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Singh S, Patil VM, Paliwal SK, Masand N. Nanotechnology-based Drug Delivery of Topical Antifungal Agents. Pharm Nanotechnol 2024; 12:185-196. [PMID: 37594096 DOI: 10.2174/2211738511666230818125031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Revised: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 08/19/2023]
Abstract
Among the various prominent fungal infections, superficial ones are widespread. A large number of antifungal agents and their formulations for topical use are commercially available. They have some pharmacokinetic limitations which cannot be retracted by conventional delivery systems. While nanoformulations composed of lipidic and polymeric nanoparticles have the potential to overcome the limitations of conventional systems. The broad spectrum category of antifungals i.e. azoles (ketoconazole, voriconazole, econazole, miconazole, etc.) nanoparticles have been designed, prepared and their pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic profile was established. This review briefly elaborates on the types of nano-based topical drug delivery systems and portrays their advantages for researchers in the related field to benefit the available antifungal therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumita Singh
- Department of Pharmacy, Banasthali Vidyapith, Tonk, Rajasthan, India
- Swami Vivekanand Subharti University, Meerut, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Vaishali M Patil
- Charak School of Pharmacy, Chaudhary Charan Singh (CCS) University, Meerut, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | | | - Neeraj Masand
- Department of Pharmacy, Lala Lajpat Rai Memorial Medical College, Meerut, Uttar Pradesh, India
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2
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Padaraju A, Dwivedi F, Kumar G. Microemulsions, nanoemulsions and emulgels as carriers for antifungal antibiotics. Ther Deliv 2023; 14:721-740. [PMID: 38014430 DOI: 10.4155/tde-2023-0076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2023] Open
Abstract
According to estimates, up to 25% of the world's population has fungal skin diseases, making them the most prevalent infectious disease. Several chemical classes of antifungal drugs are available to treat fungal infections. However, the major challenges of conventional formulations of antifungal drugs include poor pharmacokinetic profiles like solubility, low permeability, side effects and decreased efficacy. Novel drug delivery is a promising approach for overcoming pharmacokinetic limitations and increasing the effectiveness of antibiotics. In this review, we have shed light on microemulsions, nanoemulsions, and emulgels as novel drug delivery approaches for the topical delivery of antifungal antibiotics. We believe these formulations have potential translational value and could be developed for treating fungal infections in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annapurna Padaraju
- Department of Natural Products, Chemical Sciences, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education & Research-Hyderabad, Hyderabad, Balanagar, 500037, India
| | - Falguni Dwivedi
- Department of Natural Products, Chemical Sciences, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education & Research-Hyderabad, Hyderabad, Balanagar, 500037, India
| | - Gautam Kumar
- Department of Natural Products, Chemical Sciences, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education & Research-Hyderabad, Hyderabad, Balanagar, 500037, India
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3
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Qiao Y, Wang X, Ren H, Cui Y, Ren J, Hao C, Zhao Z, Liu J, Zhao R, Li Y, Tian Q, Qiu L. A study on the preparation conditions of lidocaine microemulsion based on multi-objective genetic algorithm. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1272454. [PMID: 37841920 PMCID: PMC10576434 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1272454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Topical lidocaine microemulsion preparations with low toxicity, low irritation, strong transdermal capability and convenient administration are urgently needed. Methods: Box-Behnken design was performed for three preparation conditions of 5% lidocaine microemulsions: mass ratio of the mass ratio of surfactant/(oil phase + surfactant) (X1), the mass ratio of olive oil/(α-linolenic acid + linoleic acid) (X2) and the water content W% (X3). Then, five multi-objective genetic algorithms were used to optimize the three evaluation indices to optimize the effects of lidocaine microemulsion preparations. Finally, the ideal optimization scheme was experimentally verified. Results: Non-dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm-II was used for 30 random searches. Among these, Scheme 2: X1 = 0.75, X2 = 0.35, X3 = 75%, which resulted in Y1 = 0.17 μg/(cm2·s) and Y2 = 0.74 mg/cm2; and the Scheme 19: X1 = 0.68, X2 = 1.42, X3 = 75% which resulted in Y1 = 0.14 μg/(cm2·s) and Y2 = 0.80 mg/cm2, provided the best matches for the objective function requirements. The maximum and average fitness of the method have reached stability after 3 generations of evolution. Experimental verification of the above two schemes showed that there were no statistically significant differences between the measured values of Y1 and Y2 and the predicted values obtained by optimization (p > 0.05) and are close to the target value. Conclusion: Two lidocaine microemulsion preparation protocols were proposed in this study. These preparations resulted in good transdermal performance or long anesthesia duration, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuchao Qiao
- Department of Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Xuchun Wang
- Department of Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Hao Ren
- Department of Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Yu Cui
- Department of Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Jiahui Ren
- Department of Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Chongqi Hao
- Department of Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Zhiyang Zhao
- Department of Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Jing Liu
- Department of Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Ruiqing Zhao
- Department of Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Yiting Li
- Department of Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Qingping Tian
- School of Pharmacy, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Lixia Qiu
- Department of Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
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4
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Keshwania P, Kaur N, Chauhan J, Sharma G, Afzal O, Alfawaz Altamimi AS, Almalki WH. Superficial Dermatophytosis across the World's Populations: Potential Benefits from Nanocarrier-Based Therapies and Rising Challenges. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:31575-31599. [PMID: 37692246 PMCID: PMC10483660 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c01988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023]
Abstract
The most prevalent infection in the world is dermatophytosis, which is a major issue with high recurrence and can affect the entire body including the skin, hair, and nails. The major goal of this Review is to acquire knowledge about cutting-edge approaches for treating dermatophytosis efficiently by adding antifungals to formulations based on nanocarriers in order to overcome the shortcomings of standard treatment methods. Updates on nanosystems and research developments on animal and clinical investigations are also presented. Along with the currently licensed formulations, the investigation also emphasizes novel therapies and existing therapeutic alternatives that can be used to control dermatophytosis. The Review also summarizes recent developments on the prevalence, management approaches, and disadvantages of standard dosage types. There are a number of therapeutic strategies for the treatment of dermatophytosis that have good clinical cure rates but also drawbacks such as antifungal drug resistance and unfavorable side effects. To improve therapeutic activity and get around the drawbacks of the traditional therapy approaches for dermatophytosis, efforts have been described in recent years to combine several antifungal drugs into new carriers. These formulations have been successful in providing improved antifungal activity, longer drug retention, improved effectiveness, higher skin penetration, and sustained drug release.
