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Li J, Guo B, Du Z. Evaluation of orderliness of underground workplace system based on occupational ergonomics: A case study in Guangzhou and Chengdu metro depots. Work 2024; 78:687-703. [PMID: 38277322 DOI: 10.3233/wor-230017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND An underground workplace (UGW) is a complex system with multiple subsystems that interact with each other. However, the research on UGW from a systemic perspective has not received due attention. OBJECTIVE This study constructs an evaluation approach to the orderliness of UGW and systematically evaluates the UGW with Guangzhou and Chengdu metro depots as case studies. METHODS First, the evaluation index system is established based on occupational ergonomics. Second, the system entropy model is constructed based on information entropy. Third, a dissipative structure judgment model is built based on the Brusselator. Fourth, the orderliness evaluation model is constructed based on information entropy and synergetics. RESULTS The UGW of the metro depot has not yet reached the dissipative structure and is in a medium-order state. But the system is in the trend of orderly development. The entropy increase caused by the physical environment and health status is the main obstacle for the system to move toward order. The equipment configuration is an essential source of system negative entropy. The coordination between equipment configuration, health status, and physical environment is low, and that of work effectiveness, equipment aging and failure, and organizational environment is high. CONCLUSIONS Equipment configuration cannot fully cope with the harsh physical environment and meet the needs of underground workers. Safety security equipment has more room for improvement. Humanized support facilities can introduce more negative entropy to the system. Organizational intervention can reduce the negative impact of adverse factors on the system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianna Li
- School of Management, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, China
| | - Bin Guo
- School of Public Administration, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, China
| | - Zhoubo Du
- China Railway First Survey and Design Institute Group Co., Ltd., Xi'an, China
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Oliveira MAB, de Abreu ACOV, Constantino DB, Tonon AC, Díez-Noguera A, Amaral FG, Hidalgo MP. Taking biological rhythms into account: From study design to results reporting. Physiol Behav 2024; 273:114387. [PMID: 37884108 DOI: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2023.114387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Revised: 09/22/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023]
Abstract
Numerous physiological and behavioral processes in living organisms exhibit strong rhythmicity and are regulated within a 24-hour cycle. These include locomotor activity and sleep patterns, feeding-fasting cycles, hormone synthesis, body temperature, and even mood and cognitive abilities, all of which are segregated into different phases throughout the day. These processes are governed by the internal timing system, a hierarchical multi-oscillator structure conserved across all organisms, from bacteria to humans. Circadian rhythms have been seen across multiple taxonomic kingdoms. In mammals, a hierarchical internal timing system is comprised of so-called central and periphereal clocks. Although these rhythms are intrinsic, they are under environmental influences, such as seasonal temperature changes, photoperiod variations, and day-night cycles. Recognizing the existence of biological rhythms and their primary external influences is crucial when designing and reporting experiments. Neglecting these physiological variations may result in inconsistent findings and misinterpretations. Thus, here we propose to incorporate biological rhythms into all stages of human and animal research, including experiment design, analysis, and reporting of findings. We also provide a flowchart to support decision-making during the design process, considering biological rhythmicity, along with a checklist outlining key factors that should be considered and documented throughout the study. This comprehensive approach not only benefits the field of chronobiology but also holds value for various other research disciplines. The insights gained from this study have the potential to enhance the validity, reproducibility, and overall quality of scientific investigations, providing valuable guidance for planning, developing, and communicating scientific studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa Alves Braga Oliveira
- Laboratório de Cronobiologia e Sono do Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil; Graduate Program in Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Ana Carolina Odebrecht Vergne de Abreu
- Laboratório de Cronobiologia e Sono do Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | | | - André C Tonon
- Laboratório de Cronobiologia e Sono do Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil; Graduate Program in Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Antoni Díez-Noguera
- Department de Bioquimica i Fisiologia, Facultat de Farmàcia i Ciències de l'Alimentació, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Maria Paz Hidalgo
- Laboratório de Cronobiologia e Sono do Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil; Graduate Program in Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.
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3
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Wang W, Hao Z, Wu Z, Cui J, Liu H. Long-term artificial/natural daytime light affects mood, melatonin, corticosterone, and gut microbiota in rats. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2023; 107:2689-2705. [PMID: 36912904 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-023-12446-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Revised: 02/02/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/14/2023]
Abstract
The desynchronization of circadian rhythms affected by light may induce physiological and psychological disequilibrium. We aimed to elucidate changes of growth, depression-anxiety like behaviors, melatonin and corticosterone (CORT) secretion, and gut microbiota in rats influenced by long-term light inputs. Thirty male Sprague-Dawley rats were exposed to a 16/8 h light/dark regime for 8 weeks. The light period was set to 13 h of daylight with artificial light (AL group, n = 10), or with natural light (NL group, n = 10), or with mixed artificial-natural light (ANL group, n = 10), and 3 h of artificial night light after sunset. The obtained findings indicated that the highest weight gain and food efficiency were observed in the AL group and the lowest in NL group. In the behavioral tests, the NL and ANL groups showed lower anxiety level than AL group, and ANL groups showed lower depression level than AL group. The NL and ANL groups had delayed acrophases and maintained higher concentrations of melatonin compared to AL group. The circadian rhythm of CORT was only found in ANL group. At the phylum level, the mixed light contributed to a lower abundance of Bacteroidetes. The genus level results recommend a synergistic effect of artificial light and natural light on Lactobacillus abundance and an antagonistic effect on the Lachnospiraceae_NK4A136_group abundance. The study indicated that the mixture of artificial and natural light as well as the alignment of the proportions had beneficial influences on depression-anxiety-like levels, melatonin and corticosterone secretion, and the composition of the gut microbiota. KEY POINTS: • The mixed light can reduce the depression-anxiety level • The mixed light can maintain the secretion rhythm of melatonin and CORT • The mixed light can increase Lactobacillus and decrease Lachnospiraceae_NK4A136_group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Wang
- Institute of Environmental Biology and Life Support Technology, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, 100083, China
- Institute of Medical Psychology, Faculty of Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilian-University of Munich, 80336, Munich, Germany
| | - Zikai Hao
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine and Biotherapy, Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, School of Life Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China.
| | - Zizhou Wu
- Institute of Environmental Biology and Life Support Technology, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Jingwei Cui
- Institute of Environmental Biology and Life Support Technology, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Hong Liu
- Institute of Environmental Biology and Life Support Technology, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, 100083, China.
- International Joint Research Center of Aerospace Biotechnology & Medical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, 100083, China.
