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Wu Y, Yang L, Jiang W, Zhang X, Yao Z. Glycolytic dysregulation in Alzheimer's disease: unveiling new avenues for understanding pathogenesis and improving therapy. Neural Regen Res 2025; 20:2264-2278. [PMID: 39101629 DOI: 10.4103/nrr.nrr-d-24-00190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2024] [Accepted: 06/20/2024] [Indexed: 08/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease poses a significant global health challenge owing to the progressive cognitive decline of patients and absence of curative treatments. The current therapeutic strategies, primarily based on cholinesterase inhibitors and N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor antagonists, offer limited symptomatic relief without halting disease progression, highlighting an urgent need for novel research directions that address the key mechanisms underlying Alzheimer's disease. Recent studies have provided insights into the critical role of glycolysis, a fundamental energy metabolism pathway in the brain, in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease. Alterations in glycolytic processes within neurons and glial cells, including microglia, astrocytes, and oligodendrocytes, have been identified as significant contributors to the pathological landscape of Alzheimer's disease. Glycolytic changes impact neuronal health and function, thus offering promising targets for therapeutic intervention. The purpose of this review is to consolidate current knowledge on the modifications in glycolysis associated with Alzheimer's disease and explore the mechanisms by which these abnormalities contribute to disease onset and progression. Comprehensive focus on the pathways through which glycolytic dysfunction influences Alzheimer's disease pathology should provide insights into potential therapeutic targets and strategies that pave the way for groundbreaking treatments, emphasizing the importance of understanding metabolic processes in the quest for clarification and management of Alzheimer's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- You Wu
- Department of Geriatrics, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
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2
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Arriagada J, Mercerón D, Ardiles Á, Muñoz P, Paula-Lima A. Excitatory-inhibitory synaptic imbalance induced by acute intra-hippocampus injections of amyloid-β oligomers. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2025; 742:151133. [PMID: 39657347 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2024.151133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2024] [Revised: 12/02/2024] [Accepted: 12/03/2024] [Indexed: 12/12/2024]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is characterized by the accumulation of soluble amyloid-β oligomers (AβOs) in the brain, which disrupt synaptic function and promote cognitive decline. Here, we investigated the effects of AβOs on excitatory and inhibitory synaptic transmission and plasticity by performing stereotaxic injections of AβOs directly into the hippocampal CA1 region, followed by hippocampal slice isolation for electrophysiological measurements. AβOs injections altered basal excitatory synaptic transmission, reducing field excitatory postsynaptic potentials (fEPSPs) and impairing excitatory long-term potentiation (LTP). Additionally, AβOs injections significantly increased basal inhibitory synaptic transmission, as evidenced by the increased amplitude of field inhibitory postsynaptic potentials (fIPSPs), but impaired the induction and maintenance of inhibitory long-term potentiation (iLTP). Accordingly, we propose that AβOs injections induce the saturation of the GABAergic system and thus disrupt the hippocampal excitatory-inhibitory balance. These findings highlight the dual impact of AβOs on both excitatory and inhibitory synapses, generating synaptic dysregulation and possibly worsening cognitive decline in AD. Understanding these mechanisms could provide new insights for developing therapies to restore synaptic balance and hippocampal function in AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge Arriagada
- PhD Program in Biomedical Sciences, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile; Department of Neuroscience, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Daymara Mercerón
- Center for Translational Research in Neuropharmacology (CITNE), Universidad de Valparaíso, Valparaíso, Chile
| | - Álvaro Ardiles
- Center for Translational Research in Neuropharmacology (CITNE), Universidad de Valparaíso, Valparaíso, Chile; Department of Pathology and Physiology, Medical School, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Valparaíso, Valparaíso, Chile; Interuniversity Center for Healthy Aging (CIES), Universidad de Valparaíso, Valparaiso, Chile
| | - Pablo Muñoz
- Center for Translational Research in Neuropharmacology (CITNE), Universidad de Valparaíso, Valparaíso, Chile; Department of Pathology and Physiology, Medical School, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Valparaíso, Valparaíso, Chile.
| | - Andrea Paula-Lima
- Interuniversity Center for Healthy Aging (CIES), Universidad de Valparaíso, Valparaiso, Chile; Institute for Research in Dental Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile; Biomedical Neuroscience Institute (BNI), Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile; Department of Neuroscience, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile.
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3
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Yates JR. Aberrant glutamatergic systems underlying impulsive behaviors: Insights from clinical and preclinical research. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2024; 135:111107. [PMID: 39098647 PMCID: PMC11409449 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2024.111107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2024] [Revised: 07/07/2024] [Accepted: 07/24/2024] [Indexed: 08/06/2024]
Abstract
Impulsivity is a broad construct that often refers to one of several distinct behaviors and can be measured with self-report questionnaires and behavioral paradigms. Several psychiatric conditions are characterized by one or more forms of impulsive behavior, most notably the impulsive/hyperactive subtype of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), mood disorders, and substance use disorders. Monoaminergic neurotransmitters are known to mediate impulsive behaviors and are implicated in various psychiatric conditions. However, growing evidence suggests that glutamate, the major excitatory neurotransmitter of the mammalian brain, regulates important functions that become dysregulated in conditions like ADHD. The purpose of the current review is to discuss clinical and preclinical evidence linking glutamate to separate aspects of impulsivity, specifically motor impulsivity, impulsive choice, and affective impulsivity. Hyperactive glutamatergic activity in the corticostriatal and the cerebro-cerebellar pathways are major determinants of motor impulsivity. Conversely, hypoactive glutamatergic activity in frontal cortical areas and hippocampus and hyperactive glutamatergic activity in anterior cingulate cortex and nucleus accumbens mediate impulsive choice. Affective impulsivity is controlled by similar glutamatergic dysfunction observed for motor impulsivity, except a hyperactive limbic system is also involved. Loss of glutamate homeostasis in prefrontal and nucleus accumbens may contribute to motor impulsivity/affective impulsivity and impulsive choice, respectively. These results are important as they can lead to novel treatments for those with a condition characterized by increased impulsivity that are resistant to conventional treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justin R Yates
- Department of Psychological Science, Northern Kentucky University, 1 Nunn Drive, Highland Heights, KY 41099, USA.
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4
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Hou J, Hess JL, Zhang C, van Rooij JGJ, Hearn GC, Fan CC, Faraone SV, Fennema-Notestine C, Lin SJ, Escott-Price V, Seshadri S, Holmans P, Tsuang MT, Kremen WS, Gaiteri C, Glatt SJ. Meta-Analysis of Transcriptomic Studies of Blood and Six Brain Regions Identifies a Consensus of 15 Cross-Tissue Mechanisms in Alzheimer's Disease and Suggests an Origin of Cross-Study Heterogeneity. Am J Med Genet B Neuropsychiatr Genet 2024:e33019. [PMID: 39679839 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.b.33019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2024] [Revised: 11/06/2024] [Accepted: 11/19/2024] [Indexed: 12/17/2024]
Abstract
The comprehensive genome-wide nature of transcriptome studies in Alzheimer's disease (AD) should provide a reliable description of disease molecular states. However, the genes and molecular systems nominated by transcriptomic studies do not always overlap. Even when results do align, it is not clear if those observations represent true consensus across many studies. A couple of sources of variation have been proposed to explain this variability, including tissue-of-origin and cohort type, but its basis remains uncertain. To address this variability and extract reliable results, we utilized all publicly available blood or brain transcriptomic datasets of AD, comprised of 24 brain studies with 4007 samples from six different brain regions, and eight blood studies with 1566 samples. We identified a consensus of AD-associated genes across brain regions and AD-associated gene-sets across blood and brain, generalizable machine learning and linear scoring classifiers, and significant contributors to biological diversity in AD datasets. While AD-associated genes did not significantly overlap between blood and brain, our findings highlighted 15 dysregulated processes shared across blood and brain in AD. The top five most significantly dysregulated processes were DNA replication, metabolism of proteins, protein localization, cell cycle, and programmed cell death. Conversely, addressing the discord across studies, we found that large-scale gene co-regulation patterns can account for a significant fraction of variability in AD datasets. Overall, this study ranked and characterized a compilation of genes and molecular systems consistently identified across a large assembly of AD transcriptome studies in blood and brain, providing potential candidate biomarkers and therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiahui Hou
- Psychiatric Genetic Epidemiology & Neurobiology Laboratory (PsychGENe Lab), Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, New York, USA
| | - Jonathan L Hess
- Psychiatric Genetic Epidemiology & Neurobiology Laboratory (PsychGENe Lab), Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, New York, USA
| | - Chunling Zhang
- Department of Neuroscience and Physiology, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, New York, USA
| | - Jeroen G J van Rooij
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Gentry C Hearn
- Norton College of Medicine, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, New York, USA
| | - Chun Chieh Fan
- Department of Cognitive Science, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Stephen V Faraone
- Department of Neuroscience and Physiology, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, New York, USA
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, New York, USA
| | - Christine Fennema-Notestine
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
- Department of Radiology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Shu-Ju Lin
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Valentina Escott-Price
- Dementia Research Institute, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
- Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurology and Medical Research Council (MRC) Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Sudha Seshadri
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Peter Holmans
- Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurology and Medical Research Council (MRC) Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Ming T Tsuang
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - William S Kremen
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Chris Gaiteri
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, New York, USA
| | - Stephen J Glatt
- Psychiatric Genetic Epidemiology & Neurobiology Laboratory (PsychGENe Lab), Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, New York, USA
- Department of Neuroscience and Physiology, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, New York, USA
- Department of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, New York, USA
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5
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Wood OWG, Yeung JHY, Palpagama TH, Turner C, Waldvogel HJ, Maxwell Faull RL, Kwakowsky A. Upregulated excitatory amino acid transporter 1 (EAAT1) expression in the human medial temporal lobe in Alzheimer's disease. Neuroscience 2024:S0306-4522(24)00734-6. [PMID: 39694320 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2024.12.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2024] [Revised: 11/30/2024] [Accepted: 12/13/2024] [Indexed: 12/20/2024]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a growing health problem worldwide, particularly in the developed world due to an ageing population. Glutamate excitotoxicity plays a major role in the pathophysiology of AD, and glutamate re-uptake is controlled by excitatory amino acid transporters (EAATs). The EAAT2 isoform is the predominant transporter involved in glutamate reuptake, therefore EAAT1 has not been the focus of AD research. We investigated the layer-specific expression of EAAT1 in human medial temporal lobe regions such as the hippocampus, subiculum, entorhinal cortex and superior temporal gyrus, using fluorescent immunohistochemistry and laser scanning confocal microscopy in human post-mortem tissue. We observed low EAAT1 immunoreactivity in control cases, but upregulated labeling in AD across several brain regions of the medial temporal lobe. Significantly higher integrated density in AD cases was observed in the str. oriens and str. radiatum of the CA2 region, the str. pyramidale of CA3, and the str. moleculare and str. granulosum of the DG. Labeling of EAAT1 appeared astrocytic in nature, showing close association with astrocytic processes in AD cases. We also report that a higher EAAT1 density was positively correlated with the age of AD cases, but this relationship was not observed in control cases. Overall, our results indicate an upregulation of EAAT1 across several hippocampal subregions and layers in AD cases, indicating a potential physiological role for this transporter that needs further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oliver W G Wood
- Centre for Brain Research and Department of Anatomy and Medical Imaging, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Jason H Y Yeung
- Centre for Brain Research and Department of Anatomy and Medical Imaging, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Thulani H Palpagama
- Centre for Brain Research and Department of Anatomy and Medical Imaging, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Clinton Turner
- Department of Anatomical Pathology, LabPLUS, Auckland City Hospital, New Zealand
| | - Henry John Waldvogel
- Centre for Brain Research and Department of Anatomy and Medical Imaging, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Richard Lewis Maxwell Faull
- Centre for Brain Research and Department of Anatomy and Medical Imaging, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Andrea Kwakowsky
- Centre for Brain Research and Department of Anatomy and Medical Imaging, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, New Zealand; Pharmacology and Therapeutics, School of Medicine, Galway Neuroscience Centre, University of Galway, Ireland.
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6
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Puranik N, Song M. Glutamate: Molecular Mechanisms and Signaling Pathway in Alzheimer's Disease, a Potential Therapeutic Target. Molecules 2024; 29:5744. [PMID: 39683904 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29235744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2024] [Revised: 12/02/2024] [Accepted: 12/04/2024] [Indexed: 12/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Gamma-glutamate is an important excitatory neurotransmitter in the central nervous system (CNS), which plays an important role in transmitting synapses, plasticity, and other brain activities. Nevertheless, alterations in the glutamatergic signaling pathway are now accepted as a central element in Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathophysiology. One of the most prevalent types of dementia in older adults is AD, a progressive neurodegenerative illness brought on by a persistent decline in cognitive function. Since AD has been shown to be multifactorial, a variety of pharmaceutical targets may be used to treat the condition. N-methyl-D-aspartic acid receptor (NMDAR) antagonists and acetylcholinesterase inhibitors (AChEIs) are two drug classes that the Food and Drug Administration has authorized for the treatment of AD. The AChEIs approved to treat AD are galantamine, donepezil, and rivastigmine. However, memantine is the only non-competitive NMDAR antagonist that has been authorized for the treatment of AD. This review aims to outline the involvement of glutamate (GLU) at the molecular level and the signaling pathways that are associated with AD to demonstrate the drug target therapeutic potential of glutamate and its receptor. We will also consider the opinion of the leading authorities working in this area, the drawback of the existing therapeutic strategies, and the direction for the further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nidhi Puranik
- Department of Life Sciences, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, Republic of Korea
| | - Minseok Song
- Department of Life Sciences, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, Republic of Korea
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7
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Dhurandhar Y, Tomar S, Das A, Singh AP, Prajapati JL, Bodakhe SH, Namdeo KP. Unlocking the Potential of Oxymatrine: A Comprehensive Review of Its Neuroprotective Mechanisms and Therapeutic Prospects in Neurological Disorders. ACS Chem Neurosci 2024; 15:4245-4257. [PMID: 39539195 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.4c00338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Sophora flavescens, the source of oxymatrine, is gaining popularity due to its potential in neuroprotection and treatment of various neurological conditions like epilepsy, depression, Parkinson's, Alzheimer's and multiple sclerosis. Its natural occurrence and promising preliminary research highlight its ability to reduce nerve cell damage and inflammation, attributed to its antiapoptotic, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. However, challenges like solubility, potential adverse effects and limited bioavailability hinder its full therapeutic utilization. Current strategies, including formulation optimization and innovative drug delivery systems, aim to enhance its efficacy and safety. Despite its potential, further research is necessary to overcome these obstacles and maximize its clinical effectiveness. Conclusively, oxymatrine demonstrates distinct neuroprotective properties, offering unique advantages over other agents currently being studied or used in clinical practice for neurological disorders. nevertheless, additional study is necessary to surmount current obstacles and maximize its effectiveness for clinical settings. This study provides a comprehensive overview of oxymatrine's neuroprotective mechanisms and therapeutic potential while emphasizing the need for continued investigation and development for practical clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yogita Dhurandhar
- Department of Pharmacy, Guru Ghasidas Vishwavidyalaya (A Central University), Bilaspur 495009, Chhattisgarh, India
| | - Shubham Tomar
- Indian Pharmacopoeia Commission, Ministry of Health & Family Welfare, Government of India, Sector-23, Raj Nagar, Ghaziabad 201002, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Ashmita Das
- Department of Pharmacy, Guru Ghasidas Vishwavidyalaya (A Central University), Bilaspur 495009, Chhattisgarh, India
| | - As Pee Singh
- Department of Pharmacy, Guru Ghasidas Vishwavidyalaya (A Central University), Bilaspur 495009, Chhattisgarh, India
| | - Jeevan Lal Prajapati
- Department of Pharmacy, Guru Ghasidas Vishwavidyalaya (A Central University), Bilaspur 495009, Chhattisgarh, India
| | - Surendra H Bodakhe
- Department of Pharmacy, Guru Ghasidas Vishwavidyalaya (A Central University), Bilaspur 495009, Chhattisgarh, India
| | - Kamta P Namdeo
- Department of Pharmacy, Guru Ghasidas Vishwavidyalaya (A Central University), Bilaspur 495009, Chhattisgarh, India
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8
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Leal CBQS, Zimmer CGM, Sinatti VVC, Soares ES, Poppe B, de Wiart AC, Chua XY, da Silva RV, Magdesian MH, Rafii MS, Buée L, Bottos RM. Effects of the therapeutic correction of U1 snRNP complex on Alzheimer's disease. Sci Rep 2024; 14:30085. [PMID: 39627450 PMCID: PMC11615310 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-81687-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2024] [Accepted: 11/28/2024] [Indexed: 12/06/2024] Open
Abstract
The U1 snRNP complex recognizes pre-mRNA splicing sites in the early stages of spliceosome assembly and suppresses premature cleavage and polyadenylation. Its dysfunction may precede Alzheimer's disease (AD) hallmarks. Here we evaluated the effects of a synthetic single-stranded cDNA (APT20TTMG) that interacts with U1 snRNP, in iPSC-derived neurons from a donor diagnosed with AD and in the SAMP8 mouse model. APT20TTMG effectively binds to U1 snRNP, specifically decreasing TAU in AD neurons, without changing mitochondrial activity or glutamate. Treatment enhanced neuronal electrical activity, promoted an enrichment of differentially expressed genes related to key processes affected by AD. In SAMP8 mice, APT20TTMG reduced insoluble pTAU in the hippocampus, amyloid-beta and GFAP in the cortex, and U1-70 K in both brain regions, without cognitive changes. This study highlights the correction of the U1 snRNP complex as a new target for AD.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Camila G M Zimmer
- Aptah Bio Inc., MBC BioLabs, 930 Brittan Avenue, San Carlos, 94070, USA
| | | | - Ericks S Soares
- Aptah Bio Inc., MBC BioLabs, 930 Brittan Avenue, San Carlos, 94070, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Michael S Rafii
- Alzheimer's Therapeutic Research Institute, University of Southern California, San Diego, 92121, USA
| | - Luc Buée
- Alzheimer and Tauopathies, CHU-Lille, INSERM, University of Lille, Lille, 59000, France
| | - Rafael M Bottos
- Aptah Bio Inc., MBC BioLabs, 930 Brittan Avenue, San Carlos, 94070, USA.
