1
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Gemmecker Y, Winiarska A, Hege D, Kahnt J, Seubert A, Szaleniec M, Heider J. A pH-dependent shift of redox cofactor specificity in a benzyl alcohol dehydrogenase of aromatoleum aromaticum EbN1. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2024; 108:410. [PMID: 38976076 PMCID: PMC11231019 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-024-13225-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2024] [Revised: 06/03/2024] [Accepted: 06/04/2024] [Indexed: 07/09/2024]
Abstract
We characterise a reversible bacterial zinc-containing benzyl alcohol dehydrogenase (BaDH) accepting either NAD+ or NADP+ as a redox cofactor. Remarkably, its redox cofactor specificity is pH-dependent with the phosphorylated cofactors favored at lower and the dephospho-forms at higher pH. BaDH also shows different steady-state kinetic behavior with the two cofactor forms. From a structural model, the pH-dependent shift may affect the charge of a histidine in the 2'-phosphate-binding pocket of the redox cofactor binding site. The enzyme is phylogenetically affiliated to a new subbranch of the Zn-containing alcohol dehydrogenases, which share this conserved residue. BaDH appears to have some specificity for its substrate, but also turns over many substituted benzyl alcohol and benzaldehyde variants, as well as compounds containing a conjugated C=C double bond with the aldehyde carbonyl group. However, compounds with an sp3-hybridised C next to the alcohol/aldehyde group are not or only weakly turned over. The enzyme appears to contain a Zn in its catalytic site and a mixture of Zn and Fe in its structural metal-binding site. Moreover, we demonstrate the use of BaDH in an enzyme cascade reaction with an acid-reducing tungsten enzyme to reduce benzoate to benzyl alcohol. KEY POINTS: •Zn-containing BaDH has activity with either NAD + or NADP+ at different pH optima. •BaDH converts a broad range of substrates. •BaDH is used in a cascade reaction for the reduction of benzoate to benzyl alcohol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yvonne Gemmecker
- Laboratory for Microbial Biochemistry, Philipps University of Marburg, 35043, Marburg, Germany
| | - Agnieszka Winiarska
- Jerzy Haber Institute of Catalysis and Surface Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Niezapominajek 8, 30-239, Krakow, Poland
| | - Dominik Hege
- Laboratory for Microbial Biochemistry, Philipps University of Marburg, 35043, Marburg, Germany
| | - Jörg Kahnt
- Mass Spectrometry and Proteomics, Max Planck Institute for Terrestrial Microbiology, Marburg, Germany
| | - Andreas Seubert
- Faculty of Chemistry, Analytical Chemistry, Philipps-University Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Maciej Szaleniec
- Jerzy Haber Institute of Catalysis and Surface Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Niezapominajek 8, 30-239, Krakow, Poland.
| | - Johann Heider
- Laboratory for Microbial Biochemistry, Philipps University of Marburg, 35043, Marburg, Germany.
- Center for Synthetic Microbiology, Marburg, Germany.
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2
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Lin Y, Yin Y, Oger P, Gong Y, Zhou X, Bai Y, Zhang L. New insights into thermostable iron-containing/activated alcohol dehydrogenases from hyperthermophiles. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 275:133707. [PMID: 38972651 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.133707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2024] [Revised: 06/21/2024] [Accepted: 07/05/2024] [Indexed: 07/09/2024]
Abstract
Alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) is an important enzyme that catalyzes alcohol oxidation and/or aldehyde reduction. As one of NAD+-dependent ADH types, iron-containing/activated ADH (Fe-ADH) is ubiquitous in Bacteria, Archaea, and Eukaryotes, possessing a similar "tunnel-like" structure that is composed of a domain A in its N-terminus and a domain B in its C-terminus. A conserved "GGGS" sequence in the domain A of Fe-ADH associates with NAD+, and one conserved Asp residue and three conserved His residues in the domain B are its catalytic active sites by surrounding with Fe atom, suggesting that it might employ similar catalytic mechanism. Notably, all the biochemically characterized Fe-ADHs from hyperthermophiles that thrive in above 80 °C possess two unique characteristics that are absent in other Fe-ADHs: thermophilicity and thermostability, thereby demonstrating that they can oxidize alcohol and reduce aldehyde at high temperature. Considering these two unique characteristics, Fe-ADHs from hyperthermophiles are potentially industrial biocatalysts for alcohol and aldehyde biotransformation at high temperature. Herein, we reviewed structural and biochemical characteristics of Fe-ADHs from hyperthermophiles, focusing on similarity and difference between Fe-ADHs from hyperthermophiles and their homologs from non-hyperthermophiles, and between hyperthermophilic archaeal Fe-ADHs and bacterial homologs. Furthermore, we proposed future directions of Fe-ADHs from hyperthermophiles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yushan Lin
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou City, China
| | - Youcheng Yin
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou City, China
| | - Philippe Oger
- Univ Lyon, INSA De Lyon, CNRS UMR 5240, Lyon, France
| | - Yong Gong
- Beijing Synchrotron Radiation Facility, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China
| | - Xiaojian Zhou
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou City, China.
| | - Yanchao Bai
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou City, China.
| | - Likui Zhang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou City, China.
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3
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Zhu H, He Y. Transcriptome Sequencing and Analysis of Trichoderma polysporum Infection in Avena fatua L. Leaves before and after Infection. J Fungi (Basel) 2024; 10:346. [PMID: 38786701 PMCID: PMC11121786 DOI: 10.3390/jof10050346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2024] [Revised: 05/04/2024] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Biological control is a scientific management method used in modern agricultural production, and microbially derived biopesticides are one effective method with which to control weeds in agricultural fields. In order to determine the key genes for weed control by Trichoderma polysporum, transcriptome sequencing was carried out by high-throughput sequencing technology, and the strains of T. polysporum HZ-31 infesting Avena fatua L. at 24, 48, and 72 h were used as the experimental group, with 0 h as the control group. A total of 690,713,176 clean reads were obtained, and the sequencing results for each experimental group and the control group (0 h) were analyzed. In total, 3464 differentially expressed genes were found after 24 h of infection with the pathogen, including 1283 down-regulated genes and 2181 up-regulated genes. After 48 h of infection, the number of differentially expressed genes was 3885, of which 2242 were up-regulated and 1643 were down-regulated. The number of differentially expressed genes after 72 h of infection was the highest among all the groups, with 4594 differentially expressed genes, of which 2648 were up-regulated and 1946 were down-regulated. The up-regulated genes were analyzed by GO and KEGG, and the results showed that the up-regulated differentially expressed genes were mainly enriched in the biosynthesis of phenylalanine, tyrosine, and tryptophan; the degradation of aromatic compounds; methane metabolism; and other pathways. Among them, the PHA2, GDH, ADH2, and AROF genes were significantly enriched in the above-mentioned pathways, so they were hypothesized to play an important role in the synthesis of the herbicidally active substances of T. polysporum HZ-31. The results of this study can provide a theoretical basis for further studies on the pathogenicity of T. polysporum to A. fatua L., and accelerate the development and utilization of new and efficient bioherbicides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haixia Zhu
- Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Qinghai University, Xining 810016, China;
- State Key Laboratory of Plateau Ecology and Agriculture, Qinghai University, Xining 810016, China
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Integrated Pest Management of Qinghai Province, Xining 810016, China
| | - Yushan He
- Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Qinghai University, Xining 810016, China;
- State Key Laboratory of Plateau Ecology and Agriculture, Qinghai University, Xining 810016, China
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Integrated Pest Management of Qinghai Province, Xining 810016, China
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4
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Wang Z, Liu W, Yan Y, Fan TP, Cai Y. Characterization and Application of an Aspartate Dehydrogenase from Achromobacter denitrificans. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2024:10.1007/s12010-024-04867-w. [PMID: 38386141 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-024-04867-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024]
Abstract
A novel gene encoding aspartate dehydrogenase (ASPDH) has been discovered in Achromobacter denitrificans. The product of this gene has a strict dependence on NADH and demonstrated significant reductive activity towards not only oxaloacetate (OAA) but also 2-ketobutyric acid. Further enzymatic characterization revealed the kinetic parameters of ASPDH for OAA and 2-ketobutyric acid were as follows: Km values of 4.25 mM and 0.89 mM, Vmax values of 10.67 U mg-1 and 2.10 U mg-1, and Kcat values of 3.70 s-1 and 0.72 s-1, respectively. The enzyme also showed a dependency on metal ions, with EDTA and Cu2+ exerting strong inhibitory effects, while Ca2+ and Fe2+ exhibited pronounced enhancing effects. By utilizing a whole-cell biocatalyst system comprising glucose dehydrogenase (GDH) and ASPDH as a coupled system to replenish cofactors by oxidizing glucose, enabling the effective conversion of 2-ketobutyric acid to L-2-aminobutyric acid (L-2-ABA) with 97.2% yield.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zifeng Wang
- The Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi, 214122, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wenjing Liu
- The Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi, 214122, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yi Yan
- The Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi, 214122, Jiangsu, China
| | - Tai-Ping Fan
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 1T, UK
| | - Yujie Cai
- The Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi, 214122, Jiangsu, China.
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Huang YW, Shu HY, Lin GH. Gene Expression of Ethanol and Acetate Metabolic Pathways in the Acinetobacter baumannii EmaSR Regulon. Microorganisms 2024; 12:331. [PMID: 38399734 PMCID: PMC10891947 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms12020331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2024] [Revised: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous studies have confirmed the involvement of EmaSR (ethanol metabolism a sensor/regulator) in the regulation of Acinetobacter baumannii ATCC 19606 ethanol and acetate metabolism. RNA-seq analysis further revealed that DJ41_568-571, DJ41_2796, DJ41_3218, and DJ41_3568 regulatory gene clusters potentially participate in ethanol and acetate metabolism under the control of EmaSR. METHODS This study fused the EmaSR regulon promoter segments with reporter genes and used fluorescence expression levels to determine whether EmaSR influences regulon expression in ethanol or acetate salt environments. The enzymatic function and kinetics of significantly regulated regulons were also studied. RESULTS The EmaSR regulons P2796 and P3218 exhibited > 2-fold increase in fluorescence expression in wild type compared to mutant strains in both ethanol and acetate environments, and PemaR demonstrated a comparable trend. Moreover, increases in DJ41_2796 concentration enhanced the conversion of acetate and succinyl-CoA into acetyl-CoA and succinate, suggesting that DJ41_2796 possesses acetate: succinyl-CoA transferase (ASCT) activity. The kcat/KM values for DJ41_2796 with potassium acetate, sodium acetate, and succinyl-CoA were 0.2131, 0.4547, and 20.4623 mM-1s-1, respectively. CONCLUSIONS In A. baumannii, EmaSR controls genes involved in ethanol and acetate metabolism, and the EmaSR regulon DJ41_2796 was found to possess ASCT activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Weng Huang
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Engineering, School of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien 970374, Taiwan
| | - Hung-Yu Shu
- Department of Bioscience Technology, Chang Jung Christian University, Tainan 711301, Taiwan
| | - Guang-Huey Lin
- Master Program in Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien 970374, Taiwan
- International College, Tzu Chi University, Hualien 970374, Taiwan
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6
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Hao L, Ayinla Z, Ma K. Molecular Characterization of the Iron-Containing Alcohol Dehydrogenase from the Extremely Thermophilic Bacterium Pseudothermotoga hypogea. Microorganisms 2024; 12:311. [PMID: 38399715 PMCID: PMC10891854 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms12020311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Revised: 01/22/2024] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Pseudothermotoga hypogea is an extremely thermophilic bacterium capable of growing at 90 °C and producing ethanol, which is catalyzed by an alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH). The gene encoding P. hypogea ADH (PhADH) was cloned, sequenced and over-expressed. The gene sequence (1164 bp) was obtained by sequencing all fragments of the gene, which were amplified from the genomic DNA. The deduced amino acid sequence showed high identity to iron-containing ADHs from other Thermotoga species and harbored typical iron- and NADP-binding motifs, Asp195His199His268His282 and Gly39Gly40Gly41Ser42, respectively. Structural modeling showed that the N-terminal domain of PhADH contains an α/β-dinucleotide-binding motif and that its C-terminal domain is an α-helix-rich region containing the iron-binding motif. The recombinant PhADH was soluble, active, and thermostable, with a subunit size of 43 ± 1 kDa revealed by SDS-PAGE analyses. The recombinant PhADH (69 ± 2 U/mg) was shown to have similar properties to the native enzyme. The optimal pH values for alcohol oxidation and aldehyde reduction were 11.0 and 8.0, respectively. It was also thermostable, with a half-life of 5 h at 70 °C. The successful expression of the recombinant PhADH in E. coli significantly enhanced the yield of enzyme production and thus will facilitate further investigation of the catalytic mechanisms of iron-containing ADHs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Kesen Ma
- Department of Biology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada (Z.A.)
