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Abdel-Gawad DRI, Ibrahim MA, El-Banna HA, Hassan WH, Abo El-Ela FI. Evaluating the therapeutic potential of amygdalin: Cytotoxic and antimicrobial properties. Tissue Cell 2024; 89:102443. [PMID: 38908223 DOI: 10.1016/j.tice.2024.102443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2024] [Revised: 05/26/2024] [Accepted: 06/11/2024] [Indexed: 06/24/2024]
Abstract
Leukemia is an incurable disease; it exhibits strong resistance to chemotherapy and other therapies, and it represents the most common childhood cancer and mortality. The cytotoxic of amygdalin (AMG) against the cell line of human monocytic leukemia (THP-1) was recorded, before determining other pharmacological effects. The cells were exposed to AMG for 24 hr at 37°C at different concentrations, the cytotoxic effect was determined via the MTT assay. The cells and the supernatant were collected for analyzing the oxidant/antioxidant status, apoptotic markers, and anti-microbial activity. Results showed a marked anti-proliferative cytotoxic effect of AMG which is concentration and time-dependent, the lipid peroxidation content was significantly decreased while the total thiol was increased in the treated cell line, significant up-regulation of Caspase-3 (Cas-3) and Bcl-2-associated X protein (BAX) and down-regulation of B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2). Furthermore, The bacterial activity was detected via Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC), Minimum Bactericidal Concentration (MBC), and Disc Diffusion assays, while the antifungal evaluation was done by the Minimum Fungicidal Concentration (MFC). Antimicrobial experiments revealed that AMG exerted potent, broad-spectrum antimicrobial effects toward a diversity of dangerously infecting pathogens. In conclusion; the prevailing research suggests that AMG is an effective anticarcinogenic and antimicrobial substance. The utilization of AMG subsequently in masks or wound dressings to prevent bacterial & fungal infections, including mucormycosis following COVID-19, as well as infections caused by penicillium and aspergillus, is a highly effective strategy in combating resistant microorganisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Doaa R I Abdel-Gawad
- Department of Toxicology and Forensic Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Beni-Suef University, Egypt.
| | - Marwa A Ibrahim
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza 12211, Egypt
| | - Hossny A El-Banna
- Department of pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine - Cairo University, Egypt.
| | - Walid H Hassan
- Department of Bacteriology, Mycology and Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef 62511, Egypt
| | - Fatma I Abo El-Ela
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Beni-Suef University, 62511, Egypt
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Alishahi Tabriz A, Turner K, Hemati H, Baugh C, Elston Lafata J. Assessing the Validity of the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services Measure in Identifying Potentially Preventable Emergency Department Visits by Patients With Cancer. JCO Oncol Pract 2024:OP2400160. [PMID: 39038257 DOI: 10.1200/op.24.00160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2024] [Revised: 05/31/2024] [Accepted: 06/25/2024] [Indexed: 07/24/2024] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS) implemented chemotherapy measures (OP-35) to reduce potentially preventable emergency department visits (PPEDVs) and hospitalizations. This study evaluated the validity of the OP-35 measure in identifying PPEDVs among patients with cancer. METHODS This is a cross-sectional study, which used data from the 2012-2022 National Hospital Ambulatory Medical Care Survey. ED visits are assessed and compared on the basis of three measures: immediacy using Emergency Severity Index (ESI), disposition (discharge v hospitalization), and OP-35 criteria. RESULTS Between 2012 and 2022, a weighted sample of 46,723,524 ED visits were made by patients with cancer. Among reported ESI cases, 25.2% (8,346,443) was high urgency. In addition, 30.3% (14,135,496) of ED visits among patients with cancer led to hospitalizations. Using the OP-35 measure, it was found that 20.85% (9,743,977) was PPEDVs. A 21.9% (10,232,102) discrepancy between discharge diagnosis (CMS billing codes) and chief complaints was identified. Further analysis showed that 19.2% (1,872,556) of potentially preventable ED visits (CMS OP-35) were high urgency and 32.6% (3,181,280) resulted in hospitalization. CONCLUSION The CMS approach to identifying PPEDVs has limitations. First, it may overcount preventable visits by including high-urgency or hospitalization-requiring cases. Second, relying on final diagnoses for retrospective preventability judgment can be misleading as they may not reflect the initial reason for the visit. In addition, differentiating causes for ED visits in patients with cancer undergoing various treatments is challenging as the approach does not distinguish between chemotherapy-related complications and others. Identification inconsistencies arise because of varying coding practices and chosen preventable conditions, lacking consensus and alignment with specific hospital or patient needs. Finally, the model fails to consider crucial nonclinical factors like social support, economic barriers, and alternative care access, potentially unfairly penalizing hospitals serving underserved populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amir Alishahi Tabriz
- Department of Health Outcomes and Behavior, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL
- Department of Oncological Sciences, University of South Florida Morsani College of Medicine, Tampa, FL
| | - Kea Turner
- Department of Health Outcomes and Behavior, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL
- Department of Oncological Sciences, University of South Florida Morsani College of Medicine, Tampa, FL
| | - Homa Hemati
- Division of Pharmaceutical Outcomes and Policy, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC
| | - Christopher Baugh
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Brigham & Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Jennifer Elston Lafata
- Division of Pharmaceutical Outcomes and Policy, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC
- UNC Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC
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Hong W, Wu Y, Sun Z, Yang S, Cheng Q, Liu H, Lin X, Ni R, Yao Y, Wang S, Zheng Z, Sun A, Xi C, Song L. Sterile Diet Causes Gut Microbiome Collapse of Cancer Patients Post Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation, But Normal Diet Recovers Them. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024:e2403991. [PMID: 38973355 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202403991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2024] [Revised: 06/07/2024] [Indexed: 07/09/2024]
Abstract
Though sterile diet, post-transplantation surgery is a clinical strategy for patient care to prevent the infiltration of gut pathogens, less is known about its effects on the gut microbiome. Here, the gut microbiome dynamics of leukemia patients following a 120-day "sterile-normal" diet strategy posthematopoietic cell transplantation are examined. In contrast to the traditional idea, a sterile diet leads to the lowest gut microbiota diversity (p < 0.05) and short-chain fatty acids, promoted the proliferation of potential pathogens such as Streptococcus (up by 16.93%) and Lactobacillus (up by 40.30%), and 43.32% reduction in nodes and an 85.33% reduction in edges within the microbial interaction's network. Interestingly, a normal diet allows the gut microbiome recovery and significantly promotes the abundance of beneficial bacteria. These results indicate that a sterile diet leads to a collapse of the patient's gut microbiome and promoted the proliferation of potential pathogens. This assay is a starting point for a more sophisticated assessment of the effects of a sterile diet. The work also suggests a basic principle for the re-establishment of microbial equilibrium that supplementation of microbial taxa may be the key to the restoration of the degraded ecosystem.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenqing Hong
- School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Anhui University, Hefei, 230601, China
| | - Yun Wu
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230001, China
| | - Zimin Sun
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230001, China
- Blood and Cell Therapy Institute, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Blood Research and Applications, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230027, China
| | - Shu Yang
- Institute of Public Health Sciences, Division of Life Science and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
| | - Qing Cheng
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230001, China
| | - Huilan Liu
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230001, China
| | - Xiaoxing Lin
- School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Anhui University, Hefei, 230601, China
| | - Renjie Ni
- School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Anhui University, Hefei, 230601, China
| | - Yuping Yao
- School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Anhui University, Hefei, 230601, China
| | - Shuijing Wang
- School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Anhui University, Hefei, 230601, China
| | - Zihao Zheng
- School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Anhui University, Hefei, 230601, China
| | - Anyi Sun
- School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Anhui University, Hefei, 230601, China
| | - Chuanwu Xi
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Liyan Song
- School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Anhui University, Hefei, 230601, China
- Chongqing Institute of Green and Intelligent Technology, Chinese Academy of Science, Chongqing, 400714, China
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Mao X, Wu S, Huang D, Li C. Complications and comorbidities associated with antineoplastic chemotherapy: Rethinking drug design and delivery for anticancer therapy. Acta Pharm Sin B 2024; 14:2901-2926. [PMID: 39027258 PMCID: PMC11252465 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2024.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2023] [Revised: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 02/10/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Despite the considerable advancements in chemotherapy as a cornerstone modality in cancer treatment, the prevalence of complications and pre-existing diseases is on the rise among cancer patients along with prolonged survival and aging population. The relationships between these disorders and cancer are intricate, bearing significant influence on the survival and quality of life of individuals with cancer and presenting challenges for the prognosis and outcomes of malignancies. Herein, we review the prevailing complications and comorbidities that often accompany chemotherapy and summarize the lessons to learn from inadequate research and management of this scenario, with an emphasis on possible strategies for reducing potential complications and alleviating comorbidities, as well as an overview of current preclinical cancer models and practical advice for establishing bio-faithful preclinical models in such complex context.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoman Mao
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Shuang Wu
- Medical Research Institute, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Dandan Huang
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Chong Li
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
- Medical Research Institute, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
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Şahinkaya Ş, Ture Z, Unal A, Ünüvar GK, Kılıç AU. Determination of Risk Factors for Infectious Diarrhea in Patients with Hematological Malignancy. Infect Chemother 2024; 56:239-246. [PMID: 38403877 PMCID: PMC11224029 DOI: 10.3947/ic.2023.0102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 11/26/2023] [Indexed: 02/27/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study aimed to determine the risk factors of infectious diarrhea in patients undergoing chemotherapy or hematopoietic stem cell transplantation for hematological malignancies. MATERIALS AND METHODS This was a prospective, observational study. Patients in whom the infectious agent was determined by laboratory examination were considered to have infectious diarrhea. Patients with diarrhea were categorized as infectious or unidentified and compared in terms of demographic data, treatments, risk factors, laboratory findings, and prognosis. RESULTS A total of 838 patients were hospitalized, among which 105 patients who met the inclusion criteria were included (12.5%). The patients were divided into two groups: 67 (63.8%) with unidentified diarrhea and 38 (36.2%) with infectious diarrhea. There were no differences between these groups in terms of age, sex, types of hematological malignancies, and presence of comorbidities. The most commonly isolated microorganism was Clostridioides difficile (12.4%). The rate of corticosteroid use was higher in the group with infectious diarrhea (39.5%) than in the group with unidentified diarrhea (7.5%) (P <0.001). The rate of granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (GCSF) use was higher in patients with unidentified diarrhea than in patients with infectious diarrhea (67.2% vs. 42.1%, P=0.022). The median duration of diarrhea was 9 (4-10) days in the group with infectious diarrhea and 5 (3-8) days in the group with unidentified diarrhea (P=0.012). According to the multivariate logistic regression model, corticosteroid treatment increased the risk of infectious diarrhea by a 4.75-fold (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.32-17.02) times. Moreover, the duration of diarrhea may result in a 1.15 (95% CI, 1.02-1.31) fold increase in the risk of infectious diarrhea, while GCSF treatment had a 2.84 (1/0.35) (95% CI, 0.12-0.96) fold risk-reducing effect against infectious diarrhea. CONCLUSION Infectious diarrhea lasts longer than unidentified diarrhea in patients with hematological malignancies. Although corticosteroid use is a risk factor for developing infectious diarrhea, GCSF use has a protective effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Şükran Şahinkaya
- Department of Infection Control Committee, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Zeynep Ture
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey.