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Affiliation(s)
- Puja Keshwania
- Department
of Microbiology, Maharishi Markandeshwar
Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, Mullana, Ambala, Haryana 133207, India
| | - Narinder Kaur
- Department
of Microbiology, Maharishi Markandeshwar
Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, Mullana, Ambala, Haryana 133207, India
| | - Jyoti Chauhan
- Department
of Microbiology, Maharishi Markandeshwar
Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, Mullana, Ambala, Haryana 133207, India
| | - Gajanand Sharma
- University
Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, UGC-Centre of Advanced Studies, Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - Obaid Afzal
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Alkharj 11942, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Waleed H. Almalki
- Department
of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 21961, Saudi Arabia
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5
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Goldmünz E, Aserin A, Garti N. The Effect of the Structural Transition within a Direct Hexagonal (HI) Mesophase on the Internal Lipid Mobility. J Mol Liq 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2022.120742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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6
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Fathi M, Sodeifian G, Sajadian SA. Experimental study of ketoconazole impregnation into polyvinyl pyrrolidone and hydroxyl propyl methyl cellulose using supercritical carbon dioxide: Process optimization. J Supercrit Fluids 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.supflu.2022.105674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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7
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Gul U, Khan MI, Madni A, Sohail MF, Rehman M, Rasul A, Peltonen L. Olive oil and clove oil-based nanoemulsion for topical delivery of terbinafine hydrochloride: in vitro and ex vivo evaluation. Drug Deliv 2022; 29:600-612. [PMID: 35174738 PMCID: PMC8856056 DOI: 10.1080/10717544.2022.2039805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
In this article, formulation studies for terbinafine hydrochloride nanoemulsions, prepared by high-energy ultrasonication technique, are described. Pseudo-ternary phase diagram was constructed in order to find out the optimal ratios of oil and surfactant/co-solvent mixture for nanoemulsion production. Clove and olive oils were selected as oil phase. Based on the droplet size evaluation, maximum nanoemulsion region were determined for formulation development. Further characterization included polydispersity index (PDI), zeta potential, Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, morphology, pH, viscosity, refractive index, ex vivo skin permeation, skin irritation, and histopathological examination. Droplet sizes of optimized formulations were in colloidal range. PDI values below 0.35 indicated considerably homogeneous nanoemulsions. Zeta potential values were from 13.2 to 18.1 mV indicating good stability, which was also confirmed by dispersion stability studies. Ex vivo permeation studies revealed almost total skin permeation of terbinafine hydrochloride from the nanoemulsions (96–98%) in 6 hours whereas commercial product reached only 57% permeation at the same time. Maximum drug amounts were seen in epidermis and dermis layers. Skin irritation and histopathological examination demonstrated dermatologically safe formulations. In conclusion, olive oil and clove oil-based nanoemulsion systems have potential to serve as promising carriers for topical terbinafine hydrochloride delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Uzma Gul
- Riphah Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (RIPS), Riphah International University, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Imran Khan
- Riphah Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (RIPS), Riphah International University, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Asadullah Madni
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Farhan Sohail
- Riphah Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (RIPS), Riphah International University, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Mubashar Rehman
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Akhtar Rasul
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Leena Peltonen
- Drug Research Program, Division of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
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8
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Nanoemulsion of cashew gum and clove essential oil (Ocimum gratissimum Linn) potentiating antioxidant and antimicrobial activity. Int J Biol Macromol 2021; 193:100-108. [PMID: 34627848 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.09.195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2021] [Revised: 09/27/2021] [Accepted: 09/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
In this study, nanoemulsions of essential oil from Ocimumgratissimum (Linn) (EO) were produced using low and high energy techniques using cashew gum (CG) as a co-surfactant. The main constituents of the EO were determined by Gas Chromatography coupled with Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS), and their presence in the EO and in the formulations verified by Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) and UV-visible spectrophotometry was observed the encapsulation efficiency (EE%), with colloidal stability. Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) was used to study cashew gum. Dynamic light scattering analysis (DLS) determined the nanoemulsion Z means, polydispersity index and the Zeta potential value, nanoparticle tracking analysis (NTA) were determined. The nanostructured EO showed better antibacterial action against the pathogenic gastroenteritis species Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli and Salmonella enterica when compared to free EO. Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) was used for morphological analysis of the nanoparticle and study of the action of the nanoemulsion through images of the cellular morphology of S. enterica. The antioxidant activity was evaluated against the ABTS radical (2,2'-azino-bis diazonium salt (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid)). The encapsulation of EO in a nanostructured system improved its antibacterial and antioxidant activity, the low energy synthesis showed greater storage stability, remaining stable for 37 days.
