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Werner B, Yadav S. Phosphoregulation of the septin cytoskeleton in neuronal development and disease. Cytoskeleton (Hoboken) 2023; 80:275-289. [PMID: 36127729 PMCID: PMC10025170 DOI: 10.1002/cm.21728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2022] [Revised: 08/13/2022] [Accepted: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Septins are highly conserved GTP-binding proteins that oligomerize and form higher order structures. The septin cytoskeleton plays an important role in cellular organization, intracellular transport, and cytokinesis. Kinase-mediated phosphorylation of septins regulates various aspects of their function, localization, and dynamics. Septins are enriched in the mammalian nervous system where they contribute to neurodevelopment and neuronal function. Emerging research has implicated aberrant changes in septin cytoskeleton in several human diseases. The mechanisms through which aberrant phosphorylation by kinases contributes to septin dysfunction in neurological disorders are poorly understood and represent an important question for future research with therapeutic implications. This review summarizes the current state of knowledge of the diversity of kinases that interact with and phosphorylate mammalian septins, delineates how phosphoregulation impacts septin dynamics, and describes how aberrant septin phosphorylation contributes to neurological disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bailey Werner
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Smita Yadav
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
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2
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Botchway BOA, Liu X, Zhou Y, Fang M. Biometals in Alzheimer disease: emerging therapeutic and diagnostic potential of molybdenum and iodine. J Transl Med 2023; 21:351. [PMID: 37244993 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-023-04220-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2023] [Accepted: 05/20/2023] [Indexed: 05/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The current ageing trend of the world population has, in part, accounted for Alzheimer disease (AD) being a public health issue in recent times. Although some progress has been made in clarifying AD-related pathophysiological mechanisms, effective intervention is still elusive. Biometals are indispensable to normal physiological functions of the human body-for example, neurogenesis and metabolism. However, their association with AD remains highly controversial. Copper (Cu) and zinc (Zn) are biometals that have been investigated at great length in relation to neurodegeneration, whereas less attention has been afforded to other trace biometals, such as molybdenum (Mo), and iodine. Given the above context, we reviewed the limited number of studies that have evidenced various effects following the usage of these two biometals in different investigative models of AD. Revisiting these biometals via thorough investigations, along with their biological mechanisms may present a solid foundation for not only the development of effective interventions, but also as diagnostic agents for AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benson O A Botchway
- Department of Neurology, Children's Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Centre for Child Health, Hangzhou, 310052, China
- Pharmacy Department, Bupa Cromwell Hospital, Kensington, London, SW5 0TU, UK
| | - Xuehong Liu
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Medical College, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yu Zhou
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Medical College, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing, Zhejiang, China
| | - Marong Fang
- Department of Neurology, Children's Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Centre for Child Health, Hangzhou, 310052, China.
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Andrés-Benito P, Íñigo-Marco I, Brullas M, Carmona M, del Rio JA, Fernández-Irigoyen J, Santamaría E, Povedano M, Ferrer I. Proteostatic modulation in brain aging without associated Alzheimer's disease-and age-related neuropathological changes. Aging (Albany NY) 2023; 15:3295-3330. [PMID: 37179123 PMCID: PMC10449282 DOI: 10.18632/aging.204698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
AIMS (Phospho)proteomics of old-aged subjects without cognitive or behavioral symptoms, and without AD-neuropathological changes and lacking any other neurodegenerative alteration will increase understanding about the physiological state of human brain aging without associate neurological deficits and neuropathological lesions. METHODS (Phospho)proteomics using conventional label-free- and SWATH-MS (Sequential window acquisition of all theoretical fragment ion spectra mass spectrometry) has been assessed in the frontal cortex (FC) of individuals without NFTs, senile plaques (SPs) and age-related co-morbidities classified by age (years) in four groups; group 1 (young, 30-44); group 2 (middle-aged: MA, 45-52); group 3 (early-elderly, 64-70); and group 4 (late-elderly, 75-85). RESULTS Protein levels and deregulated protein phosphorylation linked to similar biological terms/functions, but involving different individual proteins, are found in FC with age. The modified expression occurs in cytoskeleton proteins, membranes, synapses, vesicles, myelin, membrane transport and ion channels, DNA and RNA metabolism, ubiquitin-proteasome-system (UPS), kinases and phosphatases, fatty acid metabolism, and mitochondria. Dysregulated phosphoproteins are associated with the cytoskeleton, including microfilaments, actin-binding proteins, intermediate filaments of neurons and glial cells, and microtubules; membrane proteins, synapses, and dense core vesicles; kinases and phosphatases; proteins linked to DNA and RNA; members of the UPS; GTPase regulation; inflammation; and lipid metabolism. Noteworthy, protein levels of large clusters of hierarchically-related protein expression levels are stable until 70. However, protein levels of components of cell membranes, vesicles and synapses, RNA modulation, and cellular structures (including tau and tubulin filaments) are markedly altered from the age of 75. Similarly, marked modifications occur in the larger phosphoprotein clusters involving cytoskeleton and neuronal structures, membrane stabilization, and kinase regulation in the late elderly. CONCLUSIONS Present findings may increase understanding of human brain proteostasis modifications in the elderly in the subpopulation of individuals not having AD neuropathological change and any other neurodegenerative change in any telencephalon region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pol Andrés-Benito
- Neurologic Diseases and Neurogenetics Group - Bellvitge Institute for Biomedical Research (IDIBE LL), L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona 08907, Spain
- CIBERNED (Network Centre of Biomedical Research of Neurodegenerative Diseases), Institute of Health Carlos III, L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona 08907, Spain
| | - Ignacio Íñigo-Marco
- Clinical Neuroproteomics Unit, Proteomics Platform, Proteored-ISCIII, Navarrabiomed, Complejo Hospitalario de Navarra (CHN), Universidad Pública de Navarra (UPNA), diSNA, Pamplona 31008, Spain
| | - Marta Brullas
- CIBERNED (Network Centre of Biomedical Research of Neurodegenerative Diseases), Institute of Health Carlos III, L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona 08907, Spain
- Neuropathology Group, Institute of Biomedical Research, IDIBELL, L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona 08907, Spain
| | - Margarita Carmona
- CIBERNED (Network Centre of Biomedical Research of Neurodegenerative Diseases), Institute of Health Carlos III, L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona 08907, Spain
- Neuropathology Group, Institute of Biomedical Research, IDIBELL, L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona 08907, Spain
| | - José Antonio del Rio
- CIBERNED (Network Centre of Biomedical Research of Neurodegenerative Diseases), Institute of Health Carlos III, L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona 08907, Spain
- Molecular and Cellular Neurobiotechnology Group, Institute of Bioengineering of Catalonia (IBEC), Barcelona Institute for Science and Technology, Science Park Barcelona (PCB), Barcelona 08028, Spain
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Faculty of Biology, University of Barcelona, Barcelona 08007, Spain
| | - Joaquín Fernández-Irigoyen
- Clinical Neuroproteomics Unit, Proteomics Platform, Proteored-ISCIII, Navarrabiomed, Complejo Hospitalario de Navarra (CHN), Universidad Pública de Navarra (UPNA), diSNA, Pamplona 31008, Spain
| | - Enrique Santamaría
- Clinical Neuroproteomics Unit, Proteomics Platform, Proteored-ISCIII, Navarrabiomed, Complejo Hospitalario de Navarra (CHN), Universidad Pública de Navarra (UPNA), diSNA, Pamplona 31008, Spain
| | - Mónica Povedano
- Neurologic Diseases and Neurogenetics Group - Bellvitge Institute for Biomedical Research (IDIBE LL), L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona 08907, Spain
- CIBERNED (Network Centre of Biomedical Research of Neurodegenerative Diseases), Institute of Health Carlos III, L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona 08907, Spain
| | - Isidro Ferrer
- CIBERNED (Network Centre of Biomedical Research of Neurodegenerative Diseases), Institute of Health Carlos III, L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona 08907, Spain
- Neuropathology Group, Institute of Biomedical Research, IDIBELL, L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona 08907, Spain
- Department of Pathology and Experimental Therapeutics, University of Barcelona, L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona 08907, Spain
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I F. The unique neuropathological vulnerability of the human brain to aging. Ageing Res Rev 2023; 87:101916. [PMID: 36990284 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2023.101916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Revised: 03/19/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD)-related neurofibrillary tangles (NFT), argyrophilic grain disease (AGD), aging-related tau astrogliopathy (ARTAG), limbic predominant TDP-43 proteinopathy (LATE), and amygdala-predominant Lewy body disease (LBD) are proteinopathies that, together with hippocampal sclerosis, progressively appear in the elderly affecting from 50% to 99% of individuals aged 80 years, depending on the disease. These disorders usually converge on the same subject and associate with additive cognitive impairment. Abnormal Tau, TDP-43, and α-synuclein pathologies progress following a pattern consistent with an active cell-to-cell transmission and abnormal protein processing in the host cell. However, cell vulnerability and transmission pathways are specific for each disorder, albeit abnormal proteins may co-localize in particular neurons. All these alterations are unique or highly prevalent in humans. They all affect, at first, the archicortex and paleocortex to extend at later stages to the neocortex and other regions of the telencephalon. These observations show that the phylogenetically oldest areas of the human cerebral cortex and amygdala are not designed to cope with the lifespan of actual humans. New strategies aimed at reducing the functional overload of the human telencephalon, including optimization of dream repair mechanisms and implementation of artificial circuit devices to surrogate specific brain functions, appear promising.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ferrer I
- Department of Pathology and Experimental Therapeutics, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Emeritus Researcher of the Bellvitge Institute of Biomedical Research (IDIBELL), Barcelona, Spain; Biomedical Research Network of Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Barcelona, Spain; Institute of Neurosciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain.
