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Minahan NT, Yen TY, Guo YLL, Shu PY, Tsai KH. Concatenated ScaA and TSA56 Surface Antigen Sequences Reflect Genome-Scale Phylogeny of Orientia tsutsugamushi: An Analysis Including Two Genomes from Taiwan. Pathogens 2024; 13:299. [PMID: 38668254 PMCID: PMC11054523 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens13040299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2024] [Revised: 03/29/2024] [Accepted: 03/29/2024] [Indexed: 04/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Orientia tsutsugamushi is an obligate intracellular bacterium associated with trombiculid mites and is the causative agent of scrub typhus, a life-threatening febrile disease. Strain typing of O. tsutsugamushi is based on its immunodominant surface antigen, 56-kDa type-specific antigen (TSA56). However, TSA56 gene sequence-based phylogenetic analysis is only partially congruent with core genome-based phylogenetic analysis. Thus, this study investigated whether concatenated surface antigen sequences, including surface cell antigen (Sca) proteins, can reflect the genome-scale phylogeny of O. tsutsugamushi. Complete genomes were obtained for two common O. tsutsugamushi strains in Taiwan, TW-1 and TW-22, and the core genome/proteome was identified for 11 O. tsutsugamushi strains. Phylogenetic analysis was performed using maximum likelihood (ML) and neighbor-joining (NJ) methods, and the congruence between trees was assessed using a quartet similarity measure. Phylogenetic analysis based on 691 concatenated core protein sequences produced identical tree topologies with ML and NJ methods. Among TSA56 and core Sca proteins (ScaA, ScaC, ScaD, and ScaE), TSA56 trees were most similar to the core protein tree, and ScaA trees were the least similar. However, concatenated ScaA and TSA56 sequences produced trees that were highly similar to the core protein tree, the NJ tree being more similar. Strain-level characterization of O. tsutsugamushi may be improved by coanalyzing ScaA and TSA56 sequences, which are also important targets for their combined immunogenicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas T. Minahan
- Institute of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei 100025, Taiwan; (N.T.M.); (Y.-L.L.G.)
| | - Tsai-Ying Yen
- Centers for Diagnostics and Vaccine Development, Centers for Disease Control, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Taipei 115210, Taiwan; (T.-Y.Y.); (P.-Y.S.)
| | - Yue-Liang Leon Guo
- Institute of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei 100025, Taiwan; (N.T.M.); (Y.-L.L.G.)
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Medicine, National Taiwan University (NTU) College of Medicine and NTU Hospital, Taipei 100025, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Yun Shu
- Centers for Diagnostics and Vaccine Development, Centers for Disease Control, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Taipei 115210, Taiwan; (T.-Y.Y.); (P.-Y.S.)
| | - Kun-Hsien Tsai
- Institute of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei 100025, Taiwan; (N.T.M.); (Y.-L.L.G.)
- Global Health Program, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei 100025, Taiwan
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Chen K, Ma C, Cheng X, Wang Y, Guo K, Wu R, Zhu Z. Construction of Cupriavidus necator displayed with superoxide dismutases for enhanced growth in bioelectrochemical systems. BIORESOUR BIOPROCESS 2023; 10:36. [PMID: 38647886 PMCID: PMC10992759 DOI: 10.1186/s40643-023-00655-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2023] [Accepted: 05/28/2023] [Indexed: 04/25/2024] Open
Abstract
It is of great significance to utilize CO2 as feedstock to synthesize biobased products, particularly single cell protein (SCP) as the alternative food and feed. Bioelectrochemical system (BES) driven by clean electric energy has been regarded as a promising way for Cupriavidus necator to produce SCP from CO2 directly. At present, the key problem of culturing C. necator in BES is that reactive oxygen species (ROS) generated in cathode chamber are harmful to bacterial growth. Therefore, it is necessary to find a solution to mitigate the negative effect of ROS. In this study, we constructed a number of C. necator strains displayed with superoxide dismutase (SOD), which allowed the decomposition of superoxide anion radical. The effects of promoters and signal peptides on the cell surface displayed SOD were analyzed. The proteins displayed on the surface were further verified by the fluorescence experiment. Finally, the growth of C. necator CMS incorporating a pBAD-SOD-E-tag-IgAβ plasmid could achieve 4.9 ± 1.0 of OD600 by 7 days, equivalent to 1.7 ± 0.3 g/L dry cell weight (DCW), and the production rate was 0.24 ± 0.04 g/L/d DCW, around 2.7-fold increase than the original C. necator CMS (1.8 ± 0.3 of OD600). This study can provide an effective and novel strategy of cultivating strains for the production of CO2-derived SCP or other chemicals in BES.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Chen
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology, Ministry of Education, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, The College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, 300457, China
- Key Laboratory of Engineering Biology for Low-Carbon Manufacturing, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 32 Xiqidao, Tianjin Airport Economic Park, Tianjin, 300308, China
| | - Chunling Ma
- Haihe Laboratory of Synthetic Biology, 21 Xishiwudao, Tianjin Airport Economic Park, Tianjin, 300308, China
- Key Laboratory of Engineering Biology for Low-Carbon Manufacturing, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 32 Xiqidao, Tianjin Airport Economic Park, Tianjin, 300308, China
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China
| | - Xiaolei Cheng
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19A Yuquan Road, Shijingshan District, Beijing, 100049, China
- Key Laboratory of Engineering Biology for Low-Carbon Manufacturing, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 32 Xiqidao, Tianjin Airport Economic Park, Tianjin, 300308, China
| | - Yuhua Wang
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19A Yuquan Road, Shijingshan District, Beijing, 100049, China
- Key Laboratory of Engineering Biology for Low-Carbon Manufacturing, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 32 Xiqidao, Tianjin Airport Economic Park, Tianjin, 300308, China
| | - Kun Guo
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China
| | - Ranran Wu
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19A Yuquan Road, Shijingshan District, Beijing, 100049, China
- Key Laboratory of Engineering Biology for Low-Carbon Manufacturing, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 32 Xiqidao, Tianjin Airport Economic Park, Tianjin, 300308, China
| | - Zhiguang Zhu
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19A Yuquan Road, Shijingshan District, Beijing, 100049, China.
- Key Laboratory of Engineering Biology for Low-Carbon Manufacturing, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 32 Xiqidao, Tianjin Airport Economic Park, Tianjin, 300308, China.
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Shingarova LN, Petrovskaya LE, Kryukova EA, Gapizov SS, Dolgikh DA, Kirpichnikov MP. Display of Oligo-α-1,6-Glycosidase from Exiguobacterium sibiricum on the Surface of Escherichia coli Cells. BIOCHEMISTRY. BIOKHIMIIA 2023; 88:716-722. [PMID: 37331717 DOI: 10.1134/s0006297923050140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2023] [Revised: 04/03/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 06/20/2023]
Abstract
Cell-surface display using anchor motifs of outer membrane proteins allows exposure of target peptides and proteins on the surface of microbial cells. Previously, we obtained and characterized highly catalytically active recombinant oligo-α-1,6-glycosidase from the psychrotrophic bacterium Exiguobacterium sibiricum (EsOgl). It was also shown that the autotransporter AT877 from Psychrobacter cryohalolentis and its deletion variants efficiently displayed type III fibronectin (10Fn3) domain 10 on the surface of Escherichia coli cells. The aim of the work was to obtain an AT877-based system for displaying EsOgl on the surface of bacterial cells. The genes for the hybrid autotransporter EsOgl877 and its deletion mutants EsOgl877Δ239 and EsOgl877Δ310 were constructed, and the enzymatic activity of EsOgl877 was investigated. Cells expressing this protein retained ~90% of the enzyme maximum activity within a temperature range of 15-35°C. The activity of cells expressing EsOgl877Δ239 and EsOgl877Δ310 was 2.7 and 2.4 times higher, respectively, than of the cells expressing the full-size AT. Treatment of cells expressing EsOgl877 deletion variants with proteinase K showed that the passenger domain localized to the cell surface. These results can be used for further optimization of display systems expressing oligo-α-1,6-glycosidase and other heterologous proteins on the surface of E. coli cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lyudmila N Shingarova
- Shemyakin and Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 117997, Russia.
| | - Lada E Petrovskaya
- Shemyakin and Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 117997, Russia
| | - Elena A Kryukova
- Shemyakin and Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 117997, Russia
| | - Sultan S Gapizov
- Shemyakin and Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 117997, Russia
- Faculty of Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, 119234, Russia
| | - Dmitry A Dolgikh
- Shemyakin and Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 117997, Russia
- Faculty of Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, 119234, Russia
| | - Mikhail P Kirpichnikov
- Shemyakin and Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 117997, Russia
- Faculty of Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, 119234, Russia
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Huynh DT, Jong WSP, Oudejans MAH, van den Berg van Saparoea HB, Luirink J, van Ulsen P. Heterologous Display of Chlamydia trachomatis PmpD Passenger at the Surface of Salmonella OMVs. MEMBRANES 2023; 13:366. [PMID: 37103793 PMCID: PMC10145130 DOI: 10.3390/membranes13040366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2023] [Revised: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Chlamydia trachomatis is the bacterial pathogen that causes most cases of sexually transmitted diseases annually. To combat the global spread of asymptomatic infection, development of effective (mucosal) vaccines that offer both systemic and local immune responses is considered a high priority. In this study, we explored the expression of C. trachomatis full-length (FL) PmpD, as well as truncated PmpD passenger constructs fused to a "display" autotransporter (AT) hemoglobin protease (HbpD) and studied their inclusion into outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) of Escherichia coli and Salmonella Typhimurium. OMVs are considered safe vaccine vectors well-suited for mucosal delivery. By using E. coli AT HbpD-fusions of chimeric constructs we improved surface display and successfully generated Salmonella OMVs decorated with a secreted and immunogenic PmpD passenger fragment (aa68-629) to 13% of the total protein content. Next, we investigated whether a similar chimeric surface display strategy could be applied to other AT antigens, i.e., secreted fragments of Prn (aa35-350) of Bordetella pertussis and VacA (aa65-377) of Helicobacter pylori. The data provided information on the complexity of heterologous expression of AT antigens at the OMV surface and suggested that optimal expression strategies should be developed on an antigen-to-antigen basis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dung T. Huynh
- Abera Bioscience AB, 750 26 Uppsala, Sweden
- Department of Molecular Microbiology, Amsterdam Institute of Molecular and Life Sciences (AIMMS), Vrije Universiteit, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | - Manon A. H. Oudejans
- Department of Molecular Microbiology, Amsterdam Institute of Molecular and Life Sciences (AIMMS), Vrije Universiteit, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | - Joen Luirink
- Abera Bioscience AB, 750 26 Uppsala, Sweden
- Department of Molecular Microbiology, Amsterdam Institute of Molecular and Life Sciences (AIMMS), Vrije Universiteit, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Peter van Ulsen
- Department of Molecular Microbiology, Amsterdam Institute of Molecular and Life Sciences (AIMMS), Vrije Universiteit, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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5
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Surface display of (R)-carbonyl reductase on Escherichia coli as biocatalyst for recycling biotransformation of 2-hydroxyacetophenone. Biochem Eng J 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bej.2022.108686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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6
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Shingarova LN, Petrovskaya LE, Kryukova EA, Gapizov SS, Boldyreva EF, Dolgikh DA, Kirpichnikov MP. Deletion Variants of Autotransporter from Psychrobacter cryohalolentis Increase Efficiency of 10FN3 Exposure on the Surface of Escherichia coli Cells. BIOCHEMISTRY. BIOKHIMIIA 2022; 87:932-939. [PMID: 36180989 DOI: 10.1134/s0006297922090061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2022] [Revised: 07/11/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The autotransporter AT877 from Psychrobacter cryohalolentis belongs to the family of outer membrane proteins containing N-terminal passenger and C-terminal translocator domains that form the basis for the design of display systems on the surface of bacterial cells. It was shown in our previous study that the passenger domain of AT877 can be replaced by the cold-active esterase EstPc or the tenth domain of fibronectin type III (10Fn3). In order to increase efficiency of the 10Fn3 surface display in Escherichia coli cells, four deletion variants of the Fn877 hybrid autotransporter were obtained. It was demonstrated that all variants are present in the membrane of bacterial cells and facilitate binding of the antibodies specific against 10Fn3 on the cell surface. The highest level of binding is provided by the variants Δ239 and Δ310, containing four and seven beta-strands out of twelve that comprise the structure of the translocator domain. Using electrophoresis under semi-native conditions, presence of heat modifiability in the full-size Fn877 and its deletion variants was demonstrated, which indicated preservation of beta structure in their molecules. The obtained results could be used to optimize the bacterial display systems of 10Fn3, as well as of other heterologous passenger domains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lyudmila N Shingarova
- Shemyakin and Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 117997, Russia.
