1
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Calderazzo S, Covert M, Alba DD, Bowley BE, Pessina MA, Rosene DL, Buller B, Medalla M, Moore TL. Neural recovery after cortical injury: Effects of MSC derived extracellular vesicles on motor circuit remodeling in rhesus monkeys. IBRO Neurosci Rep 2022; 13:243-254. [PMID: 36590089 PMCID: PMC9795302 DOI: 10.1016/j.ibneur.2022.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2022] [Revised: 07/01/2022] [Accepted: 08/07/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Reorganization of motor circuits in the cortex and corticospinal tract are thought to underlie functional recovery after cortical injury, but the mechanisms of neural plasticity that could be therapeutic targets remain unclear. Recent work from our group have shown that systemic treatment with mesenchymal stem cell derived (MSCd) extracellular vesicles (EVs) administered after cortical damage to the primary motor cortex (M1) of rhesus monkeys resulted in a robust recovery of fine motor function and reduced chronic inflammation. Here, we used immunohistochemistry for cfos, an activity-dependent intermediate early gene, to label task-related neurons in the surviving primary motor and premotor cortices, and markers of axonal and synaptic plasticity in the spinal cord. Compared to vehicle, EV treatment was associated with a greater density of cfos+ pyramidal neurons in the deep layers of M1, greater density of cfos+ inhibitory interneurons in premotor areas, and lower density of synapses on MAP2+ lower motor neurons in the cervical spinal cord. These data suggest that the anti-inflammatory effects of EVs may reduce injury-related upper motor neuron damage and hyperexcitability, as well as aberrant compensatory re-organization in the cervical spinal cord to improve motor function.
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Key Words
- CB, Calbindin
- CR, Calretinin
- CSC, Cervical Spinal Cord
- Circuit Remodeling
- Cortical Injury
- DH, Dorsal Horn
- EVs, Extracellular Vesicles
- Extracellular Vesicles
- Ischemia
- LCST, Lateral Corticospinal Tract
- M1, Primary Motor Cortex
- MAP2, Microtubule Associated Protein 2
- MSCd, Mesenchymal Stem Cell derived
- Motor Cortex
- NHP, Non-Human Primate
- PV, Parvalbumin
- Plasticity
- ROS, Reactive Oxygen Species
- SYN, Synaptophysin
- Stem Cell-Based Treatments
- VH, Ventral Horn
- dPMC, dorsal Premotor Cortex
- miRNA, Micro RNA
- periM1, Perilesional Primary Motor Cortex
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Douglas L. Rosene
- Anatomy and Neurobiology Dept, BUSM, USA,Center for Systems Neuroscience, BU, USA
| | | | - Maria Medalla
- Anatomy and Neurobiology Dept, BUSM, USA,Center for Systems Neuroscience, BU, USA
| | - Tara L. Moore
- Anatomy and Neurobiology Dept, BUSM, USA,Center for Systems Neuroscience, BU, USA
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2
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Bottenfield KR, Bowley BGE, Pessina MA, Medalla M, Rosene DL, Moore TL. Sex differences in recovery of motor function in a rhesus monkey model of cortical injury. Biol Sex Differ 2021; 12:54. [PMID: 34627376 PMCID: PMC8502310 DOI: 10.1186/s13293-021-00398-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2021] [Accepted: 09/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Stroke disproportionately affects men and women, with women over 65 years experiencing increased severity of impairment and higher mortality rates than men. Human studies have explored risk factors that contribute to these differences, but additional research is needed to investigate how sex differences affect functional recovery and hence the severity of impairment. In the present study, we used our rhesus monkey model of cortical injury and fine motor impairment to compare sex differences in the rate and degree of motor recovery following this injury. METHODS Aged male and female rhesus monkeys were trained on a task of fine motor function of the hand before undergoing surgery to produce a cortical lesion limited to the hand area representation of the primary motor cortex. Post-operative testing began two weeks after the surgery and continued for 12 weeks. All trials were video recorded and latency to retrieve a reward was quantitatively measured to assess the trajectory of post-operative response latency and grasp pattern compared to pre-operative levels. RESULTS Postmortem analysis showed no differences in lesion volume between male and female monkeys. However, female monkeys returned to their pre-operative latency and grasp patterns significantly faster than males. CONCLUSIONS These findings demonstrate the need for additional studies to further investigate the role of estrogens and other sex hormones that may differentially affect recovery outcomes in the primate brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen R Bottenfield
- Dept. of Anatomy & Neurobiology, Boston University School of Medicine, 700 Albany Street, W701, Boston, MA, 02118, USA.