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Mechanisms of Mitochondrial Apoptosis-Mediated Meat Tenderization Based on Quantitative Phosphoproteomic Analysis. Foods 2022; 11:foods11233751. [PMID: 36496558 PMCID: PMC9741025 DOI: 10.3390/foods11233751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2022] [Revised: 11/13/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
This study investigates the mechanism of phosphorylation in the regulation of apoptosis-mediated meat tenderization during postmortem aging. The results found that the pork muscle exhibited apoptotic potential at early postmortem (48 h) and showed more tenderness at late postmortem, as evidenced by the increase in mitochondrial membrane permeability (MMP), Ca2+ level, reactive oxygen species (ROS) content, and caspases activity at 0 h to 48 h, and decreases in ATP level at 0 h to 24 h and shear force at 12 h to 120 h (p < 0.05). Phosphoproteomic analysis revealed that phosphorylation regulated apoptosis by modulating ATP and calcium bindings as well as apoptotic signaling, which occurred within early 12 h and mainly occurred at 12 h to 48 h postmortem. Moreover, differential expression of phosphoproteins demonstrated that phosphorylation regulated oxidative stress-induced apoptosis and rigor mortis, thereby promoting the development of meat tenderness. Our results provide insights into the roles of phosphorylation in various physiological processes that affect meat tenderness.
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Yu W, Yin H, Sun Y, Shi S, Li J, Wang X. The attenuation effect of potassium 2-(1-hydroxypentyl)-benzoate in a mouse model of diabetes-associated cognitive decline: The protein expression in the brain. CNS Neurosci Ther 2022; 28:1108-1123. [PMID: 35445545 PMCID: PMC9160457 DOI: 10.1111/cns.13847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2021] [Revised: 09/16/2021] [Accepted: 09/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Aims dl‐PHPB (potassium 2‐(1‐hydroxypentyl)‐benzoate) has been shown to have neuroprotective effects against acute cerebral ischemia, vascular dementia, and Alzheimer's disease. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of dl‐PHPB on memory deficits and preliminarily explore the underlying molecular mechanism. Methods Blood glucose and behavioral performance were evaluated in the KK‐Ay diabetic mouse model before and after dl‐PHPB administration. Two‐dimensional difference gel electrophoresis (2D‐DIGE)‐based proteomics was used to identify differentially expressed proteins in brain tissue. Western blotting was used to study the molecular mechanism of the related signaling pathways. Results Three‐month‐old KK‐Ay mice were given 150 mg/kg dl‐PHPB by oral gavage for 2 months, which produced no effect on the level of serum glucose. In the Morris water maze test, KK‐Ay mice treated with dl‐PHPB showed significant improvements in spatial learning and memory deficits compared with vehicle‐treated KK‐Ay mice. Additionally, we performed 2D‐DIGE to compare brain proteomes of 5‐month KK‐Ay mice treated with and without dl‐PHPB. We found 14 altered proteins in the cortex and 11 in the hippocampus; two of the 25 altered proteins and another four proteins that were identified in a previous study on KK‐Ay mice were then validated by western blot to further confirm whether dl‐PHPB can reverse the expression levels of these proteins. The phosphoinositide 3‐kinase/protein kinase B/glycogen synthase kinase‐3β (PI3K/Akt/GSK‐3β) signaling pathway was also changed in KK‐Ay mice and dl‐PHPB treatment could reverse it. Conclusions These results indicate that dl‐PHPB may play a potential role in diabetes‐associated cognitive impairment through PI3K/Akt/GSK‐3β signaling pathway and the differentially expressed proteins may become putative therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenwen Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Department of Pharmacology, Institute of materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Huajing Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Department of Pharmacology, Institute of materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yingni Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Department of Pharmacology, Institute of materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Si Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Department of Pharmacology, Institute of materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Jiang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Department of Pharmacology, Institute of materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoliang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Department of Pharmacology, Institute of materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
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Andrés-Benito P, Carmona M, Pirla MJ, Torrejón-Escribano B, Del Rio JA, Ferrer I. Dysregulated Protein Phosphorylation as Main Contributor of Granulovacuolar Degeneration at the First Stages of Neurofibrillary Tangles Pathology. Neuroscience 2021; 518:119-140. [PMID: 34757172 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2021.10.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2021] [Revised: 10/19/2021] [Accepted: 10/21/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The hippocampus of cases with neurofibrillary tangles (NFT) pathology classified as stages I-II, III-IV, and V-VI without comorbidities, and middle-aged (MA) individuals with no NFT pathology, were examined to learn about the composition of granulovacuolar degeneration (GVD). Our results confirm the presence of CK1-δ, p38-P Thr180/Tyr182, SAPK/JNK-P Thr183/Thr185, GSK-3α/β-P Tyr279/Tyr216, and GSK-3β Ser9 in the cytoplasmic granules in a subset of neurons of the CA1 and CA2 subfields of the hippocampus. Also, we identify the presence of PKA α/β-P Thr197, SRC-P Tyr416, PAK1-P Ser199/Ser204, CAMK2A-P Tyr197, and PKCG-P Thr655 in cytoplasmic granules in cases with NFT pathology, but not in MA cases. Our results also confirm the presence of β-catenin-P Ser45/Thr41, IREα-P Ser274, eIF2α-P Ser51, TDP-43-P Ser403-404 (but absent TDP-43), and ubiquitin in cytoplasmic granules. Other components of the cytoplasmic granules are MAP2-P Thr1620/1623, MAP1B-P Thr1265, ADD1-P Ser726, and ADD1/ADD1-P Ser726/Ser713, in addition to several tau species including 3Rtau, 4Rtau, and tau-P Ser262. The analysis of GVD at progressive stages of NFT pathology reveals the early appearance of phosphorylated kinases and proteins in cytoplasmic granules at stages I-II, before the appearance of pre-tangles and NFTs. Most of these granules are not surrounded by LAMP1-positive membranes. Markers of impaired ubiquitin-protesome system, abnormal reticulum stress response, and altered endocytic and autophagic pathways occur in a subpopulation of neurons containing cytoplasmic granules, and they appear later. These observations suggest early phosphorylation of kinases leading to their activation, and resulting in the abnormal phosphorylation of various substrates, including tau, as a main alteration at the first stages of GVD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pol Andrés-Benito
- Department of Pathology and Experimental Therapeutics, University of Barcelona, CIBERNED (Network Centre of Biomedical Research of Neurodegenerative Diseases), Institute of Health Carlos III, Bellvitge University Hospital/Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Margarita Carmona
- Department of Pathology and Experimental Therapeutics, University of Barcelona, CIBERNED (Network Centre of Biomedical Research of Neurodegenerative Diseases), Institute of Health Carlos III, Bellvitge University Hospital/Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Mónica Jordán Pirla
- Department of Pathology and Experimental Therapeutics, University of Barcelona, CIBERNED (Network Centre of Biomedical Research of Neurodegenerative Diseases), Institute of Health Carlos III, Bellvitge University Hospital/Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Benjamín Torrejón-Escribano
- Advanced Light Microscopy Unit (Campus de Bellvitge), Scientific and Technical Facility (CCiTUB), University of Barcelona, Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain.
