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Kilbo Edlund K, Andersson EM, Andersson M, Barregard L, Christensson A, Johannesson S, Harari F, Murgia N, Torén K, Stockfelt L. Occupational particle exposure and chronic kidney disease: a cohort study in Swedish construction workers. Occup Environ Med 2024; 81:238-243. [PMID: 38811167 PMCID: PMC11187372 DOI: 10.1136/oemed-2023-109371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 05/19/2024] [Indexed: 05/31/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Increasing epidemiological and experimental evidence suggests that particle exposure is an environmental risk factor for chronic kidney disease (CKD). However, only a few case-control studies have investigated this association in an occupational setting. Hence, our objective was to investigate associations between particle exposure and CKD in a large cohort of Swedish construction workers. METHODS We performed a retrospective cohort study in the Swedish Construction Workers' Cohort, recruited 1971-1993 (n=286 089). A job-exposure matrix was used to identify workers exposed to nine different particulate exposures, which were combined into three main categories (inorganic dust and fumes, wood dust and fibres). Incident CKD and start of renal replacement therapy (RRT) were obtained from validated national registries until 2021 and analysed using adjusted Cox proportional hazards models. RESULTS Exposure to inorganic dust and fumes was associated with an increased risk of CKD and RRT during working age (adjusted HR for CKD at age <65 years 1.15, 95% CI 1.05 to 1.26). The elevated risk did not persist after retirement age. Exposure to cement dust, concrete dust and diesel exhaust was associated with CKD. Elevated HRs were also found for quartz dust and welding fumes. CONCLUSIONS Workers exposed to inorganic particles seem to be at elevated risk of CKD and RRT. Our results are in line with previous evidence of renal effects of ambient air pollution and warrant further efforts to reduce occupational and ambient particle exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karl Kilbo Edlund
- School of Public Health and Community Medicine, University of Gothenburg, Goteborg, Sweden
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Goteborg, Sweden
| | - Eva M Andersson
- School of Public Health and Community Medicine, University of Gothenburg, Goteborg, Sweden
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Goteborg, Sweden
| | - Martin Andersson
- Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Umeå University, Umea, Sweden
| | - Lars Barregard
- School of Public Health and Community Medicine, University of Gothenburg, Goteborg, Sweden
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Goteborg, Sweden
| | - Anders Christensson
- Department of Nephrology, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
- Department of Nephrology, Skåne University Hospital Nephrology, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Sandra Johannesson
- School of Public Health and Community Medicine, University of Gothenburg, Goteborg, Sweden
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Goteborg, Sweden
| | - Florencia Harari
- School of Public Health and Community Medicine, University of Gothenburg, Goteborg, Sweden
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Goteborg, Sweden
| | - Nicola Murgia
- Department of Environmental and Prevention Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Kjell Torén
- School of Public Health and Community Medicine, University of Gothenburg, Goteborg, Sweden
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Goteborg, Sweden
| | - Leo Stockfelt
- School of Public Health and Community Medicine, University of Gothenburg, Goteborg, Sweden
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Goteborg, Sweden
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Liu N, Li M, Pang H, Tiantian T, Li X, Su Y, Jin M, Wu H, Qian C, Sun M. Bioinformatics-driven discovery of silica nanoparticles induces apoptosis and renal damage via the unfolded protein response in NRK-52E cells and rat kidney. Comput Biol Med 2024; 168:107816. [PMID: 38064850 DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiomed.2023.107816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Revised: 11/24/2023] [Accepted: 12/03/2023] [Indexed: 01/10/2024]
Abstract
Silica nanoparticles (SiNPs) are nanomaterials with widespread applications in drug delivery and disease diagnosis. Despite their utility, SiNPs can cause chronic kidney disease, hindering their clinical translation. The molecular mechanisms underlying SiNP-induced renal toxicity are complex and require further investigation. To address this challenge, we employed bioinformatics tools to predict the potential mechanisms underlying renal damage caused by SiNPs. We identified 1627 upregulated differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and 1334 downregulated DEGs. Functional enrichment analysis and protein-protein interaction network revealed that SiNP-induced renal damage is associated with apoptosis. Subsequently, we verified that SiNPs induced apoptosis in an in vitro model of NRK-52E cells via the unfolded protein response (UPR) in a dose-dependent manner. Furthermore, in an in vivo rat model, high-dose SiNP administration via tracheal drip caused hyalinization of the renal tubules, renal interstitial lymphocytic infiltration, and collagen fiber accumulation. Concurrently, we observed an increase in UPR-related protein levels at the onset of renal damage. Thus, our study confirmed that SiNPs induce apoptosis and renal damage through the UPR, adding to the theoretical understanding of SiNP-related kidney damage and offering a potential target for preventing and treating kidney injuries in SiNP clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naimeng Liu
- Breast Surgery Department, General Surgery Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Street Xinmin 1, Changchun, China.
| | - Meng Li
- School of Public Health Jilin University, NO.1163 Xinmin Street, Changchun, China.
| | - Huan Pang
- School of Public Health Jilin University, NO.1163 Xinmin Street, Changchun, China.
| | - Tian Tiantian
- School of Public Health Jilin University, NO.1163 Xinmin Street, Changchun, China.
| | - Xinyue Li
- School of Public Health Jilin University, NO.1163 Xinmin Street, Changchun, China.
| | - Yanchi Su
- School of Artificial Intelligence, Jilin University, No.2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun, China.
| | - Minghua Jin
- School of Public Health Jilin University, NO.1163 Xinmin Street, Changchun, China.
| | - Hao Wu
- Department of Nephrology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Street Xinmin 1, Changchun, China.
| | - Chuyue Qian
- Department of Nephrology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Street Xinmin 1, Changchun, China.
| | - Mindan Sun
- Department of Nephrology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Street Xinmin 1, Changchun, China.
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Alp A, Ersoy M, Meteoğlu İ, Kahraman Çetin N, Akdam H, Yeniçerioğlu Y. Occupational Silica Exposure as a Potential Risk for Microscopic Polyangiitis. Wilderness Environ Med 2023; 34:543-548. [PMID: 37604751 DOI: 10.1016/j.wem.2023.06.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2023] [Revised: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 08/23/2023]
Abstract
Microscopic polyangiitis is an important and common component of cytoplasmic antibody-associated vasculitides that can lead to serious morbidity and even death. A clear causative etiology has not been identified. Although silica is well known to produce lung damage, the negative renal effects of silica exposure should not be overlooked. We present a case of renal dysfunction associated with silica exposure, its diagnosis by renal biopsy, and the treatment method used. Environmental or occupational silica exposure can cause microscopic polyangiitis. Working in occupations with increased risk of silica exposure may result in serious medical problems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alper Alp
- Department of Nephrology, Faculty of Medicine, Mugla Sıtkı Koçman University, Mugla, Turkey.
| | - Melike Ersoy
- Department of Rheumatology, Faculty of Medicine, Mugla Sıtkı Koçman University, Mugla, Turkey
| | - İbrahim Meteoğlu
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Adnan Menderes University, Aydın, Turkey
| | - Nesibe Kahraman Çetin
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Adnan Menderes University, Aydın, Turkey
| | - Hakan Akdam
- Department of Nephrology, Faculty of Medicine, Adnan Menderes University, Aydın, Turkey
| | - Yavuz Yeniçerioğlu
- Department of Nephrology, Faculty of Medicine, Adnan Menderes University, Aydın, Turkey
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4
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Couture A, Charuvil Elizabeth RM, Lefsrud L, Sattari F. Evaluation of workplace exposure to respirable crystalline silica in road construction industries in Alberta. Toxicol Ind Health 2023:7482337231176602. [PMID: 37258490 DOI: 10.1177/07482337231176602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Occupational exposure to respirable crystalline silica (RCS) is common for several occupations in construction, not only because of its presence in many handling materials but also in processes such as grinding and sawing. This study investigated workplace exposure to RCS as quartz in industries and occupations within road construction in Alberta through the RCS monitoring database provided by the Alberta Roadbuilders and Heavy Construction Association (ARHCA) between 2007 and 2016. Descriptive statistics were calculated for exposure-related variables, and mixed model analysis was performed to determine factors affecting the exposure levels. Results showed that the highest exposed workers were in the sand and gravel industry (GM = 45 μg/m3). For worker occupations, geometric means ranged from 78 μg/m3 for crusher operators to 10 μg/m3 for concrete truck operators. The maximum exposure severity was 33.3 times the occupational exposure limit (OEL) for the sand and gravel and 31 times the OEL for tower operators. The results also showed the effect of seasonal variability on RCS exposure levels. The heterogeneous exposure results indicated significant room for improvement and that controls should focus more on the activity performed than the occupation to lower exposure to RCS levels in industries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ariel Couture
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Rose Marie Charuvil Elizabeth
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, School of Engineering Safety and Risk Management, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Lianne Lefsrud
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, School of Engineering Safety and Risk Management, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Fereshteh Sattari
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, School of Engineering Safety and Risk Management, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
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Kleinschmidt SE, Andres KL, Holen BM, Buehrer BD, Durand G, Taiwo O, Olsen GW. Mortality among mine and mill workers exposed to respirable crystalline silica. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0274103. [PMID: 36240241 PMCID: PMC9565696 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0274103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Millions of workers are potentially exposed to respirable crystalline silica (RCS) which has been associated with several diseases. We updated the mortality experience of a cohort of 2,650 mine and mill workers at four manufacturing facilities to assess cause-specific mortality risks associated with estimated cumulative RCS exposure. METHODS Study eligibility was defined as any employee who had ≥1 year of service by 2000, with work history experience available from 1945 through 2004. Vital status and cause of death were ascertained from 1945 through 2015. RCS exposure was estimated across plant-, department-, job-, and time-dependent categories using historic industrial hygiene sampling data and professional judgment. Associations between cumulative RCS (mg/m3-years) and cause-specific mortality were examined using Cox proportional hazard regression models. RESULTS In the exposure-response analysis defined on quartiles of cumulative RCS exposure, no increasing trend (ptrend = 0.37) in lung cancer mortality (n = 116 deaths) was observed (Hazard ratio (HR) = 1.00 (referent), 1.20, 1.85, 0.92). Mortality risk for non-malignant respiratory disease was increased across quartiles (HR = 1.00, 1.35, 1.89, 1.70; ptrend = 0.15), based on 83 deaths. Non-malignant renal disease mortality was increased across quartiles (HR = 1.00, 6.64, 3.79, 3.29; ptrend = 0.11), based on 26 deaths. CONCLUSIONS After nearly seven decades of follow-up, the exposure-response analyses showed no evidence of a positive trend for lung cancer, and limited evidence of a trend for non-malignant respiratory disease, and non-malignant renal disease mortality as a result of cumulative RCS exposure in this occupational cohort.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah E. Kleinschmidt
- Corporate Occupational Medicine Department, 3M Company, St. Paul, MN, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| | - Kara L. Andres
- Corporate Occupational Medicine Department, 3M Company, St. Paul, MN, United States of America
| | - Brian M. Holen
- Industrial Mineral Products Division, 3M Company, St. Paul, MN, United States of America
| | - Betsy D. Buehrer
- Corporate Occupational Medicine Department, 3M Company, St. Paul, MN, United States of America
| | - Gerardo Durand
- Corporate Occupational Medicine Department, 3M Company, St. Paul, MN, United States of America
| | - Oyebode Taiwo
- Corporate Occupational Medicine Department, 3M Company, St. Paul, MN, United States of America
| | - Geary W. Olsen
- Corporate Occupational Medicine Department, 3M Company, St. Paul, MN, United States of America
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Aoun M, Chelala D. Where do you live and what do you do? Two questions that might impact your kidney health. FRONTIERS IN NEPHROLOGY 2022; 2:1011964. [PMID: 37675017 PMCID: PMC10479685 DOI: 10.3389/fneph.2022.1011964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2022] [Accepted: 09/13/2022] [Indexed: 09/08/2023]
