 1 (XBP1). Pancreatic gene expression of downstream regulators of UPR (EDEM, homocysteine-responsive endoplasmic reticulum-resident (HERP), activating transcription factor 4 (ATF4), and C/EBP homologous protein (CHOP)) and autophagy-related proteins (LC3BI/LC3BII) were differently disrupted by obesogenic feeding in both mothers and offspring (from p < 0.1 to p < 0.001). Maternal obesity and Ob feeding in their offspring alter UPR in NAFPD, with involvement of proapoptotic and autophagy-related markers. Upstream and downstream regulators of PERK, IRE1α, and ATF6 pathways were affected differently following the obesogenic insults.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jumpei Soeda
- Institute for Liver and Digestive Health, University College London, London, UK
| | | | - Paul Cordero
- Institute for Liver and Digestive Health, University College London, London, UK
| | - Jiawei Li
- Institute for Liver and Digestive Health, University College London, London, UK
| | - Vi Nguyen
- Institute for Liver and Digestive Health, University College London, London, UK
| | - Rebeca Carter
- Institute for Liver and Digestive Health, University College London, London, UK
| | - Sabrina R Kapur
- Institute for Liver and Digestive Health, University College London, London, UK
| | - Joaquim Pombo
- Division of Women's Health, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Lucilla Poston
- Division of Women's Health, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Paul D Taylor
- Division of Women's Health, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Manlio Vinciguerra
- Institute for Liver and Digestive Health, University College London, London, UK.
- International Clinical Research Center (ICRC), Center for Translational Medicine (CTM), St. Anne's University Hospital, Brno, Czech Republic.
- Centro Studi Fegato (CSF)-Liver Research Center, Fondazione Italiana Fegato, Trieste, Italy.
| | - Jude A Oben
- Institute for Liver and Digestive Health, University College London, London, UK.
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Guy's and St Thomas' Hospital, NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Li W, Liu L, Liu D, Jin S, Yang Y, Tang W, Gong L. Decreased circadian component Bmal1 predicts tumor progression and poor prognosis in human pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2016; 472:156-62. [PMID: 26915801 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2016.02.087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2016] [Accepted: 02/21/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The circadian clock has been demonstrated playing important roles in human tumorigenic process; however, the detailed clinical implications of circadian disruption on tumors have not been well understood. In this study, we investigated the expression pattern of Bmal1, the core component of the circadian system, in human pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDA). Our immunohistochemistry analysis showed that the protein level of Bmal1 was significantly decreased in tumor tissues from 87 patients with PDA compared with adjacent non-cancerous tissues. Low Bmal1 expression was associated with the TNM/clinical stage, histological differentiation, and vascular invasion of PDA; but no significant relevance to patient age, gender, the tumor location, or the size. Furthermore, Kaplan-Meier survival analysis revealed that PDA patients with low Bmal1 expression had shorter overall survival (OS) times as well as disease-free times (DFS) compared to the patients with high Bmal1 expression. Lastly, univariate and multivariate analyses identified low Bmal1 expression as an independent prognostic factor for poor survival outcome for patients with PDA. Collectively, our present study demonstrated that the decreased expression of Bmal1 is correlated with the tumor progression and poor prognosis in human PDA, which implicated its potential to be used as a biomarker for diagnosis and prognosis of PDA.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wenhua Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Affiliated Wuxi Second People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, No 68, Zhong Shan Road, Wuxi, 214002, China.
| | - Ling Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Affiliated Wuxi Second People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, No 68, Zhong Shan Road, Wuxi, 214002, China.
| | - Di Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Affiliated Wuxi Second People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, No 68, Zhong Shan Road, Wuxi, 214002, China.
| | - Shimao Jin
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Affiliated Wuxi Second People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, No 68, Zhong Shan Road, Wuxi, 214002, China.
| | - Yisha Yang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Affiliated Wuxi Second People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, No 68, Zhong Shan Road, Wuxi, 214002, China.
| | - Wei Tang
- Department of Pathology, The Affiliated Wuxi Second People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, No 68, Zhong Shan Road, Wuxi, 214002, China.
| | - Lei Gong
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Affiliated Wuxi Second People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, No 68, Zhong Shan Road, Wuxi, 214002, China.
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Jiang W, Zhao S, Jiang X, Zhang E, Hu G, Hu B, Zheng P, Xiao J, Lu Z, Lu Y, Ni J, Chen C, Wang X, Yang L, Wan R. The circadian clock gene Bmal1 acts as a potential anti-oncogene in pancreatic cancer by activating the p53 tumor suppressor pathway. Cancer Lett 2016; 371:314-25. [PMID: 26683776 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2015.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2015] [Revised: 12/02/2015] [Accepted: 12/02/2015] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Disruption of the circadian clock has been shown to be associated with tumor development. This study aimed to investigate the role of the core circadian gene Bmal1 in pancreatic cancer (PC). We first found that the levels of Bmal1 were downregulated in PC samples and were closely correlated with the clinicopathological features of patients. To dissect the underlying mechanism, we performed a RNA-seq assay followed by systematic gene function and pathway enrichment analyses. We detected an anti-apoptotic and pro-proliferative transcriptome profile after Bmal1 knockdown in PC cells. Further in vitro and in vivo studies confirmed that Bmal1 overexpression significantly inhibited cell proliferation and invasion and induced G2/M cell cycle arrest, whereas Bmal1 knockdown promoted PC growth, as demonstrated in Bmal1-manipulated AsPC-1 and BxPC-3 cell lines. Our mechanistic studies indicated that Bmal1 could directly bind to the p53 gene promoter and thereby transcriptionally activate the downstream tumor suppressor pathway in a p53-dependent manner. In sum, our findings suggest that Bmal1 acts as an anti-oncogene in PC and represents a potential biomarker for its diagnosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Weiliang Jiang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Senlin Zhao
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaohua Jiang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Erquan Zhang
- National Institute of Biological Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Guoyong Hu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Bin Hu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ping Zheng
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Junhua Xiao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhanjun Lu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yingying Lu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jianbo Ni
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Congying Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xingpeng Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lijuan Yang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Rong Wan
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW The circadian clock is an intricate biological timekeeper that is subject to fine-tuning mechanisms in order to maintain synchrony with the surrounding environment. One such mechanism is performed by the mammalian sirtuins that provide plasticity to the circadian clock by sensing cellular metabolic state. The sirtuins modulate the circadian epigenome and subsequent transcriptional control, and alterations to this organized system manifest in metabolic consequences, aging phenotypes and possibly cancer. RECENT FINDINGS New information regarding sirtuin-dependent control of the circadian clock has emerged. In addition to sirtuin (SIRT)1 and SIRT3, SIRT6 has been demonstrated as a critical regulator of circadian transcription that also serves as an interface with metabolic homeostasis. Also, new metabolic functions of SIRT1 have been described in the brain, which are critical to relay nutritional inputs to the central clock. SUMMARY This review focuses on the link between the circadian clock and the sirtuins, with an emphasis on new findings. In addition, speculation on the possible connections at the physiological level will be made that could further link the clock to aging and cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Selma Masri
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Center for Epigenetics and Metabolism, University of California, Irvine, California, USA
| |
Collapse
|