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4
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Cheng X, Yan Y, Hu T, Lv Y, Zeng Y. A review of the effect of the light environment of the VDT workspace on the "learning to learn" effect of video game training. Front Neurosci 2023; 17:1093602. [PMID: 36908803 PMCID: PMC9998512 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2023.1093602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2022] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 03/14/2023] Open
Abstract
In recent years, the role of video games in enhancing brain plasticity and learning ability has been verified, and this learning transfer is known as the "learning to learn" effect of video game training. At the same time, against the background of healthy lighting, the influence of non-visual effects of light environment on the human rhythmic system has been gradually confirmed. As a special operation form of Visual Display Terminal (VDT) operation, video game training has a high dependence on VDT equipment and the VDT screen, and the background usually has a huge difference in brightness. Compared with the light environment of ordinary operation space, the light environment of VDT operation space is more complex. This complex light environment's non-visual effects cause human emotions, alertness, fatigue, cognitive ability, and other changes, which may affect the efficiency of the "learning to learn" effect of video game training. This article focuses on the impact of the light environment in the VDT workspace on the "learning to learn" effect of video game training. It first traces the factors that trigger the "learning to learn" effect of video game training, that is, the improvement of people's attention, perception, and cognitive ability. Then, the influencing mechanism and the evaluation method of the VDT workspace space light environment on the human rhythm system are discussed based on the basic theory of photobiological effect. In addition, the VDT display lighting light time pattern, photophysical properties, regulation, and protection mechanism on the human rhythm system are studied to demonstrate the VDT workspace light environment's special characteristics. Finally, combined with the progress of artificial lighting technology and the research results of health lighting, given the "learning to learn" effect of video game training, some thoughts on the design of the light environment of the workplace and future research directions are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Cheng
- Faculty of Architecture and Urban Planning, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education of Mountainous City and Towns Construction and New Technology, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yonghong Yan
- Faculty of Architecture and Urban Planning, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education of Mountainous City and Towns Construction and New Technology, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
| | - Tao Hu
- Faculty of Architecture and Urban Planning, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education of Mountainous City and Towns Construction and New Technology, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yinghui Lv
- Faculty of Architecture and Urban Planning, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education of Mountainous City and Towns Construction and New Technology, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yue Zeng
- Faculty of Architecture and Urban Planning, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education of Mountainous City and Towns Construction and New Technology, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
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5
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Lee S, Salvador C, Tuel A, Vicedo-Cabrera AM. Exploring the association between precipitation and hospital admission for mental disorders in Switzerland between 2009 and 2019. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0283200. [PMID: 37093854 PMCID: PMC10124868 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0283200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2022] [Accepted: 03/03/2023] [Indexed: 04/25/2023] Open
Abstract
While several studies proved the relationship between increasing temperatures and poor mental health, limited evidence exists on the effect of other weather factors, such as precipitation. This study assessed the impact of precipitation on hospital admissions for mental disorders in Switzerland between 2009-2019. We defined different precipitation events based on the duration (daily precipitation ≥1mm for 2, 3, or 4 days; PP.2/PP.3/PP.4) and intensity (≥90th percentile for 2 consecutive days; PEP90.2). First, we conducted aggregated time-stratified case-crossover analysis in eight main Swiss cities with distributed lag models to assess the association up to 3 days after the exposure. Then, we pooled the estimates in each city using a multivariate random effects meta-analysis for all hospital admissions and by subgroups (sex, age, diagnosis). Evidence of an association between precipitation and hospital admission for mental disorders was not found in Switzerland (PP.2: 1.003[0.978-1.029]; PP.3: 1.005[0.985-1.026]; PP.4: 0.994[0.960-1.030]; PEP90.2: 1.000[0.953-1.050]). Although the results were highly uncertain, we found an indication of increasing risks of hospital admission with increasing intensity of precipitation in warmer seasons (PP.2: 1.001[0.971-1.032] vs PEP90.2: 1.014[0.955-1.078]), while the risks of hospital admission slightly increased by the duration in colder season (PP.2: 1.009[0.981-1.039]; PP.3: 1.008[0.980-1.036]; PP.4: 1.017[0.956-1.081]). Overall, risks tend to be higher in people aged < 65 years. Duration of the events may influence more than intensity in females, while opposite patterns were observed in males. Risks tended to be larger but still uncertain for schizophrenia, mood disorders, and adult personality disorders. An indication of a negative association was found in neurotic disorders and null risks in the remaining groups. Although our findings did not show a clear association between precipitation and mental disorders, further research is required to clarify the role of precipitation and the potential implications of climate change and extreme precipitation events on mental health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sujung Lee
- Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- Oeschger Center for Climate Change Research, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Coral Salvador
- Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- Oeschger Center for Climate Change Research, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- Environmental Physics Laboratory (EPhysLab), Centro de Investigación Mariña, Universidade de Vigo, Ourense, Spain
| | - Alexandre Tuel
- Oeschger Center for Climate Change Research, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- Institute of Geography, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Ana Maria Vicedo-Cabrera
- Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- Oeschger Center for Climate Change Research, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
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6