Abstract
In many cases the social determinants of health need to be assessed through their interaction with environmental factors. This review looks at the impact of physical location and occupation of individuals on their kidney health. It examines the effect of living at high altitude on kidney function and the relationship between extreme cold or hot temperatures and the incidence of kidney injury. It reviews as well the many occupations that have been linked to kidney disease in high-income and low-and-middle-income countries. As a conclusion, this overview proposes preventive recommendations that could be individualized based on weather, altitude, socio-economic level of the country and occupation of the individual.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mabel Aoun
- Faculty of Medicine, Saint-Joseph University, Beirut, Lebanon
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Sasai F, Rogers K, Orlicky DJ, Stem A, Schaeffer J, Garcia G, Fox J, Ray MS, Butler-Dawson J, Gonzalez-Quiroz M, Leiva R, Taduri G, Anutrakulchai S, Venugopal V, Madero M, Glaser J, Wijkstrom J, Wernerson A, Brown J, Roncal-Jimenez CA, Johnson RJ. Inhaled Silica Nanoparticles Causes Chronic Kidney Disease in Rats. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2022; 323:F48-F58. [PMID: 35635324 DOI: 10.1152/ajprenal.00021.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Silica nanoparticles (SiNPs) released during the burning of sugarcane have been postulated to have a role in chronic kidney disease of unknown etiology. We tested the hypothesis that pristine SiNPs of the size present in sugarcane might cause chronic kidney injury when administered through the lung in rats. METHODS We administered 200 nm or 300 nm amorphous SiNPs twice weekly (4 mg/dose) or vehicle by oropharyngeal aspiration for 13 weeks to rats followed by sacrifice after an additional 13 weeks (26 weeks total). Tissues were evaluated for presence of SiNPs and evidence of histologic injury. RESULTS Both sizes of SiNPs caused kidney damage, with early tubular injury and inflammation (at week 13) that continued to inflammation and chronic fibrosis at week 26 despite discontinuing the SiNP administration. Both sizes of SiNPs caused local inflammation in the lung and kidney and were detected in the serum and urine at week 13, and the 200 nm particles also localized to the kidney with no evidence of retention of the 300 nm particles. At week 26 there was some clearance of the 200 nm silica from the kidneys, and urinary levels of SiNPs were reduced but still significant in both the 200 and 300 nm exposed rats. CONCLUSIONS Inhaled SiNPs causes chronic kidney injury that progresses despite stopping the SiNP administration. These findings are consistent with the hypothesis that human exposure to amorphous silica nanoparticles found in burned sugarcane fields could have a participatory role in chronic kidney disease of unknown etiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fumihiko Sasai
- Division of Renal Disease, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, United States
| | - Keegan Rogers
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Skaggs School of Pharmacy, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, United States
| | - David J Orlicky
- Department of Pathology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Denver, Colorado, United States
| | - Arthur Stem
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Skaggs School of Pharmacy, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, United States
| | - Joshua Schaeffer
- Department of Environmental and Radiological Health Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, United States.,Center for Health, Work and Environment, Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Colorado School of Public Health, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, United States
| | - Gabriela Garcia
- Division of Renal Disease, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, United States
| | - Jacob Fox
- Division of Renal Disease, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, United States
| | - Matthew S Ray
- Division of Renal Disease, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, United States
| | - Jaime Butler-Dawson
- Department of Environmental and Radiological Health Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, United States
| | - Marvin Gonzalez-Quiroz
- Research Centre on Health, Work and Environment (CISTA), National Autonomous University of Nicaragua, León, Nicaragua
| | - Ricardo Leiva
- Division of Kidney Diseases, Hospital Rosales, San Salvador, El Salvador
| | | | | | - Vidhya Venugopal
- School of Public Health, Sri Ramachandra Medical College and Research Institute, Chennai, India
| | - Magdalena Madero
- Division of Kidney Diseases, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez, Mexico City, Mexico
| | | | - Julia Wijkstrom
- Division of Renal Medicine, Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Annika Wernerson
- Division of Renal Medicine, Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jared Brown
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Skaggs School of Pharmacy, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, United States
| | - Carlos A Roncal-Jimenez
- Division of Renal Disease, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, United States
| | - Richard J Johnson
- Division of Renal Disease, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, United States
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Kim KD, Jang SY. Association Between Long Working Hours and Chronic Kidney Disease According to Diabetic Status: A Nationwide Study (Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2010-2017). J Occup Environ Med 2022; 64:190-196. [PMID: 34817455 PMCID: PMC8887845 DOI: 10.1097/jom.0000000000002445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to investigate the relationship between long working hours and chronic kidney disease (CKD) according to diabetic status. METHODS Twelve thousand seven hundred three full-time employees without diabetes and 2136 with diabetes were included in this study. Participants were grouped according to working hours: ≤40, 41 to 52, and >52 h/week. Multiple logistic regression was used to evaluate the association between working hours and CKD prevalence. RESULTS Participants with diabetes who worked 41 to 52 h/week showed 1.85 times higher odds of CKD (95% CI 1.15-2.96; P = 0.0112) compared with those who worked ≤40 h/week after adjusting for covariates. An interaction between diabetes and long working hours was observed (P for interaction = 0.0212) in the model. CONCLUSION Long working hours are associated with CKD in participants with diabetes. An interaction between long working hours and diabetes leading to CKD development may exist.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ki Duk Kim
- School of Medicine, Eulji University, Jung-gu, Daejeon, South Korea (Dr Kim); Department of Healthcare Management, Graduate School of Public Health, Yonsei University, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, South Korea (Dr Jang)
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9
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Wrangel O, Graff P, Bryngelsson IL, Fornander L, Wiebert P, Vihlborg P. Silica Dust Exposure Increases Risk for Rheumatoid Arthritis: A Swedish National Registry Case-Control Study. J Occup Environ Med 2021; 63:951-955. [PMID: 34091575 PMCID: PMC8562940 DOI: 10.1097/jom.0000000000002281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an inflammatory disease with unknown etiology. This study examines if silica dust exposure increases the risk for seropositive and seronegative RA. METHODS A nationwide registry case-control study was conducted that included all cases of RA in Sweden between 2005 and 2016. In total, 31,139 cases with two matched controls were included. A JEM was used to estimate exposure. RESULTS Silica dust exposure was associated with a statistically significant increase in odds ratio (OR) for seropositive (OR 1.22, 95% CI 1.05 to 1.40) and seronegative (OR 1.23, 95% CI 1.04 to 1.46) RA among men. CONCLUSION This study found an increased OR for RA in silica-exposed men. The OR was equal for seropositive and seronegative RA. These findings further support the hypothesis that silica dust may be a trigger for RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oscar Wrangel
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Örebro University, Sweden (Mr Wrangel, Bryngelsson, Dr Fornander, and Dr Vihlborg); National Institute of Occupational Health (STAMI), Oslo, Norway (Dr Graff); Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden (Dr Wiebert); Centre for Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Region Stockholm, Sweden (Dr Wiebert); Department of Geriatrics, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Örebro University, Sweden (Dr Vihlborg)
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Valdivia Mazeyra MF, Muñoz Ramos P, Serrano R, Alonso Riaño M, Gil Giraldo Y, Quiroga B. Mesoamerican nephropathy: A not so unknown chronic kidney disease. Nefrologia 2021; 41:612-619. [PMID: 36165150 DOI: 10.1016/j.nefroe.2021.12.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2021] [Accepted: 03/18/2021] [Indexed: 06/16/2023] Open
Abstract
From 2000, Mesoamerican region has reached an important rate of chronic kidney disease of unknown etiology. Under the name of Meroamerican Nephropathy (MeN) several hypotheses (including dehydration, heat stress, environmental or toxic exposure or even infections) have tried to explain the etiology this new disease. MeN affects young men, agricultural workers exposed to high temperatures. MeN courses with unspecific symptoms as low-grade fever and dysuria and progressive kidney disease with impaired renal function and hydroelectrolyte disturbances. The diagnosis requires kidney biopsy showing tubule-interstitial nephritis (usually at chronic stage). Although MeN conditions a high morbi-mortality in endemic regions, there is a lack of specific treatment and only preventive measures have demonstrated some effect of prognosis (avoid heat stress, constant hydration). In this review we aim to summarize the available information of MeN, illustrating the information in a case report.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Rosario Serrano
- Servicio de Anatomía Patológica, Hospital Universitario de La Princesa, Madrid, Spain
| | - Marina Alonso Riaño
- Servicio de Anatomía Patológica, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain
| | - Yohana Gil Giraldo
- Servicio de Nefrología, Hospital Universitario de La Princesa, Madrid, Spain
| | - Borja Quiroga
- Servicio de Nefrología, Hospital Universitario de La Princesa, Madrid, Spain.
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11
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Valdivia Mazeyra MF, Muñoz Ramos P, Serrano R, Alonso Riaño M, Gil Giraldo Y, Quiroga B. Mesoamerican nephropathy: A not so unknown chronic kidney disease. Nefrologia 2021; 41:S0211-6995(21)00100-4. [PMID: 34140176 DOI: 10.1016/j.nefro.2021.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2021] [Accepted: 03/18/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
Abstract
From 2000, Mesoamerican region has reached an important rate of chronic kidney disease of unknown etiology. Under the name of Meroamerican Nephropathy (MeN) several hypotheses (including dehydration, heat stress, environmental or toxic exposure or even infections) have tried to explain the etiology this new disease. MeN affects young men, agricultural workers exposed to high temperatures. MeN courses with unspecific symptoms as low-grade fever and dysuria and progressive kidney disease with impaired renal function and hydroelectrolyte disturbances. The diagnosis requires kidney biopsy showing tubule-interstitial nephritis (usually at chronic stage). Although MeN conditions a high morbi-mortality in endemic regions, there is a lack of specific treatment and only preventive measures have demonstrated some effect of prognosis (avoid heat stress, constant hydration). In this review we aim to summarize the available information of MeN, illustrating the information in a case report.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Rosario Serrano
- Servicio de Anatomía Patológica, Hospital Universitario de La Princesa, Madrid, España
| | - Marina Alonso Riaño
- Servicio de Anatomía Patológica, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Madrid, España
| | - Yohana Gil Giraldo
- Servicio de Nefrología, Hospital Universitario de La Princesa, Madrid, España
| | - Borja Quiroga
- Servicio de Nefrología, Hospital Universitario de La Princesa, Madrid, España.
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Complexity of Respirable Dust Found in Mining Operations as Characterized by X-ray Diffraction and FTIR Analysis. MINERALS 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/min11040383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The mineralogical complexity of mine dust complicates exposure monitoring methods for occupational, respirable hazards. Improved understanding of the variability in respirable dust characteristics, e.g., mineral phase occurrence and composition, is required to advance on-site monitoring techniques that can be applied across diverse mining sectors. Principal components analysis (PCA) models were applied separately to XRD and FTIR datasets collected on 130 respirable dust samples from seven mining commodities to explore similarities and differences among the samples. Findings from both PCA models classified limestone, iron, and granite mine samples via their analytical responses. However, the results also cautioned that respirable samples from these commodities may not always fit patterns observed within the model. For example, one unique sample collected in a limestone mine contained no carbonate minerals. Future predictive quantification models should account for unique samples. Differences between gold and copper mine dust samples were difficult to observe. Further investigation suggested that the key to their differentiation by FTIR may lie in the characterization of clays. The results presented in this study provide foundational information for guiding the development of quantification models for respirable mineral hazards in the mining industry.