| | - Lada E Petrovskaya
- Shemyakin and Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 117997, Russia
| | - Elena A Kryukova
- Shemyakin and Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 117997, Russia
| | - Sultan S Gapizov
- Shemyakin and Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 117997, Russia
- Faculty of Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, 119234, Russia
| | - Elena F Boldyreva
- Shemyakin and Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 117997, Russia
| | - Dmitriy A Dolgikh
- Shemyakin and Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 117997, Russia
- Faculty of Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, 119234, Russia
| | - Mikhail P Kirpichnikov
- Shemyakin and Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 117997, Russia
- Faculty of Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, 119234, Russia
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7
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Pierrat X, Pham A, Wong JPH, Al-Mayyah Z, Persat A. Engineering Agrobacterium tumefaciens Adhesion to Target Cells. ACS Synth Biol 2022; 11:2662-2671. [PMID: 35881049 DOI: 10.1021/acssynbio.2c00069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Agrobacterium tumefaciens is a plant pathogen commonly repurposed for genetic modification of crops. Despite its versatility, it remains inefficient at transferring DNA to many hosts, including to animal cells. Like many pathogens, physical contact between A. tumefaciens and host cells promotes infection efficacy. Thus, improving the strength and specificity of A. tumefaciens to target cells has the potential for enhancing DNA transfer for biotechnological and therapeutic purposes. Here, we demonstrate a methodology for engineering genetically encoded exogeneous adhesins at the surface of A. tumefaciens. We identified an autotransporter gene we named Aat that is predicted to show canonical β-barrel and passenger domains. We engineered the β-barrel scaffold and linker (Aatβ) to display synthetic adhesins susceptible to rewire A. tumefaciens to alternative host targets. As a proof of concept, we leveraged the versatility of a VHH domain to rewire A. tumefaciens adhesion to yeast and mammalian hosts displaying a GFP target receptor. Finally, to demonstrate how synthetic A. tumefaciens adhesion can improve transfer to host cells, we showed improved protein translocation into HeLa cells using a sensitive split luciferase reporter system. Engineering A. tumefaciens adhesion has therefore a strong potential in generating complex heterogeneous cellular assemblies and in improving DNA transfer efficiency against non-natural hosts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xavier Pierrat
- School of Life Sciences, Institute of Bioengineering and Global Health Institute, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Alix Pham
- School of Life Sciences, Institute of Bioengineering and Global Health Institute, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Jeremy P H Wong
- School of Life Sciences, Institute of Bioengineering and Global Health Institute, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Zainebe Al-Mayyah
- School of Life Sciences, Institute of Bioengineering and Global Health Institute, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Alexandre Persat
- School of Life Sciences, Institute of Bioengineering and Global Health Institute, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
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8
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Li Z, Li W, Wang Y, Chen Z, Nakanishi H, Xu X, Gao XD. Establishment of a Novel Cell Surface Display Platform Based on Natural "Chitosan Beads" of Yeast Spores. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2022; 70:7479-7489. [PMID: 35678723 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.2c01983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Cell surface display technology, which expresses and anchors proteins on the surface of microbial cells, has broad application prospects in many fields, such as protein library screening, biocatalysis, and biosensor development. However, traditional cell surface display systems have disadvantages: the molecular weight of phage display proteins cannot be too large; bacterial display lacks the post-translational modification process for eukaryotic proteins; yeast display is prone to excessive protein glycosylation and misfolding of multisubunit proteins; and the compatibility of Bacillus subtilis spore display needs to be further improved. Therefore, it is extremely valuable to develop an efficient surface display platform with strong universality and stress resistance properties. Although yeast surface display systems have been extensively investigated, the establishment of a surface display platform using yeast spores has rarely been reported. In this study, a novel cell surface display platform based on natural "chitosan beads" of yeast spores was developed. The target protein in fusion with the chitosan affinity protein (CAP) exhibited strong binding capability with "chitosan beads" of yeast spores in vitro and in vivo. Moreover, this protein display system showed highly preferable enzymatic properties and stability. As an example, the displayed LXYL-P1-2-CAP demonstrated high thermostability and reusability (60% of the initial activity after seven cycles of reuse), high storage stability (75% of original activity after 8 weeks), and excellent tolerance to a concentration up to 75% (v/v) organic reagents. To prove the practicability of this surface display system, the semisynthesis of paclitaxel intermediate was demonstrated and its highest conversion rate was 92% using 0.25 mM substrate. This study provides a novel and useful platform for the surface display of proteins, especially for multimeric macromolecular proteins of eukaryotic origin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zijie Li
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wanjie Li
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yasen Wang
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhou Chen
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, Jiangsu, China
| | - Hideki Nakanishi
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiangyang Xu
- Zaozhuang Jienuo Enzyme Co., Ltd., Zaozhuang 277100, China
| | - Xiao-Dong Gao
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, Jiangsu, China
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9
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Mahdavi SZB, Oroojalian F, Eyvazi S, Hejazi M, Baradaran B, Pouladi N, Tohidkia MR, Mokhtarzadeh A, Muyldermans S. An overview on display systems (phage, bacterial, and yeast display) for production of anticancer antibodies; advantages and disadvantages. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 208:421-442. [PMID: 35339499 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.03.113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2021] [Revised: 10/12/2021] [Accepted: 03/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Antibodies as ideal therapeutic and diagnostic molecules are among the top-selling drugs providing considerable efficacy in disease treatment, especially in cancer therapy. Limitations of the hybridoma technology as routine antibody generation method in conjunction with numerous developments in molecular biology led to the development of alternative approaches for the streamlined identification of most effective antibodies. In this regard, display selection technologies such as phage display, bacterial display, and yeast display have been widely promoted over the past three decades as ideal alternatives to traditional methods. The display of antibodies on phages is probably the most widespread of these methods, although surface display on bacteria or yeast have been employed successfully, as well. These methods using various sizes of combinatorial antibody libraries and different selection strategies possessing benefits in screening potency, generating, and isolation of high affinity antibodies with low risk of immunogenicity. Knowing the basics of each method assists in the design and retrieval process of antibodies suitable for different diseases, including cancer. In this review, we aim to outline the basics of each library construction and its display method, screening and selection steps. The advantages and disadvantages in comparison to alternative methods, and their applications in antibody engineering will be explained. Finally, we will review approved or non-approved therapeutic antibodies developed by employing these methods, which may serve as therapeutic antibodies in cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Fatemeh Oroojalian
- Department of Advanced Sciences and Technologies in Medicine, School of Medicine, North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences, Bojnurd, Iran; Natural Products and Medicinal Plants Research Center, North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences, Bojnurd, Iran
| | - Shirin Eyvazi
- Department of Biology, Tabriz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tabriz, Iran; Biotechnology Research Center, Tabriz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Maryam Hejazi
- Chronic Diseases Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Behzad Baradaran
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Nasser Pouladi
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Azarbaijan Shahid Madani University, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Tohidkia
- Research Center for Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Ahad Mokhtarzadeh
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
| | - Serge Muyldermans
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Molecular Recognition and Imaging, School of Bioengineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, China..