| | - Ali Unal
- Department of Hematology, Faculty of Medicine, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Gamze Kalın Ünüvar
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Ayşegül Ulu Kılıç
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey
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Supriyadi E, Purwanto I, Widiastuti Z, Armytasari I, Sandi S, Ardianto B, Kaspers GJL. Infection-related mortality and infection control practices in childhood acute myeloid leukemia in a limited resource setting: Experience with the Indonesian national protocol. BELITUNG NURSING JOURNAL 2024; 10:185-191. [PMID: 38690309 PMCID: PMC11056831 DOI: 10.33546/bnj.3139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Revised: 12/25/2023] [Accepted: 01/28/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Background In resource-limited settings, addressing infections remains a substantial challenge in the management of children with Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML). In Indonesia, infection-related mortality (IRM) is thought to be high compared to high-income countries. However, there has been no previous study of infection profile and IRM in Indonesian patients with AML. Objective This study aimed to describe infections and IRM in children with AML treated according to the Indonesian National AML protocol and to describe the implementation of infection control practices in resource-limited settings. Methods This retrospective observational study used secondary data from the medical records of pediatric patients with AML treated with the National Protocol at Dr. Sardjito Hospital, Yogyakarta, Indonesia, from April 2012 to September 2018. Essential patient characteristics, time of IRM, and cause of death were recorded, and infection control practices were observed. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics. Results 113 patients with AML were treated with the National protocol, and 83 met the inclusion criteria. Infections occurred in 69 (83%) patients with a total of 123 episodes (mean 1.8/patient). Death was seen in 48 (58%) patients, with 19 (23%) IRM. The majority of infections were in the gastrointestinal tract (n = 51, 30.5%), sepsis (n = 29, 17%), and respiratory tract (n = 28, 17%). Infections mostly occurred during the first induction (41%). There were 90 (73%) episodes of clinically documented infection and 33 (27%) episodes of microbiologically documented infection. The positivity rate of blood cultures was only 27%. The majority of bacteria detected were gram-negative (n = 25, 69%), and among them were Klebsiella pneumonia (19%) and Escherichia coli (19%). Candida albicans was detected in 1 (2%) culture. Suboptimal infection prevention and control were found in the clinical practice. Conclusion Infections and infection-related mortality in children with AML treated using the National protocol were frequent, mainly occurring during the first induction phase. Compliance with infection prevention and control measures needs improvement. Urgent attention is required for better supportive care, including isolation rooms, antibiotics, and antifungals. The predominance of Gram-negative bacterial infections highlights the necessity for further research into effective prophylaxis. Enhanced healthcare and nursing professional vigilance and tailored antibiotic strategies are vital. Improving compliance and ensuring adequate supportive care resources are essential, emphasizing nursing's pivotal role. Further research is crucial to drive advancements in infection control strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eddy Supriyadi
- Department of Child Health, Faculty of Medicine, Public Health, and Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
- Dr. Sardjito General Hospital, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
| | - Ignatius Purwanto
- Department of Child Health, Faculty of Medicine, Public Health, and Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
- Dr. Sardjito General Hospital, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
| | | | - Inggar Armytasari
- Department of Child Health, Faculty of Medicine, Public Health, and Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
- Dr. Sardjito General Hospital, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
| | | | - Bambang Ardianto
- Department of Child Health, Faculty of Medicine, Public Health, and Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
- Dr. Sardjito General Hospital, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
| | - Gertjan J. L. Kaspers
- Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, 3584 CS Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Emma Children’s Hospital, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Pediatric Oncology, The Netherlands
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Kubde D, Badge AK, Ugemuge S, Shahu S. Importance of Hospital Infection Control. Cureus 2023; 15:e50931. [PMID: 38259418 PMCID: PMC10801286 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.50931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
The increasing demand for healthcare-acquired infection (HAI) control practices and services has intensified the need to evaluate care quality. The World Health Organization (WHO) introduced an infection prevention and control (IPC) framework to mitigate the impact of HAIs, crucial for ensuring patient safety in hospitals. HAIs acquired after hospitalization pose significant challenges due to factors such as compromised immunity, invasive medical procedures, and antibiotic-resistant pathogens, which have dire consequences, including higher mortality rates and increased healthcare costs. Healthcare workers (HCWs) are critical in implementing IPC measures. Infection control programs that include strategies such as hand hygiene, personal protective equipment (PPE), environmental cleaning, and surveillance have become standard. However, challenges such as resistance to change, resource limitations, patient turnover, and variability in patient conditions persist. Strategies to maintain hospital infection control involve rigorous compliance monitoring, staff education, advanced technologies such as artificial intelligence (AI), machine learning (ML), telemedicine, and innovative sanitation methods. The future of hospital infection control may involve increased integration of environmental monitoring, antimicrobial stewardship, and patient participation while leveraging collaboration among healthcare facilities. The review highlights the criticality of hospital infection control and suggests trends and opportunities to strengthen prevention efforts and patient safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dimple Kubde
- School of Allied Health Sciences, Datta Meghe Medical College, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research (DU), Nagpur, IND
| | - Ankit K Badge
- Department of Microbiology, Datta Meghe Medical College, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research (DU), Nagpur, IND
| | - Sarita Ugemuge
- Department of Microbiology, Datta Meghe Medical College, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research (DU), Nagpur, IND
| | - Shivani Shahu
- School of Allied Health Sciences, Datta Meghe Medical College, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research (DU), Nagpur, IND
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Wilson Dib R, Spallone A, Khawaja F, Feldman A, Cantu S, Chemaly RF. The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on hospital-acquired infections at a comprehensive cancer center. Am J Infect Control 2023; 51:1302-1308. [PMID: 37804272 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajic.2023.08.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Revised: 08/15/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 10/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Robust infection prevention and control (IPC) measures were deployed across health care institutions at the start of the COVID-19 pandemic, resulting in increased use of personal protective equipment, enhanced contact precautions, and an emphasis on hand hygiene. Here, we evaluate the effect of enhanced IPC practices on the occurrence of various hospital-associated infections (HAIs) in a comprehensive cancer center. METHODS From September 2016 through March 2022, we calculated the incidence rates (IRs) of HAIs for C. difficile infection, multidrug-resistant organisms, respiratory viral infections (RVIs), and device-related infections. We analyzed the incidence rate ratios for all HAIs during the periods before the pandemic, during the pandemic, at the time of the surges, and in COVID-19-designated wards. RESULTS When comparing the prepandemic to the pandemic period, the IR across all MRDOs was similar. We observed a decrease in the IR of central line-associated bloodstream infections and a stable IR of catheter-associated urinary tract infections. A significant decrease was observed in the IR of C. difficile infection. The total IR of nosocomial RVIs decreased, as did for each respiratory virus. A similar IR of nosocomial RVIs between COVID-19 community surge versus nonsurge periods was observed except for SARS-CoV-2, RSV, and influenza. multidrug resistant organisms were 5 times more likely to occur on the COVID-19 wards compared with the non-COVID-19 wards. CONCLUSIONS Implementing strict IPC measures during the COVID-19 pandemic in a cancer hospital led to a significant decrease in many HAIs and a reduction in nosocomial RVIs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rita Wilson Dib
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Infection Control and Employee Health, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX
| | - Amy Spallone
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Infection Control and Employee Health, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Fareed Khawaja
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Infection Control and Employee Health, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Adina Feldman
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Infection Control and Employee Health, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Sherry Cantu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Infection Control and Employee Health, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Roy F Chemaly
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Infection Control and Employee Health, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX.
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Costa MG, Rocha Júnior PR, Spadella MA, Pinho MVX, Chagas EFB, Pinheiro OL. Playful activity with robot for hand hygiene of elementary school students: quasi-experimental study. Rev Gaucha Enferm 2023; 44:e20220344. [PMID: 37909517 DOI: 10.1590/1983-1447.2023.20220344.en] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Accepted: 06/16/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the effectiveness of the hand hygiene process after elementary school students participated in an educational activity using an automated digital technology called Tutor Robot. METHOD Quasi-experimental study developed in 2019 with elementary school students (n=203). Hand hygiene was performed with a fluorescent solution before and after participating in an educational activity with a tutor robot. The images were recorded in a dark chamber and the data related to area of residence, grade, gender, hand position and laterality were analyzed by Anova and Holm-Sidak Post-Hoc (p≤0,05). RESULTS All conditions studied improved the hand hygiene process after activity with the tutor robot. There was no association between grade, gender, and dominant hand and the performance in the hand hygiene process, however, students from urban areas performed better than those from rural areas. CONCLUSION The activity with the tutor robot represented an important resource for conducting health education actions on hand hygiene and can also be tested in other settings and populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Gabarron Costa
- Faculdade de Medicina de Marília (Famema), Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ensino em Saúde, Mestrado Profissional. Marília, São Paulo, Brasil
| | - Paulo Roberto Rocha Júnior
- Faculdade de Medicina de Marília (Famema), Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ensino em Saúde, Mestrado Profissional. Marília, São Paulo, Brasil
| | - Maria Angélica Spadella
- Faculdade de Medicina de Marília (Famema), Programa de Pós-Graduação em Saúde e Envelhecimento, Mestrado Acadêmico. Marília, São Paulo, Brasil
| | | | - Eduardo Federighi Baisi Chagas
- Faculdade de Medicina de Marília (Famema), Programa de Pós-Graduação em Saúde e Envelhecimento, Mestrado Acadêmico. Marília, São Paulo, Brasil
- Universidade de Marília (UNIMAR), Programa de Pós-Graduação em Interações Estruturais e Funcionais em Reabilitação.Marília, São Paulo, Brasil
| | - Osni Lázaro Pinheiro
- Faculdade de Medicina de Marília (Famema), Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ensino em Saúde, Mestrado Profissional. Marília, São Paulo, Brasil
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Fraser K, Kuhn M, Swanson R, Coulter DW, Copeland C, Zuniga JM. Low Motor Dexterity and Significant Behaviors Following Hospitalized Isolation in Children. CHILDREN (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 10:1287. [PMID: 37628286 PMCID: PMC10453062 DOI: 10.3390/children10081287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Revised: 07/23/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023]
Abstract
The main objective of this study was to describe the cortical patterns of brain activity during a gross dexterity task and develop a behavioral profile of children experiencing isolation. A cross-sectional assessment was conducted during one visit. Sample: Four pediatric patients who had undergone isolation within a hospital comprised the full data collection. During the collection, participants completed the Box and Blocks Test of gross manual dexterity while undergoing imaging of the motor cortex using functional near-infrared spectroscopy. Participants also completed a Behavioral Assessment System for Children, Third Edition (BASC-3) self-report, which was analyzed along with a parent report to quantify their emotional and social behaviors. All participants displayed lower gross dexterity levels than normative data. Furthermore, three out of the four participants displayed ipsilateral dominance of the motor cortex during the dexterity task. Three of the participants displayed behavioral measures reported within clinically significant or at-risk scores. Clinically significant behavioral scores coupled with lower than expected manual dexterity values and ipsilateral hemispheric dominance indicate that neuroplastic changes can occur in populations undergoing hospitalized isolation. While the impacts of the treatments and isolation in this case cannot be separated, further studies should be conducted to understand these impacts of isolation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaitlin Fraser
- Department of Biomechanics, University of Nebraska Omaha, Omaha, NE 68182, USA (C.C.)
| | - Miriam Kuhn
- Department of Special Education and Communication Disorders, University of Nebraska Omaha, Omaha, NE 68182, USA
| | - Rebecca Swanson
- Pediatric Hematology and Oncology Clinic, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
| | - Don W. Coulter
- Division of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
- Children’s Hospital & Medical Center Specialty Pediatric Center, Omaha, NE 68114, USA
| | - Christopher Copeland
- Department of Biomechanics, University of Nebraska Omaha, Omaha, NE 68182, USA (C.C.)
| | - Jorge M. Zuniga
- Department of Biomechanics, University of Nebraska Omaha, Omaha, NE 68182, USA (C.C.)