- Vesper Biotechnologies, Dover, LP, 19904, USA.
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9
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Chongtham A, Sharma A, Nath B, Murtha K, Gorbachev K, Ramakrishnan A, Schmidt EF, Shen L, Pereira AC. Common and divergent pathways in early stages of glutamate and tau-mediated toxicities in neurodegeneration. Exp Neurol 2024; 382:114967. [PMID: 39326823 DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2024.114967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2024] [Revised: 09/17/2024] [Accepted: 09/21/2024] [Indexed: 09/28/2024]
Abstract
It has been shown that excitotoxicity and tau-mediated toxicities are major contributing factors to neuronal death in Alzheimer's disease (AD). The excitatory amino acid transporter 2 (EAAT2 or GLT-1), the major glutamate transporter in the brain that regulates glutamate levels synaptically and extrasynaptically, has been shown to be deficient in AD brains, leading to excitotoxicity and subsequent cell death. Similarly, buildup of neurofibrillary tangles, which consist of hyperphosphorylated tau protein, correlates with cognitive decline and neuronal atrophy in AD. However, common genes and pathways that are critical in the aforementioned toxicities have not been well elucidated. To investigate the impact of glutamate dyshomeostasis and tau accumulation on translational profiles of affected hippocampal neurons, we used mouse models of excitotoxicity and tau-mediated toxicities (GLT-1-/- and P301S, respectively) in conjunction with BAC-TRAP technology. Our data show that GLT-1 deficiency in CA3 pyramidal neurons leads to translational signatures characterized by dysregulation of pathways associated with synaptic plasticity and neuronal survival, while the P301S mutation induces changes in endocytic pathways and mitochondrial dysfunction. Finally, the commonly dysregulated pathways include impaired ion homeostasis and metabolic pathways. These common pathways may shed light on potential therapeutic targets for ameliorating glutamate and tau-mediated toxicities in AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anjalika Chongtham
- Department of Neurology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, United States of America; Fishberg Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, United States of America; Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, United States of America
| | - Abhijeet Sharma
- Department of Neurology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, United States of America; Fishberg Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, United States of America; Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, United States of America
| | - Banshi Nath
- Department of Neurology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, United States of America; Fishberg Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, United States of America; Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, United States of America
| | - Kaitlin Murtha
- Department of Neurology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, United States of America; Fishberg Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, United States of America; Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, United States of America
| | - Kirill Gorbachev
- Department of Neurology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, United States of America; Fishberg Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, United States of America; Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, United States of America
| | - Aarthi Ramakrishnan
- Fishberg Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, United States of America; Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, United States of America
| | - Eric F Schmidt
- The Rockefeller University, Laboratory of Molecular Biology, New York, NY 10065, United States of America
| | - Li Shen
- Fishberg Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, United States of America; Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, United States of America
| | - Ana C Pereira
- Department of Neurology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, United States of America; Fishberg Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, United States of America; Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, United States of America.
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10
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Western D, Timsina J, Wang L, Wang C, Yang C, Phillips B, Wang Y, Liu M, Ali M, Beric A, Gorijala P, Kohlfeld P, Budde J, Levey AI, Morris JC, Perrin RJ, Ruiz A, Marquié M, Boada M, de Rojas I, Rutledge J, Oh H, Wilson EN, Le Guen Y, Reus LM, Tijms B, Visser PJ, van der Lee SJ, Pijnenburg YAL, Teunissen CE, Del Campo Milan M, Alvarez I, Aguilar M, Greicius MD, Pastor P, Pulford DJ, Ibanez L, Wyss-Coray T, Sung YJ, Cruchaga C. Proteogenomic analysis of human cerebrospinal fluid identifies neurologically relevant regulation and implicates causal proteins for Alzheimer's disease. Nat Genet 2024; 56:2672-2684. [PMID: 39528825 DOI: 10.1038/s41588-024-01972-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2024] [Indexed: 11/16/2024]
Abstract
The integration of quantitative trait loci (QTLs) with disease genome-wide association studies (GWASs) has proven successful in prioritizing candidate genes at disease-associated loci. QTL mapping has been focused on multi-tissue expression QTLs or plasma protein QTLs (pQTLs). We generated a cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) pQTL atlas by measuring 6,361 proteins in 3,506 samples. We identified 3,885 associations for 1,883 proteins, including 2,885 new pQTLs, demonstrating unique genetic regulation in CSF. We identified CSF-enriched pleiotropic regions on chromosome (chr)3q28 near OSTN and chr19q13.32 near APOE that were enriched for neuron specificity and neurological development. We integrated our associations with Alzheimer's disease (AD) through proteome-wide association study (PWAS), colocalization and Mendelian randomization and identified 38 putative causal proteins, 15 of which have drugs available. Finally, we developed a proteomics-based AD prediction model that outperforms genetics-based models. These findings will be instrumental to further understand the biology and identify causal and druggable proteins for brain and neurological traits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Western
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
- NeuroGenomics and Informatics Center, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
- Division of Biology and Biomedical Sciences, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Jigyasha Timsina
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
- NeuroGenomics and Informatics Center, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Lihua Wang
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
- NeuroGenomics and Informatics Center, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Ciyang Wang
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
- NeuroGenomics and Informatics Center, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
- Division of Biology and Biomedical Sciences, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Chengran Yang
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
- NeuroGenomics and Informatics Center, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Bridget Phillips
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
- NeuroGenomics and Informatics Center, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
- Division of Biology and Biomedical Sciences, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Yueyao Wang
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
- NeuroGenomics and Informatics Center, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Menghan Liu
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
- NeuroGenomics and Informatics Center, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Muhammad Ali
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
- NeuroGenomics and Informatics Center, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Aleksandra Beric
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
- NeuroGenomics and Informatics Center, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Priyanka Gorijala
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
- NeuroGenomics and Informatics Center, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Pat Kohlfeld
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
- NeuroGenomics and Informatics Center, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - John Budde
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
- NeuroGenomics and Informatics Center, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Allan I Levey
- Department of Neurology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - John C Morris
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Richard J Perrin
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
- Hope Center for Neurological Disorders, Washington University, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Agustin Ruiz
- ACE Alzheimer Center Barcelona, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain
- Networking Research Center on Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Glenn Biggs Institute for Alzheimer's and Neurodegenerative Diseases, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Marta Marquié
- ACE Alzheimer Center Barcelona, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain
- Networking Research Center on Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Mercè Boada
- ACE Alzheimer Center Barcelona, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain
- Networking Research Center on Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Itziar de Rojas
- ACE Alzheimer Center Barcelona, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain
- Networking Research Center on Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Jarod Rutledge
- Wu Tsai Neurosciences Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Hamilton Oh
- Wu Tsai Neurosciences Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Edward N Wilson
- Wu Tsai Neurosciences Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Yann Le Guen
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
- Quantitative Sciences Unit, Department of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Lianne M Reus
- Alzheimer Center Amsterdam, Neurology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Amsterdam Neuroscience, Neurodegeneration, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Betty Tijms
- Alzheimer Center Amsterdam, Neurology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Amsterdam Neuroscience, Neurodegeneration, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Pieter Jelle Visser
- Alzheimer Center Amsterdam, Neurology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Amsterdam Neuroscience, Neurodegeneration, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Department of Psychiatry, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Sven J van der Lee
- Alzheimer Center Amsterdam, Neurology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Amsterdam Neuroscience, Neurodegeneration, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Genomics of Neurodegenerative Diseases and Aging, Department of Human Genetics, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Yolande A L Pijnenburg
- Alzheimer Center Amsterdam, Neurology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Amsterdam Neuroscience, Neurodegeneration, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Charlotte E Teunissen
- Neurochemistry Laboratory, Department of Clinical Chemistry, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Location VUmc, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Marta Del Campo Milan
- Departamento de Ciencias Farmacéuticas y de la Salud, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad San Pablo CEU, CEU Universities, Madrid, Spain
- Barcelonaβeta Brain Research Center, Pasqual Maragall Foundation, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ignacio Alvarez
- Memory Disorders Unit, Department of Neurology, University Hospital Mutua Terrassa, Terrassa, Spain
| | - Miquel Aguilar
- Memory Disorders Unit, Department of Neurology, University Hospital Mutua Terrassa, Terrassa, Spain
| | - Michael D Greicius
- Wu Tsai Neurosciences Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Pau Pastor
- Memory Disorders Unit, Department of Neurology, University Hospital Mutua Terrassa, Terrassa, Spain
- Unit of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Department of Neurology, University Hospital Germans Trias i Pujol and the Germans Trias i Pujol Research Institute (IGTP) Badalona, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Laura Ibanez
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
- NeuroGenomics and Informatics Center, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Tony Wyss-Coray
- Wu Tsai Neurosciences Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Yun Ju Sung
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
- NeuroGenomics and Informatics Center, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
- Division of Biostatistics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Carlos Cruchaga
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA.
- NeuroGenomics and Informatics Center, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA.
- Hope Center for Neurological Disorders, Washington University, St. Louis, MO, USA.
- Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA.
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11
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Dustin CM, Shiva SS, Vazquez A, Saeed A, Pascoal T, Cifuentes-Pagano E, Pagano PJ. NOX2 in Alzheimer's and Parkinson's disease. Redox Biol 2024; 78:103433. [PMID: 39616884 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2024.103433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2024] [Revised: 11/13/2024] [Accepted: 11/14/2024] [Indexed: 12/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's Disease (AD), and related dementias, represent a growing concern for the worldwide population given the increased numbers of people of advanced age. Marked by significant degradation of neurological tissues and critical processes, in addition to more specific factors such as the presence of amyloid plaques and neurofibrillary tangles in AD, robust discussion is ongoing regarding the precise mechanisms by which these diseases arise. One of the major interests in recent years has been the contribution of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and, particularly, the contribution of the ROS-generating NADPH Oxidase proteins. NADPH Oxidase 2 (NOX2), the prototypical member of the family, represents a particularly interesting target for study given its close association with vascular and inflammatory processes in all tissues, including the brain, and the association of these processes with AD development and progression. In this review, we discuss the most relevant and recent work regarding the contribution of NOX2 to AD progression in neuronal, microglial, and cerebrovascular signaling. Furthermore, we will discuss the most promising NOX2-targeted therapeutics for potential AD management and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher M Dustin
- Pittsburgh Heart, Lung, Blood and Vascular Medicine Institute, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15261, USA; Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15261, USA
| | - Sruti S Shiva
- Pittsburgh Heart, Lung, Blood and Vascular Medicine Institute, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15261, USA; Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15261, USA
| | - Alberto Vazquez
- Department of Radiology, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 1526, USA; Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 1526, USA
| | - Anum Saeed
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15261, USA
| | - Tharick Pascoal
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15261, USA
| | - Eugenia Cifuentes-Pagano
- Pittsburgh Heart, Lung, Blood and Vascular Medicine Institute, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15261, USA; Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15261, USA
| | - Patrick J Pagano
- Pittsburgh Heart, Lung, Blood and Vascular Medicine Institute, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15261, USA; Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15261, USA.
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12
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Naderi Yeganeh P, Kwak SS, Jorfi M, Koler K, Kalatturu T, von Maydell D, Liu Z, Guo K, Choi Y, Park J, Abarca N, Bakiasi G, Cetinbas M, Sadreyev R, Griciuc A, Quinti L, Choi SH, Xia W, Tanzi RE, Hide W, Kim DY. Integrative pathway analysis across humans and 3D cellular models identifies the p38 MAPK-MK2 axis as a therapeutic target for Alzheimer's disease. Neuron 2024:S0896-6273(24)00800-6. [PMID: 39610246 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuron.2024.10.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Revised: 08/29/2024] [Accepted: 10/31/2024] [Indexed: 11/30/2024]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) presents a complex pathological landscape, posing challenges to current therapeutic strategies that primarily target amyloid-β (Aβ). Using a novel integrative pathway activity analysis (IPAA), we identified 83 dysregulated pathways common between both post-mortem AD brains and three-dimensional AD cellular models showing robust Aβ42 accumulation. p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) was the most upregulated common pathway. Active p38 MAPK levels increased in the cellular models, human brains, and 5XFAD mice and selectively localized to presynaptic dystrophic neurites. Unbiased phosphoproteomics confirmed increased phosphorylation of p38 MAPK substrates. Downstream activation of MAPK-activated protein kinase 2 (MK2) plays a crucial role in Aβ42-p38 MAPK-mediated tau pathology. Therapeutic targeting of the p38 MAPK-MK2 axis with selective inhibitors significantly reduced Aβ42-driven tau pathology and neuronal loss. IPAA prioritizes the best models to derisk target-drug discovery by integrating human tissue gene expression with functional readouts from cellular models, enabling the identification and validation of high-confidence AD therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pourya Naderi Yeganeh
- Department of Pathology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Sang Su Kwak
- Genetics and Aging Research Unit, MassGeneral Institute for Neurodegenerative Disease, Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA; McCance Center for Brain Health, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Mehdi Jorfi
- Genetics and Aging Research Unit, MassGeneral Institute for Neurodegenerative Disease, Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA; McCance Center for Brain Health, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Katjuša Koler
- Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience, Department of Neuroscience, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Thejesh Kalatturu
- Genetics and Aging Research Unit, MassGeneral Institute for Neurodegenerative Disease, Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA; McCance Center for Brain Health, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Djuna von Maydell
- Genetics and Aging Research Unit, MassGeneral Institute for Neurodegenerative Disease, Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA; Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Zhiqing Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, Physiology and Biophysics, Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Younjung Choi
- Genetics and Aging Research Unit, MassGeneral Institute for Neurodegenerative Disease, Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA
| | - Joseph Park
- Genetics and Aging Research Unit, MassGeneral Institute for Neurodegenerative Disease, Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA; McCance Center for Brain Health, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Nelson Abarca
- Genetics and Aging Research Unit, MassGeneral Institute for Neurodegenerative Disease, Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA; McCance Center for Brain Health, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Grisilda Bakiasi
- Genetics and Aging Research Unit, MassGeneral Institute for Neurodegenerative Disease, Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA; McCance Center for Brain Health, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Murat Cetinbas
- Department of Molecular Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ruslan Sadreyev
- Department of Molecular Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ana Griciuc
- Genetics and Aging Research Unit, MassGeneral Institute for Neurodegenerative Disease, Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA; McCance Center for Brain Health, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Luisa Quinti
- Genetics and Aging Research Unit, MassGeneral Institute for Neurodegenerative Disease, Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA; McCance Center for Brain Health, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Se Hoon Choi
- Genetics and Aging Research Unit, MassGeneral Institute for Neurodegenerative Disease, Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA; McCance Center for Brain Health, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Weiming Xia
- Department of Pharmacology, Physiology and Biophysics, Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA; Geriatric Research Education and Clinical Center, Bedford VA Healthcare System, Bedford, MA, USA; Department of Biological Sciences, University of Massachusetts Kennedy College of Science, Lowell, MA, USA
| | - Rudolph E Tanzi
- Genetics and Aging Research Unit, MassGeneral Institute for Neurodegenerative Disease, Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA; McCance Center for Brain Health, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA.
| | - Winston Hide
- Department of Pathology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience, Department of Neuroscience, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK.
| | - Doo Yeon Kim
- Genetics and Aging Research Unit, MassGeneral Institute for Neurodegenerative Disease, Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA; McCance Center for Brain Health, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA.