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Shoeb M, Meier HCS, Antonini JM. Telomeres in toxicology: Occupational health. Pharmacol Ther 2021; 220:107742. [PMID: 33176178 PMCID: PMC7969441 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2020.107742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2020] [Accepted: 11/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The ends of chromosomes shorten at each round of cell division, and this process is thought to be affected by occupational exposures. Occupational hazards may alter telomere length homeostasis resulting in DNA damage, chromosome aberration, mutations, epigenetic alterations and inflammation. Therefore, for the protection of genetic material, nature has provided a unique nucleoprotein structure known as a telomere. Telomeres provide protection by averting an inappropriate activation of the DNA damage response (DDR) at chromosomal ends and preventing recognition of single and double strand DNA (ssDNA and dsDNA) breaks or chromosomal end-to-end fusion. Telomeres and their interacting six shelterin complex proteins in coordination act as inhibitors of DNA damage machinery by blocking DDR activation at chromosomes, thereby preventing the occurrence of genome instability, perturbed cell cycle, cellular senescence and apoptosis. However, inappropriate DNA repair may result in the inadequate distribution of genetic material during cell division, resulting in the eventual development of tumorigenesis and other pathologies. This article reviews the current literature on the association of changes in telomere length and its interacting proteins with different occupational exposures and the potential application of telomere length or changes in the regulatory proteins as potential biomarkers for exposure and health response, including recent findings and future perspectives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Shoeb
- Health Effects Laboratory Division, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Morgantown, WV, United States of America.
| | - Helen C S Meier
- Joseph J. Zilber School of Public Health, University of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States of America
| | - James M Antonini
- Health Effects Laboratory Division, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Morgantown, WV, United States of America
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14
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Ramadan MA, Abdelgwad M, Fouad MM. Predictive value of novel biomarkers for chronic kidney disease among workers occupationally exposed to silica. Toxicol Ind Health 2021; 37:173-181. [PMID: 33588697 DOI: 10.1177/0748233721990304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
There is a pressing need to find reliable biomarkers for the early diagnosis of silica-induced nephropathy. Abundant genes are upregulated in damaged kidneys with subsequent protein products appearing in the urine. Liver-type fatty acid-binding protein (L-FABP) and kidney injury molecule-1 (KIM-1) are among the most promising. Our objective was to study the importance of L-FABP and KIM-1 genes and their urinary proteins in the early detection of silica-induced renal injury, as compared with other conventional biomarkers. A cross-sectional study was conducted among 90 pottery workers occupationally exposed to silica, as compared to 90 controls. A full history taking and complete clinical examination were performed. Levels of serum creatinine, liver enzymes, urinary silicon, KIM-1, and L-FABP gene expression and protein products were measured. Estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) was calculated, and abdominal ultrasound was performed. The results showed that the silica-exposed group had a statistically significant increase in serum creatinine and urinary silica, as well as a significant decrease in eGFR. Additionally, a significant increase in KIM-1 and L-FABP gene expression, associated with a significant increase in their urinary protein, was found among the exposed group. A positive correlation between urinary silica level and L-FABP gene expression was also found. A receiver operating characteristic curve analysis for L-FABP and KIM-1 gene as predictors for silica-induced nephropathy showed that L-FABP gene and protein specificity were greater than the KIM-1 gene and protein. Taken together, these findings suggest that the L-FABP gene and its protein product may be used as early indicators for renal injury among silica exposed workers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mona Abdallah Ramadan
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, 63527Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Marwa Abdelgwad
- Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, 63527Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Marwa Mohammed Fouad
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, 63527Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
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15
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Wultsch G, Setayesh T, Kundi M, Kment M, Nersesyan A, Fenech M, Knasmüller S. Induction of DNA damage as a consequence of occupational exposure to crystalline silica: A review and meta-analysis. MUTATION RESEARCH-REVIEWS IN MUTATION RESEARCH 2020; 787:108349. [PMID: 34083037 DOI: 10.1016/j.mrrev.2020.108349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2020] [Revised: 11/12/2020] [Accepted: 11/16/2020] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
About 40 million workers are occupationally exposed to crystalline silica (CS) which was classified as a human carcinogen by the IARC. It is assumed that damage of the genetic material via inflammation and reactive oxygen species by CS lead to formation of malignant cells. We conducted a systematic literature search to find out if inhalation of CS containing dusts at workplaces causes damage of the genetic material. Thirteen studies were found eligible for this review, in most of them (n = 9) micronuclei (MN) which reflect structural/numerical chromosomal aberrations were monitored in lymphocytes and/or in exfoliated buccal cells. In 5 investigations DNA damage was measured in blood cells in single cell gel electrophoresis (comet) experiments. Frequently studied groups were potters, stone cutters, miners and construction workers. Results of meta-analyses show that exposure to CS causes formation of MN and DNA breaks, the overall ratio values were in exposed workers 2.06- and 1.96-fold higher than in controls, respectively. Two studies reported increased levels of oxidized guanine, and higher levels of DNA adducts with malondialdehyde indicating that exposure to CS leads to oxidative damage. The exposure of the workers to CS was quantified only in two studies, information concerning the size and chemical structures of the particles is lacking in most investigations. Therefore, it is not possible to use the results to derive occupational exposure limits of workers to CS which vary strongly in different countries. Nevertheless, the evaluation of the current state of knowledge shows that biomonitoring studies in which damage of the genetic material is measured in CS exposed workers can contribute to assess adverse health effects as consequence of DNA instability in specific occupations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georg Wultsch
- Institute of Cancer Research, Department of Medicine I, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Tahereh Setayesh
- Institute of Cancer Research, Department of Medicine I, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Michael Kundi
- Center for Public Health, Department of Environmental Health, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Michael Kment
- Institute of Cancer Research, Department of Medicine I, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Armen Nersesyan
- Institute of Cancer Research, Department of Medicine I, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Michael Fenech
- School of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, Division of Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Siegfried Knasmüller
- Institute of Cancer Research, Department of Medicine I, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
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16
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Sanchez Polo V, Garcia-Trabanino R, Rodriguez G, Madero M. Mesoamerican Nephropathy (MeN): What We Know so Far. Int J Nephrol Renovasc Dis 2020; 13:261-272. [PMID: 33116757 PMCID: PMC7588276 DOI: 10.2147/ijnrd.s270709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2020] [Accepted: 08/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
In 2002, a report from El Salvador described a high incidence of chronic kidney disease (CKD) of unknown cause, mostly in young males from specific coastal areas. Similar situations were observed along the Pacific Ocean coastline of other Central American countries and southern Mexico (Mesoamerica). This new form of CKD has been denominated Mesoamerican endemic nephropathy (MeN). The typical presentation of MeN is a young male from an endemic area with a family history of CKD, low eGFR, high serum creatinine, low level of albuminuria, hypokalemia, hyperuricemia, and urine urate crystals. Kidney biopsy demonstrating tubulointerstitial nephritis remains the gold standard for diagnosis but is available only for a minority. Commonly proposed causes include thermal stress/dehydration and/or exposure to environmental pollutants. However, likely, a third factor, which could be genetic or epigenetic, could contribute to the cause and development of the disease, along with social determinants. Currently, preventive measures focus on minimizing workers exposure to thermal stress/dehydration. There are many research opportunities and priorities should include clinical trials to evaluate the efficacy and safety of the current treatment protocols, along with etiological and genetic studies, and the development of kidney disease data systems. Although there is scant and controversial literature with regard s to the etiology, diagnosis and management of the disease, our aim is to provide the reader a vision of the disease based on our experience.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ramon Garcia-Trabanino
- Centro de Hemodiálisis, San Salvador, El Salvador
- Fondo Social de Emergencia Para la Salud, Tierra Blanca, El Salvador
| | - Guillermo Rodriguez
- Service of Nephrology, Hospital Dr. R.A. Calderón Guardia, Caja Costarricense de Seguro Social, San José, Costa Rica
| | - Magdalena Madero
- Division of Nephrology, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez, México, México
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17
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Farag YMK, Karai Subramanian K, Singh VA, Tatapudi RR, Singh AK. Occupational risk factors for chronic kidney disease in Andhra Pradesh: 'Uddanam Nephropathy'. Ren Fail 2020; 42:1032-1041. [PMID: 33040645 PMCID: PMC7580562 DOI: 10.1080/0886022x.2020.1824924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND CKD of unknown etiology (CKDu) has been reported in several countries including India. We previously showed a prevalence of CKD in India to be 17.2% and we found a CKD epidemic in Andhra Pradesh (AP) to be 46.8%. We conducted this study to further explore the unexplained CKD epidemic in AP. METHODS We recruited 1201 adult participants through systematic random sampling from eight administrative divisions. Demographic, medical, and detailed occupational history was collected. Anthropometric measurements and blood pressure were taken and blood and urine samples were collected. Poisson regression model was used to identify potential predictors for CKD. RESULTS We analyzed data for 1184 individuals with mean age of 44.6 ± 14.0 years, of whom 44% were male. Prevalence of CKD was 32.2%. Working as a farmer had 20% more prevalence of CKD compared to non-farmers in the fully adjusted model (PR 1.2, 95% CI 1.01-1.42). Age, alcohol consumption, and chewing tobacco were also independent predictors of CKD. Gender, hypertension, and diabetes were not associated with CKD. CONCLUSIONS The prevalence of CKD in AP is 32.2%. Occupational exposure among farmers could play a potential role in this epidemic. Large longitudinal epidemiologic research studies are needed to trace the causes of this problem.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youssef M K Farag
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA.,Renal Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.,Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Kuyilan Karai Subramanian
- Renal Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.,Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Vikrum A Singh
- Renal Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Ajay K Singh
- Renal Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.,Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
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18
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A Pilot Study to Assess Inhalation Exposures among Sugarcane Workers in Guatemala: Implications for Chronic Kidney Disease of Unknown Origin. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17165708. [PMID: 32784623 PMCID: PMC7459472 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17165708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2020] [Revised: 08/01/2020] [Accepted: 08/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Background: Sugarcane workers in Central America experience a heavy burden of chronic kidney disease of unknown origin. We conducted a pilot study among worker proxies in Guatemala to characterize exposures to particulate matter, silica, heavy metals, and glyphosate, as well as to examine potential nephrotoxic exposures. Methods: Air, soil, and ash samples were collected and analyzed using scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry, and an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Results: The average mass concentration for particulate matter (PM)2.5 and PM100 exposures were 360 µg/m3 (range: 32 to 1500 µg/m3) and 555 µg/m3 (range: 229 to 1170 µg/m3), respectively. The elemental composition of particles was largely silicon. The amount of crystalline silica was below 5 μg, yet the percentage of total silica was ~17% by weight. Putatively, the silica was in the amorphous form. Concentrations of aluminum and calcium ranged from 2–7 μg/m3. Glyphosate was not detectable in analyzed air samples but was detectable at concentrations ranging from 81–165 ppb in soil samples. Conclusion: Sugarcane workers are exposed to high concentrations of particulate matter. Future studies should investigate the potential role of silica, heavy metals, and agrochemicals in the etiology of chronic kidney disease in this population.