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Wilson Dib R, Ariza-Heredia E, Spallone A, Chemaly RF. Respiratory Viral Infections in Recipients of Cellular Therapies: A Review of Incidence, Outcomes, Treatment, and Prevention. Open Forum Infect Dis 2023; 10:ofad166. [PMID: 37065990 PMCID: PMC10096899 DOI: 10.1093/ofid/ofad166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2023] [Indexed: 04/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Respiratory viral infections (RVIs) are of major clinical importance in immunocompromised patients and represent a substantial cause of morbidity and mortality in patients with hematologic malignancies and those who have undergone hematopoietic cell transplantation. Similarly, patients receiving immunotherapy with CD19-targeted chimeric antigen receptor-modified T cells, natural killer cells, and genetically modified T-cell receptors are susceptible to RVIs and progression to lower respiratory tract infections. In adoptive cellular therapy recipients, this enhanced susceptibility to RVIs results from previous chemotherapy regimens such as lymphocyte-depleting chemotherapy conditioning regimens, underlying B-cell malignancies, immune-related toxicities, and secondary prolonged, profound hypogammaglobulinemia. The aggregated risk factors for RVIs have both immediate and long-term consequences. This review summarizes the current literature on the pathogenesis, epidemiology, and clinical aspects of RVIs that are unique to recipients of adoptive cellular therapy, the preventive and therapeutic options for common RVIs, and appropriate infection control and preventive strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rita Wilson Dib
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas, USA
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Infection Control and Employee Health, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Ella Ariza-Heredia
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Infection Control and Employee Health, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Amy Spallone
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Infection Control and Employee Health, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Roy F Chemaly
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Infection Control and Employee Health, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
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12
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Larkins MC, Meyer DB, Lowery K, Speicher RL, Brodish BN, Ju AW. Bacterial epiglottitis superimposed on oropharyngeal cancer: A case report. Cancer Rep (Hoboken) 2023; 6:e1783. [PMID: 36690392 PMCID: PMC10026303 DOI: 10.1002/cnr2.1783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2022] [Revised: 12/22/2022] [Accepted: 12/31/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Patients undergoing chemotherapy and radiotherapy are placed in an immunocompromised state worth consideration in the event of potential airway compromise, especially when superimposed on an airway-obstructing tumor. We report a case of bacterial epiglottitis in a patient with active oropharyngeal cancer (OPC), who presented in such a way that an infectious etiology was not initially considered in the patient's care. To our knowledge, such a circumstance has not been reported in the literature. CASE Here, we report a case of a 68-year-old male with advanced-stage OPC who developed respiratory distress and underwent emergent tracheostomy. The patient was diagnosed postoperatively with Haemophilus influenza and Pseudomonas aerugeniosa. Following antibiotic treatment, the patient recovered to the point in which he could then undergo concomitant chemoradiation. The patient later had a recurrence of P. aerugeniosa during their radiotherapy that was also treated with antibiotics. The patient experienced continued symptoms related to their OPC and underwent pharyngectomy. Despite the initial success of this procedure, the patient experienced tumor recurrence and succumbed to his disease. CONCLUSION This case underscores the importance of considering multiple etiologies concerning airway compromise, as the consequence of delayed cancer treatment may be loss of local cancer control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael C Larkins
- Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina University, Greenville, North Carolina, USA
| | - David B Meyer
- Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina University, Greenville, North Carolina, USA
| | - Kenneth Lowery
- Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina University, Greenville, North Carolina, USA
| | - Rachel L Speicher
- East Carolina Anesthesia Associates, Greenville, North Carolina, USA
| | - Brian N Brodish
- Eastern Carolina ENT Head and Neck Surgery, Greenville, North Carolina, USA
| | - Andrew W Ju
- Department of Radiation Oncology, East Carolina University Brody School of Medicine, Greenville, North Carolina, USA
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13
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Peacock WF, Chemaly RF, Torriani F, Shahid Z, Dawal S. A new normal for the clinician's third hand: Stethoscope hygiene and infection prevention. Am J Infect Control 2023; 51:114-118. [PMID: 36351475 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajic.2022.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2022] [Revised: 10/07/2022] [Accepted: 10/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- W Frank Peacock
- Research Henry JN Taub Department of Emergency Medicine Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX.
| | - Roy F Chemaly
- Clinical Virology Research Department of ID/IC/EH UT MD, Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; Division of Epidemiology, Human Genetics, and Environmental Sciences, UT School of Public Health, Houston, TX; Medicine Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX
| | - Francesca Torriani
- Infection Prevention and Clinical Epidemiology and Tuberculosis Control UC San Diego Health, Clinical Division of ID And Global Health at UC San Diego San Diego, CA
| | - Zainab Shahid
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, Manhattan, NY
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14
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Grant M, Hockings H, Lapuente M, Adeniran P, Saud RA, Sivajothi A, Amin J, Crusz SM, Rashid S, Szabados B, Wells P, Boleti E, Powles TB. Learning from Crisis: a Multicentre Study of Oncology Telemedicine Clinics Introduced During COVID-19. JOURNAL OF CANCER EDUCATION : THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN ASSOCIATION FOR CANCER EDUCATION 2022; 37:1861-1869. [PMID: 34213751 PMCID: PMC8249430 DOI: 10.1007/s13187-021-02053-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has necessitated adaptation of cancer patient care. Oncology patients who contract COVID-19 have poor outcomes. Telemedicine clinics (teleclinics) have been introduced for cancer patients to reduce the risk of horizontal transmission at St. Bartholomew's Hospital and The Royal Free Hospital in London. Teleclinics have become routine in many specialities; however, inclusion in oncology care was not standard prior to the pandemic. A mixed-methods survey was designed and delivered to cancer patients (n = 106) at St. Bartholomew's Hospital and The Royal Free Hospital who had transitioned to teleclinics in March 2020. The survey explored patients' perceptions of this format. In total, 96 (90.5%) patients consented to take part, across a range of tumour types. Overall, respondents reacted favourably to the format of the teleclinics, with 90.6% of respondents (87/96) stating they would utilise teleclinics beyond the pandemic. Additionally, a survey was distributed to clinicians delivering these teleclinics (n = 16) to explore previous training in, perceptions of, and lessons learned from the introduction of telemedicine. Results suggest patients are accepting of teleclinic use for most clinical purposes. Teleclinic implementation affords benefits to cancer patient care both during and after COVID-19, but there is an urgent need for telemedicine education in oncology specialty training.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Grant
- Barts Cancer Institute, Bart’s and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, Charterhouse Square, Barbican, London, EC1M 6BE UK
- Department of Oncology, St. Bartholomew’s Hospital, Bart’s Health NHS Trust, London, UK
- Specialist Kidney Cancer Unit, Royal Free Hospital, Royal Free NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Helen Hockings
- Department of Oncology, St. Bartholomew’s Hospital, Bart’s Health NHS Trust, London, UK
| | - Maria Lapuente
- Barts Cancer Institute, Bart’s and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, Charterhouse Square, Barbican, London, EC1M 6BE UK
- Department of Oncology, St. Bartholomew’s Hospital, Bart’s Health NHS Trust, London, UK
| | - Philip Adeniran
- Barts Cancer Institute, Bart’s and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, Charterhouse Square, Barbican, London, EC1M 6BE UK
- Department of Oncology, St. Bartholomew’s Hospital, Bart’s Health NHS Trust, London, UK
| | - Rabiah Abbas Saud
- Barts Cancer Institute, Bart’s and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, Charterhouse Square, Barbican, London, EC1M 6BE UK
- Department of Oncology, St. Bartholomew’s Hospital, Bart’s Health NHS Trust, London, UK
| | - Anjali Sivajothi
- Barts Cancer Institute, Bart’s and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, Charterhouse Square, Barbican, London, EC1M 6BE UK
- Department of Oncology, St. Bartholomew’s Hospital, Bart’s Health NHS Trust, London, UK
| | - Jubel Amin
- Barts Cancer Institute, Bart’s and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, Charterhouse Square, Barbican, London, EC1M 6BE UK
- Department of Oncology, St. Bartholomew’s Hospital, Bart’s Health NHS Trust, London, UK
| | - Shanthini M. Crusz
- Department of Oncology, St. Bartholomew’s Hospital, Bart’s Health NHS Trust, London, UK
| | - Sukaina Rashid
- Department of Oncology, St. Bartholomew’s Hospital, Bart’s Health NHS Trust, London, UK
| | - Bernadette Szabados
- Barts Cancer Institute, Bart’s and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, Charterhouse Square, Barbican, London, EC1M 6BE UK
- Department of Oncology, St. Bartholomew’s Hospital, Bart’s Health NHS Trust, London, UK
| | - Paula Wells
- Department of Oncology, St. Bartholomew’s Hospital, Bart’s Health NHS Trust, London, UK
| | - Ekaterini Boleti
- Specialist Kidney Cancer Unit, Royal Free Hospital, Royal Free NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Thomas B. Powles
- Barts Cancer Institute, Bart’s and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, Charterhouse Square, Barbican, London, EC1M 6BE UK
- Department of Oncology, St. Bartholomew’s Hospital, Bart’s Health NHS Trust, London, UK
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15
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Chifiriuc MC, Filip R, Constantin M, Pircalabioru GG, Bleotu C, Burlibasa L, Ionica E, Corcionivoschi N, Mihaescu G. Common themes in antimicrobial and anticancer drug resistance. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:960693. [PMID: 36003940 PMCID: PMC9393787 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.960693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2022] [Accepted: 07/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Antimicrobial and anticancer drug resistance represent two of the main global challenges for the public health, requiring immediate practical solutions. In line with this, we need a better understanding of the origins of drug resistance in prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells and the evolutionary processes leading to the occurrence of adaptive phenotypes in response to the selective pressure of therapeutic agents. The purpose of this paper is to present some of the analogies between the antimicrobial and anticancer drug resistance. Antimicrobial and anticancer drugs share common targets and mechanisms of action as well as similar mechanisms of resistance (e.g., increased drug efflux, drug inactivation, target alteration, persister cells’ selection, protection of bacterial communities/malignant tissue by an extracellular matrix, etc.). Both individual and collective stress responses triggered by the chemotherapeutic agent involving complex intercellular communication processes, as well as with the surrounding microenvironment, will be considered. The common themes in antimicrobial and anticancer drug resistance recommend the utility of bacterial experimental models for unraveling the mechanisms that facilitate the evolution and adaptation of malignant cells to antineoplastic drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariana Carmen Chifiriuc