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10
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Li W, Yin F, Bu Z, Liu Y, Zhang Y, Chen X, Li S, Li L, Zhou R, Huang Q. An Engineered Outer Membrane-Defective Escherichia coli Secreting Protective Antigens against Streptococcus suis via the Twin-Arginine Translocation Pathway as a Vaccine. J Microbiol Biotechnol 2022; 32:278-286. [PMID: 35283432 PMCID: PMC9628857 DOI: 10.4014/jmb.2107.07052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2021] [Revised: 01/20/2022] [Accepted: 02/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Live bacterial vector vaccines are one of the most promising vaccine types and have the advantages of low cost, flexibility, and good safety. Meanwhile, protein secretion systems have been reported as useful tools to facilitate the release of heterologous antigen proteins from bacterial vectors. The twin-arginine translocation (Tat) system is an important protein export system that transports fully folded proteins in a signal peptide-dependent manner. In this study, we constructed a live vector vaccine using an engineered commensal Escherichia coli strain in which amiA and amiC genes were deleted, resulting in a leaky outer membrane that allows the release of periplasmic proteins to the extracellular environment. The protective antigen proteins SLY, enolase, and Sbp against Streptococcus suis were targeted to the Tat pathway by fusing a Tat signal peptide. Our results showed that by exploiting the Tat pathway and the outer membrane-defective E. coli strain, the antigen proteins were successfully secreted. The strains secreting the antigen proteins were used to vaccinate mice. After S. suis challenge, the vaccinated group showed significantly higher survival and milder clinical symptoms compared with the vector group. Further analysis showed that the mice in the vaccinated group had lower burdens of bacteria load and slighter pathological changes. Our study reports a novel live bacterial vector vaccine that uses the Tat system and provides a new alternative for developing S. suis vaccine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenyu Li
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, P.R. China,Shandong Vocational Animal Science and Veterinary College, Weifang, P.R. China
| | - Fan Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, P.R. China
| | - Zixuan Bu
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, P.R. China
| | - Yuying Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, P.R. China
| | - Yongqing Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, P.R. China
| | - Xiabing Chen
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Science, Wuhan Academy of Agricultural Science and Technology, Wuhan 430070, P.R. China
| | - Shaowen Li
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, P.R. China
| | - Lu Li
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, P.R. China,Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Wuhan 430070, P.R. China,International Research Center for Animal Disease, Ministry of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430070, P.R. China,Key Laboratory of Development of Veterinary Diagnostic Products, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of China, Wuhan 430070, P.R. China
| | - Rui Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, P.R. China,Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Wuhan 430070, P.R. China,International Research Center for Animal Disease, Ministry of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430070, P.R. China,Key Laboratory of Development of Veterinary Diagnostic Products, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of China, Wuhan 430070, P.R. China
| | - Qi Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, P.R. China,Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Wuhan 430070, P.R. China,International Research Center for Animal Disease, Ministry of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430070, P.R. China,Key Laboratory of Development of Veterinary Diagnostic Products, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of China, Wuhan 430070, P.R. China,Corresponding author Phone: +86-27-87281878 Fax: + 86-27-8728 2608 E-mail:
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11
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Michalik M, Djahanschiri B, Leo JC, Linke D. An Update on "Reverse Vaccinology": The Pathway from Genomes and Epitope Predictions to Tailored, Recombinant Vaccines. METHODS IN MOLECULAR BIOLOGY (CLIFTON, N.J.) 2022; 2412:45-71. [PMID: 34918241 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-1892-9_4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
In this chapter, we review the computational approaches that have led to a new generation of vaccines in recent years. There are many alternative routes to develop vaccines based on the concept of reverse vaccinology. They all follow the same basic principles-mining available genome and proteome information for antigen candidates, and recombinantly expressing them for vaccine production. Some of the same principles have been used successfully for cancer therapy approaches. In this review, we focus on infectious diseases, describing the general workflow from bioinformatic predictions of antigens and epitopes down to examples where such predictions have been used successfully for vaccine development.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Bardya Djahanschiri
- Institute of Cell Biology and Neuroscience, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Jack C Leo
- Department of Biosciences, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham, UK
| | - Dirk Linke
- Department of Biosciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.
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12
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Phan TH, Kuijl C, Huynh DT, Jong WSP, Luirink J, van Ulsen P. Overproducing the BAM complex improves secretion of difficult-to-secrete recombinant autotransporter chimeras. Microb Cell Fact 2021; 20:176. [PMID: 34488755 PMCID: PMC8419823 DOI: 10.1186/s12934-021-01668-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2021] [Accepted: 08/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Monomeric autotransporters have been used extensively to transport recombinant proteins or protein domains to the cell surface of Gram-negative bacteria amongst others for antigen display. Genetic fusion of such antigens into autotransporters has yielded chimeras that can be used for vaccination purposes. However, not every fusion construct is transported efficiently across the cell envelope. Problems occur in particular when the fused antigen attains a relatively complex structure in the periplasm, prior to its translocation across the outer membrane. The latter step requires the interaction with periplasmic chaperones and the BAM (β-barrel assembly machinery) complex in the outer membrane. This complex catalyzes insertion and folding of β-barrel outer membrane proteins, including the β-barrel domain of autotransporters. Here, we investigated whether the availability of periplasmic chaperones or the BAM complex is a limiting factor for the surface localization of difficult-to-secrete chimeric autotransporter constructs. Indeed, we found that overproduction of in particular the BAM complex, increases surface display of difficult-to-secrete chimeras. Importantly, this beneficial effect appeared to be generic not only for a number of monomeric autotransporter fusions but also for fusions to trimeric autotransporters. Therefore, overproduction of BAM might be an attractive strategy to improve the production of recombinant autotransporter constructs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Trang H Phan
- Department of Molecular Microbiology, Amsterdam Institute of Molecular and Life Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Coen Kuijl
- Medical Microbiology and Infection Control, Amsterdam Institute of Infection & Immunity, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Dung T Huynh
- Department of Molecular Microbiology, Amsterdam Institute of Molecular and Life Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | - Joen Luirink
- Department of Molecular Microbiology, Amsterdam Institute of Molecular and Life Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Abera Bioscience AB, Solna, Sweden
| | - Peter van Ulsen
- Department of Molecular Microbiology, Amsterdam Institute of Molecular and Life Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
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13
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Ko HJ, Song H, Choi IG. Development of a Novel Cell Surface Attachment System to Display Multi-Protein Complex Using the Cohesin-Dockerin Binding Pair. J Microbiol Biotechnol 2021; 31:1183-1189. [PMID: 34226404 PMCID: PMC9705933 DOI: 10.4014/jmb.2105.05022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2021] [Revised: 06/30/2021] [Accepted: 07/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Autodisplay of a multimeric protein complex on a cell surface is limited by intrinsic factors such as the types and orientations of anchor modules. Moreover, improper folding of proteins to be displayed often hinders functional cell surface display. While overcoming these drawbacks, we ultimately extended the applicability of the autodisplay platform to the display of a protein complex. We designed and constructed a cell surface attachment (CSA) system that uses a noncovalent protein-protein interaction. We employed the high-affinity interaction mediated by an orthogonal cohesin-dockerin (Coh-Doc) pair from Archaeoglobus fulgidus to build the CSA system. Then, we validated the orthogonal Coh-Doc binding by attaching a monomeric red fluorescent protein to the cell surface. In addition, we evaluated the functional anchoring of proteins fused with the Doc module to the autodisplayed Coh module on the surface of Escherichia coli. The designed CSA system was applied to create a functional attachment of dimeric α-neoagarobiose hydrolase to the surface of E. coli cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyeok-Jin Ko
- Food Biotech R&D Center, Samyang Corp., Seongnam 13488, Republic of Korea
| | - Heesang Song
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Chosun University School of Medicine, Gwangju 61452, Republic of Korea
| | - In-Geol Choi
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
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14
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Petrovskaya LE, Ziganshin RH, Kryukova EA, Zlobinov AV, Gapizov SS, Shingarova LN, Mironov VA, Lomakina GY, Dolgikh DA, Kirpichnikov MP. Increased Synthesis of a Magnesium Transporter MgtA During Recombinant Autotransporter Expression in Escherichia coli. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2021; 193:3672-3703. [PMID: 34351586 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-021-03634-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2021] [Accepted: 07/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Overproduction of the membrane proteins in Escherichia coli cells is a common approach to obtain sufficient material for their functional and structural studies. However, the efficiency of this process can be limited by toxic effects which decrease the viability of the host and lead to low yield of the product. During the expression of the esterase autotransporter AT877 from Psychrobacter cryohalolentis K5T, we observed significant growth inhibition of the C41(DE3) cells in comparison with the same cells producing other recombinant proteins. Induction of AT877 synthesis also resulted in the elevated expression of a magnesium transporter MgtA and decreased ATP content of the cells. To characterize the response to overexpression of the autotransporter in bacterial cells, we performed a comparative analysis of their proteomic profile by mass spectrometry. According to the obtained data, E. coli cells which synthesize AT877 experience complex stress condition presumably associated with secretion apparatus overloading and improper localization of the recombinant protein. Several response pathways were shown to be activated by AT877 overproduction including Cpx, PhoP/PhoQ, Psp, and σE The obtained results open new opportunities for optimization of the recombinant membrane protein expression in E. coli for structural studies and biotechnological applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lada E Petrovskaya
- Shemyakin & Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic , Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, ul. Miklukho-Maklaya, 16/10, Moscow, 117997, Russia.
| | - Rustam H Ziganshin
- Shemyakin & Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic , Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, ul. Miklukho-Maklaya, 16/10, Moscow, 117997, Russia
| | - Elena A Kryukova
- Shemyakin & Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic , Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, ul. Miklukho-Maklaya, 16/10, Moscow, 117997, Russia
- Emanuel Institute of Biochemical Physics, Kosygina str., 4, Moscow, 119334, Russia
| | - Alexander V Zlobinov
- Shemyakin & Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic , Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, ul. Miklukho-Maklaya, 16/10, Moscow, 117997, Russia
| | - Sultan Sh Gapizov
- Shemyakin & Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic , Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, ul. Miklukho-Maklaya, 16/10, Moscow, 117997, Russia
- Emanuel Institute of Biochemical Physics, Kosygina str., 4, Moscow, 119334, Russia
- Department of Biology, M. V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie gory, 1, Moscow, 119234, Russia
| | - Lyudmila N Shingarova
- Shemyakin & Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic , Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, ul. Miklukho-Maklaya, 16/10, Moscow, 117997, Russia
| | - Vasiliy A Mironov
- Roche Diagnostics Rus LLC, Letnikovskaya str. 2/2, Moscow, 115114, Russia
| | - Galina Yu Lomakina
- Department of Chemistry, M. V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory, 1/3, Moscow, 119991, Russia
- Bauman Moscow State Technical University, Baumanskaya 2-ya, 5/1, Moscow, 105005, Russia
| | - Dmitriy A Dolgikh
- Shemyakin & Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic , Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, ul. Miklukho-Maklaya, 16/10, Moscow, 117997, Russia
- Emanuel Institute of Biochemical Physics, Kosygina str., 4, Moscow, 119334, Russia
- Department of Biology, M. V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie gory, 1, Moscow, 119234, Russia
| | - Mikhail P Kirpichnikov
- Shemyakin & Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic , Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, ul. Miklukho-Maklaya, 16/10, Moscow, 117997, Russia
- Department of Biology, M. V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie gory, 1, Moscow, 119234, Russia
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15
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Abstract
Pathogen attachment to host tissue is critical in the progress of many infections. Bacteria use adhesion in vivo to stabilize colonization and subsequently regulate the deployment of contact-dependent virulence traits. To specifically target host cells, they decorate themselves with adhesins, proteins that bind to mammalian cell surface receptors. One common assumption is that adhesin-receptor interactions entirely govern bacterial attachment. However, how adhesins engage with their receptors in an in vivo-like context remains unclear, in particular under the influence of a heterogeneous mechanical microenvironment. We here investigate the biophysical processes governing bacterial adhesion to host cells using a tunable adhesin-receptor system. By dynamically visualizing attachment, we found that bacterial adhesion to host cell surface, unlike adhesion to inert surfaces, involves two consecutive steps. Bacteria initially attach to their host without engaging adhesins. This step lasts about 1 min, during which bacteria can easily detach. We found that at this stage, the glycocalyx, a layer of glycosylated proteins and lipids, shields the host cell by keeping adhesins away from their receptor ligand. In a second step, adhesins engage with their target receptors to strengthen attachment for minutes to hours. The active properties of the membrane, endowed by the actin cytoskeleton, strengthen specific adhesion. Altogether, our results demonstrate that adhesin-ligand binding is not the sole regulator of bacterial adhesion. In fact, the host cell’s surface mechanical microenvironment mediates the physical interactions between host and bacteria, thereby playing an essential role in the onset of infection.