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Bergefurt L, Weijs-Perrée M, Appel-Meulenbroek R, Arentze T, de Kort Y. Satisfaction with activity-support and physical home-workspace characteristics in relation to mental health during the COVID-19 pandemic. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL PSYCHOLOGY 2022; 81:101826. [PMID: 35664454 PMCID: PMC9135482 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvp.2022.101826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2021] [Revised: 02/03/2022] [Accepted: 05/22/2022] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Previous research indicates that employees' mental health might be influenced by their satisfaction with physical office characteristics, such as noise, daylight, and ventilation. However, similar research on mental health in relation to working from home (WFH) is limited. Therefore, this study aimed to identify the relationships between satisfaction with physical home workspace characteristics and support of work activities and mental health while WFH during the COVID-19 pandemic. Relationships were analysed using a path analysis approach, based on a sample of 1219 office workers, who had to work fully from home. The internal relationships between the ten considered mental health variables were also studied. Results showed that satisfaction with daylight, artificial light, greenery, and views outside were directly related to one of the mental health variables and indirectly to several others. Surprisingly, satisfaction with temperature, noise, ventilation, and air quality did not seem to play a role at the home workplace. In addition, unlike at the office, personal characteristics did not relate to workspace satisfaction nor perceived support of activities at home. Furthermore, all mental health variables were related to at least one other mental health variable. Workplace managers could use these insights to formulate recommendations for employees on how to design their home-workspace.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisanne Bergefurt
- Faculty of the Built Environment, Eindhoven University of Technology, 5600MB, Eindhoven, the Netherlands
| | - Minou Weijs-Perrée
- Faculty of the Built Environment, Eindhoven University of Technology, 5600MB, Eindhoven, the Netherlands
| | - Rianne Appel-Meulenbroek
- Faculty of the Built Environment, Eindhoven University of Technology, 5600MB, Eindhoven, the Netherlands
| | - Theo Arentze
- Faculty of the Built Environment, Eindhoven University of Technology, 5600MB, Eindhoven, the Netherlands
| | - Yvonne de Kort
- Faculty of Innovation Sciences, Eindhoven University of Technology, 5600MB, Eindhoven, the Netherlands
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7
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John B, Marath U, Valappil SP, Mathew D, Renjitha M. Sleep Pattern Changes and the Level of Fatigue Reported in a Community Sample of Adults During COVID-19 Pandemic. SLEEP AND VIGILANCE 2022; 6:297-312. [PMID: 35756155 PMCID: PMC9207167 DOI: 10.1007/s41782-022-00210-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2022] [Revised: 05/10/2022] [Accepted: 05/29/2022] [Indexed: 04/18/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The study aimed to (a) assess the sleep pattern changes and the level of fatigue among COVID positive adults (b) determine the association of sociodemographic and lifestyle factors (age, gender, marital status, occupation, income, exercise, nap, diet, and comorbidities) on sleep pattern and level of fatigue c) examine the relationship between sleep and fatigue, and between sleep problems, sleep quality and fatigue, among a community sample of COVID-19 affected adults. METHODS A non-experimental, descriptive, cross-sectional survey design was used. Participants were adults, between 18 and 63 years (n = 782), who tested positive for COVID-19 infection using RT-PCR or Antigen test, confined to home quarantine/under observation, and without any complications. Data was collected using the socio-demographic-sleep and related activity questionnaire, Fatigue Assessment Scale, and Sleep Quality Scale. RESULTS A majority of the participants reported either mild to moderate sleep quality problems (97.31%) and 377 of them (48.21%) reported fatigue levels. A significant association between sleep quality and fatigue with gender, and lifestyle factors such as sleep duration, food intake, napping, exercise pattern, and influence of COVID-19 on livelihood after being affected with COVID-19, and time of experiencing sleep problems after COVID-19 infection (all, p ˂ 0.01) were observed, as well as age with sleep quality. Poor sleep quality and fatigue were significantly correlated with each other, and also with sleep problems before being affected with COVID-19 (p = 0.000). CONCLUSIONS The study has shown that COVID-19 has an effect on an individual's demographic factors and a multitude of lifestyle factors, and highlights the need for post-COVID-19 monitoring even after recovery from the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bindu John
- Community Health Nursing Department, Lisie College of Nursing, Lisie Medical and Educational Institutions, Kaloor, Ernakulam, District- 682018 Kerala India
| | - Usha Marath
- Lisie College of Nursing, Lisie Medical and Educational Institutions, Kaloor, Ernakulam, District-682018 Kerala India
| | - Sumathi Palghat Valappil
- Child Health Department, Lisie College of Nursing, Lisie Medical and Educational Institutions, Kaloor, Ernakulam, District-682018 Kerala India
| | - Deepa Mathew
- Medical Surgical Nursing Department, Lisie College of Nursing, Lisie Medical and Educational Institutions, Kaloor, Ernakulam, District-682018 Kerala India
| | - Mercy Renjitha
- Medical Surgical Nursing Department, Lisie College of Nursing, Lisie Medical and Educational Institutions, Kaloor, Ernakulam, District-682018 Kerala India
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De Young KP, Bottera AR, Kambanis PE. Sleep/waketime preference and delayed diurnal eating rhythms are associated through light exposure timing and modified by sleep efficiency. Appetite 2021; 170:105904. [PMID: 34968560 DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2021.105904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2021] [Revised: 11/17/2021] [Accepted: 12/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Delayed eating rhythms, relative to the sleep/wake period, commonly manifest as a lack of hunger in the morning (morning anorexia) and elevated hunger in the late evening (evening hyperphagia). These intake patterns are associated with adverse mental and physical health outcomes. We aimed to evaluate whether the timing of light exposure, an important environmental signal for circadian synchronization, explains the link between sleep/waketime preferences and delayed diurnal appetite. We also aimed to test whether disruptions in sleep quality, reflecting suboptimal circadian synchronization, identify individuals for whom sleep/waketime preference is associated with delayed diurnal appetite. Participants (N = 150) completed a measure of their sleep/waketime preferences and wore a device to capture their sleep efficiency and naturalistic light exposure for 48 consecutive hours. The timing of light exposure mediated the link between sleep/waketime preferences and evening hyperphagia, but not morning anorexia, such that a later peak in light exposure mitigated some of the risk for evening hyperphagia that was associated with later sleep/waketime preferences. Sleep efficiency moderated the association between sleep/waketime preference and morning anorexia, but not evening hyperphagia. Earlier sleep/waketime preference was associated with less morning anorexia among individuals with high sleep efficiency, but morning anorexia was consistently elevated among individuals with poor sleep efficiency. These results on the relation between sleep/waketime preference and two aspects of delayed diurnal appetite suggest that morning anorexia depends on sleep efficiency and evening hyperphagia may be influenced by the timing of daily light exposure. Future research should assess over longer periods, covering weekdays and weekends, and incorporate momentary reports of meals/snacks and appetite.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyle P De Young
- Department of Psychology, University of Wyoming, Laramie, WY, USA.
