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Tregobov N, Starnes K, Kassay S, Mahjoob M, Chae YSS, McMillan A, Poureslami I. Smoking cessation program preferences of individuals with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a qualitative study. Prim Health Care Res Dev 2024; 25:e38. [PMID: 39301597 DOI: 10.1017/s1463423624000306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/22/2024] Open
Abstract
AIM To explore the views of tobacco-smoking chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and asthma-COPD overlap (ACO) patients on telehealth-based cessation programs and the role of e-cigarettes as an aid to quit smoking. BACKGROUND Tobacco smoking accelerates the progression of COPD. Traditional smoking cessation programs often do not entirely address the unique needs of COPD patients, leading to suboptimal effectiveness for this population. This research is aimed at describing the attitudes and preferences of COPD and ACO patients toward innovative, telehealth-based smoking cessation strategies and the potential application of e-cigarettes as a quitting aid. METHODS A qualitative exploratory approach was adopted in this study, employing both focus groups and individual interviews with English-speaking adults with diagnosed COPD or ACO. Participants included both current smokers (≥ 5 cigarettes/day) and recent ex-smokers (who quit < 12 months ago). Data were systematically coded with iterative reliability checks and subjected to thematic analysis to extract key themes. FINDINGS A total of 24 individuals participated in this study. The emergent themes were the perceived structure and elements of a successful smoking cessation program, the possible integration of telehealth with digital technologies, and the strategic use of e-cigarettes for smoking reduction or cessation. The participants stressed the importance of both social and professional support in facilitating smoking cessation, expressing a high value for insights provided by ex-smokers serving as mentors. A preference was observed for group settings; however, the need for individualized plans was also highlighted, considering the diverse motivations individuals had to quit smoking. The participants perceived online program delivery as potentially beneficial as it could provide immediate access to support during cravings or withdrawals and was accessible to remote users. Opinions on e-cigarettes were mixed; some participants saw them as a less harmful alternative to conventional smoking, while others were skeptical of their efficacy and safety and called for further research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noah Tregobov
- Vancouver-Fraser Medical Program, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
- Faculty of Medicine, Respiratory Medicine Division, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | | | - Saron Kassay
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, Canada
| | - Maryam Mahjoob
- Faculty of Medicine, Respiratory Medicine Division, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | | | - Austin McMillan
- Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, Western University, London, Canada
| | - Iraj Poureslami
- Faculty of Medicine, Respiratory Medicine Division, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
- Canadian Multicultural Health Promotion Society, Vancouver, Canada
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Herchenroeder L, Kracke-Bock J, Rentia S, Dodge T. Application of Self-Determination Theory to Substance Use and Its Treatment: A Scoping Review of the Literature. Subst Use Misuse 2024; 59:1464-1480. [PMID: 38789403 DOI: 10.1080/10826084.2024.2352622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2024]
Abstract
Background: Self-determination theory (SDT) may provide important insights for understanding substance misuse and treatment outcomes. However, to date, the literature applying SDT to substance use and its treatment is varied and difficult to integrate. Methods: The authors searched psycINFO and PubMed on October 26th, 2021 to identify articles applying SDT to substance use and its treatment. Eligible studies were published in peer-reviewed articles in English, on adult populations (18+), and explicitly applied SDT to the context of substance use or its treatment. Results were categorized as studies applying SDT in non-treatment or treatment settings and were synthesized within these categories by substance(s) of focus, primary outcome(s), component(s) of SDT utilized, and relevant findings. Results: The search revealed 38 articles applying SDT in non-treatment (k = 16) and treatment (k = 22) settings. Causality orientations and the basic psychological needs were the most frequently studied components of SDT. Studies that applied SDT in non-treatment settings placed a greater emphasis on causality orientations, whereas treatment studies more frequently targeted or measured basic psychological needs. Conclusions: SDT constructs consistently predicted both substance misuse and treatment outcomes in a theoretically consistent manner, however, several important gaps remain and opportunities for future research are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luke Herchenroeder
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Jonah Kracke-Bock
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Saba Rentia
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Tonya Dodge
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA