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16
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Gercke D, Furtmann C, Tozakidis IEP, Jose J. Highly Crystalline Post‐Consumer PET Waste Hydrolysis by Surface Displayed PETase Using a Bacterial Whole‐Cell Biocatalyst. ChemCatChem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/cctc.202100443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- David Gercke
- Institut für Pharmazeutische und Medizinische Chemie PharmaCampus Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster Corrensstrasse 48 48149 Münster Germany
| | - Christoph Furtmann
- Institut für Pharmazeutische und Medizinische Chemie PharmaCampus Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster Corrensstrasse 48 48149 Münster Germany
| | - Iasson E. P. Tozakidis
- Institut für Pharmazeutische und Medizinische Chemie PharmaCampus Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster Corrensstrasse 48 48149 Münster Germany
| | - Joachim Jose
- Institut für Pharmazeutische und Medizinische Chemie PharmaCampus Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster Corrensstrasse 48 48149 Münster Germany
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17
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Killed whole-genome reduced-bacteria surface-expressed coronavirus fusion peptide vaccines protect against disease in a porcine model. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2021; 118:2025622118. [PMID: 33858942 PMCID: PMC8106328 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2025622118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
As the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic rages on, it is important to explore new evolution-resistant vaccine antigens and new vaccine platforms that can produce readily scalable, inexpensive vaccines with easier storage and transport. We report here a synthetic biology-based vaccine platform that employs an expression vector with an inducible gram-negative autotransporter to express vaccine antigens on the surface of genome-reduced bacteria to enhance interaction of vaccine antigen with the immune system. As a proof-of-principle, we utilized genome-reduced Escherichia coli to express SARS-CoV-2 and porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) fusion peptide (FP) on the cell surface, and evaluated their use as killed whole-cell vaccines. The FP sequence is highly conserved across coronaviruses; the six FP core amino acid residues, along with the four adjacent residues upstream and the three residues downstream from the core, are identical between SARS-CoV-2 and PEDV. We tested the efficacy of PEDV FP and SARS-CoV-2 FP vaccines in a PEDV challenge pig model. We demonstrated that both vaccines induced potent anamnestic responses upon virus challenge, potentiated interferon-γ responses, reduced viral RNA loads in jejunum tissue, and provided significant protection against clinical disease. However, neither vaccines elicited sterilizing immunity. Since SARS-CoV-2 FP and PEDV FP vaccines provided similar clinical protection, the coronavirus FP could be a target for a broadly protective vaccine using any platform. Importantly, the genome-reduced bacterial surface-expressed vaccine platform, when using a vaccine-appropriate bacterial vector, has potential utility as an inexpensive, readily manufactured, and rapid vaccine platform for other pathogens.
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18
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Abstract
Ever since the discovery of antibodies, they have been generated by complicated multi-step procedures. Typically, these involve sequencing, cloning, and screening after expression of the antibodies in a suitable organism and format. Here, a staphylococcal nanobody display is described that omits many the abovementioned intermediate steps and allows for simultaneous screening of multiple targets without prior knowledge nor expression of the binders. This paper reports a detailed, general step-by-step protocol to achieve nanobodies of high affinity. Apart from its focus on radioactive and fluorescent targets, it gives options for various other target formats and additional applications for the staphylococcal library; including flow cytometry and immunoprecipitation. This provides a system for antibody engineers that can be easily adopted to their specific needs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Cavallari
- BIOSS Centre for Biological Signalling Studies, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.
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19
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Wettstadt S, Lai EM, Filloux A. Solving the Puzzle: Connecting a Heterologous Agrobacterium tumefaciens T6SS Effector to a Pseudomonas aeruginosa Spike Complex. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2020; 10:291. [PMID: 32656098 PMCID: PMC7324665 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2020.00291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2020] [Accepted: 05/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The type VI secretion system (T6SS) is a contractile injection apparatus that translocates a spike loaded with various effectors directly into eukaryotic and prokaryotic target cells. Such T6SS spike consists of a needle-shaped trimer of VgrG proteins topped by a conical and sharp PAAR protein that facilitates puncturing of the target membrane. T6SS-delivered effector proteins can be either fused to one of the two spike proteins or interact with either in a highly specific manner. In Agrobacterium tumefaciens the T6SS effector Tde1 is targeted to its cognate VgrG1 protein. Here, we attempted to use a VgrG shuttle to deliver a heterologous T6SS effector by directing Tde1 onto a T6SS spike in Pseudomonas aeruginosa. For this, we designed chimeras between VgrG1 from A. tumefaciens and VgrG1a from P. aeruginosa and showed that modification of the spike protein hampered T6SS functionality in the presence of the Tde1 effector complex. We provide evidence suggesting that Tde1 specifically binds to the VgrG spike in the heterologous environment and propose that there are additional requirements to allow proper effector delivery and translocation. Our work sheds light on complex aspects of the molecular mechanisms of T6SS delivery and highlights some limitations on how effectors can be translocated using this nanomachine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Wettstadt
- MRC Centre for Molecular Bacteriology and Infection, Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Erh-Min Lai
- Institute of Plant and Microbial Biology, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Alain Filloux
- MRC Centre for Molecular Bacteriology and Infection, Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
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20
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Zhang H, Chu W, Sun J, Liu Z, Huang WC, Xue C, Mao X. Combining Cell Surface Display and DNA-Shuffling Technology for Directed Evolution of Streptomyces Phospholipase D and Synthesis of Phosphatidylserine. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2019; 67:13119-13126. [PMID: 31686506 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.9b05394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Phospholipids have been widely used in food, medicine, cosmetics, and other fields because of their unique chemical structure and healthcare functions. Phospholipase D (PLD) is a key biocatalyst for the biotransformation of phospholipids. Here, an autodisplay expression system was constructed for rapid screening of mutants, and PLD variants were recombined using DNA shuffling technology and three beneficial mutations were obtained. The results of enzymatic performance and sequence information comparison indicated that C-terminal amino acids exerted a greater impact on the correct folding of PLDs, and N-terminal amino acids are more important for catalytic reaction. The best-performing recombinant enzyme in transphosphatidylation reactions was Recom-34, with a phosphatidylserine content accounting for 80.3% of total phospholipids and a 3.24-fold increased conversion rate compared to the parent enzyme. This study demonstrates great significance for screening ideal biocatalysts, facilitating soluble expression of inclusion body proteins, and identifying key amino acids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiyang Zhang
- College of Food Science and Engineering , Ocean University of China , Qingdao 266003 , Shandong , China
| | - Wenqin Chu
- College of Food Science and Engineering , Ocean University of China , Qingdao 266003 , Shandong , China
| | - Jianan Sun
- College of Food Science and Engineering , Ocean University of China , Qingdao 266003 , Shandong , China
| | - Zhen Liu
- College of Food Science and Engineering , Ocean University of China , Qingdao 266003 , Shandong , China
| | - Wen-Can Huang
- College of Food Science and Engineering , Ocean University of China , Qingdao 266003 , Shandong , China
| | - Changhu Xue
- College of Food Science and Engineering , Ocean University of China , Qingdao 266003 , Shandong , China
- Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts of Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology , Qingdao 266237 , Shandong , China
| | - Xiangzhao Mao
- College of Food Science and Engineering , Ocean University of China , Qingdao 266003 , Shandong , China
- Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts of Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology , Qingdao 266237 , Shandong , China
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21
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Adhikari S, Leissa JA, Karlsson AJ. Beyond function: Engineering improved peptides for therapeutic applications. AIChE J 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/aic.16776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Sayanee Adhikari
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering University of Maryland College Park Maryland
| | - Jesse A. Leissa
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering University of Maryland College Park Maryland
| | - Amy J. Karlsson
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering University of Maryland College Park Maryland
- Fischell Department of Bioengineering University of Maryland College Park Maryland
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22
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Functional Autodisplay of Phenolic Acid Decarboxylase using a GDSL Autotransporter on Escherichia coli for Efficient Catalysis of 4-Hydroxycinnamic Acids to Vinylphenol Derivatives. Catalysts 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/catal9080634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Bioproduction of vinylphenol derivatives, such as 4-vinylguaiacol (4-VG) and 4-vinylphenol (4-VP), from 4-hydroxycinnamic acids, such as ferulic acid (FA) and p-coumaric acid (pCA), employing whole cells expressing phenolic acid decarboxylases (PAD) as a biocatalyst has attracted much attention in recent years. However, the accumulation of 4-VG or 4-VP in the cell may cause high cytotoxicity to Escherichia coli (E. coli) and consequently cell death during the process. In this study, we firstly report the functional display of a phenolic acid decarboxylase (BLPAD) from Bacillus licheniformis using a GDSL autotransporter from Pseudomonas putida on the cell surface of E. coli. Expression and localization of BLPAD on E. coli were verified by SDS-PAGE and protease accessibility. The PelB signal peptide is more effective in guiding the translocation of BLPAD on the cell surface than the native signal peptide of GDSL, and the cell surface displaying BLPAD activity reached 19.72 U/OD600. The cell surface displaying BLPAD showed good reusability and retained 63% of residual activity after 7 cycles of repeated use. In contrast, the residual activity of the intracellular expressing cells was approximately 11% after 3 cycles of reuse. The molar bioconversion yields of 72.6% and 80.4% were achieved at the concentration of 300 mM of FA and pCA in a biphasic toluene/Na2HPO4–citric acid buffer system, respectively. Its good reusability and efficient catalysis suggested that the cell surface displaying BLPAD can be used as a whole-cell biocatalyst for efficient production of 4-VG and 4-VP.