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7
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Chen S, Liu J, Gao G, Li M, Cao L, Liu T, Li G, Ma T. An NAD +-dependent group Ⅲ alcohol dehydrogenase involved in long-chain alkane degradation in Acinetobacter venetianus RAG-1. Enzyme Microb Technol 2024; 172:110343. [PMID: 37890395 DOI: 10.1016/j.enzmictec.2023.110343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Revised: 10/06/2023] [Accepted: 10/07/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023]
Abstract
Alcohol dehydrogenases (ADHs) are a class of key enzymes responsible for the oxidation of alkyl alcohols in the aerobic alkane metabolic pathway. Currently, the degradation mechanisms of short- and medium-chain alkanes are commonly reported, while those of long-chain alkanes have received less attention. In this work, a putative long-chain ADH was screened from Acinetobacter venetianus RAG-1 via RNA-seq with n-octacosane (C28) as the sole carbon source. Conserved sequence analysis revealed that it is a group III (Fe-containing/activated) ADH, which is widespread in the genus Acinetobacter. The deletion of adhA led to a significant reduction in the degradation of C28. AdhA exhibited optimal oxidative activity at pH 8.0 and 50 °C with NAD+ as coenzyme, while showing better tolerability to chemical reagents. Enzyme activity assay showed that AdhA owed the oxidative activity to a wide range of substrates including alkyl alcohols (C1-C32) and some isomeric alcohols, such as isopropanol, isobutanol, isoamyl alcohol, and propanetriol, and could reduce the alkyl aldehyde (C1-C12). Meanwhile, the binding of AdhA to different alkyl alcohols was mediated by different amino acids. AdhA is an ADH with an extremely broad substrate utilization range and excellent biochemical characteristics. These results provided important insights in the subsequent investigation of long-chain alkane degradation and petroleum pollution bioremediation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Chen
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Jia Liu
- Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin, China
| | - Ge Gao
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Mingchang Li
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Lu Cao
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Tongtong Liu
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Guoqiang Li
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, China; Tianjin Engineering Technology Center of Green Manufacturing Biobased Materials, Tianjin, China.
| | - Ting Ma
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, China; Tianjin Engineering Technology Center of Green Manufacturing Biobased Materials, Tianjin, China.
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8
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Willetts A. Bicyclo[3.2.0]carbocyclic Molecules and Redox Biotransformations: The Evolution of Closed-Loop Artificial Linear Biocatalytic Cascades and Related Redox-Neutral Systems. Molecules 2023; 28:7249. [PMID: 37959669 PMCID: PMC10649493 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28217249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Revised: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/21/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The role of cofactor recycling in determining the efficiency of artificial biocatalytic cascades has become paramount in recent years. Closed-loop cofactor recycling, which initially emerged in the 1990s, has made a valuable contribution to the development of this aspect of biotechnology. However, the evolution of redox-neutral closed-loop cofactor recycling has a longer history that has been integrally linked to the enzymology of oxy-functionalised bicyclo[3.2.0]carbocyclic molecule metabolism throughout. This review traces that relevant history from the mid-1960s to current times.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew Willetts
- Curnow Consultancies Ltd., Trewithen House, Helston TR13 9PQ, Cornwall, UK
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9
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Gutiérrez-Corona JF, González-Hernández GA, Padilla-Guerrero IE, Olmedo-Monfil V, Martínez-Rocha AL, Patiño-Medina JA, Meza-Carmen V, Torres-Guzmán JC. Fungal Alcohol Dehydrogenases: Physiological Function, Molecular Properties, Regulation of Their Production, and Biotechnological Potential. Cells 2023; 12:2239. [PMID: 37759461 PMCID: PMC10526403 DOI: 10.3390/cells12182239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 08/27/2023] [Accepted: 08/31/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Fungal alcohol dehydrogenases (ADHs) participate in growth under aerobic or anaerobic conditions, morphogenetic processes, and pathogenesis of diverse fungal genera. These processes are associated with metabolic operation routes related to alcohol, aldehyde, and acid production. The number of ADH enzymes, their metabolic roles, and their functions vary within fungal species. The most studied ADHs are associated with ethanol metabolism, either as fermentative enzymes involved in the production of this alcohol or as oxidative enzymes necessary for the use of ethanol as a carbon source; other enzymes participate in survival under microaerobic conditions. The fast generation of data using genome sequencing provides an excellent opportunity to determine a correlation between the number of ADHs and fungal lifestyle. Therefore, this review aims to summarize the latest knowledge about the importance of ADH enzymes in the physiology and metabolism of fungal cells, as well as their structure, regulation, evolutionary relationships, and biotechnological potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- J. Félix Gutiérrez-Corona
- Departamento de Biología, DCNE, Universidad de Guanajuato, Guanajuato C.P. 36050, Mexico; (G.A.G.-H.); (I.E.P.-G.); (V.O.-M.); (A.L.M.-R.)
| | - Gloria Angélica González-Hernández
- Departamento de Biología, DCNE, Universidad de Guanajuato, Guanajuato C.P. 36050, Mexico; (G.A.G.-H.); (I.E.P.-G.); (V.O.-M.); (A.L.M.-R.)
| | - Israel Enrique Padilla-Guerrero
- Departamento de Biología, DCNE, Universidad de Guanajuato, Guanajuato C.P. 36050, Mexico; (G.A.G.-H.); (I.E.P.-G.); (V.O.-M.); (A.L.M.-R.)
| | - Vianey Olmedo-Monfil
- Departamento de Biología, DCNE, Universidad de Guanajuato, Guanajuato C.P. 36050, Mexico; (G.A.G.-H.); (I.E.P.-G.); (V.O.-M.); (A.L.M.-R.)
| | - Ana Lilia Martínez-Rocha
- Departamento de Biología, DCNE, Universidad de Guanajuato, Guanajuato C.P. 36050, Mexico; (G.A.G.-H.); (I.E.P.-G.); (V.O.-M.); (A.L.M.-R.)
| | - J. Alberto Patiño-Medina
- Instituto de Investigaciones Químico Biológicas, Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo (UMSNH), Morelia C.P. 58030, Mexico; (J.A.P.-M.); (V.M.-C.)
| | - Víctor Meza-Carmen
- Instituto de Investigaciones Químico Biológicas, Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo (UMSNH), Morelia C.P. 58030, Mexico; (J.A.P.-M.); (V.M.-C.)
| | - Juan Carlos Torres-Guzmán
- Departamento de Biología, DCNE, Universidad de Guanajuato, Guanajuato C.P. 36050, Mexico; (G.A.G.-H.); (I.E.P.-G.); (V.O.-M.); (A.L.M.-R.)
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10
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Wang S, Zhang X, Zhang Z, Chen Y, Tian Q, Zeng D, Xu M, Wang Y, Dong S, Ma Z, Wang Y, Zheng X, Ye W. Fusarium-produced vitamin B 6 promotes the evasion of soybean resistance by Phytophthora sojae. JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE PLANT BIOLOGY 2023; 65:2204-2217. [PMID: 37171031 DOI: 10.1111/jipb.13505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2022] [Accepted: 05/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Plants can be infected by multiple pathogens concurrently in natural systems. However, pathogen-pathogen interactions have rarely been studied. In addition to the oomycete Phytophthora sojae, fungi such as Fusarium spp. also cause soybean root rot. In a 3-year field investigation, we discovered that P. sojae and Fusarium spp. frequently coexisted in diseased soybean roots. Out of 336 P. sojae-soybean-Fusarium combinations, more than 80% aggravated disease. Different Fusarium species all enhanced P. sojae infection when co-inoculated on soybean. Treatment with Fusarium secreted non-proteinaceous metabolites had an effect equal to the direct pathogen co-inoculation. By screening a Fusarium graminearum mutant library, we identified Fusarium promoting factor of Phytophthora sojae infection 1 (Fpp1), encoding a zinc alcohol dehydrogenase. Fpp1 is functionally conserved in Fusarium and contributes to metabolite-mediated infection promotion, in which vitamin B6 (VB6) produced by Fusarium is key. Transcriptional and functional analyses revealed that Fpp1 regulates two VB6 metabolism genes, and VB6 suppresses expression of soybean disease resistance-related genes. These results reveal that co-infection with Fusarium promotes loss of P. sojae resistance in soybean, information that will inform the sustainable use of disease-resistant crop varieties and provide new strategies to control soybean root rot.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuchen Wang
- Department of Plant Pathology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
- Key Laboratory of Plant Immunity, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
- Key Laboratory of Soybean Disease and Pest Control (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs), Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Xiaoyi Zhang
- Department of Plant Pathology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
- Key Laboratory of Plant Immunity, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
- Key Laboratory of Soybean Disease and Pest Control (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs), Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Zhichao Zhang
- Department of Plant Pathology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
- Key Laboratory of Plant Immunity, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
- Key Laboratory of Soybean Disease and Pest Control (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs), Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Yun Chen
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Qing Tian
- Department of Plant Pathology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
- Key Laboratory of Plant Immunity, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
- Key Laboratory of Soybean Disease and Pest Control (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs), Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Dandan Zeng
- Department of Plant Pathology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
- Key Laboratory of Plant Immunity, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
- Key Laboratory of Soybean Disease and Pest Control (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs), Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Miao Xu
- Department of Plant Pathology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
- Key Laboratory of Plant Immunity, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
- Key Laboratory of Soybean Disease and Pest Control (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs), Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Department of Plant Pathology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
- Key Laboratory of Plant Immunity, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
- Key Laboratory of Soybean Disease and Pest Control (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs), Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Suomeng Dong
- Department of Plant Pathology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
- Key Laboratory of Plant Immunity, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
- Key Laboratory of Soybean Disease and Pest Control (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs), Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Zhonghua Ma
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Yuanchao Wang
- Department of Plant Pathology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
- Key Laboratory of Plant Immunity, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
- Key Laboratory of Soybean Disease and Pest Control (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs), Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Xiaobo Zheng
- Department of Plant Pathology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
- Key Laboratory of Plant Immunity, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
- Key Laboratory of Soybean Disease and Pest Control (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs), Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Wenwu Ye
- Department of Plant Pathology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
- Key Laboratory of Plant Immunity, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
- Key Laboratory of Soybean Disease and Pest Control (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs), Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
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11
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Basu S, Dhar R, Bhattacharyya M, Dutta TK. Biochemical and Multi-Omics Approaches To Obtain Molecular Insights into the Catabolism of the Plasticizer Benzyl Butyl Phthalate in Rhodococcus sp. Strain PAE-6. Microbiol Spectr 2023; 11:e0480122. [PMID: 37318352 PMCID: PMC10434107 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.04801-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Accepted: 04/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Phthalate diesters are extensively used as plasticizers in manufacturing plastic materials; however, because of their estrogenic properties, these chemicals have emerged as a global threat to human health. The present study investigated the course of degradation of a widely used plasticizer, benzyl butyl phthalate (BBP), by the bacterium PAE-6, belonging to the genus Rhodococcus. The metabolism of BBP, possessing structurally dissimilar side chains, was evaluated biochemically using a combination of respirometric, chromatographic, enzymatic, and mass-spectrometric analyses, depicting pathways of degradation. Consequently, the biochemical observations were corroborated by identifying possible catabolic genes from whole-genome analysis, and the involvement of inducible specific esterases and other degradative enzymes was validated by transcriptomic, reverse transcription-quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) and proteomic analyses. Nonetheless, phthalic acid (PA), an intermediate of BBP, could not be efficiently metabolized by strain PAE-6, although the genome contains a PA-degrading gene cluster. This deficiency of complete degradation of BBP by strain PAE-6 was effectively managed by using a coculture of strains PAE-6 and PAE-2. The latter was identified as a Paenarthrobacter strain which can efficiently utilize PA. Based on sequence analysis of the PA-degrading gene cluster in strain PAE-6, it appeared that the alpha subunit of the multicomponent phthalate 3,4-dioxygenase harbors a number of altered residues in the multiple sequence alignment of homologous subunits, which may play a role(s) in poor turnover of PA. IMPORTANCE Benzyl butyl phthalate (BBP), an estrogenic, high-molecular-weight phthalic acid diester, is an extensively used plasticizer throughout the world. Due to its structural rigidity and hydrophobic nature, BBP gets adsorbed on sediments and largely escapes the biotic and abiotic degradative processes of the ecosystem. In the present study, a potent BBP-degrading bacterial strain belonging to the genus Rhodococcus was isolated that can also assimilate a number of other phthalate diesters of environmental concern. Various biochemical and multi-omics analyses revealed that the strain harbors all the required catabolic machinery for the degradation of the plasticizer and elucidated the inducible regulation of the associated catabolic genes and gene clusters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suman Basu
- Department of Microbiology, Bose Institute, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Rinita Dhar
- Department of Microbiology, Bose Institute, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | | | - Tapan K. Dutta
- Department of Microbiology, Bose Institute, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
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12
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Hivarkar SS, Vasudevan G, Dhakephalkar PK, Dagar SS. Description of Sporanaerobium hydrogeniformans gen. nov., sp. nov., an obligately anaerobic, hydrogen-producing bacterium isolated from Aravali hot spring in India. Arch Microbiol 2023; 205:305. [PMID: 37572166 DOI: 10.1007/s00203-023-03641-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Revised: 07/15/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/14/2023]
Abstract
An obligately anaerobic bacterium XHS1971T, capable of degrading cellulose and xylan, was isolated from a sediment sample of Aravali hot spring, Ratnagiri, India. Cells of strain XHS1971T were Gram-stain-negative, spore-forming, motile, long-rods. Growth was observed at temperatures 30-50 °C (optimum 40-45 °C), pH 5.0-10.0 (optimum pH 8.0) and NaCl concentrations 0-0.5% (optimum 0%). Generation time of strain XHS1971T was 5 h under optimised growth conditions. Strain XHS1971T showed the ability to metabolise different complex and simple sugars constituting lignocellulosic biomass. Glucose was fermented majorly into hydrogen, formic acid, acetic acid, and ethanol, whereas carbon dioxide, butyric acid, lactic acid and succinic acid were produced in traces. 16S rRNA gene analysis of strain XHS1971T revealed < 94.5% homology with Cellulosilyticum lentocellum DSM5427T followed by Cellulosilyticum ruminicola JCM14822T, identifying strain as a distinct member of family Lachnospiraceae. The major cellular fatty acids (> 5%) were C14:0, C16:0, C18:0, and C16:1 ω7c. The genome size of the strain was 3.74 Mb with 35.3 mol% G + C content, and genes were annotated to carbohydrate metabolism, including genes involved in the degradation of cellulose and xylan and the production of hydrogen, ethanol and acetate. The uniqueness of strain was further validated by digital DNA-DNA hybridisation (dDDH), Average Nucleotide Identity (ANI), and Average Amino Acid Identity (AAI) values of 22%, 80%, and 63%, respectively, with nearest phylogenetic affiliates. Based on the detailed analyses, we propose a new genus and species, Sporanaerobium hydrogeniformans gen. nov., sp. nov., for strain XHS1971T (= MCC3498T = KCTC15729T = JCM32657T) within family Lachnospiraceae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sai Suresh Hivarkar
- Bioenergy Group, Agharkar Research Institute, Gopal Ganesh Agarkar Road, Pune, 411004, India
- Savitribai Phule Pune University, Ganeshkhind, Pune, India
| | - Gowdaman Vasudevan
- Bioenergy Group, Agharkar Research Institute, Gopal Ganesh Agarkar Road, Pune, 411004, India
| | - Prashant K Dhakephalkar
- Bioenergy Group, Agharkar Research Institute, Gopal Ganesh Agarkar Road, Pune, 411004, India
- Savitribai Phule Pune University, Ganeshkhind, Pune, India
| | - Sumit Singh Dagar
- Bioenergy Group, Agharkar Research Institute, Gopal Ganesh Agarkar Road, Pune, 411004, India.