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13
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Hanuska A, Ribiczey P, Kató E, Papp ZT, Varga ZV, Giricz Z, Tóth ZE, Könczöl K, Zsembery Á, Zelles T, Harsing LG, Köles L. Potentiation of NMDA Receptors by AT1 Angiotensin Receptor Activation in Layer V Pyramidal Neurons of the Rat Prefrontal Cortex. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:12644. [PMID: 39684355 DOI: 10.3390/ijms252312644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2024] [Revised: 11/10/2024] [Accepted: 11/20/2024] [Indexed: 12/18/2024] Open
Abstract
NMDA receptors in the prefrontal cortex (PFC) play a crucial role in cognitive functions. Previous research has indicated that angiotensin II (Ang II) affects learning and memory. This study aimed to examine how Ang II impacts NMDA receptor activity in layer V pyramidal cells of the rat PFC. Whole-cell patch-clamp experiments were performed in pyramidal cells in brain slices of 9-12-day-old rats. NMDA (30 μM) induced inward currents. Ang II (0.001-1 µM) significantly enhanced NMDA currents in about 40% of pyramidal cells. This enhancement was reversed by the AT1 antagonist eprosartan (1 µM), but not by the AT2 receptor antagonist PD 123319 (5 μM). When pyramidal neurons were synaptically isolated, the increase in NMDA currents due to Ang II was eliminated. Additionally, the dopamine D1 receptor antagonist SCH 23390 (10 μM) reversed the Ang II-induced enhancement, whereas the D2 receptor antagonist sulpiride (20 μM) had no effect. The potentiation of NMDA currents in a subpopulation of layer V pyramidal neurons by Ang II, involving AT1 receptor activation and dopaminergic signaling, may serve as an underlying mechanism for the effects of the renin-angiotensin system (RAS) elements on neuronal functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrienn Hanuska
- Department of Oral Biology, Semmelweis University, H-1089 Budapest, Hungary
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Semmelweis University, H-1089 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Polett Ribiczey
- Department of Oral Biology, Semmelweis University, H-1089 Budapest, Hungary
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Semmelweis University, H-1089 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Erzsébet Kató
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Semmelweis University, H-1089 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Zsolt Tamás Papp
- Department of Oral Biology, Semmelweis University, H-1089 Budapest, Hungary
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Semmelweis University, H-1089 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Zoltán V Varga
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Semmelweis University, H-1089 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Zoltán Giricz
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Semmelweis University, H-1089 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Zsuzsanna E Tóth
- Laboratory of Neuroendocrinology and In Situ Hybridization, Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Semmelweis University, H-1094 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Katalin Könczöl
- Laboratory of Neuroendocrinology and In Situ Hybridization, Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Semmelweis University, H-1094 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Ákos Zsembery
- Department of Oral Biology, Semmelweis University, H-1089 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Tibor Zelles
- Department of Oral Biology, Semmelweis University, H-1089 Budapest, Hungary
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Semmelweis University, H-1089 Budapest, Hungary
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, HUN-REN Institute of Experimental Medicine, H-1083 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Laszlo G Harsing
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Semmelweis University, H-1089 Budapest, Hungary
| | - László Köles
- Department of Oral Biology, Semmelweis University, H-1089 Budapest, Hungary
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Semmelweis University, H-1089 Budapest, Hungary
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14
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Liang Q, Liu D, Zhu B, Wang F. NMDAR-CaMKII Pathway as a Central Regulator of Aggressiveness: Evidence from Transcriptomic and Metabolomic Analysis in Swimming Crabs Portunus trituberculatus. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:12560. [PMID: 39684272 DOI: 10.3390/ijms252312560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2024] [Revised: 11/19/2024] [Accepted: 11/21/2024] [Indexed: 12/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Aggressiveness is one of the personality traits of crustaceans, playing a crucial role in their growth, life history, and adaptability by influencing resource acquisition. However, the neuroregulatory mechanisms of aggressiveness in crustaceans remain poorly understood. The thoracic ganglion offers valuable insights into complementary aspects of aggression control. This study identified the aggressiveness of swimming crabs Portunus trituberculatus, conducted transcriptomic and metabolomic analyses of the thoracic ganglia, and confirmed the neural regulatory effects on aggressiveness. Behavioral analyses showed that highly aggressive individuals exhibited increased frequency and duration of chela extension, more frequent attacks, approaches and retreats, as well as extended movement distances. Omics analysis revealed 11 key candidate genes and three metabolites associated with aggressiveness, which were primarily enriched in pathways related to energy metabolism and neurodegeneration. Injection of an NMDAR activator significantly decreased aggressiveness in highly aggressive crabs, accompanied by a significant increase in NMDAR protein fluorescence intensity and downregulation of NR2B, CaMKII, and CREB genes. Conversely, when lowly aggressive crabs were injected with an NMDAR inhibitor, they showed increased aggressiveness alongside significantly decreased NMDAR protein fluorescence intensity, upregulated NR2B expression, and downregulated CaMKII and CREB genes. These results suggest that NMDAR within the thoracic ganglia serves as a key receptor in modulating aggressiveness in P. trituberculatus, potentially by influencing neural energy state via the NMDAR-CaMKII pathway, which in turn affects oxidative phosphorylation, cAMP, and FoxO pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qihang Liang
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Dapeng Liu
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Boshan Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Fang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
- Function Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Laoshan Laboratory, Qingdao 266237, China
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15
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Tangavelou K, Bhaskar K. The Mechanistic Link Between Tau-Driven Proteotoxic Stress and Cellular Senescence in Alzheimer's Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:12335. [PMID: 39596399 PMCID: PMC11595124 DOI: 10.3390/ijms252212335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2024] [Revised: 11/09/2024] [Accepted: 11/13/2024] [Indexed: 11/28/2024] Open
Abstract
In Alzheimer's disease (AD), tau dissociates from microtubules (MTs) due to hyperphosphorylation and misfolding. It is degraded by various mechanisms, including the 20S proteasome, chaperone-mediated autophagy (CMA), 26S proteasome, macroautophagy, and aggrephagy. Neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs) form upon the impairment of aggrephagy, and eventually, the ubiquitin chaperone valosin-containing protein (VCP) and heat shock 70 kDa protein (HSP70) are recruited to the sites of NFTs for the extraction of tau for the ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS)-mediated degradation. However, the impairment of tau degradation in neurons allows tau to be secreted into the extracellular space. Secreted tau can be monomers, oligomers, and paired helical filaments (PHFs), which are seeding competent pathological tau that can be endocytosed/phagocytosed by healthy neurons, microglia, astrocytes, oligodendrocyte progenitor cells (OPCs), and oligodendrocytes, often causing proteotoxic stress and eventually triggers senescence. Senescent cells secrete various senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP) factors, which trigger cellular atrophy, causing decreased brain volume in human AD. However, the molecular mechanisms of proteotoxic stress and cellular senescence are not entirely understood and are an emerging area of research. Therefore, this comprehensive review summarizes pertinent studies that provided evidence for the sequential tau degradation, failure, and the mechanistic link between tau-driven proteotoxic stress and cellular senescence in AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karthikeyan Tangavelou
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA
| | - Kiran Bhaskar
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA
- Department of Neurology, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA
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16
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Dhurandhar Y, Tomar S, Namdeo KP, Bodakhe SH. Excitatory amino acids as therapeutic agents: Reversing neurodegenerative trajectory by tackling excitotoxicity. Neurol Sci 2024:10.1007/s10072-024-07880-3. [PMID: 39542999 DOI: 10.1007/s10072-024-07880-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2024] [Accepted: 11/04/2024] [Indexed: 11/17/2024]
Abstract
Neurodegenerative diseases pose significant challenges to healthcare systems globally due to their complex etiology and relentless progression, often rendering conventional treatments ineffective. Recent advances have spotlighted excitatory amino acids, particularly D-amino acids, once considered as products of metabolism of the microbiota or deriving from food intake. This review explores the role of D-amino acids in mitigating excitotoxicity-a process characterized by excessive calcium influx through aberrant N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) activation, which is implicated in the pathogenesis of diseases like Alzheimer's disease. By providing alternative pathways for neuronal signaling and protecting against excitotoxic damage, D-amino acids offer a novel approach to reversing neurodegenerative trajectories. Future research should focus on elucidating the detailed mechanisms of action of these compounds, evaluating their therapeutic potential through rigorous preclinical and clinical trials, and developing effective delivery systems to optimize their neuroprotective effects. This emerging field holds promise for developing innovative treatment strategies that could significantly improve outcomes for patients with neurodegenerative disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yogita Dhurandhar
- Department of Pharmacy, Guru Ghasidas Vishwavidyalaya (A Central University), Bilaspur Chhattisgarh, 495009, India
| | - Shubham Tomar
- National Coordination Centre, Pharmacovigilance Programme of India, Indian Pharmacopoeia Commission, Ministry of Health & Family Welfare, Government of India, Sector 23, Rajnagar, Ghaziabad, 201002, Uttar Pradesh, India.
| | - Kamta P Namdeo
- Department of Pharmacy, Guru Ghasidas Vishwavidyalaya (A Central University), Bilaspur Chhattisgarh, 495009, India
| | - Surendra H Bodakhe
- Department of Pharmacy, Guru Ghasidas Vishwavidyalaya (A Central University), Bilaspur Chhattisgarh, 495009, India
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17
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Wang F, Huang X, Wang W, Li X, Hao M, Taylor EW, Zhang J. L-Theanine Effectively Protects Against Copper-Facilitated Dopamine Oxidation: Implication for Relieving Dopamine Overflow-Associated Neurotoxicities. Mol Neurobiol 2024:10.1007/s12035-024-04601-x. [PMID: 39499422 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-024-04601-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2024] [Accepted: 10/27/2024] [Indexed: 11/07/2024]
Abstract
Non-physiological disorders release dopamine into extracellular brain fluid to induce neurodegenerative brain diseases. The harmful mechanism of dopamine overflow is attributed to the dopamine-mediated production of hydroxyl radicals, suggesting that transition metal copper which is high in the brain is involved in promoting dopamine oxidation. MPP+ , an intermediate formed from the conversion of MPTP, is one of the most potent dopamine-releasing agents. It has been reported that L-theanine could improve motor dysfunction in MPTP-treated mice, suggesting that L-theanine may restrain copper-mediated oxidation of released dopamine. The present study examined the influences of L-theanine on extracellular dopamine-mediated cytotoxicity in the absence and presence of copper in SH-SY5Y cells. L-theanine significantly but only moderately suppressed cytotoxicity caused by dopamine alone. Surprisingly, dopamine together with copper rapidly and dramatically caused apoptotic responses by massively disrupting redox homeostasis. Nonetheless, L-theanine exhibited an extraordinary protective effect against these devastating events by chelating copper. The above great contrast in terms of copper could be recapitulated in a cell-free system. Though L-theanine reduced dopamine autoxidation as detected by HPLC, the capacity was not impressive, since a molar ratio of 10,000 (L-theanine to dopamine) was required for fully suppressing dopamine decrease. However, HPLC measurement showed that L-theanine was highly efficient in suppressing copper-mediated dopamine oxidation because only a molar ratio of 10 was required for fully suppressing dopamine decrease. Since copper plays a crucial role in promoting extracellular dopamine oxidation, our results suggest that L-theanine by chelating copper is an attractive food-based protective agent against dopamine overflow.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fuming Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, School of Tea & Food Science, Joint Research Center for Food Nutrition and Health of IHM, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, China
| | - Xiaoyu Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, School of Tea & Food Science, Joint Research Center for Food Nutrition and Health of IHM, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, China
| | - Wenping Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, School of Tea & Food Science, Joint Research Center for Food Nutrition and Health of IHM, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, China
| | - Xiuli Li
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, School of Tea & Food Science, Joint Research Center for Food Nutrition and Health of IHM, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, China
| | - Meng Hao
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, School of Tea & Food Science, Joint Research Center for Food Nutrition and Health of IHM, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, China
| | - Ethan Will Taylor
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, NC, 27402, USA
| | - Jinsong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, School of Tea & Food Science, Joint Research Center for Food Nutrition and Health of IHM, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, China.
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18
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Shao J, Deng Q, Feng S, Wu C, Liu X, Yang L. Role of astrocytes in Alzheimer's disease pathogenesis and the impact of exercise-induced remodeling. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2024; 732:150418. [PMID: 39032410 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2024.150418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2024] [Revised: 07/11/2024] [Accepted: 07/16/2024] [Indexed: 07/23/2024]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a prevalent and debilitating brain disorder that worsens progressively with age, characterized by cognitive decline and memory impairment. The accumulation of amyloid-beta (Aβ) leading to amyloid plaques and hyperphosphorylation of Tau, resulting in intracellular neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs), are primary pathological features of AD. Despite significant research investment and effort, therapies targeting Aβ and NFTs have proven limited in efficacy for treating or slowing AD progression. Consequently, there is a growing interest in non-invasive therapeutic strategies for AD prevention. Exercise, a low-cost and non-invasive intervention, has demonstrated promising neuroprotective potential in AD prevention. Astrocytes, among the most abundant glial cells in the brain, play essential roles in various physiological processes and are implicated in AD initiation and progression. Exercise delays pathological progression and mitigates cognitive dysfunction in AD by modulating astrocyte morphological and phenotypic changes and fostering crosstalk with other glial cells. This review aims to consolidate the current understanding of how exercise influences astrocyte dynamics in AD, with a focus on elucidating the molecular and cellular mechanisms underlying astrocyte remodeling. The review begins with an overview of the neuropathological changes observed in AD, followed by an examination of astrocyte dysfunction as a feature of the disease. Lastly, the review explores the potential therapeutic implications of exercise-induced astrocyte remodeling in the context of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Shao
- Laboratory of Exercise and Neurobiology, School of Physical Education and Sports Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Qianting Deng
- Laboratory of Exercise and Neurobiology, School of Physical Education and Sports Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Shu Feng
- Laboratory of Exercise and Neurobiology, School of Physical Education and Sports Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Chongyun Wu
- Laboratory of Exercise and Neurobiology, School of Physical Education and Sports Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
| | - Xiaocao Liu
- Laboratory of Exercise and Neurobiology, School of Physical Education and Sports Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
| | - Luodan Yang
- Laboratory of Exercise and Neurobiology, School of Physical Education and Sports Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
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19
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Ning L, Shen R, Xie B, Jiang Y, Geng X, Dong W. AMPA receptors in Alzheimer disease: Pathological changes and potential therapeutic targets. J Neuropathol Exp Neurol 2024; 83:895-906. [PMID: 39235983 DOI: 10.1093/jnen/nlae093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer disease (AD) is a prevalent neurodegenerative disorder that affects synapses and leads to progressive cognitive decline. The role of N-methyl-D-aspartic acid (NMDA) receptors in the pathogenesis of AD is well-established as they contribute to excitotoxicity and neurodegeneration in the pathological process of extrasynaptic glutamate concentration. However, the therapeutic potential of the NMDA receptor antagonist memantine in rescuing synaptic damage is limited. Research indicates that α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionate (AMPA) receptors also play a significant role in AD. Abnormal transcription, expression, and localization of AMPA receptors lead to synaptic dysfunction and damage, contributing to early cognitive impairment in AD patients. Understanding the impact of AMPA receptors on AD pathogenesis and exploring the potential for the development of AMPA receptor-targeting drugs are crucial. This review aims to consolidate recent research findings on AMPA receptors in AD, elucidate the current state of AMPA receptor research and lay the foundation for future basic research and drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luying Ning
- Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology, Ministry of Education & Medical Electrophysiological Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Institute of Cardiovascular Research, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Rongjing Shen
- Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology, Ministry of Education & Medical Electrophysiological Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Institute of Cardiovascular Research, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Bingqing Xie
- Laboratory of Neurological Diseases and Brain Function, Institute of Epigenetics and Brain Science, Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Yong Jiang
- Laboratory of Neurological Diseases and Brain Function, Institute of Epigenetics and Brain Science, Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Xiaoqi Geng
- Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology, Ministry of Education & Medical Electrophysiological Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Institute of Cardiovascular Research, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Wei Dong
- Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology, Ministry of Education & Medical Electrophysiological Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Institute of Cardiovascular Research, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
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Gehlot P, Pathak R, Kumar S, Choudhary NK, Vyas VK. A review on synthetic inhibitors of dual-specific tyrosine phosphorylation-regulated kinase 1A (DYRK1A) for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Bioorg Med Chem 2024; 113:117925. [PMID: 39357433 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2024.117925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2024] [Revised: 09/09/2024] [Accepted: 09/10/2024] [Indexed: 10/04/2024]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a complex disorder that is influenced by a number of variables, such as age, gender, environmental factors, disease, lifestyle, infections, and many more. The main characteristic of AD is the formation of amyloid plaque and neurofibrillary tangles (NFT), which are caused by various reasons such as inflammation, impairment of neurotransmitters, hyperphosphorylation of tau protein, generation of toxic amyloid beta (Aβ) 40/42, oxidative stress, etc. Protein kinases located in chromosome 21, namely dual-specific tyrosine phosphorylation-regulated kinase 1A (DYRK1A), play an essential role in the pathogenesis of AD. DYRK1A stimulates the Aβ peptide aggregation and phosphorylation of tau protein to generate the NFT formation that causes neurodegeneration. Thus, DYRK1A is associated with AD, and inhibition of DYRK1A has the potential to treat AD. In this review, we discussed the pathophysiology of AD, various factors responsible for AD, and the role of DYRK1A in AD. We have also discussed the latest therapeutic potential of DYRK1A inhibitors for neurogenerative disease, along with their structure-activity relationship (SAR) studies. This article provides valuable information for guiding the future discovery of novel and target-specific DYRK1A inhibitors over other kinases and their structural optimization to treat AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pinky Gehlot
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, Nirma University, Ahmedabad 382481, Gujarat, India
| | - Rekha Pathak
- B R Nahata College of Pharmacy, Mandsaur University, Mandsaur 458001, Madhya Pradesh, India; Gyan Ganga Institute of Technology and Sciences, Jabalpur 482003, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Sunil Kumar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology (Banaras Hindu University), Varanasi 221005, India
| | - Naveen Kumar Choudhary
- B R Nahata College of Pharmacy, Mandsaur University, Mandsaur 458001, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Vivek Kumar Vyas
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, Nirma University, Ahmedabad 382481, Gujarat, India.