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19
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Zhao H, Jiang Z, Lv R, Li X, Xing Y, Gao Y, Lv D, Si Y, Wang J, Li J, Zhao X, Cai L. Transcriptome profile analysis reveals a silica-induced immune response and fibrosis in a silicosis rat model. Toxicol Lett 2020; 333:42-48. [PMID: 32721576 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2020.07.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2020] [Revised: 07/17/2020] [Accepted: 07/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Silicosis is a type of pneumoconiosis caused by the inhalation of silica dust. It is characterized by inflammation and fibrosis of the lung. Although many studies have reported that crystalline silica-inhalation into the lung initiates the immune response, activating effector cells and triggering the inflammatory cascade with subsequent elaboration of the extracellular matrix and fibrosis, the mechanism of silicosis pathogenesis remains unclear. In the present study, we established a silica inhalation-induced silicosis rat model validated by histological and cytokine analyses. RNA-seq and bioinformatic analyses showed that 600 genes were upregulated and 537 genes were downregulated in the silica-treated group. GO enrichment analysis indicates that these differentially expressed genes are enriched in several biological processes including immune response and organism remodeling. KEGG enrichment analysis showed that 53 enriched pathways were mainly associated with human diseases, immune response, signal transduction, and fibrosis process. Since alternative splicing of pre-mRNAs is also essential for the regulation of gene expression, we identified several alternative pre-mRNA splicing events in the fibrotic process. This study will provide a foundation to understand the molecular mechanism of the pulmonary fibrosis caused by silica.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongyu Zhao
- School of Life Science and Technology, Inner Mongolia University of Science and Technology, Baotou, 014010, China; Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Functional Genome Bioinformatics, Inner Mongolia University of Science and Technology, Baotou, 014010, China
| | - Zhiyan Jiang
- School of Life Science and Technology, Inner Mongolia University of Science and Technology, Baotou, 014010, China; Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Functional Genome Bioinformatics, Inner Mongolia University of Science and Technology, Baotou, 014010, China
| | - Runchao Lv
- School of Life Science and Technology, Inner Mongolia University of Science and Technology, Baotou, 014010, China
| | - Xue Li
- School of Life Science and Technology, Inner Mongolia University of Science and Technology, Baotou, 014010, China
| | - Yongqiang Xing
- School of Life Science and Technology, Inner Mongolia University of Science and Technology, Baotou, 014010, China; Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Functional Genome Bioinformatics, Inner Mongolia University of Science and Technology, Baotou, 014010, China
| | - Yanrong Gao
- School of Public Health, Baotou Medical College, Baotou, 014010, China
| | - Da Lv
- School of Life Science and Technology, Inner Mongolia University of Science and Technology, Baotou, 014010, China
| | - Yangming Si
- School of Life Science and Technology, Inner Mongolia University of Science and Technology, Baotou, 014010, China
| | - Jingyan Wang
- School of Life Science and Technology, Inner Mongolia University of Science and Technology, Baotou, 014010, China; Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Functional Genome Bioinformatics, Inner Mongolia University of Science and Technology, Baotou, 014010, China
| | - Jun Li
- School of Life Science and Technology, Inner Mongolia University of Science and Technology, Baotou, 014010, China; Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Functional Genome Bioinformatics, Inner Mongolia University of Science and Technology, Baotou, 014010, China
| | - Xiujuan Zhao
- School of Life Science and Technology, Inner Mongolia University of Science and Technology, Baotou, 014010, China; Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Functional Genome Bioinformatics, Inner Mongolia University of Science and Technology, Baotou, 014010, China
| | - Lu Cai
- School of Life Science and Technology, Inner Mongolia University of Science and Technology, Baotou, 014010, China; Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Functional Genome Bioinformatics, Inner Mongolia University of Science and Technology, Baotou, 014010, China.
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20
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Doney BC, Miller WE, Hale JM, Syamlal G. Estimation of the number of workers exposed to respirable crystalline silica by industry: Analysis of OSHA compliance data (1979-2015). Am J Ind Med 2020; 63:465-477. [PMID: 32270550 PMCID: PMC7814506 DOI: 10.1002/ajim.23109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2019] [Revised: 03/17/2020] [Accepted: 03/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Respirable crystalline silica (RCS) can potentially cause silicosis, lung cancer, and renal failure. The current study estimates the percentages of workers potentially overexposed to concentrations of RCS dust and silicosis proportional mortality rates (PMRs) by industry. METHODS Occupational Safety and Health Administration compliance inspection sampling data for RCS collected during 1979 to 2015 were used to estimate percentages of workers exposed. The results were used in combination with US Census Bureau estimates to produce industry specific worker population estimates for 2014. Estimates of the numbers and percentages of workers exposed to RCS concentrations at least 1, 2, 5, and 10 times the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health recommended exposure limit (REL) were calculated by industry using the 2002 North American Industry Classification System. Silicosis PMRs by industry were estimated using National Center for Health Statistics multiple cause of death data. RESULTS RCS concentrations/workers exposed were highest in the poured concrete foundation and structure contractors; commercial and institutional building construction; and masonry contractors. Approximately 100 000 workers were exposed above the RCS REL, and most (79%) worked in the construction industry. Tile and terrazzo contractors (12%); brick, stone, and related construction merchant wholesalers (10%); masonry contractors (6%) and poured concrete foundation and structure contractors (6%) were the highest percentages of workers potentially overexposed. PMRs were highest for the structural clay product manufacturing and the foundries industries. CONCLUSION Percentages of workers exposed to RCS varied by industry and in some industries workers are exposed over 10 times the REL. Exposures can be reduced below the REL by implementing the hierarchy of controls.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brent C Doney
- Respiratory Health Division, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Morgantown, West Virginia
| | - William E Miller
- Respiratory Health Division, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Morgantown, West Virginia
| | - Janet M Hale
- Respiratory Health Division, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Morgantown, West Virginia
| | - Girija Syamlal
- Respiratory Health Division, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Morgantown, West Virginia
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21
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Gilley KN, Wierenga KA, Chauhuan PS, Wagner JG, Lewandowski RP, Ross EA, Lock AL, Harkema JR, Benninghoff AD, Pestka JJ. Influence of total western diet on docosahexaenoic acid suppression of silica-triggered lupus flaring in NZBWF1 mice. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0233183. [PMID: 32413078 PMCID: PMC7228097 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0233183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2020] [Accepted: 04/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Lupus is a debilitating multi-organ autoimmune disease clinically typified by periods of flare and remission. Exposing lupus-prone female NZBWF1 mice to crystalline silica (cSiO2), a known human autoimmune trigger, mimics flaring by inducing interferon-related gene (IRG) expression, inflammation, ectopic lymphoid structure (ELS) development, and autoantibody production in the lung that collectively accelerate glomerulonephritis. cSiO2-triggered flaring in this model can be prevented by supplementing mouse diet with the ω-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) docosahexaenoic acid (DHA). A limitation of previous studies was the use of purified diet that, although optimized for rodent health, does not reflect the high American intake of saturated fatty acid (SFA), ω-6 PUFAs, and total fat. To address this, we employed here a modified Total Western Diet (mTWD) emulating the 50th percentile U.S. macronutrient distribution to discern how DHA supplementation and/or SFA and ω-6 reduction influences cSiO2-triggered lupus flaring in female NZBWF1 mice. Six-week-old mice were fed isocaloric experimental diets for 2 wks, intranasally instilled with cSiO2 or saline vehicle weekly for 4 wks, and tissues assessed for lupus endpoints 11 wks following cSiO2 instillation. In mice fed basal mTWD, cSiO2 induced robust IRG expression, proinflammatory cytokine and chemokine elevation, leukocyte infiltration, ELS neogenesis, and autoantibody production in the lung, as well as early kidney nephritis onset compared to vehicle-treated mice fed mTWD. Consumption of mTWD containing DHA at the caloric equivalent to a human dose of 5 g/day dramatically suppressed induction of all lupus-associated endpoints. While decreasing SFA and ω-6 in mTWD modestly inhibited some disease markers, DHA addition to this diet was required for maximal protection against lupus development. Taken together, DHA supplementation at a translationally relevant dose was highly effective in preventing cSiO2-triggered lupus flaring in NZBWF1 mice, even against the background of a typical Western diet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristen N. Gilley
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Kathryn A. Wierenga
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, United States of America
- Institute for Integrative Toxicology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Preeti S. Chauhuan
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, United States of America
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, United States of America
| | - James G. Wagner
- Institute for Integrative Toxicology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, United States of America
- Department of Pathobiology and Diagnostic Investigation, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Ryan P. Lewandowski
- Department of Pathobiology and Diagnostic Investigation, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Elizbeth A. Ross
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, United States of America
| | - A. L. Lock
- Department of Animal Science, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Jack R. Harkema
- Institute for Integrative Toxicology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, United States of America
- Department of Pathobiology and Diagnostic Investigation, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Abby D. Benninghoff
- Department of Animal, Dairy and Veterinary Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Utah State University, Logan, Utah, United States of America
| | - James J. Pestka
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, United States of America
- Institute for Integrative Toxicology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, United States of America
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, East Lansing, Michigan, United States of America
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22
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Chen FF, Tang HY, Yu F, Que CL, Zhou FD, Wang SX, Wang GF, Zhao MH. Renal involvement in a silicosis patient - case report and literature review. Ren Fail 2020; 41:1045-1053. [PMID: 31809666 PMCID: PMC6913658 DOI: 10.1080/0886022x.2019.1696209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
A 43-year-old Chinese man with a silicosis history was admitted to our hospital due to bilateral lower extremity edema for 1 year, exacerbating with hematuria for 2 months. He started working as a coal miner 30 years ago, and was diagnosed as silicosis 3 months ago. Lab tests revealed hematuria 3+, proteinuria 3+, and a serum creatinine value 2.47 mg/dl on routine check. He was diagnosed with focal proliferative IgA nephropathy (IgAN) and acute tubulo-interstitial nephritis by renal biopsy. He was treated with corticosteroids and got a remission 4 months later. Immunohistochemical staining showed the deposition of macrophage receptor with collagenous structure (MARCO), nod-like receptor pyrin domain-containing-3 (NLRP3), Caspase-1, apoptosis-associated speck (ASC), interleukin (IL)-1β, and IL-18 in both glomerular and tubulo-interstitial areas. We proposed that the silicon exposure could be related to his kidney disease in the patient and NLRP3 mediated inflammation might be involved in its pathogenesis which needs further explorations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei-Fei Chen
- Renal Division, Department of Medicine, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, P.R. China.,Institute of Nephrology, Peking University, Beijing, P.R. China.,Key Laboratory of Renal Disease, Ministry of Health of China, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Hai-Yan Tang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Feng Yu
- Renal Division, Department of Medicine, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, P.R. China.,Institute of Nephrology, Peking University, Beijing, P.R. China.,Key Laboratory of Renal Disease, Ministry of Health of China, Beijing, P.R. China.,Renal Division, Peking University International Hospital, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Cheng-Li Que
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Fu-de Zhou
- Renal Division, Department of Medicine, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, P.R. China.,Institute of Nephrology, Peking University, Beijing, P.R. China.,Key Laboratory of Renal Disease, Ministry of Health of China, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Su-Xia Wang
- Renal Division, Department of Medicine, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, P.R. China.,Institute of Nephrology, Peking University, Beijing, P.R. China.,Key Laboratory of Renal Disease, Ministry of Health of China, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Guang-Fa Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Ming-Hui Zhao
- Renal Division, Department of Medicine, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, P.R. China.,Institute of Nephrology, Peking University, Beijing, P.R. China.,Key Laboratory of Renal Disease, Ministry of Health of China, Beijing, P.R. China
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23