- Faculty of Biology, University of Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania
- Life, Environmental and Earth Sciences Division, Research Institute of the University of Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania
- The Romanian Academy, Bucharest, Romania
- Academy of Romanian Scientists, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Roxana Filip
- Faculty of Medicine and Biological Sciences, Stefan cel Mare University of Suceava, Suceava, Romania
- Suceava Emergency County Hospital, Suceava, Romania
| | | | - Gratiela Gradisteanu Pircalabioru
- Faculty of Biology, University of Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania
- Academy of Romanian Scientists, Bucharest, Romania
- *Correspondence: Gratiela Gradisteanu Pircalabioru,
| | - Coralia Bleotu
- Stefan S. Nicolau Institute of Virology, Bucharest, Romania
- Romanian Academy of Scientists, Bucharest, Romania
- Coralia Bleotu, ;
| | | | - Elena Ionica
- Faculty of Biology, University of Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Nicolae Corcionivoschi
- Bacteriology Branch, Veterinary Sciences Division, Agri-Food and Biosciences Institute, Belfast, United Kingdom
- Faculty of Bioengineering of Animal Resources, Banat University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine—King Michael I of Romania, Timisoara, Romania
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16
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Amicucci M, Biagioli V, Rostagno E, Canesi M, Bergadano A, Botta D, Crotti Partel M. Organizational Challenges in the Pediatric Onco-hematology Units During the First and Second Wave of the COVID-19 Pandemic: A National Survey in Italy. Clin Hematol Int 2022; 4:99-106. [PMID: 36131127 PMCID: PMC9223269 DOI: 10.1007/s44228-022-00010-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2021] [Accepted: 12/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to describe and compare, at a national level, the measures implemented in the pediatric onco-hematology units and the number of infections among patients and healthcare staff during the first and second wave of the COVID-19 pandemic in Italy. A multicenter, descriptive, online survey was conducted between15th March and 15th April 2020 (T1) and between 1 and 31st January 2021 (T2). All the Italian Pediatric Oncology and Hematology Association (AIEOP) centers were invited to participate in the study. Data of the pre-pandemic, first, and second phase were compared. Thirty-six of the 48 AIEOP centers completed the survey (75%). Several organizational, screening, and swab measures were implemented by AIEOP centers to prevent the SARS-CoV-2 infection among patients and visitors. During the pandemic, there was a significant reduction in the number of onco-hematology inpatient beds (p < 0.001), including inpatient beds dedicated to hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT), and consultations in the outpatient clinics (p < 0.001). During the first wave, 37 pediatric patients with cancer tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 versus 174 patients during the second wave. The reduction in routine services was also greater in the second than in the first wave. All the AIEOP centers showed the capacity to adapt and promptly respond to both waves of the pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matteo Amicucci
- Department of Onco Haematology and Cell and Gene Therapy, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Piazza Sant'Onofrio Square, 4, 00165, Rome, Italy.
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Via Montpellier, 1, Rome, Italy.
| | - Valentina Biagioli
- Professional Development, Continuing Education and Research Service, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Piazza S. Onofrio, 4, 00165, Rome, Italy
| | - Elena Rostagno
- Pediatric Oncology and Hematology Unit, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria di Bologna, Via Massarenti, 11, 40138, Bologna, Italy
| | - Marta Canesi
- Pediatric Hematology and BMT Unit, Fondazione MBBM Onlus - Clinica Pediatrica Università degli Studi Milano Bicocca, Via Pergolesi, 33, 20900, Monza, Italy
| | - Anna Bergadano
- Pediatric Hematology and Oncology Stem Cell Transplantation and Cellular Therapy Division, Presidio Infantile Regina Margherita, Piazza Polonia, 94, 10126, Turin, Italy
| | - Debora Botta
- Pediatric Unit, Ospedale Santissima Annunziata-Asl Cn1, Via degli Ospedali 14, 12038, Savigliano, Italy
| | - Moreno Crotti Partel
- Bachelor of Science in Nursing, ASST Spedali Civili - University of Brescia, Viale Europa, 15, 25123, Brescia, Italy
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17
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Roy Moulik N, Bhat V, Yadav R, Narula G, Challinor J, Banavali S. Development and impact of a novel hospital to home-away-from-home infection control outreach nursing program in Mumbai: Tata Memorial Hospital experience. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2022; 69:e29449. [PMID: 34767282 DOI: 10.1002/pbc.29449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2021] [Accepted: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nirmalya Roy Moulik
- Division of Pediatric Oncology, Department of Medical Oncology, Tata Memorial Hospital, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, India
| | - Vasudeva Bhat
- Division of Pediatric Oncology, Department of Medical Oncology, Tata Memorial Hospital, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, India
| | - Rajeshree Yadav
- Department of Nursing, Tata Memorial Hospital, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, India
| | - Gaurav Narula
- Division of Pediatric Oncology, Department of Medical Oncology, Tata Memorial Hospital, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, India
| | - Julia Challinor
- School of Nursing, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Shripad Banavali
- Division of Pediatric Oncology, Department of Medical Oncology, Tata Memorial Hospital, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, India
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18
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Sukhum KV, Newcomer EP, Cass C, Wallace MA, Johnson C, Fine J, Sax S, Barlet MH, Burnham CAD, Dantas G, Kwon JH. Antibiotic-resistant organisms establish reservoirs in new hospital built environments and are related to patient blood infection isolates. COMMUNICATIONS MEDICINE 2022; 2:62. [PMID: 35664456 PMCID: PMC9160058 DOI: 10.1038/s43856-022-00124-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2021] [Accepted: 05/06/2022] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Healthcare-associated infections due to antibiotic-resistant organisms pose an acute and rising threat to critically ill and immunocompromised patients. To evaluate reservoirs of antibiotic-resistant organisms as a source of transmission to patients, we interrogated isolates from environmental surfaces, patient feces, and patient blood infections from an established and a newly built intensive care unit. Methods We used selective culture to recover 829 antibiotic-resistant organisms from 1594 environmental and 72 patient fecal samples, in addition to 81 isolates from blood cultures. We conducted antibiotic susceptibility testing and short- and long-read whole genome sequencing on recovered isolates. Results Antibiotic-resistant organism burden is highest in sink drains compared to other surfaces. Pseudomonas aeruginosa is the most frequently cultured organism from surfaces in both intensive care units. From whole genome sequencing, different lineages of P. aeruginosa dominate in each unit; one P. aeruginosa lineage of ST1894 is found in multiple sink drains in the new intensive care unit and 3.7% of blood isolates analyzed, suggesting movement of this clone between the environment and patients. Conclusions These results highlight antibiotic-resistant organism reservoirs in hospital built environments as an important target for infection prevention in hospitalized patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kimberley V. Sukhum
- The Edison Family Center for Genome Sciences and Systems Biology, Washington University School of Medicine in St Louis, St Louis, MO USA
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine in St Louis, St Louis, MO USA
| | - Erin P. Newcomer
- The Edison Family Center for Genome Sciences and Systems Biology, Washington University School of Medicine in St Louis, St Louis, MO USA
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine in St Louis, St Louis, MO USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University in St Louis, St Louis, MO USA
| | - Candice Cass
- Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine in St Louis, St Louis, MO USA
| | - Meghan A. Wallace
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine in St Louis, St Louis, MO USA
| | - Caitlin Johnson
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine in St Louis, St Louis, MO USA
| | - Jeremy Fine
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine in St Louis, St Louis, MO USA
| | - Steven Sax
- Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine in St Louis, St Louis, MO USA
| | - Margaret H. Barlet
- Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine in St Louis, St Louis, MO USA
| | - Carey-Ann D. Burnham
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine in St Louis, St Louis, MO USA
- Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine in St Louis, St Louis, MO USA
- Department of Molecular Microbiology, Washington University School of Medicine in St Louis, St Louis, MO USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine in St Louis, St Louis, MO USA
| | - Gautam Dantas
- The Edison Family Center for Genome Sciences and Systems Biology, Washington University School of Medicine in St Louis, St Louis, MO USA
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine in St Louis, St Louis, MO USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University in St Louis, St Louis, MO USA
- Department of Molecular Microbiology, Washington University School of Medicine in St Louis, St Louis, MO USA
| | - Jennie H. Kwon
- Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine in St Louis, St Louis, MO USA
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19
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Infection prevention requirements for the medical care of immunosuppressed patients: recommendations of the Commission for Hospital Hygiene and Infection Prevention (KRINKO) at the Robert Koch Institute. GMS HYGIENE AND INFECTION CONTROL 2022; 17:Doc07. [PMID: 35707229 PMCID: PMC9174886 DOI: 10.3205/dgkh000410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
In Germany, guidelines for hygiene in hospitals are given in form of recommendations by the Commission for Hospital Hygiene and Infection Prevention (Kommission für Krankenhaushygiene und Infektionsprävention, "KRINKO"). The KRINKO and its voluntary work are legitimized by the mandate according to § 23 of the Infection Protection Act (Infektionsschutzgesetz, "IfSG"). The original German version of this document was published in February 2021 and has now been made available to the international professional public in English. The guideline provides recommendations on infection prevention and control for immunocompromised individuals in health care facilities. This recommendation addresses not only measures related to direct medical care of immunocompromised patients, but also management aspects such as surveillance, screening, antibiotic stewardship, and technical/structural aspects such as patient rooms, air quality, and special measures during renovations.
