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Yadav V, Fuentes JL, Krishnan A, Singh N, Vohora D. Guidance for the use and interpretation of assays for monitoring anti-genotoxicity. Life Sci 2024; 337:122341. [PMID: 38101613 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2023.122341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Revised: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023]
Abstract
Since DNA damage can occur spontaneously or be produced by the environmental genotoxins in living cells, it is important to investigate compounds that can reverse or protect DNA damage. An appropriate methodology is essential for the responsive identification of protection offered against DNA damage. This review includes information on the current state of knowledge on prokaryotic cell-based assays (SOS chromotest, umu test, vitotox assay) and cytogenetic techniques (micronucleus assay, chromosome aberration test and sister chromatid exchange assay) with an emphasis on the possibility to explore genoprotective compounds. Throughout the last decade, studies have extrapolated the scientific methodologies utilized for genotoxicity to assess genoprotective compounds. Therefore, shortcomings of genotoxicity studies are also mirrored in antigenotoxicity studies. While regulatory authorities around the world (OECD, US-EPA and ICH) continue to update diverse genotoxic assay strategies, there are still no clear guidelines/approaches for efficient experimental design to screen genoprotective compounds. As a consequence, non-synergetic and inconsistent implementation of the test method by the researchers to execute such simulations has been adopted, which inevitably results in unreliable findings. The review has made the first attempt to collect various facets of experimentally verified approaches for evaluating genoprotective compounds, as well as to acknowledge potential significance and constraints, and further focus on the assessment of end points which are required to validate such action. Henceforth, the review makes an incredible commitment by permitting readers to equate several components of their test arrangement with the provided simplified information, allowing the selection of convenient technique for the predefined compound from a central repository.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vaishali Yadav
- Neurobehavioral Pharmacology Laboratory, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi 110062, India
| | - Jorge L Fuentes
- School of Biology, Science Faculty, Industrial University of Santander, Bucaramanga 680002, Santander, Colombia
| | - Anuja Krishnan
- Department of Molecular Medicine, School of Interdisciplinary Science and Technology, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi 110062, India
| | - Neenu Singh
- Leicester School of Allied Health Sciences, Faculty of Health & Life Sciences, De Montfort University, The Gateway, Leicester LE1 9BH, UK
| | - Divya Vohora
- Neurobehavioral Pharmacology Laboratory, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi 110062, India.
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Požgajová M, Navrátilová A, Kovár M. Curative Potential of Substances with Bioactive Properties to Alleviate Cd Toxicity: A Review. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:12380. [PMID: 36231680 PMCID: PMC9566368 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph191912380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2022] [Revised: 09/23/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Rapid urbanization and industrialization have led to alarming cadmium (Cd) pollution. Cd is a toxic heavy metal without any known physiological function in the organism, leading to severe health threat to the population. Cd has a long half-life (10-30 years) and thus it represents serious concern as it to a great extent accumulates in organs or organelles where it often causes irreversible damage. Moreover, Cd contamination might further lead to certain carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic health risks. Therefore, its negative effect on population health has to be minimalized. As Cd is able to enter the body through the air, water, soil, and food chain one possible way to defend and eliminate Cd toxicities is via dietary supplements that aim to eliminate the adverse effects of Cd to the organism. Naturally occurring bioactive compounds in food or medicinal plants with beneficial, mostly antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-aging, or anti-tumorigenesis impact on the organism, have been described to mitigate the negative effect of various contaminants and pollutants, including Cd. This study summarizes the curative effect of recently studied bioactive substances and mineral elements capable to alleviate the negative impact of Cd on various model systems, supposing that not only the Cd-derived health threat can be reduced, but also prevention and control of Cd toxicity and elimination of Cd contamination can be achieved in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miroslava Požgajová
- AgroBioTech Research Centre, Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, Tr. A. Hlinku 2, 94976 Nitra, Slovakia
| | - Alica Navrátilová
- Institute of Nutrition and Genomics, Faculty of Agrobiology and Food Resources, Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, Tr. A. Hlinku 2, 94976 Nitra, Slovakia
| | - Marek Kovár
- Institute of Plant and Environmental Science, Faculty of Agrobiology and Food Resources, Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, Tr. A. Hlinku 2, 94976 Nitra, Slovakia