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Mourad BH, Ashour YA. Demonstration of Subclinical Early Nephrotoxicity Induced by Occupational Exposure to Silica among Workers in Pottery Industry. THE INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF OCCUPATIONAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL MEDICINE 2020; 11:85-94. [PMID: 32218556 PMCID: PMC7205507 DOI: 10.34172/ijoem.2020.1886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2019] [Accepted: 02/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND For many years, several studies drew attention to the possible nephrotoxic effects of silica and distinct renal dysfunction involving glomerular and renal tubules in workers exposed to silica. OBJECTIVE To determine the early signs of subclinical nephrotoxic effects among some Egyptian workers exposed to silica in the pottery industry. METHODS This study was carried out in El-Fawakhir handicraft pottery area, in Greater Cairo, Egypt. The studied population included 29 non-smoking male workers occupationally exposed to silica in addition to 35 non-smoking administrative male subjects who represented the comparison group in the study. Measured urinary parameters were concentrations of total protein (TP), microalbumin (Malb), activities of alkaline phosphatase (ALP), γ-glutamyl transferase (γ-GT), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), kidney injury molecule-1 (KIM-1), and silicon (Si). RESULTS Silica-exposed workers showed significantly (p<0.05) increased levels of urinary TP, Malb, ALP, γ-GT, LDH, and KIM-1 compared with the comparison group. Among the silicaexposed group, increased urinary Si levels were positively and significantly correlated (Spearman's ρ>0.60, p<0.001 for all variables) with the elevated urinary proteins (including KIM-1) and enzymes levels. All measured urinary parameters were positively and significantly correlated (ρ>0.75, p<0.001 for all variables) with the duration of work among exposed subjects. No significant correlation was observed between the measured variables and the age of workers. CONCLUSION There is associated subclinical glomerular and tubular affection among silica exposed workers, which is related to the duration and intensity of exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Basma Hussein Mourad
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Yasmin Adel Ashour
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Hospitals of Ministry of Health, Cairo, Egypt
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Agrawal S, Gernand JM. Quantifying the Economic Impact of Hydraulic Fracturing Proppant Selection in Light of Occupational Exposure Risk and Functional Requirements. RISK ANALYSIS : AN OFFICIAL PUBLICATION OF THE SOCIETY FOR RISK ANALYSIS 2020; 40:319-335. [PMID: 31858619 DOI: 10.1111/risa.13419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2018] [Revised: 08/01/2019] [Accepted: 08/26/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Selection of an effective and economic proppant material for hydraulic fracturing is an important design choice to optimize the production of oil and natural gas. Proppants are made of silica (quartz sand), alumina, resin-coated silica, ceramics, and others. These materials can be toxic to varying degrees and lead to health problems in the employees handling them primarily due to inhalation exposure. Proppants are selected based on grain size, shape, strength, and cost. Current use is dominated by crystalline silica-the proppant that also has the greatest hazard as an inhalation toxin. Existing research describes the effect of silica on human health, but little research has been done to determine the risk-reduction and social-cost-effectiveness associated with using alternative proppants in light of the health risks. This study quantifies the relative risks or benefits to human health by the use of these proppants through an economic analysis considering the health-related economic impact and its technical attributes. Results show that the use of each ton of silica proppant results in $123 of external costs from fatalities and nonfatal illness arising due to exposure to silica for a crew handing 60,000 tons of proppants. If these health-related externalities were incorporated into the cost, silica proppant could be economically replaced by less harmful, more expensive alternatives for hydraulic fracturing crews handling less than 60,000 tons of proppant each year.
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Peters CE, Bogaert L, Latifovic L, Kachuri L, Harris SA, Parent ME, Villeneuve PJ. Exposure to crystalline silica in Canadian workplaces and the risk of kidney cancer. Occup Environ Med 2019; 76:668-671. [PMID: 31413189 DOI: 10.1136/oemed-2019-105870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2019] [Revised: 07/05/2019] [Accepted: 07/15/2019] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The causes of kidney cancer are not well understood though occupational exposures are thought to play a role. Crystalline silica is a known human carcinogen, and despite previous links with kidney disease, there have been few studies investigating its association with kidney cancer. We addressed this research gap using a population-based case-control study of Canadian men. METHODS Questionnaire data were obtained from individuals with histologically confirmed kidney cancer, and population-based controls recruited from eight Canadian provinces (1994-1997). An industrial hygienist characterised participants' lifetime occupational exposure, and their confidence in the assessment (possibly, probably or definitely exposed) to silica on three dimensions (intensity, frequency and duration), and cumulative exposure was estimated. Logistic regression was used to estimate ORs and 95% CIs, adjusting for potential confounders. RESULTS Nearly half of the 689 kidney cancer cases (49%) and 2369 controls (44%) had ever been occupationally exposed to crystalline silica. In a fully adjusted model, workers ever-exposed to silica had a slightly increased risk of kidney cancer relative to those who were unexposed (OR 1.10, 95% CI 0.92 to 1.32). Odds were modestly (and generally not statistically significantly) increased for models with duration of exposure and cumulative exposure, though exposure-response relationships were not evident. CONCLUSIONS Our findings do not provide evidence that occupational exposure to crystalline silica increases risk of kidney cancer in men.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheryl E Peters
- Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention Research, Alberta Health Services, Calgary, Alberta, Canada .,Community Health Sciences and Oncology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.,Department of Health Sciences, Carleton University, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Laura Bogaert
- Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Institute for Work and Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Lidija Latifovic
- Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Prevention, Screening & Cancer Control, Cancer Care Ontario, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Linda Kachuri
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Shelley A Harris
- Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Occupational Cancer Research Centre, Cancer Care Ontario, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Marie-Elise Parent
- INRS-Institut Armand-Frappier, Institut national de la recherche scientifique, Laval, Quebec, Canada
| | - Paul J Villeneuve
- Department of Health Sciences, Carleton University, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
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Johnson RJ, Wesseling C, Newman LS. Chronic Kidney Disease of Unknown Cause in Agricultural Communities. N Engl J Med 2019; 380:1843-1852. [PMID: 31067373 DOI: 10.1056/nejmra1813869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 163] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Richard J Johnson
- From the Division of Renal Diseases and Hypertension (R.J.J.), the Colorado Consortium on Climate Change and Health (R.J.J., L.S.N.), the Center for Health, Work & Environment, and the Departments of Environmental and Occupational Health and Epidemiology, Colorado School of Public Health (L.S.N.), and the Division of Pulmonary Sciences and Critical Care Medicine (L.S.N.), University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, and the Division of Nephrology, Rocky Mountain Regional Veterans Health Administration Hospital, Department of Veterans Affairs (R.J.J.) - all in Aurora; the Unit of Occupational Medicine, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm (C.W.); and La Isla Network, Washington, DC (C.W.)
| | - Catharina Wesseling
- From the Division of Renal Diseases and Hypertension (R.J.J.), the Colorado Consortium on Climate Change and Health (R.J.J., L.S.N.), the Center for Health, Work & Environment, and the Departments of Environmental and Occupational Health and Epidemiology, Colorado School of Public Health (L.S.N.), and the Division of Pulmonary Sciences and Critical Care Medicine (L.S.N.), University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, and the Division of Nephrology, Rocky Mountain Regional Veterans Health Administration Hospital, Department of Veterans Affairs (R.J.J.) - all in Aurora; the Unit of Occupational Medicine, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm (C.W.); and La Isla Network, Washington, DC (C.W.)
| | - Lee S Newman
- From the Division of Renal Diseases and Hypertension (R.J.J.), the Colorado Consortium on Climate Change and Health (R.J.J., L.S.N.), the Center for Health, Work & Environment, and the Departments of Environmental and Occupational Health and Epidemiology, Colorado School of Public Health (L.S.N.), and the Division of Pulmonary Sciences and Critical Care Medicine (L.S.N.), University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, and the Division of Nephrology, Rocky Mountain Regional Veterans Health Administration Hospital, Department of Veterans Affairs (R.J.J.) - all in Aurora; the Unit of Occupational Medicine, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm (C.W.); and La Isla Network, Washington, DC (C.W.)
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Bates MA, Benninghoff AD, Gilley KN, Holian A, Harkema JR, Pestka JJ. Mapping of Dynamic Transcriptome Changes Associated With Silica-Triggered Autoimmune Pathogenesis in the Lupus-Prone NZBWF1 Mouse. Front Immunol 2019; 10:632. [PMID: 30984195 PMCID: PMC6450439 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.00632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2018] [Accepted: 03/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Crystalline silica (cSiO2) is a widely recognized environmental trigger of autoimmune disease. In the lupus-prone female NZBWF1 mouse, airway exposure to cSiO2 triggers pulmonary ectopic lymphoid neogenesis, systemic autoantibody elevation, and glomerulonephritis. Here we tested the hypothesis that upregulation of adaptive immune function genes in the lung precedes cSiO2-triggering of autoimmune disease in this model. The study include three groups of mice, as follows: (1) necropsied 1 d after a single intranasal instillation of 1 mg cSiO2 or vehicle, (2) necropsied 1 d after four weekly single instillations of 1 mg cSiO2 or vehicle, or (3) necropsied 1, 5, 9, or 13 weeks after four weekly single instillations of 1 mg cSiO2 or vehicle. NanoString nCounter analysis revealed modest transcriptional changes associated with innate and adaptive immune response as early as 1 d after a single cSiO2 instillation. These responses were greatly expanded after four weekly cSiO2 instillations. Concurrent with ectopic lymphoid neogenesis, dramatic increases in mRNAs associated with chemokine release, cytokine production, sustained interferon activity, complement activation, and adhesion molecules were observed. As disease progressed, expression of these genes persisted and was further amplified. Consistent with autoimmune pathogenesis, the time between 5 and 9 weeks post-instillation reflected an important transition period where considerable immune gene upregulation in the lung was observed. Upon termination of the chronic study (13 weeks), cSiO2-induced changes in transcriptome signatures were similarly robust in kidney as compared to the lung, but more modest in spleen. Transcriptomic signatures in lung and kidney were indicative of infiltration and/or expansion of neutrophils, macrophages, dendritic cells, B cells, and T cells that corresponded with accelerated autoimmune pathogenesis. Taken together, airway exposure to cSiO2 elicited aberrant mRNA signatures for both innate and adaptive immunity that were consistent with establishment of the lung as the central autoimmune nexus for launching systemic autoimmunity and ultimately, kidney injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa A Bates
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States.,Institute for Integrative Toxicology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States
| | - Abby D Benninghoff
- Department of Animal, Dairy and Veterinary Sciences and the School of Veterinary Medicine, Utah State University, Logan, UT, United States
| | - Kristen N Gilley
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States
| | - Andrij Holian
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Center for Environmental Health Sciences, University of Montana, Missoula, MT, United States
| | - Jack R Harkema
- Department of Pathobiology and Diagnostic Investigation, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States
| | - James J Pestka
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States.,Institute for Integrative Toxicology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States.,Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States
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Puerari RC, Ferrari E, de Cezar MG, Gonçalves RA, Simioni C, Ouriques LC, Vicentini DS, Matias WG. Investigation of toxicological effects of amorphous silica nanostructures with amine-functionalized surfaces on Vero cells. CHEMOSPHERE 2019; 214:679-687. [PMID: 30292050 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2018.09.165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2018] [Revised: 09/27/2018] [Accepted: 09/28/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Amorphous silica (SiO2) nanostructures are described in the literature as having low toxicity and are widely used in many industrial products. However, surface modifications, such as amine-functionalization, can result in increased cytotoxicity. In this study, amorphous SiO2 nanostructures (SiO2 NS) were synthesized and amine-functionalized with two different amine molecules: primary (SiO2 NS@1) and tri-amine (SiO2 NS@3). The materials were characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), zeta potential (ZP), effective diameter (ED) and surface area measurements, X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The toxicity of the three SiO2 NS samples toward Vero cells was evaluated. According to the methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium (MTT) assay, the IC50,24h was 1.477 ± 0.12 g L-1 for SiO2 NS, 0.254 ± 0.07 g L-1 for SiO2 NS@1 and 0.117 ± 0.05 g L-1 for SiO2 NS@3. The order of cytotoxicity was SiO2 NS@3 > SiO2 NS@1 » SiO2 NS. There was an increase in malondialdehyde (MDA) levels and ROS productions in the cells exposed to all three materials. Also, TEM images showed damage on the mitochondria and rough endoplasmic reticulum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rodrigo Costa Puerari
- Department of Sanitary and Environmental Engineering, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil
| | - Emeline Ferrari
- Department of Basic and Applied Sciences, University of Lorraine, Metz, France
| | - Martina Garcia de Cezar
- Department of Sanitary and Environmental Engineering, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil
| | - Renata Amanda Gonçalves
- Department of Sanitary and Environmental Engineering, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil
| | - Carmen Simioni
- Department of Cell Biology, Embryology and Genetics Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil
| | - Luciane Cristina Ouriques
- Department of Cell Biology, Embryology and Genetics Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil
| | - Denice Schulz Vicentini
- Department of Sanitary and Environmental Engineering, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil
| | - William Gerson Matias
- Department of Sanitary and Environmental Engineering, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil.