- Savitribai Phule Pune University, Ganeshkhind, Pune, India.
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13
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Zhang X, Xia L, Liu J, Wang Z, Yang Y, Wu Y, Yang Q, Huang L, Shen P. Comparative Genomic Analysis of a Methylorubrum rhodesianum MB200 Isolated from Biogas Digesters Provided New Insights into the Carbon Metabolism of Methylotrophic Bacteria. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24087521. [PMID: 37108681 PMCID: PMC10138955 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24087521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Revised: 04/13/2023] [Accepted: 04/14/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Methylotrophic bacteria are widely distributed in nature and can be applied in bioconversion because of their ability to use one-carbon source. The aim of this study was to investigate the mechanism underlying utilization of high methanol content and other carbon sources by Methylorubrum rhodesianum strain MB200 via comparative genomics and analysis of carbon metabolism pathway. The genomic analysis revealed that the strain MB200 had a genome size of 5.7 Mb and two plasmids. Its genome was presented and compared with that of the 25 fully sequenced strains of Methylobacterium genus. Comparative genomics revealed that the Methylorubrum strains had closer collinearity, more shared orthogroups, and more conservative MDH cluster. The transcriptome analysis of the strain MB200 in the presence of various carbon sources revealed that a battery of genes was involved in the methanol metabolism. These genes are involved in the following functions: carbon fixation, electron transfer chain, ATP energy release, and resistance to oxidation. Particularly, the central carbon metabolism pathway of the strain MB200 was reconstructed to reflect the possible reality of the carbon metabolism, including ethanol metabolism. Partial propionate metabolism involved in ethyl malonyl-CoA (EMC) pathway might help to relieve the restriction of the serine cycle. In addition, the glycine cleavage system (GCS) was observed to participate in the central carbon metabolism pathway. The study revealed the coordination of several metabolic pathways, where various carbon sources could induce associated metabolic pathways. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study providing a more comprehensive understanding of the central carbon metabolism in Methylorubrum. This study provided a reference for potential synthetic and industrial applications of this genus and its use as chassis cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, Guangxi Research Center for Microbial and Enzyme Engineering Technology, College of Life Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning 530005, China
| | - Liqing Xia
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, Guangxi Research Center for Microbial and Enzyme Engineering Technology, College of Life Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning 530005, China
| | - Jianyi Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, Guangxi Research Center for Microbial and Enzyme Engineering Technology, College of Life Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning 530005, China
| | - Zihao Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, Guangxi Research Center for Microbial and Enzyme Engineering Technology, College of Life Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning 530005, China
| | - Yanni Yang
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, Guangxi Research Center for Microbial and Enzyme Engineering Technology, College of Life Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning 530005, China
| | - Yiting Wu
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, Guangxi Research Center for Microbial and Enzyme Engineering Technology, College of Life Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning 530005, China
| | - Qingshan Yang
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, Guangxi Research Center for Microbial and Enzyme Engineering Technology, College of Life Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning 530005, China
| | - Luodong Huang
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, Guangxi Research Center for Microbial and Enzyme Engineering Technology, College of Life Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning 530005, China
| | - Peihong Shen
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, Guangxi Research Center for Microbial and Enzyme Engineering Technology, College of Life Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning 530005, China
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14
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Aguiar TKB, Mesquita FP, Neto NAS, Gomes FÍR, Freitas CDT, Carneiro RF, Nagano CS, Alencar LMR, Santos-Oliveira R, Oliveira JTA, Souza PFN. No Chance to Survive: Mo-CBP 3-PepII Synthetic Peptide Acts on Cryptococcus neoformans by Multiple Mechanisms of Action. Antibiotics (Basel) 2023; 12:antibiotics12020378. [PMID: 36830289 PMCID: PMC9952340 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics12020378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Revised: 02/09/2023] [Accepted: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Multidrug-resistant Cryptococcus neoformans is an encapsulated yeast causing a high mortality rate in immunocompromised patients. Recently, the synthetic peptide Mo-CBP3-PepII emerged as a potent anticryptococcal molecule with an MIC50 at low concentration. Here, the mechanisms of action of Mo-CBP3-PepII were deeply analyzed to provide new information about how it led C. neoformans cells to death. Light and fluorescence microscopies, analysis of enzymatic activities, and proteomic analysis were employed to understand the effect of Mo-CBP3-PepII on C. neoformans cells. Light and fluorescence microscopies revealed Mo-CBP3-PepII induced the accumulation of anion superoxide and hydrogen peroxide in C. neoformans cells, in addition to a reduction in the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD), ascorbate peroxidase (APX), and catalase (CAT) in the cells treated with Mo-CBP3-PepII. In the presence of ascorbic acid (AsA), no reactive oxygen species (ROS) were detected, and Mo-CBP3-PepII lost the inhibitory activity against C. neoformans. However, Mo-CBP3-PepII inhibited the activity of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) ergosterol biosynthesis and induced the decoupling of cytochrome c (Cyt c) from the mitochondrial membrane. Proteomic analysis revealed a reduction in the abundance of proteins related to energetic metabolism, DNA and RNA metabolism, pathogenicity, protein metabolism, cytoskeleton, and cell wall organization and division. Our findings indicated that Mo-CBP3-PepII might have multiple mechanisms of action against C. neoformans cells, mitigating the development of resistance and thus being a potent molecule to be employed in the production of new drugs against C. neoformans infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tawanny K. B. Aguiar
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza 60451-970, CE, Brazil
| | - Felipe P. Mesquita
- Drug Research and Development Center, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza 60430-275, CE, Brazil
| | - Nilton A. S. Neto
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza 60451-970, CE, Brazil
| | - Francisco Í. R. Gomes
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza 60451-970, CE, Brazil
| | - Cleverson D. T. Freitas
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza 60451-970, CE, Brazil
| | - Rômulo F. Carneiro
- Department of Fisheries Engineering, Federal University of Ceará (UFC), Fortaleza 60451-970, CE, Brazil
| | - Celso S. Nagano
- Department of Fisheries Engineering, Federal University of Ceará (UFC), Fortaleza 60451-970, CE, Brazil
| | - Luciana M. R. Alencar
- Laboratory of Biophysics and Nanosystems, Physics Department, Federal University of Maranhão, São Luís 65080-805, MA, Brazil
| | - Ralph Santos-Oliveira
- Brazilian Nuclear Energy Commission, Nuclear Engineering Institute, Rio de Janeiro 21941-906, RJ, Brazil
- Laboratory of Nanoradiopharmacy, Rio de Janeiro State University, Rio de Janeiro 23070-200, RJ, Brazil
| | - Jose T. A. Oliveira
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza 60451-970, CE, Brazil
| | - Pedro F. N. Souza
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza 60451-970, CE, Brazil
- Drug Research and Development Center, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza 60430-275, CE, Brazil
- Correspondence: or
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15
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Zavarise A, Sridhar S, Kiema TR, Wierenga RK, Widersten M. Structures of lactaldehyde reductase, FucO, link enzyme activity to hydrogen bond networks and conformational dynamics. FEBS J 2023; 290:465-481. [PMID: 36002154 PMCID: PMC10087678 DOI: 10.1111/febs.16603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2022] [Revised: 07/17/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
A group-III iron containing 1,2-propanediol oxidoreductase, FucO, (also known as lactaldehyde reductase) from Escherichia coli was examined regarding its structure-dynamics-function relationships in the catalysis of the NADH-dependent reduction of (2S)-lactaldehyde. Crystal structures of FucO variants in the presence or absence of cofactors have been determined, illustrating large domain movements between the apo and holo enzyme structures. Different structures of FucO variants co-crystallized with NAD+ or NADH together with substrate further suggest dynamic properties of the nicotinamide moiety of the coenzyme that are important for the reaction mechanism. Modelling of the native substrate (2S)-lactaldehyde into the active site can explain the stereoselectivity exhibited by the enzyme, with a critical hydrogen bond interaction between the (2S)-hydroxyl and the side-chain of N151, as well as the previously experimentally demonstrated pro-(R) selectivity in hydride transfer from NADH to the aldehydic carbon. Furthermore, the deuterium kinetic isotope effect of hydride transfer suggests that reduction chemistry is the main rate-limiting step for turnover which is not the case in FucO catalysed alcohol oxidation. We further propose that a water molecule in the active site - hydrogen bonded to a conserved histidine (H267) and the 2'-hydroxyl of the coenzyme ribose - functions as a catalytic proton donor in the protonation of the product alcohol. A hydrogen bond network of water molecules and the side-chains of amino acid residues D360 and H267 links bulk solvent to this proposed catalytic water molecule.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Shruthi Sridhar
- Department of Chemistry - BMC, Uppsala University, Sweden.,Faculty of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of Oulu, Finland
| | - Tiila-Riikka Kiema
- Faculty of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of Oulu, Finland
| | - Rikkert K Wierenga
- Faculty of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of Oulu, Finland
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16
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Characterisation of aldo-keto reductases from Lactobacillus reuteri DSM20016. Process Biochem 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2022.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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17
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Shah AM, Mohamed H, Fazili ABA, Yang W, Song Y. Investigating the Effect of Alcohol Dehydrogenase Gene Knockout on Lipid Accumulation in Mucor circinelloides WJ11. J Fungi (Basel) 2022; 8:jof8090917. [PMID: 36135642 PMCID: PMC9503276 DOI: 10.3390/jof8090917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2022] [Revised: 08/22/2022] [Accepted: 08/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Mucor circinelloides is an oleaginous, dimorphic zygomycete fungus species that produces appreciable levels of ethanol when grown under aerobic conditions in the presence of high glucose, indicating the fungus is a Crabtree-positive microorganism. Engineering efforts to redirect carbon flux from ethanol to lipid biosynthesis may shed light on the critical role of ethanol biosynthesis during aerobic fermentation in M. circinelloides. Therefore, in this study, the alcohol dehydrogenase gene (ADH1) of M. circinelloides WJ11 was deleted, and its effects on growth, lipid production, and fatty acid content were analyzed. Our results showed that knocking out of adh1∆ reduced the ethanol concentration by 85–90% in fermented broth, indicating that this gene is the major source of ethanol production. Parallel to these findings, the lipid and fatty acid content of the mutant was decreased, while less change in the growth of WJ11 was observed. Furthermore, a fermentation study showed the lipid and fatty acid content was restored in the mutant strain when the fermentation media was supplemented with 0.5% external ethanol, indicating the importance of alcohol dehydrogenase and its product on growth and lipid biosynthesis in M. circinelloides. To our knowledge, this is the first study to show a link between alcohol dehydrogenase and lipid production in M. circinelloides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aabid Manzoor Shah
- Colin Ratledge Center of Microbial Lipids, School of Agriculture Engineering and Food Science, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo 255000, China
| | - Hassan Mohamed
- Colin Ratledge Center of Microbial Lipids, School of Agriculture Engineering and Food Science, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo 255000, China
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Assiut 71524, Egypt
| | - Abu Bakr Ahmad Fazili
- Colin Ratledge Center of Microbial Lipids, School of Agriculture Engineering and Food Science, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo 255000, China