| | - José Antonio Del Rio
- Molecular and Cellular Neurobiotechnology, Institute of Bioengineering of Catalonia (IBEC), Barcelona Institute for Science and Technology, Science Park Barcelona (PCB), Barcelona, Spain; Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Faculty of Biology, University of Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Isidro Ferrer
- Department of Pathology and Experimental Therapeutics, University of Barcelona, CIBERNED (Network Centre of Biomedical Research of Neurodegenerative Diseases), Institute of Health Carlos III, Bellvitge University Hospital/Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain.
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8
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Ferrer I, Andrés-Benito P, Ausín K, Pamplona R, Del Rio JA, Fernández-Irigoyen J, Santamaría E. Dysregulated protein phosphorylation: A determining condition in the continuum of brain aging and Alzheimer's disease. Brain Pathol 2021; 31:e12996. [PMID: 34218486 PMCID: PMC8549032 DOI: 10.1111/bpa.12996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2021] [Revised: 05/26/2021] [Accepted: 05/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Tau hyperphosphorylation is the first step of neurofibrillary tangle (NFT) formation. In the present study, samples of the entorhinal cortex (EC) and frontal cortex area 8 (FC) of cases with NFT pathology classified as stages I-II, III-IV, and V-VI without comorbidities, and of middle-aged (MA) individuals with no NFT pathology, were analyzed by conventional label-free and SWATH-MS (sequential window acquisition of all theoretical fragment ion spectra mass spectrometry) to assess the (phospho)proteomes. The total number of identified dysregulated phosphoproteins was 214 in the EC, 65 of which were dysregulated at the first stages (I-II) of NFT pathology; 167 phosphoproteins were dysregulated in the FC, 81 of them at stages I-II of NFT pathology. A large percentage of dysregulated phosphoproteins were identified in the two regions and at different stages of NFT progression. The main group of dysregulated phosphoproteins was made up of components of the membranes, cytoskeleton, synapses, proteins linked to membrane transport and ion channels, and kinases. The present results show abnormal phosphorylation of proteins at the first stages of NFT pathology in the elderly (in individuals clinically considered representative of normal aging) and sporadic Alzheimer's disease (sAD). Dysregulated protein phosphorylation in the FC precedes the formation of NFTs and SPs. The most active period of dysregulated phosphorylation is at stages III-IV when a subpopulation of individuals might be clinically categorized as suffering from mild cognitive impairment which is a preceding determinant stage in the progression to dementia. Altered phosphorylation of selected proteins, carried out by activation of several kinases, may alter membrane and cytoskeletal functions, among them synaptic transmission and membrane/cytoskeleton signaling. Besides their implications in sAD, the present observations suggest a molecular substrate for "benign" cognitive deterioration in "normal" brain aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isidro Ferrer
- Department of Pathology and Experimental Therapeutics, University of Barcelona, Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain.,CIBERNED (Network Centre of Biomedical Research of Neurodegenerative Diseases), Institute of Health Carlos III, Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain.,Bellvitge University Hospital, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL, Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain
| | - Pol Andrés-Benito
- Department of Pathology and Experimental Therapeutics, University of Barcelona, Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain.,CIBERNED (Network Centre of Biomedical Research of Neurodegenerative Diseases), Institute of Health Carlos III, Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain.,Bellvitge University Hospital, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL, Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain
| | - Karina Ausín
- Clinical Neuroproteomics Unit, Proteomics Platform, Proteored-ISCIII, Navarrabiomed, Complejo Hospitalario de Navarra (CHN), Universidad Pública de Navarra (UPNA, IdiSNA, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Reinald Pamplona
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Lleida-Biomedical Research Institute of Lleida (UdL-IRBLleida, Lleida, Spain
| | - José Antonio Del Rio
- Molecular and Cellular Neurobiotechnology, Institute of Bioengineering of Catalonia (IBEC), Barcelona Institute for Science and Technology, Science Park Barcelona (PCB, Barcelona, Spain.,Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Faculty of Biology, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Joaquín Fernández-Irigoyen
- Clinical Neuroproteomics Unit, Proteomics Platform, Proteored-ISCIII, Navarrabiomed, Complejo Hospitalario de Navarra (CHN), Universidad Pública de Navarra (UPNA, IdiSNA, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Enrique Santamaría
- Clinical Neuroproteomics Unit, Proteomics Platform, Proteored-ISCIII, Navarrabiomed, Complejo Hospitalario de Navarra (CHN), Universidad Pública de Navarra (UPNA, IdiSNA, Pamplona, Spain
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Coppedè F. One-carbon epigenetics and redox biology of neurodegeneration. Free Radic Biol Med 2021; 170:19-33. [PMID: 33307166 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2020.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2020] [Revised: 12/01/2020] [Accepted: 12/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
One-carbon metabolism provides the methyl groups for both DNA and histone tail methylation reactions, two of the main epigenetic processes that tightly regulate the chromatin structure and gene expression levels. Several enzymes involved in one-carbon metabolism, as well as several epigenetic enzymes, are regulated by intracellular metabolites and redox cofactors, but their expression levels are in turn regulated by epigenetic modifications, in such a way that metabolism and gene expression reciprocally regulate each other to maintain homeostasis and regulate cell growth, survival, differentiation and response to environmental stimuli. Increasing evidence highlights the contribution of impaired one-carbon metabolism and epigenetic modifications in neurodegeneration. This article provides an overview of DNA and histone tail methylation changes in major neurodegenerative disorders, namely Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, discussing the contribution of oxidative stress and impaired one-carbon and redox metabolism to their onset and progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabio Coppedè
- Department of Translational Research and of New Surgical and Medical Technologies, University of Pisa, Via Roma 55, 56126, Pisa, Italy.