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9
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Stefanov SR, Andonova VY. Lipid Nanoparticulate Drug Delivery Systems: Recent Advances in the Treatment of Skin Disorders. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2021; 14:1083. [PMID: 34832865 PMCID: PMC8619682 DOI: 10.3390/ph14111083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2021] [Revised: 10/19/2021] [Accepted: 10/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The multifunctional role of the human skin is well known. It acts as a sensory and immune organ that protects the human body from harmful environmental impacts such as chemical, mechanical, and physical threats, reduces UV radiation effects, prevents moisture loss, and helps thermoregulation. In this regard, skin disorders related to skin integrity require adequate treatment. Lipid nanoparticles (LN) are recognized as promising drug delivery systems (DDS) in treating skin disorders. Solid lipid nanoparticles (SLN) together with nanostructured lipid carriers (NLC) exhibit excellent tolerability as these are produced from physiological and biodegradable lipids. Moreover, LN applied to the skin can improve stability, drug targeting, occlusion, penetration enhancement, and increased skin hydration compared with other drug nanocarriers. Furthermore, the features of LN can be enhanced by inclusion in suitable bases such as creams, ointments, gels (i.e., hydrogel, emulgel, bigel), lotions, etc. This review focuses on recent developments in lipid nanoparticle systems and their application to treating skin diseases. We point out and consider the reasons for their creation, pay attention to their advantages and disadvantages, list the main production techniques for obtaining them, and examine the place assigned to them in solving the problems caused by skin disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan R. Stefanov
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technologies, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Varna, 9002 Varna, Bulgaria;
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10
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Dey KK, Deshmukh MM, Ghosh M. A Description of the Local Structure and Dynamics of Ketoconazole Molecule by Solid‐State NMR Measurements and DFT Calculations: Proposition for NMR Crystallography. ChemistrySelect 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202102622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Krishna Kishor Dey
- Department of Physics Dr. Harisingh Gour Central University Sagar 470003, Madhya-Pradesh India
| | - Milind M. Deshmukh
- Department of Chemistry Dr. Harisingh Gour Central University Sagar 470003, Madhya-Pradesh India
| | - Manasi Ghosh
- Physics Section MMV Banaras Hindu University Varanasi 221005, Uttar-Pradesh India
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11
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Jouyban-Gharamaleki V, Jouyban A, Zhao H, Martinez F, Rahimpour E. Solubility study of ketoconazole in propylene glycol and ethanol mixtures at different temperatures: A laser monitoring method. J Mol Liq 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2021.116060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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12
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13
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Solubility study of ketoconazole in the mixtures of N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone and ethanol at different temperatures. J Mol Liq 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2021.115287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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14
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Wu X, Yu Q, Wu J, Li T, Ding N, Wu W, Lu Y, Zhu Q, Chen Z, Qi J. Ionic liquids containing ketoconazole improving topical treatment of T. Interdigitale infection by synergistic action. Int J Pharm 2020; 589:119842. [PMID: 32890655 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2020.119842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2020] [Revised: 08/18/2020] [Accepted: 08/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to exert the synergistic action of ketoconazole (KCZ) and ionic liquids (ILs) for improving antifungal effect. Various ILs were engineered and demonstrated different solubilization capacity for KCZ. Among them, the IL formed by choline and geranic acid ([Ch][Ger]) was the optimal one and able to imporve the solubility of KCZ by around 100-fold. The in vitro antifungal test revealed the [Ch][Ger] significantly inhibited the activity of T. Interdigitale and exerted the synergistic action with KCZ. Compared to Daktarin®, the [Ch][Ger] not only promoted KCZ to penetrate into deep skin layer but also improved in vivo anti-T. Interdigitale activity significantly. Besides, the [Ch][Ger] was able to strip the skin of the lesion site in a flaky manner to remove fungi more thoroughly. However, the skin can recover to be normal state after treatment and there was no evident skin irritation found in [Ch][Ger] group. The ILs may offer promising opportunities to deliver anti-fungal drugs to treat inner skin fungal infections by synergistic action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiying Wu
- Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200443, China; Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery of MOE, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Qin Yu
- Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200443, China
| | - Jing Wu
- School of Pharmacy, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Tian Li
- School of Pharmacy, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Ning Ding
- Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery of MOE, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Wei Wu
- Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200443, China; Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery of MOE, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Yi Lu
- Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200443, China; Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery of MOE, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Quangang Zhu
- Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200443, China
| | - Zhongjian Chen
- Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200443, China
| | - Jianping Qi
- Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200443, China; Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery of MOE, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai 201203, China.