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23
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Ding Z, Guan F, Yu X, Li Q, Wang Q, Tian J, Wu N. Identification of the anchoring protein SpoIIIJ for construction of the microbial cell surface display system in Bacillus spp. Int J Biol Macromol 2019; 133:614-623. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2019.04.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2019] [Revised: 02/28/2019] [Accepted: 04/05/2019] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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24
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Molecular optimization of autotransporter-based tyrosinase surface display. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOMEMBRANES 2019; 1861:486-494. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2018.11.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2018] [Revised: 11/02/2018] [Accepted: 11/30/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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25
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Charrier M, Li D, Mann VR, Yun L, Jani S, Rad B, Cohen BE, Ashby PD, Ryan KR, Ajo-Franklin CM. Engineering the S-Layer of Caulobacter crescentus as a Foundation for Stable, High-Density, 2D Living Materials. ACS Synth Biol 2019; 8:181-190. [PMID: 30577690 DOI: 10.1021/acssynbio.8b00448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Materials synthesized by organisms, such as bones and wood, combine the ability to self-repair with remarkable mechanical properties. This multifunctionality arises from the presence of living cells within the material and hierarchical assembly of different components across nanometer to micron scales. While creating engineered analogues of these natural materials is of growing interest, our ability to hierarchically order materials using living cells largely relies on engineered 1D protein filaments. Here, we lay the foundation for bottom-up assembly of engineered living material composites in 2D along the cell body using a synthetic biology approach. We engineer the paracrystalline surface-layer (S-layer) of Caulobacter crescentus to display SpyTag peptides that form irreversible isopeptide bonds to SpyCatcher-modified proteins, nanocrystals, and biopolymers on the extracellular surface. Using flow cytometry and confocal microscopy, we show that attachment of these materials to the cell surface is uniform, specific, and covalent, and its density can be controlled on the basis of the insertion location within the S-layer protein, RsaA. Moreover, we leverage the irreversible nature of this attachment to demonstrate via SDS-PAGE that the engineered S-layer can display a high density of materials, reaching 1 attachment site per 288 nm2. Finally, we show that ligation of quantum dots to the cell surface does not impair cell viability, and this composite material remains intact over a period of 2 weeks. Taken together, this work provides a platform for self-organization of soft and hard nanomaterials on a cell surface with precise control over 2D density, composition, and stability of the resulting composite, and is a key step toward building hierarchically ordered engineered living materials with emergent properties.
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26
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Detection and distribution of Sca autotransporter protein antigens in diverse isolates of Orientia tsutsugamushi. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2018; 12:e0006784. [PMID: 30235210 PMCID: PMC6168176 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0006784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2018] [Revised: 10/02/2018] [Accepted: 08/24/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Orientia tsutsugamushi (Ots) frequently causes severe scrub typhus infections in the Asia-Pacific region. Korean investigators have demonstrated that Ots encodes five different autotransporter domain (ATD) proteins (ScaA-ScaE). ScaA functions as an adhesin and confers protective immunity in a lethal mouse model of Ots infection. Specific antibodies are detected against ScaA and ScaC in Korean scrub typhus patients. However, there is limited data on the distribution of the Sca protein genes in diverse isolates of Ots. By BLAST analysis with the conserved beta barrel autotransporter domain (ATD) regions of the sca proteins, we discovered a sixth gene scaF among 3 of 10 new partial Ots genome sequences available at NCBI GenBank (Sido, Karp, AFSC7). We designed two to seven specific TaqMan assays to detect the ATD for each of the six sca genes. The TaqMan assays among those for each sca gene which gave the greatest sensitivity and linearity with DNA log dilutions were then used for screening DNAs from Ots isolates grown in L929 mouse cells for sca genes. The sca prevalence survey was performed for all six sca genes with 178 DNAs from isolates from 12 countries. The survey results were confirmed by conventional PCR with primers from conserved regions of the passenger domains (PD) and ATD of the sca proteins. The ATD was highly conserved between the DNAs of different genotypes compared to the sca PD but each TaqMan assay was sca specific. The percentage positivity for 56 kDa and scaA genes in the 178 DNAs using Ha primers was 59.6% and 62.4%, respectively. Our scaA conventional ATD PCR assay was positive in 98.3% but scaA was present in all 178 DNAs (100%) by ATD TaqMan. scaB, scaC, scaD, scaE and scaF were detected in 33.7%, 97.8%, 93.8%, 97.2% and 43.3% isolates by ATD TaqMan, respectively. The ATDs of Ots sca genes are thus sufficiently conserved between different genotypes for molecular assay design. Four sca genes are widely distributed among diverse Ots isolates from diverse geographical areas. scaB and scaF were detected in fewer Ots isolates and absent from some available genome sequences. Whether the utility of the ScaA, ScaC, ScaD, and ScaE antigenic passenger protein domains exceeds that of the mixed 56 kDa type surface antigens of Ots now used in combination diagnostic assays needs to be determined before they can be considered as suitable alternative serological antigens for diagnosis of scrub typhus. Orientia tsutsugamushi (Ots) frequently causes severe scrub typhus infections in the Asia-Pacific region. Korean investigators had previously demonstrated that Ots encodes five different cell surface (Sca) proteins which have functional regions that mediate their transport to the cell surface. One of the proteins (ScaA) is able to serve as a vaccine against a Korean strain of Ots. Several of the Sca proteins stimulate production of antibodies during scrub typhus infections in humans. However, very little was known about the distribution of the Sca protein genes in isolates of Ots in other countries in the Asia-Pacific region where scrub tyhus occurs. We discovered there is a sixth gene scaF in some Ots strains. We designed sensitive molecular assays from conserved regions of each protein to survey the presence of the six sca genes in 178 DNAs from isolates from 12 countries. Only four sca genes are widely distributed among diverse Ots isolates from diverse geographical areas. scaB and scaF were detected much less frequently in Ots isolates. Future studies will be required to determine whether the Sca proteins are suitable for improved diagnostic assays and vaccines for scrub typhus.
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Shingarova LN, Petrovskaya LE, Zlobinov AV, Gapizov SS, Kryukova EA, Birikh KR, Boldyreva EF, Yakimov SA, Dolgikh DA, Kirpichnikov MP. Construction of Artificial TNF-Binding Proteins Based on the 10th Human Fibronectin Type III Domain Using Bacterial Display. BIOCHEMISTRY (MOSCOW) 2018; 83:708-716. [PMID: 30195327 DOI: 10.1134/s0006297918060081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Construction of antibody mimetics on the base of alternative scaffold proteins is a promising strategy for obtaining new products for medicine and biotechnology. The aim of our work was to optimize the cell display system for the 10th human fibronectin type III domain (10Fn3) scaffold protein based on the AT877 autotransporter from Psychrobacter cryohalolentis K5T and to construct new artificial TNF-binding proteins. We obtained a 10Fn3 gene combinatorial library and screened it using the bacterial display method. After expression of the selected 10Fn3 variants in Escherichia coli cells and analysis of their TNF-binding activity, we identified proteins that display high affinity for TNF and characterized their properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- L N Shingarova
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 117997, Russia.
| | - L E Petrovskaya
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 117997, Russia
| | - A V Zlobinov
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 117997, Russia.,Lomonosov Moscow State University, Faculty of Biology, Moscow, 119234, Russia
| | - S Sh Gapizov
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 117997, Russia.,Lomonosov Moscow State University, Faculty of Biology, Moscow, 119234, Russia
| | - E A Kryukova
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 117997, Russia
| | - K R Birikh
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 117997, Russia
| | - E F Boldyreva
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 117997, Russia
| | - S A Yakimov
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 117997, Russia
| | - D A Dolgikh
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 117997, Russia.,Lomonosov Moscow State University, Faculty of Biology, Moscow, 119234, Russia
| | - M P Kirpichnikov
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 117997, Russia.,Lomonosov Moscow State University, Faculty of Biology, Moscow, 119234, Russia
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van Ulsen P, Zinner KM, Jong WSP, Luirink J. On display: autotransporter secretion and application. FEMS Microbiol Lett 2018; 365:5061625. [DOI: 10.1093/femsle/fny165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2018] [Accepted: 07/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Peter van Ulsen
- Section Molecular Microbiology, Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Amsterdam Institute for Molecules, Medicines and Systems (AIMMS), Vrije Universiteit, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Katinka M Zinner
- Section Molecular Microbiology, Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Amsterdam Institute for Molecules, Medicines and Systems (AIMMS), Vrije Universiteit, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | - Joen Luirink
- Section Molecular Microbiology, Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Amsterdam Institute for Molecules, Medicines and Systems (AIMMS), Vrije Universiteit, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Abera Bioscience AB, SE-111 45 Stockholm, Sweden
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Leo JC, Linke D. A unified model for BAM function that takes into account type Vc secretion and species differences in BAM composition. AIMS Microbiol 2018; 4:455-468. [PMID: 31294227 PMCID: PMC6604945 DOI: 10.3934/microbiol.2018.3.455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2018] [Accepted: 06/13/2018] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Transmembrane proteins in the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria are almost exclusively β-barrels. They are inserted into the outer membrane by a conserved and essential protein complex called the BAM (for β-barrel assembly machinery). In this commentary, we summarize current research into the mechanism of this protein complex and how it relates to type V secretion. Type V secretion systems are autotransporters that all contain a β-barrel transmembrane domain inserted by BAM. In type Vc systems, this domain is a homotrimer. We argue that none of the current models are sufficient to explain BAM function particularly regarding type Vc secretion. We also find that current models based on the well-studied model system Escherichia coli mostly ignore the pronounced differences in BAM composition between different bacterial species. We propose a more holistic view on how all OMPs, including autotransporters, are incorporated into the lipid bilayer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jack C Leo
- Department of Biosciences, University of Oslo, Blindernveien 31, 0316 Oslo, Norway
| | - Dirk Linke
- Department of Biosciences, University of Oslo, Blindernveien 31, 0316 Oslo, Norway
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The workability of Escherichia coli BL21 (DE3) and Pseudomonas putida KT2440 expression platforms with autodisplayed cellulases: a comparison. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2018; 102:4829-4841. [DOI: 10.1007/s00253-018-8987-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2018] [Revised: 04/02/2018] [Accepted: 04/05/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Display of Recombinant Proteins on Bacterial Outer Membrane Vesicles by Using Protein Ligation. Appl Environ Microbiol 2018; 84:AEM.02567-17. [PMID: 29439988 DOI: 10.1128/aem.02567-17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2017] [Accepted: 02/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The Escherichia coli virulence factor hemoglobin protease (Hbp) has been engineered into a surface display system that can be expressed to high density on live E. coli and Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium cells or derived outer membrane vesicles (OMVs). Multiple antigenic sequences can be genetically fused into the Hbp core structure for optimal exposure to the immune system. Although the Hbp display platform is relatively tolerant, increasing the number, size, and complexity of integrated sequences generally lowers the expression of the fused constructs and limits the density of display. This is due to the intricate mechanism of Hbp secretion across the outer membrane and the efficient quality control of translocation-incompetent chimeric Hbp molecules in the periplasm. To address this shortcoming, we explored the coupling of purified proteins to the Hbp carrier after its translocation across the outer membrane using the recently developed SpyTag/SpyCatcher protein ligation system. As expected, fusion of the small SpyTag to Hbp did not hamper display on OMVs. Subsequent addition of purified proteins fused to the SpyCatcher domain resulted in efficient covalent coupling to Hbp-SpyTag. Using in addition the orthogonal SnoopTag/SnoopCatcher system, multiple antigen modules could be coupled to Hbp in a sequential ligation strategy. Not only antigens proved suitable for Spy-mediated ligation but also nanobodies. Addition of this functionality to the platform might allow the targeting of live bacterial or OMV vaccines to certain tissues or immune cells to tailor immune responses.IMPORTANCE Outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) derived from Gram-negative bacteria attract increasing interest in the development of vaccines and therapeutic agents. We aim to construct a semisynthetic OMV platform for recombinant antigen presentation on OMVs derived from attenuated Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium cells displaying an adapted Escherichia coli autotransporter, Hbp, at the surface. Although this autotransporter accepts substantial modifications, its capacity with respect to the number, size, and structural complexity of the antigens genetically fused to the Hbp carrier is restricted. Here we describe the application of SpyCatcher/SpyTag protein ligation technology to enzymatically link antigens to Hbp present at high density in OMVs. Protein ligation was apparently unobstructed by the membrane environment and allowed a high surface density of coupled antigens, a property we have shown to be important for vaccine efficacy. The OMV coupling procedure appears versatile and robust, allowing fast production of experimental vaccines and therapeutic agents through a modular plug-and-display procedure.