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10
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Quantitative phosphoproteomics uncovers dysregulated kinase networks in Alzheimer’s disease. NATURE AGING 2021; 1:550-565. [PMID: 37117831 DOI: 10.1038/s43587-021-00071-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2020] [Accepted: 04/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a form of dementia characterized by amyloid-β plaques and tau neurofibrillary tangles that progressively disrupt neural circuits in the brain. The signaling networks underlying AD pathological changes are poorly characterized at the phosphoproteome level. Using mass spectrometry, we analyzed the proteome and tyrosine, serine and threonine phosphoproteomes of temporal cortex tissue from patients with AD and aged-matched controls. We identified cocorrelated peptide clusters that were linked to varying levels of phospho-tau, oligodendrocyte, astrocyte, microglia and neuron pathologies. We found that neuronal synaptic protein abundances were strongly anti-correlated with markers of microglial reactivity. We also observed that phosphorylation sites on kinases targeting tau and other new signaling factors were correlated with these peptide modules. Finally, we used data-driven statistical modeling to identify individual peptides and peptide clusters that were predictive of AD histopathologies. Together, these results build a map of pathology-associated phosphorylation signaling events occurring in AD.
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Jain AP, Sathe G. Proteomics Landscape of Alzheimer's Disease. Proteomes 2021; 9:proteomes9010013. [PMID: 33801961 PMCID: PMC8005944 DOI: 10.3390/proteomes9010013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2021] [Revised: 03/02/2021] [Accepted: 03/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the most prevalent form of dementia, and the numbers of AD patients are expected to increase as human life expectancy improves. Deposition of β-amyloid protein (Aβ) in the extracellular matrix and intracellular neurofibrillary tangles are molecular hallmarks of the disease. Since the precise pathophysiology of AD has not been elucidated yet, effective treatment is not available. Thus, understanding the disease pathology, as well as identification and development of valid biomarkers, is imperative for early diagnosis as well as for monitoring disease progression and therapeutic responses. Keeping this goal in mind several studies using quantitative proteomics platform have been carried out on both clinical specimens including the brain, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), plasma and on animal models of AD. In this review, we summarize the mass spectrometry (MS)-based proteomics studies on AD and discuss the discovery as well as validation stages in brief to identify candidate biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ankit P. Jain
- Institute of Bioinformatics, International Technology Park, Bangalore 560066, India;
| | - Gajanan Sathe
- Institute of Bioinformatics, International Technology Park, Bangalore 560066, India;
- Manipal Academy of Higher Education (MAHE), Manipal 576104, India
- Correspondence:
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Stepler KE, Mahoney ER, Kofler J, Hohman TJ, Lopez OL, Robinson RAS. Inclusion of African American/Black adults in a pilot brain proteomics study of Alzheimer's disease. Neurobiol Dis 2020; 146:105129. [PMID: 33049317 PMCID: PMC7990397 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2020.105129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2020] [Accepted: 10/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) disproportionately affects certain racial and ethnic subgroups, such as African American/Black and Hispanic adults. Genetic, comorbid, and socioeconomic risk factors contribute to this disparity; however, the molecular contributions have been largely unexplored. Herein, we conducted a pilot proteomics study of postmortem brains from African American/Black and non-Hispanic White adults neuropathologically diagnosed with AD compared to closely-matched cognitively normal individuals. Examination of hippocampus, inferior parietal lobule, and globus pallidus regions using quantitative proteomics resulted in 568 differentially-expressed proteins in AD. These proteins were consistent with the literature and included glial fibrillary acidic protein, peroxiredoxin-1, and annexin A5. In addition, 351 novel proteins in AD were identified, which could partially be due to cohort diversity. From linear regression analyses, we identified 185 proteins with significant race x diagnosis interactions across various brain regions. These differences generally were reflective of differential expression of proteins in AD that occurred in only a single racial/ethnic group. Overall, this pilot study suggests that disease understanding can be furthered by including diversity in racial/ethnic groups; however, this must be done on a larger scale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaitlyn E Stepler
- Department of Chemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37235, United States of America
| | - Emily R Mahoney
- Vanderbilt Memory & Alzheimer's Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37212, United States of America; Vanderbilt Genetics Institute, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, United States of America
| | - Julia Kofler
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, United States of America
| | - Timothy J Hohman
- Vanderbilt Memory & Alzheimer's Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37212, United States of America; Vanderbilt Genetics Institute, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, United States of America; Department of Neurology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, United States of America; Vanderbilt Brain Institute, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, United States of America
| | - Oscar L Lopez
- Department of Neurology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, United States of America; Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, United States of America
| | - Renã A S Robinson
- Department of Chemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37235, United States of America; Vanderbilt Memory & Alzheimer's Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37212, United States of America; Department of Neurology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, United States of America; Vanderbilt Brain Institute, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, United States of America; Vanderbilt Institute of Chemical Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, United States of America.
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13
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Yawei Z, Xiuyun G, Jamali MA, Rui F, Zengqi P. Influence of l-histidine and l-lysine on the phosphorylation of myofibrillar and sarcoplasmic proteins from chicken breast in response to salting. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2020.110125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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14
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Ferrer I, Andrés-Benito P, Zelaya MV, Aguirre MEE, Carmona M, Ausín K, Lachén-Montes M, Fernández-Irigoyen J, Santamaría E, del Rio JA. Familial globular glial tauopathy linked to MAPT mutations: molecular neuropathology and seeding capacity of a prototypical mixed neuronal and glial tauopathy. Acta Neuropathol 2020; 139:735-771. [PMID: 31907603 PMCID: PMC7096369 DOI: 10.1007/s00401-019-02122-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2019] [Revised: 12/23/2019] [Accepted: 12/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Globular glial tauopathy (GGT) is a progressive neurodegenerative disease involving the grey matter and white matter (WM) and characterized by neuronal deposition of hyper-phosphorylated, abnormally conformed, truncated, oligomeric 4Rtau in neurons and in glial cells forming typical globular astrocyte and oligodendrocyte inclusions (GAIs and GOIs, respectively) and coiled bodies. Present studies centre on four genetic GGT cases from two unrelated families bearing the P301T mutation in MAPT and one case of sporadic GGT (sGGT) and one case of GGT linked to MAPT K317M mutation, for comparative purposes. Clinical and neuropathological manifestations and biochemical profiles of phospho-tau are subjected to individual variations in patients carrying the same mutation, even in carriers of the same family, independently of the age of onset, gender, and duration of the disease. Immunohistochemistry, western blotting, transcriptomic, proteomics and phosphoproteomics, and intra-cerebral inoculation of brain homogenates to wild-type (WT) mice were the methods employed. In GGT cases linked to MAPT P301T mutation, astrocyte markers GFAP, ALDH1L1, YKL40 mRNA and protein, GJA1 mRNA, and AQ4 protein are significantly increased; glutamate transporter GLT1 (EAAT2) and glucose transporter (SLC2A1) decreased; mitochondrial pyruvate carrier 1 (MPC1) increased, and mitochondrial uncoupling protein 5 (UCP5) almost absent in GAIs in frontal cortex (FC). Expression of oligodendrocyte markers OLIG1 and OLIG2mRNA, and myelin-related genes MBP, PLP1, CNP, MAG, MAL, MOG, and MOBP are significantly decreased in WM; CNPase, PLP1, and MBP antibodies reveal reduction and disruption of myelinated fibres; and SMI31 antibodies mark axonal damage in the WM. Altered expression of AQ4, GLUC-t, and GLT-1 is also observed in sGGT and in GGT linked to MAPT K317M mutation. These alterations point to primary astrogliopathy and oligodendrogliopathy in GGT. In addition, GGT linked to MAPT P301T mutation proteotypes unveil a proteostatic imbalance due to widespread (phospho)proteomic dearrangement in the FC and WM, triggering a disruption of neuron projection morphogenesis and synaptic transmission. Identification of hyper-phosphorylation of variegated proteins calls into question the concept of phospho-tau-only alteration in the pathogenesis of GGT. Finally, unilateral inoculation of sarkosyl-insoluble fractions of GGT homogenates from GGT linked to MAPT P301T, sGGT, and GGT linked to MAPT K317M mutation in the hippocampus, corpus callosum, or caudate/putamen in wild-type mice produces seeding, and time- and region-dependent spreading of phosphorylated, non-oligomeric, and non-truncated 4Rtau and 3Rtau, without GAIs and GOIs but only of coiled bodies. These experiments prove that host tau strains are important in the modulation of cellular vulnerability and phenotypes of phospho-tau aggregates.