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15
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Garg A, Sharma GS, Goyal AK, Ghosh G, Si SC, Rath G. Recent advances in topical carriers of anti-fungal agents. Heliyon 2020; 6:e04663. [PMID: 32904164 PMCID: PMC7452444 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e04663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2019] [Revised: 11/22/2019] [Accepted: 08/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Fungal skin infections are the most common global issue for skin health. Fungal infections are often treated by topical or systemic anti-fungal therapy. Topical fungal therapy is usually preferred because of their targeted therapy and fewer side effects. Advanced topical carriers because of their distinct structural and functional features, overcome biopharmaceutical challenges associated with conventional drug delivery systems like poor retention and low bioavailability. Literature evidence indicated topical nanocarriers loaded with anti-fungal agents display superior therapeutic response with minimum toxicity. Nanocarriers often used for topical anti-fungal medication includes Solid-Lipid nanoparticles, Microemulsions, Liposomes, Niosomes, Microsponge, Nanogel, Nanoemulsion, Micelles etc. This review summarizes recent advances in novel strategies employed in topical carriers to improve the therapeutic performance of anti-fungal drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhinava Garg
- Department of Pharmaceutics, I.S.F.College of Pharmacy, Moga, Punjab, India
| | - Ganti S. Sharma
- Department of Pharmaceutics, I.S.F.College of Pharmacy, Moga, Punjab, India
| | - Amit K. Goyal
- School of Chemical Sciences and. Pharmacy, Central University of Rajasthan, India
| | - Goutam Ghosh
- Siksha ‘O’ Anusandhan (Deemed to be University), Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Sudam Chandra Si
- Siksha ‘O’ Anusandhan (Deemed to be University), Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Goutam Rath
- Siksha ‘O’ Anusandhan (Deemed to be University), Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
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17
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Viswanathan K, Vaiyamalai R, Bharathi Babu D, Mala Priyadharshini ML, Raman M, Dhinakarraj G. Ketoconazole-conjugated ZnO nanoparticles based semi-solid formulation and study their impacts on skin disease. IET Nanobiotechnol 2019; 12:1097-1101. [PMID: 30964020 DOI: 10.1049/iet-nbt.2018.5119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, the ketoconazole-conjugated zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles were prepared in a single-step approach using dextrose as an intermediate compound. The physical parameters confirmed the drug conjugation with ZnO and their size was around 70-75 nm. The drug loading and in vivo drug release studies indicated that the -CHO group from the dextrose increase the drug loading up to 65% and their release kinetics were also studied. The anti-fungal studies indicated that the prepared nanoparticles exhibit strong anti-fungal activity and the minimum concentration needed is 10 mg/ml. The nanoparticles loaded semi-solid gel was prepared using carbopol, methylparaben, propyl paraben and propylene glycol. The in vitro penetration of the ketoconazole-conjugated nanoparticles was studied using the skin. The results indicated that the semi-solid gel preparations influenced the penetration and also favoured the accumulation into the skin membrane. The veterinary clinical studies indicated that the prepared gel is highly suitable for treatment of Malassezia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaliyaperumal Viswanathan
- Translational Research Platform for Veterinary Biologicals, Centre for Animal Health Studies (CAHS), Tamil Nadu Veterinary and Animal Sciences University (TANUVAS), Chennai 600 051, India
| | - Rajasekar Vaiyamalai
- Translational Research Platform for Veterinary Biologicals, Centre for Animal Health Studies (CAHS), Tamil Nadu Veterinary and Animal Sciences University (TANUVAS), Chennai 600 051, India
| | - Diviya Bharathi Babu
- Translational Research Platform for Veterinary Biologicals, Centre for Animal Health Studies (CAHS), Tamil Nadu Veterinary and Animal Sciences University (TANUVAS), Chennai 600 051, India
| | - Murugaiyan Latha Mala Priyadharshini
- Vaccine Research Centre-Bacterial Vaccine (VRC-BV), Centre for Animal Health Studies (CAHS), Tamil Nadu Veterinary and Animal Sciences University (TANUVAS), Chennai 600 051, India
| | - Muthusamy Raman
- Translational Research Platform for Veterinary Biologicals, Centre for Animal Health Studies (CAHS), Tamil Nadu Veterinary and Animal Sciences University (TANUVAS), Chennai 600 051, India
| | - Gopal Dhinakarraj
- Translational Research Platform for Veterinary Biologicals, Centre for Animal Health Studies (CAHS), Tamil Nadu Veterinary and Animal Sciences University (TANUVAS), Chennai 600 051, India.
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18
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Choi FD, Juhasz MLW, Atanaskova Mesinkovska N. Topical ketoconazole: a systematic review of current dermatological applications and future developments. J DERMATOL TREAT 2019; 30:760-771. [PMID: 30668185 DOI: 10.1080/09546634.2019.1573309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Introduction: Although labeling changes and market withdrawal have been implemented for oral ketoconazole (KTZ) due to serious adverse effects (AEs), topical KTZ is generally thought to be effective and safe for the treatment of superficial fungal infections. New dermatologic indications for the use of topical KTZ have arisen such as onychomycosis, blepharitis, and hair loss. This article aims to review the literature on topical KTZ's efficacy and AEs, as well as provide an overview on current insights regarding its mechanism of action and upcoming developments. Methods: A PubMed search was done to include randomized controlled trials (RCTs) focusing on the use of topical KTZ in human subjects. Results: Forty studies with 4566 patients were included in this review. Topical KTZ is clinically effective for the treatment of Malassezia-related conditions such as seborrheic dermatitis (SD) and pityriasis versicolor (PV) with a reported efficacy of 63-90% and 71-89%, respectively. Conclusions: Topical KTZ demonstrates high clinical efficacy for Malassezia-related conditions. More efficacious alternatives are now available for Tinea and Candida. Although topical KTZ is safe, clinicians should be aware that allergic contact dermatitis may occur. Further studies should be completed to investigate the use of topical KTZ for hair loss and inflammatory dermatoses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Franchesca D Choi
- Department of Dermatology, University of California , Irvine , CA, USA.,College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University , Kaohsiung , Taiwan
| | - Margit L W Juhasz
- Department of Dermatology, University of California , Irvine , CA, USA
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19
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Recent advances in delivery of antifungal agents for therapeutic management of candidiasis. Biomed Pharmacother 2017; 96:1478-1490. [PMID: 29223551 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2017.11.127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2017] [Revised: 11/17/2017] [Accepted: 11/27/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Candidiasis is a fungal infection caused by yeasts that belong to the genus Candida. There are over twenty species of Candida yeasts that can cause infection in humans, the most common of which is Candida albicans. Candida yeasts normally reside in the intestinal tract and can be found on mucous membranes and skin without causing infection; however, overgrowth of these organisms can cause symptoms to develop. Presence of other diseases that compromises the patient's immunity makes it more difficult to treat. Candidiasis is majorly divided into superficial infections (oral or vaginal) and systemic infections, also known as invasive candidiasis. The conventional therapeutic modalities used to treat candidiasis are associated with several side effects that limits the dose and dosing frequency. Development of novel drug delivery systems for reduction in dose and alleviation of side effects is an important strategy to improve the clinical efficacy and patient acceptability. This review gives a bird's eye view of the classification and current therapeutic regime of candidiasis. It presents the varied types of drug delivery systems that have been exploited for delivery of antifungal agents with measurable benefits. It also touches upon echinocandins a relatively new class of drugs that are amenable for translation into novel dosage forms with application against biofilm producing and fluconazole resistant strains contributing to a better therapeutic management of candidiasis.