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9
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Burns AC, Saxena R, Vetter C, Phillips AJK, Lane JM, Cain SW. Time spent in outdoor light is associated with mood, sleep, and circadian rhythm-related outcomes: A cross-sectional and longitudinal study in over 400,000 UK Biobank participants. J Affect Disord 2021; 295:347-352. [PMID: 34488088 PMCID: PMC8892387 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2021.08.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2021] [Revised: 07/29/2021] [Accepted: 08/21/2021] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Light has powerful effects on mood, sleep, and the circadian system. Humans evolved in an environment with a clear distinction between day and night, but our modern environments have blurred this distinction. Negative effects of light exposure at night have been well characterized. The importance of daytime light exposure has been less well characterized. Here we examine the cross-sectional and longitudinal associations of time spent in daytime outdoor light with mood, sleep, and circadian-related outcomes. METHODS Participants were drawn from the UK Biobank cohort, a large study of UK adults (n = 502,000; 37-73 years old; 54% women). RESULTS UK Biobank participants reported spending a median of 2.5 daylight hours (IQR = 1.5-3.5 h) outdoors per day. Each additional hour spent outdoors during the day was associated with lower odds of lifetime major depressive disorder (95% CI OR:0.92-0.98), antidepressant usage (OR:0.92-0.98), less frequent anhedonia (OR:0.93-0.96) and low mood (OR:0.87-0.90), greater happiness (OR:1.41-1.48) and lower neuroticism (incident rate ratio, IRR:0.95-0.96), independent of demographic, lifestyle, and employment covariates. In addition, each hour of daytime light was associated with greater ease of getting up (OR:1.46-1.49), less frequent tiredness (OR:0.80-0.82), fewer insomnia symptoms (OR:0.94-0.97), and earlier chronotype (adjusted odds ratio; OR:0.75-0.77). Auto-Regressive Cross-Lagged (ARCL) models were used to examine the longitudinal association of time spent in outdoor light at baseline with later mood-, sleep- and circadian-related outcomes reported at time point 2. Overall, longitudinal associations support cross-sectional findings, though generally with smaller effect sizes. LIMITATIONS Future studies that examine the intensity of daytime light exposure at the ocular level are needed. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that low daytime light exposure is an important environmental risk factor for mood, sleep, and circadian-related outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angus C Burns
- School of Psychological Sciences and Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Richa Saxena
- Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care, and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA USA; Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute, Cambridge, MA USA; The Division of Sleep and Circadian Disorders, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA USA
| | - Céline Vetter
- Department of Integrative Physiology, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - Andrew J K Phillips
- School of Psychological Sciences and Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Jacqueline M Lane
- Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care, and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA USA; Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute, Cambridge, MA USA; The Division of Sleep and Circadian Disorders, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA USA
| | - Sean W Cain
- School of Psychological Sciences and Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
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10
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Jolly AJ. Comment on "Changes in sleep pattern and sleep quality during COVID-19 lockdown". Indian J Psychiatry 2021; 63:511-512. [PMID: 34789943 PMCID: PMC8522605 DOI: 10.4103/indianjpsychiatry.indianjpsychiatry_1151_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2020] [Accepted: 07/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Amal Joseph Jolly
- Department of Psychiatry, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India E-mail:
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Papatsimpa C, Schlangen LJM, Smolders KCHJ, Linnartz JPMG, de Kort YAW. The interindividual variability of sleep timing and circadian phase in humans is influenced by daytime and evening light conditions. Sci Rep 2021; 11:13709. [PMID: 34211005 PMCID: PMC8249410 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-92863-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2021] [Accepted: 06/17/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Human cognitive functioning shows circadian variations throughout the day. However, individuals largely differ in their timing during the day of when they are more capable of performing specific tasks and when they prefer to sleep. These interindividual differences in preferred temporal organization of sleep and daytime activities define the chronotype. Since a late chronotype is associated with adverse mental and physical consequences, it is of vital importance to study how lighting environments affect chronotype. Here, we use a mathematical model of the human circadian pacemaker to understand how light in the built environment changes the chronotype distribution in the population. In line with experimental findings, we show that when individuals spend their days in relatively dim light conditions, this not only results in a later phase of their biological clock but also increases interindividual differences in circadian phase angle of entrainment and preferred sleep timing. Increasing daytime illuminance results in a more narrow distribution of sleep timing and circadian phase, and this effect is more pronounced for longer photoperiods. The model results demonstrate that modern lifestyle changes the chronotype distribution towards more eveningness and more extreme differences in eveningness. Such model-based predictions can be used to design guidelines for workplace lighting that help limiting circadian phase differences, and craft new lighting strategies that support human performance, health and wellbeing.
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Affiliation(s)
- C. Papatsimpa
- grid.6852.90000 0004 0398 8763Department of Electrical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - L. J. M. Schlangen
- grid.6852.90000 0004 0398 8763Department of Industrial Engineering and Innovation Sciences, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - K. C. H. J. Smolders
- grid.6852.90000 0004 0398 8763Department of Industrial Engineering and Innovation Sciences, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - J.-P. M. G. Linnartz
- grid.6852.90000 0004 0398 8763Department of Electrical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, The Netherlands ,grid.510043.3Signify, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Y. A. W. de Kort
- grid.6852.90000 0004 0398 8763Department of Industrial Engineering and Innovation Sciences, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
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12
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Suriyampola PS, Lopez M, Suárez-Rodríguez M, Ellsworth BE, Conroy-Ben O, Martins EP. Co-occurring environmental stressors have emerging impacts on sensory-motor behavior. Integr Comp Biol 2021; 61:1191-1201. [PMID: 34086909 DOI: 10.1093/icb/icab122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Anthropogenic activities often lead to alterations in the natural environment via multiple routes. Simultaneous occurrence of interacting environmental perturbations may influence animals via more complex pathways than when being exposed to environmental stressors discretely. In our study, we investigated the interactive effects of poor visual environment and exposure to an environmentally realistic concentration of a common contaminant on the behavior of larval zebrafish, Danio rerio. Specifically, we tested the sensory-motor behavior of zebrafish larvae by exposing them to low-light conditions and a low concentration of Bisphenol-A (BPA) for 7 days post-fertilization. We found that zebrafish exposed to both BPA and low-light conditions had significantly weaker response to a moving-visual cue. However, those exposed to only one of these treatments did not have altered response to visual cues. Since the response to a moving, visual cue involves locomotion, we also examined the distance they traveled as a proxy for activity level of individuals across treatments. However, the distance traveled by individuals did not significantly differ across treatments, suggesting that the differences in response are linked to visual sensory pathways. Here, we emphasize that the adverse effects of environmental stressors, particularly of those that occur at environmentally relevant concentrations, may emerge only when they co-occur with another environmental stressor. These findings highlight the need to incorporate multiple environmental stressors to comprehensively assess impacts that human activities have on behavioral strategies of animals.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Melissa Lopez
- School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona, USA
| | | | | | - Otakuye Conroy-Ben
- School of Sustainable Engineering and the Built Environment, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona, USA
| | - Emília P Martins
- School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona, USA
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13
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Bossaller J, Oprean D, Urban A, Riedel N. A happy ambience: Incorporating ba and flow in library design. JOURNAL OF ACADEMIC LIBRARIANSHIP 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.acalib.2020.102228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
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14
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Xu C, Wu W, Peng-Li D, Xu P, Sun D, Wan B. Intraday weather conditions can influence self-report of depressive symptoms. J Psychiatr Res 2020; 123:194-200. [PMID: 32086180 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2020.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2019] [Revised: 02/06/2020] [Accepted: 02/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The weather is arguably one of the most common topics in daily conversation. However, it is also a well-known factor in psychiatric problems worldwide such as depression, where particularly elders and females are prone to the condition. Previous studies have mostly focused on the association between long-term climate/season change and depressive symptoms to test the belief that people feel depressed when the weather is bad. Yet, little is known about the relationship between intraday weather conditions and depressive symptoms. This study aimed to decompose this association and explore age and gender differences in depressive symptoms' report under different intraday weather conditions. We analyzed data with a total sample size of 20,987 individuals aged 15-96 years obtained via the China Labor-force Dynamic Survey (CLDS) project in 2016. The surveyors filled in the intraday weather conditions (i.e., sunny, cloudy, overcast, light rain, moderate rain, and heavy rain) in the questionnaire with depression being self-reported using the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression (CES-D) Scale. In the survey, 17.3% [95% confidence interval (CI) = 16.8%, 17.8%] individuals were assessed to have depressive symptoms (CES-D scores >15). Overcast day was the peak weather condition for depressive symptoms, while gender and age differences of depressive symptoms were biggest in the weather condition of moderate rain. Multivariate logistic regression revealed that female and middle-old age individuals were more likely to report having depressive symptoms, and people under overcast day were more likely to report having depressive symptoms compared to under sunny day [odds ratio (OR) = 1.25, 95%CI = 1.11, 1.39]. This intraday weather conditions-depression link was significant in males and middle-old age individuals but not in females and youngsters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caijuan Xu
- Jiangmen Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Jiangmen, China
| | - Weijia Wu
- Department of Continuing Education, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China; School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Danni Peng-Li
- Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China; Sino-Danish Center for Education and Research, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China; Department of Food Science, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Peilin Xu
- School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Dong Sun
- School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Bin Wan
- Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China; School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.