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Rizwan K, Majeed I, Bilal M, Rasheed T, Shakeel A, Iqbal S. Phytochemistry and Diverse Pharmacology of Genus Mimosa: A Review. Biomolecules 2022; 12:biom12010083. [PMID: 35053231 PMCID: PMC8773851 DOI: 10.3390/biom12010083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2021] [Revised: 12/31/2021] [Accepted: 01/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The genus Mimosa belongs to the Fabaceae family and comprises almost 400 species of herbs, shrubs and ornamental trees. The genus Mimosa is found all over the tropics and subtropics of Asia, Africa, South America, North America and Australia. Traditionally, this genus has been popular for the treatment of jaundice, diarrhea, fever, toothache, wound healing, asthma, leprosy, vaginal and urinary complaints, skin diseases, piles, gastrointestinal disorders, small pox, hepatitis, tumor, HIV, ulcers and ringworm. The review covered literature available from 1959 to 2020 collected from books, scientific journals and electronic searches, such as Science Direct, Web of Science and Google scholar. Various keywords, such as Mimosa, secondary metabolites, medicines, phytochemicals and pharmacological values, were used for the data search. The Mimosa species are acknowledged to be an essential source of secondary metabolites with a wide-ranging biological functions, and up until now, 145 compounds have been isolated from this genus. Pharmacological studies showed that isolated compounds possess significant potential, such as antiprotozoal, antimicrobial, antiviral, antioxidant, and antiproliferative as well as cytotoxic activities. Alkaloids, chalcones, flavonoids, indoles, terpenes, terpenoids, saponins, steroids, amino acids, glycosides, flavanols, phenols, lignoids, polysaccharides, lignins, salts and fatty esters have been isolated from this genus. This review focused on the medicinal aspects of the Mimosa species and may provide a comprehensive understanding of the prospective of this genus as a foundation of medicine, supplement and nourishment. The plants of this genus could be a potential source of medicines in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Komal Rizwan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Sahiwal, Sahiwal 57000, Pakistan
- Correspondence: (K.R.); (A.S.)
| | - Ismat Majeed
- Department of Chemistry, Government College Women University, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan;
| | - Muhammad Bilal
- School of Life Science and Food Engineering, Huaiyin Institute of Technology, Huaian 223003, China;
| | - Tahir Rasheed
- Interdisciplinary Research Center for Advanced Materials, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals (KFUPM), Dhahran 31261, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Ahmad Shakeel
- Department of Hydraulic Engineering, Faculty of Civil Engineering and Geosciences, Delft University of Technology, Stevinweg 1, 2628 CN Delft, The Netherlands
- Correspondence: (K.R.); (A.S.)
| | - Shahid Iqbal
- Department of Chemistry, School of Natural Sciences (SNS), National University of Science and Technology (NUST), H-12, Islamabad 46000, Pakistan;
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Majeed I, Rizwan K, Ashar A, Rasheed T, Amarowicz R, Kausar H, Zia-Ul-Haq M, Marceanu LG. A Comprehensive Review of the Ethnotraditional Uses and Biological and Pharmacological Potential of the Genus Mimosa. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22147463. [PMID: 34299082 PMCID: PMC8307580 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22147463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2021] [Revised: 07/04/2021] [Accepted: 07/07/2021] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The Mimosa genus belongs to the Fabaceae family of legumes and consists of about 400 species distributed all over the world. The growth forms of plants belonging to the Mimosa genus range from herbs to trees. Several species of this genus play important roles in folk medicine. In this review, we aimed to present the current knowledge of the ethnogeographical distribution, ethnotraditional uses, nutritional values, pharmaceutical potential, and toxicity of the genus Mimosa to facilitate the exploitation of its therapeutic potential for the treatment of human ailments. The present paper consists of a systematic overview of the scientific literature relating to the genus Mimosa published between 1931 and 2020, which was achieved by consulting various databases (Science Direct, Francis and Taylor, Scopus, Google Scholar, PubMed, SciELO, Web of Science, SciFinder, Wiley, Springer, Google, The Plant Database). More than 160 research articles were included in this review regarding the Mimosa genus. Mimosa species are nutritionally very important and several species are used as feed for different varieties of chickens. Studies regarding their biological potential have shown that species of the Mimosa genus have promising pharmacological properties, including antimicrobial, antioxidant, anticancer, antidiabetic, wound-healing, hypolipidemic, anti-inflammatory, hepatoprotective, antinociceptive, antiepileptic, neuropharmacological, toxicological, antiallergic, antihyperurisemic, larvicidal, antiparasitic, molluscicidal, antimutagenic, genotoxic, teratogenic, antispasmolytic, antiviral, and antivenom activities. The findings regarding the genus Mimosa suggest that this genus could be the future of the medicinal industry for the treatment of various diseases, although in the future more research should be carried out to explore its ethnopharmacological, toxicological, and nutritional attributes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ismat Majeed
- Department of Chemistry, Government College Women University, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan; (I.M.); (A.A.)