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20
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Belloni S, Caruso R, Cattani D, Mandelli G, Donizetti D, Mazzoleni B, Tedeschi M. Occurrence rate and risk factors for long-term central line-associated bloodstream infections in patients with cancer: A systematic review. Worldviews Evid Based Nurs 2022; 19:100-111. [PMID: 35262257 DOI: 10.1111/wvn.12574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2021] [Revised: 07/23/2021] [Accepted: 08/02/2021] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Central line-associated bloodstream infection (CLABSI) is a public health problem that harms patients' outcomes and healthcare costs, especially in susceptible populations such as patients with cancer. Overall, systematic queries about etiology, risks, and epidemiology are explained by data from observational studies, which better underline the relationship between factors and incidence of disease. However, no recent systematic reviews of observational studies on adult patients with cancer have been conducted on this topic, considering the wide range of all potential factors which can contribute to the increase in infection rate in the hospitalized adults with cancer. This study systematically reviewed observational studies investigating the occurrence rate of CLABSI and its risk factors for long-term inserted central catheter-related infections in hospitalized adult cancer patients. METHODS A systematic review was performed on four databases from the earliest available date until December 2020. Retrospective and prospective cohort studies focused on the occurrence rate of CLABSI and its risk factors in hospitalized adult cancer patients. The pooled occurrence rate of CLABSI (95% CI) was calculated by applying a random-effects model. RESULTS Of 1712 studies, 8 were eligible, and the data of device-related infection rate were meta-analyzed. The pooled occurrence rate of CLABSI was roughly 8% (95% CI [4%, 14%]). The device characteristics, device's management aspects, therapies administration, and select patients' clinical conditions represent the main risk factors for long-term catheter-related infection in cancer patients. LINKING EVIDENCE TO ACTION Considering the substantial infection rate among cancer patients, identifying risk rate factors is pivotal to support evidence-grounded preventive strategies and maximize cancer patient safety. This study's results could guide policymakers and healthcare leaders and future research studies to disseminate appropriate risk-reducing management culture and implement standardized research and clinical approach to the investigated phenomenon as an infection surveillance strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Belloni
- Educational and Research Unit, Humanitas Research Hospital IRCCS, Rozzano, Milan, Italy
| | - Rosario Caruso
- Health Professions Research and Development Unit, IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, San Donato Milanese, Milan, Italy
| | - Daniela Cattani
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Pieve Emanuele, Milan, Italy
| | - Giorgia Mandelli
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Pieve Emanuele, Milan, Italy
| | - Daniela Donizetti
- Educational and Research Unit, Humanitas Research Hospital IRCCS, Rozzano, Milan, Italy
| | - Beatrice Mazzoleni
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Pieve Emanuele, Milan, Italy
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21
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Santos-Costa P, Paiva-Santos F, Sousa LB, Bernardes RA, Ventura F, Fearnley WD, Salgueiro-Oliveira A, Parreira P, Vieira M, Graveto J. Nurses’ Practices in the Peripheral Intravenous Catheterization of Adult Oncology Patients: A Mix-Method Study. J Pers Med 2022; 12:jpm12020151. [PMID: 35207640 PMCID: PMC8874472 DOI: 10.3390/jpm12020151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Revised: 01/07/2022] [Accepted: 01/21/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
A significant number of adult oncology patients require at least one peripheral intravenous catheter to fulfill their therapeutic plan. Recent evidence indicates that catheter failure rates are high in this cohort, impacting care outcomes and patient experience during cancer treatment. This reality represents a challenge to nurses worldwide since in most international settings they are responsible for delivering quality care during the insertion and maintenance of such devices. This study aims to explore current nursing practices regarding the insertion, maintenance, and surveillance of peripheral intravenous catheters in oncology patients. A two-phase mix-method study was conducted with the nursing team from the surgical ward of a large oncology hospital in Portugal. In phase one (observational prospective study), nurses’ practices during catheter insertion and maintenance were observed by the research team and recorded using standardized instruments and validated scales. In phase two, three online focus groups were conducted with the nursing team to present the results observed in phase one and explore their perceptions of current practices. All ethical principles were assured throughout the study. Significant divergent practices were observed and identified by the nurses, especially concerning patient involvement, nurses’ adherence to the aseptic, non-touch technique, catheter stabilization and dressing, and catheter flushing and locking. Such practices may partially explain the high complication rate found (26%) and substantiate the need for future intervention in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paulo Santos-Costa
- The Health Sciences Research Unit: Nursing, Nursing School of Coimbra, 3004-011 Coimbra, Portugal; (F.P.-S.); (L.B.S.); (R.A.B.); (F.V.); (A.S.-O.); (P.P.); (J.G.)
- Instituto Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Católica Portuguesa, 4169-005 Porto, Portugal;
- Correspondence:
| | - Filipe Paiva-Santos
- The Health Sciences Research Unit: Nursing, Nursing School of Coimbra, 3004-011 Coimbra, Portugal; (F.P.-S.); (L.B.S.); (R.A.B.); (F.V.); (A.S.-O.); (P.P.); (J.G.)
| | - Liliana B. Sousa
- The Health Sciences Research Unit: Nursing, Nursing School of Coimbra, 3004-011 Coimbra, Portugal; (F.P.-S.); (L.B.S.); (R.A.B.); (F.V.); (A.S.-O.); (P.P.); (J.G.)
| | - Rafael A. Bernardes
- The Health Sciences Research Unit: Nursing, Nursing School of Coimbra, 3004-011 Coimbra, Portugal; (F.P.-S.); (L.B.S.); (R.A.B.); (F.V.); (A.S.-O.); (P.P.); (J.G.)
| | - Filipa Ventura
- The Health Sciences Research Unit: Nursing, Nursing School of Coimbra, 3004-011 Coimbra, Portugal; (F.P.-S.); (L.B.S.); (R.A.B.); (F.V.); (A.S.-O.); (P.P.); (J.G.)
| | | | - Anabela Salgueiro-Oliveira
- The Health Sciences Research Unit: Nursing, Nursing School of Coimbra, 3004-011 Coimbra, Portugal; (F.P.-S.); (L.B.S.); (R.A.B.); (F.V.); (A.S.-O.); (P.P.); (J.G.)
| | - Pedro Parreira
- The Health Sciences Research Unit: Nursing, Nursing School of Coimbra, 3004-011 Coimbra, Portugal; (F.P.-S.); (L.B.S.); (R.A.B.); (F.V.); (A.S.-O.); (P.P.); (J.G.)
| | - Margarida Vieira
- Instituto Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Católica Portuguesa, 4169-005 Porto, Portugal;
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Health, Universidade Católica Portuguesa, 4169-005 Porto, Portugal
| | - João Graveto
- The Health Sciences Research Unit: Nursing, Nursing School of Coimbra, 3004-011 Coimbra, Portugal; (F.P.-S.); (L.B.S.); (R.A.B.); (F.V.); (A.S.-O.); (P.P.); (J.G.)
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Impact of dry hydrogen peroxide on hospital-acquired infection at a pediatric oncology hospital. Am J Infect Control 2021; 50:909-915. [PMID: 34973358 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajic.2021.12.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2021] [Revised: 12/21/2021] [Accepted: 12/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study aims to describe the effect of Dry Hydrogen Peroxide (DHP), as an adjunct to environmental cleaning and disinfection, on the incidence of hospital-acquired infections (HAIs) at Unidad Nacional de Oncologia Pediatrica (UNOP) in Guatemala City, Guatemala. METHODS A retrospective study of all HAI data from the hospital's surveillance system, which follows Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) protocols, was conducted from January 2019 to November 2020. DHP was installed in all Pediatric Intensive Care Unit (PICU) rooms in January 2020, but nowhere else in the hospital, including the Intermediate Care Unit (IMCU). RESULTS There were 189 HAI cases during the study period, with 173 occurring in either the PICU or IMCU. A statistically significant decrease in HAI incidence rates occurred in the PICU in 2020 compared to 2019 (P = .028), including Clostridiodes-associated gastroenteritis (P = .048). Logistic multivariate regression yielded a significant association between DHP exposure and reduced odds of developing an HAI during the study (OR = 0.3857, P = .029). CONCLUSION The use of DHP as an adjunct technology for environmental cleaning and disinfection contributed to the reduction in HAIs in the PICU. Our study highlights the value of such an approach as an addition to manual cleaning to decrease the risk of infection from environmental contamination.