| | - Wu Yang
- Colin Ratledge Center of Microbial Lipids, School of Agriculture Engineering and Food Science, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo 255000, China
| | - Yuanda Song
- Colin Ratledge Center of Microbial Lipids, School of Agriculture Engineering and Food Science, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo 255000, China
- Correspondence:
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18
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Yan X, Liu X, Yu LP, Wu F, Jiang XR, Chen GQ. Biosynthesis of diverse α,ω-diol-derived polyhydroxyalkanoates by engineered Halomonas bluephagenesis. Metab Eng 2022; 72:275-288. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ymben.2022.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2022] [Revised: 04/07/2022] [Accepted: 04/09/2022] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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19
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Cho HY, Nam MS, Hong HJ, Song WS, Yoon SI. Structural and Biochemical Analysis of the Furan Aldehyde Reductase YugJ from Bacillus subtilis. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23031882. [PMID: 35163804 PMCID: PMC8836905 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23031882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2021] [Revised: 01/29/2022] [Accepted: 02/04/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
NAD(H)/NADP(H)-dependent aldehyde/alcohol oxidoreductase (AAOR) participates in a wide range of physiologically important cellular processes by reducing aldehydes or oxidizing alcohols. Among AAOR substrates, furan aldehyde is highly toxic to microorganisms. To counteract the toxic effect of furan aldehyde, some bacteria have evolved AAOR that converts furan aldehyde into a less toxic alcohol. Based on biochemical and structural analyses, we identified Bacillus subtilis YugJ as an atypical AAOR that reduces furan aldehyde. YugJ displayed high substrate specificity toward 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF), a furan aldehyde, in an NADPH- and Ni2+-dependent manner. YugJ folds into a two-domain structure consisting of a Rossmann-like domain and an α-helical domain. YugJ interacts with NADP and Ni2+ using the interdomain cleft of YugJ. A comparative analysis of three YugJ structures indicated that NADP(H) binding plays a key role in modulating the interdomain dynamics of YugJ. Noticeably, a nitrate ion was found in proximity to the nicotinamide ring of NADP in the YugJ structure, and the HMF-reducing activity of YugJ was inhibited by nitrate, providing insights into the substrate-binding mode of YugJ. These findings contribute to the characterization of the YugJ-mediated furan aldehyde reduction mechanism and to the rational design of improved furan aldehyde reductases for the biofuel industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hye Yeon Cho
- Division of Biomedical Convergence, College of Biomedical Science, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Korea; (H.Y.C.); (M.S.N.); (H.J.H.)
| | - Mi Sun Nam
- Division of Biomedical Convergence, College of Biomedical Science, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Korea; (H.Y.C.); (M.S.N.); (H.J.H.)
| | - Ho Jeong Hong
- Division of Biomedical Convergence, College of Biomedical Science, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Korea; (H.Y.C.); (M.S.N.); (H.J.H.)
| | - Wan Seok Song
- Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Korea
- Correspondence: (W.S.S.); (S.-i.Y.)
| | - Sung-il Yoon
- Division of Biomedical Convergence, College of Biomedical Science, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Korea; (H.Y.C.); (M.S.N.); (H.J.H.)
- Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Korea
- Correspondence: (W.S.S.); (S.-i.Y.)
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20
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Sengupta K, Hivarkar SS, Palevich N, Chaudhary PP, Dhakephalkar PK, Dagar SS. Genomic architecture of three newly isolated unclassified Butyrivibrio species elucidate their potential role in the rumen ecosystem. Genomics 2022; 114:110281. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ygeno.2022.110281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Accepted: 01/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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21
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Payne N, Kpebe A, Guendon C, Baffert C, Ros J, Lebrun R, Denis Y, Shintu L, Brugna M. The electron-bifurcating FeFe-hydrogenase Hnd is involved in ethanol metabolism in Desulfovibrio fructosovorans grown on pyruvate. Mol Microbiol 2022; 117:907-920. [PMID: 35066935 DOI: 10.1111/mmi.14881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2021] [Revised: 01/19/2022] [Accepted: 01/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Desulfovibrio fructosovorans, a sulfate-reducing bacterium, possesses six gene clusters encoding six hydrogenases catalyzing the reversible oxidation of H2 into protons and electrons. Among them, Hnd is an electron-bifurcating hydrogenase, coupling the exergonic reduction of NAD+ to the endergonic reduction of a ferredoxin with electrons derived from H2 . It was previously hypothesized that its biological function involves the production of NADPH necessary for biosynthetic purposes. However, it was subsequently demonstrated that Hnd is instead a NAD+ -reducing enzyme, thus its specific function has yet to be established. To understand the physiological role of Hnd in D. fructosovorans, we compared the hnd deletion mutant with the wild-type strain grown on pyruvate. Growth, metabolites production and comsumption, and gene expression were compared under three different growth conditions. Our results indicate that hnd is strongly regulated at the transcriptional level and that its deletion has a drastic effect on the expression of genes for two enzymes, an aldehyde ferredoxin oxidoreductase and an alcohol dehydrogenase. We demonstrated here that Hnd is involved in ethanol metabolism when bacteria grow fermentatively and proposed that Hnd might oxidize part of the H2 produced during fermentation generating both NADH and reduced ferredoxin for ethanol production via its electron bifurcation mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Julien Ros
- CNRS, Aix Marseille Univ, BIP, Marseille, France
| | - Régine Lebrun
- CNRS, Aix Marseille Univ, Plate-forme Protéomique de l'IMM, FR 3479, Marseille Protéomique (MaP), Marseille, France
| | - Yann Denis
- CNRS, Aix Marseille Univ, Plate-forme Transcriptomique, Marseille, France
| | - Laetitia Shintu
- CNRS, Aix Marseille Univ, Centrale Marseille, ISM2, Marseille, France
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22
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Huët MAL, Lee CZ, Rahman S. A review on association of fungi with the development and progression of carcinogenesis in the human body. CURRENT RESEARCH IN MICROBIAL SCIENCES 2021; 3:100090. [PMID: 34917994 PMCID: PMC8666644 DOI: 10.1016/j.crmicr.2021.100090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2021] [Revised: 11/08/2021] [Accepted: 12/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The role and impact of commensal and pathogenic fungi in different parts of the human body are being increasingly appreciated, unveiling the importance of such microorganisms in human health. A key function is the involvement of the mycobiota in cross-kingdom interactions within the microbiome. Any disturbance in the functionality of the microbiota could alter metabolic reactions, have a negative impact on homeostasis or induce diseases. The association of fungi with cancer development is the focus of this review. Several studies have reported direct or indirect involvement of fungal pathogens and mycobiome dysbiosis in induction of carcinogenesis. Most studies focused on cancers of the gastrointestinal tract. However, researchers are now investigating other organs, such as the skin, where the significant results obtained confirm the involvement of fungal pathogens and administration of antifungal drugs in development of cancer. This review gives an overview of the different organs affected and describes the mechanisms used by these eukaryotes or antifungals to induce oncogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie Andrea Laetitia Huët
- School of Science, Monash University Malaysia, Jalan Lagoon Selatan, Bandar Sunway,Subang Jaya, Selangor 47500, Malaysia
| | - Chuen Zhang Lee
- School of Science, Monash University Malaysia, Jalan Lagoon Selatan, Bandar Sunway,Subang Jaya, Selangor 47500, Malaysia
| | - Sadequr Rahman
- School of Science, Monash University Malaysia, Jalan Lagoon Selatan, Bandar Sunway,Subang Jaya, Selangor 47500, Malaysia.,Tropical Medicine and Biology Multidisciplinary Platform, Monash University Malaysia, Subang Jaya, Malaysia
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23
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Kumari A, Bano N, Bag SK, Chaudhary DR, Jha B. Transcriptome-Guided Insights Into Plastic Degradation by the Marine Bacterium. Front Microbiol 2021; 12:751571. [PMID: 34646260 PMCID: PMC8503683 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.751571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2021] [Accepted: 08/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Polyethylene terephthalate (PET) is a common single-use plastic that accumulated in the environment because of its non-degradable characteristics. In recent years, microbes from different environments were found to degrade plastics and suggested their capability to degrade plastics under varying environmental conditions. However, complete degradation of plastics is still a void for large-scale implications using microbes because of the lack of knowledge about genes and pathways intricate in the biodegradation process. In the present study, the growth and adherence of marine Bacillus species AIIW2 on PET surface instigating structural deterioration were confirmed through weight loss and hydrophobicity reduction, as well as analyzing the change in bond indexes. The genome-wide comparative transcriptomic analysis of strain AIIW2 was completed to reveal the genes during PET utilization. The expression level of mRNA in the strain AIIW2 was indexed based on the log-fold change between the presence and absence of PET in the culture medium. The genes represent carbon metabolism, and the cell transport system was up-regulated in cells growing with PET, whereas sporulation genes expressed highly in the absence of PET. This indicates that the strain AIIW2 hydrolyzes PET and assimilated via cellular carbon metabolism. A protein-protein interaction network was built to obtain the interaction between genes during PET utilization. The genes traced to degrade PET were confirmed by detecting the hydrolytic product of PET, and genes were cloned to improve PET utilization by microbial system as an eco-friendly solution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alka Kumari
- Plant Omics Division, CSIR-Central Salt and Marine Chemical Research Institute, Bhavnagar, India
| | - Nasreen Bano
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), CSIR, Ghaziabad, India.,Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute, Lucknow, India
| | - Sumit Kumar Bag
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), CSIR, Ghaziabad, India.,Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute, Lucknow, India
| | - Doongar R Chaudhary
- Plant Omics Division, CSIR-Central Salt and Marine Chemical Research Institute, Bhavnagar, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), CSIR, Ghaziabad, India
| | - Bhavanath Jha
- Plant Omics Division, CSIR-Central Salt and Marine Chemical Research Institute, Bhavnagar, India
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24
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Lin GH, Hsieh MC, Shu HY. Role of Iron-Containing Alcohol Dehydrogenases in Acinetobacter baumannii ATCC 19606 Stress Resistance and Virulence. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22189921. [PMID: 34576087 PMCID: PMC8465190 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22189921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2021] [Revised: 09/11/2021] [Accepted: 09/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Most bacteria possess alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) genes (Adh genes) to mitigate alcohol toxicity, but these genes have functions beyond alcohol degradation. Previous research has shown that ADH can modulate quorum sensing in Acinetobacter baumannii, a rising opportunistic pathogen. However, the number and nature of Adh genes in A. baumannii have not yet been fully characterized. We identified seven alcohol dehydrogenases (NAD+-ADHs) from A. baumannii ATCC 19606, and examined the roles of three iron-containing ADHs, ADH3, ADH4, and ADH6. Marker-less mutation was used to generate Adh3, Adh4, and Adh6 single, double, and triple mutants. Disrupted Adh4 mutants failed to grow in ethanol-, 1-butanol-, or 1-propanol-containing mediums, and recombinant ADH4 exhibited strongest activity against ethanol. Stress resistance assays with inorganic and organic hydroperoxides showed that Adh3 and Adh6 were key to oxidative stress resistance. Virulence assays performed on the Galleria mellonella model organism revealed that Adh4 mutants had comparable virulence to wild-type, while Adh3 and Adh6 mutants had reduced virulence. The results suggest that ADH4 is primarily involved in alcohol metabolism, while ADH3 and ADH6 are key to stress resistance and virulence. Further investigation into the roles of other ADHs in A. baumannii is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guang-Huey Lin
- Master Program of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien 97004, Taiwan; (G.-H.L.); (M.-C.H.)