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21
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Bao N, Liu J, Wang H, Xing L, Xie Z, Liu C, Jin S, Jia J, Zhang M, Fan J. Drug Repurposing and Screening for Multiple Sclerosis Targeting Microglia and Macrophages. Mol Neurobiol 2024:10.1007/s12035-024-04602-w. [PMID: 39485630 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-024-04602-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2024] [Accepted: 10/27/2024] [Indexed: 11/03/2024]
Abstract
Microglia/macrophages (MG/Mφ) play a central role in the pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis (MS). However, the intricacies of the immunomodulatory microenvironment in MS, particularly the heterogeneity and regulatory mechanisms of MG/Mφ subpopulations, remain elusive. The commonly used treatment options for MS have several drawbacks, such as significant side effects and uncertain efficacy. The exploration of developing new drugs targeting MG/Mφ for the treatment of MS remains to be investigated. We identified three distinct subpopulations of MG/Mφ, among which MG/Mφ_3 significantly increased as the experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) progressed. Ifenprodil and RO-25-6981 demonstrated notable inhibition of inflammatory factor expression, accompanied by reduced cytotoxicity. The interaction modes of these compounds with the common binding pocket in the GluN1b-GluN2B amino terminal domain heterodimer were elucidated. Virtual docking, based on the N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor, showed that homo-skeleton compounds of ifenprodil potentially exhibit low binding free energy with the receptor, including eliprodil and volinanserin. In vitro cell models corroborated the effective inhibition of inflammatory factor expression and minimal cytotoxicity of eliprodil and volinanserin. CoMFA (standard error of estimate = 0.378, R2 = 0.928, F values = 241.255, Prob. of R2 = 0) and topomer CoMFA (q2 = 0.553, q2 stderr = 0.77, intercept = - 1.48, r2 = 0.908, r2 stderr = 0.35) were established based on the inhibitors of NMDA receptor. The contour maps of CoMFA and topomer CoMFA models give structural information to improve the inhibitory function. This study underscores the involvement of MG/Mφ in inflammatory pathways during MS progression and offers promising compound candidates for MS therapy targeting MG/Mφ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nandi Bao
- Senior Department of Cardiology, the Sixth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100048, China
| | - Jing Liu
- Institute of Geriatrics, National Clinical Research Center of Geriatrics Disease, the Second Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100853, China
| | - Heran Wang
- Institute of Geriatrics, National Clinical Research Center of Geriatrics Disease, the Second Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100853, China
| | - Lei Xing
- Institute of Geriatrics, National Clinical Research Center of Geriatrics Disease, the Second Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100853, China
| | - Zhonghui Xie
- Department of Cardiology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, 300052, China
| | - Chuanbin Liu
- Institute of Geriatrics, National Clinical Research Center of Geriatrics Disease, the Second Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100853, China
| | - Shaowei Jin
- National Supercomputing Shenzhen Center, Shenzhen, 518052, China
| | - Jianjun Jia
- Institute of Geriatrics, National Clinical Research Center of Geriatrics Disease, the Second Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100853, China.
| | - Minghua Zhang
- Medical Supplies Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100853, China.
| | - Jiao Fan
- Institute of Geriatrics, National Clinical Research Center of Geriatrics Disease, the Second Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100853, China.
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22
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Shen Y, Timsina J, Heo G, Beric A, Ali M, Wang C, Yang C, Wang Y, Western D, Liu M, Gorijala P, Budde J, Do A, Liu H, Gordon B, Llibre-Guerra JJ, Joseph-Mathurin N, Perrin RJ, Maschi D, Wyss-Coray T, Pastor P, Renton AE, Surace EI, Johnson ECB, Levey AI, Alvarez I, Levin J, Ringman JM, Allegri RF, Seyfried N, Day GS, Wu Q, Fernández MV, Tarawneh R, McDade E, Morris JC, Bateman RJ, Goate A, Ibanez L, Sung YJ, Cruchaga C. CSF proteomics identifies early changes in autosomal dominant Alzheimer's disease. Cell 2024; 187:6309-6326.e15. [PMID: 39332414 PMCID: PMC11531390 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2024.08.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Revised: 07/02/2024] [Accepted: 08/23/2024] [Indexed: 09/29/2024]
Abstract
In this high-throughput proteomic study of autosomal dominant Alzheimer's disease (ADAD), we sought to identify early biomarkers in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) for disease monitoring and treatment strategies. We examined CSF proteins in 286 mutation carriers (MCs) and 177 non-carriers (NCs). The developed multi-layer regression model distinguished proteins with different pseudo-trajectories between these groups. We validated our findings with independent ADAD as well as sporadic AD datasets and employed machine learning to develop and validate predictive models. Our study identified 137 proteins with distinct trajectories between MCs and NCs, including eight that changed before traditional AD biomarkers. These proteins are grouped into three stages: early stage (stress response, glutamate metabolism, neuron mitochondrial damage), middle stage (neuronal death, apoptosis), and late presymptomatic stage (microglial changes, cell communication). The predictive model revealed a six-protein subset that more effectively differentiated MCs from NCs, compared with conventional biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyuan Shen
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; NeuroGenomics and Informatics, Washington University, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Jigyasha Timsina
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; NeuroGenomics and Informatics, Washington University, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Gyujin Heo
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; NeuroGenomics and Informatics, Washington University, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Aleksandra Beric
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; NeuroGenomics and Informatics, Washington University, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Muhammad Ali
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; NeuroGenomics and Informatics, Washington University, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Ciyang Wang
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; NeuroGenomics and Informatics, Washington University, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Chengran Yang
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; NeuroGenomics and Informatics, Washington University, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Yueyao Wang
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; NeuroGenomics and Informatics, Washington University, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Daniel Western
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; NeuroGenomics and Informatics, Washington University, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Menghan Liu
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; NeuroGenomics and Informatics, Washington University, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Priyanka Gorijala
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; NeuroGenomics and Informatics, Washington University, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - John Budde
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; NeuroGenomics and Informatics, Washington University, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Anh Do
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; NeuroGenomics and Informatics, Washington University, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Haiyan Liu
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Brian Gordon
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Jorge J Llibre-Guerra
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Nelly Joseph-Mathurin
- Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University St Louis, St Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Richard J Perrin
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Dario Maschi
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, Washington University St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Tony Wyss-Coray
- Wu Tsai Neurosciences Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Department of Neurology & Neurological Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Pau Pastor
- Unit of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Department of Neurology, University Hospital Germans Trias i Pujol and The Germans Trias i Pujol Research Institute (IGTP), Badalona, Barcelona 08916, Spain
| | - Alan E Renton
- Ronald M. Loeb Center for Alzheimer's Disease, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; Nash Family Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Ezequiel I Surace
- Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Institute of Neurosciences (INEU-Fleni-CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Erik C B Johnson
- Goizueta Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30307, USA; Department of Neurology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30307, USA
| | - Allan I Levey
- Department of Neurology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30307, USA
| | - Ignacio Alvarez
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Mútua de Terrassa and Fundació Docència i Recerca Mútua de Terrassa, Terrassa 08221, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Johannes Levin
- Department of Neurology, LMU University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich 80336, Germany; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, site Munich, Munich 80336, Germany
| | - John M Ringman
- Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, Department of Neurology, Keck School of Medicine at USC, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
| | - Ricardo Francisco Allegri
- Department of Cognitive Neurology, Neuropsychology and Neuropsychiatry, FLENI, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Nicholas Seyfried
- Department of Biochemistry, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30307, USA
| | - Gregg S Day
- Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic in Florida, Jacksonville, FL 32224, USA
| | - Qisi Wu
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | | | - Rawan Tarawneh
- The University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA
| | - Eric McDade
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - John C Morris
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Randall J Bateman
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Alison Goate
- Ronald M. Loeb Center for Alzheimer's Disease, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Laura Ibanez
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; NeuroGenomics and Informatics, Washington University, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Yun Ju Sung
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; NeuroGenomics and Informatics, Washington University, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Carlos Cruchaga
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; NeuroGenomics and Informatics, Washington University, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA.
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23
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Li Y, Fu J, Wang H. Advancements in Targeting Ion Channels for the Treatment of Neurodegenerative Diseases. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2024; 17:1462. [PMID: 39598374 PMCID: PMC11597607 DOI: 10.3390/ph17111462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2024] [Revised: 10/20/2024] [Accepted: 10/29/2024] [Indexed: 11/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Ion channels are integral membrane proteins embedded in biological membranes, and they comprise specific proteins that control the flow of ion transporters in and out of cells, playing crucial roles in the biological functions of different cells. They maintain the homeostasis of water and ion metabolism by facilitating ion transport and participate in the physiological processes of neurons and glial cells by regulating signaling pathways. Neurodegenerative diseases are a group of disorders characterized by the progressive loss of neurons in the central nervous system (CNS) or peripheral nervous system (PNS). Despite significant progress in understanding the pathophysiological processes of various neurological diseases in recent years, effective treatments for mitigating the damage caused by these diseases remain inadequate. Increasing evidence suggests that ion channels are closely associated with neuroinflammation; oxidative stress; and the characteristic proteins in neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD), Huntington's disease (HD), amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), and multiple sclerosis (MS). Therefore, studying the pathogenic mechanisms closely related to ion channels in neurodegenerative diseases can help identify more effective therapeutic targets for treating neurodegenerative diseases. Here, we discuss the progress of research on ion channels in different neurodegenerative diseases and emphasize the feasibility and potential of treating such diseases from the perspective of ion channels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxuan Li
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of Hebei Province, Institute of Biophysics, School of Health Sciences and Biomedical Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300401, China; (Y.L.); (J.F.)
| | - Jingxuan Fu
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of Hebei Province, Institute of Biophysics, School of Health Sciences and Biomedical Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300401, China; (Y.L.); (J.F.)
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300401, China
| | - Hui Wang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of Hebei Province, Institute of Biophysics, School of Health Sciences and Biomedical Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300401, China; (Y.L.); (J.F.)