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Meza BPL, Pollack CE, Tilchin C, Jennings JM, Latkin CA, Cather C, Dickerson F, Evins AE, Wang NY, Daumit GL, Yuan C, Gudzune KA. Social networks of people with serious mental illness who smoke: potential role in a smoking cessation intervention. J Ment Health 2024:1-10. [PMID: 38588708 PMCID: PMC11458813 DOI: 10.1080/09638237.2024.2332807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2022] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Smoking is a major contributor to morbidity and mortality among individuals with serious mental illness (SMI) and social networks may play an important role in smoking behaviors. AIMS Our objectives were to (1) describe the network characteristics of adults with SMI who smoke tobacco (2) explore whether network attributes were associated with nicotine dependence. METHODS We performed a secondary analysis of baseline data from a tobacco smoking cessation intervention trial among 192 participants with SMI. A subgroup (n = 75) completed questions on the characteristics of their social network members. The network characteristics included network composition (e.g. proportion who smoke) and network structure (e.g. density of connections between members). We used multilevel models to examine associations with nicotine dependence. RESULTS Participant characteristics included: a mean age 50 years, 49% women, 48% Black, and 41% primary diagnosis of schizophrenia/schizoaffective disorder. The median personal network proportion of active smokers was 22%, active quitters 0%, and non-smokers 53%. The density of ties between actively smoking network members was greater than between non-smoking members (55% vs 43%, p = .02). Proportion of network smokers was not associated with nicotine dependence. CONCLUSIONS We identified potential social network challenges and assets to smoking cessation and implications for network interventions among individuals with SMI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin P. L. Meza
- Division of General Internal Medicine and Health Services Research, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Craig E. Pollack
- Department of Health Policy and Management, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
- Johns Hopkins University School of Nursing, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Carla Tilchin
- Center for Child and Community Health Research (CCHR), Department of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Department of Health, Behavior and Society, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Jacky M. Jennings
- Center for Child and Community Health Research (CCHR), Department of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Department of Health, Behavior and Society, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Carl A. Latkin
- Department of Health, Behavior and Society, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Corinne Cather
- Center of Excellence for Psychosocial and Systematic Research, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Center for Addiction Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Anne E. Evins
- Center of Excellence for Psychosocial and Systematic Research, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Center for Addiction Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Nae-Yuh Wang
- Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Gail L. Daumit
- Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Christina Yuan
- Department of Health Policy and Management, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Kimberly A. Gudzune
- Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
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Alghzawi HM, Storr CL. Gender Differences in the Interrelations Among Social Support, Stressful Life Events, and Smoking Cessation in People With Severe Mental Illnesses. J Am Psychiatr Nurses Assoc 2023; 29:146-160. [PMID: 33926296 DOI: 10.1177/10783903211008248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Social support and stressful life events (SLEs) have been found to be influential factors for smoking cessation in the general population, but little is known about these factors among smokers with severe mental illnesses (SMIs) and whether their associations with smoking cessation differ by gender. AIMS To examine the association between social support and smoking cessation as mediated by SLEs in people with SMI and to examine whether the interrelations among social support, SLEs, and smoking cessation differ by gender. METHODS A population sample of 4,610 American lifetime adult smokers with schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, or major depressive disorder were identified in a limited public use data set of the 2012-2013 National Epidemiologic Survey on Alcohol and Related Conditions. Four mediation and moderated mediation models were used to examine gender differences in the interrelations among social support (total and three subscales of the Interpersonal Support Evaluation List-12), SLEs (summative score of positive responses to 16 types experienced in past year and related to health, job, death, or legal situations), and smoking status in prior year. RESULTS Total, appraisal, and tangible support among females exerted indirect effects on smoking cessation via decreasing SLE scores. Among males, only belonging support exerted an indirect effect on smoking cessation via an increased SLE score. CONCLUSIONS Findings suggest that interventions focusing on improving social support should be a priority for those working with smokers with SMI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamzah M Alghzawi
- Hamzah M. Alghzawi, PhD, MSN, RN, Medstar Good Samaritan Hospital, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Carla L Storr
- Carla L. Storr, ScD, MPH, University of Maryland School of Nursing, Baltimore, MD, USA