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien 97004, Taiwan
- International College, Tzu Chi University, Hualien 97004, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Chuan Hsieh
- Master Program of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien 97004, Taiwan; (G.-H.L.); (M.-C.H.)
| | - Hung-Yu Shu
- Department of Bioscience Technology, Chang Jung Christian University, Tainan 71101, Taiwan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +886-6-278-5123 (ext. 3211); Fax: +886-6-278-5010
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Chen Q, Wu Q, Peng Y. ADHFE1 is a correlative factor of patient survival in cancer. Open Life Sci 2021; 16:571-582. [PMID: 34179501 PMCID: PMC8216228 DOI: 10.1515/biol-2021-0065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2021] [Revised: 05/10/2021] [Accepted: 05/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Alcohol dehydrogenase iron containing 1 (ADHFE1) encodes a hydroxyacid-oxoacid transhydrogenase participating in multiple biological processes. The role of ADHFE1 in cancer has not been fully uncovered. Herein, we performed data analysis to investigate the expression of ADHFE1 and the underlying regulatory mechanisms, its relationship with cancer patients’ survival, and the relevant pathways in cancer. A range of recognized, web-available databases and bioinformatics tools were used in this in silico study. We found that ADHFE1 was frequently downregulated and hypermethylated in various cancer cell lines and tissue samples. High expression of ADHFE1 was positively associated with favorable patient prognosis in breast, colon, and gastric cancers. Pathway analysis revealed its potential role in cancer-related biological processes, including energy metabolism, DNA replication, and cell cycle regulation. AHDFE1 mRNA expression and DNA methylation can potentially be used as diagnostic markers in cancer and might be of great value in predicting the survival of patients with cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Chen
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The First Medical Centre, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Qiyan Wu
- Cancer Center Key Lab, The First Medical Centre, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yaojun Peng
- Department of Emergency, The First Medical Centre, Chinese PLA General Hospital, #28 Fuxing Road, Beijing 100853, China
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26
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Ribeaucourt D, Bissaro B, Lambert F, Lafond M, Berrin JG. Biocatalytic oxidation of fatty alcohols into aldehydes for the flavors and fragrances industry. Biotechnol Adv 2021; 56:107787. [PMID: 34147589 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2021.107787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2021] [Revised: 06/13/2021] [Accepted: 06/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
From Egyptian mummies to the Chanel n°5 perfume, fatty aldehydes have long been used and keep impacting our senses in a wide range of foods, beverages and perfumes. Natural sources of fatty aldehydes are threatened by qualitative and quantitative variability while traditional chemical routes are insufficient to answer the society shift toward more sustainable and natural products. The production of fatty aldehydes using biotechnologies is therefore the most promising alternative for the flavors and fragrances industry. In this review, after drawing the portrait of the origin and characteristics of fragrant fatty aldehydes, we present the three main classes of enzymes that catalyze the reaction of fatty alcohols oxidation into aldehydes, namely alcohol dehydrogenases, flavin-dependent alcohol oxidases and copper radical alcohol oxidases. The constraints, challenges and opportunities to implement these oxidative enzymes in the flavors and fragrances industry are then discussed. By setting the scene on the biocatalytic production of fatty aldehydes, and providing a critical assessment of its potential, we expect this review to contribute to the development of biotechnology-based solutions in the flavors and fragrances industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Ribeaucourt
- INRAE, Aix Marseille Univ, UMR1163 Biodiversité et Biotechnologie Fongiques, 13009 Marseille, France; V. Mane Fils, 620 route de Grasse, 06620 Le Bar sur Loup, France; Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, Centrale Marseille, iSm2, Marseille, France.
| | - Bastien Bissaro
- INRAE, Aix Marseille Univ, UMR1163 Biodiversité et Biotechnologie Fongiques, 13009 Marseille, France
| | - Fanny Lambert
- V. Mane Fils, 620 route de Grasse, 06620 Le Bar sur Loup, France
| | - Mickael Lafond
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, Centrale Marseille, iSm2, Marseille, France
| | - Jean-Guy Berrin
- INRAE, Aix Marseille Univ, UMR1163 Biodiversité et Biotechnologie Fongiques, 13009 Marseille, France.
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27
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Fischer PQ, Sánchez‐Andrea I, Stams AJM, Villanueva L, Sousa DZ. Anaerobic microbial methanol conversion in marine sediments. Environ Microbiol 2021; 23:1348-1362. [PMID: 33587796 PMCID: PMC8048578 DOI: 10.1111/1462-2920.15434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2020] [Revised: 02/09/2021] [Accepted: 02/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Methanol is an ubiquitous compound that plays a role in microbial processes as a carbon and energy source, intermediate in metabolic processes or as end product in fermentation. In anoxic environments, methanol can act as the sole carbon and energy source for several guilds of microorganisms: sulfate-reducing microorganisms, nitrate-reducing microorganisms, acetogens and methanogens. In marine sediments, these guilds compete for methanol as their common substrate, employing different biochemical pathways. In this review, we will give an overview of current knowledge of the various ways in which methanol reaches marine sediments, the ecology of microorganisms capable of utilizing methanol and their metabolism. Furthermore, through a metagenomic analysis, we shed light on the unknown diversity of methanol utilizers in marine sediments which is yet to be explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Q. Fischer
- Laboratory of MicrobiologyWageningen University & Research, Stippeneng 4Wageningen6708 WEThe Netherlands
- Department of Marine Microbiology and BiogeochemistryRoyal Netherlands Institute for Sea Research, P.O. Box 59Den BurgTexel7197 ABThe Netherlands
| | - Irene Sánchez‐Andrea
- Laboratory of MicrobiologyWageningen University & Research, Stippeneng 4Wageningen6708 WEThe Netherlands
| | - Alfons J. M. Stams
- Laboratory of MicrobiologyWageningen University & Research, Stippeneng 4Wageningen6708 WEThe Netherlands
- Centre of Biological EngineeringUniversity of Minho, Campus de GualtarBraga4710‐057Portugal
| | - Laura Villanueva
- Department of Marine Microbiology and BiogeochemistryRoyal Netherlands Institute for Sea Research, P.O. Box 59Den BurgTexel7197 ABThe Netherlands
- Faculty of GeosciencesUtrecht University, Princetonlaan 8aUtrecht3584 CBThe Netherlands
| | - Diana Z. Sousa
- Laboratory of MicrobiologyWageningen University & Research, Stippeneng 4Wageningen6708 WEThe Netherlands
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Sarmiento-Pavía PD, Sosa-Torres ME. Bioinorganic insights of the PQQ-dependent alcohol dehydrogenases. J Biol Inorg Chem 2021; 26:177-203. [PMID: 33606117 DOI: 10.1007/s00775-021-01852-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2020] [Accepted: 01/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Among the several alcohol dehydrogenases, PQQ-dependent enzymes are mainly found in the α, β, and γ-proteobacteria. These proteins are classified into three main groups. Type I ADHs are localized in the periplasm and contain one Ca2+-PQQ moiety, being the methanol dehydrogenase (MDH) the most representative. In recent years, several lanthanide-dependent MDHs have been discovered exploding the understanding of the natural role of lanthanide ions. Type II ADHs are localized in the periplasm and possess one Ca2+-PQQ moiety and one heme c group. Finally, type III ADHs are complexes of two or three subunits localized in the cytoplasmic membrane and possess one Ca2+-PQQ moiety and four heme c groups, and in one of these proteins, an additional [2Fe-2S] cluster has been discovered recently. From the bioinorganic point of view, PQQ-dependent alcohol dehydrogenases have been revived recently mainly due to the discovery of the lanthanide-dependent enzymes. Here, we review the three types of PQQ-dependent ADHs with special focus on their structural features and electron transfer processes. The PQQ-Alcohol dehydrogenases are classified into three main groups. Type I and type II ADHs are located in the periplasm, while type III ADHs are in the cytoplasmic membrane. ADH-I have a Ca-PQQ or a Ln-PQQ, ADH-II a Ca-PQQ and one heme-c and ADH-III a Ca-PQQ and four hemes-c. This review focuses on their structural features and electron transfer processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pedro D Sarmiento-Pavía
- Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Cd. Universitaria, Coyoacán, 04510, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Martha E Sosa-Torres
- Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Cd. Universitaria, Coyoacán, 04510, Ciudad de México, Mexico.
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29
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Rathour R, Medhi K, Gupta J, Thakur IS. Integrated approach of whole-genome analysis, toxicological evaluation and life cycle assessment for pyrene biodegradation by a psychrophilic strain, Shewanella sp. ISTPL2. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2021; 269:116176. [PMID: 33307397 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2020.116176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2020] [Revised: 11/18/2020] [Accepted: 11/27/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) such as pyrene are universal contaminants existing in the environment which have known cancer-causing and mutagenic characteristics. A psychrophilic bacterial strain Shewanella sp. ISTPL2 was isolated from the sediment sample collected from the Pangong lake, Jammu & Kashmir, India. In our previous study, the pyrene degradation potential of the ISTPL2 strain was studied in both mineral salt media as well as in soil artificially spiked with different concentrations of pyrene. Whole-genome sequencing of ISTPL2 strain in the current study highlighted the key genes of pyrene metabolism, including alcohol dehydrogenase and ring hydroxylating dioxygenase alpha-subunit. Pyrene cytotoxicity was evaluated on HepG2, a human hepato-carcinoma cell line. The cytotoxicity of the organic extract decreased with the increasing duration of bacterial treatment. To develop a more sustainable biodegradation approach, the potential impacts were evaluated for human health and ecosystem using life-cycle assessment (LCA) following the ReCiPe methodology for the considered PAH. The results implemented that global warming potential (GWP) had the highest impact, whereas both ecotoxicity and human toxicity had least from this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rashmi Rathour
- School of Environmental Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, Delhi, 110067, India.
| | - Kristina Medhi
- School of Environmental Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, Delhi, 110067, India; Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB), Regional Directorate (North), PICUP Bhawan, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, 226010, India.
| | - Juhi Gupta
- School of Environmental Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, Delhi, 110067, India.
| | - Indu Shekhar Thakur
- School of Environmental Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, Delhi, 110067, India.