| | - Komal Rizwan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Sahiwal, Sahiwal 57000, Pakistan;
| | - Ambreen Ashar
- Department of Chemistry, Government College Women University, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan; (I.M.); (A.A.)
| | - Tahir Rasheed
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China;
| | - Ryszard Amarowicz
- Department of Chemical and Physical Properties of Food, Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, Tuwima Street 10, 10-748 Olsztyn, Poland
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +48-89-523-4627
| | - Humaira Kausar
- Department of Chemistry, Lahore College for Women University, Lahore 54000, Pakistan;
| | - Muhammad Zia-Ul-Haq
- Office of Research, Innovation & Commercialization, Lahore College for Women University, Lahore 54000, Pakistan;
| | - Luigi Geo Marceanu
- Faculty of Medicine, Transilvania University of Brasov, 500019 Brasov, Romania;
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de Lima EC, de Moura CFG, Silva MJD, Vilegas W, Santamarina AB, Pisani LP, de Oliveira F, Ribeiro DA. Therapeutical properties of Mimosa caesalpiniifolia in rat liver intoxicated with cadmium. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 27:10981-10989. [PMID: 31953755 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-019-07455-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2019] [Accepted: 12/19/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the therapeutic properties of Mimosa caesalpiniifolia in liver of rats exposed to cadmium under morphological, oxidative, inflammatory, and mutagenic parameters. A total of 40 Wistar rats (90 days, ~ 250 g) were distributed into eight groups (n = 5) as follows: (i) control; (ii) cadmium: cadmium chloride injection at 1.2 mg/kg; (iii) Mimosa extract: treatment with Mimosa extract at 250 mg/kg; (iv) Mimosa fraction: treatment with Mimosa acetate fraction at 62.5 mg/kg; (v) cadmium and Mimosa extract 62.5: submitted to cadmium chloride at 1.2 mg/kg injection and treatment with Mimosa extract at 62.5 mg/kg; (vi) cadmium and Mimosa extract 125: subjected to cadmium chloride at 1.2 mg/kg injection and treatment with Mimosa extract at 125 mg/kg; (vii) cadmium and Mimosa 250 extract: submitted to cadmium chloride 1.2 mg/kg injection and treatment with Mimosa extract at 250 mg/kg; (viii) cadmium treated with fraction of Mimosa acetate: submitted to cadmium chloride 1.2 mg/kg injection and treatment with acetate fraction of Mimosa extract at 62.5 mg/kg. In the animals intoxicated with cadmium and treated with fraction [62.5], increased expression of SOD-Mn reduced frequency of binucleated hepatocytes, karyolysis, and karyorrhexis, besides the antimutagenic and antioxidant action. The extract [62.5] was cytoprotective, antimutagenic, and reduced karyolysis. The extract [125] was cytoprotective, antioxidant, antifibrotic, anti-inflammatory, and reduced frequency of binucleated hepatocytes, while extract [250] was cytotoxic and mutagenic. In summary, the extract of Mimosa exerts some therapeutic properties in hepatic tissue after Cd intoxication, but only when it is administrated at intermediate doses. Probably, a high content of polyphenols in the EHM [250] and Fr-EtOAc groups exert pro-oxidant activities in the liver particularly when associated with Cd.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eliene Cezario de Lima
- Department of Biosciences, Federal University of Sao Paulo, UNIFESP, Rua Silva Jardim, 136, Santos, SP, 11050-020, Brazil
| | - Carolina Foot Gomes de Moura
- Department of Biosciences, Federal University of Sao Paulo, UNIFESP, Rua Silva Jardim, 136, Santos, SP, 11050-020, Brazil
| | | | - Wagner Vilegas
- UNESP, São Paulo State University, Coastal Campus, São Vicente, Brazil
| | - Aline Boveto Santamarina
- Department of Biosciences, Federal University of Sao Paulo, UNIFESP, Rua Silva Jardim, 136, Santos, SP, 11050-020, Brazil
| | - Luciana Pellegrini Pisani
- Department of Biosciences, Federal University of Sao Paulo, UNIFESP, Rua Silva Jardim, 136, Santos, SP, 11050-020, Brazil
| | - Flavia de Oliveira
- Department of Biosciences, Federal University of Sao Paulo, UNIFESP, Rua Silva Jardim, 136, Santos, SP, 11050-020, Brazil
| | - Daniel Araki Ribeiro
- Department of Biosciences, Federal University of Sao Paulo, UNIFESP, Rua Silva Jardim, 136, Santos, SP, 11050-020, Brazil.