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Nagawa CS, Wang B, Davis M, Pbert L, Cutrona SL, Lemon SC, Sadasivam RS. Examining pathways between family or peer factors and smoking cessation in a nationally representative US sample of adults with mental health conditions who smoke: a structural equation analysis. BMC Public Health 2022; 22:1566. [PMID: 35978318 PMCID: PMC9382825 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-022-13979-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Accepted: 08/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Supportive family or peer behaviors positively impact smoking cessation in people with mental health problems who smoke. However, the limited understanding of the pathways through which family or peer factors impact quitting limits the development of effective support interventions. This study examined pathways through which family or peer views on tobacco use, family or peer smoking status, and rules against smoking in the home influenced quitting in adults with mental health problems who smoke. Methods We used data from the Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health Study, a national longitudinal survey. Baseline data were collected in 2015, and follow-up data in 2016. We included adults’ current smokers who had experienced two or more mental health symptoms in the past year (unweighted n = 4201). Structural equation modeling was used to test the relationships between family and peer factors, mediating factors, and smoking cessation. Results We found that having family or peers with negative views on tobacco use had a positive indirect effect on smoking cessation, mediated through the individual’s intention to quit (regression coefficient: 0.19) and the use of evidence-based approaches during their past year quit attempt (regression coefficient: 0.32). Having rules against smoking in the home (regression coefficient: 0.33) and having non-smoking family members or peers (regression coefficient: 0.11) had a positive indirect effect on smoking cessation, mediated through smoking behaviors (regression coefficient: 0.36). All paths were statistically significant (p < 0.01). The model explained 20% of the variability in smoking outcomes. Conclusion Family or peer-based cessation interventions that systematically increase intentions to quit and monitor smoking behavior may be able to assess the efficacy of family and peer support on quitting in people with mental health problems who smoke. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12889-022-13979-z.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catherine S Nagawa
- Department of Population and Quantitative Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts Medical School, 368 Plantation Street, Worcester, MA, 01605, USA.
| | - Bo Wang
- Department of Population and Quantitative Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts Medical School, 368 Plantation Street, Worcester, MA, 01605, USA
| | - Maryann Davis
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Lori Pbert
- Department of Population and Quantitative Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts Medical School, 368 Plantation Street, Worcester, MA, 01605, USA
| | - Sarah L Cutrona
- Department of Population and Quantitative Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts Medical School, 368 Plantation Street, Worcester, MA, 01605, USA.,Health Services Research & Development, Center of Innovation Edith Nurse Rogers Memorial Hospital Veterans Health Administration, Bedford, USA
| | - Stephenie C Lemon
- Department of Population and Quantitative Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts Medical School, 368 Plantation Street, Worcester, MA, 01605, USA
| | - Rajani S Sadasivam
- Department of Population and Quantitative Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts Medical School, 368 Plantation Street, Worcester, MA, 01605, USA.,Department of Psychiatry, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
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Struik L, Khan S, Assoiants A, Sharma RH. Assessment of Social Support and Quitting Smoking in an Online Community Forum: Study Involving Content Analysis. JMIR Form Res 2022; 6:e34429. [PMID: 35023834 PMCID: PMC8796047 DOI: 10.2196/34429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2021] [Revised: 11/22/2021] [Accepted: 11/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background A key factor in successfully reducing and quitting smoking, as well as preventing smoking relapse is access to and engagement with social support. Recent technological advances have made it possible for smokers to access social support via online community forums. While community forums associated with smoking cessation interventions are now common practice, there is a gap in understanding how and when the different types of social support identified by Cutrona and Suhr (1992) (emotional, esteem, informational, tangible, and network) are exchanged on such forums. Community forums that entail “superusers” (a key marker of a successful forum), like QuitNow, are ripe for exploring and leveraging promising social support exchanges on these platforms. Objective The purpose of this study was to characterize the posts made on the QuitNow community forum at different stages in the quit journey, and determine when and how the social support constructs are present within the posts. Methods A total of 506 posts (including original and response posts) were collected. Using conventional content analysis, the original posts were coded inductively to generate categories and subcategories, and the responses were coded deductively according to the 5 types of social support. Data were analyzed using Microsoft Excel software. Results Overall, individuals were most heavily engaged on the forum during the first month of