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30
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Chowdhury NP, Moon J, Müller V. Adh4, an alcohol dehydrogenase controls alcohol formation within bacterial microcompartments in the acetogenic bacterium Acetobacterium woodii. Environ Microbiol 2020; 23:499-511. [PMID: 33283462 DOI: 10.1111/1462-2920.15340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2020] [Revised: 11/18/2020] [Accepted: 11/30/2020] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Acetobacterium woodii utilizes the Wood-Ljungdahl pathway for reductive synthesis of acetate from carbon dioxide. However, A. woodii can also perform non-acetogenic growth on 1,2-propanediol (1,2-PD) where instead of acetate, equal amounts of propionate and propanol are produced as metabolic end products. Metabolism of 1,2-PD occurs via encapsulated metabolic enzymes within large proteinaceous bodies called bacterial microcompartments. While the genome of A. woodii harbours 11 genes encoding putative alcohol dehydrogenases, the BMC-encapsulated propanol-generating alcohol dehydrogenase remains unidentified. Here, we show that Adh4 of A. woodii is the alcohol dehydrogenase required for propanol/ethanol formation within these microcompartments. It catalyses the NADH-dependent reduction of propionaldehyde or acetaldehyde to propanol or ethanol and primarily functions to recycle NADH within the BMC. Removal of adh4 gene from the A. woodii genome resulted in slow growth on 1,2-PD and the mutant displayed reduced propanol and enhanced propionate formation as a metabolic end product. In sum, the data suggest that Adh4 is responsible for propanol formation within the BMC and is involved in redox balancing in the acetogen, A. woodii.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nilanjan Pal Chowdhury
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Bioenergetics, Institute of Molecular Biosciences, Johann Wolfgang Goethe University Frankfurt/Main, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Jimyung Moon
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Bioenergetics, Institute of Molecular Biosciences, Johann Wolfgang Goethe University Frankfurt/Main, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Volker Müller
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Bioenergetics, Institute of Molecular Biosciences, Johann Wolfgang Goethe University Frankfurt/Main, Frankfurt, Germany
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31
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König C, Meyer M, Lender C, Nehls S, Wallaschkowski T, Holm T, Matthies T, Lercher D, Matthiesen J, Fehling H, Roeder T, Reindl S, Rosenthal M, Metwally NG, Lotter H, Bruchhaus I. An Alcohol Dehydrogenase 3 (ADH3) from Entamoeba histolytica Is Involved in the Detoxification of Toxic Aldehydes. Microorganisms 2020; 8:microorganisms8101608. [PMID: 33086693 PMCID: PMC7594077 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms8101608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2020] [Revised: 10/15/2020] [Accepted: 10/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Recently, a putative alcohol dehydrogenase 3, termed EhADH3B of the Entamoeba histolytica isolate HM-1:IMSS was identified, which is expressed at higher levels in non-pathogenic than in pathogenic amoebae and whose overexpression reduces the virulence of pathogenic amoebae. In an in silico analysis performed in this study, we assigned EhADH3B to a four-member ADH3 family, with ehadh3b present as a duplicate (ehadh3ba/ehadh3bb). In long-term laboratory cultures a mutation was identified at position 496 of ehadh3ba, which codes for a stop codon, which was not the case for amoebae isolated from human stool samples. When using transfectants that overexpress or silence ehadh3bb, we found no or little effect on growth, size, erythrophagocytosis, motility, hemolytic or cysteine peptidase activity. Biochemical characterization of the recombinant EhADH3Bb revealed that this protein forms a dimer containing Ni2+ or Zn2+ as a co-factor and that the enzyme converts acetaldehyde and formaldehyde in the presence of NADPH. A catalytic activity based on alcohols as substrates was not detected. Based on the results, we postulate that EhADH3Bb can reduce free acetaldehyde released by hydrolysis from bifunctional acetaldehyde/alcohol dehydrogenase-bound thiohemiacetal and that it is involved in detoxification of toxic aldehydes produced by the host or the gut microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Constantin König
- Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, 20359 Hamburg, Germany; (C.K.); (M.M.); (C.L.); (S.N.); (T.W.); (T.H.); (T.M.); (D.L.); (J.M.); (H.F.); (S.R.); (M.R.); (N.G.M.); (H.L.)
| | - Martin Meyer
- Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, 20359 Hamburg, Germany; (C.K.); (M.M.); (C.L.); (S.N.); (T.W.); (T.H.); (T.M.); (D.L.); (J.M.); (H.F.); (S.R.); (M.R.); (N.G.M.); (H.L.)
| | - Corinna Lender
- Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, 20359 Hamburg, Germany; (C.K.); (M.M.); (C.L.); (S.N.); (T.W.); (T.H.); (T.M.); (D.L.); (J.M.); (H.F.); (S.R.); (M.R.); (N.G.M.); (H.L.)
| | - Sarah Nehls
- Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, 20359 Hamburg, Germany; (C.K.); (M.M.); (C.L.); (S.N.); (T.W.); (T.H.); (T.M.); (D.L.); (J.M.); (H.F.); (S.R.); (M.R.); (N.G.M.); (H.L.)
| | - Tina Wallaschkowski
- Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, 20359 Hamburg, Germany; (C.K.); (M.M.); (C.L.); (S.N.); (T.W.); (T.H.); (T.M.); (D.L.); (J.M.); (H.F.); (S.R.); (M.R.); (N.G.M.); (H.L.)
| | - Tobias Holm
- Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, 20359 Hamburg, Germany; (C.K.); (M.M.); (C.L.); (S.N.); (T.W.); (T.H.); (T.M.); (D.L.); (J.M.); (H.F.); (S.R.); (M.R.); (N.G.M.); (H.L.)
| | - Thorben Matthies
- Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, 20359 Hamburg, Germany; (C.K.); (M.M.); (C.L.); (S.N.); (T.W.); (T.H.); (T.M.); (D.L.); (J.M.); (H.F.); (S.R.); (M.R.); (N.G.M.); (H.L.)
| | - Dirk Lercher
- Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, 20359 Hamburg, Germany; (C.K.); (M.M.); (C.L.); (S.N.); (T.W.); (T.H.); (T.M.); (D.L.); (J.M.); (H.F.); (S.R.); (M.R.); (N.G.M.); (H.L.)
| | - Jenny Matthiesen
- Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, 20359 Hamburg, Germany; (C.K.); (M.M.); (C.L.); (S.N.); (T.W.); (T.H.); (T.M.); (D.L.); (J.M.); (H.F.); (S.R.); (M.R.); (N.G.M.); (H.L.)
| | - Helena Fehling
- Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, 20359 Hamburg, Germany; (C.K.); (M.M.); (C.L.); (S.N.); (T.W.); (T.H.); (T.M.); (D.L.); (J.M.); (H.F.); (S.R.); (M.R.); (N.G.M.); (H.L.)
| | - Thomas Roeder
- Molecular Physiology Department, Zoological Institute, Christian-Albrechts University Kiel, 24118 Kiel, Germany;
| | - Sophia Reindl
- Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, 20359 Hamburg, Germany; (C.K.); (M.M.); (C.L.); (S.N.); (T.W.); (T.H.); (T.M.); (D.L.); (J.M.); (H.F.); (S.R.); (M.R.); (N.G.M.); (H.L.)
| | - Maria Rosenthal
- Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, 20359 Hamburg, Germany; (C.K.); (M.M.); (C.L.); (S.N.); (T.W.); (T.H.); (T.M.); (D.L.); (J.M.); (H.F.); (S.R.); (M.R.); (N.G.M.); (H.L.)
| | - Nahla Galal Metwally
- Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, 20359 Hamburg, Germany; (C.K.); (M.M.); (C.L.); (S.N.); (T.W.); (T.H.); (T.M.); (D.L.); (J.M.); (H.F.); (S.R.); (M.R.); (N.G.M.); (H.L.)
| | - Hannelore Lotter
- Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, 20359 Hamburg, Germany; (C.K.); (M.M.); (C.L.); (S.N.); (T.W.); (T.H.); (T.M.); (D.L.); (J.M.); (H.F.); (S.R.); (M.R.); (N.G.M.); (H.L.)
| | - Iris Bruchhaus
- Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, 20359 Hamburg, Germany; (C.K.); (M.M.); (C.L.); (S.N.); (T.W.); (T.H.); (T.M.); (D.L.); (J.M.); (H.F.); (S.R.); (M.R.); (N.G.M.); (H.L.)
- Correspondence:
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Abstract
Ethanol is a chemoattractant for Bacillus subtilis even though it is not metabolized and inhibits growth. B. subtilis likely uses ethanol to find ethanol-fermenting microorganisms to utilize as prey. Two chemoreceptors sense ethanol: HemAT and McpB. HemAT’s myoglobin-like sensing domain directly binds ethanol, but the heme group is not involved. McpB is a transmembrane receptor consisting of an extracellular sensing domain and a cytoplasmic signaling domain. While most attractants bind the extracellular sensing domain, we found that ethanol directly binds between intermonomer helices of the cytoplasmic signaling domain of McpB, using a mechanism akin to those identified in many mammalian ethanol-binding proteins. Our results indicate that the sensory repertoire of chemoreceptors extends beyond the sensing domain and can directly involve the signaling domain. Motile bacteria sense chemical gradients using chemoreceptors, which consist of distinct sensing and signaling domains. The general model is that the sensing domain binds the chemical and the signaling domain induces the tactic response. Here, we investigated the unconventional sensing mechanism for ethanol taxis in Bacillus subtilis. Ethanol and other short-chain alcohols are attractants for B. subtilis. Two chemoreceptors, McpB and HemAT, sense these alcohols. In the case of McpB, the signaling domain directly binds ethanol. We were further able to identify a single amino acid residue, Ala431, on the cytoplasmic signaling domain of McpB that, when mutated to serine, reduces taxis to alcohols. Molecular dynamics simulations suggest that the conversion of Ala431 to serine increases coiled-coil packing within the signaling domain, thereby reducing the ability of ethanol to bind between the helices of the signaling domain. In the case of HemAT, the myoglobin-like sensing domain binds ethanol, likely between the helices encapsulating the heme group. Aside from being sensed by an unconventional mechanism, ethanol also differs from many other chemoattractants because it is not metabolized by B. subtilis and is toxic. We propose that B. subtilis uses ethanol and other short-chain alcohols to locate prey, namely, alcohol-producing microorganisms.