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Sathe G, Mangalaparthi KK, Jain A, Darrow J, Troncoso J, Albert M, Moghekar A, Pandey A. Multiplexed Phosphoproteomic Study of Brain in Patients with Alzheimer's Disease and Age-Matched Cognitively Healthy Controls. OMICS-A JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE BIOLOGY 2020; 24:216-227. [PMID: 32182160 DOI: 10.1089/omi.2019.0191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common neurodegenerative disorder caused by neuronal loss that results in cognitive and functional impairment. Formation of neurofibrillary tangles composed of abnormal hyperphosphorylation of tau protein is one of the major pathological hallmarks of AD. Importantly, several neurodegenerative disorders, including AD, are associated with abnormal protein phosphorylation events. However, little is known thus far on global protein phosphorylation changes in AD. We report a phosphoproteomics study examining the frontal gyrus of people with AD and age-matched cognitively normal subjects, using tandem mass tag (TMT) multiplexing technology along with immobilized metal affinity chromatography to enrich phosphopeptides. We identified 4631 phosphopeptides corresponding to 1821 proteins with liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (MS)/MS analysis on an Orbitrap Fusion Lumos Tribrid mass spectrometer. Of these, 504 phosphopeptides corresponding to 350 proteins were significantly altered in the AD brain: 389 phosphopeptides increased whereas 115 phosphopeptides decreased phosphorylation. We observed significant changes in phosphorylation of known as well as novel molecules. Using targeted parallel reaction monitoring experiments, we validated the phosphorylation of microtubule-associated protein tau and myristoylated alanine-rich protein kinase C substrate (MARCKS) in control and AD (Control = 6, AD = 11) brain samples. In conclusion, our study provides new evidence on alteration of RNA processing and splicing, neurogenesis and neuronal development, and metabotropic glutamate receptor 5 (GRM5) calcium signaling pathways in the AD brain, and it thus offers new insights to accelerate diagnostics and therapeutics innovation in AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gajanan Sathe
- Center for Molecular Medicine, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS), Bangalore, India.,Institute of Bioinformatics, Bangalore, India.,McKusick-Nathans Institute of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland.,Manipal Academy of Higher Education (MAHE), Manipal, India
| | | | - Ankit Jain
- Institute of Bioinformatics, Bangalore, India
| | - Jacqueline Darrow
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Juan Troncoso
- Department of Pathology and Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Marilyn Albert
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Abhay Moghekar
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Akhilesh Pandey
- Center for Molecular Medicine, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS), Bangalore, India.,Institute of Bioinformatics, Bangalore, India.,McKusick-Nathans Institute of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland.,Manipal Academy of Higher Education (MAHE), Manipal, India.,Department of Biological Chemistry, Pathology and Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
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16
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Xu Y, Xiao G, Liu L, Lang M. Zinc transporters in Alzheimer's disease. Mol Brain 2019; 12:106. [PMID: 31818314 PMCID: PMC6902570 DOI: 10.1186/s13041-019-0528-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2019] [Accepted: 11/26/2019] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the most devastating neurodegenerative disorder. Due to the increase in population and longevity, incidence will triple by the middle of the twenty-first century. So far, no treatment has prevented or reversed the disease. More than 20 years of multidisciplinary studies have shown that brain zinc dyshomeostasis may play a critical role in AD progression, which provides encouraging clues for metal-targeted therapies in the treatment of AD. Unfortunately, the pilot clinical application of zinc chelator and/or ionophore strategy, such as the use of quinoline-based compounds, namely clioquinol and PBT2, has not yet been successful. The emerging findings revealed a list of key zinc transporters whose mRNA or protein levels were abnormally altered at different stages of AD brains. Furthermore, specifically modulating the expression of some of the zinc transporters in the central nervous system through genetic methods slowed down or prevented AD progression in animal models, resulting in significantly improved cognitive performance, movement, and prolonged lifespan. Although the underlying molecular mechanisms are not yet fully understood, it shed new light on the treatment or prevention of the disease. This review considers recent advances regarding AD, zinc and zinc transporters, recapitulating their relationships in extending our current understanding of the disease amelioration effects of zinc transport proteins as potential therapeutic targets to cure AD, and it may also provide new insights to identify novel therapeutic strategies for ageing and other neurodegenerative diseases, such as Huntington’s and Parkinson’s disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingshuo Xu
- CAS Center for Excellence in Biotic Interactions, College of Life Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Guiran Xiao
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, 230009, China
| | - Li Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Science, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Minglin Lang
- CAS Center for Excellence in Biotic Interactions, College of Life Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China. .,College of Life Science, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, 071001, China.
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17
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Butterfield DA. Phosphoproteomics of Alzheimer disease brain: Insights into altered brain protein regulation of critical neuronal functions and their contributions to subsequent cognitive loss. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2019; 1865:2031-2039. [PMID: 31167728 PMCID: PMC6602546 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2018.08.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2018] [Revised: 08/22/2018] [Accepted: 08/25/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Alzheimer disease (AD) is the major locus of dementia worldwide. In the USA there are nearly 6 million persons with this disorder, and estimates of 13-20 million AD cases in the next three decades. The molecular bases for AD remain unknown, though processes involving amyloid beta-peptide as small oligomeric forms are gaining attention as known agents to both lead to oxidative stress and synaptic dysfunction associated with cognitive dysfunction in AD and its earlier forms, including amnestic mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and possibly preclinical Alzheimer disease (PCAD). Altered brain protein phosphorylation is a hallmark of AD, and phosphoproteomics offers an opportunity to identify these altered phosphoproteins in order to gain more insights into molecular mechanisms of neuronal dysfunction and death that lead to cognitive loss. This paper reviews what, to this author, are believed to be the known phosphoproteomics studies related to in vitro and in vivo models of AD as well as phosphoproteomics studies of brains from subjects with AD, and in at least one case in MCI and PCAD as well. The results of this review are discussed with relevance to new insights into AD brain protein dysregulation in critical neuronal functions and to potential therapeutic targets to slow, or in favorable cases, halt progression of this dementing disorder that affects millions of persons and their families worldwide.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Allan Butterfield
- Department of Chemistry and Sanders-Brown Center on Aging, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40506, USA.
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18
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Proteomic signatures of brain regions affected by tau pathology in early and late stages of Alzheimer's disease. Neurobiol Dis 2019; 130:104509. [PMID: 31207390 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2019.104509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2018] [Revised: 05/17/2019] [Accepted: 06/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common neurodegenerative disorder. Depositions of amyloid β peptide (Aβ) and tau protein are among the major pathological hallmarks of AD. Aβ and tau burden follows predictable spatial patterns during the progression of AD. Nevertheless, it remains obscure why certain brain regions are more vulnerable than others; to investigate this and dysregulated pathways during AD progression, a mass spectrometry-based proteomics study was performed. METHODS In total 103 tissue samples from regions early (entorhinal and parahippocampal cortices - medial temporal lobe (MTL)) and late affected (temporal and frontal cortices - neocortex) by tau pathology were subjected to label-free quantitative proteomics analysis. RESULTS Considering dysregulated proteins during AD progression, the majority (625 out of 737 proteins) was region specific, while some proteins were shared between regions (101 proteins altered in two areas and 11 proteins altered in three areas). Analogously, many dysregulated pathways during disease progression were exclusive to certain regions, but a few pathways altered in two or more areas. Changes in protein expression indicate that synapse loss occurred in all analyzed regions, while translation dysregulation was preponderant in entorhinal, parahippocampal and frontal cortices. Oxidative phosphorylation impairment was prominent in MTL. Differential proteomic analysis of brain areas in health state (controls) showed higher metabolism and increased expression of AD-related proteins in the MTL compared to the neocortex. In addition, several proteins that differentiate brain regions in control tissue were dysregulated in AD. CONCLUSIONS This work provides the comparison of proteomic changes in brain regions affected by tau pathology at different stages of AD. Although we identified commonly regulated proteins and pathways during disease advancement, we found that the dysregulated processes are predominantly region specific. In addition, a distinct proteomic signature was found between MTL and neocortex in healthy subjects that might be related to AD vulnerability. These findings highlight the need for investigating AD's cascade of events throughout the whole brain and studies spanning more brain areas are required to better understand AD etiology and region vulnerability to disease.