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Mandlik SK, Siras SS, Birajdar KR. Optimization and characterization of sertaconazole nitrate flexisomes embedded in hydrogel for improved antifungal activity. J Liposome Res 2017; 29:10-20. [DOI: 10.1080/08982104.2017.1402926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Satish K. Mandlik
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Sinhgad College of Pharmacy, Vadgaon (Bk), Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - Shridhar S. Siras
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Sinhgad College of Pharmacy, Vadgaon (Bk), Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - Kiran R. Birajdar
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Sinhgad College of Pharmacy, Vadgaon (Bk), Pune, Maharashtra, India
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Mathur M, Devi VK. Potential of novel drug delivery systems in the management of topical candidiasis. J Drug Target 2017; 25:685-703. [DOI: 10.1080/1061186x.2017.1331352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mahima Mathur
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Al-Ameen College of Pharmacy, Bangalore, India
| | - V. Kusum Devi
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Al-Ameen College of Pharmacy, Bangalore, India
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Bhosale R, Bhandwalkar O, Duduskar A, Jadhav R, Pawar P. Water Soluble Chitosan Mediated Voriconazole Microemulsion as Sustained Carrier for Ophthalmic Application: In vitro/Ex vivo/In vivo Evaluations. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.2174/1874844901603010215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Background:
Voriconazole (VCZ) is a lipophilic candidate, effective against fungal infections like ocular keratitis and endopthalmitis.
Objective:
The purpose to develop, optimize and characterize voriconazole microemulsion as sustained medication for ophthalmic application.
Methods:
The pseudo-ternary phase diagrams were developed using oleic acid, isopropyl myristate and isopropyl palmitate (oil phases), tween 80 (surfactant), propylene glycol (co-surfactant), distilled water (aqueous phase) and modified chitosan (Mod.CH) as mucoadhesive polymer. The optimum composition of oil, Smix and water was selected on the basis of phase diagrams and as mucoadhesive polymer Mod.CH was used in the formulations. All the formulations were evaluated for thermodynamic stability/dispersibility, physicochemical parameters (droplet size, polydispersity index, zeta potential, drug content, viscosity, pH and conductivity), in vitro, ex vivo and in vivo studies.
Results:
All formulations showed droplet size below 250 nm, positive zeta potential and polydispersity index below 0.5. The in vitro drug release study performed on selected formulations showed maximum sustained release than marketed formulation. The in vitro transcorneal permeation experiment of formulations suggests that optimized formulations showed better permeation. The selected formulation of voriconazole microemulsion was able to produce maximum antifungal activity against Candida albicans when compared to marketed formulation. In vivo study performed on rabbit eyes, found more drug concentration in aqueous humor of optimized formulation; the AUC0→t of IPMVM-11 was approximately 6.84-fold higher than VOZOLE and efficiently enhanced the corneal bioavailability.
Conclusion:
The modified chitosan based on voriconazole loaded microemulsion was promising novel carrier for sustained action in ophthalmic medication.