quitting, which then tapered off in the subsequent months. In relation to the original posts, the majority of them fit into the categories of sharing quit successes, quit struggles, updates, quit strategies, and desires to quit. Asking for advice and describing smoke-free benefits were the least represented categories. In relation to the responses, encouragement (emotional), compliment (esteem), and suggestion/advice (informational) consistently remained the most prominent types of support throughout all quit stages. Companionship (network) maintained a steady downward trajectory over time. Conclusions The findings of this study highlight the complexity of how and when different types of social support are exchanged on the QuitNow community forum. These findings provide directions for how social support can be more strategically employed and leveraged in these online contexts to support smoking cessation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Struik
- School of Nursing, University of British Columbia, Kelowna, BC, Canada
| | - Shaheer Khan
- School of Health and Exercise Science, University of British Columbia, Kelowna, BC, Canada
| | | | - Ramona H Sharma
- School of Social Work, University of British Columbia, Kelowna, BC, Canada
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Cioe PA, Pinkston M, Tashima KT, Kahler CW. Peer navigation for smoking cessation in smokers with HIV: Protocol for a randomized clinical trial. Contemp Clin Trials 2021; 110:106435. [PMID: 33992767 PMCID: PMC8590703 DOI: 10.1016/j.cct.2021.106435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2021] [Revised: 05/07/2021] [Accepted: 05/10/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Smoking prevalence in persons with HIV (PWH) is high (40%) and cessation rates remain low. Lack of social support and poor adherence to nicotine replacement therapy (NRT) are related to poor cessation outcomes; thus, both factors represent possible targets for smoking cessation interventions. Peer navigators (PNs) have been integrated into HIV care with great success to improve engagement and adherence to antiretroviral therapy. However, no clinical trial has evaluated the potential for PNs to provide social support and improve NRT adherence for smoking cessation. We developed a treatment protocol that targets social support, adherence, and self-efficacy for quitting by incorporating PNs into a smoking cessation program. This randomized trial will test whether this approach results in higher rates of 7-day point prevalence abstinence at 12- and 24-weeks, compared to standard treatment. METHODS Seventy-two smokers with HIV will be randomized to either Peer Navigation Social Support for smoking cessation (PNSS-S) or standard cessation counseling. All participants will meet with a nurse for a smoking cessation counseling session, which will include discussion of FDA-approved cessation pharmacotherapy. Participants assigned to PNSS-S will receive weekly phone calls from the PN for 12 weeks. The PN will address readiness to quit, using medication to quit, common barriers to cessation, high risk situations, slip management, and maintaining abstinence. Smoking cessation outcomes will be measured at 4, 12, and 24 weeks following the baseline appointment. CONCLUSION Results from this study will provide preliminary evidence of whether incorporating a peer navigator-based intervention into smoking cessation treatment can improve smoking cessation outcomes in PWH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia A Cioe
- Center for Alcohol and Addiction Studies, Department of Behavioral and Social Sciences, Brown University School of Public Health, Providence, RI, United States of America.
| | - Megan Pinkston
- Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, United States of America; Department of Medicine, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, United States of America
| | - Karen T Tashima
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, United States of America
| | - Christopher W Kahler
- Center for Alcohol and Addiction Studies, Department of Behavioral and Social Sciences, Brown University School of Public Health, Providence, RI, United States of America
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Qian Y, Gui W, Ma F, Dong Q. Exploring features of social support in a Chinese online smoking cessation community: A multidimensional content analysis of user interaction data. Health Informatics J 2021; 27:14604582211021472. [PMID: 34082598 DOI: 10.1177/14604582211021472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Due to the rapid development of information technology, an increasing number of smokers choose online smoking cessation communities to interact with other individuals to help themselves quit smoking. Though it is well known that social support plays a key role in the process of smoking cessation, the features of social support that one can get from online smoking cessation communities remain unclear. We collected user interaction data from the largest Chinese online smoking cessation community, the quit smoking forum of Baidu Tieba. We selected 2758 replies from 29 active repliers and 408 correlated posts as our data set. Multidimensional content analysis is carried out from three aspects: posting scenarios, user quitting behavior stages, and types of social support. This article also explores the co-occurrence relationships of different types of social support by social network analysis. Results showed that users receive different compositions of social support in various posting scenarios and behavior stages. In most cases, emotional support is the most typical support the community provides. The community will provide more informational support when needed. Besides, informational support, especially personal experience and perceptual knowledge, has more diverse combination patterns with other types of social support. "Gratitude-Mutual assistance" and "Encouragement-Mutual assistance" are the most frequent co-occurrence relationships. The online smoking cessation community brings people who quit smoking together, and users provide rich types of social support for each other. Users can effectively obtain expected social support in different posting scenarios and smoking cessation stages. Smoking cessation projects should be designed to promote user communication and interaction, which positively affects achieving users' smoking cessation goals.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Qingxing Dong