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Jong WSP, Schillemans M, ten Hagen-Jongman CM, Luirink J, van Ulsen P. Comparing autotransporter β-domain configurations for their capacity to secrete heterologous proteins to the cell surface. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0191622. [PMID: 29415042 PMCID: PMC5802855 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0191622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2017] [Accepted: 01/08/2018] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Monomeric autotransporters have been extensively used for export of recombinant proteins to the cell surface of Gram-negative bacteria. A bottleneck in the biosynthesis of such constructs is the passage of the outer membrane, which is facilitated by the β-domain at the C terminus of an autotransporter in conjunction with the Bam complex in the outer membrane. We have evaluated eight β-domain constructs for their capacity to secrete fused proteins to the cell surface. These constructs derive from the monomeric autotransporters Hbp, IgA protease, Ag43 and EstA and the trimeric autotransporter Hia, which all were selected because they have been previously used for secretion of recombinant proteins. We fused three different protein domains to the eight β-domain constructs, being a Myc-tag, the Hbp passenger and a nanobody or VHH domain, and assessed expression, membrane insertion and surface exposure. Our results show that expression levels differed considerably between the constructs tested. The constructs that included the β-domains of Hbp and IgA protease appeared the most efficient and resulted in expression levels that were detectable on Coomassie-stained SDS-PAGE gels. The VHH domain appeared the most difficult fusion partner to export, probably due to its complex immunoglobulin-like structure with a tertiary structure stabilized by an intramolecular disulfide bond. Overall, the Hbp β-domain compared favorably in exporting the fused recombinant proteins, because it showed in every instance tested a good level of expression, stable membrane insertion and clear surface exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wouter S. P. Jong
- Section Molecular Microbiology, Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Amsterdam Institute for Molecules, Medicines and Systems (AIMMS), Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Abera Bioscience AB, Stockholm, Sweden
- * E-mail: ;
| | | | - Corinne M. ten Hagen-Jongman
- Section Molecular Microbiology, Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Amsterdam Institute for Molecules, Medicines and Systems (AIMMS), Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Joen Luirink
- Section Molecular Microbiology, Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Amsterdam Institute for Molecules, Medicines and Systems (AIMMS), Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Abera Bioscience AB, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Peter van Ulsen
- Section Molecular Microbiology, Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Amsterdam Institute for Molecules, Medicines and Systems (AIMMS), Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- * E-mail: ;
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Pardavé-Alejandre HD, Alvarado-Yaah JE, Pompa-Mera EN, Muñoz-Medina JE, Sárquiz-Martínez B, Santacruz-Tinoco CE, Manning-Cela RG, Ortíz-Navarrete V, López-Macías C, González-Bonilla CR. Autodisplay of an avidin with biotin-binding activity on the surface of Escherichia coli. Biotechnol Lett 2018; 40:591-600. [PMID: 29357100 DOI: 10.1007/s10529-018-2507-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2017] [Accepted: 01/08/2018] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To display a recombinant avidin fused to the autotransporter ShdA to bind biotinylated molecules on the surface of Escherichia coli. RESULTS Two chimeric protein constructs containing avidin fused to the autotransporter ShdA were expressed on the surface of Escherichia coli DH5α. One fusion protein contained 476 amino acids of the ShdA α and β domains, whereas the second consisted of a 314 amino acid from α and truncated β domains. Protein production was verified by SDS-PAGE using an antibody to the molecular FLAG-tag. The surface display of the avidin-shdA fusion protein was confirmed by confocal microscopy and flow cytometry analysis, and the biotin-binding activity was evaluated by fluorescence microscopy and flow cytometry using biotin-4-fluorescein and biotinylated-ovalbumin (OVA). CONCLUSIONS Expression of a recombinant avidin with biotin-binding activity on the surface of E. coli was achieved using the autotransporter ShdA. This system is an alternative to bind biotinylated molecules to E. coli.
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Affiliation(s)
- H D Pardavé-Alejandre
- Laboratorio Central de Epidemiología, Coordinación de Vigilancia Epidemiológica, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Mexico City, México
| | - J E Alvarado-Yaah
- Laboratorio Central de Epidemiología, Coordinación de Vigilancia Epidemiológica, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Mexico City, México
| | - E N Pompa-Mera
- Unidad de Investigación en Enfermedades Infecciosas y Parasitarias, Hospital de Pediatría, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Mexico City, México
| | - J E Muñoz-Medina
- Laboratorio Central de Epidemiología, Coordinación de Vigilancia Epidemiológica, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Mexico City, México
| | - B Sárquiz-Martínez
- Laboratorio Central de Epidemiología, Coordinación de Vigilancia Epidemiológica, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Mexico City, México
| | - C E Santacruz-Tinoco
- Laboratorio Central de Epidemiología, Coordinación de Vigilancia Epidemiológica, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Mexico City, México
| | - R G Manning-Cela
- Depto. de Biomedicina Molecular, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del IPN, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - V Ortíz-Navarrete
- Depto. de Biomedicina Molecular, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del IPN, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - C López-Macías
- Unidad de Investigación Médica en Inmunoquímica, Hospital de Especialidades, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Mexico City, México
- Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - C R González-Bonilla
- Laboratorio Central de Epidemiología, Coordinación de Vigilancia Epidemiológica, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Mexico City, México.
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Rojas-Lopez M, Zorgani MA, Kelley LA, Bailly X, Kajava AV, Henderson IR, Polticelli F, Pizza M, Rosini R, Desvaux M. Identification of the Autochaperone Domain in the Type Va Secretion System (T5aSS): Prevalent Feature of Autotransporters with a β-Helical Passenger. Front Microbiol 2018; 8:2607. [PMID: 29375499 PMCID: PMC5767081 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2017.02607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2017] [Accepted: 12/14/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Autotransporters (ATs) belong to a family of modular proteins secreted by the Type V, subtype a, secretion system (T5aSS) and considered as an important source of virulence factors in lipopolysaccharidic diderm bacteria (archetypical Gram-negative bacteria). While exported by the Sec pathway, the ATs are further secreted across the outer membrane via their own C-terminal translocator forming a β-barrel, through which the rest of the protein, namely the passenger, can pass. In several ATs, an autochaperone domain (AC) present at the C-terminal region of the passenger and upstream of the translocator was demonstrated as strictly required for proper secretion and folding. However, considering it was functionally characterised and identified only in a handful of ATs, wariness recently fells on the commonality and conservation of this structural element in the T5aSS. To circumvent the issue of sequence divergence and taking advantage of the resolved three-dimensional structure of some ACs, identification of this domain was performed following structural alignment among all AT passengers experimentally resolved by crystallography before searching in a dataset of 1523 ATs. While demonstrating that the AC is indeed a conserved structure found in numerous ATs, phylogenetic analysis further revealed a distribution into deeply rooted branches, from which emerge 20 main clusters. Sequence analysis revealed that an AC could be identified in the large majority of SAATs (self-associating ATs) but not in any LEATs (lipase/esterase ATs) nor in some PATs (protease autotransporters) and PHATs (phosphatase/hydrolase ATs). Structural analysis indicated that an AC was present in passengers exhibiting single-stranded right-handed parallel β-helix, whatever the type of β-solenoid, but not with α-helical globular fold. From this investigation, the AC of type 1 appears as a prevalent and conserved structural element exclusively associated to β-helical AT passenger and should promote further studies about the protein secretion and folding via the T5aSS, especially toward α-helical AT passengers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maricarmen Rojas-Lopez
- Université Clermont Auvergne, INRA, UMR454 MEDiS, Clermont-Ferrand, France.,GSK, Siena, Italy
| | - Mohamed A Zorgani
- Université Clermont Auvergne, INRA, UMR454 MEDiS, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Lawrence A Kelley
- Structural Bioinformatics Group, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Xavier Bailly
- Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, UR346 Epidémiologie Animale, Saint Genès Champanelle, France
| | - Andrey V Kajava
- CRBM UMR5237 CNRS, Institut de Biologie Computationnelle, Université Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Ian R Henderson
- Institute of Microbiology and Infection, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Fabio Polticelli
- Department of Sciences, National Institute of Nuclear Physics, Roma Tre University, Rome, Italy
| | | | | | - Mickaël Desvaux
- Université Clermont Auvergne, INRA, UMR454 MEDiS, Clermont-Ferrand, France
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Fusion with the cold-active esterase facilitates autotransporter-based surface display of the 10th human fibronectin domain in Escherichia coli. Extremophiles 2017; 22:141-150. [PMID: 29256084 DOI: 10.1007/s00792-017-0990-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2017] [Accepted: 12/08/2017] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Cell surface display is a popular approach for the construction of whole-cell biocatalysts, live vaccines, and screening of combinatorial libraries. To develop a novel surface display system for the popular scaffold protein 10th human fibronectin type III domain (10Fn3) in Escherichia coli cells, we have used an α-helical linker and a C-terminal translocator domain from previously characterized autotransporter from Psychrobacter cryohalolentis K5T. The level of 10Fn3 passenger exposure at the cell surface provided by the hybrid autotransporter Fn877 and its C-terminal variants was low. To improve it, the fusion proteins containing 10Fn3 and the native autotransporter passenger Est877 or the cold-active esterase EstPc in different orientations were constructed and expressed as passenger domains. Using the whole-cell ELISA and activity assays, we have demonstrated that N-terminal position of EstPc in the passenger significantly improves the efficiency of the surface display of 10Fn3 in E. coli cells.