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Petratos K, Gessmann R, Daskalakis V, Papadovasilaki M, Papanikolau Y, Tsigos I, Bouriotis V. Structure and Dynamics of a Thermostable Alcohol Dehydrogenase from the Antarctic Psychrophile Moraxella sp. TAE123. ACS OMEGA 2020; 5:14523-14534. [PMID: 32596590 PMCID: PMC7315583 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.0c01210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2020] [Accepted: 05/26/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The structure of a recombinant (His-tagged at C-terminus) alcohol dehydrogenase (MoADH) from the cold-adapted bacterium Moraxella sp. TAE123 has been refined with X-ray diffraction data extending to 1.9 Å resolution. The enzyme assumes a homo-tetrameric structure. Each subunit comprises two distinct structural domains: the catalytic domain (residues 1-150 and 288-340/345) and the nucleotide-binding domain (residues 151-287). There are two Zn2+ ions in each protein subunit. Two additional zinc ions have been found in the crystal structure between symmetry-related subunits. The structure has been compared with those of homologous enzymes from Geobacillus stearothermophilus (GsADH), Escherichia coli (EcADH), and Thermus sp. ATN1 (ThADH) that thrive in environments of diverse temperatures. Unexpectedly, MoADH has been found active from 10 to at least 53 °C and unfolds at 89 °C according to circular dichroism spectropolarimetry data. MoADH with substrate ethanol exhibits a small value of activation enthalpy ΔH ‡ of 30 kJ mol-1. Molecular dynamics simulations for single subunits of the closely homologous enzymes MoADH and GsADH performed at 280, 310, and 340 K showed enhanced wide-ranging mobility of MoADH at high temperatures and generally lower but more distinct and localized mobility for GsADH. Principal component analysis of the fluctuations of both ADHs resulted in a prominent open-close transition of the structural domains mainly at 280 K for MoADH and 340 K for GsADH. In conclusion, MoADH is a very thermostable, cold-adapted enzyme and the small value of activation enthalpy allows the enzyme to function adequately at low temperatures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyriacos Petratos
- Institute
of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Foundation for Research and Technology—Hellas, 70013 Heraklion, Greece
| | - Renate Gessmann
- Institute
of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Foundation for Research and Technology—Hellas, 70013 Heraklion, Greece
| | - Vangelis Daskalakis
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, Cyprus University
of Technology, 3603 Limassol, Cyprus
| | - Maria Papadovasilaki
- Institute
of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Foundation for Research and Technology—Hellas, 70013 Heraklion, Greece
| | - Yannis Papanikolau
- Institute
of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Foundation for Research and Technology—Hellas, 70013 Heraklion, Greece
| | - Iason Tsigos
- Institute
of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Foundation for Research and Technology—Hellas, 70013 Heraklion, Greece
| | - Vassilis Bouriotis
- Institute
of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Foundation for Research and Technology—Hellas, 70013 Heraklion, Greece
- Department
of Biology, University of Crete, 70013 Heraklion, Greece
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34
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Himstedt R, Wagner S, Jaeger RJR, Lieunang Watat M, Backenköhler J, Rupcic Z, Stadler M, Spiteller P. Formaldehyde as a Chemical Defence Agent of Fruiting Bodies of Mycena rosea and its Role in the Generation of the Alkaloid Mycenarubin C. Chembiochem 2020; 21:1613-1620. [PMID: 31972067 PMCID: PMC7318143 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.201900733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Mycenarubin C, a previously unknown red pyrroloquinoline alkaloid, was isolated from fruiting bodies of the mushroom Mycena rosea and its structure was elucidated mainly by NMR spectroscopy and mass spectrometry. Unlike mycenarubin A, the major pyrroloquinoline alkaloid in fruiting bodies of M. rosea, mycenarubin C, contains an eight-membered ring with an additional C1 unit that is hitherto unprecedented for pyrroloquinoline alkaloids known in nature. Incubation of mycenarubin A with an excess of formaldehyde revealed that mycenarubin C was generated nearly quantitatively from mycenarubin A. An investigation into the formaldehyde content of fresh fruiting bodies of M. rosea showed the presence of considerable amounts of formaldehyde, with values of 5 μg per gram of fresh weight in fresh fruiting bodies. Although mycenarubin C did not show bioactivity against selected bacteria and fungi, formaldehyde inhibits the growth of the mycoparasite Spinellus fusiger at concentrations present in fruiting bodies of M. rosea. Therefore, formaldehyde might play an ecological role in the chemical defence of M. rosea against S. fusiger. In turn, S. fusiger produces gallic acid-presumably to detoxify formaldehyde by reaction of this aldehyde with amino acids and gallic acid to Mannich adducts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rieke Himstedt
- Institut für Organische und Analytische ChemieUniversität BremenLeobener Strasse 728359BremenGermany
| | - Silke Wagner
- Institut für Organische und Analytische ChemieUniversität BremenLeobener Strasse 728359BremenGermany
| | - Robert J. R. Jaeger
- Institut für Organische und Analytische ChemieUniversität BremenLeobener Strasse 728359BremenGermany
| | | | - Jana Backenköhler
- Institut für Organische und Analytische ChemieUniversität BremenLeobener Strasse 728359BremenGermany
| | - Zeljka Rupcic
- Mikrobielle WirkstoffeHelmholtz-Zentrum für InfektionsforschungInhoffenstrasse 738124BraunschweigGermany
| | - Marc Stadler
- Mikrobielle WirkstoffeHelmholtz-Zentrum für InfektionsforschungInhoffenstrasse 738124BraunschweigGermany
| | - Peter Spiteller
- Institut für Organische und Analytische ChemieUniversität BremenLeobener Strasse 728359BremenGermany
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35
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Taxon ES, Halbers LP, Parsons SM. Kinetics aspects of Gamma-hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA. PROTEINS AND PROTEOMICS 2020; 1868:140376. [PMID: 31981617 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbapap.2020.140376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2019] [Revised: 12/22/2019] [Accepted: 01/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Two groups of metabolically related enzymes, the Group III family of Fe2+-dependent alcohol dehydrogenases (ADHs) and the separate subfamily of nucleoside diphosphates linked to x (nudix) hydrolases that activate Group III ADHs are under-characterized. Here we report the steady-state initial-velocity forward direction (alcohol → aldehyde) reaction of a Group III ADH, namely gamma-hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase (GHBDH, UniProt: Q59104), cloned from Cupriavidus necator as a fusion protein. We also report the effects of nudix hydrolases on the GHBDH reaction. At optimal pH 9.0, the GHBDH reaction is activated ~2-fold by two different saturating purified nudix hydrolases, namely Bacillus methanolicus activator (ACT, UniProt: I3EA59) and Escherichia coli NudF (UniProt Q93K97) proteins. At physiological pH values of ~7.0, ACT activates by >3.5-fold. Initial-rate characterization at pH 9.0 of the forward direction un-activated and ACT-activated reactions show for both cases competitive inhibition by the product succinic semialdehyde versus GHB, and noncompetitive inhibitions by the three other substrate-product combinations. This pattern is consistent with NAD+ binding first in Mono-Iso Theorell-Chance kinetics. Mutants of some possibly important residues in GHBDH also were characterized. H265, conserved among all Group III ADHs and previously proposed to be a critical general base, is only ~4-fold helpful for GHBDH activity relevant to H265A. The four previously proposed conserved Fe2+ chelators (D193, H197, H261 and H280) each are essential for GHBDH activity. A 2-step explanation for cross-species stimulation by sub-stoichiometric ACT in the forward direction and confirmed lack of ACT stimulation in the reverse direction reaction is proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esther S Taxon
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Department of Biomolecular Science and Engineering, University of California, Santa Barbara, California, United States
| | - Lila P Halbers
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Department of Biomolecular Science and Engineering, University of California, Santa Barbara, California, United States
| | - Stanley M Parsons
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Department of Biomolecular Science and Engineering, University of California, Santa Barbara, California, United States.
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36
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Yang B, Nie X, Gu Y, Jiang W, Yang C. Control of solvent production by sigma-54 factor and the transcriptional activator AdhR in Clostridium beijerinckii. Microb Biotechnol 2019; 13:328-338. [PMID: 31691520 PMCID: PMC7017808 DOI: 10.1111/1751-7915.13505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2019] [Revised: 10/09/2019] [Accepted: 10/09/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Clostridia are obligate anaerobic bacteria that can produce solvents such as acetone, butanol and ethanol. Alcohol dehydrogenases (ADHs) play a key role in solvent production; however, their regulatory mechanisms remain largely unknown. In this study, we characterized the regulatory mechanisms of two ADH-encoding genes in C. beijerinckii. SigL (sigma factor σ54 ) was found to be required for transcription of adhA1 and adhA2 genes. Moreover, a novel transcriptional activator AdhR was identified, which binds to the σ54 promoter and activates σ54 -dependent transcription of adhA1 and adhA2. Clostridia beijerinckii mutants deficient in SigL or AdhR showed severely impaired butanol and ethanol production as well as altered acetone and butyrate synthesis. Overexpression of SigL resulted in significantly improved solvent production by C. beijerinckii when butyrate was added to cultures. Our results reveal SigL as a novel engineering target for improving solvent production by C. beijerinckii and other solvent-producing clostridia. Moreover, this study gains an insight into regulation of alcohol metabolism in diverse clostridia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Yang
- CAS-Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoqun Nie
- CAS-Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Yang Gu
- CAS-Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Weihong Jiang
- CAS-Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Chen Yang
- CAS-Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
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37
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Hu Z, Jia P, Bai Y, Fan TP, Zheng X, Cai Y. Characterisation of five alcohol dehydrogenases from Lactobacillus reuteri DSM20016. Process Biochem 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2019.08.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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38
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Derrington SR, Turner NJ, France SP. Carboxylic acid reductases (CARs): An industrial perspective. J Biotechnol 2019; 304:78-88. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2019.08.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2019] [Revised: 08/14/2019] [Accepted: 08/14/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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39
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Metabolism and biochemical properties of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) analogs, nicotinamide guanine dinucleotide (NGD) and nicotinamide hypoxanthine dinucleotide (NHD). Sci Rep 2019; 9:13102. [PMID: 31511627 PMCID: PMC6739475 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-49547-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2018] [Accepted: 08/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) is an important coenzyme that regulates various metabolic pathways, including glycolysis, β-oxidation, and oxidative phosphorylation. Additionally, NAD serves as a substrate for poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP), sirtuin, and NAD glycohydrolase, and it regulates DNA repair, gene expression, energy metabolism, and stress responses. Many studies have demonstrated that NAD metabolism is deeply involved in aging and aging-related diseases. Previously, we demonstrated that nicotinamide guanine dinucleotide (NGD) and nicotinamide hypoxanthine dinucleotide (NHD), which are analogs of NAD, are significantly increased in Nmnat3-overexpressing mice. However, there is insufficient knowledge about NGD and NHD in vivo. In the present study, we aimed to investigate the metabolism and biochemical properties of these NAD analogs. We demonstrated that endogenous NGD and NHD were found in various murine tissues, and their synthesis and degradation partially rely on Nmnat3 and CD38. We have also shown that NGD and NHD serve as coenzymes for alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) in vitro, although their affinity is much lower than that of NAD. On the other hand, NGD and NHD cannot be used as substrates for SIRT1, SIRT3, and PARP1. These results reveal the basic metabolism of NGD and NHD and also highlight their biological function as coenzymes.
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40
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Iwaki H, Yamamoto T, Hasegawa Y. Isolation of marine xylene-utilizing bacteria and characterization of Halioxenophilus aromaticivorans gen. nov., sp. nov. and its xylene degradation gene cluster. FEMS Microbiol Lett 2019; 365:4867970. [PMID: 29462302 DOI: 10.1093/femsle/fny042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2018] [Accepted: 02/15/2018] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Seven xylene-utilizing bacterial strains were isolated from seawater collected off the coast of Japan. Analysis of 16S rRNA gene sequences indicated that six isolates were most closely related to the marine bacterial genera Alteromonas, Marinobacter or Aestuariibacter. The sequence of the remaining strain, KU68FT, showed low similarity to the 16S rRNA gene sequences of known bacteria with validly published names, the most similar species being Maricurvus nonylphenolicus strain KU41ET (92.6% identity). On the basis of physiological, chemotaxonomic and phylogenetic data, strain KU68FT is suggested to represent a novel species of a new genus in the family Cellvibrionaceae of the order Cellvibrionales within the Gammaproteobacteria, for which the name Halioxenophilus aromaticivorans gen. nov., sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain of Halioxenophilus aromaticivorans is KU68FT (=JCM 19134T = KCTC 32387T). PCR and sequence analysis revealed that strain KU68FT possesses an entire set of genes encoding the enzymes for the upper xylene methyl-monooxygenase pathway, xylCMABN, resembling the gene set of the terrestrial Pseudomonas putida strain mt-2.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Taisei Yamamoto
- Department of Life Science & Biotechnology, Kansai University, 3-3-35 Yamate-cho, Suita, Osaka 564-8680, Japan
| | - Yoshie Hasegawa
- Department of Life Science & Biotechnology, Kansai University, 3-3-35 Yamate-cho, Suita, Osaka 564-8680, Japan
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41
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Alcohol dehydrogenase 1 participates in the Crabtree effect and connects fermentative and oxidative metabolism in the Zygomycete Mucor circinelloides. J Microbiol 2019; 57:606-617. [DOI: 10.1007/s12275-019-8680-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2018] [Revised: 03/11/2019] [Accepted: 03/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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42
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Characterization of the substrate scope of an alcohol dehydrogenase commonly used as methanol dehydrogenase. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2019; 29:1446-1449. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2019.04.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2019] [Revised: 04/01/2019] [Accepted: 04/15/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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43
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Wetland Sediments Host Diverse Microbial Taxa Capable of Cycling Alcohols. Appl Environ Microbiol 2019; 85:AEM.00189-19. [PMID: 30979841 PMCID: PMC6544822 DOI: 10.1128/aem.00189-19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2019] [Accepted: 04/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Understanding patterns of organic matter degradation in wetlands is essential for identifying the substrates and mechanisms supporting greenhouse gas production and emissions from wetlands, the main natural source of methane in the atmosphere. Alcohols are common fermentation products but are poorly studied as key intermediates in organic matter degradation in wetlands. By investigating genes, pathways, and microorganisms potentially accounting for the high concentrations of ethanol and isopropanol measured in Prairie Pothole wetland sediments, this work advanced our understanding of alcohol fermentations in wetlands linked to extremely high greenhouse gas emissions. Moreover, the novel alcohol dehydrogenases and microbial taxa potentially involved in alcohol metabolism may serve biotechnological efforts in bioengineering commercially valuable alcohol production and in the discovery of novel isopropanol producers or isopropanol fermentation pathways. Alcohols are commonly derived from the degradation of organic matter and yet are rarely measured in environmental samples. Wetlands in the Prairie Pothole Region (PPR) support extremely high methane emissions and the highest sulfate reduction rates reported to date, likely contributing to a significant proportion of organic matter mineralization in this system. While ethanol and isopropanol concentrations up to 4 to 5 mM in PPR wetland pore fluids have been implicated in sustaining these high rates of microbial activity, the mechanisms that support alcohol cycling in this ecosystem are poorly understood. We leveraged metagenomic and transcriptomic tools to identify genes, pathways, and microorganisms potentially accounting for alcohol cycling in PPR wetlands. Phylogenetic analyses revealed diverse alcohol dehydrogenases and putative substrates. Alcohol dehydrogenase and aldehyde dehydrogenase genes were included in 62 metagenome-assembled genomes (MAGs) affiliated with 16 phyla. The most frequently encoded pathway (in 30 MAGs) potentially accounting for alcohol production was a Pyrococcus furiosus-like fermentation which can involve pyruvate:ferredoxin oxidoreductase (PFOR). Transcripts for 93 of 137 PFOR genes in these MAGs were detected, as well as for 158 of 243 alcohol dehydrogenase genes retrieved from these same MAGs. Mixed acid fermentation and heterofermentative lactate fermentation were also frequently encoded. Finally, we identified 19 novel putative isopropanol dehydrogenases in 15 MAGs affiliated with Proteobacteria, Acidobacteria, Chloroflexi, Planctomycetes, Ignavibacteriae, Thaumarchaeota, and the candidate divisions KSB1 and Rokubacteria. We conclude that diverse microorganisms may use uncommon and potentially novel pathways to produce ethanol and isopropanol in PPR wetland sediments. IMPORTANCE Understanding patterns of organic matter degradation in wetlands is essential for identifying the substrates and mechanisms supporting greenhouse gas production and emissions from wetlands, the main natural source of methane in the atmosphere. Alcohols are common fermentation products but are poorly studied as key intermediates in organic matter degradation in wetlands. By investigating genes, pathways, and microorganisms potentially accounting for the high concentrations of ethanol and isopropanol measured in Prairie Pothole wetland sediments, this work advanced our understanding of alcohol fermentations in wetlands linked to extremely high greenhouse gas emissions. Moreover, the novel alcohol dehydrogenases and microbial taxa potentially involved in alcohol metabolism may serve biotechnological efforts in bioengineering commercially valuable alcohol production and in the discovery of novel isopropanol producers or isopropanol fermentation pathways.