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Martinez JPD, Robinson PD, Phillips B, Lehrnbecher T, Koenig C, Fisher B, Egan G, Dupuis LL, Ammann RA, Alexander S, Cabral S, Tomlinson G, Sung L. Conventional compared to network meta-analysis to evaluate antibiotic prophylaxis in patients with cancer and haematopoietic stem cell transplantation recipients. BMJ Evid Based Med 2021; 26:320-326. [PMID: 32868288 DOI: 10.1136/bmjebm-2020-111362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Our purpose was to compare conventional meta-analysis and network meta-analysis to evaluate the efficacy of different prophylactic systemic antibiotic classes in patients undergoing chemotherapy or haematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT). We included randomised trials if patients had cancer or were HSCT recipients and the intervention was systemic antibacterial prophylaxis. Three types of control groups were used: (1) placebo, no antibiotic and non-absorbable antibiotic separately; (2) placebo and no antibiotic combined; and (3) all three combined. These gave different network geometries. Strategies synthesised were fluoroquinolone, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, cephalosporin and parenteral glycopeptide versus control groups. In total 113 trials met the eligibility criteria. Where treatment effects could be estimated with both conventional and network meta-analysis, values were generally similar. However, where events were sparse, network meta-analysis could be more precise. For example, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole versus placebo for infection-related mortality showed a relative risk ratio (RR) of 0.55, 95% CI (0.21 to 1.44) with conventional, and RR 0.43, 95% credible region (0.20 to 0.82) with network meta-analysis. Cephalosporin versus fluoroquinolone was comparable only indirectly using the network approach and yielded RR 0.59, 95% credible region (0.28 to 1.20) to reduce bacteraemia. Incoherence (difference between direct and indirect estimates raising concerns about network meta-analysis validity) was observed with network geometry where control groups were separated, but not where control groups were combined. In this situation, conventional and network meta-analysis yielded similar results in general. Network meta-analysis results could be more precise when events were rare. Some analysis could only be performed with the network approach. These results identify scenarios in which network meta-analysis may be advantageous.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Pablo Diaz Martinez
- Biostatistic Research Unit, Toronto General Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Institute of Health Policy Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | | | - Bob Phillips
- Leeds General Infirmary, Leeds Teaching Hospitals, NHS Trust, Leeds, United Kingdom and Centre for Reviews and Dissemination, Leeds Children's Hospital, Leeds, UK
| | - Thomas Lehrnbecher
- Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Johann Wolfgang Goethe, Universität Frankfurt am Main, Frankfurt am Main, Hessen, Germany
| | - Christa Koenig
- Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, Inselspital University Hospital Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Brian Fisher
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Grace Egan
- Haematology/Oncology, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - L Lee Dupuis
- Department of Pharmacy and Research Institute, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Leslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Roland A Ammann
- Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, Inselspital University Hospital Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Sarah Alexander
- Haematology/Oncology, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Sandra Cabral
- Pediatric Oncology Group of Ontario, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - George Tomlinson
- Biostatistic Research Unit, Toronto General Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Institute of Health Policy Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Lillian Sung
- Institute of Health Policy Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Haematology/Oncology, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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Wei J, Wu M, Liu J, Wang X, Yang H, Xia P, Peng L, Huang Y, Liu C, Xia Z, Chen C, Zhao Y. Characteristics and outcomes of COVID-19 infection in 45 patients with breast cancer: A multi-center retrospective study in Hubei, China. Breast 2021; 59:102-109. [PMID: 34225090 PMCID: PMC8233853 DOI: 10.1016/j.breast.2021.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2020] [Revised: 06/15/2021] [Accepted: 06/21/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The COVID-19 pandemic is a significant worldwide health crisis. Breast cancer patients with COVID-19 are fragile and require particular clinical care. This study aimed to identify the clinical characteristics of breast cancer patients with COVID-19 and the risks associated with anti-cancer treatment. METHODS The medical records of breast cancer patients with laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 were collected among 9559 COVID-19 patients from seven designated hospitals from 13th January to 18th March 2020 in Hubei, China. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to assess risk factors for COVID-19 severity. RESULTS Of the 45 breast cancer patients with COVID-19, 33 (73.3%) developed non-severe COVID-19, while 12 (26.7%) developed severe COVID-19, of which 3 (6.7%) patients died. The median age was 62 years, and 3 (6.7%) patients had stage IV breast cancer. Univariate analysis showed that age over 75 and the Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) score were associated with COVID-19 disease severity (P < 0.05). Multivariate analysis showed that patients who received chemotherapy within 7 days had a significantly higher risk for severe COVID-19 (logistic regression model: RR = 13.886, 95% CI 1.014-190.243, P = 0.049; Cox proportional hazards model: HR = 13.909, 95% CI 1.086-178.150, P = 0.043), with more pronounced neutropenia and higher LDH, CRP and procalcitonin levels than other patients (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS In our breast cancer cohort, the severity of COVID-19 could be associated with baseline factors such as age over 75 and ECOG scores. Chemotherapy within 7 days before symptom onset could be a risk factor for severe COVID-19, reflected by neutropenia and elevated LDH, CRP and procalcitonin levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jielin Wei
- Cancer Center, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430022, China
| | - Mengjiao Wu
- Cancer Center, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430022, China
| | - Jing Liu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Huanggang Central Hospital, Huanggang, Hubei, 438000, China
| | - Xu Wang
- Cancer Center, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430022, China
| | - Hua Yang
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, The Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430014, China
| | - Pengfei Xia
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environment and Health and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (incubation), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, China
| | - Ling Peng
- Cancer Center, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430022, China
| | - Yu Huang
- Cancer Center, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430022, China
| | - Cuiwei Liu
- Cancer Center, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430022, China
| | - Zihan Xia
- Cancer Center, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430022, China
| | - Chuang Chen
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430060, China
| | - Yanxia Zhao
- Cancer Center, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430022, China
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25
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Liu K, Zhang F, Wei Y, Hu Q, Luo Q, Chen C, Wang J, Yang L, Luo R, Wang Y. Dressing Blood-Contacting Materials by a Stable Hydrogel Coating with Embedded Antimicrobial Peptides for Robust Antibacterial and Antithrombus Properties. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:38947-38958. [PMID: 34433245 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c05167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Although dressing blood-contacting devices with robust and synergistic antibacterial and antithrombus properties has been explored for several decades, it still remains a great challenge. In order to endow materials with remarkable antibacterial and antithrombus abilities, a stable and antifouling hydrogel coating was developed via surface-initiated polymerization of sulfobetaine methacrylate and acrylic acid on a polymeric substrate followed by embedding of antimicrobial peptides (AMPs), including WR (sequence: WRWRWR-NH2) or Bac2A (sequence: RLARIVVIRVAR-NH2) AMPs. The chemical composition of the AMP-embedded hydrogel coating was determined through XPS, zeta potential, and SEM-EDS measurements. The AMP-embedded antifouling hydrogel coating showed not only good hemocompatibility but also excellent bactericidal and antiadhesion properties against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. Moreover, the hydrogel coating could protect the AMPs with long-term bioactivity and cover the positive charge of the dotted distributed AMPs, which in turn well retained the hemocompatibility and antifouling capacity of the bulk hydrogels. Furthermore, the microbiological results of animal experiments also verified the anti-infection performance in vivo. Histological and immunological data further indicated that the hydrogel coating had an excellent anti-inflammatory function. Therefore, the present study might provide a promising approach to prevent bacterial infections and thrombosis in clinical applications of blood-contacting devices and related implants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kunpeng Liu
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China
| | - Fanjun Zhang
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China
| | - Yuan Wei
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China
| | - Qinsheng Hu
- West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China
| | - Qingfeng Luo
- Center for Medical Device Evaluation of NMPA, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Chong Chen
- Laboratory of Biomechanical Engineering, Department of Applied Mechanics, College of Architecture & Environment, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China
| | - Jingyu Wang
- First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Li Yang
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China
| | - Rifang Luo
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China
| | - Yunbing Wang
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China
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26
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Umutesi G, Velin L, Muwanguzi M, Faktor K, Mugabo C, Rukundo G, Rucogoza A, Yankurije M, Mazimpaka C, de Dieu Gatete J, Shyirambere C, Hedt-Gauthier B, Riviello R, Mpunga T, Mwikarago EI, Kateera F. Strengthening Antimicrobial Resistance Diagnostic Capacity in Rural Rwanda: A Feasibility Assessment. Ann Glob Health 2021; 87:78. [PMID: 34430228 PMCID: PMC8344959 DOI: 10.5334/aogh.3416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a global public health threat. Worse still, there is a paucity of data from low- and middle-income countries to inform rational antibiotic use. Objective Assess the feasibility of setting up microbiology capacity for AMR testing and estimate the cost of setting up microbiology testing capacity at rural district hospitals in Rwanda. Methods Laboratory needs assessments were conducted, and based on identified equipment gaps, appropriate requisitions were processed. Laboratory technicians were trained on microbiology testing processes and open wound samples were collected and cultured at the district hospital (DH) laboratories before being transported to the National Reference Laboratory (NRL) for bacterial identification and antibiotic susceptibility testing. Quality control (QC) assessments were performed at the DHs and NRL. We then estimated the cost of three scenarios for implementing a decentralized microbiology diagnostic testing system. Results There was an eight-month delay from the completion of the laboratory needs assessments to the initiation of sample collection due to the regional unavailability of appropriate supplies and equipment. When comparing study samples processed by study laboratory technicians and QC samples processed by other laboratory staff, there was 85.0% test result concordance for samples testing at the DHs and 90.0% concordance at the NRL. The cost for essential equipment and supplies for the three DHs was $245,871. The estimated costs for processing 600 samples ranged from $29,500 to $92,590. Conclusion There are major gaps in equipment and supply availability needed to conduct basic microbiology assays at rural DHs. Despite these challenges, we demonstrated that it is feasible to establish microbiological testing capacity in Rwandan DHs. Building microbiological testing capacity is essential for improving clinical care, informing rational antibiotics use, and ultimately, contributing to the establishment of robust national antimicrobial stewardship programs in rural Rwanda and comparable settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grace Umutesi
- Partners In Health/Inshuti Mu Buzima, Rwinkwavu, Rwanda
- Department of Global Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Lotta Velin
- Partners In Health/Inshuti Mu Buzima, Rwinkwavu, Rwanda
- Program in Global Surgery and Social Change, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Surgery and Public Health, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Faculty of Medicine, Lund University, Sweden
| | | | - Kara Faktor
- Partners In Health/Inshuti Mu Buzima, Rwinkwavu, Rwanda
- Program in Global Surgery and Social Change, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Carol Mugabo
- Partners In Health/Inshuti Mu Buzima, Rwinkwavu, Rwanda
| | | | - Aniceth Rucogoza
- National Reference Laboratory, Rwanda Biomedical Centre, Ministry of Health, Kigali, Rwanda
| | | | | | | | | | - Bethany Hedt-Gauthier
- Program in Global Surgery and Social Change, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Global Health and Social Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Robert Riviello
- Program in Global Surgery and Social Change, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Center for Surgery and Public Health, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Emil Ivan Mwikarago
- National Reference Laboratory, Rwanda Biomedical Centre, Ministry of Health, Kigali, Rwanda
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27
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Szymankiewicz M, Stefaniuk E, Baraniak A, Nowikiewicz T. Clinical and Molecular Findings of Infections Caused by Extended-Spectrum β-Lactamase-Producing Enterobacterales in Patients with Solid Tumors: A Single-Center Study. Microb Drug Resist 2021; 27:1470-1481. [PMID: 34264754 DOI: 10.1089/mdr.2020.0530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Infectious complications caused by multidrug-resistant bacteria are a serious clinical and therapeutic problem. Our study aimed to analyze the genetic characteristics of extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing Enterobacterales (ESBL-E) that cause multidrug-resistant infections in patients with solid tumors. Identification of ESBL-encoding genes was performed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and sequencing. The clonal relationship of the isolates was evaluated by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis. Multilocus sequence typing (MLST) was carried out for selected Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates. All E. coli strains were classified into phylogenetic groups using the PCR-based approach. There were 735 patients with clinical symptoms of infections tested, of which 44 (6.0%) were positive for ESBL-E on genotypic testing. The most frequent organism was E. coli (n = 24, 54.5%), followed by K. pneumoniae (n = 13, 29.5%), Proteus mirabilis (n = 3, 6.8%), Enterobacter cloacae cplx (n = 2, 4.5%), and Klebsiella oxytoca (n = 2, 4.5%). Overall, 31 (70.5%) of the ESBL-E isolates carried only blaCTX-M-1-like genes, and the genes were found to be blaCTX-M-15 (n = 30, 68.2%) or blaCTX-M-3 (n = 1, 2.3%). Eleven strains (25%) had blaCTX-M-9-like genes, mostly blaCTX-M-27 (n = 10, 22.7%) and unique blaCTX-M-65 (n = 1, 2.3%). One isolate possessed both blaCTX-M-15 and blaCTX-M-27 genes, and another one produced TEM-12 ESBL. MLST analysis revealed E. coli sequence type (ST) 131 and ST361, and K. pneumoniae ST16, ST307, and ST437. Among E. coli isolates, the B2 phylogenetic group was predominant. Most of the strains showed resistance to third-generation cephalosporins and fluoroquinolones, and susceptibility to aminoglycosides and carbapenems. Patients with solid cancer and ESBL-E infections require special management since they are a population with a high threat of antibiotic-resistant infections. Carbapenems and aminoglycosides remain active antibiotics against these infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Szymankiewicz
- Department of Microbiology, prof. F. Łukaszczyk Centre of Oncology in Bydgoszcz, Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Elżbieta Stefaniuk
- Department of Antibiotics and Microbiology, National Medicines Institute, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Anna Baraniak
- Department of Molecular Microbiology, and National Medicines Institute, Warsaw, Poland.,Department of Drug Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, National Medicines Institute, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Tomasz Nowikiewicz
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Nicolaus Copernicus University Ludwik Rydygier's Collegium Medicum, Bydgoszcz, Poland.,Clinical Department of Breast Cancer and Reconstructive Surgery, prof. F. Łukaszczyk Centre of Oncology in Bydgoszcz, Bydgoszcz, Poland
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28
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Ramirez M, Matheu L, Gomez M, Chang A, Ferrolino J, Mack R, Antillon-Klussmann F, Melgar M. Effectiveness of dry hydrogen peroxide on reducing environmental microbial bioburden risk in a pediatric oncology intensive care unit. Am J Infect Control 2021; 49:608-613. [PMID: 32828799 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajic.2020.08.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2020] [Revised: 08/16/2020] [Accepted: 08/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Routine manual cleaning and disinfection of the health care environment is often suboptimal. Residual contamination poses an infection risk, particularly for immunocompromised patients. This study evaluates the efficacy of dry hydrogen peroxide (DHP) on microbial surface contamination in a pediatric oncology intensive care unit. METHODS Surface samples from 5 high-touch and 2 low-touch surfaces were obtained for culture and adenosine triphosphate readings after manual cleaning on multiple days in 4 intensive care unit rooms, before and after DHP was deployed. Air samples were collected as well at the study site. Data outcomes were measured in terms of total colony-forming units for the cultures and relative light units for adenosine triphosphate. RESULTS The overall mean surface microbial burden was significantly reduced in the intervention group compared to the control group (mean 5.50 vs 11.77, P<.001). These reductions in colony-forming units were seen across all sampling sites in the intervention group. A reduction in the mean relative light units levels was also noted in the intervention group when compared to the control group (172.08 vs 225.83, P <.006). Reductions with the air samples were also noted (P = .139). CONCLUSIONS Study demonstrates that DHP was effective in reducing microbial surface contamination and improves quality of environmental cleaning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marilyn Ramirez
- Department of Infection Prevention and Control, Unidad Nacional de Oncologia Pediatrica, Guatemala
| | - Laura Matheu
- Department of Infection Prevention and Control, Unidad Nacional de Oncologia Pediatrica, Guatemala
| | - Miguel Gomez
- Department of Infection Prevention and Control, Unidad Nacional de Oncologia Pediatrica, Guatemala
| | - Alicia Chang
- Department of Infection Prevention and Control, Unidad Nacional de Oncologia Pediatrica, Guatemala; Department of Pediatrics, Infectious Disease Division, Hospital Roosevelt, Guatemala
| | | | - Ricardo Mack
- Unidad Nacional de Oncologia Pediatrica, Guatemala
| | | | - Mario Melgar
- Department of Infection Prevention and Control, Unidad Nacional de Oncologia Pediatrica, Guatemala; Department of Pediatrics, Infectious Disease Division, Hospital Roosevelt, Guatemala.