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19
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Ferrer I, García MA, González IL, Lucena DD, Villalonga AR, Tech MC, Llorens F, Garcia‐Esparcia P, Martinez‐Maldonado A, Mendez MF, Escribano BT, Bech‐Serra JJ, Sabido E, de la Torre Gómez C, del Rio JA. Aging-related tau astrogliopathy (ARTAG): not only tau phosphorylation in astrocytes. Brain Pathol 2018; 28:965-985. [PMID: 29396893 PMCID: PMC8028270 DOI: 10.1111/bpa.12593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2017] [Accepted: 01/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Aging-related tau astrogliopathy (ARTAG) is defined by the presence of two types of tau-bearing astrocytes: thorn-shaped astrocytes (TSAs) and granular/fuzzy astrocytes in the brain of old-aged individuals. The present study is focused on TSAs in rare forms of ARTAG with no neuronal tau pathology or restricted to entorhinal and transentorhinal cortices, to avoid bias from associated tauopathies. TSAs show 4Rtau phosphorylation at several specific sites and abnormal tau conformation, but they lack ubiquitin and they are not immunostained with tau-C3 antibodies which recognize truncated tau at Asp421. Astrocytes in ARTAG have atrophic processes, reduced glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) and increased superoxide dismutase 2 (SOD2) immunoreactivity. Gel electrophoresis and western blotting of sarkosyl-insoluble fractions reveal a pattern of phospho-tau in ARTAG characterized by two bands of 68 and 64 kDa, and several middle bands between 35 and 50 kDa which differ from what is seen in AD. Phosphoproteomics of dissected vulnerable regions identifies an increase of phosphorylation marks in a large number of proteins in ARTAG compared with controls. GFAP, aquaporin 4, several serine-threonine kinases, microtubule associated proteins and other neuronal proteins are among the differentially phosphorylated proteins in ARTAG thus suggesting a hyper-phosphorylation background that affects several molecules, including many kinases and proteins from several cell compartments and various cell types. Finally, present results show for the first time that tau seeding is produced in neurons of the hippocampal complex, astrocytes, oligodendroglia and along fibers of the corpus callosum, fimbria and fornix following inoculation into the hippocampus of wild type mice of sarkosyl-insoluble fractions enriched in hyper-phosphorylated tau from selected ARTAG cases. These findings show astrocytes as crucial players of tau seeding in tauopathies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isidro Ferrer
- Department of Pathology and Experimental TherapeuticsUniversity of BarcelonaBarcelonaSpain
- Bellvitge University Hospital, IDIBELL (Bellvitge Biomedical Research Centre)BarcelonaSpain
- Ministry of Economy and CompetitivenessCIBERNED (Network Centre of Biomedical Research of Neurodegenerative Diseases), Institute of Health Carlos IIIBarcelonaSpain
- Institute of Neurosciences, University of BarcelonaBarcelonaSpain
| | - Meritxell Aguiló García
- Department of Pathology and Experimental TherapeuticsUniversity of BarcelonaBarcelonaSpain
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology and BiochemistryInstitute for Molecular Biosciences, Karl‐Franzens University of GrazAustria
| | - Irene López González
- Ministry of Economy and CompetitivenessCIBERNED (Network Centre of Biomedical Research of Neurodegenerative Diseases), Institute of Health Carlos IIIBarcelonaSpain
| | - Daniela Diaz Lucena
- Ministry of Economy and CompetitivenessCIBERNED (Network Centre of Biomedical Research of Neurodegenerative Diseases), Institute of Health Carlos IIIBarcelonaSpain
| | - Aina Roig Villalonga
- Department of Pathology and Experimental TherapeuticsUniversity of BarcelonaBarcelonaSpain
| | - Margarita Carmona Tech
- Department of Pathology and Experimental TherapeuticsUniversity of BarcelonaBarcelonaSpain
- Ministry of Economy and CompetitivenessCIBERNED (Network Centre of Biomedical Research of Neurodegenerative Diseases), Institute of Health Carlos IIIBarcelonaSpain
| | - Franc Llorens
- Ministry of Economy and CompetitivenessCIBERNED (Network Centre of Biomedical Research of Neurodegenerative Diseases), Institute of Health Carlos IIIBarcelonaSpain
| | - Paula Garcia‐Esparcia
- Bellvitge University Hospital, IDIBELL (Bellvitge Biomedical Research Centre)BarcelonaSpain
| | | | - Margalida Frau Mendez
- Department of Pathology and Experimental TherapeuticsUniversity of BarcelonaBarcelonaSpain
| | - Benjamín Torrejón Escribano
- Biology Unit, Scientific and Technical ServicesUniversity of Barcelona, Hospitalet de LlobregatBarcelonaSpain
| | | | - Eduard Sabido
- Proteomics Unit, Centre de Regulació GenòmicaBarcelona Institute of Science and TechnologyBarcelonaSpain
| | | | - José Antonio del Rio
- Ministry of Economy and CompetitivenessCIBERNED (Network Centre of Biomedical Research of Neurodegenerative Diseases), Institute of Health Carlos IIIBarcelonaSpain
- Institute of Neurosciences, University of BarcelonaBarcelonaSpain
- Molecular and Cellular NeurobiotechnologyInstitute of Bioengineering of Catalonia (IBEC), Barcelona Institute for Science and Technology, Parc Científic de BarcelonaBarcelonaSpain
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20
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Tramutola A, Sharma N, Barone E, Lanzillotta C, Castellani A, Iavarone F, Vincenzoni F, Castagnola M, Butterfield DA, Gaetani S, Cassano T, Perluigi M, Di Domenico F. Proteomic identification of altered protein O-GlcNAcylation in a triple transgenic mouse model of Alzheimer's disease. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2018; 1864:3309-3321. [PMID: 30031227 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2018.07.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2018] [Revised: 06/22/2018] [Accepted: 07/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
PET scan analysis demonstrated the early reduction of cerebral glucose metabolism in Alzheimer disease (AD) patients that can make neurons vulnerable to damage via the alteration of the hexosamine biosynthetic pathway (HBP). Defective HBP leads to flawed protein O-GlcNAcylation coupled, by a mutual inverse relationship, with increased protein phosphorylation on Ser/Thr residues. Altered O-GlcNAcylation of Tau and APP have been reported in AD and is closely related with pathology onset and progression. In addition, type 2 diabetes patients show an altered O-GlcNAcylation/phosphorylation that might represent a link between metabolic defects and AD progression. Our study aimed to decipher the specific protein targets of altered O-GlcNAcylation in brain of 12-month-old 3×Tg-AD mice compared with age-matched non-Tg mice. Hence, we analysed the global O-GlcNAc levels, the levels and activity of OGT and OGA, the enzymes controlling its cycling and protein specific O-GlcNAc levels using a bi-dimensional electrophoresis (2DE) approach. Our data demonstrate the alteration of OGT and OGA activation coupled with the decrease of total O-GlcNAcylation levels. Data from proteomics analysis led to the identification of several proteins with reduced O-GlcNAcylation levels, which belong to key pathways involved in the progression of AD such as neuronal structure, protein degradation and glucose metabolism. In parallel, we analysed the O-GlcNAcylation/phosphorylation ratio of IRS1 and AKT, whose alterations may contribute to insulin resistance and reduced glucose uptake. Our findings may contribute to better understand the role of altered protein O-GlcNAcylation profile in AD, by possibly identifying novel mechanisms of disease progression related to glucose hypometabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonella Tramutola
- Department of Biochemical Sciences "A. Rossi Fanelli", Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Nidhi Sharma
- Department of Biochemical Sciences "A. Rossi Fanelli", Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Eugenio Barone
- Department of Biochemical Sciences "A. Rossi Fanelli", Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy; Universidad Autònoma de Chile, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Facultad de alud, Providencia, Santiago, Chile
| | - Chiara Lanzillotta
- Department of Biochemical Sciences "A. Rossi Fanelli", Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Andrea Castellani
- Department of Biochemical Sciences "A. Rossi Fanelli", Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Federica Iavarone
- Institute of Biochemistry and Clinical Biochemistry, Catholic University, Rome, Italy
| | - Federica Vincenzoni
- Institute of Biochemistry and Clinical Biochemistry, Catholic University, Rome, Italy
| | - Massimo Castagnola
- Institute of Biochemistry and Clinical Biochemistry, Catholic University, Rome, Italy
| | - D Allan Butterfield
- Department of Chemistry and Sanders-Brown Center on Aging, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Silvana Gaetani
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology "V. Erspamer", Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Tommaso Cassano
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | - Marzia Perluigi
- Department of Biochemical Sciences "A. Rossi Fanelli", Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Fabio Di Domenico
- Department of Biochemical Sciences "A. Rossi Fanelli", Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy.