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Mascarenhas S, Mutnuri S, Ganguly A. Silica - A trace geogenic element with emerging nephrotoxic potential. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2018; 645:297-317. [PMID: 30029111 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.07.075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2018] [Revised: 06/14/2018] [Accepted: 07/06/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Silica is a trace-geogenic compound with limited-bioavailability. It inflicts health-perils like pulmonary-silicosis and chronic kidney disease (CKD), when available via anthropogenic-disturbances. Amidst silica-imposed pathologies, pulmonary toxicological-mechanisms are well-described, ignoring the renal-pathophysiological mechanisms. Hence, the present-study aimed to elucidate cellular-cum-molecular toxicological-mechanisms underlying silica-induced renal-pathology in-vitro. Various toxicity-assessments were used to study effects of silica on the physiological-functions of HK-cells (human-kidney proximal-tubular cells - the toxin's prime target) on chronic (1-7 days) sub-toxic (80 mg/L) and toxic (100-120 mg/L) dosing. Results depicted that silica triggered dose-cum-time dependent cytotoxicity/cell-death (MTT-assay) that significantly increased on long-term dosing with ≥100 mg/L silica; establishing the nephrotoxic-potential of this dose. Contrarily, insignificant cell-death on sub-toxic (80 mg/L) dosing was attributed to rapid intracellular toxin-clearance at lower-doses preventing toxic-effects. The proximal-tubular (HK-cells) cytotoxicity was found to be primarily mediated by silica-triggered incessant oxidative-stress (elevated ROS).·This enhanced ROS inflicted severe inflammation and subsequent fibrosis, evident from increased pro-inflammatory-cum-fibrogenic cytokines generation (IL-1β, IL-2, IL-6, TNF-α and TGF-β). Simultaneously, ROS induced persistent DNA-damage (Comet-assay) that stimulated G2/M arrest for p53-mediated damage-repair, aided by checkpoint-promoter (Chk1) activation and mitotic-inducers (i.e. Cdc-25, Cdk1, cyclinB1) inhibition. However, DNA-injuries surpassed the cellular-repair, which provoked the p53-gene to induce mitochondrial-mediated apoptotic cell-death via activation of Bax, cytochrome-c and caspase-cascade (9/3). This persistent apoptotic cell-death and simultaneous incessant inflammation culminated in the development of tubular-atrophy and fibrosis, the major pathological-manifestations of CKD. These findings provided novel-insights into the pathological-mechanisms (cellular and molecular) of silica-induced CKD, inflicted on chronic toxic-dosing (≥100 mg/L).Thereby, encouraging the development of therapeutic-strategies (e.g. anti-oxidant treatment) for specific molecular-targets (e.g. ROS) to retard silica-induced CKD-progression, for reduction in the global-CKD burden.
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Affiliation(s)
- Starlaine Mascarenhas
- Department of Biological Sciences, BITS Pilani, K K Birla Goa Campus, NH 17 B, Zuarinagar, Goa 403 726, India.
| | - Srikanth Mutnuri
- Department of Biological Sciences, BITS Pilani, K K Birla Goa Campus, NH 17 B, Zuarinagar, Goa 403 726, India.
| | - Anasuya Ganguly
- Department of Biological Sciences, BITS Pilani, K K Birla Goa Campus, NH 17 B, Zuarinagar, Goa 403 726, India.
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Bates MA, Akbari P, Gilley KN, Wagner JG, Li N, Kopec AK, Wierenga KA, Jackson-Humbles D, Brandenberger C, Holian A, Benninghoff AD, Harkema JR, Pestka JJ. Dietary Docosahexaenoic Acid Prevents Silica-Induced Development of Pulmonary Ectopic Germinal Centers and Glomerulonephritis in the Lupus-Prone NZBWF1 Mouse. Front Immunol 2018; 9:2002. [PMID: 30258439 PMCID: PMC6143671 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.02002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2018] [Accepted: 08/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Ectopic lymphoid structures (ELS) consist of B-cell and T-cell aggregates that are initiated de novo in inflamed tissues outside of secondary lymphoid organs. When organized within follicular dendritic cell (FDC) networks, ELS contain functional germinal centers that can yield autoantibody-secreting plasma cells and promote autoimmune disease. Intranasal instillation of lupus-prone mice with crystalline silica (cSiO2), a respirable particle linked to human lupus, triggers ELS formation in the lung, systemic autoantibodies, and early onset of glomerulonephritis. Here we tested the hypothesis that consumption of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), an ω-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid with anti-inflammatory properties, influences the temporal profile of cSiO2-induced pulmonary ectopic germinal center formation and development of glomerulonephritis. Female NZBWF1 mice (6-wk old) were fed purified isocaloric diets supplemented with 0, 4, or 10 g/kg DHA - calorically equivalent to 0, 2, or 5 g DHA per day consumption by humans, respectively. Beginning at age 8 wk, mice were intranasally instilled with 1 mg cSiO2, or saline vehicle alone, once per wk, for 4 wk. Cohorts were sacrificed 1, 5, 9, or 13 wk post-instillation (PI) of the last cSiO2 dose, and lung and kidney lesions were investigated by histopathology. Tissue fatty acid analyses confirmed uniform dose-dependent DHA incorporation across all cohorts. As early as 1 wk PI, inflammation comprising of B (CD45R+) and T (CD3+) cell accumulation was observed in lungs of cSiO2-treated mice compared to vehicle controls; these responses intensified over time. Marked follicular dendritic cell (FDC; CD21+/CD35+) networking appeared at 9 and 13 wk PI. IgG+ plasma cells suggestive of mature germinal centers were evident at 13 wk. DHA supplementation dramatically suppressed cSiO2-triggered B-cell, T-cell, FDC, and IgG+ plasma cell appearance in the lungs as well as anti-dsDNA IgG in bronchial lavage fluid and plasma over the course of the experiment. cSiO2 induced glomerulonephritis with concomitant B-cell accumulation in the renal cortex at 13 wk PI but this response was abrogated by DHA feeding. Taken together, realistic dietary DHA supplementation prevented initiation and/or progression of ectopic lymphoid neogenesis, germinal center development, systemic autoantibody elevation, and resultant glomerulonephritis in this unique preclinical model of environment-triggered lupus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa A Bates
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States.,Institute for Integrative Toxicology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States
| | - Peyman Akbari
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States.,Institute for Integrative Toxicology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States.,Department of Pathobiology and Diagnostic Investigation, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States
| | - Kristen N Gilley
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States
| | - James G Wagner
- Department of Pathobiology and Diagnostic Investigation, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States
| | - Ning Li
- Department of Pathobiology and Diagnostic Investigation, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States
| | - Anna K Kopec
- Institute for Integrative Toxicology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States.,Department of Pathobiology and Diagnostic Investigation, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States
| | - Kathryn A Wierenga
- Institute for Integrative Toxicology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States
| | - Daven Jackson-Humbles
- Department of Pathobiology and Diagnostic Investigation, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States
| | | | - Andrij Holian
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Center for Environmental Health Sciences, University of Montana, Missoula, MT, United States
| | - Abby D Benninghoff
- Department of Animal, Dairy and Veterinary Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Utah State University, Logan, UT, United States
| | - Jack R Harkema
- Institute for Integrative Toxicology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States.,Department of Pathobiology and Diagnostic Investigation, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States
| | - James J Pestka
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States.,Institute for Integrative Toxicology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States.,Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States
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Andraos C, Utembe W, Gulumian M. Exceedance of environmental exposure limits to crystalline silica in communities surrounding gold mine tailings storage facilities in South Africa. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2018; 619-620:504-516. [PMID: 29156270 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.11.135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2017] [Revised: 11/09/2017] [Accepted: 11/12/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Unlike occupational silica exposures, the association between non-occupational silica exposures and adverse health effects is not well researched, despite its occurrence in communities close to dust-generating sources such as tailings storage facilities (TSFs). Recent studies have shown that communities surrounding TSFs in South Africa often complain about the onset of dust-related health effects. Even though international interim non-occupational crystalline silica limits have been established, South Africa is yet to enforce its own limits for residential areas close to TSF sites. OBJECTIVE The objective of the study was to assess the need to enforce non-occupational crystalline silica limits for South Africa. METHODS The methods involved (1) Quantifying the silica polymorph content in bulk dust collected from TSFs in South Africa; (2) Assessing the possibility of the dust to reach surrounding communities through ambient and personal filter sampling and; (3) Conducting risk characterisation for both cancer and non-cancer endpoints. RESULTS All bulk dust samples consisted mostly of crystalline silica (73.14-87.09%). Large percentages of nanoparticles were identified in all bulk samples (66.8-70.7%) indicating the possibility of the dust to lodge deep within the lungs. The crystalline silica levels obtained from ambient PM10 sampling and personal PM4 sampling all exceeded the international crystalline silica interim limits and reached maximum levels of 90 and 50.9μg·m-3, respectively. For three TSFs, sampling sites close to the TSFs showed higher PM4 silica levels compared to sites further from TSFs. Risk characterisation revealed the possibility of cancer and non-cancer health effects when chronically exposed to silica levels recorded during the study. CONCLUSION The results indicate unacceptable crystalline silica exposures in surrounding communities and the need for enforcement of an ambient silica limit for South Africa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charlene Andraos
- Toxicology Department, National Institute for Occupational Health, PO Box 4788, Johannesburg 2000, South Africa; Haematology and Molecular Medicine Department, University of the Witwatersrand, Private Bag 3, Wits, 2050 Johannesburg, South Africa.
| | - Wells Utembe
- Toxicology Department, National Institute for Occupational Health, PO Box 4788, Johannesburg 2000, South Africa.
| | - Mary Gulumian
- Toxicology Department, National Institute for Occupational Health, PO Box 4788, Johannesburg 2000, South Africa; Haematology and Molecular Medicine Department, University of the Witwatersrand, Private Bag 3, Wits, 2050 Johannesburg, South Africa.