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24
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Yang W, Shi Y, Zhang Y, Yang Y, Du Y, Yang Z, Wang X, Lei T, Xu Y, Chen Y, Tong F, Wang Y, Huang Q, Hu C, Gao H. Intranasal Carrier-Free Nanomodulator Addresses Both Symptomatology and Etiology of Alzheimer's Disease by Restoring Neuron Plasticity and Reprogramming Lesion Microenvironment. ACS NANO 2024; 18:29779-29793. [PMID: 39415568 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.4c09449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2024]
Abstract
The unsatisfactory treatment outcome of Alzheimer's disease (AD) can be attributed to two primary factors, the intricate pathogenic mechanisms leading to restricted treatment effectiveness against single targets and the hindered drug accumulation in brain due to blood-brain barrier obstruction. Therefore, we developed a carrier-free nanomodulator (NanoDS) through the self-assembly of donepezil and simvastatin for direct nose-to-brain delivery. This approach facilitated a rapid and efficient traversal through the nasal epithelial barrier, enabling subsequent drug release and achieving multiple therapeutic effects. Among them, donepezil effectively ameliorated the symptoms of AD and restored synaptic plasticity. Simvastatin exerted a neurotrophic effect and facilitated the clearance of amyloid-β aggregation. At the same time, NanoDS demonstrated effective anti-inflammatory and antioxidative stress effects. This therapy for AD is approached from both symptomatic and etiological perspectives. In the treatment of FAD4T transgenic mice, it highly improved spatial memory impairment and cognitive deficits while restoring the homeostasis of brain microenvironment. Collectively, our study presented a paradigm for both achieving efficient brain delivery and offering pleiotropic therapies for AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenqin Yang
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, PR China
| | - Yulong Shi
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, PR China
| | - Yiwei Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, PR China
| | - Yating Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, PR China
| | - Yufan Du
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, PR China
| | - Zixiao Yang
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, PR China
| | - Xiaorong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, PR China
| | - Ting Lei
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, PR China
| | - Yanyan Xu
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, PR China
| | - Yongke Chen
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, PR China
| | - Fan Tong
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, PR China
| | - Yazhen Wang
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, PR China
| | - Qianqian Huang
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, PR China
| | - Chuan Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, PR China
| | - Huile Gao
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, PR China
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Kang M, Farrell JJ, Zhu C, Park H, Kang S, Seo EH, Choi KY, Jun GR, Won S, Gim J, Lee KH, Farrer LA. Whole-genome sequencing study in Koreans identifies novel loci for Alzheimer's disease. Alzheimers Dement 2024. [PMID: 39428694 DOI: 10.1002/alz.14128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Revised: 06/06/2024] [Accepted: 06/18/2024] [Indexed: 10/22/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The genetic basis of Alzheimer's disease (AD) in Koreans is poorly understood. METHODS We performed an AD genome-wide association study using whole-genome sequence data from 3540 Koreans (1583 AD cases, 1957 controls) and single-nucleotide polymorphism array data from 2978 Japanese (1336 AD cases, 1642 controls). Significant findings were evaluated by pathway enrichment and differential gene expression analysis in brain tissue from controls and AD cases with and without dementia prior to death. RESULTS We identified genome-wide significant associations with APOE in the total sample and ROCK2 (rs76484417, p = 2.71×10-8) among APOE ε4 non-carriers. A study-wide significant association was found with aggregated rare variants in MICALL1 (MICAL like 1) (p = 9.04×10-7). Several novel AD-associated genes, including ROCK2 and MICALL1, were differentially expressed in AD cases compared to controls (p < 3.33×10-3). ROCK2 was also differentially expressed between AD cases with and without dementia (p = 1.34×10-4). DISCUSSION Our results provide insight into genetic mechanisms leading to AD and cognitive resilience in East Asians. HIGHLIGHTS Novel genome-wide significant associations for AD identified with ROCK2 and MICALL1. ROCK2 and MICALL1 are differentially expressed between AD cases and controls in the brain. This is the largest whole-genome-sequence study of AD in an East Asian population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moonil Kang
- Department of Medicine (Biomedical Genetics), Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - John J Farrell
- Department of Medicine (Biomedical Genetics), Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Congcong Zhu
- Department of Medicine (Biomedical Genetics), Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Hyeonseul Park
- Department of Integrative Biological Sciences, Chosun University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Sarang Kang
- Gwangju Alzheimer's and Related Dementia (GARD) Cohort Research Center, Chosun University, Dong-gu, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Hyun Seo
- Gwangju Alzheimer's and Related Dementia (GARD) Cohort Research Center, Chosun University, Dong-gu, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
- Premedical Science, College of Medicine, Chosun University, Dong-gu, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyu Yeong Choi
- Gwangju Alzheimer's and Related Dementia (GARD) Cohort Research Center, Chosun University, Dong-gu, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
- Kolab Inc., Dong-gu, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Gyungah R Jun
- Department of Medicine (Biomedical Genetics), Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Ophthalmology, Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Sungho Won
- Institute of Health and Environment, Seoul National University, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Graduate School of Public Health, Seoul National University, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- RexSoft Corps, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jungsoo Gim
- Department of Integrative Biological Sciences, Chosun University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
- Gwangju Alzheimer's and Related Dementia (GARD) Cohort Research Center, Chosun University, Dong-gu, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biomedical Science, Chosun University, Dong-gu, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
- Well-ageing Medicare Institute, Chosun University, Dong-gu, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Kun Ho Lee
- Department of Integrative Biological Sciences, Chosun University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
- Gwangju Alzheimer's and Related Dementia (GARD) Cohort Research Center, Chosun University, Dong-gu, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biomedical Science, Chosun University, Dong-gu, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
- Korea Brain Research Institute, Dong-gu, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Lindsay A Farrer
- Department of Medicine (Biomedical Genetics), Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Ophthalmology, Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Neurology, Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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Nakashima M, Suga N, Fukumoto A, Yoshikawa S, Matsuda S. Caveolae with serotonin and NMDA receptors as promising targets for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY, PATHOPHYSIOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2024; 16:96-110. [PMID: 39583750 PMCID: PMC11579522 DOI: 10.62347/mtwv3745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2024] [Accepted: 10/13/2024] [Indexed: 11/26/2024]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease is the most general type of cognitive impairments. Until recently, strategies that prevent its clinical progression have remained more elusive. Consequently, research direction should be for finding effective neuroprotective agents. It has been suggested oxidative stress, mitochondrial injury, and inflammation level might lead to brain cell death in many neurological disorders. Therefore, several autophagy-targeted bioactive compounds may be promising candidate therapeutics for the prevention of brain cell damage. Interestingly, some risk genes to Alzheimer's disease are expressed within brain cells, which may be linked to cholesterol metabolism, lipid transport, endocytosis, exocytosis and/or caveolae formation, suggesting that caveolae may be a fruitful therapeutic target to improve cognitive impairments. This review would highlight the latest advances in therapeutic technologies to improve the treatment of Alzheimer's disease. In particular, a paradigm that serotonin and N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) receptors agonist/antagonist within caveolae structure might possibly improve the cognitive impairment. Consequently, cellular membrane biophysics should improve our understanding of the pathology of the cognitive dysfunction associated with Alzheimer's disease. Here, this research direction for the purpose of therapy may open the potential to move a clinical care toward disease-modifying treatment strategies with certain benefits for patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moeka Nakashima
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Nara Women's University Kita-Uoya Nishimachi, Nara 630-8506, Japan
| | - Naoko Suga
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Nara Women's University Kita-Uoya Nishimachi, Nara 630-8506, Japan
| | - Akari Fukumoto
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Nara Women's University Kita-Uoya Nishimachi, Nara 630-8506, Japan
| | - Sayuri Yoshikawa
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Nara Women's University Kita-Uoya Nishimachi, Nara 630-8506, Japan
| | - Satoru Matsuda
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Nara Women's University Kita-Uoya Nishimachi, Nara 630-8506, Japan
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Meng L, Jin H, Yulug B, Altay O, Li X, Hanoglu L, Cankaya S, Coskun E, Idil E, Nogaylar R, Ozsimsek A, Shoaie S, Turkez H, Nielsen J, Zhang C, Borén J, Uhlén M, Mardinoglu A. Multi-omics analysis reveals the key factors involved in the severity of the Alzheimer's disease. Alzheimers Res Ther 2024; 16:213. [PMID: 39358810 PMCID: PMC11448018 DOI: 10.1186/s13195-024-01578-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2024] [Accepted: 09/22/2024] [Indexed: 10/04/2024]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a debilitating neurodegenerative disorder with a global impact, yet its pathogenesis remains poorly understood. While age, metabolic abnormalities, and accumulation of neurotoxic substances are potential risk factors for AD, their effects are confounded by other factors. To address this challenge, we first utilized multi-omics data from 87 well phenotyped AD patients and generated plasma proteomics and metabolomics data, as well as gut and saliva metagenomics data to investigate the molecular-level alterations accounting the host-microbiome interactions. Second, we analyzed individual omics data and identified the key parameters involved in the severity of the dementia in AD patients. Next, we employed Artificial Intelligence (AI) based models to predict AD severity based on the significantly altered features identified in each omics analysis. Based on our integrative analysis, we found the clinical relevance of plasma proteins, including SKAP1 and NEFL, plasma metabolites including homovanillate and glutamate, and Paraprevotella clara in gut microbiome in predicting the AD severity. Finally, we validated the predictive power of our AI based models by generating additional multi-omics data from the same group of AD patients by following up for 3 months. Hence, we observed that these results may have important implications for the development of potential diagnostic and therapeutic approaches for AD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingqi Meng
- Science for Life Laboratory, KTH - Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Han Jin
- Science for Life Laboratory, KTH - Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Burak Yulug
- Department of Neurology and Neuroscience, Faculty of Medicine, Alanya Alaaddin Keykubat University, Antalya, Turkey
| | - Ozlem Altay
- Science for Life Laboratory, KTH - Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Xiangyu Li
- Science for Life Laboratory, KTH - Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Lutfu Hanoglu
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul Medipol University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Seyda Cankaya
- Department of Neurology and Neuroscience, Faculty of Medicine, Alanya Alaaddin Keykubat University, Antalya, Turkey
| | - Ebru Coskun
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul Medipol University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ezgi Idil
- Department of Neurology and Neuroscience, Faculty of Medicine, Alanya Alaaddin Keykubat University, Antalya, Turkey
| | - Rahim Nogaylar
- Department of Neurology and Neuroscience, Faculty of Medicine, Alanya Alaaddin Keykubat University, Antalya, Turkey
| | - Ahmet Ozsimsek
- Department of Neurology and Neuroscience, Faculty of Medicine, Alanya Alaaddin Keykubat University, Antalya, Turkey
| | - Saeed Shoaie
- Centre for Host-Microbiome Interaction's, Faculty of Dentistry, Oral & Craniofacial Sciences, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Hasan Turkez
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Atatürk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Jens Nielsen
- Department of Biology and Biological Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Cheng Zhang
- Science for Life Laboratory, KTH - Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jan Borén
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, University of Gothenburg and Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Mathias Uhlén
- Science for Life Laboratory, KTH - Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Adil Mardinoglu
- Science for Life Laboratory, KTH - Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden.
- Centre for Host-Microbiome Interaction's, Faculty of Dentistry, Oral & Craniofacial Sciences, King's College London, London, UK.
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Wang HS, Karnik SJ, Margetts TJ, Plotkin LI, Movila A, Fehrenbacher JC, Kacena MA, Oblak AL. Mind Gaps and Bone Snaps: Exploring the Connection Between Alzheimer's Disease and Osteoporosis. Curr Osteoporos Rep 2024; 22:483-494. [PMID: 38236512 PMCID: PMC11420299 DOI: 10.1007/s11914-023-00851-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW This comprehensive review discusses the complex relationship between Alzheimer's disease (AD) and osteoporosis, two conditions that are prevalent in the aging population and result in adverse complications on quality of life. The purpose of this review is to succinctly elucidate the many commonalities between the two conditions, including shared pathways, inflammatory and oxidative mechanisms, and hormonal deficiencies. RECENT FINDINGS AD and osteoporosis share many aspects of their respective disease-defining pathophysiology. These commonalities include amyloid beta deposition, the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway, and estrogen deficiency. The shared mechanisms and risk factors associated with AD and osteoporosis result in a large percentage of patients that develop both diseases. Previous literature has established that the progression of AD increases the risk of sustaining a fracture. Recent findings demonstrate that the reverse may also be true, suggesting that a fracture early in the life course can predispose one to developing AD due to the activation of these shared mechanisms. The discovery of these commonalities further guides the development of novel therapeutics in which both conditions are targeted. This detailed review delves into the commonalities between AD and osteoporosis to uncover the shared players that bring these two seemingly unrelated conditions together. The discussion throughout this review ultimately posits that the occurrence of fractures and the mechanism behind fracture healing can predispose one to developing AD later on in life, similar to how AD patients are at an increased risk of developing fractures. By focusing on the shared mechanisms between AD and osteoporosis, one can better understand the conditions individually and as a unit, thus informing therapeutic approaches and further research. This review article is part of a series of multiple manuscripts designed to determine the utility of using artificial intelligence for writing scientific reviews.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannah S Wang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
| | - Sonali J Karnik
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
| | - Tyler J Margetts
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
| | - Lilian I Plotkin
- Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology & Physiology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
- Indiana Center for Musculoskeletal Health, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
- Richard L. Roudebush VA Medical Center, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
| | - Alexandru Movila
- Indiana Center for Musculoskeletal Health, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Comprehensive Care, Indiana University School of Dentistry, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
| | - Jill C Fehrenbacher
- Indiana Center for Musculoskeletal Health, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
| | - Melissa A Kacena
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA.
- Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology & Physiology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA.
- Indiana Center for Musculoskeletal Health, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA.
- Richard L. Roudebush VA Medical Center, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA.
| | - Adrian L Oblak
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA.
- Department of Radiology & Imaging Sciences, Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA.
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29
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Gong MD, Long JY, Xu WB, Huang CY, Meng SY, Zhang XT, Liu ZY. Effect of pseudorabies virus infection on NMDA receptor expression in mice and its role in immunosuppression. Vet Microbiol 2024; 297:110216. [PMID: 39151256 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2024.110216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2024] [Revised: 08/02/2024] [Accepted: 08/12/2024] [Indexed: 08/19/2024]
Abstract
Pseudorabies virus (PRV), an α-herpesvirus, induces immunosuppression and can lead to severe neurological diseases. N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR), an important excitatory nerve receptor in the central nervous system, is linked to various nervous system pathologies. The link between NMDAR and PRV-induced neurological diseases has not been studied. In vivo studies revealed that PRV infection triggers a reduction in hippocampal NMDAR expression, mediated by inflammatory processes. Extensive hippocampal neuronal degeneration was found in mice on the 6th day by hematoxylin-eosin staining, which was strongly correlated with increased NMDAR protein expression. In vitro studies utilizing the CCK-8 assay demonstrated that treatment with an NMDAR antagonist significantly heightened the cytotoxic effects of PRV on T lymphocytes. Notably, NMDAR inhibition did not affect the replication ability of PRV. However, it facilitated the accumulation of pro-inflammatory cytokines in PRV-infected T cells and enhanced the transcription of the CD25 gene through the secretion of interleukin-2 (IL-2), consequently exacerbating immunosuppression. In this study, we found that NMDAR has functional activity in T lymphocytes and is crucial for the inflammatory and immune responses triggered by PRV infection. These discoveries highlight the significant role of NMDAR in PRV-induced neurological disease pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng-Die Gong
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan 410128, China; Hunan Engineering Technology Research Center of Veterinary Drugs, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan 410128, China
| | - Jiang-Yu Long
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan 410128, China; Hunan Engineering Technology Research Center of Veterinary Drugs, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan 410128, China
| | - Wen-Bo Xu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan 410128, China; Hunan Engineering Technology Research Center of Veterinary Drugs, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan 410128, China
| | - Chong-Yin Huang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan 410128, China; Hunan Engineering Technology Research Center of Veterinary Drugs, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan 410128, China
| | - Si-Yu Meng
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan 410128, China; Hunan Engineering Technology Research Center of Veterinary Drugs, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan 410128, China
| | - Xiao-Tong Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan 410128, China; Hunan Engineering Technology Research Center of Veterinary Drugs, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan 410128, China
| | - Zhao-Ying Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan 410128, China; Hunan Engineering Technology Research Center of Veterinary Drugs, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan 410128, China.
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30
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Dash UK, Mazumdar D, Singh S. High Mobility Group Box Protein (HMGB1): A Potential Therapeutic Target for Diabetic Encephalopathy. Mol Neurobiol 2024; 61:8188-8205. [PMID: 38478143 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-024-04081-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 09/21/2024]
Abstract
HMGB (high mobility group B) is one of the ubiquitous non-histone nuclear protein superfamilies that make up the HMG (high mobility group) protein group. HMGB1 is involved in a variety of physiological and pathological processes in the human body, including a structural role in the cell nucleus as well as replication, repair, DNA transcription, and assembly of nuclear proteins. It functions as a signaling regulator in the cytoplasm and a pro-inflammatory cytokine in the extracellular environment. Among several studies, HMGB1 protein is also emerging as a crucial factor involved in the development and progression of diabetic encephalopathy (DE) along with other factors such as hyperglycaemia-induced oxidative and nitrosative stress. Diabetes' chronic side effect is DE, which manifests as cognitive and psychoneurological dysfunction. The HMGB1 is released outside to the extracellular medium in diabetes condition through active or passive routes, where it functions as a damage-associated molecular pattern (DAMP) molecule to activate several signaling pathways by interacting with receptors for advanced glycosylation end-products (RAGE)/toll like receptors (TLR). HMGB1 reportedly activates inflammatory pathways, disrupts the blood-brain barrier, causes glutamate toxicity and oxidative stress, and promotes neuroinflammation, contributing to the development of cognitive impairment and neuronal damage which is suggestive of the involvement of HMGB1 in the enhancement of the diabetes-induced encephalopathic condition. Additionally, HMGB1 is reported to induce insulin resistance, further exacerbating the metabolic dysfunction associated with diabetes mellitus (DM). Thus, the present review explores the possible pathways associated with DM-induced hyperactivation of HMGB1 ultimately leading to DE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Udit Kumar Dash
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Guru Ghasidas Vishwavidyalaya (A Central University), Bilaspur, 495009, India
| | - Debashree Mazumdar
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Guru Ghasidas Vishwavidyalaya (A Central University), Bilaspur, 495009, India
| | - Santosh Singh
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Guru Ghasidas Vishwavidyalaya (A Central University), Bilaspur, 495009, India.
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31
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Cimino M, Feligioni M. The selective disruption of the JNK2/Syntaxin-1A interaction by JGRi1 protects against NMDA-evoked toxicity in SH-SY5Y cells. Neurochem Int 2024; 179:105824. [PMID: 39098765 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2024.105824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2024] [Revised: 07/29/2024] [Accepted: 07/31/2024] [Indexed: 08/06/2024]
Abstract
N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptors are calcium-permeable ion-channel receptors, specifically activated by glutamate, that permit the activation of specific intracellular calcium-dependent pathways. Aberrant NMDA receptor activation leads to a condition known as excitotoxicity, in which excessive calcium inflow induces apoptotic pathways. To date, memantine is the only NMDA receptor antagonist authorized in clinical practice, hence, a better understanding of the NMDA cascade represents a need to discover novel pharmacological targets. We previously reported non-conventional intracellular signaling triggered by which, upon activation, promotes the interaction between JNK2 and STX1A which enhances the rate of vesicular secretion. We developed a cell-permeable peptide, named JGRi1, able to disrupt such interaction, thus reducing vesicular secretion. In this work, to selectively study the effect of JGRi1 in a much simpler system, we employed neuroblastoma cells, SH-SY5Y. We found that SH-SY5Y cells express the components of the NMDA receptor-JNK2 axis and that the NMDA stimulus increases the rate of vesicle release. Both JGRi1 and memantine protected SH-SY5Y cells from NMDA toxicity, but only JGRi1 reduced the interaction between JNK2 and STX1A. Both drugs successfully reduced NMDA-induced vesicle release, although, unlike memantine, JGRi1 did not prevent calcium influx. NMDA treatment induced JNK2 expression, but not JNK1 or JNK3, which was prevented by both JGRi1 and memantine, suggesting that JNK2 may be specifically involved in the response to NMDA. In conclusion, being JGRi1 able to protect cells against NMDA toxicity by interfering with JNK2/STX1A interaction, it could be considered a novel pharmacological tool to counteract excitotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Cimino
- EBRI Rita Levi-Montalcini Foundation, Rome, Italy
| | - M Feligioni
- EBRI Rita Levi-Montalcini Foundation, Rome, Italy; Department of Neuro-Rehabilitation Sciences, Casa di Cura Igea, Milan, Italy.