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44
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Liu Y, Ou Y, Sun L, Li W, Yang J, Zhang X, Hu Y. Alcohol dehydrogenase of Candida albicans triggers differentiation of THP-1 cells into macrophages. J Adv Res 2019; 18:137-145. [PMID: 30923636 PMCID: PMC6424053 DOI: 10.1016/j.jare.2019.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2018] [Revised: 02/22/2019] [Accepted: 02/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Candida albicans proteins located on the cell wall and in the cytoplasm have gained great attention because they are not only involved in cellular metabolism and the maintenance of integrity but also interact with host immune systems. Previous research has reported that enolase from C. albicans exhibits high immunogenicity and effectively protects mice against disseminated candidiasis. In this study, alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) of C. albicans was cloned and purified for the first time, and this study focused on evaluating its effects on the differentiation of the human monocytic cell line THP-1. The morphological features of THP-1 cells exposed to ADH were similar to those of phorbol-12-myristate acetate-differentiated (PMA-differentiated) macrophages. Functionally, ADH enhanced the adhesion, phagocytosis, and killing capacities of THP-1 cells. A flow cytometric assay demonstrated that ADH-induced THP-1 cells significantly increased CD86 and CD11b expression. The production of IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α by cells increased in the presence of ADH. As expected, after pretreatment with a MEK inhibitor (U0126), ADH-induced THP-1 cells exhibited unaltered morphological features, eliminated ERK1/2 phosphorylation, prevented CD86/CD11b upregulation and inhibited pro-inflammatory cytokine increase. Collectively, these results suggest that ADH enables THP-1 cells to differentiate into macrophages via the ERK pathway, and it may play an important role in the immune response against fungal invasion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanglan Liu
- Department of Oral Biology, School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, China
| | - Yuxue Ou
- Department of Oral Biology, School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, China
| | - Luping Sun
- Department of Oral Biology, School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, China
| | - Wenqing Li
- Department of Oral Biology, School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, China
| | - Jinghong Yang
- Department of Oral Biology, School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, China
| | - Xiaohuan Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yan Hu
- Department of Oral Biology, School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
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45
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Aggarwal N, Ananthathamula R, Karanam VK, Doble M, Chadha A. Understanding substrate specificity and enantioselectivity of carbonyl reductase from Candida parapsilosis ATCC 7330 (CpCR): Experimental and modeling studies. MOLECULAR CATALYSIS 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mcat.2018.09.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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46
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The alcohol dehydrogenase with a broad range of substrate specificity regulates vitality and reproduction of the plant-parasitic nematode Bursaphelenchus xylophilus. Parasitology 2018; 146:497-505. [PMID: 30318023 DOI: 10.1017/s0031182018001695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Pine wilt disease, which is caused by the pine wood nematode (PWN), Bursaphelenchus xylophilus, has caused huge damage to pine forests around the world. In this study, we analysed the PWN transcriptome to investigate the expression of genes related to the associated bacterial species Pseudomonas fluorescens and found that the gene adh-1 encoding alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) was upregulated. The open reading frame of adh-1, which encoded a protein of 352 amino acid residues, was cloned from B. xylophilus. Recombinant ADH with a relative molecular weight of 39 kDa, was present mainly in inclusion bodies and was overexpressed in Escherichia coli BL21 (DE3) and purified after refolding. The biochemical assay revealed that recombinant ADH could catalyse the dehydrogen reaction of eight tested alcohols including ethanol in the presence of NAD+. Quantitative real-time RT-PCR analysis indicated that ethanol upregulated adh-1 expression in PWN. Results of RNA interference and inhibition of ADH treatment indicated that downregulating expression of adh-1 or inhibition of ADH could reduce ethanol tolerance and the vitality and reproduction ability of B. xylophilus, suggesting that adh-1 is involved in pathogenicity of PWN.
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47
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Zhang E, Cao Y, Xia Y. Ethanol Dehydrogenase I Contributes to Growth and Sporulation Under Low Oxygen Condition via Detoxification of Acetaldehyde in Metarhizium acridum. Front Microbiol 2018; 9:1932. [PMID: 30186258 PMCID: PMC6110892 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2018.01932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2018] [Accepted: 07/30/2018] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
The entomopathogenic fungi encounter hypoxic conditions in both nature and artificial culture. Alcohol dehydrogenases (ADHs) are a group of oxidoreductases that occur in many organisms. Here we demonstrate that an alcohol dehydrogenase I, MaADH1, in the locust-specific fungal pathogen, Metarhizium acridum, functions in acetaldehyde detoxification mechanism under hypoxic conditions in growth and sporulation. The MaADH1 was highly expressed in sporulation stage under hypoxic conditions. Compared with a wild-type strain, the ΔMaADH1 mutant showed inhibited growth and sporulation under hypoxic conditions, but no impairment under normal conditions. Under hypoxic conditions, ΔMaADH1 mutant produced significant decreased alcohol, but significant increased acetaldehyde compared to wild type. M. acridum was sensitive to exogenous acetaldehyde, exhibiting an inhibited growth and sporulation with acetaldehyde added in the medium. MaADH1 did not affect virulence. Our results indicated that the MaADH1 was critical to growth and sporulation under hypoxic stress by detoxification of acetaldehyde in M. acridum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erhao Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China.,Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Fungal Insecticides, Chongqing, China.,Key Laboratory of Gene Function and Regulation Technologies under Chongqing Municipal Education Commission, Chongqing, China
| | - Yueqing Cao
- School of Life Sciences, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China.,Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Fungal Insecticides, Chongqing, China.,Key Laboratory of Gene Function and Regulation Technologies under Chongqing Municipal Education Commission, Chongqing, China
| | - Yuxian Xia
- School of Life Sciences, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China.,Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Fungal Insecticides, Chongqing, China.,Key Laboratory of Gene Function and Regulation Technologies under Chongqing Municipal Education Commission, Chongqing, China
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48
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Yi J, Lee J, Sung BH, Kang DK, Lim G, Bae JH, Lee SG, Kim SC, Sohn JH. Development of Bacillus methanolicus methanol dehydrogenase with improved formaldehyde reduction activity. Sci Rep 2018; 8:12483. [PMID: 30127388 PMCID: PMC6102214 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-31001-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2018] [Accepted: 08/09/2018] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Methanol dehydrogenase (MDH), an NAD+-dependent oxidoreductase, reversibly converts formaldehyde to methanol. This activity is a key step for both toxic formaldehyde elimination and methanol production in bacterial methylotrophy. We mutated decameric Bacillus methanolicus MDH by directed evolution and screened mutants for increased formaldehyde reduction activity in Escherichia coli. The mutant with the highest formaldehyde reduction activity had three amino acid substitutions: F213V, F289L, and F356S. To identify the individual contributions of these residues to the increased reduction activity, the activities of mutant variants were evaluated. F213V/F289L and F213V/F289L/F356S showed 25.3- and 52.8-fold higher catalytic efficiency (kcat/Km) than wild type MDH, respectively. In addition, they converted 5.9- and 6.4-fold more formaldehyde to methanol in vitro than the wild type enzyme. Computational modelling revealed that the three substituted residues were located at MDH oligomerization interfaces, and may influence oligomerization stability: F213V aids in dimer formation, and F289L and F356S in decamer formation. The substitutions may stabilise oligomerization, thereby increasing the formaldehyde reduction activity of MDH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiyeun Yi
- Department of Biological Sciences, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, 34141, South Korea.,Cell Factory Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon, 34141, South Korea
| | - Jinhyuk Lee
- Genome Editing Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon, 34141, South Korea.,School of Biotechnology, Korea University of Science and Technology, Daejeon, 34113, South Korea
| | - Bong Hyun Sung
- Cell Factory Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon, 34141, South Korea.,School of Biotechnology, Korea University of Science and Technology, Daejeon, 34113, South Korea
| | - Du-Kyeong Kang
- Cell Factory Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon, 34141, South Korea.,School of Biotechnology, Korea University of Science and Technology, Daejeon, 34113, South Korea
| | - GyuTae Lim
- Genome Editing Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon, 34141, South Korea.,School of Biotechnology, Korea University of Science and Technology, Daejeon, 34113, South Korea
| | - Jung-Hoon Bae
- Cell Factory Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon, 34141, South Korea
| | - Seung-Goo Lee
- School of Biotechnology, Korea University of Science and Technology, Daejeon, 34113, South Korea.,Synthetic Biology and Bioengineering Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon, 34141, South Korea
| | - Sun Chang Kim
- Department of Biological Sciences, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, 34141, South Korea.
| | - Jung-Hoon Sohn
- Cell Factory Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon, 34141, South Korea. .,School of Biotechnology, Korea University of Science and Technology, Daejeon, 34113, South Korea.
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Mumoki FN, Pirk CWW, Yusuf AA, Crewe RM. Reproductive parasitism by worker honey bees suppressed by queens through regulation of worker mandibular secretions. Sci Rep 2018; 8:7701. [PMID: 29799016 PMCID: PMC5967312 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-26060-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2018] [Accepted: 05/03/2018] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Social cohesion in social insect colonies can be achieved through the use of chemical signals whose production is caste-specific and regulated by social contexts. In honey bees, queen mandibular gland pheromones (QMP) maintain reproductive dominance by inhibiting ovary activation and production of queen-like mandibular gland signals in workers. We investigated whether honey bee queens can control reproductively active workers of the intraspecific social parasite Apis mellifera capensis, parasitising A. m. scutellata host colonies. Our results show that the queen’s QMP suppresses ovarian activation and inhibits the production of QMP pheromone signals by the parasitic workers, achieved through differential expression of enzymes involved in the biosynthesis of these pheromones at two points in the biosynthetic pathway. This is the first report showing that honey bee queens can regulate reproduction in intraspecific social parasites and deepens our understanding of the molecular mechanisms involved in the regulation of worker reproduction in social insects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fiona N Mumoki
- Social Insects Research Group, Department of Zoology and Entomology, University of Pretoria, Private Bag X20, Hatfield, 0028, Pretoria, South Africa.
| | - Christian W W Pirk
- Social Insects Research Group, Department of Zoology and Entomology, University of Pretoria, Private Bag X20, Hatfield, 0028, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Abdullahi A Yusuf
- Social Insects Research Group, Department of Zoology and Entomology, University of Pretoria, Private Bag X20, Hatfield, 0028, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Robin M Crewe
- Social Insects Research Group, Department of Zoology and Entomology, University of Pretoria, Private Bag X20, Hatfield, 0028, Pretoria, South Africa
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Draft Genome Sequence of Komagataeibacter maltaceti LMG 1529 T, a Vinegar-Producing Acetic Acid Bacterium Isolated from Malt Vinegar Brewery Acetifiers. GENOME ANNOUNCEMENTS 2018; 6:6/16/e00330-18. [PMID: 29674558 PMCID: PMC5908927 DOI: 10.1128/genomea.00330-18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
We present the genome sequence of Komagataeibacter maltaceti LMG 1529T, which is a vinegar-producing acetic acid bacterium. The draft genome sequence consists of 3.6 Mb and contains 3,225 predicted protein-encoding genes. In addition, 53 genes encoding potential oxidoreductases were identified.
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