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Redesigning of Microbial Cell Surface and Its Application to Whole-Cell Biocatalysis and Biosensors. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2017; 185:396-418. [PMID: 29168153 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-017-2662-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2017] [Accepted: 11/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Microbial cell surface display technology can redesign cell surfaces with functional proteins and peptides to endow cells some unique features. Foreign peptides or proteins are transported out of cells and immobilized on cell surface by fusing with anchoring proteins, which is an effective solution to avoid substance transfer limitation, enzyme purification, and enzyme instability. As the most frequently used prokaryotic and eukaryotic protein surface display system, bacterial and yeast surface display systems have been widely applied in vaccine, biocatalysis, biosensor, bioadsorption, and polypeptide library screening. In this review of bacterial and yeast surface display systems, different cell surface display mechanisms and their applications in biocatalysis as well as biosensors are described with their strengths and shortcomings. In addition to single enzyme display systems, multi-enzyme co-display systems are presented here. Finally, future developments based on our and other previous reports are discussed.
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Antigen Localization Influences the Magnitude and Kinetics of Endogenous Adaptive Immune Response to Recombinant Salmonella Vaccines. Infect Immun 2017; 85:IAI.00593-17. [PMID: 28893919 PMCID: PMC5695123 DOI: 10.1128/iai.00593-17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2017] [Accepted: 08/19/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The use of recombinant attenuated Salmonella vaccine (RASV) strains is a promising strategy for presenting heterologous antigens to the mammalian immune system to induce both cellular and humoral immune responses. However, studies on RASV development differ on where heterologous antigens are expressed and localized within the bacterium, and it is unclear how antigen localization modulates the immune response. Previously, we exploited the plasmid-encoded toxin (Pet) autotransporter system for accumulation of heterologous antigens in cell culture supernatant. In the present study, this Pet system was used to express early secretory antigen 6 (ESAT-6), an immunodominant and diagnostic antigen from Mycobacterium tuberculosis, in Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium strain SL3261. Three strains were generated, whereby ESAT-6 was expressed as a cytoplasmic (SL3261/cyto), surface-bound (SL3261/surf), or secreted (SL3261/sec) antigen. Using these RASVs, the relationship between antigen localization and immunogenicity in infected C57BL/6 mice was systematically examined. Using purified antigen and specific tetramers, we showed that mice infected with the SL3261/surf or SL3261/sec strain generated large numbers of Th1 CD4+ ESAT-6+ splenic T cells compared to those of mice infected with SL3261/cyto. While all mice showed ESAT-6-specific antibody responses when infected with SL3261/surf or SL3261/sec, peak total serum IgG antibody titers were reached more rapidly in mice that received SL3261/sec. Thus, how antigen is localized after production within bacteria has a more marked effect on the antibody response than on the CD4+ T cell response, which might influence the chosen strategy to localize recombinant antigen in RASVs.
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Salema V, Fernández LÁ. Escherichia coli surface display for the selection of nanobodies. Microb Biotechnol 2017; 10:1468-1484. [PMID: 28772027 PMCID: PMC5658595 DOI: 10.1111/1751-7915.12819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2017] [Revised: 07/12/2017] [Accepted: 07/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Nanobodies (Nbs) are the smallest functional antibody fragments known in nature and have multiple applications in biomedicine or environmental monitoring. Nbs are derived from the variable segment of camelid heavy chain-only antibodies, known as VHH. For selection, libraries of VHH gene segments from naïve, immunized animals or of synthetic origin have been traditionally cloned in E. coli phage display or yeast display systems, and clones binding the target antigen recovered, usually from plastic surfaces with the immobilized antigen (phage display) or using fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS; yeast display). This review briefly describes these conventional approaches and focuses on the distinct properties of an E. coli display system developed in our laboratory, which combines the benefits of both phage display and yeast display systems. We demonstrate that E. coli display using an N-terminal domain of intimin is an effective platform for the surface display of VHH libraries enabling selection of high-affinity Nbs by magnetic cell sorting and direct selection on live mammalian cells displaying the target antigen on their surface. Flow cytometry analysis of E. coli bacteria displaying the Nbs on their surface allows monitoring of the selection process, facilitates screening, characterization of antigen-binding clones, specificity, ligand competition and estimation of the equilibrium dissociation constant (KD ).
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Affiliation(s)
- Valencio Salema
- Department of Microbial BiotechnologyCentro Nacional de Biotecnología (CNB)Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)MadridSpain
| | - Luis Ángel Fernández
- Department of Microbial BiotechnologyCentro Nacional de Biotecnología (CNB)Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)MadridSpain
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Vo JL, Martínez Ortiz GC, Subedi P, Keerthikumar S, Mathivanan S, Paxman JJ, Heras B. Autotransporter Adhesins in Escherichia coli Pathogenesis. Proteomics 2017; 17. [PMID: 28665015 DOI: 10.1002/pmic.201600431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2017] [Revised: 06/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Most bacteria produce adhesion molecules to facilitate the interaction with host cells and establish successful infections. An important group of bacterial adhesins belong to the autotransporter (AT) superfamily, the largest group of secreted and outer membrane proteins in Gram-negative bacteria. AT adhesins possess diverse functions that facilitate bacterial colonisation, survival and persistence, and as such are often associated with increased bacterial fitness and pathogenic potential. In this review, we will describe AIDA-I type AT adhesins, which comprise the biggest and most diverse group in the AT family. We will focus on Escherichia coli proteins and define general aspects of their biogenesis, distribution, structural properties and key roles in infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julieanne L Vo
- Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Gabriela Constanza Martínez Ortiz
- Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Pramod Subedi
- Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Shivakumar Keerthikumar
- Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Suresh Mathivanan
- Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Jason J Paxman
- Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Begoña Heras
- Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
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Cavallari M. Rapid and Direct VHH and Target Identification by Staphylococcal Surface Display Libraries. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:ijms18071507. [PMID: 28704956 PMCID: PMC5535997 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18071507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2017] [Revised: 07/07/2017] [Accepted: 07/10/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Unbiased and simultaneous identification of a specific antibody and its target antigen has been difficult without prior knowledge of at least one interaction partner. Immunization with complex mixtures of antigens such as whole organisms and tissue extracts including tumoral ones evokes a highly diverse immune response. During such a response, antibodies are generated against a variety of epitopes in the mixture. Here, we propose a surface display design that is suited to simultaneously identify camelid single domain antibodies and their targets. Immune libraries of single-domain antigen recognition fragments from camelid heavy chain-only antibodies (VHH) were attached to the peptidoglycan of Gram-positive Staphylococcus aureus employing its endogenous housekeeping sortase enzyme. The sortase transpeptidation reaction covalently attached the VHH to the bacterial peptidoglycan. The reversible nature of the reaction allowed the recovery of the VHH from the bacterial surface and the use of the VHH in downstream applications. These staphylococcal surface display libraries were used to rapidly identify VHH as well as their targets by immunoprecipitation (IP). Our novel bacterial surface display platform was stable under harsh screening conditions, allowed fast target identification, and readily permitted the recovery of the displayed VHH for downstream analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Cavallari
- BIOSS Centre for Biological Signalling Studies, University of Freiburg, Schaenzlestrasse 18, 79104 Freiburg, Germany.
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Schüürmann J, Quehl P, Lindhorst F, Lang K, Jose J. Autodisplay of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase for redox cofactor regeneration at the cell surface. Biotechnol Bioeng 2017; 114:1658-1669. [PMID: 28401536 DOI: 10.1002/bit.26308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2016] [Revised: 03/02/2017] [Accepted: 04/02/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Inherent cofactor regeneration is a pivotal feature of whole cell biocatalysis. For specific biotechnological applications, surface display of enzymes is emerging as a tool to circumvent mass transfer limitations or enzyme stability problems. Even complex reactions can be accomplished applying displayed enzymes. Yet, industrial utilization of the technique is still impeded by lacking cofactor regeneration at the cell surface. Here, we report on the surface display of a glucose-6-phoshate dehydrogenase (G6PDH) via Autodisplay to address this limitation and regenerate NADPH directly at the cell surface. The obtained whole cell biocatalyst demonstrated similar kinetic parameters compared to the purified enzyme, more precisely KM values of 0.2 mM for NADP+ and calculated total turnover numbers of 107 . However, the KM for the substrate G6P increased by a factor of 7 to yield 1.5 mM. The whole cell biocatalyst was cheaper to produce, easy to separate from the reaction mixture and reusable in consecutive reaction cycles. Furthermore, lyophilization allowed storage at room temperature. The whole cell biocatalyst displaying G6PDH was applicable for NADPH regeneration in combination with soluble as well as surface displayed enzymes and model reactions in combination with bacterial CYP102A1 and human CYP1A2 were realized. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 2017;114: 1658-1669. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Schüürmann
- Institut für Pharmazeutische und Medizinische Chemie, PharmaCampus, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 48, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Paul Quehl
- Institut für Pharmazeutische und Medizinische Chemie, PharmaCampus, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 48, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Fabian Lindhorst
- Institut für Pharmazeutische und Medizinische Chemie, PharmaCampus, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 48, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Kristina Lang
- Institut für Pharmazeutische und Medizinische Chemie, PharmaCampus, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 48, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Joachim Jose
- Institut für Pharmazeutische und Medizinische Chemie, PharmaCampus, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 48, 48149 Münster, Germany
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Cao P, Guo D, Liu J, Jiang Q, Xu Z, Qu L. Genome-Wide Analyses Reveal Genes Subject to Positive Selection in Pasteurella multocida. Front Microbiol 2017; 8:961. [PMID: 28611758 PMCID: PMC5447721 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2017.00961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2017] [Accepted: 05/15/2017] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Pasteurella multocida, a Gram-negative opportunistic pathogen, has led to a broad range of diseases in mammals and birds, including fowl cholera in poultry, pneumonia and atrophic rhinitis in swine and rabbit, hemorrhagic septicemia in cattle, and bite infections in humans. In order to better interpret the genetic diversity and adaptation evolution of this pathogen, seven genomes of P. multocida strains isolated from fowls, rabbit and pigs were determined by using high-throughput sequencing approach. Together with publicly available P. multocida genomes, evolutionary features were systematically analyzed in this study. Clustering of 70,565 protein-coding genes showed that the pangenome of 33 P. multocida strains was composed of 1,602 core genes, 1,364 dispensable genes, and 1,070 strain-specific genes. Of these, we identified a full spectrum of genes related to virulence factors and revealed genetic diversity of these potential virulence markers across P. multocida strains, e.g., bcbAB, fcbC, lipA, bexDCA, ctrCD, lgtA, lgtC, lic2A involved in biogenesis of surface polysaccharides, hsf encoding autotransporter adhesin, and fhaB encoding filamentous haemagglutinin. Furthermore, based on genome-wide positive selection scanning, a total of 35 genes were subject to strong selection pressure. Extensive analyses of protein subcellular location indicated that membrane-associated genes were highly abundant among all positively selected genes. The detected amino acid sites undergoing adaptive selection were preferably located in extracellular space, perhaps associated with bacterial evasion of host immune responses. Our findings shed more light on conservation and distribution of virulence-associated genes across P. multocida strains. Meanwhile, this study provides a genetic context for future researches on the mechanism of adaptive evolution in P. multocida.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peili Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesHarbin, China