| | - Bethany G E Bowley
- Dept. of Anatomy & Neurobiology, Boston University School of Medicine, 700 Albany Street, W701, Boston, MA, 02118, USA
| | - Monica A Pessina
- Dept. of Anatomy & Neurobiology, Boston University School of Medicine, 700 Albany Street, W701, Boston, MA, 02118, USA
| | - Maria Medalla
- Dept. of Anatomy & Neurobiology, Boston University School of Medicine, 700 Albany Street, W701, Boston, MA, 02118, USA.,Center for Systems Neuroscience, Boston University, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
| | - Douglas L Rosene
- Dept. of Anatomy & Neurobiology, Boston University School of Medicine, 700 Albany Street, W701, Boston, MA, 02118, USA.,Center for Systems Neuroscience, Boston University, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
| | - Tara L Moore
- Dept. of Anatomy & Neurobiology, Boston University School of Medicine, 700 Albany Street, W701, Boston, MA, 02118, USA.,Center for Systems Neuroscience, Boston University, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
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3
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Debatisse J, Wateau O, Cho TH, Costes N, Mérida I, Léon C, Langlois JB, Taborik F, Verset M, Portier K, Aggour M, Troalen T, Villien M, Makris N, Tourvieille C, Bars DL, Lancelot S, Confais J, Oudotte A, Nighoghossian N, Ovize M, Vivien D, Contamin H, Agin V, Canet-Soulas E, Eker OF. A non-human primate model of stroke reproducing endovascular thrombectomy and allowing long-term imaging and neurological read-outs. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 2021; 41:745-760. [PMID: 32428423 PMCID: PMC7983495 DOI: 10.1177/0271678x20921310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2019] [Revised: 02/19/2020] [Accepted: 03/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Stroke is a devastating disease. Endovascular mechanical thrombectomy is dramatically changing the management of acute ischemic stroke, raising new challenges regarding brain outcome and opening up new avenues for brain protection. In this context, relevant experiment models are required for testing new therapies and addressing important questions about infarct progression despite successful recanalization, reversibility of ischemic lesions, blood-brain barrier disruption and reperfusion damage. Here, we developed a minimally invasive non-human primate model of cerebral ischemia (Macaca fascicularis) based on an endovascular transient occlusion and recanalization of the middle cerebral artery (MCA). We evaluated per-occlusion and post-recanalization impairment on PET-MRI, in addition to acute and chronic neuro-functional assessment. Voxel-based analyses between per-occlusion PET-MRI and day-7 MRI showed two different patterns of lesion evolution: "symptomatic salvaged tissue" (SST) and "asymptomatic infarcted tissue" (AIT). Extended SST was present in all cases. AIT, remote from the area at risk, represented 45% of the final lesion. This model also expresses both worsening of fine motor skills and dysexecutive behavior over the chronic post-stroke period, a result in agreement with cortical-subcortical lesions. We thus fully characterized an original translational model of ischemia-reperfusion damage after stroke, with consistent ischemia time, and thrombus retrieval for effective recanalization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justine Debatisse
- Univ Lyon, CarMeN Laboratory, INSERM, INRA, INSA Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Lyon, France
- Siemens-Healthcare SAS., Saint-Denis, France
| | - Océane Wateau
- Cynbiose SAS, Marcy-L’Etoile, France
- Normandie Université, UNICAEN, INSERM, INSERM UMR-S 1237, “Physiopathology and Imaging of Neurological Disorders”, Institut Blood and Brain @ Caen Normandie, GIP Cyceron, Caen, France
| | - Tae-Hee Cho
- Univ Lyon, CarMeN Laboratory, INSERM, INRA, INSA Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Lyon, France
- CREATIS, CNRS UMR-5220, INSERM U1206, Université Lyon 1, INSA Lyon Bât. Blaise Pascal, Villeurbanne, France
- Hospices Civils of Lyon, Lyon, France
| | | | | | - Christelle Léon
- Univ Lyon, CarMeN Laboratory, INSERM, INRA, INSA Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Lyon, France
| | | | | | | | - Karine Portier
- Univ Lyon, CarMeN Laboratory, INSERM, INRA, INSA Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Lyon, France
| | - Mohamed Aggour
- Univ Lyon, CarMeN Laboratory, INSERM, INRA, INSA Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Lyon, France
| | | | | | - Nikolaos Makris
- CREATIS, CNRS UMR-5220, INSERM U1206, Université Lyon 1, INSA Lyon Bât. Blaise Pascal, Villeurbanne, France
| | | | - Didier Le Bars
- Hospices Civils of Lyon, Lyon, France
- CERMEP – Imagerie du Vivant, Lyon, France
| | - Sophie Lancelot
- Hospices Civils of Lyon, Lyon, France
- CERMEP – Imagerie du Vivant, Lyon, France
| | | | | | - Norbert Nighoghossian
- Univ Lyon, CarMeN Laboratory, INSERM, INRA, INSA Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Lyon, France
- Hospices Civils of Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Michel Ovize
- Univ Lyon, CarMeN Laboratory, INSERM, INRA, INSA Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Lyon, France
- Hospices Civils of Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Denis Vivien
- Normandie Université, UNICAEN, INSERM, INSERM UMR-S 1237, “Physiopathology and Imaging of Neurological Disorders”, Institut Blood and Brain @ Caen Normandie, GIP Cyceron, Caen, France
- Department of Clinical Research, Caen-Normandy Hospital, CHU Caen, Caen, France
| | | | - Véronique Agin
- Normandie Université, UNICAEN, INSERM, INSERM UMR-S 1237, “Physiopathology and Imaging of Neurological Disorders”, Institut Blood and Brain @ Caen Normandie, GIP Cyceron, Caen, France
| | - Emmanuelle Canet-Soulas
- Univ Lyon, CarMeN Laboratory, INSERM, INRA, INSA Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Lyon, France
| | - Omer Faruk Eker
- CREATIS, CNRS UMR-5220, INSERM U1206, Université Lyon 1, INSA Lyon Bât. Blaise Pascal, Villeurbanne, France
- Hospices Civils of Lyon, Lyon, France
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4
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Seo J, Won J, Kim K, Park J, Yeo HG, Kim YG, Baek SH, Lee H, Jeon CY, Choi WS, Lee S, Kim KJ, Park SH, Son Y, Jeong KJ, Lim KS, Kang P, Lee HY, Son HC, Huh JW, Kim YH, Lee DS, Lee SR, Choi JW, Lee Y. Impaired Hand Dexterity Function in a Non-human Primate Model with Chronic Parkinson's Disease. Exp Neurobiol 2020; 29:376-388. [PMID: 33154199 PMCID: PMC7649085 DOI: 10.5607/en20040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2020] [Revised: 09/28/2020] [Accepted: 10/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Symptoms of Parkinson’s disease (PD) caused by loss of dopaminergic neurons are accompanied by movement disorders, including tremors, rigidity, bradykinesia, and akinesia. Non-human primate (NHP) models with PD play an essential role in the analysis of PD pathophysiology and behavior symptoms. As impairments of hand dexterity function can affect activities of daily living in patients with PD, research on hand dexterity function in NHP models with chronic PD is essential. Traditional rating scales previously used in the evaluation of animal spontaneous behavior were insufficient due to factors related to subjectivity and passivity. Thus, experimentally designed applications for an appropriate apparatus are necessary. In this study, we aimed to longitudinally assess hand dexterity function using hand dexterity task (HDT) in NHP-PD models. To validate this assessment, we analyzed the alteration in Parkinsonian tremor signs and the functionality of presynaptic dopaminergic neuron using positron emission tomography imaging of dopamine transporters in these models. In addition, a significant inverse correlation between HDT and DAT level was identified, but no local bias was found. The correlation with intention tremor signs was lower than the resting tremor. In conclusion, the evaluation of HDT may reflect behavioral symptoms of NHP-PD models. Furthermore, HDT was effectively used to experimentally distinguish intention tremors from other tremors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jincheol Seo