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Deng P, Teng F, Zhou F, Song Z, Meng N, Feng R. Methoxy poly (ethylene glycol)-b-poly (δ-valerolactone) copolymeric micelles for improved skin delivery of ketoconazole. JOURNAL OF BIOMATERIALS SCIENCE-POLYMER EDITION 2016; 28:63-78. [PMID: 27691601 DOI: 10.1080/09205063.2016.1244371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Ketoconazole is a broad spectrum imidazole antifungal drug. For the treatment of superficial fungal infections with ketoconazole, it needs to be permeated to deep skin layers. In order to develop topical formulation of ketoconazole for improving its skin deposition and water-solubility, ketoconazole-loaded methoxy poly (ethylene glycol)-b-poly (δ-valerolactone) micelles were developed through thin-film hydration method. Particle size, drug loading capacity, infrared spectrum and X-ray diffraction of drug-loaded micelles were characterized. The optimal drug formulation was selected for skin delivery and deposition investigation performed by use of mice skin, and its in vitro release and antifungal activity were also investigated. Penetration and distribution in the skin were also visualized using fluorescein-loaded micelles and fluorescence microscopy. The drug-loaded micelles were obtained with encapsulation efficiency of 86.39% and particle diameter of about 12 nm. The micelles made ketoconazole aqueous solubility increase to 86-fold higher than crude one. Ketoconazole-loaded micelles showed no skin permeation of ketoconazole, obviously enhance skin deposition and demonstrated similar antifungal activity as compared with marketed ketoconazole cream. Fluorescein-loaded micelles displayed higher skin deposition than fluorescein water solution. These results demonstrate that the MPEG-PVL micelle is a potential delivery system for ketoconazole in the field of skin delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peizong Deng
- a School of Biological Science and Technology , University of Jinan , Jinan , PR China
| | - Fangfang Teng
- b School of Medicine and Life Sciences , University of Jinan-Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences , Jinan , PR China.,c Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences , Jinan , PR China
| | - Feilong Zhou
- a School of Biological Science and Technology , University of Jinan , Jinan , PR China
| | - Zhimei Song
- a School of Biological Science and Technology , University of Jinan , Jinan , PR China
| | - Ning Meng
- a School of Biological Science and Technology , University of Jinan , Jinan , PR China
| | - Runliang Feng
- a School of Biological Science and Technology , University of Jinan , Jinan , PR China
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Singh R, Nadhe S, Wadhwani S, Shedbalkar U, Chopade BA. Nanoparticles for Control of Biofilms of Acinetobacter Species. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2016; 9:E383. [PMID: 28773507 PMCID: PMC5503024 DOI: 10.3390/ma9050383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2016] [Revised: 05/09/2016] [Accepted: 05/10/2016] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Biofilms are the cause of 80% of microbial infections. Acinetobacter species have emerged as multi- and pan-drug-resistant bacteria and pose a great threat to human health. These act as nosocomial pathogens and form excellent biofilms, both on biotic and abiotic surfaces, leading to severe infections and diseases. Various methods have been developed for treatment and control of Acinetobacter biofilm including photodynamic therapy, radioimmunotherapy, prophylactic vaccines and antimicrobial peptides. Nanotechnology, in the present scenario, offers a promising alternative. Nanomaterials possess unique properties, and multiple bactericidal mechanisms render them more effective than conventional drugs. This review intends to provide an overview of Acinetobacter biofilm and the significant role of various nanoparticles as anti-biofouling agents, surface-coating materials and drug-delivery vehicles for biofilm control and treatment of Acinetobacter infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richa Singh
- Department of Microbiology, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune 411007, India.
| | - Shradhda Nadhe
- Department of Microbiology, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune 411007, India.
| | - Sweety Wadhwani
- Department of Microbiology, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune 411007, India.
| | | | - Balu Ananda Chopade
- Department of Microbiology, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune 411007, India.
- Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar Marathwada University, Aurangabad 431004, India.
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Patel MR, Patel RB, Parikh JR, Patel BG. Formulation consideration and skin retention study of microemulsion containing tazarotene for targeted therapy of acne. JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL INVESTIGATION 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s40005-015-0213-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Hamed R, Basil M, AlBaraghthi T, Sunoqrot S, Tarawneh O. Nanoemulsion-based gel formulation of diclofenac diethylamine: design, optimization, rheological behavior and in vitro diffusion studies. Pharm Dev Technol 2015; 21:980-989. [PMID: 26369621 DOI: 10.3109/10837450.2015.1086372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Chronic oral administration of the non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug, diclofenac diethylamine (DDEA), is often associated with gastrointestinal ulcers and bleeding. As an alternative to oral administration, a nanoemulsion-based gel (NE gel) formulation of DDEA was developed for topical administration. An optimized formulation for the o/w nanoemulsion of oil, surfactant and cosurfactant was selected based on nanoemulsion mean droplet size, clarity, stability, and flowability, and incorporated into the gelling agent Carbopol® 971P. Rheological studies of the DDEA NE gel were conducted and compared to those of conventional DDEA gel and emulgel. The three gels exhibited an elastic behavior, where G' dominated G″ at all frequencies, indicating the formation of strong gels. NE gel exhibited higher G' values than conventional gel and emulgel, which indicated the formation of a stronger gel network. Strat-M® membrane, a synthetic membrane with diffusion characteristics that are well correlated to human skin, was used for the in vitro diffusion studies. The release of DDEA from conventional gel, emulgel and NE gel showed a controlled release pattern over 12 h, which was consistent with the rheological properties of the gels. DDEA release kinetics from the three gels followed super case II transport as fitted by Korsmeyer-Peppas model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rania Hamed
- a Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy , Al-Zaytoonah University of Jordan , Amman , Jordan
| | - Marwa Basil
- a Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy , Al-Zaytoonah University of Jordan , Amman , Jordan
| | - Tamadur AlBaraghthi
- a Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy , Al-Zaytoonah University of Jordan , Amman , Jordan
| | - Suhair Sunoqrot
- a Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy , Al-Zaytoonah University of Jordan , Amman , Jordan
| | - Ola Tarawneh
- a Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy , Al-Zaytoonah University of Jordan , Amman , Jordan