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Beaurain M, Salabert AS, Payoux P, Gras E, Talmont F. NMDA Receptors: Distribution, Role, and Insights into Neuropsychiatric Disorders. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2024; 17:1265. [PMID: 39458906 PMCID: PMC11509972 DOI: 10.3390/ph17101265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2024] [Revised: 09/12/2024] [Accepted: 09/16/2024] [Indexed: 10/28/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors (NMDARs) are members of the ionotropic glutamate receptor family. These ligand-gated channels are entwined with numerous fundamental neurological functions within the central nervous system (CNS), and numerous neuropsychiatric disorders may arise from their malfunction. METHODS The purpose of the present review is to provide a detailed description of NMDARs by addressing their molecular structures, activation mechanisms, and physiological roles in the mammalian brain. In the second part, their role in various neuropsychiatric disorders including stroke, epilepsy, anti-NMDA encephalitis, Alzheimer's and Huntington's diseases, schizophrenia, depression, neuropathic pain, opioid-induced tolerance, and hyperalgesia will be covered. RESULTS Finally, through a careful exploration of the main non-competitive NMDARs antagonists (channel-blockers). CONCLUSION We discuss the strengths and limitations of the various molecular structures developed for diagnostic or therapeutic purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie Beaurain
- ToNIC, Toulouse NeuroImaging Center, INSERM, UPS, Université de Toulouse, 31024 Toulouse, France; (M.B.); (A.-S.S.); (P.P.)
| | - Anne-Sophie Salabert
- ToNIC, Toulouse NeuroImaging Center, INSERM, UPS, Université de Toulouse, 31024 Toulouse, France; (M.B.); (A.-S.S.); (P.P.)
| | - Pierre Payoux
- ToNIC, Toulouse NeuroImaging Center, INSERM, UPS, Université de Toulouse, 31024 Toulouse, France; (M.B.); (A.-S.S.); (P.P.)
| | - Emmanuel Gras
- Laboratoire Hétérochimie Fondamentale et Appliquée (LHFA, UMR 5069), CNRS, UPS, Université de Toulouse, 118 Route de Narbonne, CEDEX 9, 31062 Toulouse, France;
| | - Franck Talmont
- Institut de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale (IPBS), CNRS, UPS, Université de Toulouse, 31077 Toulouse, France
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Ewens AN, Pilski A, Hastings SD, Krook-Magnuson C, Graves SM, Krook-Magnuson E, Thayer SA. Levetiracetam Prevents Neurophysiological Changes and Preserves Cognitive Function in the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)-1 Transactivator of Transcription Transgenic Mouse Model of HIV-Associated Neurocognitive Disorder. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2024; 391:104-118. [PMID: 39060163 PMCID: PMC11413936 DOI: 10.1124/jpet.124.002272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2024] [Revised: 06/24/2024] [Accepted: 07/22/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-associated neurocognitive disorder (HAND) affects nearly half of the 39 million people living with HIV. HAND symptoms range from subclinical cognitive impairment to dementia; the mechanisms that underlie HAND remain unclear and there is no treatment. The HIV protein transactivator of transcription (TAT) is thought to contribute to HAND because it persists in the central nervous system and elicits neurotoxicity in animal models. Network hyperexcitability is associated with accelerated cognitive decline in neurodegenerative disorders. Here we show that the antiepileptic drug levetiracetam (LEV) attenuated aberrant excitatory synaptic transmission, protected synaptic plasticity, reduced seizure susceptibility, and preserved cognition in inducible TAT (iTAT) transgenic male mice. iTAT mice had an increased frequency of spontaneous excitatory postsynaptic currents in hippocampal slice recordings and impaired long-term potentiation, a form of synaptic plasticity that underlies learning and memory. Two-week administration of LEV by osmotic minipump prevented both impairments. Kainic acid administered to iTAT mice induced a higher maximum behavioral seizure score, longer seizure duration, and shorter latency to first seizure, consistent with a lower seizure threshold. LEV treatment prevented these in vivo signs of hyperexcitability. Lastly, in the Barnes maze, iTAT mice required more time to reach the goal, committed more errors, and received lower cognitive scores relative to iTAT mice treated with LEV. Thus, TAT expression drives functional deficits, suggesting a causative role in HAND. As LEV not only prevented aberrant synaptic activity in iTAT mice but also prevented cognitive dysfunction, it may provide a promising pharmacological approach to the treatment of HAND. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: Approximately half of people living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) also suffer from HIV-associated neurocognitive disorder (HAND), for which there is no treatment. The HIV protein transactivator of transcription (TAT) causes toxicity that is thought to contribute to HAND. Here, the antiepileptic drug levetiracetam (LEV) prevented synaptic and cognitive impairments in a TAT-expressing mouse. LEV is widely used to treat seizures and is well-tolerated in humans, including those with HIV. This study supports further investigation of LEV-mediated neuroprotection in HAND.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashley N Ewens
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, Minnesota (A.N.E., A.P., S.M.G., S.A.T.); and Department of Neuroscience, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota (S.D.H., C.K.-M., E.K.-M.)
| | - Alexander Pilski
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, Minnesota (A.N.E., A.P., S.M.G., S.A.T.); and Department of Neuroscience, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota (S.D.H., C.K.-M., E.K.-M.)
| | - Shayne D Hastings
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, Minnesota (A.N.E., A.P., S.M.G., S.A.T.); and Department of Neuroscience, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota (S.D.H., C.K.-M., E.K.-M.)
| | - Chris Krook-Magnuson
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, Minnesota (A.N.E., A.P., S.M.G., S.A.T.); and Department of Neuroscience, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota (S.D.H., C.K.-M., E.K.-M.)
| | - Steven M Graves
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, Minnesota (A.N.E., A.P., S.M.G., S.A.T.); and Department of Neuroscience, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota (S.D.H., C.K.-M., E.K.-M.)
| | - Esther Krook-Magnuson
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, Minnesota (A.N.E., A.P., S.M.G., S.A.T.); and Department of Neuroscience, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota (S.D.H., C.K.-M., E.K.-M.)
| | - Stanley A Thayer
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, Minnesota (A.N.E., A.P., S.M.G., S.A.T.); and Department of Neuroscience, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota (S.D.H., C.K.-M., E.K.-M.)
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Sun T, Zhen T, Harakandi CH, Wang L, Guo H, Chen Y, Sun H. New insights into butyrylcholinesterase: Pharmaceutical applications, selective inhibitors and multitarget-directed ligands. Eur J Med Chem 2024; 275:116569. [PMID: 38852337 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2024.116569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2024] [Revised: 05/30/2024] [Accepted: 06/02/2024] [Indexed: 06/11/2024]
Abstract
Butyrylcholinesterase (BChE), also known as pseudocholinesterase and serum cholinesterase, is an isoenzyme of acetylcholinesterase (AChE). It mediates the degradation of acetylcholine, especially under pathological conditions. Proverbial pharmacological applications of BChE, its mutants and modulators consist of combating Alzheimer's disease (AD), influencing multiple sclerosis (MS), addressing cocaine addiction, detoxifying organophosphorus poisoning and reflecting the progression or prognosis of some diseases. Of interest, recent reports have shed light on the relationship between BChE and lipid metabolism. It has also been proved that BChE is going to increase abnormally as a compensator for AChE in the middle and late stages of AD, and BChE inhibitors can alleviate cognitive disorders and positively influence some pathological features in AD model animals, foreboding favorable prospects and potential applications. Herein, the selective BChE inhibitors and BChE-related multitarget-directed ligands published in the last three years were briefly summarized, along with the currently known pharmacological applications of BChE, aiming to grasp the latest research directions. Thereinto, some emerging strategies for designing BChE inhibitors are intriguing, and the modulators based on target combination of histone deacetylase and BChE against AD is unprecedented. Furthermore, the involvement of BChE in the hydrolysis of ghrelin, the inhibition of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) uptake, and the down-regulation of LDL receptor (LDLR) expression suggests its potential to influence lipid metabolism disorders. This compelling prospect likely stimulates further exploration in this promising research direction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianyu Sun
- School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, People's Republic of China
| | - Tengfei Zhen
- School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, People's Republic of China
| | | | - Lei Wang
- School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, People's Republic of China
| | - Huanchao Guo
- School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, People's Republic of China
| | - Yao Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, People's Republic of China.
| | - Haopeng Sun
- School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, People's Republic of China.
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Shekho D, Mishra R, Kamal R, Bhatia R, Awasthi A. Breaking Barriers in Alzheimer's Disease: the Role of Advanced Drug Delivery Systems. AAPS PharmSciTech 2024; 25:207. [PMID: 39237748 DOI: 10.1208/s12249-024-02923-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2024] [Accepted: 08/18/2024] [Indexed: 09/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD), characterized by cognitive impairment, brain plaques, and tangles, is a global health concern affecting millions. It involves the build-up of amyloid-β (Aβ) and tau proteins, the formation of neuritic plaques and neurofibrillary tangles, cholinergic system dysfunction, genetic variations, and mitochondrial dysfunction. Various signaling pathways and metabolic processes are implicated in AD, along with numerous biomarkers used for diagnosis, risk assessment, and research. Despite these, there is no cure or effective treatment for AD. It is critically important to address this immediately to develop novel drug delivery systems (NDDS) capable of targeting the brain and delivering therapeutic agents to modulate the pathological processes of AD. This review summarizes AD, its pathogenesis, related signaling pathways, biomarkers, conventional treatments, the need for NDDS, and their application in AD treatment. It also covers preclinical, clinical, and ongoing trials, patents, and marketed AD formulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Devank Shekho
- Department of Pharmaceutics, ISF College of Pharmacy, Moga, 142001, Punjab, India
| | - Ritika Mishra
- Department of Pharmaceutics, ISF College of Pharmacy, Moga, 142001, Punjab, India
| | - Raj Kamal
- Department of Quality Assurance, ISF College of Pharmacy, Moga, 142001, Punjab, India
| | - Rohit Bhatia
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Rajpura, Punjab, India
| | - Ankit Awasthi
- Department of Pharmaceutics, ISF College of Pharmacy, Moga, 142001, Punjab, India.
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Rajpura, Punjab, India.
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Gu Z, Lin S, Yu J, Jin F, Zhang Q, Xia K, Chen L, Li Y, He B. Advances in dual-targeting inhibitors of HDAC6 for cancer treatment. Eur J Med Chem 2024; 275:116571. [PMID: 38857566 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2024.116571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2024] [Revised: 06/03/2024] [Accepted: 06/03/2024] [Indexed: 06/12/2024]
Abstract
Histone Deacetylase 6 (HDAC6) is an essential regulator of histone acetylation processes, exerting influence on a multitude of cellular functions such as cell motility, endocytosis, autophagy, apoptosis, and protein trafficking through its deacetylation activity. The significant implications of HDAC6 in diseases such as cancer, neurodegenerative disorders, and immune disorders have motivated extensive investigation into the development of specific inhibitors targeting this enzyme for therapeutic purposes. Single targeting drugs carry the risk of inducing drug resistance, thus prompting exploration of dual targeting therapy which offers the potential to impact multiple signaling pathways simultaneously, thereby lowering the likelihood of resistance development. While pharmacological studies have exhibited promise in combined therapy involving HDAC6, challenges related to potential drug interactions exist. In response to these challenges, researchers are investigating HDAC6 hybrid molecules which enable the concomitant targeting of HDAC6 and other key proteins, thus enhancing treatment efficacy while mitigating side effects and reducing the risk of resistance compared to traditional combination therapies. The published design strategies for dual targeting inhibitors of HDAC6 are summarized and discussed in this review. This will provide some valuable insights into more novel HDAC6 dual targeting inhibitors to meet the urgent need for innovative therapies in oncology and other related fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhicheng Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Engineering Research Center for the Development and Application of Ethnic Medicine and TCM (Ministry of Education), Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550004, China
| | - Shuxian Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Engineering Research Center for the Development and Application of Ethnic Medicine and TCM (Ministry of Education), Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550004, China; Department of Pharmacy, Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital, Guiyang, 550002, China
| | - Junhui Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Engineering Research Center for the Development and Application of Ethnic Medicine and TCM (Ministry of Education), Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550004, China
| | - Fei Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Engineering Research Center for the Development and Application of Ethnic Medicine and TCM (Ministry of Education), Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550004, China
| | - Qingqing Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Engineering Research Center for the Development and Application of Ethnic Medicine and TCM (Ministry of Education), Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550004, China
| | - Keli Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Engineering Research Center for the Development and Application of Ethnic Medicine and TCM (Ministry of Education), Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550004, China
| | - Lei Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Engineering Research Center for the Development and Application of Ethnic Medicine and TCM (Ministry of Education), Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550004, China
| | - Yan Li
- School of Basic Medical Science, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, 550004, China
| | - Bin He
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Engineering Research Center for the Development and Application of Ethnic Medicine and TCM (Ministry of Education), Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550004, China.
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Lee D, Shen AM, Garbuzenko OB, Minko T. Liposomal Formulations of Anti-Alzheimer Drugs and siRNA for Nose-to-Brain Delivery: Design, Safety and Efficacy In Vitro. AAPS J 2024; 26:99. [PMID: 39231845 DOI: 10.1208/s12248-024-00967-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2024] [Accepted: 08/15/2024] [Indexed: 09/06/2024] Open
Abstract
β-site amyloid precursor protein cleaving enzyme (BACE1) represents a key target for Alzheimer's disease (AD) therapy because it is essential for producing the toxic amyloid β (Aβ) peptide that plays a crucial role in the disease's development. BACE1 inhibitors are a promising approach to reducing Aβ levels in the brain and preventing AD progression. However, systemic delivery of such inhibitors to the brain demonstrates limited efficacy because of the presence of the blood-brain barrier (BBB). Nose-to-brain (NtB) delivery has the potential to overcome this obstacle. Liposomal drug delivery systems offer several advantages over traditional methods for delivering drugs and nucleic acids from the nose to the brain. The current study aims to prepare, characterize, and evaluate in vitro liposomal forms of donepezil, memantine, BACE-1 siRNA, and their combination for possible treatment of AD via NtB delivery. All the liposomal formulations were prepared using the rotary evaporation method. Their cellular internalization, cytotoxicity, and the suppression of beta-amyloid plaque and other pro-inflammatory cytokine expressions were studied. The Calu-3 Transwell model was used as an in vitro system for mimicking the anatomical and physiological conditions of the nasal epithelium and studying the suitability of the proposed formulations for possible NtB delivery. The investigation results show that liposomes provided the effective intracellular delivery of therapeutics, the potential to overcome tight junctions in BBB, reduced beta-amyloid plaque accumulation and pro-inflammatory cytokine expression, supporting the therapeutic potential of our approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Lee
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, the State University of New Jersey, 160 Frelinghuysen Road, Rutgers, Piscataway, NJ, 08854, USA
| | - Andrew M Shen
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, the State University of New Jersey, 160 Frelinghuysen Road, Rutgers, Piscataway, NJ, 08854, USA
| | - Olga B Garbuzenko
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, the State University of New Jersey, 160 Frelinghuysen Road, Rutgers, Piscataway, NJ, 08854, USA
| | - Tamara Minko
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, the State University of New Jersey, 160 Frelinghuysen Road, Rutgers, Piscataway, NJ, 08854, USA.
- Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ, 08903, USA.
- Environmental and Occupational Health Science Institute, Piscataway, NJ, 08854, USA.