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15
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Parkinson’s disease and light: The bright and the Dark sides. Brain Res Bull 2019; 150:290-296. [DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2019.06.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2019] [Revised: 06/11/2019] [Accepted: 06/14/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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16
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de Oliveira MAB, Scop M, Abreu ACO, Sanches PRS, Rossi AC, Díez-Noguera A, Calcagnotto ME, Hidalgo MP. Entraining effects of variations in light spectral composition on the rest-activity rhythm of a nocturnal rodent. Chronobiol Int 2019; 36:934-944. [DOI: 10.1080/07420528.2019.1599008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Melissa A. B. de Oliveira
- Laboratório de Cronobiologia e Sono (BRAIN), Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA), Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Psiquiatria e Ciências do Comportamento, Faculdade de Medicina, UFRGS, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Marina Scop
- Laboratório de Cronobiologia e Sono (BRAIN), Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA), Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Ana Carolina Odebrecht Abreu
- Laboratório de Cronobiologia e Sono (BRAIN), Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA), Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | | | - Augusto Camargo Rossi
- Biomedical Engineering Department, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA), Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Antoni Díez-Noguera
- Department de Bioquimica i Fisiologia, Facultat de Farmàcia i Ciències de l’Alimentació, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Maria Elisa Calcagnotto
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica, Departamento de Bioquímica, UFRGS, Porto Alegre, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Neurociências, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, UFRGS, Porto Alegre, Brazil
- Laboratório de Neurofisiologia e Neuroquímica da Excitabilidade Neuronal e Plasticidade Sináptica, Departamento de Bioquímica, UFRGS, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Maria Paz Hidalgo
- Laboratório de Cronobiologia e Sono (BRAIN), Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA), Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Psiquiatria e Ciências do Comportamento, Faculdade de Medicina, UFRGS, Porto Alegre, Brazil
- Departamento de Psiquiatria e Medicina Legal, Faculdade de Medicina, UFRGS, Porto Alegre, Brazil
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17
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Wams EJ, Woelders T, Marring I, van Rosmalen L, Beersma DGM, Gordijn MCM, Hut RA. Linking Light Exposure and Subsequent Sleep: A Field Polysomnography Study in Humans. Sleep 2018; 40:4439587. [PMID: 29040758 PMCID: PMC5806586 DOI: 10.1093/sleep/zsx165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Study objectives To determine the effect of light exposure on subsequent sleep characteristics under ambulatory field conditions. Methods Twenty healthy participants were fitted with ambulatory polysomnography (PSG) and wrist-actigraphs to assess light exposure, rest–activity, sleep quality, timing, and architecture. Laboratory salivary dim-light melatonin onset was analyzed to determine endogenous circadian phase. Results Later circadian clock phase was associated with lower intensity (R2 = 0.34, χ2(1) = 7.19, p < .01), later light exposure (quadratic, controlling for daylength, R2 = 0.47, χ2(3) = 32.38, p < .0001), and to later sleep timing (R2 = 0.71, χ2(1) = 20.39, p < .0001). Those with later first exposure to more than 10 lux of light had more awakenings during subsequent sleep (controlled for daylength, R2 = 0.36, χ2(2) = 8.66, p < .05). Those with later light exposure subsequently had a shorter latency to first rapid eye movement (REM) sleep episode (R2 = 0.21, χ2(1) = 5.77, p < .05). Those with less light exposure subsequently had a higher percentage of REM sleep (R2 = 0.43, χ2(2) = 13.90, p < .001) in a clock phase modulated manner. Slow-wave sleep accumulation was observed to be larger after preceding exposure to high maximal intensity and early first light exposure (p < .05). Conclusions The quality and architecture of sleep is associated with preceding light exposure. We propose that light exposure timing and intensity do not only modulate circadian-driven aspects of sleep but also homeostatic sleep pressure. These novel ambulatory PSG findings are the first to highlight the direct relationship between light and subsequent sleep, combining knowledge of homeostatic and circadian regulation of sleep by light. Upon confirmation by interventional studies, this hypothesis could change current understanding of sleep regulation and its relationship to prior light exposure. Clinical trial details This study was not a clinical trial. The study was ethically approved and nationally registered (NL48468.042.14).