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Patel MR, Patel RB, Parikh JR, Patel BG. Novel microemulsion-based gel formulation of tazarotene for therapy of acne. Pharm Dev Technol 2015; 21:921-932. [PMID: 26334480 DOI: 10.3109/10837450.2015.1081610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to develop and evaluate a novel microemulsion based gel formulation containing tazarotene for targeted topical therapy of acne. Psudoternary phase diagrams were constructed to obtain the concentration range of oil, surfactant, and co-surfactant for microemulsion formation. The optimized microemulsion formulation containing 0.05% tazarotene was formulated by spontaneous microemulsification method consisting of 10% Labrafac CC, mixed emulsifiers 15% Labrasol-Cremophor-RH 40 (1:1), 15% Capmul MCM, and 60% distilled water (w/w) as an external phase. All plain and tazarotene-loaded microemulsions were clear and showed physicochemical parameters for desired topical delivery and stability. The permeation profiles of tazarotene through rat skin from optimized microemulsion formulation followed the Higuchi model for controlled permeation. Microemulsion-based gel was prepared by incorporating Carbopol®971P NF in optimized microemulsion formulation having suitable skin permeation rate and skin uptake. Microemulsion-based gel showed desired physicochemical parameters and demonstrated advantage over marketed formulation in improving the skin tolerability of tazarotene indicating its potential in improving its topical delivery. The developed microemulsion-based gel may be a potential drug delivery vehicle for targeted topical delivery of tazarotene in the treatment of acne.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mrunali Rashmin Patel
- a Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology , Indukaka Ipcowala College of Pharmacy , New Vallabh Vidyanagar , Gujarat , India
| | | | - Jolly R Parikh
- c Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology , A.R. College of Pharmacy and G. H. Patel Institute of Pharmacy , Vallabh Vidyanagar , Gujarat , India , and
| | - Bharat G Patel
- d Department of Pharmacology , Charotar University of Science and Technology , Changa , Gujarat , India
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Nasr M, Abdel-Hamid S. Optimizing the dermal accumulation of a tazarotene microemulsion using skin deposition modeling. Drug Dev Ind Pharm 2015; 42:636-43. [PMID: 26133080 DOI: 10.3109/03639045.2015.1062512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT It is well known that microemulsions are mainly utilized for their transdermal rather than their dermal drug delivery potential due to their low viscosity, and the presence of penetration enhancing surfactants and co-surfactants. OBJECTIVE Applying quality by design (QbD) principles, a tazarotene microemulsion formulation for local skin delivery was optimized by creating a control space. MATERIALS AND METHODS Critical formulation factors (CFF) were oil, surfactant/co-surfactant (SAA/CoS), and water percentages. Critical quality attributes (CQA) were globular size, microemulsion viscosity, tazarotene skin deposition, permeation, and local accumulation efficiency index. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION Increasing oil percentage increased globular size, while the opposite occurred regarding SAA/CoS, (p = 0.001). Microemulsion viscosity was reduced by increasing oil and water percentages (p < 0.05), due to the inherent high viscosity of the utilized SAA/CoS. Drug deposition in the skin was reduced by increasing SAA/CoS due to the increased hydrophilicity and viscosity of the system, but increased by increasing water due to hydration effect (p = 0.009). Models with very good fit were generated, predicting the effect of CFF on globular size, microemulsion viscosity, and drug deposition. A combination of 40% oil and 45% SAA/CoS showed the maximum drug deposition of 75.1%. Clinical skin irritation study showed that the aforementioned formula was safe for topical use. CONCLUSION This article suggests that applying QbD tools such as experimental design is an efficient tool for drug product design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maha Nasr
- a Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy , Ain Shams University , Cairo , Egypt
| | - Sameh Abdel-Hamid
- a Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy , Ain Shams University , Cairo , Egypt
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Patel MR, Patel RB, Parikh JR, Patel BG. Novel isotretinoin microemulsion-based gel for targeted topical therapy of acne: formulation consideration, skin retention and skin irritation studies. APPLIED NANOSCIENCE 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s13204-015-0457-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Che J, Wu Z, Shao W, Guo P, Lin Y, Pan W, Zeng W, Zhang G, Wu C, Xu Y. Synergetic skin targeting effect of hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin combined with microemulsion for ketoconazole. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2015; 93:136-48. [PMID: 25845772 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2015.03.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2015] [Revised: 03/20/2015] [Accepted: 03/27/2015] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
The objective was to develop a ternary skin targeting system for ketoconazole (KET) using a combined strategy of microemulsion (ME) and cyclodextrin (HP-β-CD), i.e., KET-CD-ME, which exploits both virtues of cyclodextrin complex and ME to obtain the synergetic effect. KET-CD-ME was formulated using Labrafil M 1944 CS as oil phase, Solutol HS 15 as surfactant, Transcutol P as cosurfactant, and HP-β-CD solution as aqueous phase. The formulation of KET-CD-ME was optimized and the optimal formulation was characterized in terms of particle size, size distribution, pH value, and viscosity. Long term stability experiment showed that HP-β-CD could increase the physical stability of ternary system and KET chemical stability. Percutaneous permeation of KET from KET-CD-ME in vitro through rat skin was investigated in comparison with KET microemulsion (KET-ME), KET HP-β-CD inclusion solution (KET-CD), KET aqueous suspension, and commercial KET cream; the results showed that the combination of ME with HP-β-CD exhibited significantly synergistic effect on KET deposition within the skin (29.38 ± 1.79 μg/cm(2)) and a slightly synergistic effect on KET penetration through the skin (11.3 μg/cm(2)/h). The enhancement of the combination on skin deposition was further visualized by confocal laser scanning microscope (CLSM). In vitro sensitivity against Candida parapsilosis test indicated that KET-CD-ME enhanced KET antifungal activity mainly owing to the solubilization of HP-β-CD on KET in the ternary system. Moreover, the interactions between HP-β-CD and KET in the ternary system were elucidated through microScale thermophoresis (MST) and 2D (1)H NMR spectroscopy. The profiles from MST confirmed the host-guest interactions of HP-β-CD with KET in the ternary system and a deep insight into the interactions between KET and HP-β-CD were obtained by means of 2D (1)H NMR spectroscopy. The results indicate that the ternary system of ME combination with HP-β-CD may be a promising approach for skin targeting delivery of KET.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junxiu Che
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Zushuai Wu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Weiyan Shao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Penghao Guo
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Yuanyuan Lin
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Wenhui Pan
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Weidong Zeng
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Guoguang Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Chuanbin Wu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Yuehong Xu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China.