- Wuhan University, China.,Central China Normal University, China
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9
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Alhussain A, Alodhayani A, Alshughaithry F, Aloqile S, Alowaimer S, Showail K, Basalem S. Smokers' perception, attitudes towards smoking cessation when visiting a smoker physician. JOURNAL OF NATURE AND SCIENCE OF MEDICINE 2021. [DOI: 10.4103/jnsm.jnsm_170_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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10
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Faro JM, Nagawa CS, Allison JA, Lemon SC, Mazor KM, Houston TK, Sadasivam RS. Comparison of a Collective Intelligence Tailored Messaging System on Smoking Cessation Between African American and White People Who Smoke: Quasi-Experimental Design. JMIR Mhealth Uhealth 2020; 8:e18064. [PMID: 32338619 PMCID: PMC7215495 DOI: 10.2196/18064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2020] [Revised: 03/16/2020] [Accepted: 03/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Patient Experience Recommender System for Persuasive Communication Tailoring (PERSPeCT) is a machine learning recommender system with a database of messages to motivate smoking cessation. PERSPeCT uses the collective intelligence of users (ie, preferences and feedback) and demographic and smoking profiles to select motivating messages. PERSPeCT may be more beneficial for tailoring content to minority groups influenced by complex, personally relevant factors. OBJECTIVE The objective of this study was to describe and evaluate the use of PERSPeCT in African American people who smoke compared with white people who smoke. METHODS Using a quasi-experimental design, we compared African American people who smoke with a historical cohort of white people who smoke, who both received up to 30 emailed tailored messages over 65 days. People who smoke rated the daily message in terms of perceived influence on quitting smoking for 30 days. Our primary analysis compared daily message ratings between the two groups using a t test. We used a logistic model to compare 30-day cessation between the two groups and adjusted for covariates. RESULTS The study included 119 people who smoke (African Americans, 55/119; whites, 64/119). At baseline, African American people who smoke were significantly more likely to report allowing smoking in the home (P=.002); all other characteristics were not significantly different between groups. Daily mean ratings were higher for African American than white people who smoke on 26 of the 30 days (P<.001). Odds of quitting as measured by 30-day cessation were significantly higher for African Americans (odds ratio 2.3, 95% CI 1.04-5.53; P=.03) and did not change after adjusting for allowing smoking at home. CONCLUSIONS Our study highlighted the potential of using a recommender system to personalize for African American people who smoke. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov NCT02200432; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02200432. INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT IDENTIFIER (IRRID) RR2-10.2196/jmir.6465.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jamie M Faro
- Department of Population and Quantitative Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, United States
| | - Catherine S Nagawa
- Department of Population and Quantitative Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, United States
| | - Jeroan A Allison
- Department of Population and Quantitative Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, United States
| | - Stephenie C Lemon
- Department of Population and Quantitative Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, United States
| | - Kathleen M Mazor
- School of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, United States.,Meyers Primary Care Institute, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, United States
| | - Thomas K Houston
- Section on General Internal Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, United States
| | - Rajani S Sadasivam
- Department of Population and Quantitative Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, United States
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11