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Abstract
Astrocytes are involved in many diseases of the central nervous system, not only as reactive cells to neuronal damage but also as primary actors in the pathological process. Astrogliopathy is a term used to designate the involvement of astrocytes as key elements in the pathogenesis and pathology of diseases and injuries of the central nervous system. Astrocytopathy is utilized to name non-reactive astrogliosis covering hypertrophy, atrophy and astroglial degeneration with loss of function in astrocytes and pathological remodeling, as well as senescent changes. Astrogliopathy and astrocytopathy are hallmarks of tauopathies—neurodegenerative diseases with abnormal hyper-phosphorylated tau aggregates in neurons and glial cells. The involvement of astrocytes covers different disease-specific types such as tufted astrocytes, astrocytic plaques, thorn-shaped astrocytes, granular/fuzzy astrocytes, ramified astrocytes and astrocytes with globular inclusions, as well as others which are unnamed but not uncommon in familial frontotemporal degeneration linked to mutations in the tau gene. Knowledge of molecular differences among tau-containing astrocytes is only beginning, and their distinct functional implications remain rather poorly understood. However, tau-containing astrocytes in certain conditions have deleterious effects on neuronal function and nervous system integrity. Moreover, recent studies have shown that tau-containing astrocytes obtained from human brain tauopathies have a capacity for abnormal tau seeding and spreading in wild type mice. Inclusive conceptions include a complex scenario involving neurons, glial cells and local environmental factors that potentiate each other and promote disease progression in tauopathies.
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22
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Liu M, Wei Y, Li X, Quek SY, Zhao J, Zhong H, Zhang D, Liu Y. Quantitative phosphoproteomic analysis of caprine muscle with high and low meat quality. Meat Sci 2018; 141:103-111. [DOI: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2018.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2017] [Revised: 12/29/2017] [Accepted: 01/02/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Li Q, Wu X, Xu L, Chen K, Yao L. Classification of Alzheimer's Disease, Mild Cognitive Impairment, and Cognitively Unimpaired Individuals Using Multi-feature Kernel Discriminant Dictionary Learning. Front Comput Neurosci 2018; 11:117. [PMID: 29375356 PMCID: PMC5767247 DOI: 10.3389/fncom.2017.00117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2017] [Accepted: 12/19/2017] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Accurate classification of either patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD) or patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI), the prodromal stage of AD, from cognitively unimpaired (CU) individuals is important for clinical diagnosis and adequate intervention. The current study focused on distinguishing AD or MCI from CU based on the multi-feature kernel supervised within-Class-similar discriminative dictionary learning algorithm (MKSCDDL), which we introduced in a previous study, demonstrating that MKSCDDL had superior performance in face recognition. Structural magnetic resonance imaging (sMRI), fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) positron emission tomography (PET), and florbetapir-PET data from the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI) database were all included for classification of AD vs. CU, MCI vs. CU, as well as AD vs. MCI (113 AD patients, 110 MCI patients, and 117 CU subjects). By adopting MKSCDDL, we achieved a classification accuracy of 98.18% for AD vs. CU, 78.50% for MCI vs. CU, and 74.47% for AD vs. MCI, which in each instance was superior to results obtained using several other state-of-the-art approaches (MKL, JRC, mSRC, and mSCDDL). In addition, testing time results outperformed other high quality methods. Therefore, the results suggested that the MKSCDDL procedure is a promising tool for assisting early diagnosis of diseases using neuroimaging data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Li
- Department of Electronics, College of Information Science and Technology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Xia Wu
- Department of Electronics, College of Information Science and Technology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China.,State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Lele Xu
- Department of Electronics, College of Information Science and Technology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Kewei Chen
- Banner Alzheimer's Institute and Banner Good Samaritan PET Center, Phoenix, AZ, United States
| | - Li Yao
- Department of Electronics, College of Information Science and Technology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China.,State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
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Butterfield DA, Boyd-Kimball D. Oxidative Stress, Amyloid-β Peptide, and Altered Key Molecular Pathways in the Pathogenesis and Progression of Alzheimer's Disease. J Alzheimers Dis 2018; 62:1345-1367. [PMID: 29562527 PMCID: PMC5870019 DOI: 10.3233/jad-170543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 233] [Impact Index Per Article: 38.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/29/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Oxidative stress is implicated in the pathogenesis and progression of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and its earlier stage, amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI). One source of oxidative stress in AD and aMCI brains is that associated with amyloid-β peptide, Aβ1-42 oligomers. Our laboratory first showed in AD elevated oxidative stress occurred in brain regions rich in Aβ1-42, but not in Aβ1-42-poor regions, and was among the first to demonstrate Aβ peptides led to lipid peroxidation (indexed by HNE) in AD and aMCI brains. Oxidatively modified proteins have decreased function and contribute to damaged key biochemical and metabolic pathways in which these proteins normally play a role. Identification of oxidatively modified brain proteins by the methods of redox proteomics was pioneered in the Butterfield laboratory. Four recurring altered pathways secondary to oxidative damage in brain from persons with AD, aMCI, or Down syndrome with AD are interrelated and contribute to neuronal death. This "Quadrilateral of Neuronal Death" includes altered: glucose metabolism, mTOR activation, proteostasis network, and protein phosphorylation. Some of these pathways are altered even in brains of persons with preclinical AD. We opine that targeting these pathways pharmacologically and with lifestyle changes potentially may provide strategies to slow or perhaps one day, prevent, progression or development of this devastating dementing disorder. This invited review outlines both in vitro and in vivo studies from the Butterfield laboratory related to Aβ1-42 and AD and discusses the importance and implications of some of the major achievements of the Butterfield laboratory in AD research.