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma J Wams
- Chronobiology Unit, Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences, University of Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Tom Woelders
- Chronobiology Unit, Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences, University of Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Irene Marring
- Chronobiology Unit, Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences, University of Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Laura van Rosmalen
- Chronobiology Unit, Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences, University of Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Domien G M Beersma
- Chronobiology Unit, Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences, University of Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Marijke C M Gordijn
- Chronobiology Unit, Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences, University of Groningen, The Netherlands.,Chrono@Work B.V., The Netherlands
| | - Roelof A Hut
- Chronobiology Unit, Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences, University of Groningen, The Netherlands
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18
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Koritala BSC, Çakmaklı S. The human circadian clock from health to economics. Psych J 2018; 7:176-196. [DOI: 10.1002/pchj.252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2018] [Revised: 09/13/2018] [Accepted: 09/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bala S. C. Koritala
- Department of Biology; Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey; Camden New Jersey USA
- Center for Computational and Integrative Biology; Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey; Camden New Jersey USA
| | - Selim Çakmaklı
- Department of Economics; Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey; Camden New Jersey USA
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Yoshikawa T, Obayashi K, Miyata K, Ueda T, Kurumatani N, Saeki K, Ogata N. Association between glaucomatous optic disc and depressive symptoms independent of light exposure profiles: a cross-sectional study of the HEIJO-KYO cohort. Br J Ophthalmol 2018; 103:1119-1122. [PMID: 30361277 DOI: 10.1136/bjophthalmol-2018-312176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2018] [Revised: 09/07/2018] [Accepted: 10/06/2018] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Glaucoma may cause physiological and behavioural circadian misalignment because of the loss of intrinsically photosensitive retinal ganglion cells, the primary receptors of environmental light. Although studies have suggested a high prevalence of depression in patients with glaucoma, it is unclear whether the association is independent of the light exposure profiles as an important confounding factor. METHODS In this cross-sectional study of a community-based cohort of 770 elderly individuals (mean age, 70.9 years), glaucomatous optic discs were assessed using fundus photographs and depressive symptoms were assessed using the short version of the Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS). Daytime and night-time ambient light exposures were objectively measured for 2 days. RESULTS Depressive symptoms (GDS score ≥6) were observed in 114 participants (prevalence, 14.8%) and glaucomatous optic discs were detected in 40 participants (prevalence, 5.2%). The prevalence of depressive symptoms was significantly higher in the group with glaucomatous optic disc than in the group without it (30.0% vs 14.0%, respectively; p=0.005). Multivariable logistic regression analysis adjusted for potential confounding factors, including daytime and night-time light exposures, revealed that the OR for depressive symptoms was significantly higher in the group with glaucomatous optic disc than in the group without it (OR 2.45, 95% CI 1.18 to 5.08; p=0.016). CONCLUSIONS In this general elderly population, glaucomatous optic disc was significantly associated with higher prevalence of depressive symptoms independent of a number of potential confounding factors, including daily light exposure profiles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tadanobu Yoshikawa
- Department of Ophthalmology, Nara Medical University School of Medicine, Nara, Japan
| | - Kenji Obayashi
- Department of Epidemiology, Nara Medical University School of Medicine, Nara, Japan
| | - Kimie Miyata
- Department of Ophthalmology, Nara Medical University School of Medicine, Nara, Japan
| | - Tetsuo Ueda
- Department of Ophthalmology, Nara Medical University School of Medicine, Nara, Japan
| | - Norio Kurumatani
- Department of Epidemiology, Nara Medical University School of Medicine, Nara, Japan
| | - Keigo Saeki
- Department of Epidemiology, Nara Medical University School of Medicine, Nara, Japan
| | - Nahoko Ogata
- Department of Ophthalmology, Nara Medical University School of Medicine, Nara, Japan
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20
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Lehnert M, Beine A, Burek K, Putzke S, Schlösser S, Pallapies D, Brüning T, Behrens T, Rabstein S. Vitamin D supply in shift working nurses. Chronobiol Int 2018; 35:724-729. [PMID: 29641263 DOI: 10.1080/07420528.2018.1424719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
We studied determinants of Vitamin D in serum of 67 female health care workers (aged 25-60 years), including age, body mass index, physical activity, and shift work. Overall, vitamin D levels were low, ranging from 6 to 51 ng/mL (median: 20 ng/mL). Lower serum levels were found in samples drawn in winter and spring and in obese subjects. Shift work had only small effects on vitamin D levels. The high prevalence of vitamin D undersupply is in line with observations from the German general population. Vitamin D supply particularly in winter and spring should be ensured to avoid health problems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Lehnert
- a Center for Epidemiology, Institute for Prevention and Occupational Medicine of the German Social Accident Insurance , Institute of the Ruhr-Universität Bochum (IPA) , Bochum , Germany
| | - Alexandra Beine
- b Center for Medicine, Institute for Prevention and Occupational Medicine of the German Social Accident Insurance , Institute of the Ruhr-Universität Bochum (IPA) , Bochum , Germany
| | - Katarzyna Burek
- a Center for Epidemiology, Institute for Prevention and Occupational Medicine of the German Social Accident Insurance , Institute of the Ruhr-Universität Bochum (IPA) , Bochum , Germany
| | - Simone Putzke
- a Center for Epidemiology, Institute for Prevention and Occupational Medicine of the German Social Accident Insurance , Institute of the Ruhr-Universität Bochum (IPA) , Bochum , Germany
| | - Stephan Schlösser
- c Occupational physician at BG University Hospital Bergmannsheil , Bochum , Germany
| | - Dirk Pallapies
- a Center for Epidemiology, Institute for Prevention and Occupational Medicine of the German Social Accident Insurance , Institute of the Ruhr-Universität Bochum (IPA) , Bochum , Germany
| | - Thomas Brüning
- d Director of the Institute for Prevention and Occupational Medicine of the German Social Accident Insurance , Institute of the Ruhr-Universität Bochum (IPA) , Bochum , Germany
| | - Thomas Behrens
- a Center for Epidemiology, Institute for Prevention and Occupational Medicine of the German Social Accident Insurance , Institute of the Ruhr-Universität Bochum (IPA) , Bochum , Germany
| | - Sylvia Rabstein
- a Center for Epidemiology, Institute for Prevention and Occupational Medicine of the German Social Accident Insurance , Institute of the Ruhr-Universität Bochum (IPA) , Bochum , Germany
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21
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Olinto MTA, Garcez A, Henn RL, Macagnan JBA, Paniz VMV, Pattussi MP. Sleep-related problems and minor psychiatric disorders among Brazilian shift workers. Psychiatry Res 2017; 257:412-417. [PMID: 28837929 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2017.08.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2016] [Revised: 07/07/2017] [Accepted: 08/12/2017] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to explore the association between sleep-related problems with the occurrence of minor psychiatric disorders in shift workers of southern Brazil. A cross-sectional study with 1202 workers (785 females) aged 18-50 years was carried out. Minor psychiatric disorders were assessed using the Self-Reporting Questionnaire (SRQ-20), and four sleep problems were collected and analyzed: sleep deprivation (≤ 5h), difficulty falling asleep, waking up during sleep, and sleep medication use. Results show that the overall prevalence of minor psychiatric disorders was 26.8%, but it was more prevalent among females than males (30.2% vs. 20.4%). Nightshift work was significantly associated with the occurrence of sleep-related problems. After adjusting for confounding factors, the number of sleep-related problems showed a positive linear trend with psychiatric disorders in both sexes. Having two or more sleep-related problems was associated with increased probability of psychiatric disorders approximately three-fold among males and two-fold among females, when compared with those without sleep problems. In conclusion, this study demonstrated that sleep-related problems have a strong and independent association with psychiatric disorders among shift workers. Furthermore, the prevalence of both conditions was higher among females than males; however, the strength of these associations was higher in males.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Teresa Anselmo Olinto