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Patten CA, Fu S, Vickerman K, Bock MJ, Nelson D, Zhu SH, Balls-Berry JE, Torres AJ, Brockman TA, Hughes CA, Klein AE, Valdez-Soto M, Keller PA. Support person interventions to increase use of quitline services among racially diverse low-income smokers: A pilot study. Addict Behav Rep 2019; 9:100171. [PMID: 31193750 PMCID: PMC6542743 DOI: 10.1016/j.abrep.2019.100171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2018] [Revised: 02/08/2019] [Accepted: 02/10/2019] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Social support from nonsmokers may have a role in prompting smokers to use evidence-based cessation treatment. Prior studies found that an intervention for nonsmoking support persons (SPs) was effective for promoting smokers' use of free, state quitline services. This pilot study adapted and assessed feasibility of this intervention for a racially diverse, low-income population. METHODS Single group, non-randomized design enrolling SP-smoker dyads with low income status enrolled in one of three study "waves" of 10 pairs each. Participants were recruited using flyers and in-person outreach methods. The SP intervention included a 1-session coaching call and written materials; study waves 2 and 3 also included text messaging and a monetary incentive for smokers who used quitline services. Using content analysis, the intervention was iteratively adapted based on SP feedback. Baseline measures assessed socio-demographics, dyad and tobacco use characteristics. Follow-up assessments were conducted among SPs at 1-month follow-up and among smokers at 3-months follow-up. Feasibility indicators were recruitment, retention, and SP intervention acceptability and adherence. Secondary outcomes were smokers' use of any quitline service verified by quitline staff and 7-day, point prevalence, biochemically verified smoking abstinence at 3 months. RESULTS Recruitment of 30 dyads was feasible; in-person recruitment methods were the most successful. SPs who completed follow-up assessments found the intervention acceptable, suggesting only minor content modifications, and they perceived the quitline information as novel. But the study had some feasibility challenges (e.g., SP coaching call completion: 60% and SP study retention: 53%). At 3 months, 2 smokers (7%) had used any quitline service and 13% were biochemically confirmed smoking abstinent. CONCLUSIONS This pilot study demonstrated feasibility of recruiting SP-smoker dyads from diverse, low-income communities. While the intervention was well received, its delivery was not feasible in this population. Results suggest that further consumer adaptation of the intervention is needed among both SPs and smokers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christi A. Patten
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, Mayo Clinic, 200 First St SW, Rochester, MN 55905, United States
| | - Steven Fu
- Veterans Affairs HSR&D Center for Chronic Disease Outcomes Research, Minneapolis VA Health Care System, Mail code: 152, Bldg 9, One Veterans Drive, Minneapolis, MN 55417, United States
- Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota, One Veterans Drive, Minneapolis, MN 55417, United States
| | - Katrina Vickerman
- Optum Center for Wellbeing Research, Optum Health, 999 Third Ave, Seattle, WA 98104, United States
| | - Martha J. Bock
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, Mayo Clinic, 200 First St SW, Rochester, MN 55905, United States
| | - David Nelson
- Veterans Affairs HSR&D Center for Chronic Disease Outcomes Research, Minneapolis VA Health Care System, Mail code: 152, Bldg 9, One Veterans Drive, Minneapolis, MN 55417, United States
- Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota, One Veterans Drive, Minneapolis, MN 55417, United States
| | - Shu-Hong Zhu
- University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive #0905, La Jolla, CA 92093, United States
| | - Joyce E. Balls-Berry
- Center for Clinical and Translational Science Community Engagement Program, Mayo Clinic, 200 First St SW, Rochester, MN 55905, United States
| | - Alula Jimenez Torres
- Optum Center for Wellbeing Research, Optum Health, 999 Third Ave, Seattle, WA 98104, United States
| | - Tabetha A. Brockman
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, Mayo Clinic, 200 First St SW, Rochester, MN 55905, United States
- Center for Clinical and Translational Science Community Engagement Program, Mayo Clinic, 200 First St SW, Rochester, MN 55905, United States
| | - Christine A. Hughes
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, Mayo Clinic, 200 First St SW, Rochester, MN 55905, United States
| | - Abigail E. Klein
- Veterans Affairs HSR&D Center for Chronic Disease Outcomes Research, Minneapolis VA Health Care System, Mail code: 152, Bldg 9, One Veterans Drive, Minneapolis, MN 55417, United States
- Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota, One Veterans Drive, Minneapolis, MN 55417, United States
| | - Miguel Valdez-Soto
- Center for Clinical and Translational Science Community Engagement Program, Mayo Clinic, 200 First St SW, Rochester, MN 55905, United States
| | - Paula A. Keller
- ClearWay Minnesota℠, 8011 34th Ave S, Suite 400, Minneapolis, MN 55425, United States
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Aschbrenner KA, Bobak C, Schneider EJ, Naslund JA, Brunette MF, O’Malley AJ. Egocentric social networks and smoking among adults with serious mental illness. Transl Behav Med 2018; 8:531-539. [PMID: 30016519 PMCID: PMC6065543 DOI: 10.1093/tbm/ibx014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Evidence-based smoking cessation treatment is safe and effective for smokers with serious mental illness (SMI); however, quit rates remain low in this population. We explored how social networks influence smoking outcomes among people with SMI who participated in smoking cessation treatment at community mental health centers. We conducted egocentric social network interviews with 41 individuals with SMI who participated in a statewide Medicaid demonstration project of smoking cessation treatment. We estimated the proportions of current smokers, former smokers, and never smokers in participants' (i.e., egos') networks and examined support for quitting from alters, defined as family, friends, peers, or significant others. We used logistic regression and mixed-effect logistic regression to explore the relationship between social network variables and ego's smoking status following cessation treatment. Egos reported an average of 5.9 ± 2.2 alters; 52% of alters were current smokers; 18% were former smokers; and 30% never smoked. The majority (57%) of alters helped an ego quit smoking. The presence of former smokers in the network was associated with decreased odds that the ego was smoking post-treatment. Egos whose friends were highly interconnected were less likely to smoke after treatment. Former smokers in the network may be a valuable resource for quitting particularly for vulnerable groups where there is a high prevalence and acceptability of smoking. Our initial findings suggest that a highly interconnected friendship network structure may be beneficial for people with SMI who are trying to quit smoking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelly A Aschbrenner