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Möhner M, Pohrt A, Gellissen J. Occupational exposure to respirable crystalline silica and chronic non-malignant renal disease: systematic review and meta-analysis. Int Arch Occup Environ Health 2017; 90:555-574. [PMID: 28409224 PMCID: PMC5583269 DOI: 10.1007/s00420-017-1219-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2016] [Accepted: 04/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Background While occupational exposure to respirable silica is known to lead to lung disease, most notably silicosis, its association with chronic kidney disease is unclear. Objectives This review explores the association between occupational exposure to respirable silica and chronic non-malignant renal disease such as glomerulonephritis. The evidence has been collected and compiled. Possible sources of bias are thoroughly discussed. Methods Cohort studies with silica exposure and case–control studies of renal disease were searched in PubMed until January 2015. Two authors independently abstracted data; any disagreement was resolved by consulting a third reviewer. A meta-analysis was performed to evaluate the association to silica exposure. Results A total of 23 cohort and four case–control studies were included in the analysis. The meta-analysis of cohort studies yielded elevated overall SMRs for renal disease. Some studies, however, included dose–response analyses, most of which did not show a positive trend. The approaches and results of the case–control studies were very heterogeneous. Conclusions While the studies of cohorts exposed to silica found elevated SMRs for renal disease, no clear evidence of a dose–response relationship emerged. The elevated risk may be attributed to diagnostic and methodological issues. In order to permit a reliable estimation of a possible causal link, exposed cohorts should be monitored for renal disease, as the information from mortality studies is hardly reliable in this field. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1007/s00420-017-1219-x) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthias Möhner
- Division of Work and Health, Federal Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Nöldnerstr. 40/42, 10317, Berlin, Germany.
| | - Anne Pohrt
- Division of Work and Health, Federal Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Nöldnerstr. 40/42, 10317, Berlin, Germany
| | - Johannes Gellissen
- Division of Work and Health, Federal Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Nöldnerstr. 40/42, 10317, Berlin, Germany
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Sellamuthu R, Umbright C, Roberts JR, Young SH, Richardson D, McKinney W, Chen BT, Li S, Kashon M, Joseph P. Molecular mechanisms of pulmonary response progression in crystalline silica exposed rats. Inhal Toxicol 2017; 29:53-64. [PMID: 28317464 DOI: 10.1080/08958378.2017.1282064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
An understanding of the mechanisms underlying diseases is critical for their prevention. Excessive exposure to crystalline silica is a risk factor for silicosis, a potentially fatal pulmonary disease. Male Fischer 344 rats were exposed by inhalation to crystalline silica (15 mg/m3, six hours/day, five days) and pulmonary response was determined at 44 weeks following termination of silica exposure. Additionally, global gene expression profiling in lungs and BAL cells and bioinformatic analysis of the gene expression data were done to understand the molecular mechanisms underlying the progression of pulmonary response to silica. A significant increase in lactate dehydrogenase activity and albumin content in BAL fluid (BALF) suggested silica-induced pulmonary toxicity in the rats. A significant increase in the number of alveolar macrophages and infiltrating neutrophils in the lungs and elevation in monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) in BALF suggested the induction of pulmonary inflammation in the silica exposed rats. Histological changes in the lungs included granuloma formation, type II pneumocyte hyperplasia, thickening of alveolar septa and positive response to Masson's trichrome stain. Microarray analysis of global gene expression detected 94 and 225 significantly differentially expressed genes in the lungs and BAL cells, respectively. Bioinformatic analysis of the gene expression data identified significant enrichment of several disease and biological function categories and canonical pathways related to pulmonary toxicity, especially inflammation. Taken together, these data suggested the involvement of chronic inflammation as a mechanism underlying the progression of pulmonary response to exposure of rats to crystalline silica at 44 weeks following termination of exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajendran Sellamuthu
- a Health Effects Laboratory Division , National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) , Morgantown , WV , USA
| | - Christina Umbright
- a Health Effects Laboratory Division , National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) , Morgantown , WV , USA
| | - Jenny R Roberts
- a Health Effects Laboratory Division , National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) , Morgantown , WV , USA
| | - Shih-Houng Young
- a Health Effects Laboratory Division , National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) , Morgantown , WV , USA
| | - Diana Richardson
- a Health Effects Laboratory Division , National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) , Morgantown , WV , USA
| | - Walter McKinney
- a Health Effects Laboratory Division , National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) , Morgantown , WV , USA
| | - Bean T Chen
- a Health Effects Laboratory Division , National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) , Morgantown , WV , USA
| | - Shengqiao Li
- a Health Effects Laboratory Division , National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) , Morgantown , WV , USA
| | - Michael Kashon
- a Health Effects Laboratory Division , National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) , Morgantown , WV , USA
| | - Pius Joseph
- a Health Effects Laboratory Division , National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) , Morgantown , WV , USA
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Umbright C, Sellamuthu R, Roberts JR, Young SH, Richardson D, Schwegler-Berry D, McKinney W, Chen B, Gu JK, Kashon M, Joseph P. Pulmonary toxicity and global gene expression changes in response to sub-chronic inhalation exposure to crystalline silica in rats. JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH. PART A 2017; 80:1349-1368. [PMID: 29165057 DOI: 10.1080/15287394.2017.1384773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2017] [Accepted: 09/22/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Exposure to crystalline silica results in serious adverse health effects, most notably, silicosis. An understanding of the mechanism(s) underlying silica-induced pulmonary toxicity is critical for the intervention and/or prevention of its adverse health effects. Rats were exposed by inhalation to crystalline silica at a concentration of 15 mg/m3, 6 hr/day, 5 days/week for 3, 6 or 12 weeks. Pulmonary toxicity and global gene expression profiles were determined in lungs at the end of each exposure period. Crystalline silica was visible in lungs of rats especially in the 12-week group. Pulmonary toxicity, as evidenced by an increase in lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activity and albumin content and accumulation of macrophages and neutrophils in the bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL), was seen in animals depending upon silica exposure duration. The most severe histological changes, noted in the 12-week exposure group, consisted of chronic active inflammation, type II pneumocyte hyperplasia, and fibrosis. Microarray analysis of lung gene expression profiles detected significant differential expression of 38, 77, and 99 genes in rats exposed to silica for 3-, 6-, or 12-weeks, respectively, compared to time-matched controls. Among the significantly differentially expressed genes (SDEG), 32 genes were common in all exposure groups. Bioinformatics analysis of the SDEG identified enrichment of functions, networks and canonical pathways related to inflammation, cancer, oxidative stress, fibrosis, and tissue remodeling in response to silica exposure. Collectively, these results provided insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying pulmonary toxicity following sub-chronic inhalation exposure to crystalline silica in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina Umbright
- a Toxicology and Molecular Biology Branch, Health Effects Laboratory Division , National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) , Morgantown , WV , USA
| | - Rajendran Sellamuthu
- a Toxicology and Molecular Biology Branch, Health Effects Laboratory Division , National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) , Morgantown , WV , USA
| | - Jenny R Roberts
- a Toxicology and Molecular Biology Branch, Health Effects Laboratory Division , National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) , Morgantown , WV , USA
| | - Shih-Houng Young
- a Toxicology and Molecular Biology Branch, Health Effects Laboratory Division , National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) , Morgantown , WV , USA
| | - Diana Richardson
- a Toxicology and Molecular Biology Branch, Health Effects Laboratory Division , National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) , Morgantown , WV , USA
| | - Diane Schwegler-Berry
- a Toxicology and Molecular Biology Branch, Health Effects Laboratory Division , National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) , Morgantown , WV , USA
| | - Walter McKinney
- a Toxicology and Molecular Biology Branch, Health Effects Laboratory Division , National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) , Morgantown , WV , USA
| | - Bean Chen
- a Toxicology and Molecular Biology Branch, Health Effects Laboratory Division , National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) , Morgantown , WV , USA
| | - Ja Kook Gu
- a Toxicology and Molecular Biology Branch, Health Effects Laboratory Division , National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) , Morgantown , WV , USA
| | - Michael Kashon
- a Toxicology and Molecular Biology Branch, Health Effects Laboratory Division , National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) , Morgantown , WV , USA
| | - Pius Joseph
- a Toxicology and Molecular Biology Branch, Health Effects Laboratory Division , National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) , Morgantown , WV , USA
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Dessombz A, Coulibaly G, Kirakoya B, Ouedraogo RW, Lengani A, Rouziere S, Weil R, Picaut L, Bonhomme C, Babonneau F, Bazin D, Daudon M. Structural elucidation of silica present in kidney stones coming from Burkina Faso. CR CHIM 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.crci.2016.06.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Sponholtz TR, Sandler DP, Parks CG, Applebaum KM. Occupational exposures and chronic kidney disease: Possible associations with endotoxin and ultrafine particles. Am J Ind Med 2016; 59:1-11. [PMID: 26572099 DOI: 10.1002/ajim.22541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/27/2015] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic kidney disease (CKD) carries a high public health burden yet there is limited research on occupational factors, which are examined in this retrospective case-control study. METHODS Newly diagnosed cases of CKD (n = 547) and controls (n = 508) from North Carolina provided detailed work histories in telephone interviews. Unconditional logistic regression was used to estimate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). RESULTS There was heterogeneity in the association of CKD and agricultural work, with crop production associated with increased risk and work with livestock associated with decreased risk. Work with cutting/cooling/lubricating oils was associated with a reduced risk. CKD risk was increased for working in dusty conditions. CONCLUSIONS CKD risk was reduced in subjects with occupational exposures previously reported to involve endotoxin exposure. Further, exposure to dusty conditions was consistently associated with increased risk of glomerulonephritis across industry, suggesting that research on CKD and ultrafine particulates is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Todd R. Sponholtz
- Department of Epidemiology; Boston University School of Public Health; Boston Massachusetts
| | - Dale P. Sandler
- Epidemiology Branch; National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences; Research Triangle Park North Carolina
| | - Christine G. Parks
- Epidemiology Branch; National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences; Research Triangle Park North Carolina
| | - Katie M. Applebaum
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health; Milken Institute School of Public Health; George Washington University; Washington District of Columbia
- Department of Environmental Health; Harvard School of Public Health; Boston Massachusetts
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Millerick-May ML, Schrauben S, Reilly MJ, Rosenman KD. Silicosis and chronic renal disease. Am J Ind Med 2015; 58:730-6. [PMID: 25940153 DOI: 10.1002/ajim.22465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/27/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Silica has been associated with end stage kidney disease and kidney dysfunction. METHODS Calculated glomerular filtration rate, history of kidney disease or chronic dialysis, elevated serum creatinine, and stages of chronic kidney disease among silicotics identified in Michigan's Silicosis Surveillance System from 1987 to 2009 were reviewed to determine the prevalence of kidney disease in confirmed cases of silicosis. RESULTS Twenty-four percent of 1,072 silicotics had a measure of kidney dysfunction (32.3% if diabetes or hypertension present vs. 20.2% if not). Sixty-nine percent of silicotics had Stage I or greater chronic kidney dysfunction versus 38.8% of the U.S. general population ≥60 years. No association was found between kidney function and measures of silica exposure. CONCLUSIONS Individuals with silicosis have an increased prevalence of kidney disease. More work to define the pathological changes associated with silica exposure is needed to understand the cause of silica's adverse effect on the kidney.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa L. Millerick-May