- National Primate Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Cheongju 28116, Korea.,School of Life Sciences, BK21 Plus KNU Creative BioResearch Group, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Korea
| | - Jinyoung Won
- National Primate Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Cheongju 28116, Korea
| | - Keonwoo Kim
- National Primate Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Cheongju 28116, Korea.,School of Life Sciences, BK21 Plus KNU Creative BioResearch Group, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Korea
| | - Junghyung Park
- National Primate Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Cheongju 28116, Korea
| | - Hyeon-Gu Yeo
- National Primate Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Cheongju 28116, Korea.,Department of Functional Genomics, KRIBB School of Bioscience, Korea University of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34113, Korea
| | - Yu Gyeong Kim
- National Primate Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Cheongju 28116, Korea.,Department of Functional Genomics, KRIBB School of Bioscience, Korea University of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34113, Korea
| | - Seung Ho Baek
- National Primate Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Cheongju 28116, Korea
| | - Hoonwon Lee
- School of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Chang-Yeop Jeon
- National Primate Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Cheongju 28116, Korea
| | - Won Seok Choi
- National Primate Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Cheongju 28116, Korea
| | - Sangil Lee
- Primate Resource Center, KRIBB, Jeongeup 56216, Korea
| | - Ki Jin Kim
- Primate Resource Center, KRIBB, Jeongeup 56216, Korea
| | - Sung-Hyun Park
- National Primate Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Cheongju 28116, Korea
| | - Yeonghoon Son
- Primate Resource Center, KRIBB, Jeongeup 56216, Korea
| | - Kang Jin Jeong
- National Primate Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Cheongju 28116, Korea
| | - Kyung Seob Lim
- Futuristic Animal Resource & Research Center, KRIBB, Cheongju 28116, Korea
| | - Philyong Kang
- Futuristic Animal Resource & Research Center, KRIBB, Cheongju 28116, Korea
| | - Hwal-Yong Lee
- Futuristic Animal Resource & Research Center, KRIBB, Cheongju 28116, Korea
| | - Hee-Chang Son
- Futuristic Animal Resource & Research Center, KRIBB, Cheongju 28116, Korea
| | - Jae-Won Huh
- National Primate Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Cheongju 28116, Korea.,Department of Functional Genomics, KRIBB School of Bioscience, Korea University of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34113, Korea
| | - Young-Hyun Kim
- National Primate Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Cheongju 28116, Korea.,Department of Functional Genomics, KRIBB School of Bioscience, Korea University of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34113, Korea
| | - Dong-Seok Lee
- School of Life Sciences, BK21 Plus KNU Creative BioResearch Group, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Korea
| | - Sang-Rae Lee
- National Primate Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Cheongju 28116, Korea.,Department of Functional Genomics, KRIBB School of Bioscience, Korea University of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34113, Korea
| | - Ji-Woong Choi
- Brain Engineering Convergence Research Center, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science & Technology (DGIST), Daegu 42988, Korea.,Department of Information and Communication Engineering, DGIST, Daegu 42988, Korea
| | - Youngjeon Lee
- National Primate Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Cheongju 28116, Korea.,Department of Functional Genomics, KRIBB School of Bioscience, Korea University of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34113, Korea
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5
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Won J, Yi KS, Choi CH, Jeon CY, Seo J, Kim K, Yeo HG, Park J, Kim YG, Jin YB, Koo BS, Lim KS, Lee S, Kim KJ, Choi WS, Park SH, Kim YH, Huh JW, Lee SR, Cha SH, Lee Y. Assessment of Hand Motor Function in a Non-human Primate Model of Ischemic Stroke. Exp Neurobiol 2020; 29:300-313. [PMID: 32921642 PMCID: PMC7492846 DOI: 10.5607/en20023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2020] [Revised: 08/07/2020] [Accepted: 08/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Ischemic stroke results from arterial occlusion and can cause irreversible brain injury. A non-human primate (NHP) model of ischemic stroke was previously developed to investigate its pathophysiology and for efficacy testing of therapeutic candidates; however, fine motor impairment remains to be well-characterized. We evaluated hand motor function in a cynomolgus monkey model of ischemic stroke. Endovascular transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) with an angiographic microcatheter induced cerebral infarction. In vivo magnetic resonance imaging mapped and measured the ischemia-induced infarct lesion. In vivo diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) of the stroke lesion to assess the neuroplastic changes and fiber tractography demonstrated three-dimensional patterns in the corticospinal tract 12 weeks after MCAO. The hand dexterity task (HDT) was used to evaluate fine motor movement of upper extremity digits. The HDT was modified for a home cage-based training system, instead of conventional chair restraint training. The lesion was localized in the middle cerebral artery territory, including the sensorimotor cortex. Maximum infarct volume was exhibited over the first week after MCAO, which progressively inhibited ischemic core expansion, manifested by enhanced functional recovery of the affected hand over 12 weeks after MCAO. The total performance time decreased with increasing success rate for both hands on the HDT. Compensatory strategies and retrieval failure improved in the chronic phase after stroke. Our findings demonstrate the recovery of fine motor skill after stroke, and outline the behavioral characteristics and features of functional disorder of NHP stroke model, providing a basis for assessing hand motor function after stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinyoung Won