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Castillo-Vazquez SK, Massieu L, Rincón-Heredia R, García-de la Torre P, Quiroz-Baez R, Gomez-Verjan JC, Rivero-Segura NA. Glutamatergic Neurotransmission in Aging and Neurodegenerative Diseases: A Potential Target to Improve Cognitive Impairment in Aging. Arch Med Res 2024; 55:103039. [PMID: 38981341 DOI: 10.1016/j.arcmed.2024.103039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2024] [Revised: 06/10/2024] [Accepted: 06/26/2024] [Indexed: 07/11/2024]
Abstract
Aging is characterized by the decline in many of the individual's capabilities. It has been recognized that the brain undergoes structural and functional changes during aging that are occasionally associated with the development of neurodegenerative diseases. In this sense, altered glutamatergic neurotransmission, which involves the release, binding, reuptake, and degradation of glutamate (Glu) in the brain, has been widely studied in physiological and pathophysiological aging. In particular, changes in glutamatergic neurotransmission are exacerbated during neurodegenerative diseases and are associated with cognitive impairment, characterized by difficulties in memory, learning, concentration, and decision-making. Thus, in the present manuscript, we aim to highlight the relevance of glutamatergic neurotransmission during cognitive impairment to develop novel strategies to prevent, ameliorate, or delay cognitive decline. To achieve this goal, we provide a comprehensive review of the changes reported in glutamatergic neurotransmission components, such as Glu transporters and receptors during physiological aging and in the most studied neurodegenerative diseases. Finally, we describe the current therapeutic strategies developed to target glutamatergic neurotransmission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Selma Karime Castillo-Vazquez
- Dirección de Investigación, Instituto Nacional de Geriatría, Mexico City, Mexico; Posgrado en Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Lourdes Massieu
- Departamento de Neuropatología Molecular, División de Neurociencias, Instituto de Fisiología Celular, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Ruth Rincón-Heredia
- Unidad de Imagenología, Instituto de Fisiología Celular, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Paola García-de la Torre
- 4 Unidad de Investigación Epidemiológica y en Servicios de Salud, Área de Envejecimiento, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Mexico City Mexico
| | - Ricardo Quiroz-Baez
- Dirección de Investigación, Instituto Nacional de Geriatría, Mexico City, Mexico
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Pandey PP, Kumar MS. Exploring the therapeutic potential of steroidal alkaloids in managing Alzheimer's disease. Steroids 2024; 209:109468. [PMID: 38959993 DOI: 10.1016/j.steroids.2024.109468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2024] [Revised: 06/21/2024] [Accepted: 06/30/2024] [Indexed: 07/05/2024]
Abstract
Steroidal alkaloids are secondary metabolites that are often found in plants, fungi and sponges. These compounds are considered as a source of bioactive compounds for the treatment of chronic diseases, such as neurological disorder like Alzheimer's disease (AD). Some examples of alkaloid derivatives currently used to treat AD symptoms include galantamine, huperzine A, and other alkaloids. AD is a multifactorial disease caused by multiple factors such as inflammation, oxidative stress, and protein aggregation. Based on the various important neuroprotective activities and different pharmacological effects of steroidal alkaloids with polypharmacological modulatory effects, they can lead to the development of new drugs for the treatment of AD. There are limited studies on the involvement of steroidal alkaloids in AD. Therefore, the mechanisms and neuroprotective abilities of these compounds are still poorly understood. The purpose of this review article is to provide an overview of the mechanism, toxicity and neuroprotective benefits of steroidal alkaloids and to discuss future possibilities to improve the application of steroidal alkaloids as anti-AD agents. The therapeutic value and limitations of the steroidal alkaloid are investigated to provide new perspectives for future clinical development studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pratima P Pandey
- Somaiya Institute for Research and Consultancy, Somaiya Vidyavihar University, Vidyavihar (East), Mumbai 400077, India
| | - Maushmi S Kumar
- Somaiya Institute for Research and Consultancy, Somaiya Vidyavihar University, Vidyavihar (East), Mumbai 400077, India.
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40
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Foroughi S, Shahanipour K, Monajemi R, Ahadi AM. Investigating the effects of Thymus vulgaris essential oil, Allium cepa extract, and their active compounds (thymol and quercetin) on expression profile of genes related to Alzheimer's disease in PC12 model cell. Brain Res 2024; 1838:148966. [PMID: 38688382 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2024.148966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2024] [Revised: 04/03/2024] [Accepted: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Abstract
Thymus vulgaris and Allium cepa are plants with great medicinal importance. Thymol monoterpene and quercetin, which are present in these plants, have anti-Alzheimer's and antioxidant effects. The objectives of this research were investigating the effects of these compounds on the pathogenesis and progress of Alzheimer's disease in cells modeled by formaldehyde. MTT, flow cytometry, and RT-PCR were used to investigate the toxicity, survival rate and apoptosis of the cells, and the expression level of PP2A, GSK3, NMDAR, BACE1, and APP genes, respectively. Also, the total antioxidant capacity of the modeled cells was measured. The results showed that the two compounds as well as the plants extract and essential oil were able to increase the percentage of cell survival; among them, Thymus vulgaris essential oil had the greatest effect (93.55316 % in 48 h exposure). In addition, quercetin was able to reduce the rate of apoptosis in Alzheimer's cells (4.73 %) which was greater than the effects of other compounds. In general, the essential oil of Thymus vulgaris compared to thymol; and quercetin compared to Allium cepa extract showed more improving effects on the expression of genes involved in the disease. All four compounds increased the antioxidant capacity of the modeled cells compared to the control group, and these effects were almost equal between the compounds. According to the obtained results, both plants, especially Thymus vulgaris can be proposed as candidates to be included in the diet of Alzheimer's patients. In addition, polyphenols thymol and quercetin as derivates from the studied plants can be used in new drugs development for Alzheimer's disease, with greater safety than currently used drugs. These results are significant because most of the drug for Alzheimer's treatments such as cholinesterases (e.g. rivastigmine and donepezil) and memantine are chemically based and have many side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saba Foroughi
- Department of Biochemistry, Falavarjan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Kahin Shahanipour
- Department of Biochemistry, Falavarjan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Isfahan, Iran.
| | - Ramesh Monajemi
- Department of Biology, Falavarjan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Ali Mohammad Ahadi
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Science, Shahrekord University, ShahreKord, Iran
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Yagin FH, Aygun U, Algarni A, Colak C, Al-Hashem F, Ardigò LP. Platelet Metabolites as Candidate Biomarkers in Sepsis Diagnosis and Management Using the Proposed Explainable Artificial Intelligence Approach. J Clin Med 2024; 13:5002. [PMID: 39274215 PMCID: PMC11395774 DOI: 10.3390/jcm13175002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2024] [Revised: 08/16/2024] [Accepted: 08/22/2024] [Indexed: 09/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Background: Sepsis is characterized by an atypical immune response to infection and is a dangerous health problem leading to significant mortality. Current diagnostic methods exhibit insufficient sensitivity and specificity and require the discovery of precise biomarkers for the early diagnosis and treatment of sepsis. Platelets, known for their hemostatic abilities, also play an important role in immunological responses. This study aims to develop a model integrating machine learning and explainable artificial intelligence (XAI) to identify novel platelet metabolomics markers of sepsis. Methods: A total of 39 participants, 25 diagnosed with sepsis and 14 control subjects, were included in the study. The profiles of platelet metabolites were analyzed using quantitative 1H-nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) technology. Data were processed using the synthetic minority oversampling method (SMOTE)-Tomek to address the issue of class imbalance. In addition, missing data were filled using a technique based on random forests. Three machine learning models, namely extreme gradient boosting (XGBoost), light gradient boosting machine (LightGBM), and kernel tree boosting (KTBoost), were used for sepsis prediction. The models were validated using cross-validation. Clinical annotations of the optimal sepsis prediction model were analyzed using SHapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP), an XAI technique. Results: The results showed that the KTBoost model (0.900 accuracy and 0.943 AUC) achieved better performance than the other models in sepsis diagnosis. SHAP results revealed that metabolites such as carnitine, glutamate, and myo-inositol are important biomarkers in sepsis prediction and intuitively explained the prediction decisions of the model. Conclusion: Platelet metabolites identified by the KTBoost model and XAI have significant potential for the early diagnosis and monitoring of sepsis and improving patient outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatma Hilal Yagin
- Department of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, Faculty of Medicine, Inonu University, Malatya 44280, Türkiye
| | - Umran Aygun
- Department of Anesthesiology and Reanimation, Malatya Yesilyurt Hasan Calık State Hospital, Malatya 44929, Türkiye
| | - Abdulmohsen Algarni
- Central Labs, King Khalid University, AlQura'a, Abha, P.O. Box 960, Saudi Arabia
| | - Cemil Colak
- Department of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, Faculty of Medicine, Inonu University, Malatya 44280, Türkiye
| | - Fahaid Al-Hashem
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, King Khalid University, Abha 61421, Saudi Arabia
| | - Luca Paolo Ardigò
- Department of Teacher Education, NLA University College, 0166 Oslo, Norway
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Alfaro-Ruiz R, Martín-Belmonte A, Aguado C, Moreno-Martínez AE, Fukazawa Y, Luján R. Selective disruption of synaptic NMDA receptors of the hippocampal trisynaptic circuit in Aβ pathology. Biol Res 2024; 57:56. [PMID: 39175009 PMCID: PMC11340147 DOI: 10.1186/s40659-024-00537-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2024] [Accepted: 08/06/2024] [Indexed: 08/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Synaptic dysfunction is an early feature in Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathogenesis and a major morphological correlate of memory deficits. Given the main synaptic location of N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors (NMDARs), their dysregulation has been implicated in these pathological effects. Here, to detect possible alterations in the expression and synaptic localisation of the GluN1 subunit in the brain of amyloidogenic APP/PS1 mice, we employed histoblot and SDS-digested freeze-fracture replica labelling (SDS-FRL) techniques. Histoblots showed that GluN1 expression was significantly reduced in the hippocampus in a layer-dependent manner, in the cortex and the caudate putamen of APP/PS1 transgenic mice at 12 months of age but was unaltered at 1 and 6 months. Using quantitative SDS-FRL, we unravelled the molecular organisation of GluN1 in seven excitatory synapse populations at a high spatial resolution in the CA1 and CA3 fields and the DG of the hippocampus in 12-month-old APP/PS1 mice. In the CA1 field, the labelling density for GluN1 in the excitatory synapses established on spines and interneurons, was significantly reduced in APP/PS1 mice compared to age-matched wild-type mice in the stratum lacunosum-moleculare but unaltered in the stratum radiatum. In the CA3 field, synaptic GluN1 was reduced in mossy fibre-CA3 pyramidal cell synapses but unaltered in the A/C-CA3 pyramidal cell synapses. In the DG, the density of GluN1 in granule cell-perforant pathway synapses was reduced in APP/PS1 mice. Altogether, our findings provide evidence of specific alterations of synaptic GluN1 in the trisynaptic circuit of the hippocampus in Aβ pathology. This differential vulnerability in the disruption of NMDARs may be involved in the mechanisms causing abnormal network activity of the hippocampal circuit and cognitive impairment characteristic of APP/PS1 mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rocio Alfaro-Ruiz
- Synaptic Structure Laboratory, Departamento de Ciencias Médicas, Facultad de Medicina, Instituto de Biomedicina de la UCLM (IB-UCLM), Universidad Castilla-La Mancha, Campus Biosanitario, C/ Almansa 14, Albacete, 02008, Spain
- Laboratorio de Estructura Sináptica, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Castilla-La Mancha (IDISCAM), Albacete, Spain
| | - Alejandro Martín-Belmonte
- Synaptic Structure Laboratory, Departamento de Ciencias Médicas, Facultad de Medicina, Instituto de Biomedicina de la UCLM (IB-UCLM), Universidad Castilla-La Mancha, Campus Biosanitario, C/ Almansa 14, Albacete, 02008, Spain
- Pharmacology Unit, Department of Pathology and Experimental Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Institute of Neurosciences, University of Barcelona, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, 08907, Spain
- Neuropharmacology and Pain Group, Neuroscience Program, Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge, IDIBELL, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, 08907, Spain
| | - Carolina Aguado
- Synaptic Structure Laboratory, Departamento de Ciencias Médicas, Facultad de Medicina, Instituto de Biomedicina de la UCLM (IB-UCLM), Universidad Castilla-La Mancha, Campus Biosanitario, C/ Almansa 14, Albacete, 02008, Spain
- Laboratorio de Estructura Sináptica, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Castilla-La Mancha (IDISCAM), Albacete, Spain
| | - Ana Esther Moreno-Martínez
- Synaptic Structure Laboratory, Departamento de Ciencias Médicas, Facultad de Medicina, Instituto de Biomedicina de la UCLM (IB-UCLM), Universidad Castilla-La Mancha, Campus Biosanitario, C/ Almansa 14, Albacete, 02008, Spain
- Laboratorio de Estructura Sináptica, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Castilla-La Mancha (IDISCAM), Albacete, Spain
| | - Yugo Fukazawa
- Division of Brain Structure and Function, Faculty of Medical Science, University of Fukui, Fukui, Japan
- Life Science Innovation Center, University of Fukui, Fukui, Japan
| | - Rafael Luján
- Synaptic Structure Laboratory, Departamento de Ciencias Médicas, Facultad de Medicina, Instituto de Biomedicina de la UCLM (IB-UCLM), Universidad Castilla-La Mancha, Campus Biosanitario, C/ Almansa 14, Albacete, 02008, Spain.
- Laboratorio de Estructura Sináptica, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Castilla-La Mancha (IDISCAM), Albacete, Spain.
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Nakashima M, Suga N, Yoshikawa S, Matsuda S. Caveolae with GLP-1 and NMDA Receptors as Crossfire Points for the Innovative Treatment of Cognitive Dysfunction Associated with Neurodegenerative Diseases. Molecules 2024; 29:3922. [PMID: 39203005 PMCID: PMC11357136 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29163922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2024] [Revised: 08/14/2024] [Accepted: 08/16/2024] [Indexed: 09/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Some neurodegenerative diseases may be characterized by continuing behavioral and cognitive dysfunction that encompasses memory loss and/or apathy. Alzheimer's disease is the most typical type of such neurodegenerative diseases that are characterized by deficits of cognition and alterations of behavior. Despite the huge efforts against Alzheimer's disease, there has yet been no successful treatment for this disease. Interestingly, several possible risk genes for cognitive dysfunction are frequently expressed within brain cells, which may also be linked to cholesterol metabolism, lipid transport, exosomes, and/or caveolae formation, suggesting that caveolae may be a therapeutic target for cognitive dysfunctions. Interestingly, the modulation of autophagy/mitophagy with the alteration of glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) receptor signaling may offer a novel approach to preventing and alleviating cognitive dysfunction. A paradigm showing that both GLP-1 and NMDA receptors at caveolae sites may be promising and crucial targets for the treatment of cognitive dysfunctions has been presented here, which may also be able to modify the progression of Alzheimer's disease. This research direction may create the potential to move clinical care toward disease-modifying treatment strategies with maximal benefits for patients without detrimental adverse events for neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Satoru Matsuda
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Nara Women’s University, Kita-Uoya Nishimachi, Nara 630-8506, Japan (N.S.)