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Ngolet LO, Bolenga Liboko AF, Ossibi Ibara BR, Elira Dokekias A. Hospital acquired infection in a department of hematology-oncology care in the Congo. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF BLOOD RESEARCH 2021; 11:191-198. [PMID: 34079634 PMCID: PMC8165720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2021] [Accepted: 03/17/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Hospital Acquired Infection (HAI) is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in hemato-oncology. The study aims to report the incidence of hospital-acquired infections in patients with hematological malignancies and the risk factors associated with them. MATERIAL AND METHODS An observational study with cross-sectional data collection was carried out from January 1, 2019, to April 30, 2020, in the department of hematology of Brazzaville University Hospital. The study concerned 77 patients diagnosed with hematological malignancies admitted for a course of chemotherapy. Written consent was obtained from each participant. Participants were divided into two groups: with HAI (n=50) and without HAI (n=27). They were compared using the chi-square test and Student's T-test. Univariate and multivariate analyses of the association of HAI with all the risk factors were performed for analysis of the 2 x k contingency tables and repeated using logistic regression. RESULTS The cumulative incidence was 64.9% with a 95% confidence interval of [53.8-74.7]. The time to onset of HAIs was 10.6±6.50 days. The incidence of HAI was significantly greater in acute myelogenous leukemia (80%), grade 4 neutropenia (80%). The risk factors were hospitalization stay of over 14 days (OR: 1.09), the regimen: daunorubicin-aracytine (OR: 5.96), the hemoglobin level on admission (OR: 0.72), and the neutropenia of grade 4 (OR: 7.9). The most common clinically identified focus of infection was peripheral venous infections. The fatality rate was 10%. CONCLUSION The determination of HAI and the identification of its risk factors make it possible to establish prevention strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lydie Ocini Ngolet
- Department of Hematology, Teaching Hospital13 Auxence Ikonga Avenue, P.O Box 32, Brazzaville, Congo
| | | | | | - Alexis Elira Dokekias
- Department of Hematology, Teaching Hospital13 Auxence Ikonga Avenue, P.O Box 32, Brazzaville, Congo
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Wu N, Zhu T. Potential of Therapeutic Bacteriophages in Nosocomial Infection Management. Front Microbiol 2021; 12:638094. [PMID: 33633717 PMCID: PMC7901949 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.638094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2020] [Accepted: 01/11/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Nosocomial infections (NIs) are hospital-acquired infections which pose a high healthcare burden worldwide. The impact of NIs is further aggravated by the global spread of antimicrobial resistance (AMR). Conventional treatment and disinfection agents are often insufficient to catch up with the increasing AMR and tolerance of the pathogenic bacteria. This has resulted in a need for alternative approaches and raised new interest in therapeutic bacteriophages (phages). In contrast to the limited clinical options available against AMR bacteria, the extreme abundance and biodiversity of phages in nature provides an opportunity to establish an ever-expanding phage library that collectively provides sustained broad-spectrum and poly microbial coverage. Given the specificity of phage-host interactions, phage susceptibility testing can serve as a rapid and cost-effective method for bacterial subtyping. The library can also provide a database for routine monitoring of nosocomial infections as a prelude to preparing ready-to-use phages for patient treatment and environmental sterilization. Despite the remaining obstacles for clinical application of phages, the establishment of phage libraries, pre-stocked phage vials prepared to good manufacturing practice (GMP) standards, and pre-optimized phage screening technology will facilitate efforts to make phages available as modern medicine. This may provide the breakthrough needed to demonstrate the great potential in nosocomial infection management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nannan Wu
- Shanghai Institute of Phage, Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Tongyu Zhu
- Shanghai Institute of Phage, Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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Anforderungen an die Infektionsprävention bei der medizinischen Versorgung von immunsupprimierten Patienten. Bundesgesundheitsblatt Gesundheitsforschung Gesundheitsschutz 2021; 64:232-264. [PMID: 33394069 PMCID: PMC7780910 DOI: 10.1007/s00103-020-03265-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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Li Y, Yu S, Li Y, Liang X, Su M, Li R. Medical Significance of Uterine Corpus Endometrial Carcinoma Patients Infected With SARS-CoV-2 and Pharmacological Characteristics of Plumbagin. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2021; 12:714909. [PMID: 34712201 PMCID: PMC8547653 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2021.714909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2021] [Accepted: 09/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Clinically, evidence shows that uterine corpus endometrial carcinoma (UCEC) patients infected with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) may have a higher death-rate. However, current anti-UCEC/coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) treatment is lacking. Plumbagin (PLB), a pharmacologically active alkaloid, is an emerging anti-cancer inhibitor. Accordingly, the current report was designed to identify and characterize the anti-UCEC function and mechanism of PLB in the treatment of patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 via integrated in silico analysis. METHODS The clinical analyses of UCEC and COVID-19 in patients were conducted using online-accessible tools. Meanwhile, in silico methods including network pharmacology and biological molecular docking aimed to screen and characterize the anti-UCEC/COVID-19 functions, bio targets, and mechanisms of the action of PLB. RESULTS The bioinformatics data uncovered the clinical characteristics of UCEC patients infected with SARS-CoV-2, including specific genes, health risk, survival rate, and prognostic index. Network pharmacology findings disclosed that PLB-exerted anti-UCEC/COVID-19 effects were achieved through anti-proliferation, inducing cytotoxicity and apoptosis, anti-inflammation, immunomodulation, and modulation of some of the key molecular pathways associated with anti-inflammatory and immunomodulating actions. Following molecular docking analysis, in silico investigation helped identify the anti-UCEC/COVID-19 pharmacological bio targets of PLB, including mitogen-activated protein kinase 3 (MAPK3), tumor necrosis factor (TNF), and urokinase-type plasminogen activator (PLAU). CONCLUSIONS Based on the present bioinformatic and in silico findings, the clinical characterization of UCEC/COVID-19 patients was revealed. The candidate, core bio targets, and molecular pathways of PLB action in the potential treatment of UCEC/COVID-19 were identified accordingly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongming Li
- Department of Gynecology, Guigang Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Guigang, China
| | - Songzuo Yu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Guigang City People’s Hospital, The Eighth Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Guigang, China
| | - Yu Li
- Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Integrative Omics, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, China
| | - Xiao Liang
- Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Integrative Omics, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, China
| | - Min Su
- Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Integrative Omics, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Tumor Immunology and Microenvironmental Regulation, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, China
- *Correspondence: Min Su, ; Rong Li, ;
| | - Rong Li
- Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Integrative Omics, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Tumor Immunology and Microenvironmental Regulation, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, China
- *Correspondence: Min Su, ; Rong Li, ;
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Ren Y, Zhou H, Lu J, Huang S, Zhu H, Li L. Theoretical and Experimental Optimization of the Graft Density of Functionalized Anti-Biofouling Surfaces by Cationic Brushes. MEMBRANES 2020; 10:membranes10120431. [PMID: 33348625 PMCID: PMC7766574 DOI: 10.3390/membranes10120431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2020] [Revised: 12/14/2020] [Accepted: 12/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Diseases and complications related to catheter materials are severe problems in biomedical material applications, increasing the infection risk and medical expenses. Therefore, there is an enormous demand for catheter materials with antibacterial and antifouling properties. Considering this, in this work, we developed an approach of constructing antibacterial surfaces on polyurethane (PU) via surface-initiated atom transfer radical polymerization (SI-ATRP). A variety of cationic polymers were grafted on PU. The biocompatibility and antifouling properties of all resulting materials were evaluated and compared. We also used a theoretical algorithm to investigate the anticoagulant mechanism of our PU-based grafts. The hemocompatibility and anti-biofouling performance improved at a 86–112 μg/cm2 grafting density. The theoretical simulation demonstrated that the in vivo anti-fouling performance and optimal biocompatibility of our PU-based materials could be achieved at a 20% grafting degree. We also discuss the mechanism responsible for the hemocompatibility of the cationic brushes fabricated in this work. The results reported in this paper provide insights and novel ideas on material design for applications related to medical catheters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yijie Ren
- National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Biomedical Functional Materials, Nanjing Normal University, No. 1 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing 210023, China; (Y.R.); (H.Z.); (J.L.); (S.H.)