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Affiliation(s)
- D. Allan Butterfield
- Department of Chemistry and Sanders-Brown Center on Aging, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Debra Boyd-Kimball
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Mount Union, Alliance, OH, USA
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Tramutola A, Di Domenico F, Barone E, Arena A, Giorgi A, di Francesco L, Schininà ME, Coccia R, Head E, Butterfield DA, Perluigi M. Polyubiquitinylation Profile in Down Syndrome Brain Before and After the Development of Alzheimer Neuropathology. Antioxid Redox Signal 2017; 26:280-298. [PMID: 27627691 PMCID: PMC5327052 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2016.6686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Among the putative mechanisms proposed to be common factors in Down syndrome (DS) and Alzheimer's disease (AD) neuropathology, deficits in protein quality control (PQC) have emerged as a unifying mechanism of neurodegeneration. Considering that disturbance of protein degradation systems is present in DS and that oxidized/misfolded proteins require polyubiquitinylation for degradation via the ubiquitin proteasome system, this study investigated if dysregulation of protein polyubiquitinylation is associated with AD neurodegeneration in DS. RESULTS Postmortem brains from DS cases before and after development of AD neuropathology and age-matched controls were analyzed. By selectively isolating polyubiquitinated proteins, we were able to identify specific proteins with an altered pattern of polyubiquitinylation as a function of age. Interestingly, we found that oxidation is coupled with polyubiquitinylation for most proteins mainly involved in PQC and energy metabolism. INNOVATION This is the first study showing alteration of the polyubiquitinylation profile as a function of aging in DS brain compared with healthy controls. Understanding the onset of the altered ubiquitome profile in DS brain may contribute to identification of key molecular regulators of age-associated cognitive decline. CONCLUSIONS Disturbance of the polyubiquitinylation machinery may be a key feature of aging and neurodegeneration. In DS, age-associated deficits of the proteolytic system may further exacerbate the accumulation of oxidized/misfolded/polyubiquitinated proteins, which is not efficiently degraded and may become harmful to neurons and contribute to AD neuropathology. Antioxid. Redox Signal. 26, 280-298.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonella Tramutola
- 1 Department of Biochemical Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome , Italy, Rome
| | - Fabio Di Domenico
- 1 Department of Biochemical Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome , Italy, Rome
| | - Eugenio Barone
- 1 Department of Biochemical Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome , Italy, Rome
| | - Andrea Arena
- 1 Department of Biochemical Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome , Italy, Rome
| | - Alessandra Giorgi
- 1 Department of Biochemical Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome , Italy, Rome
| | - Laura di Francesco
- 1 Department of Biochemical Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome , Italy, Rome
| | | | - Raffaella Coccia
- 1 Department of Biochemical Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome , Italy, Rome
| | - Elizabeth Head
- 2 Sanders-Brown Center on Aging, University of Kentucky , Lexington, Kentucky.,3 Department of Pharmacology and Nutritional Sciences, University of Kentucky , Lexington, Kentucky
| | - D Allan Butterfield
- 2 Sanders-Brown Center on Aging, University of Kentucky , Lexington, Kentucky.,4 Department of Chemistry, University of Kentucky , Lexington, Kentucky
| | - Marzia Perluigi
- 1 Department of Biochemical Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome , Italy, Rome
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Hensley K, Kursula P. Collapsin Response Mediator Protein-2 (CRMP2) is a Plausible Etiological Factor and Potential Therapeutic Target in Alzheimer's Disease: Comparison and Contrast with Microtubule-Associated Protein Tau. J Alzheimers Dis 2017; 53:1-14. [PMID: 27079722 PMCID: PMC4942723 DOI: 10.3233/jad-160076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) has long been viewed as a pathology that must be caused either by aberrant amyloid-β protein precursor (AβPP) processing, dysfunctional tau protein processing, or a combination of these two factors. This is a reasonable assumption because amyloid-β peptide (Aβ) accumulation and tau hyperphosphorylation are the defining histological features in AD, and because AβPP and tau mutations can cause AD in humans or AD-like features in animal models. Nonetheless, other protein players are emerging that one can argue are significant etiological players in subsets of AD and potentially novel, druggable targets. In particular, the microtubule-associated protein CRMP2 (collapsin response mediator protein-2) bears striking analogies to tau and is similarly relevant to AD. Like tau, CRMP2 dynamically regulates microtubule stability; it is acted upon by the same kinases; collects similarly in neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs); and when sequestered in NFTs, complexes with critical synapse-stabilizing factors. Additionally, CRMP2 is becoming recognized as an important adaptor protein involved in vesicle trafficking, amyloidogenesis and autophagy, in ways that tau is not. This review systematically compares the biology of CRMP2 to that of tau in the context of AD and explores the hypothesis that CRMP2 is an etiologically significant protein in AD and participates in pathways that can be rationally engaged for therapeutic benefit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenneth Hensley
- Department of Pathology, University of Toledo Health Science Campus, Toledo, OH, USA
| | - Petri Kursula
- Department of Biomedicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
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Aberrant protein phosphorylation in Alzheimer disease brain disturbs pro-survival and cell death pathways. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2016; 1862:1871-82. [PMID: 27425034 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2016.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2016] [Revised: 06/22/2016] [Accepted: 07/13/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Protein phosphorylation of serine, threonine, and tyrosine residues is one of the most prevalent post-translational modifications fundamental in mediating diverse cellular functions in living cells. Aberrant protein phosphorylation is currently recognized as a critical step in the pathogenesis and progression of Alzheimer disease (AD). Changes in the pattern of protein phosphorylation of different brain regions are suggested to promote AD transition from a presymptomatic to a symptomatic state in response to accumulating amyloid β-peptide (Aβ). Several experimental approaches have been utilized to profile alteration of protein phosphorylation in the brain, including proteomics. Among central pathways regulated by kinases/phosphatases those involved in the activation/inhibition of both pro survival and cell death pathways play a central role in AD pathology. We discuss in detail how aberrant phosphorylation could contribute to dysregulate p53 activity and insulin-mediated signaling. Taken together these results highlight that targeted therapeutic intervention, which can restore phosphorylation homeostasis, either acting on kinases and phosphatases, conceivably may prove to be beneficial to prevent or slow the development and progression of AD.
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Sengupta MB, Chakrabarti A, Saha S, Mukhopadhyay D. Clinical proteomics of enervated neurons. Clin Proteomics 2016; 13:10. [PMID: 27152104 PMCID: PMC4857373 DOI: 10.1186/s12014-016-9112-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2016] [Accepted: 04/18/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The dynamic field of neurosciences entails ever increasing search for molecular mechanisms of disease states, especially in the domain of neurodegenerative disorders. The previous century heralded the techniques in proteomics when indexing of the human proteomes relating to various disease conditions became important. Early stage research in certain diseases or pathological conditions requires a more holistic approach of first discovering the proteins of interest for the condition. Despite its limitations, proteomics is one of the most powerful techniques available to us today to dissect the molecular scenario in a particular disease situation. In this review we will discuss about the current clinical research in neurodegenerative disorders that employ proteomics techniques. We will specifically focus on our understanding of Alzheimer’s disease, traumatic spinal cord injury and neuromyelitis optica. Discussions will include ongoing worldwide research in these areas, research in India and specifically our laboratory in these domains of neurodegenerative conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohor Biplab Sengupta
- Biophysics and Structural Genomics Division, Saha Institute of Nuclear Physics, 1/AF Bidhannagar, Kolkata, West Bengal 700064 India
| | - Arunabha Chakrabarti
- Biophysics and Structural Genomics Division, Saha Institute of Nuclear Physics, 1/AF Bidhannagar, Kolkata, West Bengal 700064 India
| | - Suparna Saha
- Biophysics and Structural Genomics Division, Saha Institute of Nuclear Physics, 1/AF Bidhannagar, Kolkata, West Bengal 700064 India
| | - Debashis Mukhopadhyay
- Biophysics and Structural Genomics Division, Saha Institute of Nuclear Physics, 1/AF Bidhannagar, Kolkata, West Bengal 700064 India
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