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In Vitro Intestinal Permeability Studies and Pharmacokinetic Evaluation of Famotidine Microemulsion for Oral Delivery. INTERNATIONAL SCHOLARLY RESEARCH NOTICES 2014; 2014:452051. [PMID: 27379272 PMCID: PMC4897392 DOI: 10.1155/2014/452051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2014] [Revised: 11/18/2014] [Accepted: 11/18/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The absolute bioavailability of famotidine after oral administration is about 40-45% and absorbance only in the initial part of small intestine may be due to low intestinal permeability. Hence, an olive oil based microemulsion formulation with Tween-80 as surfactant and PEG-400 as cosurfactant was developed by using water titration method with the aim of enhancing the intestinal permeability as well as oral bioavailability. In vitro drug permeation in intestine after 8 h for all formulations varied from 30.42% to 78.39% and most of the formulations showed enhanced permeation compared to pure drug (48.92%). Famotidine microemulsion exhibited the higher absorption and C max achieved from the optimized famotidine formulation (456.20 ng·h/ml) was higher than the standard (126.80 ng·h/mL). It was found that AUC0-24 h obtained from the optimized famotidine test formulation (3023.5 ng·h/mL) was significantly higher than the standard famotidine (1663.3 ng·h/mL). F-1 demonstrated a longer (6 h) T max compared with standard drug (2 h) and sustained the release of drug over 24 h. The bioavailability of F-1 formulation was about 1.8-fold higher than that of standard drug. This enhanced bioavailability of famotidine loaded in microemulsion system might be due to increased intestinal permeability.
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Topical cream-based dosage forms of the macrocyclic drug delivery vehicle cucurbit[6]uril. PLoS One 2014; 9:e85361. [PMID: 24454850 PMCID: PMC3893214 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0085361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2013] [Accepted: 11/25/2013] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The macrocycle family of molecules called cucurbit[n]urils are potential drug delivery vehicles as they are able to form host-guest complexes with many different classes of drugs. This study aimed to examine the utility of Cucurbit[6]uril (CB[6]) in topical cream-based formulations for either localised treatment or for transdermal delivery. Cucurbit[6]uril was formulated into both buffered cream aqueous- and oily cream-based dosage forms. The solid state interaction of CB[6] with other excipients was studied by differential scanning calorimetry and the macrocycle's transdermal permeability was determined using rat skin. Significant solid state interactions were observed between CB[6] and the other dosage form excipients. At concentrations up to 32% w/w the buffered aqueous cream maintained its normal consistency and could be effectively applied to skin, but the oily cream was too stiff and is not suitable as a dosage form. Cucurbit[6]uril does not permeate through skin; as such, the results imply that cucurbituril-based topical creams may potentially only have applications for localised skin treatment and not for transdermal drug delivery.
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Songkro S, Lo NL, Tanmanee N, Maneenuan D, Boonme P. In vitro release, skin permeation and retention of benzophenone-3 from microemulsions (o/w and w/o). J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/s1773-2247(14)50140-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Formulation consideration and characterization of microemulsion drug delivery system for transnasal administration of carbamazepine. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bfopcu.2013.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Patel RB, Patel MR, Bhatt KK, Patel BG. Paliperidone-Loaded Mucoadhesive Microemulsion in Treatment of Schizophrenia: Formulation Consideration. J Pharm Innov 2013. [DOI: 10.1007/s12247-013-9160-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Patel R, Patel M, Bhatt K, Patel B. Risperidone-Loaded Mucoadhesive Microemulsion for Intranasal Delivery: Formulation Development, Physicochemical Characterization and Ex Vivo Evaluation. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/s1773-2247(13)50085-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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Güngör S, Erdal MS, Aksu B. New Formulation Strategies in Topical Antifungal Therapy. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013. [DOI: 10.4236/jcdsa.2013.31a009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Xin C, Li-hong W, Jing Y, Yang Y, Yue Y, Qi-fang W, San-ming L. Ketoconazole ion-exchange fiber complex: a novel method to reduce the individual difference of bioavailability in oral administration caused by gastric anacidity. Pharm Dev Technol 2012; 18:1346-54. [PMID: 22670853 DOI: 10.3109/10837450.2012.696266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Che Xin
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China
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Patel MR, Patel RB, Parikh JR, Patel BG. Improving the isotretinoin photostability by incorporating in microemulsion matrix. ISRN PHARMACEUTICS 2011; 2011:838016. [PMID: 22389863 PMCID: PMC3263728 DOI: 10.5402/2011/838016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2011] [Accepted: 05/11/2011] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The present paper demonstrates the increased photostability of isotretinoin when loaded in microemulsion. The photodegradation of isotretinoin, in methanol and microemulsion formulation was studied under direct sun light. The photodegradation process was monitored by UV spectrophotometry. In methanol solution, isotretinoin undergoes complete photodegradation just within a few minutes of light exposure. Isotretinoin incorporated in microemulsion formulation showed an increased stability in comparison to the methanol solutions. In particular for isotretinoin, a residual concentration of 75% was still present after a light irradiance versus a residual value of just 16% measured at the same time in methanol solution. Further, degradation kinetic parameters of isotretinoin-loaded microemulsion formulation were demonstrated increase isotretinoin half-life about five-times in comparison with a methanol solution under a direct sun light.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mrunali R Patel
- Indukaka Ipcowala College of Pharmacy, New Vallabh Vidyanagar, Anand, Gujarat 388 121, India
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