- National Primate Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Cheongju 28116, Korea
| | - Kyung Sik Yi
- Department of Radiology, Chungbuk National University Hospital, Cheongju 28644, Korea
| | - Chi-Hoon Choi
- Department of Radiology, Chungbuk National University Hospital, Cheongju 28644, Korea
| | - Chang-Yeop Jeon
- National Primate Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Cheongju 28116, Korea
| | - Jincheol Seo
- National Primate Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Cheongju 28116, Korea
| | - Keonwoo Kim
- National Primate Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Cheongju 28116, Korea.,School of Life Sciences, BK21 Plus KNU Creative BioResearch Group, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Korea
| | - Hyeon-Gu Yeo
- National Primate Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Cheongju 28116, Korea.,Department of Functional Genomics, KRIBB School of Bioscience, Korea University of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34113 Korea
| | - Junghyung Park
- National Primate Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Cheongju 28116, Korea
| | - Yu Gyeong Kim
- National Primate Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Cheongju 28116, Korea.,Department of Functional Genomics, KRIBB School of Bioscience, Korea University of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34113 Korea
| | - Yeung Bae Jin
- National Primate Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Cheongju 28116, Korea
| | - Bon-Sang Koo
- National Primate Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Cheongju 28116, Korea
| | - Kyung Seob Lim
- Futuristic Animal Resource & Research Center, KRIBB, Cheongju 28116 Korea
| | - Sangil Lee
- National Primate Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Cheongju 28116, Korea
| | - Ki Jin Kim
- National Primate Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Cheongju 28116, Korea
| | - Won Seok Choi
- National Primate Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Cheongju 28116, Korea
| | - Sung-Hyun Park
- National Primate Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Cheongju 28116, Korea
| | - Young-Hyun Kim
- National Primate Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Cheongju 28116, Korea.,Department of Functional Genomics, KRIBB School of Bioscience, Korea University of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34113 Korea
| | - Jae-Won Huh
- National Primate Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Cheongju 28116, Korea.,Department of Functional Genomics, KRIBB School of Bioscience, Korea University of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34113 Korea
| | - Sang-Rae Lee
- National Primate Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Cheongju 28116, Korea.,Department of Functional Genomics, KRIBB School of Bioscience, Korea University of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34113 Korea
| | - Sang-Hoon Cha
- Department of Radiology, Chungbuk National University Hospital, Cheongju 28644, Korea
| | - Youngjeon Lee
- National Primate Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Cheongju 28116, Korea.,Department of Functional Genomics, KRIBB School of Bioscience, Korea University of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34113 Korea
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6
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Pessina MA, Bowley BGE, Rosene DL, Moore TL. A method for assessing recovery of fine motor function of the hand in a rhesus monkey model of cortical injury: an adaptation of the Fugl-Meyer Scale and Eshkol-Wachman Movement Notation. Somatosens Mot Res 2020; 36:69-77. [PMID: 31072219 DOI: 10.1080/08990220.2019.1594751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Motor dysfunction of the upper extremity can result from stroke, cortical injury and neurological diseases and causes significant disruption of activities of daily living. While some spontaneous recovery in terms of compensatory movements does occur after injury to cortical motor areas, full recovery is rare. The distinction between complete recovery and compensatory recovery is important as the development of compensatory movements in the upper extremity may not translate into full functional use in human patients. However, current animal models of stroke do not distinguish full recovery from compensatory recovery. We have developed a Non-Human Primate Grasp Assessment Scale (GRAS) to quantify the precise recovery of composite movement, individual digit action, and finger-thumb pinch in our rhesus monkey model of cortical injury. To date, we have applied this GRAS scale to assess the recovery of fine motor function of the hand in young control and cell-therapy treated monkeys with cortical injury confined to the hand representation in the dominant primary motor cortex. We have demonstrated that with this scale we can detect and quantify significant impairments in fine motor function of the hand, the development of compensatory function during recovery and finally a return to full fine motor function of the hand in monkeys treated with a cell therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monica A Pessina
- a Department of Anatomy & Neurobiology , Boston University School of Medicine , Boston , MA , USA
| | - Bethany G E Bowley
- a Department of Anatomy & Neurobiology , Boston University School of Medicine , Boston , MA , USA
| | - Douglas L Rosene
- a Department of Anatomy & Neurobiology , Boston University School of Medicine , Boston , MA , USA.,b Yerkes National Primate Research Center , Emory University , Atlanta , GA , USA
| | - Tara L Moore
- a Department of Anatomy & Neurobiology , Boston University School of Medicine , Boston , MA , USA
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7
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Moore TL, Bowley BGE, Pessina MA, Calderazzo SM, Medalla M, Go V, Zhang ZG, Chopp M, Finklestein S, Harbaugh AG, Rosene DL, Buller B. Mesenchymal derived exosomes enhance recovery of motor function in a monkey model of cortical injury. Restor Neurol Neurosci 2020; 37:347-362. [PMID: 31282441 DOI: 10.3233/rnn-190910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Exosomes from mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) are endosome-derived vesicles that have been shown to enhance functional recovery in rodent models of stroke. OBJECTIVE Building on these findings, we tested exosomes as a treatment in monkeys with cortical injury. METHODS After being trained on a task of fine motor function of the hand, monkeys received a cortical injury to the hand representation in primary motor cortex. Twenty-four hours later and again 14 days after injury, monkeys received exosomes or vehicle control. Recovery of motor function was followed for 12 weeks. RESULTS Compared to monkeys that received vehicle, exosome treated monkeys returned to pre-operative grasp patterns and latency to retrieve a food reward in the first three-five weeks of recovery. CONCLUSIONS These results provide evidence that in monkeys exosomes delivered after cortical injury enhance recovery of motor function.