| | - Dongchun Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesHarbin, China
| | - Jiasen Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesHarbin, China
| | - Qian Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesHarbin, China
| | - Zhuofei Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhan, China
| | - Liandong Qu
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesHarbin, China
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Improving the activity of surface displayed cytochrome P450 enzymes by optimizing the outer membrane linker. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOMEMBRANES 2017; 1859:104-116. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2016.10.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2016] [Revised: 10/17/2016] [Accepted: 10/31/2016] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
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The serine protease autotransporter Tsh contributes to the virulence of Edwardsiella tarda. Vet Microbiol 2016; 189:68-74. [DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2016.04.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2016] [Revised: 04/22/2016] [Accepted: 04/23/2016] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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Sun F, Pang X, Xie T, Zhai Y, Wang G, Sun F. BrkAutoDisplay: functional display of multiple exogenous proteins on the surface of Escherichia coli by using BrkA autotransporter. Microb Cell Fact 2015; 14:129. [PMID: 26337099 PMCID: PMC4558763 DOI: 10.1186/s12934-015-0316-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2015] [Accepted: 08/10/2015] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Bacterial surface display technique enables the exogenous proteins or polypeptides displayed on the bacterial surface, while maintaining their relatively independent spatial structures and biological activities. The technique makes recombinant bacteria possess the expectant functions, subsequently, directly used for many applications. Many proteins could be used to achieve bacterial surface display, among them, autotransporter, a member of the type V secretion system of gram-negative bacteria, has been extensively studied because of its modular structure and apparent simplicity. However, autotransporter has not been widely used at present due to lack of a convenient genetic vector system. With our recently characterized autotransporter BrkA (Bordetella serum-resistance killing protein A) from Bordetella pertussis, we are aiming to develop a new autotransporter-based surface display system for potential wide application. Results Here, we construct a bacterial surface display system named as BrkAutoDisplay, based on the structure of autotransporter BrkA. BrkAutoDisplay is a convenient system to host exogenous genes. In our test, this system is good to efficiently display various proteins on the outer membrane surface of Escherichia coli, including green fluorescent protein (GFP), various enzymes and single chain antibody. Moreover, the displayed GFP possesses green fluorescence, the enzymes CotA, EstPc and PalA exhibit catalytic activity 0.12, 6.88 and 0.32 mU (per 5.2 × 108 living bacteria cells) respectively, and the single chain antibody fragment (scFv) can bind with its antigen strongly. Finally, we showed that C41(DE3) is a good strain of E. coli for the successful functionality of BrkAutoDisplay. Conclusions We designed a new bacterial display system called as BrkAutoDisplay and displayed various exogenous proteins on E. coli surface. Our results indicate that BrkAutoDisplay system is worthy of further study for industrial applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Sun
- National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 15 Datun Road, Beijing, 100101, China. .,University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
| | - Xiaoyun Pang
- National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 15 Datun Road, Beijing, 100101, China.
| | - Tian Xie
- Key Laboratory of Environmental and Applied Microbiology, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, 610041, China. .,University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
| | - Yujia Zhai
- National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 15 Datun Road, Beijing, 100101, China.
| | - Ganggang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental and Applied Microbiology, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, 610041, China.
| | - Fei Sun
- National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 15 Datun Road, Beijing, 100101, China.
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Anand A, LeDoyt M, Karanian C, Luthra A, Koszelak-Rosenblum M, Malkowski MG, Puthenveetil R, Vinogradova O, Radolf JD. Bipartite Topology of Treponema pallidum Repeat Proteins C/D and I: OUTER MEMBRANE INSERTION, TRIMERIZATION, AND PORIN FUNCTION REQUIRE A C-TERMINAL β-BARREL DOMAIN. J Biol Chem 2015; 290:12313-31. [PMID: 25805501 PMCID: PMC4424362 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m114.629188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2014] [Revised: 03/20/2015] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
We previously identified Treponema pallidum repeat proteins TprC/D, TprF, and TprI as candidate outer membrane proteins (OMPs) and subsequently demonstrated that TprC is not only a rare OMP but also forms trimers and has porin activity. We also reported that TprC contains N- and C-terminal domains (TprC(N) and TprC(C)) orthologous to regions in the major outer sheath protein (MOSP(N) and MOSP(C)) of Treponema denticola and that TprC(C) is solely responsible for β-barrel formation, trimerization, and porin function by the full-length protein. Herein, we show that TprI also possesses bipartite architecture, trimeric structure, and porin function and that the MOSP(C)-like domains of native TprC and TprI are surface-exposed in T. pallidum, whereas their MOSP(N)-like domains are tethered within the periplasm. TprF, which does not contain a MOSP(C)-like domain, lacks amphiphilicity and porin activity, adopts an extended inflexible structure, and, in T. pallidum, is tightly bound to the protoplasmic cylinder. By thermal denaturation, the MOSP(N) and MOSP(C)-like domains of TprC and TprI are highly thermostable, endowing the full-length proteins with impressive conformational stability. When expressed in Escherichia coli with PelB signal sequences, TprC and TprI localize to the outer membrane, adopting bipartite topologies, whereas TprF is periplasmic. We propose that the MOSP(N)-like domains enhance the structural integrity of the cell envelope by anchoring the β-barrels within the periplasm. In addition to being bona fide T. pallidum rare outer membrane proteins, TprC/D and TprI represent a new class of dual function, bipartite bacterial OMP.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Michael G Malkowski
- the Hauptman-Woodward Medical Research Institute and Department of Structural Biology, State University of New York, Buffalo, New York 14203, and
| | | | - Olga Vinogradova
- Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269
| | - Justin D Radolf
- From the Departments of Medicine, Pediatrics, Molecular Biology and Biophysics, Genetics and Genomic Science, and Immunology, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, Connecticut 06030,
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Smith MR, Khera E, Wen F. Engineering Novel and Improved Biocatalysts by Cell Surface Display. Ind Eng Chem Res 2015; 54:4021-4032. [PMID: 29056821 PMCID: PMC5647830 DOI: 10.1021/ie504071f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Biocatalysts, especially enzymes, have the ability to catalyze reactions with high product selectivity, utilize a broad range of substrates, and maintain activity at low temperature and pressure. Therefore, they represent a renewable, environmentally friendly alternative to conventional catalysts. Most current industrial-scale chemical production processes using biocatalysts employ soluble enzymes or whole cells expressing intracellular enzymes. Cell surface display systems differ by presenting heterologous enzymes extracellularly, overcoming some of the limitations associated with enzyme purification and substrate transport. Additionally, coupled with directed evolution, cell surface display is a powerful platform for engineering enzymes with enhanced properties. In this review, we will introduce the molecular and cellular principles of cell surface display and discuss how it has been applied to engineer enzymes with improved properties as well as to develop surface-engineered microbes as whole-cell biocatalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mason R. Smith
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Eshita Khera
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Fei Wen
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
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Schüürmann J, Quehl P, Festel G, Jose J. Bacterial whole-cell biocatalysts by surface display of enzymes: toward industrial application. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2014; 98:8031-46. [DOI: 10.1007/s00253-014-5897-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2014] [Revised: 06/10/2014] [Accepted: 06/11/2014] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Muñoz-Gutiérrez I, Moss-Acosta C, Trujillo-Martinez B, Gosset G, Martinez A. Ag43-mediated display of a thermostable β-glucosidase in Escherichia coli and its use for simultaneous saccharification and fermentation at high temperatures. Microb Cell Fact 2014; 13:106. [PMID: 25078445 PMCID: PMC4347601 DOI: 10.1186/s12934-014-0106-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2014] [Accepted: 07/14/2014] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The autotransporter (AT) system can potentially be used in the secretion of saccharolytic enzymes for the production of lignocellulosic biofuels and chemicals using Escherichia coli. Although ATs share similar structural characteristics, their capacity for secreting heterologous proteins widely varies. Additionally, the saccharolytic enzyme selected to be secreted should match the cell growth or cell fermentation conditions of E. coli. Results In the search for an AT that suits the physiological performance of the homo-ethanologenic E. coli strain MS04, an expression plasmid based on the AT antigen 43 (Ag43) from E. coli was developed. The β-glucosidase BglC from the thermophile bacterium Thermobifida fusca was displayed on the outer membrane of the E. coli strain MS04 using the Ag43 system (MS04/pAg43BglC). This strain was used to hydrolyze and ferment 40 g/L of cellobiose in mineral media to produce 16.65 g/L of ethanol in 48 h at a yield of 81% of the theoretical maximum. Knowing that BglC shows its highest activity at 50°C and retains more than 70% of its activity at pH 6, therefore E. coli MS04/pAg43BglC was used to ferment crystalline cellulose (Avicel) in a simultaneous saccharification and fermentation (SSF) process using a commercial cocktail of cellulases (endo and exo) at pH 6 and at a relatively high temperature for E. coli (45°C). As much as 22 g/L of ethanol was produced in 48 h. Conclusions The Ag43-BglC system can be used in E. coli strains without commercial β-glucosidases, reducing the quantities of commercial enzymes needed for the SSF process. Furthermore, the present work shows that E. coli cells are able to ferment sugars at 45°C during the SSF process using 40 g/L of Avicel, reducing the gap between the working conditions of the commercial saccharolytic enzymes and ethanologenic E. coli.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iván Muñoz-Gutiérrez
- Departamento de Ingeniería Celular y Biocatálisis, Instituto de Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, A. P. 510-3, 62250, Cuernavaca, Mor, México. .,Present address: Department of Molecular Microbiology and Biotechnology, George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.
| | - Cessna Moss-Acosta
- Departamento de Ingeniería Celular y Biocatálisis, Instituto de Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, A. P. 510-3, 62250, Cuernavaca, Mor, México.
| | - Berenice Trujillo-Martinez
- Departamento de Ingeniería Celular y Biocatálisis, Instituto de Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, A. P. 510-3, 62250, Cuernavaca, Mor, México.
| | - Guillermo Gosset
- Departamento de Ingeniería Celular y Biocatálisis, Instituto de Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, A. P. 510-3, 62250, Cuernavaca, Mor, México.
| | - Alfredo Martinez
- Departamento de Ingeniería Celular y Biocatálisis, Instituto de Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, A. P. 510-3, 62250, Cuernavaca, Mor, México.
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