- Post-graduate Program in Collective Health, University of Vale do Rio dos Sinos, São Leopoldo, RS, Brazil; Department of Nutrition, Federal University of Health Science of Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
| | - Anderson Garcez
- Post-graduate Program in Collective Health, University of Vale do Rio dos Sinos, São Leopoldo, RS, Brazil
| | - Ruth Liane Henn
- Post-graduate Program in Collective Health, University of Vale do Rio dos Sinos, São Leopoldo, RS, Brazil
| | | | - Vera Maria Vieira Paniz
- Post-graduate Program in Collective Health, University of Vale do Rio dos Sinos, São Leopoldo, RS, Brazil
| | - Marcos Pascoal Pattussi
- Post-graduate Program in Collective Health, University of Vale do Rio dos Sinos, São Leopoldo, RS, Brazil
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22
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23
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Hennessy MB, Chun K, Capitanio JP. Depressive-like behavior, its sensitization, social buffering, and altered cytokine responses in rhesus macaques moved from outdoor social groups to indoor housing. Soc Neurosci 2017; 12:65-75. [PMID: 26801639 PMCID: PMC4988930 DOI: 10.1080/17470919.2016.1145595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Psychosocial stressors appear to promote the onset of depressive illness through activation and sensitization of inflammatory mechanisms. Here, adult male rhesus monkeys brought from large outdoor social groups to indoor housing for 8 days reliably exhibited a hunched, depressive-like posture. When rehoused indoors a second 8 days about 2 weeks later, monkeys housed alone, but not those with an affiliative partner, showed sensitization of the depressive-like hunched posture. Housing indoors also affected circulating pro-inflammatory cytokines: IL-1β showed increased responsiveness to immune challenge, and IL-1β and TNF-α showed reduced suppression by dexamethasone. Sensitivity of the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 to immune challenge exhibited a relative increase from the first to the second round of indoor housing in animals housed in pairs, and a relative decrease in animals housed alone. Cytokine levels during indoor housing were positively correlated with duration of depressive-like behavior. Plasma cortisol levels increased but did not differentiate housing conditions or rounds. Results demonstrate a rapid induction and sensitization of depressive-like behavior to indoor individual housing, social buffering of sensitization, and associated inflammatory responses. This paradigm may provide a practical nonhuman primate model for examining inflammatory-mediated consequences of psychosocial stressors on depression and possible social buffering of these effects.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Katie Chun
- California National Primate Research Center, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
- Department of Psychology, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | - John P. Capitanio
- California National Primate Research Center, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
- Department of Psychology, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
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24
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Timing of light exposure affects mood and brain circuits. Transl Psychiatry 2017; 7:e1017. [PMID: 28140399 PMCID: PMC5299389 DOI: 10.1038/tp.2016.262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 176] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2016] [Revised: 09/27/2016] [Accepted: 10/04/2016] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Temporal organization of physiology is critical for human health. In the past, humans experienced predictable periods of daily light and dark driven by the solar day, which allowed for entrainment of intrinsic circadian rhythms to the environmental light-dark cycles. Since the adoption of electric light, however, pervasive exposure to nighttime lighting has blurred the boundaries of day and night, making it more difficult to synchronize biological processes. Many systems are under circadian control, including sleep-wake behavior, hormone secretion, cellular function and gene expression. Circadian disruption by nighttime light perturbs those processes and is associated with increasing incidence of certain cancers, metabolic dysfunction and mood disorders. This review focuses on the role of artificial light at night in mood regulation, including mechanisms through which aberrant light exposure affects the brain. Converging evidence suggests that circadian disruption alters the function of brain regions involved in emotion and mood regulation. This occurs through direct neural input from the clock or indirect effects, including altered neuroplasticity, neurotransmission and clock gene expression. Recently, the aberrant light exposure has been recognized for its health effects. This review summarizes the evidence linking aberrant light exposure to mood.
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25
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Geerdink M, Walbeek TJ, Beersma DGM, Hommes V, Gordijn MCM. Short Blue Light Pulses (30 Min) in the Morning Support a Sleep-Advancing Protocol in a Home Setting. J Biol Rhythms 2016; 31:483-97. [PMID: 27449476 DOI: 10.1177/0748730416657462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Many people in our modern civilized society sleep later on free days compared to work days. This discrepancy in sleep timing will lead to so-called 'social jetlag' on work days with negative consequences for performance and health. Light therapy in the morning is often proposed as the most effective method to advance the circadian rhythm and sleep phase. However, most studies focus on direct effects on the circadian system and not on posttreatment effects on sleep phase and sleep integrity. In this placebo-controlled home study we investigated if blue light, rather than amber light therapy, can phase shift the sleep phase along with the circadian rhythm with preservation of sleep integrity and performance. We selected 42 participants who suffered from 'social jetlag' on workdays. Participants were randomly assigned to either high-intensity blue light exposure or amber light exposure (placebo) with similar photopic illuminance. The protocol consisted of 14 baseline days without sleep restrictions, 9 treatment days with either 30-min blue light pulses or 30-min amber light pulses in the morning along with a sleep advancing scheme and 7 posttreatment days without sleep restrictions. Melatonin samples were taken at days 1, 7, 14 (baseline), day 23 (effect treatment), and day 30 (posttreatment). Light exposure was recorded continuously. Sleep was monitored through actigraphy. Performance was measured with a reaction time task. As expected, the phase advance of the melatonin rhythm from day 14 to day 23 was significantly larger in the blue light exposure group, compared to the amber light group (84 min ± 51 (SD) and 48 min ± 47 (SD) respectively; t36 = 2.23, p < 0.05). Wake-up time during the posttreatment days was slightly earlier compared to baseline in the blue light group compared to slightly later in the amber light group (-21 min ± 33 (SD) and +12 min ± 33 (SD) respectively; F1,35 = 9.20, p < 0.01). The number of sleep bouts was significantly higher in the amber light group compared to the blue light group during sleep in the treatment period (F1,32 = 4.40, p < 0.05). Performance was significantly worse compared to baseline at all times during (F1,13 = 10.1, p < 0.01) and after amber light treatment (F1,13 = 17.1, p < 0.01), while only in the morning during posttreatment in the blue light condition (F1,10 = 9.8, p < 0.05). The data support the conclusion that blue light was able to compensate for the sleep integrity reduction and to a large extent for the performance decrement that was observed in the amber light condition, both probably as a consequence of the advancing sleep schedule. This study shows that blue light therapy in the morning, applied in a home setting, supports a sleep advancing protocol by phase advancing the circadian rhythm as well as sleep timing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moniek Geerdink
- Department of Chronobiology, GeLifes, University of Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Thijs J Walbeek
- Department of Psychology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Domien G M Beersma
- Department of Chronobiology, GeLifes, University of Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Vanja Hommes
- Philips Consumer Lifestyle, Drachten, the Netherlands
| | - Marijke C M Gordijn