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Affiliation(s)
- T L Moore
- Department of Anatomy & Neurobiology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA
| | - B G E Bowley
- Department of Anatomy & Neurobiology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA
| | - M A Pessina
- Department of Anatomy & Neurobiology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA
| | - S M Calderazzo
- Department of Anatomy & Neurobiology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA
| | - M Medalla
- Department of Anatomy & Neurobiology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA
| | - V Go
- Department of Pharmacology & Experimental Therapeutics, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Z G Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Henry Ford Health Systems, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - M Chopp
- Department of Neurology, Henry Ford Health Systems, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - S Finklestein
- Stemetix, Inc. Needham, MA, USA.,Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - A G Harbaugh
- Department Mathematics & Statistics, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - D L Rosene
- Department of Anatomy & Neurobiology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA
| | - B Buller
- Department of Neurology, Henry Ford Health Systems, Detroit, MI, USA
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8
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Fadia NB, Bliley JM, DiBernardo GA, Crammond DJ, Schilling BK, Sivak WN, Spiess AM, Washington KM, Waldner M, Liao HT, James IB, Minteer DM, Tompkins-Rhoades C, Cottrill AR, Kim DY, Schweizer R, Bourne DA, Panagis GE, Asher Schusterman M, Egro FM, Campwala IK, Simpson T, Weber DJ, Gause T, Brooker JE, Josyula T, Guevara AA, Repko AJ, Mahoney CM, Marra KG. Long-gap peripheral nerve repair through sustained release of a neurotrophic factor in nonhuman primates. Sci Transl Med 2020; 12:12/527/eaav7753. [DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.aav7753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2019] [Revised: 08/26/2019] [Accepted: 11/25/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Severe injuries to peripheral nerves are challenging to repair. Standard-of-care treatment for nerve gaps >2 to 3 centimeters is autografting; however, autografting can result in neuroma formation, loss of sensory function at the donor site, and increased operative time. To address the need for a synthetic nerve conduit to treat large nerve gaps, we investigated a biodegradable poly(caprolactone) (PCL) conduit with embedded double-walled polymeric microspheres encapsulating glial cell line–derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) capable of providing a sustained release of GDNF for >50 days in a 5-centimeter nerve defect in a rhesus macaque model. The GDNF-eluting conduit (PCL/GDNF) was compared to a median nerve autograft and a PCL conduit containing empty microspheres (PCL/Empty). Functional testing demonstrated similar functional recovery between the PCL/GDNF-treated group (75.64 ± 10.28%) and the autograft-treated group (77.49 ± 19.28%); both groups were statistically improved compared to PCL/Empty-treated group (44.95 ± 26.94%). Nerve conduction velocity 1 year after surgery was increased in the PCL/GDNF-treated macaques (31.41 ± 15.34 meters/second) compared to autograft (25.45 ± 3.96 meters/second) and PCL/Empty (12.60 ± 3.89 meters/second) treatment. Histological analyses included assessment of Schwann cell presence, myelination of axons, nerve fiber density, and g-ratio. PCL/GDNF group exhibited a statistically greater average area occupied by individual Schwann cells at the distal nerve (11.60 ± 33.01 μm2) compared to autograft (4.62 ± 3.99 μm2) and PCL/Empty (4.52 ± 5.16 μm2) treatment groups. This study demonstrates the efficacious bridging of a long peripheral nerve gap in a nonhuman primate model using an acellular, biodegradable nerve conduit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neil B. Fadia
- Department of Plastic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Jacqueline M. Bliley
- Department of Plastic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | | | - Donald J. Crammond
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | | | - Wesley N. Sivak
- Department of Plastic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Alexander M. Spiess
- Department of Plastic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Kia M. Washington
- Department of Plastic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Matthias Waldner
- Department of Plastic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Han-Tsung Liao
- Department of Plastic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Isaac B. James
- Department of Plastic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Danielle M. Minteer
- Department of Plastic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | | | - Adam R. Cottrill
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Deok-Yeol Kim
- Department of Plastic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Riccardo Schweizer
- Department of Plastic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Debra A. Bourne
- Department of Plastic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - George E. Panagis
- Department of Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Greensburg, PA 15601, USA
| | - M. Asher Schusterman
- Department of Plastic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Francesco M. Egro
- Department of Plastic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | | | - Tyler Simpson
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Douglas J. Weber
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
- McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15219, USA
| | - Trent Gause
- Department of Plastic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Jack E. Brooker
- Department of Plastic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Tvisha Josyula
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Astrid A. Guevara
- Department of Plastic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Alexander J. Repko
- Department of Plastic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | | | - Kacey G. Marra
- Department of Plastic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
- McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15219, USA
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Orczykowski ME, Calderazzo SM, Shobin E, Pessina MA, Oblak AL, Finklestein SP, Kramer BC, Mortazavi F, Rosene DL, Moore TL. Cell based therapy reduces secondary damage and increases extent of microglial activation following cortical injury. Brain Res 2019; 1717:147-159. [PMID: 30998931 PMCID: PMC6530569 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2019.04.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2019] [Revised: 04/11/2019] [Accepted: 04/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Cortical injury elicits long-term cytotoxic and cytoprotective mechanisms within the brain and the balance of these pathways can determine the functional outcome for the individual. Cytotoxicity is exacerbated by production of reactive oxygen species, accumulation of iron, and peroxidation of cell membranes and myelin. There are currently no neurorestorative treatments to aid in balancing the cytotoxic and cytoprotective mechanisms following cortical injury. Cell based therapies are an emerging treatment that may function in immunomodulation, reduction of secondary damage, and reorganization of surviving structures. We previously evaluated human umbilical tissue-derived cells (hUTC) in our non-human primate model of cortical injury restricted to the hand area of primary motor cortex. Systemic hUTC treatment resulted in significantly greater recovery of fine motor function compared to vehicle controls. Here we investigate the hypothesis that hUTC treatment reduces oxidative damage and iron accumulation and increases the extent of the microglial response to cortical injury. To test this, brain sections from these monkeys were processed using immunohistochemistry to quantify oxidative damage (4-HNE) and activated microglia (LN3), and Prussian Blue to quantify iron. hUTC treated subjects exhibited significantly reduced oxidative damage in the sublesional white matter and iron accumulation in the perilesional area as well as a significant increase in the extent of activated microglia along white matter pathways. Increased perilesional iron accumulation was associated with greater perilesional oxidative damage and larger reconstructed lesion volume. These findings support the hypothesis that systemic hUTC administered 24 h after cortical damage decreases the cytotoxic response while increasing the extent of microglial activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mary E Orczykowski
- Department of Anatomy & Neurobiology, 72 E. Concord Street, L-1004, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA.