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Claudio SR, Pidone Ribeiro FA, De Lima EC, Santamarina AB, Pisani LP, Pereira CSD, Fujiyama Oshima CT, Ribeiro DA. The protective effect of grape skin or purple carrot extracts against cadmium intoxication in kidney of rats. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019; 26:263-269. [PMID: 31924351 DOI: 10.1016/j.pathophys.2019.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2019] [Revised: 06/15/2019] [Accepted: 07/27/2019] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the protective effect of grape skin or purple carrot extracts against cadmium-induced intoxication in rats' kidneys. For this purpose, 30 male Wistar rats were distributed into six groups (n = 5), as follows: control group; cadmium group and groups treated with grape skin at 175 or 350 mg / L doses; or purple carrot extract at 400 mg / L or 800 mg / L doses, by drinking water. In the group exposed to cadmium, histopathological analysis revealed severe tissue injury as a result of coagulation necrosis, congested vessels and inflammatory infiltrate. Animals treated with grape skin or purple carrot extracts improved the histopathological changes induced by cadmium. 8-OHdG immunoexpression and catalase gene expression decreased in rats treated with purple carrot or grape skin extracts. Grape skin extract was able to increase SOD-CuZn gene expression as well. Toll-like signaling pathway (TLR2, PIKK and TRAF6) and cytochrome c expressions were not altered after the treatment with grape skin or purple carrot extracts. Taken together, we conclude that grape skin and purple carrot extracts had a protective effect on the rats' kidneys after cadmium intoxication, by means of tissue regenerating tissue regeneration and antioxidant properties, grape skin extract being more effective for this purpose.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Daniel Araki Ribeiro
- Department of Biosciences, Federal University of Sao Paulo, UNIFESP, SP, Brazil.
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Dias Silva MJ, Simonet AM, Silva NC, Dias ALT, Vilegas W, Macías FA. Bioassay-Guided Isolation of Fungistatic Compounds from Mimosa caesalpiniifolia Leaves. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2019; 82:1496-1502. [PMID: 31244146 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.8b01025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
A bioassay-guided phytochemical study of a Mimosa caesalpiniifolia leaf extract with antifungal activity permitted the identification of 28 compounds, including the new 6-(β-boivinopyranosyl)apigenin (1), 8-(β-oliopyranosyl)apigenin (2), (E)-6-(2-carboxyethenyl)apigenin (3), (E)-8-(2-carboxyethenyl)apigenin (4), and 7,5″-anhydro-6-(α-2,6-dideoxy-5-hydroxyarabinohexopyranosyl)apigenin (5). The structures of the new compounds were determined by comprehensive spectroscopic analysis, including 1D and 2D NMR techniques, and by mass spectrometry. Compound 3 showed promising activity and selectivity against Candida krusei (IC50 44 nM), which exhibits resistance to azoles. The association of the major components 3-β-d-glucopyranosyloxysitosterol (8) and ethyl gallate (10) was synergistic against C. krusei, especially the IC values of compound 10, which were reduced by more than 100-fold.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcelo J Dias Silva
- Biosciences Institute, UNESP-Univ Estadual Paulista, Coastal Campus of São Vicente, Praça Infante Dom Henrique, s/n, 11330-900, São Vicente, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ana M Simonet
- Grupo de Alelopatía, Departamento de Química Orgánica, Instituto de Biomoléculas (INBIO), Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Cádiz, C/República Saharaui, 7, 11510-Puerto Real (Cádiz), Spain
| | - Naiara C Silva
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, UNIFAL-Univ Federal de Alfenas, Rua Gabriel Monteiro da Silva, 714, Centro, 37130-000, Alfenas, Minas Gerias, Brazil
| | - Amanda L T Dias
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, UNIFAL-Univ Federal de Alfenas, Rua Gabriel Monteiro da Silva, 714, Centro, 37130-000, Alfenas, Minas Gerias, Brazil
| | - Wagner Vilegas
- Biosciences Institute, UNESP-Univ Estadual Paulista, Coastal Campus of São Vicente, Praça Infante Dom Henrique, s/n, 11330-900, São Vicente, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Francisco A Macías
- Grupo de Alelopatía, Departamento de Química Orgánica, Instituto de Biomoléculas (INBIO), Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Cádiz, C/República Saharaui, 7, 11510-Puerto Real (Cádiz), Spain
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8