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Li Y, Wang Z, Kong M, Yong Y, Yang X, Liu C. The role of GZMA as a target of cysteine and biomarker in Alzheimer's disease, pelvic organ prolapse, and tumor progression. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1447605. [PMID: 39228516 PMCID: PMC11368878 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1447605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2024] [Accepted: 07/30/2024] [Indexed: 09/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective: This study aims to investigate how changes in peripheral blood metabolites in Alzheimer's Disease (AD) patients affect the development of Pelvic Organ Prolapse (POP) using a multi-omics approach. We specifically explore the interactions of signaling pathways, gene expression, and protein-metabolite interactions, with a focus on GZMA and cysteine in age-related diseases. Methods: This study utilized multi-omics analysis, including metabolomics and transcriptomics, to evaluate the perturbations in peripheral blood metabolites and their effect on POP in AD patients. Additionally, a comprehensive pan-cancer and immune infiltration analysis was performed on the core targets of AD combined with POP, exploring their potential roles in tumor progression and elucidating their pharmacological relevance to solid tumors. Results: We identified 47 differential metabolites linked to 9 significant signaling pathways, such as unsaturated fatty acid biosynthesis and amino acid metabolism. A thorough gene expression analysis revealed numerous differentially expressed genes (DEGs), with Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) showing significant changes in gene profiles of AD and POP. Network topology analysis highlighted central nodes in the AD-POP co-expressed genes network. Functional analyses indicated involvement in critical biological processes and pathways. Molecular docking studies showed strong interactions between cysteine and proteins PTGS2 and GZMA, and molecular dynamics simulations confirmed the stability of these complexes. In vitro validation demonstrated that cysteine reduced ROS levels and protected cell viability. GZMA was widely expressed in various cancers, associated with immune cells, and correlated with patient survival prognosis. Conclusion: Multi-omics analysis revealed the role of peripheral blood metabolites in the molecular dynamics of AD and their interactions with POP. This study identified potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets, emphasizing the effectiveness of integrative approaches in treating AD and POP concurrently. The findings highlight the need for in-depth research on novel targets and biomarkers to advance therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Li
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Affiliated Beijing Chaoyang Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Zhuo Wang
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Min Kong
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Yuanyuan Yong
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Xin Yang
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Chongdong Liu
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Chaoyang Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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Mroziak M, Kozłowski G, Kołodziejczyk W, Pszczołowska M, Walczak K, Beszłej JA, Leszek J. Dendrimers-Novel Therapeutic Approaches for Alzheimer's Disease. Biomedicines 2024; 12:1899. [PMID: 39200363 PMCID: PMC11351976 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines12081899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2024] [Revised: 08/10/2024] [Accepted: 08/13/2024] [Indexed: 09/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Dendrimers are covalently bonded globular nanostructures that may be used in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Nowadays, AD therapies are focused on improving cognitive functioning and not causal treatment. However, this may change with the use of dendrimers, which are being investigated as a drug-delivery system or as a drug per se. With their ability to inhibit amyloid formation and their anti-tau properties, they are a promising therapeutic option for AD patients. Studies have shown that dendrimers may inhibit amyloid formation in at least two ways: by blocking fibril growth and by breaking already existing fibrils. Neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs) are abnormal filaments built by tau proteins that can be accumulated in the cell, which leads to the loss of cytoskeletal microtubules and tubulin-associated proteins. Cationic phosphorus dendrimers, with their anti-tau properties, can induce the aggregation of tau into amorphous structures. Drug delivery to mitochondria is difficult due to poor transport across biological barriers, such as the inner mitochondrial membrane, which is highly negatively polarized. Dendrimers may be potential nanocarriers and increase mitochondria targeting. Another considered use of dendrimers in AD treatment is as a drug-delivery system, for example, carbamazepine (CBZ) or tacrine. They can also be used to transport siRNA into neuronal tissue and to carry antioxidants and anti-inflammatory drugs to act protectively on the nervous system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Mroziak
- Faculty of Medicine, Wrocław Medical University, 50-367 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Gracjan Kozłowski
- Faculty of Medicine, Wrocław Medical University, 50-367 Wrocław, Poland
| | | | | | - Kamil Walczak
- Faculty of Medicine, Wrocław Medical University, 50-367 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Jan Aleksander Beszłej
- Clinic of Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry, Medical Department, Wrocław Medical University, 50-367 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Jerzy Leszek
- Clinic of Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry, Medical Department, Wrocław Medical University, 50-367 Wrocław, Poland
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Cockell S, Wang H, Benke KS, Ware EB, Bakulski KM. Exposures and conditions prior to age 16 are associated with dementia status among adults in the United States Health and Retirement Study. MEDRXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR HEALTH SCIENCES 2024:2024.08.15.24312018. [PMID: 39185531 PMCID: PMC11343252 DOI: 10.1101/2024.08.15.24312018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/27/2024]
Abstract
Background Dementia susceptibility likely begins years before symptoms. Early life has not been comprehensively tested for dementia associations. Method In the US Health and Retirement Study (normal baseline cognition; n=16,509; 2008-2018 waves), 31 exposures before age 16 were retrospectively assessed with ten-year incident cognitive status (dementia, impaired, normal). Using parallel logistic models, each exposure was tested with incident cognition, adjusting for sex, baseline age, follow-up, race/ethnicity, personal/parental education. Result 14.5% had incident impairment and 5.3% had dementia. Depression was associated with 1.71 (95%CI:1.28,2.26) times higher odds of incident impairment, relative to normal cognition. Headaches/migraines were associated with 1.63 (95%CI:1.18,2.22) times higher odds of incident impairment. Learning problems were associated with 1.75 (95%CI:1.05,2.79) times higher odds of incident impairment. Childhood self-rated health of fair (1.86, 95%CI:1.27,2.64) and poor (3.39, 95%CI:1.91,5.82) were associated with higher incident dementia odds, relative to excellent. Conclusion Early life factors may be important for impairment or dementia, extending the relevant risk window.
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Affiliation(s)
- Scarlet Cockell
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, 1415 Washington Heights, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Herong Wang
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, 1415 Washington Heights, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Kelly S Benke
- Department of Mental Health, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, 615N. Wolfe Street, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
| | - Erin B Ware
- Survey Research Center, Institute for Social Research, University of Michigan, 426 Thompson St, Ann Arbor, MI, 48104, USA
- Population Studies Center, Institute for Social Research, University of Michigan, 426 Thompson St, Ann Arbor, MI, 48104, USA
| | - Kelly M Bakulski
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, 1415 Washington Heights, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
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Chen AM, Gajdošík M, Ahmed W, Ahn S, Babb JS, Blessing EM, Boutajangout A, de Leon MJ, Debure L, Gaggi N, Gajdošík M, George A, Ghuman M, Glodzik L, Harvey P, Juchem C, Marsh K, Peralta R, Rusinek H, Sheriff S, Vedvyas A, Wisniewski T, Zheng H, Osorio R, Kirov II. Retrospective analysis of Braak stage- and APOE4 allele-dependent associations between MR spectroscopy and markers of tau and neurodegeneration in cognitively unimpaired elderly. Neuroimage 2024; 297:120742. [PMID: 39029606 PMCID: PMC11404707 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2024.120742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2024] [Revised: 06/28/2024] [Accepted: 07/16/2024] [Indexed: 07/21/2024] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The pathological hallmarks of Alzheimer's disease (AD), amyloid, tau, and associated neurodegeneration, are present in the cortical gray matter (GM) years before symptom onset, and at significantly greater levels in carriers of the apolipoprotein E4 (APOE4) allele. Their respective biomarkers, A/T/N, have been found to correlate with aspects of brain biochemistry, measured with magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS), indicating a potential for MRS to augment the A/T/N framework for staging and prediction of AD. Unfortunately, the relationships between MRS and A/T/N biomarkers are unclear, largely due to a lack of studies examining them in the context of the spatial and temporal model of T/N progression. Advanced MRS acquisition and post-processing approaches have enabled us to address this knowledge gap and test the hypotheses, that glutamate-plus-glutamine (Glx) and N-acetyl-aspartate (NAA), metabolites reflecting synaptic and neuronal health, respectively, measured from regions on the Braak stage continuum, correlate with: (i) cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) p-tau181 level (T), and (ii) hippocampal volume or cortical thickness of parietal lobe GM (N). We hypothesized that these correlations will be moderated by Braak stage and APOE4 genotype. METHODS We conducted a retrospective imaging study of 34 cognitively unimpaired elderly individuals who received APOE4 genotyping and lumbar puncture from pre-existing prospective studies at the NYU Grossman School of Medicine between October 2014 and January 2019. Subjects returned for their imaging exam between April 2018 and February 2020. Metabolites were measured from the left hippocampus (Braak II) using a single-voxel semi-adiabatic localization by adiabatic selective refocusing sequence; and from the bilateral posterior cingulate cortex (PCC; Braak IV), bilateral precuneus (Braak V), and bilateral precentral gyrus (Braak VI) using a multi-voxel echo-planar spectroscopic imaging sequence. Pearson and Spearman correlations were used to examine the relationships between absolute levels of choline, creatine, myo-inositol, Glx, and NAA and CSF p-tau181, and between these metabolites and hippocampal volume or parietal cortical thicknesses. Covariates included age, sex, years of education, Fazekas score, and months between CSF collection and MRI exam. RESULTS There was a direct correlation between hippocampal Glx and CSF p-tau181 in APOE4 carriers (Pearson's r = 0.76, p = 0.02), but not after adjusting for covariates. In the entire cohort, there was a direct correlation between hippocampal NAA and hippocampal volume (Spearman's r = 0.55, p = 0.001), even after adjusting for age and Fazekas score (Spearman's r = 0.48, p = 0.006). This relationship was observed only in APOE4 carriers (Pearson's r = 0.66, p = 0.017), and was also retained after adjustment (Pearson's r = 0.76, p = 0.008; metabolite-by-carrier interaction p = 0.03). There were no findings in the PCC, nor in the negative control (late Braak stage) regions of the precuneus and precentral gyrus. CONCLUSIONS Our findings are in line with the spatially- and temporally-resolved Braak staging model of pathological severity in which the hippocampus is affected earlier than the PCC. The correlations, between MRS markers of synaptic and neuronal health and, respectively, T and N pathology, were found exclusively within APOE4 carriers, suggesting a connection with AD pathological change, rather than with normal aging. We therefore conclude that MRS has the potential to augment early A/T/N staging, with the hippocampus serving as a more sensitive MRS target compared to the PCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna M Chen
- Bernard and Irene Schwartz Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA; Center for Advanced Imaging Innovation and Research (CAI(2)R), Department of Radiology, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA; Vilcek Institute of Graduate Biomedical Sciences, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Martin Gajdošík
- Bernard and Irene Schwartz Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA; Center for Advanced Imaging Innovation and Research (CAI(2)R), Department of Radiology, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Wajiha Ahmed
- Center for Cognitive Neurology, Department of Neurology, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Sinyeob Ahn
- Siemens Medical Solutions USA Inc., Malvern, PA, USA
| | - James S Babb
- Bernard and Irene Schwartz Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA; Center for Advanced Imaging Innovation and Research (CAI(2)R), Department of Radiology, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Esther M Blessing
- Department of Psychiatry, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA; Healthy Brain Aging and Sleep Center, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY, USA
| | - Allal Boutajangout
- Center for Cognitive Neurology, Department of Neurology, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA; Department of Neuroscience and Physiology, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Mony J de Leon
- Retired Director, Center for Brain Health, Department of Psychiatry, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA; Brain Health Imaging Institute, Department of Radiology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Ludovic Debure
- Center for Cognitive Neurology, Department of Neurology, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Naomi Gaggi
- Department of Psychiatry, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA; Healthy Brain Aging and Sleep Center, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY, USA
| | - Mia Gajdošík
- Bernard and Irene Schwartz Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA; Center for Advanced Imaging Innovation and Research (CAI(2)R), Department of Radiology, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Ajax George
- Bernard and Irene Schwartz Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA; Center for Advanced Imaging Innovation and Research (CAI(2)R), Department of Radiology, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Mobeena Ghuman
- Center for Cognitive Neurology, Department of Neurology, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Lidia Glodzik
- Brain Health Imaging Institute, Department of Radiology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Patrick Harvey
- Brain Health Imaging Institute, Department of Radiology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Christoph Juchem
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA; Department of Radiology, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Karyn Marsh
- Center for Cognitive Neurology, Department of Neurology, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Rosemary Peralta
- Bernard and Irene Schwartz Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA; Center for Advanced Imaging Innovation and Research (CAI(2)R), Department of Radiology, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Henry Rusinek
- Bernard and Irene Schwartz Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA; Center for Advanced Imaging Innovation and Research (CAI(2)R), Department of Radiology, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Sulaiman Sheriff
- Department of Radiology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Alok Vedvyas
- Center for Cognitive Neurology, Department of Neurology, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Thomas Wisniewski
- Center for Cognitive Neurology, Department of Neurology, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA; Department of Psychiatry, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA; Department of Pathology, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Helena Zheng
- Bernard and Irene Schwartz Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA; Center for Advanced Imaging Innovation and Research (CAI(2)R), Department of Radiology, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Ricardo Osorio
- Department of Psychiatry, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA; Healthy Brain Aging and Sleep Center, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY, USA.
| | - Ivan I Kirov
- Bernard and Irene Schwartz Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA; Center for Advanced Imaging Innovation and Research (CAI(2)R), Department of Radiology, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA; Vilcek Institute of Graduate Biomedical Sciences, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA; Center for Cognitive Neurology, Department of Neurology, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA; Department of Neurology, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA.
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Lohitaksha K, Kumari D, Shukla M, Byagari L, Ashireddygari VR, Tammineni P, Reddanna P, Gorla M. Eicosanoid signaling in neuroinflammation associated with Alzheimer's disease. Eur J Pharmacol 2024; 976:176694. [PMID: 38821162 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2024.176694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2024] [Revised: 05/28/2024] [Accepted: 05/28/2024] [Indexed: 06/02/2024]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a prevalent neurodegenerative condition affecting a substantial portion of the global population. It is marked by a complex interplay of factors, including the accumulation of amyloid plaques and tau tangles within the brain, leading to neuroinflammation and neuronal damage. Recent studies have underscored the role of free lipids and their derivatives in the initiation and progression of AD. Eicosanoids, metabolites of polyunsaturated fatty acids like arachidonic acid (AA), emerge as key players in this scenario. Remarkably, eicosanoids can either promote or inhibit the development of AD, and this multifaceted role is determined by how eicosanoid signaling influences the immune responses within the brain. However, the precise molecular mechanisms dictating the dual role of eicosanoids in AD remain elusive. In this comprehensive review, we explore the intricate involvement of eicosanoids in neuronal function and dysfunction. Furthermore, we assess the therapeutic potential of targeting eicosanoid signaling pathways as a viable strategy for mitigating or halting the progression of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Deepika Kumari
- Department of Biochemistry, Central University of Rajasthan, Bandarsindri, Ajmer, Rajasthan, India
| | - Manas Shukla
- Department of Animal Biology, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad, India
| | - Lavanya Byagari
- Department of Animal Biology, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad, India
| | | | - Prasad Tammineni
- Department of Animal Biology, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad, India
| | - Pallu Reddanna
- Department of Animal Biology, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad, India; Brane Enterprises Private Limited, Hyderabad, India.
| | - Madhavi Gorla
- National Institute of Animal Biotechnology, Hyderabad, India.
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Ma Y, Liu S, Zhou Q, Li Z, Zhang Z, Yu B. Approved drugs and natural products at clinical stages for treating Alzheimer's disease. Chin J Nat Med 2024; 22:699-710. [PMID: 39197961 DOI: 10.1016/s1875-5364(24)60606-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2024] [Indexed: 09/01/2024]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) remains the foremost cause of dementia and represents a significant unmet healthcare need globally. The complex pathogenesis of AD, characterized by various pathological and physiological events, has historically challenged the development of anti-AD drugs. However, recent breakthroughs in AD drug development, including the approvals of aducanumab, lecanemab, and sodium oligomannate (GV-971), have ended a nearly two-decade hiatus in the introduction of new AD drugs. These developments have addressed long-standing challenges in AD drug development, marking a substantial shift in the therapeutic landscape of AD. Moreover, natural products (NPs) have shown promise in AD drug research, with several currently under clinical investigation. Their distinct properties and mechanisms of action offer new avenues to complement and enhance existing AD treatment approaches. This review article aims to provide an overview of the recent advancements and prospects in AD therapeutics, focusing on both NPs and approved drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yajing Ma
- College of Biology and Food, Shangqiu Normal University, Shangqiu 476000, China
| | - Sufang Liu
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Dentistry, Texas A & M University, Dallas 75246, USA
| | - Qingfeng Zhou
- College of Biology and Food, Shangqiu Normal University, Shangqiu 476000, China
| | - Zhonghua Li
- Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046, China.
| | - Zhijian Zhang
- College of Biology and Food, Shangqiu Normal University, Shangqiu 476000, China.
| | - Bin Yu
- College of Chemistry, Pingyuan Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Antiviral Drugs, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China.
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Gong R, Qin L, Chen L, Wang N, Bao Y, Lu W. Myosin Va-dependent Transport of NMDA Receptors in Hippocampal Neurons. Neurosci Bull 2024; 40:1053-1075. [PMID: 38291290 PMCID: PMC11306496 DOI: 10.1007/s12264-023-01174-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 11/03/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2024] Open
Abstract
N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) trafficking is a key process in the regulation of synaptic efficacy and brain function. However, the molecular mechanism underlying the surface transport of NMDARs is largely unknown. Here we identified myosin Va (MyoVa) as the specific motor protein that traffics NMDARs in hippocampal neurons. We found that MyoVa associates with NMDARs through its cargo binding domain. This association was increased during NMDAR surface transport. Knockdown of MyoVa suppressed NMDAR transport. We further demonstrated that Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII) regulates NMDAR transport through its direct interaction with MyoVa. Furthermore, MyoVa employed Rab11 family-interacting protein 3 (Rab11/FIP3) as the adaptor proteins to couple themselves with NMDARs during their transport. Accordingly, the knockdown of FIP3 impairs hippocampal memory. Together, we conclude that in hippocampal neurons, MyoVa conducts active transport of NMDARs in a CaMKII-dependent manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ru Gong
- Ministry of Education (MOE) Key Laboratory of Developmental Genes and Human Disease, School of Life Science and Technology, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China
| | - Linwei Qin
- Ministry of Education (MOE) Key Laboratory of Developmental Genes and Human Disease, School of Life Science and Technology, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China
| | - Linlin Chen
- Department of Neurobiology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210096, China
| | - Ning Wang
- Department of Neurobiology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210096, China
| | - Yifei Bao
- Ministry of Education (MOE) Key Laboratory of Developmental Genes and Human Disease, School of Life Science and Technology, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China
| | - Wei Lu
- Ministry of Education (MOE) Key Laboratory of Developmental Genes and Human Disease, School of Life Science and Technology, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China.
- Department of Neurosurgery, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Huashan Hospital, Institute for Translational Brain Research, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China.
- Department of Neurobiology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210096, China.
- Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, China.
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