| | - Samantha M Calderazzo
- Department of Anatomy & Neurobiology, 72 E. Concord Street, L-1004, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA
| | - Eli Shobin
- Department of Anatomy & Neurobiology, 72 E. Concord Street, L-1004, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA
| | - Monica A Pessina
- Department of Anatomy & Neurobiology, 72 E. Concord Street, L-1004, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA
| | - Adrian L Oblak
- Department of Anatomy & Neurobiology, 72 E. Concord Street, L-1004, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA
| | | | - Brian C Kramer
- Janssen Scientific Affairs, LLC, 800 Ridgeview Drive, Horsham, PA 19044, USA
| | - Farzad Mortazavi
- Department of Anatomy & Neurobiology, 72 E. Concord Street, L-1004, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA
| | - Douglas L Rosene
- Department of Anatomy & Neurobiology, 72 E. Concord Street, L-1004, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA; Yerkes National Primate Research Center, 201 Dowman Drive, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Tara L Moore
- Department of Anatomy & Neurobiology, 72 E. Concord Street, L-1004, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA; Department of Neurology, 72 E. Concord Street, C3, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA
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10
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Orczykowski ME, Arndt KR, Palitz LE, Kramer BC, Pessina MA, Oblak AL, Finklestein SP, Mortazavi F, Rosene DL, Moore TL. Cell based therapy enhances activation of ventral premotor cortex to improve recovery following primary motor cortex injury. Exp Neurol 2018. [PMID: 29540323 DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2018.03.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Stroke results in enduring damage to the brain which is accompanied by innate neurorestorative processes, such as reorganization of surviving circuits. Nevertheless, patients are often left with permanent residual impairments. Cell based therapy is an emerging therapeutic that may function to enhance the innate neurorestorative capacity of the brain. We previously evaluated human umbilical tissue-derived cells (hUTC) in our non-human primate model of cortical injury limited to the hand area of primary motor cortex. Injection of hUTC 24 h after injury resulted in significantly enhanced recovery of fine motor function compared to vehicle treated controls (Moore et al., 2013). These monkeys also received an injection of Bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) 8 days after cortical injury to label cells undergoing replication. This was followed by 12 weeks of behavioral testing, which culminated 3 h prior to perfusion in a final behavioral testing session using only the impaired hand. In this session, the neuronal activity initiating hand movements leads to the upregulation of the immediate early gene c-Fos in activated cells. Following perfusion-fixation of the brain, sections were processed using immunohistochemistry to label c-Fos activated cells, pre-synaptic vesicle protein synaptophysin, and BrdU labeled neuroprogenitor cells to investigate the hypothesis that hUTC treatment enhanced behavioral recovery by facilitating reorganization of surviving cortical tissues. Quantitative analysis revealed that c-Fos activated cells were significantly increased in the ipsi- and contra-lesional ventral premotor but not the dorsal premotor cortices in the hUTC treated monkeys compared to placebo controls. Furthermore, the increase in c-Fos activated cells in the ipsi- and contra-lesional ventral premotor cortex correlated with a decrease in recovery time and improved grasp topography. Interestingly, there was no difference between treatment groups in the number of synaptophysin positive puncta in either ipsi- or contra-lesional ventral or dorsal premotor cortices. Nor was there a significant difference in the density of BrdU labeled cells in the subgranular zone of the hippocampus or the subventricular zone of the lateral ventricle. These findings support the hypothesis that hUTC treatment enhances the capacity of the brain to reorganize after cortical injury and that bilateral plasticity in ventral premotor cortex is a critical locus for this recovery of function. This reorganization may be accomplished through enhanced activation of pre-existing circuits within ventral premotor, but it could also reflect ventral premotor projections to the brainstem or spinal cord.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mary E Orczykowski
- Department of Anatomy & Neurobiology, 72 E. Concord Street, L-1004, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA.
| | - Kevin R Arndt
- Department of Anatomy & Neurobiology, 72 E. Concord Street, L-1004, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA
| | - Lauren E Palitz
- Department of Anatomy & Neurobiology, 72 E. Concord Street, L-1004, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA
| | - Brian C Kramer
- Janssen Scientific Affairs, LLC 800 Ridgeview Drive, Horsham 19044, PA, USA
| | - Monica A Pessina
- Department of Anatomy & Neurobiology, 72 E. Concord Street, L-1004, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA
| | - Adrian L Oblak
- Department of Anatomy & Neurobiology, 72 E. Concord Street, L-1004, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA
| | | | - Farzad Mortazavi
- Department of Anatomy & Neurobiology, 72 E. Concord Street, L-1004, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA
| | - Douglas L Rosene
- Department of Anatomy & Neurobiology, 72 E. Concord Street, L-1004, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA; Yerkes National Primate Research Center, 201 Dowman Drive, Emory University, Atlanta 30322, GA, USA
| | - Tara L Moore
- Department of Anatomy & Neurobiology, 72 E. Concord Street, L-1004, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA; Department of Neurology, 72 E. Concord Street C3, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA
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11
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Moore TL, Bowley BGE, Shultz PL, Calderazzo SM, Shobin EJ, Uprety AR, Rosene DL, Moss MB. Oral curcumin supplementation improves fine motor function in the middle-aged rhesus monkey. Somatosens Mot Res 2018; 35:1-10. [PMID: 29447046 DOI: 10.1080/08990220.2018.1432481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Aged individuals experience decreased fine motor function of the hand and digits, which could result, in part, from the chronic, systemic state of inflammation that occurs with aging. Recent research for treating age-related inflammation has focused on the effects of nutraceuticals that have anti-inflammatory properties. One particular dietary polyphenol, curcumin, the principal curcuminoid of the spice turmeric, has been shown to have significant anti-inflammatory effects and there is mounting evidence that curcumin may serve to reduce systemic inflammation. Therefore, it could be useful for alleviating age-related impairments in fine motor function. To test this hypothesis we assessed the efficacy of a dietary intervention with a commercially available optimized curcumin to ameliorate or delay the effects of aging on fine motor function of the hand of rhesus monkeys. We administered oral daily doses of curcumin or a control vehicle to 11 monkeys over a 14- to 18-month period in which they completed two rounds of fine motor function testing. The monkeys receiving curcumin were significantly faster at retrieving a food reward by round 2 of testing than monkeys receiving a control vehicle. Further, the monkeys receiving curcumin demonstrated a greater degree of improvement in performance on our fine motor task by round 2 of testing than monkeys receiving a control vehicle. These findings reveal that fine motor function of the hand and digits is improved in middle-aged monkeys receiving chronic daily administration of curcumin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tara L Moore