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Silva SWC, Monção NBN, Araújo BQ, Arcanjo DDR, Ferreira JHL, Lima Neto JS, Citó AMGL, de Siqueira Júnior JP, Kaatz GW, Barreto HM. Antimicrobial activity of Mimosa caesalpiniifolia Benth and its interaction with antibiotics against Staphylococcus aureus strains overexpressing efflux pump genes. Lett Appl Microbiol 2019; 69:57-63. [PMID: 31002429 DOI: 10.1111/lam.13163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2019] [Revised: 04/15/2019] [Accepted: 04/15/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate the antimicrobial activity of the dichloromethane fraction (DCMF) from the stem bark of Mimosa caesalpiniifolia and its effect on the activity of conventional antibiotics against Staphylococcus aureus strains overexpressing specific efflux pump genes. DCMF showed activity against S. aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis and Candida albicans. Addition of DCMF at subinhibitory concentrations to the growth media enhanced the activity of norfloxacin, ciprofloxacin and ethidium bromide against S. aureus strains overexpressing norA suggesting the presence of efflux pump inhibitors in its composition. Similar results were verified for tetracycline against S. aureus overexpressing tetK, as well as, for ethidium bromide against S. aureus overexpressing qacC. These results indicate that M. caesalpiniifolia is a source of molecules able to modulate the fluoroquinolone- and tetracycline-resistance in S. aureus probably by inhibition of NorA, TetK and QacC respectively. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY: Drug resistance is a common problem in patients with infectious diseases. Dichloromethane fraction from the stem bark of Mimosa caesalpiniifolia showed antimicrobial activity against Gram-positive bacterium Staphylococcus aureus and against Candida albicans, but did not show activity against Gram-negative specie Escherichia coli. Moreover, this fraction was able to potentiate the action of norfloxacin, ciprofloxacin and tetracycline against S. aureus strains overexpressing different efflux pump genes. Thus, Mimosa caesalpiniifolia is a source of efflux pump inhibitors which could be used in combination with fluoroquinolones or tetracycline in the treatment of infectious diseases caused by S. aureus strains overexpressing efflux pump genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- S W C Silva
- Laboratory of Research in Microbiology, Federal University of Piauí, Teresina, Brazil
| | - N B N Monção
- Agricultural College of Floriano, Federal University of Piauí (UFPI), Floriano, Brazil
| | - B Q Araújo
- Laboratory of Natural Products, Federal University of Piauí, Teresina, Brazil
| | - D D R Arcanjo
- Department of Biophysics and Physiology, Federal University of Piauí (UFPI), Teresina, Brazil
| | - J H L Ferreira
- Laboratory of Research in Microbiology, Federal University of Piauí, Teresina, Brazil
| | - J S Lima Neto
- Laboratory of Natural Products, Federal University of Piauí, Teresina, Brazil
| | - A M G L Citó
- Laboratory of Natural Products, Federal University of Piauí, Teresina, Brazil
| | - J P de Siqueira Júnior
- Laboratory of Genetics of Microorganisms, Federal University of Paraiba (UFPB), João Pessoa, Brazil
| | - G W Kaatz
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - H M Barreto
- Laboratory of Research in Microbiology, Federal University of Piauí, Teresina, Brazil
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Grape skin extract mitigates tissue degeneration, genotoxicity, and oxidative status in multiple organs of rats exposed to cadmium. Eur J Cancer Prev 2018; 27:70-81. [PMID: 27472085 DOI: 10.1097/cej.0000000000000273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate whether grape skin extract can mitigate the noxious activities induced by cadmium exposure in multiple organs of rats. For this purpose, histopathological analysis for the liver, genotoxicity, and oxidative status in the blood and liver were investigated in this setting. A total of 20 Wistar rats weighing 250 g, on average, and 8 weeks of age were distributed into four groups (n=5) as follows: control group (nontreated group); cadmium group (Cd); and grape skin extract groups (Cd+GS) at 175 or 350 mg/l. Histopathological analysis in liver showed that animals treated with grape skin extract showed improved tissue degeneration induced by cadmium intoxication. Genetic damage was reduced in blood and hepatocytes as indicated by comet and micronucleus assays in animals treated with grape skin extract. Copper-zinc superoxide dismutase and cytochrome c gene expression increased in groups treated with grape skin extract in liver cells. Grape skin extract also reduced the 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine levels in liver cells compared with the cadmium group. Taken together, our results indicate that grape skin extract can mitigate tissue degeneration, genotoxicity, and oxidative stress induced by cadmium exposure in multiple organs of Wistar rats.