- Department of Medicine; College of Human Medicine; Michigan State University; East Lansing Michigan
| | - Sarah Schrauben
- Division of Renal; Electrolyte and Hypertension; University of Pennsylvania Health System; Philadelphia Pennsylvania
| | - Mary Jo Reilly
- Department of Medicine; College of Human Medicine; Michigan State University; East Lansing Michigan
| | - Kenneth D. Rosenman
- Department of Medicine; College of Human Medicine; Michigan State University; East Lansing Michigan
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Bates MA, Brandenberger C, Langohr I, Kumagai K, Harkema JR, Holian A, Pestka JJ. Silica Triggers Inflammation and Ectopic Lymphoid Neogenesis in the Lungs in Parallel with Accelerated Onset of Systemic Autoimmunity and Glomerulonephritis in the Lupus-Prone NZBWF1 Mouse. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0125481. [PMID: 25978333 PMCID: PMC4433215 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0125481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2014] [Accepted: 03/18/2015] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Genetic predisposition and environmental factors influence the development of human autoimmune disease. Occupational exposure to crystalline silica (cSiO2) has been etiologically linked to increased incidence of autoimmunity, including systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), but the underlying mechanisms are poorly understood. The purpose of this study was to test the hypothesis that early repeated short-term cSiO2 exposure will modulate both latency and severity of autoimmunity in the lupus-prone female NZBWF1 mouse. Weekly intranasal exposure to cSiO2 (0.25 and 1.0 mg) for 4 wk beginning at 9 wk of age both reduced latency and increased intensity of glomerulonephritis. cSiO2 elicited robust inflammatory responses in the lungs as evidenced by extensive perivascular and peribronchial lymphoplasmacytic infiltration consisting of IgG-producing plasma cells, and CD45R+ and CD3+ lymphocytes that were highly suggestive of ectopic lymphoid tissue (ELT). In addition, there were elevated concentrations of immunoglobulins and the cytokines MCP-1, TNF-α and IL-6 in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid. cSiO2-associated kidney and lung effects paralleled dose-dependent elevations of autoantibodies and proinflammatory cytokines in plasma. Taken together, cSiO2-induced pulmonary inflammation and ectopic lymphoid neogenesis in the NZBWF1 mouse corresponded closely to systemic inflammatory and autoimmune responses as well as the early initiation of pathological outcomes in the kidney. These findings suggest that following airway exposure to crystalline silica, in mice genetically prone to SLE, the lung serves as a platform for triggering systemic autoimmunity and glomerulonephritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa A. Bates
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, United States of America
- Center for Integrative Toxicology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Christina Brandenberger
- Department of Pathobiology and Diagnostic Investigation, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, United States of America
- Functional and Applied Anatomy, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Ingeborg Langohr
- Department of Pathobiological Studies, School of Veterinary Medicine, Louisiana State University, Baton Rogue, Louisiana, United States of America
| | - Kazuyoshi Kumagai
- Center for Integrative Toxicology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, United States of America
- Department of Pathobiology and Diagnostic Investigation, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Jack R. Harkema
- Center for Integrative Toxicology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, United States of America
- Department of Pathobiology and Diagnostic Investigation, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Andrij Holian
- Center for Environmental Health Sciences, University of Montana, Missoula, Montana, United States of America
| | - James J. Pestka
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, United States of America
- Center for Integrative Toxicology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Assadi SN. Is a long term work in automotive industry a risk factor for renal dysfunction? Ann Med Health Sci Res 2015; 5:103-7. [PMID: 25861528 PMCID: PMC4389323 DOI: 10.4103/2141-9248.153610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Disorders of renal system can cause renal failure; therefore screening is necessary especially in workers who are exposed to harmful materials. Hypertension, diabetes mellitus, and hazardous exposures are non-occupational and occupational risk factors for renal diseases. Aim: The objective of this study was to determine the effects of working in automotive industry on renal function in Iran. Subjects and Methods: In a historical cohort study, workers of automotive industry who worked in production and had low exposure to metal fumes were selected and divided to three groups with 5–10, 11–20, and 21–30 years work duration. risk factors for renal diseases were collected and analyzed with SPSS using one-way ANOVA, correlation coefficient and with P < 0.05 and relative risk with a confidence interval (CI). Results: The means of work duration in Groups (A), (B) and (C) were 9.8 (0.6), 13.8 (2.0), 22.3 (1.6) years respectively with ANOVA (F) =187.864 and P < 0.01. Glomerular filtration rate (GFR) was 59.75 (0.70), 59.16 (1.52) and 59.10 (2.23) in Groups (A), (B), and (C) respectfully The relative risk of creatinine clearance, uric acid and mean blood pressure were the highest in Group (B); 1.970 - CI, 0.541–7.169, 1.571 95% CI: 0.198–12.470, and 1.519 95% CI: 0.425–5.426, but the differences were not significant. Conclusion: GFRs were decreased with work duration, but the differences were not significant. Working in automotive Industry with low exposure to toxic metals and solvents has no significant effect on GFR, creatinine clearance, uric acid, and mean blood pressure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyedeh Negar Assadi
- Department of Occupational Health Engineering, Health Sciences Research Center, School of Health, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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Acute tubular necrosis after ingestion of a fertilizer containing sodium silicate. Case Rep Nephrol 2015; 2014:792954. [PMID: 25574406 PMCID: PMC4276122 DOI: 10.1155/2014/792954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2014] [Accepted: 11/13/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Silica nephropathy occurs after chronic heavy exposure to silica, resulting in the development of chronic kidney disease and progression to end-stage renal disease. However, acute kidney injury due to silica exposure is rare and its renal pathology remains unclear. Here, we report a case of acute sodium silica poisoning presenting as acute kidney injury.
A 42-year-old man ingested a fertilizer containing sodium silicate. His serum creatinine increased by 5.06 mg/dL from 1.1 mg/dL 2 days after silicate ingestion. Owing to the decline in kidney function despite fluid therapy, a kidney biopsy was performed. The kidney showed acute tubular necrosis without infiltration of inflammatory cells. On day 5 of admission, hemodialysis was initiated to treat the hyperkalemia and oliguria, and treatment with methylprednisolone was initiated for the acute lung injury. The patient was administered 1 mg/kg of methylprednisolone intravenously daily for 2 weeks, followed by a 2-week taper. Hemodialysis was discontinued on day 10 and the patient's renal function recovered completely. However, he died on day 40 of hospitalization owing to complicated lung fibrosis and persistent pneumothorax/pneumomediastinum.
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Parks CG, De Roos AJ. Pesticides, chemical and industrial exposures in relation to systemic lupus erythematosus. Lupus 2014; 23:527-36. [PMID: 24763537 DOI: 10.1177/0961203313511680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Growing evidence suggests exposure to chemicals and industrial pollutants may increase risk of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Here we review research on SLE associations with occupational and industrial exposures, primarily drawing on studies in human populations and summarizing epidemiologic research published in the past decade. The association of occupational silica exposure with SLE is well established, but key questions remain, including the required dose and susceptibility factors, and SLE risk due to other silicate exposures. Research on SLE and other exposures is less well developed, though several potential associations merit further consideration because of the consistency of preliminary human findings, experimental animal research, and biologic plausibility. These include pesticides and solvents, for which experimental findings also support investigation of specific agents, including organochlorines and trichloroethylene. Experimental findings and biologic plausibility suggest research on SLE and occupational exposure to hydrocarbons (i.e. mineral oils) is warranted, especially given the widespread exposures in the population. Experimental and limited human findings support further investigation of SLE related to mercury exposure, especially in dental occupations. Research on environmental risk factors in risk-enriched cohorts (family-based) is recommended, as is further investigation of exposures in relation to intermediate markers of effect (e.g. antinuclear antibodies), clinical features (e.g. nephritis), and outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- C G Parks
- 1Epidemiology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, NC, USA
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Effects of silica exposure on the cardiac and renal inflammatory and fibrotic response and the antagonistic role of interleukin-1 beta in C57BL/6 mice. Arch Toxicol 2014; 90:247-58. [PMID: 25388157 DOI: 10.1007/s00204-014-1405-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2014] [Accepted: 10/27/2014] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Current epidemiological studies suggest that crystalline silica exposure is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular and renal disease; however, the potential pathological damage of the heart and kidney and its underlying mechanisms have not been completely elucidated. This study tried to investigate the silica-induced inflammatory and fibrotic changes in the heart and kidney and evaluate the role of interleukin (IL)-1 beta (β) in silica-induced cardiac and renal damage. In this study, a silica-exposed model was generated by intratracheally instilling silica dust in mice. The anti-IL-1β monoclonal antibody (mAb) was used to neutralise IL-1β in the pulmonary alveolus and serum. The real-time PCR studies showed that (1) inhalational silica induced inflammatory responses in the heart and kidney by elevated mRNA levels of TNF-α, IL-6 and MCP-1; (2) early fibrotic responses in the heart were observed as elevated mRNA levels of collagen I and fibronectin. What is more, fibrosis of the kidney was demonstrated by pathological results and significantly increased mRNA levels of TGF-β, collagen I, collagen III and fibronectin. Further studies showed that usage of anti-IL-1β mAb decreased the inflammatory response of the heart and kidney induced by inhalational silica and also attenuated fibrosis in the mouse kidney. In conclusion, this study found that inhaled silica induced inflammatory and early fibrotic responses in the mouse heart and inflammatory response and fibrosis in the mouse kidney. Neutralisation of IL-1β attenuated the silica-induced inflammatory response of the heart and kidney and decreased fibrosis in the mouse kidney.
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Correa-Rotter R, Wesseling C, Johnson RJ. CKD of unknown origin in Central America: the case for a Mesoamerican nephropathy. Am J Kidney Dis 2014; 63:506-20. [PMID: 24412050 PMCID: PMC7115712 DOI: 10.1053/j.ajkd.2013.10.062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 218] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2013] [Accepted: 10/30/2013] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
An epidemic of chronic kidney disease of unknown origin has emerged in the last decade in Central America and has been named Mesoamerican nephropathy. This form of chronic kidney disease is present primarily in young male agricultural workers from communities along the Pacific coast, especially workers in the sugarcane fields. In general, these men have a history of manual labor under very hot conditions in agricultural fields. Clinically, they usually present with normal or mildly elevated systemic blood pressure, asymptomatic yet progressive reduction in estimated glomerular filtration rate, low-grade non-nephrotic proteinuria, and often hyperuricemia and or hypokalemia. Diabetes is absent in this population. Kidney biopsies that have been performed show a chronic tubulointerstitial disease with associated secondary glomerulosclerosis and some signs of glomerular ischemia. The cause of the disease is unknown; this article discusses and analyzes some of the etiologic possibilities currently under consideration. It is relevant to highlight that recurrent dehydration is suggested in multiple studies, a condition that possibly could be exacerbated in some cases by other conditions, including the use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory agents. At present, Mesoamerican nephropathy is a medical enigma yet to be solved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ricardo Correa-Rotter
- Department of Nephrology and Mineral Metabolism, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Mexico City, Mexico.
| | - Catharina Wesseling
- Program on Work, Environment and Health in Central America (SALTRA), Central American Institute for Studies on Toxic Substances (IRET), Universidad Nacional, Heredia, Costa Rica
| | - Richard J Johnson
- Division of Renal Diseases and Hypertension, University of Colorado, Denver, CO
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