- a Department of Anatomy & Neurobiology , Boston University School of Medicine , Boston , MA , USA.,b Department of Neurology , Boston University School of Medicine , Boston , MA , USA
| | - Bethany G E Bowley
- a Department of Anatomy & Neurobiology , Boston University School of Medicine , Boston , MA , USA
| | - Penny L Shultz
- a Department of Anatomy & Neurobiology , Boston University School of Medicine , Boston , MA , USA
| | - Samantha M Calderazzo
- a Department of Anatomy & Neurobiology , Boston University School of Medicine , Boston , MA , USA
| | - Eli J Shobin
- a Department of Anatomy & Neurobiology , Boston University School of Medicine , Boston , MA , USA.,c Graduate Program in Neuroscience , Boston University School of Medicine , Boston , MA , USA
| | - Ajay R Uprety
- a Department of Anatomy & Neurobiology , Boston University School of Medicine , Boston , MA , USA
| | - Douglas L Rosene
- a Department of Anatomy & Neurobiology , Boston University School of Medicine , Boston , MA , USA.,d Yerkes National Primate Research Center , Emory University , Atlanta , GA , USA
| | - Mark B Moss
- a Department of Anatomy & Neurobiology , Boston University School of Medicine , Boston , MA , USA.,b Department of Neurology , Boston University School of Medicine , Boston , MA , USA.,d Yerkes National Primate Research Center , Emory University , Atlanta , GA , USA
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12
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Hopkins WD. A review of performance asymmetries in hand skill in nonhuman primates with a special emphasis on chimpanzees. PROGRESS IN BRAIN RESEARCH 2018; 238:57-89. [DOI: 10.1016/bs.pbr.2018.06.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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13
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Prins NW, Pohlmeyer EA, Debnath S, Mylavarapu R, Geng S, Sanchez JC, Rothen D, Prasad A. Common marmoset (Callithrix jacchus) as a primate model for behavioral neuroscience studies. J Neurosci Methods 2017; 284:35-46. [PMID: 28400103 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneumeth.2017.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2017] [Revised: 04/05/2017] [Accepted: 04/06/2017] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The common marmoset (Callithrix jacchus) has been proposed as a suitable bridge between rodents and larger primates. They have been used in several types of research including auditory, vocal, visual, pharmacological and genetics studies. However, marmosets have not been used as much for behavioral studies. NEW METHOD Here we present data from training 12 adult marmosets for behavioral neuroscience studies. We discuss the husbandry, food preferences, handling, acclimation to laboratory environments and neurosurgical techniques. In this paper, we also present a custom built "scoop" and a monkey chair suitable for training of these animals. RESULTS The animals were trained for three tasks: 4 target center-out reaching task, reaching tasks that involved controlling robot actions, and touch screen task. All animals learned the center-out reaching task within 1-2 weeks whereas learning reaching tasks controlling robot actions task took several months of behavioral training where the monkeys learned to associate robot actions with food rewards. COMPARISON TO EXISTING METHOD We propose the marmoset as a novel model for behavioral neuroscience research as an alternate for larger primate models. This is due to the ease of handling, quick reproduction, available neuroanatomy, sensorimotor system similar to larger primates and humans, and a lissencephalic brain that can enable implantation of microelectrode arrays relatively easier at various cortical locations compared to larger primates. CONCLUSION All animals were able to learn behavioral tasks well and we present the marmosets as an alternate model for simple behavioral neuroscience tasks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noeline W Prins
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL 33146, United States
| | - Eric A Pohlmeyer
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL 33146, United States
| | - Shubham Debnath
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL 33146, United States
| | - Ramanamurthy Mylavarapu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL 33146, United States
| | - Shijia Geng
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL 33146, United States
| | - Justin C Sanchez
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL 33146, United States
| | - Daniel Rothen
- Division of Veterinary Resources, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL 33146, United States
| | - Abhishek Prasad
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL 33146, United States.
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Tsintou M, Dalamagkas K, Makris N. Advancing research in regeneration and repair of the motor circuitry: non-human primate models and imaging scales as the missing links for successfully translating injectable therapeutics to the clinic. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016; 3. [PMID: 29600289 DOI: 10.23937/2469-570x/1410042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Regeneration and repair is the ultimate goal of therapeutics in trauma of the central nervous system (CNS). Stroke and spinal cord injury (SCI) are two highly prevalent CNS disorders that remain incurable, despite numerous research studies and the clinical need for effective treatments. Neural engineering is a diverse biomedical field, that addresses these diseases using new approaches. Research in the field involves principally rodent models and biologically active, biodegradable hydrogels. Promising results have been reported in preclinical studies of CNS repair, demonstrating the great potential for the development of new treatments for the brain, spinal cord and peripheral nerve injury. Several obstacles stand in the way of clinical translation of neuroregeneration research. There seems to be a key gap in the translation of research from rodent models to human applications, namely non-human primate models, which constitute a critical bridging step. Applying injectable therapeutics and multimodal neuroimaging in stroke lesions using experimental rhesus monkey models is an avenue that a few research groups have begun to embark on. Understanding and assessing the changes that the injured brain or spinal cord undergoes after an intervention with biodegradable hydrogels in non-human primates seem to represent critical preclinical research steps. Existing innovative models in non-human primates allow us to evaluate the potential of neural engineering and injectable hydrogels. The results of these preliminary studies will pave the way for translating this research into much needed clinical therapeutic approaches. Cutting edge imaging technology using Connectome scanners represents a tremendous advancement, enabling the in vivo, detailed, high-resolution evaluation of these therapeutic interventions in experimental animals. Most importantly, they also allow quantifiable and clinically meaningful correlations with humans, increasing the translatability of these innovations to the bedside.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalini Tsintou
- Psychiatry Neuroimaging Laboratory, Departments of Psychiatry and Radiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115.,Center for Neural Systems Investigations, Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02129
| | - Kyriakos Dalamagkas
- Psychiatry Neuroimaging Laboratory, Departments of Psychiatry and Radiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115
| | - Nikos Makris
- Psychiatry Neuroimaging Laboratory, Departments of Psychiatry and Radiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115.,Center for Neural Systems Investigations, Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02129.,Center for Morphometric Analysis, Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02129
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15