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Ruiz PLM, Handan BA, de Moura CFG, Assis LR, Fernandes KR, Renno ACM, Ribeiro DA. Protective effect of grape or apple juices in bone tissue of rats exposed to cadmium: role of RUNX-2 and RANK/L expression. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 25:15785-15792. [PMID: 29582325 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-018-1778-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2017] [Accepted: 03/14/2018] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate if grape or apple juices are able to protect bone tissue of rats exposed to cadmium. For this purpose, histopathological analysis and immunohistochemistry for RUNX-2 and RANK-L were investigated in this setting. A total of 20 adult Wistar rats were distributed into four groups (n = 5), as follows: control group, cadmium group, cadmium and grape juice group, and Cadmium and apple juice group. Control group received a single intraperitoneal (i.p.) water injection. Cadmium group received a single i.p. injection of cadmium chloride (1.2 mg/kg body weight) diluted in water. Cadmium and grape juice and cadmium and apple juice groups received a single i.p. injection of cadmium chloride (1.2 mg/kg body), and after 15 days, the rats were treated with grape or apple juices for 15 days, by gavage. All animals were euthanized 30 days after the beginning of experiment. Histopathological analysis in rat femur revealed extensive bone loss in rats intoxicated with cadmium. Grape or apple juices were able to increase bone formation. Cadmium inhibited RUNX-2 immunoexpression whereas cadmium increased RANK-L immunoexpression in rat bone cells. Grape or apple juices increased RUNX-2 and decreased RANK-L immunoexpression after cadmium intoxication. Taken together, our results demonstrate that grape or apple juices are able to exert therapeutic activity following cadmium intoxication in rat bone tissue as result of stimulatory effect of bone formation by RUNX-2 upregulation and RANK-L downregulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pedro Luiz Menin Ruiz
- Department of Biosciences, Federal University of Sao Paulo, UNIFESP, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Bianca Andrade Handan
- Department of Biosciences, Federal University of Sao Paulo, UNIFESP, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Livia Ribeiro Assis
- Department of Biosciences, Federal University of Sao Paulo, UNIFESP, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | | | | | - Daniel Araki Ribeiro
- Department of Biosciences, Federal University of Sao Paulo, UNIFESP, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
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11
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Claudio SR, Gollucke APB, Yamamura H, Morais DR, Bataglion GA, Eberlin MN, Peres RC, Oshima CTF, Ribeiro DA. Purple carrot extract protects against cadmium intoxication in multiple organs of rats: Genotoxicity, oxidative stress and tissue morphology analyses. J Trace Elem Med Biol 2016; 33:37-47. [PMID: 26653742 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2015.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2015] [Revised: 08/23/2015] [Accepted: 08/31/2015] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate if purple carrot extract is able to protect against the noxious activities induced by cadmium exposure in multiple organs of rats. For this purpose, histopathological analysis, genotoxicity and oxidative status were investigated in this setting. A total of twenty Wistar rats weighing 250g on the average, and 8 weeks age were distributed into four groups (n=5), as follows: Control group (non-treated group, CTRL); Cadmium group (Cd) and Purple carrot extract groups at 400mg/L or 800mg/L. Histopathological analysis revealed that liver from animals treated with purple carrot extract improved tissue degeneration induced by cadmium intoxication. Genetic damage was reduced in blood and hepatocytes as depicted by comet and micronucleus assays in animals treated with purple carrot extract. SOD-CuZn and cytocrome C gene expression increased in groups treated with purple carrot extract. Purple carrot extract also reduced the 8OHdG levels in liver cells when compared to cadmium group. Taken together, our results demonstrate that purple carrot extract is able to protect against cadmium intoxication by means of reducing tissue regeneration, genotoxicity and oxidative stress in multiple organs of Wistar rats.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Hirochi Yamamura
- Department of Biosciences, Federal University of Sao Paulo, UNIFESP, SP, Brazil
| | - Damila Rodrigues Morais
- ThoMSon Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, Institute of Chemistry, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Giovana Anceski Bataglion
- ThoMSon Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, Institute of Chemistry, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Marcos Nogueira Eberlin
- ThoMSon Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, Institute of Chemistry, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | | | | | - Daniel Araki Ribeiro
- Department of Biosciences, Federal University of Sao Paulo, UNIFESP, SP, Brazil.
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