- The Dartmouth Institute for Health Policy and Clinical Practice, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Lebanon, NH, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Lebanon, NH, USA
| | - Carly Bobak
- Program in Quantitative Biomedical Sciences, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Lebanon, NH, USA
| | | | - John A Naslund
- Department of Global Health and Social Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Mary F Brunette
- Department of Psychiatry, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Lebanon, NH, USA
| | - A James O’Malley
- The Dartmouth Institute for Health Policy and Clinical Practice, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Lebanon, NH, USA
- Department of Biomedical Data Science, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Lebanon, NH, USA
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Brockman TA, Patten CA, Lukowski A. Skill Sets for Family Members and Friends to Help Motivate a Smoker to Seek Treatment: Research to Practice. ADDICTION RESEARCH & THEORY 2018; 26:525-532. [PMID: 31787862 PMCID: PMC6884141 DOI: 10.1080/16066359.2018.1450872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2017] [Revised: 03/02/2018] [Accepted: 03/07/2018] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Translation of effective behavioral interventions is a key challenge for the addictions treatment field. With the goal of disseminating an effective behavioral intervention to practice, this narrative study describes tobacco cessation coaches' skills sets and provides an illustrative case study of a 1-session phone intervention between a coach and a concerned family member who wants to help their smoker quit. Delivered through a quitline by quitline coaches, the intervention consisted of a 15-30 minute phone session and written materials. The goal of the intervention was for family members and friends (support persons) to encourage their smoker to use a quitline. Data were collected from transcripts of 193 audiotapes of the one session phone intervention from a previous trial (Patten et al., In Print). Using content analysis, major themes regarding barriers and challenges within the sessions and coaches' solutions assisted in selecting case study illustrating the dialogue between a coach and a support person, as well as demonstrating the coaches' skill sets used to deliver the session. In addition, the barriers and challenges among support persons (i.e., uncertainty about how to approach the smoke, the smoker is not ready to quit) and the coaches' responses and suggestions are illustrated. These types of data could be useful to clinicians, providers and others interested in implementing a behavioral intervention for nonsmokers who want to support a smoker to quit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tabetha A. Brockman
- Center for Clinical and Translational Science; Office for Community Engagement in Research; Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN 55905; Phone: (507) 538-6625; Fax: (507) 266-2478
| | - Christi A Patten
- Department of Psychology and Psychiatry, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN 55905; Phone: (507) 538-7370;
| | - Amy Lukowski
- National Jewish Health; 1400 Jackson Street, Denver, CO, 80206; Phone: 877-225-5654;
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Motivational Benefits of Social Support and Behavioural Interventions for Smoking Cessation. J Smok Cessat 2018; 13:216-226. [PMID: 30984294 DOI: 10.1017/jsc.2017.26] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
This study examined the role of social support and behavioral interventions used during the last unsuccessful quit attempt for smokers' intentions to quit smoking within the next 6 months, and identified smokers' attributes associated with use of social support and behavioral interventions. The analytic sample included 7,195 adult daily smokers who responded to the 2010-2011 Tobacco Use Supplement to the Current Population Survey, conducted in the US, and indicated having a serious quit attempt in the past 12 months. Smokers who relied on social support from friends and family had higher odds of intending to quit than those who did not (OR= 1.39, 95% CI= 1.22:1.58), and smokers who used interventions had higher odds of intending to quit than those who did not (OR= 1.36, 95% CI= 1.07:1.74). These associations were similar for both sexes, all age groups, and nicotine dependence levels. Both, relying on social support and use of behavioral interventions were more common among smokers who were female, higher educated, residing in the Western US region, and those who used pharmacological aids for smoking cessation. Social support and behavioral interventions are associated with higher intentions to quit among attempters who relapsed and thus, may aid future smoking cessation.
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