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Moore TL, Pessina MA, Finklestein SP, Killiany RJ, Bowley B, Benowitz L, Rosene DL. Inosine enhances recovery of grasp following cortical injury to the primary motor cortex of the rhesus monkey. Restor Neurol Neurosci 2016; 34:827-48. [PMID: 27497459 PMCID: PMC6503840 DOI: 10.3233/rnn-160661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Inosine, a naturally occurring purine nucleoside, has been shown to stimulate axonal growth in cell culture and promote corticospinal tract axons to sprout collateral branches after stroke, spinal cord injury and TBI in rodent models. OBJECTIVE To explore the effects of inosine on the recovery of motor function following cortical injury in the rhesus monkey. METHODS After being trained on a test of fine motor function of the hand, monkeys received a lesion limited to the area of the hand representation in primary motor cortex. Beginning 24 hours after this injury and continuing daily thereafter, monkeys received orally administered inosine (500 mg) or placebo. Retesting of motor function began on the 14th day after injury and continued for 12 weeks. RESULTS During the first 14 days after surgery, there was evidence of significant recovery within the inosine-treated group on measures of fine motor function of the hand, measures of hand strength and digit flexion. While there was no effect of treatment on the time to retrieve a reward, the treated monkeys returned to asymptotic levels of grasp performance significantly faster than the untreated monkeys. Additionally, the treated monkeys evidenced a greater degree of recovery in terms of maturity of grasp pattern. CONCLUSION These findings demonstrate that inosine can enhance recovery of function following cortical injury in monkeys.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tara L. Moore
- Department of Anatomy & Neurobiology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Neurology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Monica A. Pessina
- Department of Anatomy & Neurobiology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Ronald J. Killiany
- Department of Anatomy & Neurobiology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Bethany Bowley
- Department of Anatomy & Neurobiology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Larry Benowitz
- Department of Neurosurgery and F.M. Kirby Neurobiology Center, Boston Children’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Douglas L. Rosene
- Department of Anatomy & Neurobiology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
- Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
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16
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Moore TL, Pessina MA, Finklestein SP, Kramer BC, Killiany RJ, Rosene DL. Recovery of fine motor performance after ischemic damage to motor cortex is facilitated by cell therapy in the rhesus monkey. Somatosens Mot Res 2013; 30:185-96. [PMID: 23758412 PMCID: PMC6503838 DOI: 10.3109/08990220.2013.790806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
We investigated the efficacy on recovery of function following controlled cortical ischemia in the monkey of the investigational cell drug product, CNTO 0007. This drug contains a cellular component, human umbilical tissue-derived cells, in a proprietary thaw and inject formulation. Results demonstrate significantly better recovery of motor function in the treatment group with no difference between groups in the volume or surface area of ischemic damage, suggesting that the cells stimulated plasticity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tara L Moore
- Department of Anatomy & Neurobiology, Boston University School of Medicine , Boston, MA , USA
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17
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Sridharan A, Willette AA, Bendlin BB, Alexander AL, Coe CL, Voytko ML, Colman RJ, Kemnitz JW, Weindruch RH, Johnson SC. Brain volumetric and microstructural correlates of executive and motor performance in aged rhesus monkeys. Front Aging Neurosci 2012; 4:31. [PMID: 23162464 PMCID: PMC3492760 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2012.00031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2012] [Accepted: 10/22/2012] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
The aged rhesus macaque exhibits brain atrophy and behavioral deficits similar to normal aging in humans. Here we studied the association between cognitive and motor performance and anatomic and microstructural brain integrity measured with 3T magnetic resonance imaging in aged monkeys. About half of these animals were maintained on moderate calorie restriction (CR), the only intervention shown to delay the aging process in lower animals. T1-weighted anatomic and diffusion tensor images were used to obtain gray matter (GM) volume and fractional anisotropy (FA) and mean diffusivity (MD), respectively. We tested the extent to which brain health indexed by GM volume, FA, and MD were related to executive and motor function, and determined the effect of the dietary intervention on this relationship. We hypothesized that fewer errors on the executive function test and faster motor response times would be correlated with higher volume, higher FA, and lower MD in frontal areas that mediate executive function, and in motor, premotor, subcortical, and cerebellar areas underlying goal-directed motor behaviors. Higher error percentage on a cognitive conceptual shift task was significantly associated with lower GM volume in frontal and parietal cortices, and lower FA in major association fiber bundles. Similarly, slower performance time on the motor task was significantly correlated with lower volumetric measures in cortical, subcortical, and cerebellar areas and decreased FA in several major association fiber bundles. Notably, performance during the acquisition phase of the hardest level of the motor task was significantly associated with anterior mesial temporal lobe volume. Finally, these brain-behavior correlations for the motor task were attenuated in CR animals compared to controls, indicating a potential protective effect of the dietary intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aadhavi Sridharan
- Neuroscience Training Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison Madison, WI, USA ; Medical Scientist Training Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison Madison, WI, USA
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18
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Moore TL, Killiany RJ, Pessina MA, Moss MB, Finklestein SP, Rosene DL. Recovery from ischemia in the middle-aged brain: a nonhuman primate model. Neurobiol Aging 2012; 33:619.e9-619.e24. [PMID: 21458887 PMCID: PMC3145025 DOI: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2011.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2010] [Revised: 01/30/2011] [Accepted: 02/06/2011] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Studies of recovery from stroke mainly utilize rodent models and focus primarily on young subjects despite the increased prevalence of stroke with age and the fact that recovery of function is more limited in the aged brain. In the present study, a nonhuman primate model of cortical ischemia was developed to allow the comparison of impairments in young and middle-aged monkeys. Animals were pretrained on a fine motor task of the hand and digits and then underwent a surgical procedure to map and lesion the hand-digit representation in the dominant motor cortex. Animals were retested until performance returned to preoperative levels. To assess the recovery of grasp patterns, performance was videotaped and rated using a scale adapted from human occupational therapy. Results demonstrated that the impaired hand recovers to baseline in young animals in 65-80 days and in middle-aged animals in 130-150 days. However, analysis of grasp patterns revealed that neither group recover preoperative finger thumb grasp patterns, rather they develop compensatory movements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tara L Moore
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA.
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