- Department of Chronobiology, GeLifes, University of Groningen, the Netherlands Chrono@Work B.V., Groningen, the Netherlands
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26
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Quiles CL, de Oliveira MAB, Tonon AC, Hidalgo MPL. Biological adaptability under seasonal variation of light/dark cycles. Chronobiol Int 2016; 33:964-71. [PMID: 27222076 DOI: 10.1080/07420528.2016.1182175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
3A substantial amount of experimental models designed to understand rhythms entrainment and the effects of different regimens of light exposure on health have been proposed. However, many of them do not relate to what occurs in real life. Our objective was to evaluate the influence of "seasonal-like" variation in light/dark cycles on biological rhythms. Twenty adult male Wistar rats were assigned to three groups: control (CT), kept in 12:12 light/dark (LD) cycle; long photoperiod/short photoperiod (LP/SP), kept in 16.5:7.5 LD cycle for 18 days (phase A), then 17 days of gradual reductions in light time (phase B), then 18 days of shorter exposure (7.5:16.5 LD cycle, phase C); short photoperiod/long photoperiod (SP/LP) group, with same modifications as the LP/SP group, but in reverse order, starting phase A in 7.5:16.5 LD cycle. Activity and temperature were recorded constantly, and melatonin and cortisol concentrations were measured twice. Activity and temperature acrophases of all groups changed according to light. The correlation between activity and temperature was, overall, significantly lower for SP/LP group compared with LP/SP and CT groups. Regarding melatonin concentration, LP/SP group showed significant positive correlation between phase A and C (p = 0.018). Animals changed temperature and activity according to photoperiod and demonstrated better adaptability in transitioning from long to short photoperiod. Since this model imitates seasonal variation in light in a species that is largely used in behavioral experiments, it reveals promising methods to improve the reliability of experimental models and of further environmental health research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline Luísa Quiles
- a Laboratório de Cronobiologia e Sono, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA) , Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS) , Porto Alegre , Brasil
| | - Melissa Alves Braga de Oliveira
- a Laboratório de Cronobiologia e Sono, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA) , Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS) , Porto Alegre , Brasil
| | - André Comiran Tonon
- a Laboratório de Cronobiologia e Sono, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA) , Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS) , Porto Alegre , Brasil
| | - Maria Paz Loayza Hidalgo
- a Laboratório de Cronobiologia e Sono, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA) , Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS) , Porto Alegre , Brasil.,b Pós-graduação em Psiquiatria e Ciências do Comportamento, Faculdade de Medicina (FAMED) , Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS) , Porto Alegre , Brasil
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Ben-Attia M, Reinberg A, Smolensky MH, Gadacha W, Khedaier A, Sani M, Touitou Y, Boughamni NG. Blooming rhythms of cactusCereus peruvianuswith nocturnal peak at full moon during seasons of prolonged daytime photoperiod. Chronobiol Int 2016; 33:419-30. [DOI: 10.3109/07420528.2016.1157082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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Reinberg A, Smolensky MH, Touitou Y. The full moon as a synchronizer of circa-monthly biological rhythms: Chronobiologic perspectives based on multidisciplinary naturalistic research. Chronobiol Int 2016; 33:465-79. [DOI: 10.3109/07420528.2016.1157083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Alain Reinberg
- Unité de Chronobiologie, Fondation A de Rothschild, Paris cedex 19, France
| | - Michael H. Smolensky
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Cockrell School of Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas, USA
| | - Yvan Touitou
- Unité de Chronobiologie, Fondation A de Rothschild, Paris cedex 19, France
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Steinach M, Kohlberg E, Maggioni MA, Mendt S, Opatz O, Stahn A, Gunga HC. Sleep Quality Changes during Overwintering at the German Antarctic Stations Neumayer II and III: The Gender Factor. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0150099. [PMID: 26918440 PMCID: PMC4769303 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0150099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2015] [Accepted: 02/09/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Antarctic residence holds many challenges to human physiology, like increased psycho-social tension and altered circadian rhythm, known to influence sleep. We assessed changes in sleep patterns during 13 months of overwintering at the German Stations Neumayer II and III from 2008 to 2014, with focus on gender, as many previous investigations were inconclusive regarding gender-based differences or had only included men. Materials & Methods Time in bed, sleep time, sleep efficiency, number of arousals, sleep latency, sleep onset, sleep offset, and physical activity level were determined twice per month during seven overwintering campaigns of n = 54 participants (37 male, 17 female) using actimetry. Data were analyzed using polynomial regression and analysis of covariance for change over time with the covariates gender, inhabited station, overwintering season and influence of physical activity and local sunshine radiation. Results We found overall longer times in bed (p = 0.004) and sleep time (p = 0.014) for women. The covariate gender had a significant influence on time in bed (p<0.001), sleep time (p<0.001), number of arousals (p = 0.04), sleep latency (p = 0.04), and sleep onset (p<0.001). Women separately (p = 0.02), but not men (p = 0.165), showed a linear increase in number of arousals. Physical activity decreased over overwintering time for men (p = 0.003), but not for women (p = 0.174). The decline in local sunshine radiation led to a 48 minutes longer time in bed (p<0.001), 3.8% lower sleep efficiency (p<0.001), a delay of 32 minutes in sleep onset (p<0.001), a delay of 54 minutes in sleep offset (p<0.001), and 11% less daily energy expenditure (p<0.001), for all participants in reaction to the Antarctic winter’s darkness-phase. Conclusions Overwinterings at the Stations Neumayer II and III are associated with significant changes in sleep patterns, with dependences from overwintering time and local sunshine radiation. Gender appears to be an influence, as women showed a declining sleep quality, despite that their physical activity remained unchanged, suggesting other causes such as a higher susceptibility to psycho-social stress and changes in environmental circadian rhythm during long-term isolation in Antarctica.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mathias Steinach
- Center for Space Medicine and Extreme Environments Berlin, Institute for Physiology, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- * E-mail:
| | - Eberhard Kohlberg
- Alfred Wegener Institute for Polar and Marine Research, Bremerhaven, Germany
| | - Martina Anna Maggioni
- Center for Space Medicine and Extreme Environments Berlin, Institute for Physiology, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Stefan Mendt
- Center for Space Medicine and Extreme Environments Berlin, Institute for Physiology, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Oliver Opatz
- Center for Space Medicine and Extreme Environments Berlin, Institute for Physiology, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Alexander Stahn
- Center for Space Medicine and Extreme Environments Berlin, Institute for Physiology, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Hanns-Christian Gunga
- Center for Space Medicine and Extreme Environments Berlin, Institute for Physiology, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
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Affiliation(s)
- Tracy A. Bedrosian
- Laboratory of Genetics, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, California 92037
| | - Laura K. Fonken
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309
| | - Randy J. Nelson
- Department of Neuroscience and Behavioral Neuroendocrinology Group, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210;
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de Oliveira DL, Hirotsu C, Tufik S, Andersen ML. Vitamin D and Sleep Apnea: Beyond a Simple Association. J Clin Sleep Med 2015; 11:1345. [PMID: 26350605 DOI: 10.5664/jcsm.5206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2015] [Accepted: 08/14/2015] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Camila Hirotsu
- Department of Psychobiology, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Sergio Tufik
- Department of Psychobiology, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Monica Levy Andersen
- Department of Psychobiology, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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