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Nanjing Normal University, No. 1 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing 210023, China
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Biomedical Functional Materials, No. 1 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing 210023, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Biofunctional Materials, Jiangsu Engineering Research Center for Biomedical Function Materials, No. 1 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Hongxia Zhou
- National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Biomedical Functional Materials, Nanjing Normal University, No. 1 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing 210023, China; (Y.R.); (H.Z.); (J.L.); (S.H.)
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Nanjing Normal University, No. 1 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Jin Lu
- National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Biomedical Functional Materials, Nanjing Normal University, No. 1 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing 210023, China; (Y.R.); (H.Z.); (J.L.); (S.H.)
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Nanjing Normal University, No. 1 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Sicheng Huang
- National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Biomedical Functional Materials, Nanjing Normal University, No. 1 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing 210023, China; (Y.R.); (H.Z.); (J.L.); (S.H.)
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Nanjing Normal University, No. 1 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Haomiao Zhu
- National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Biomedical Functional Materials, Nanjing Normal University, No. 1 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing 210023, China; (Y.R.); (H.Z.); (J.L.); (S.H.)
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Nanjing Normal University, No. 1 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing 210023, China
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Biomedical Functional Materials, No. 1 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing 210023, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Biofunctional Materials, Jiangsu Engineering Research Center for Biomedical Function Materials, No. 1 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing 210023, China
- Correspondence: (H.Z.); (L.L.)
| | - Li Li
- National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Biomedical Functional Materials, Nanjing Normal University, No. 1 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing 210023, China; (Y.R.); (H.Z.); (J.L.); (S.H.)
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Nanjing Normal University, No. 1 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing 210023, China
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Biomedical Functional Materials, No. 1 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing 210023, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Biofunctional Materials, Jiangsu Engineering Research Center for Biomedical Function Materials, No. 1 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing 210023, China
- Correspondence: (H.Z.); (L.L.)
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Faizan M, Caniza MA, Anwar S, Kashif RUA, Saleem R, Javed H, Zafar A, Taj MM, Hameed A, Homsi M, Rathore AW, Sadiq M, Gonzalez M, Zaidi A. Infection Prevention and Control Measures at the Children Hospital Lahore: A My Child Matters Collaborative Project. JCO Glob Oncol 2020; 6:1540-1545. [PMID: 33064627 PMCID: PMC7605375 DOI: 10.1200/go.20.00403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Infection prevention among children with cancer is a major challenge at Children Hospital Lahore (CHL), a public health care facility in Pakistan with 1,000 new pediatric cancer admissions annually. The objective has been to reduce infections through collaboration between CHL and the St Jude Children's Hospital Global Infectious Disease program via a grant by the Sanofi Espoir foundation through the My Child Matters program. The aim of the current study was to describe the effect of the collaborative improvement strategy on existing infection prevention and control (IPC) standards at CHL. MATERIALS AND METHODS Our work was a prospective before-and-after study to improve IPC standards. We compared the WHO Hand Hygiene Self-Assessment Framework and four modules of the St Jude modified Infection Control Assessment Tool (ICAT) scores over a 3-year period. Our strategy included creating a multidisciplinary team of pediatric oncologists, infectious disease physicians, nurses, a microbiologist, and a data manager; engaging in monthly online IPC mentoring sessions with St Jude Children's Hospital Global Infectious Disease program and My Child Matters mentors; performing daily inpatient health care-associated infection surveillance rounds; and performing regular hand hygiene training and compliance audits. RESULTS Baseline needs assessment showed health care-associated infections identified by positive blood cultures as 8.7 infections per 1,000 patient-days. Deficient hand hygiene supplies, health education measures, and bed sharing of neutropenic patients were identified as major challenges. Our hand hygiene facility level, per WHO scores, increased from Inadequate to Intermediate/Consolidation by the end of the 3-year implementation (122 v 352 WHO Hand Hygiene Self-Assessment Framework scores). The sink:bed and hand sanitizer:bed ratios improved to 1:6 and 1:1, respectively. The ICAT general infection control module increased by 40% (45 v 78 ICAT scores) and hygiene compliance improved by 20%. CONCLUSION Implementing a collaborative improvement strategy improved IPC standards in our center, which can be easily replicated in other pediatric oncology centers in lower- and middle-income countries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahwish Faizan
- Department of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and BMT, The Children's Hospital and Institute of Child Health, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Miguela A Caniza
- Department of Microbiology, The Children's Hospital and Institute of Child Health, Lahore, Pakistan.,Department of Pediatric Cardiology, The Children's Hospital and Institute of Child Health, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Saadia Anwar
- Department of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and BMT, The Children's Hospital and Institute of Child Health, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Rahat-Ul-Ain Kashif
- Department of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and BMT, The Children's Hospital and Institute of Child Health, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Rabia Saleem
- Department of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and BMT, The Children's Hospital and Institute of Child Health, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Humera Javed
- Department of Infectious Disease, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN
| | - Aizza Zafar
- Department of Infectious Disease, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN
| | - Mary Munaza Taj
- Departemnt of Global Pediatric Medicine, St Jude Children's Hospital, Memphis, TN
| | - Ambreen Hameed
- Department of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and BMT, The Children's Hospital and Institute of Child Health, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Maysam Homsi
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology, The Children's Hospital and Institute of Child Health, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Ahsan Waheed Rathore
- Department of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and BMT, The Children's Hospital and Institute of Child Health, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Masood Sadiq
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Royal Marsden Hospital, United Kingdom
| | - Miriam Gonzalez
- Department of Microbiology, The Children's Hospital and Institute of Child Health, Lahore, Pakistan.,Department of Pediatric Cardiology, The Children's Hospital and Institute of Child Health, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Alia Zaidi
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology, The Children's Hospital and Institute of Child Health, Lahore, Pakistan
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[Serious adverse events associated with chemotherapy in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia]. ZHONGGUO DANG DAI ER KE ZA ZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF CONTEMPORARY PEDIATRICS 2020; 22. [PMID: 32800028 PMCID: PMC7441514 DOI: 10.7499/j.issn.1008-8830.2003253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To study the occurrence of serious adverse events (SAEs) related to chemotherapy with CCCG-ALL-2015 regimen in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) and the risk factors for death after the SAEs. METHODS A retrospective analysis was performed on the medical data of 734 children with ALL. They were treated with CCCG-ALL-2015 regimen from January 2015 to June 2019. The occurrence of SAEs during the treatment was investigated. The children with SAEs were divided into a death group with 25 children and a survival group with 31 children. A multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the risk factors for death after the SAEs. RESULTS Among the 734 children with ALL, 56 (7.6%) experienced SAEs (66 cases) after chemotherapy, among which 41 cases occurred in the stage of remission induction therapy. Of all 66 cases of SAEs, 46 (70%) were infection-related SAEs, including 25 cases of septic shock (38%), 20 cases of severe pneumonia (30%), and 1 case of severe chickenpox (2%), and 87% of the children with infection-related SAEs had neutrophil deficiency. The most common infection sites were blood and the lungs. The most common pathogens were Gram-negative bacteria, viruses, fungi, and Gram-positive bacteria. There were 16 cases (24%) of hemorrhage-related SAEs, with 11 cases of gastrointestinal bleeding (17%), 4 cases of pulmonary bleeding (6%), and 1 case of intracranial bleeding (2%). Of all 734 children with ALL, 66 (9.0%) died, among whom 25 died due to SAEs. The treatment-related mortality rate was 3.4%, and infection (72%) and bleeding (24%) were the main causes of death. Severe pneumonia was an independent risk factor for treatment-related death in ALL children (OR=4.087, 95%CI: 1.161-14.384, P=0.028). CONCLUSIONS SAEs often occur in the stage of remission induction therapy, and infection-related SAEs are more common in ALL children accepting chemotherapy with CCCG-ALL-2015 regimen. The development of severe pneumonia suggests an increased risk for death in these children.
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Handwashing in averting infectious diseases: Relevance to COVID-19. JOURNAL OF POPULATION THERAPEUTICS AND CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY 2020; 27:e37-e52. [PMID: 32757544 DOI: 10.15586/jptcp.v27sp1.711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2020] [Accepted: 06/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
After officially declared as a pandemic by the World Health Organization (WHO), drastic measures to restrict human movements to contain the COVID-19 infection are employed by most of the countries. Maintaining high personal hygiene by frequent handwashing and be vigilant of clinical signs are widely recommended to reduce the disease burden. The national and international health agencies, including the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and the WHO, have provided guidelines for prevention and treatment suggestions. Here, in this brief article, based on available clinical information, the author discusses why handwashing could be protective of COVID-19 infections. Although a detailed and in-depth discussion of various preventive and protective measures is beyond the scope of this article, this review will focus on the utility of frequent handwashing in minimizing the risk of spreading COVID-19 infection.
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Rivera A, Ohri N, Thomas E, Miller R, Knoll MA. The Impact of COVID-19 on Radiation Oncology Clinics and Patients With Cancer in the United States. Adv Radiat Oncol 2020; 5:538-543. [PMID: 32292841 PMCID: PMC7118653 DOI: 10.1016/j.adro.2020.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2020] [Revised: 03/18/2020] [Accepted: 03/19/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Amanda Rivera
- Montefiore Medical Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York
| | - Nitin Ohri
- Montefiore Medical Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York
| | | | | | - Miriam A. Knoll
- John Theurer Cancer Center, Hackensack University Medical Center, Hackensack, New Jersey
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Jiang AM, Liu N, Ali Said R, Ren MD, Gao H, Zheng XQ, Fu X, Liang X, Ruan ZP, Yao Y, Tian T. Nosocomial Infections in Gastrointestinal Cancer Patients: Bacterial Profile, Antibiotic Resistance Pattern, and Prognostic Factors. Cancer Manag Res 2020; 12:4969-4979. [PMID: 32612384 PMCID: PMC7323960 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s258774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2020] [Accepted: 05/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Cancers of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract and its associated excretory glands are one of the most common causes of cancer-related death worldwide, and these patients are more likely to developing nosocomial infections due to immunodeficiency. Objective To explore the bacterial profile, antibiotic resistance pattern, and prognostic factors of nosocomial infections in hospitalized GI cancer patients. Methods All electronic medical records of nosocomial infection episodes in hospitalized GI cancer patients were retrospectively reviewed. In-hospital mortality was used to evaluate the prognosis of patients. Mann–Whitney test, Chi-square test, and binary logistic regression analysis were used to identify potential risk factors for in-hospital mortality. P-values <0.05 were considered statistically significant. Results A total of 428 GI cancer patients developed nosocomial infections during hospitalization. Respiratory tract infections (44.2%), bloodstream infections (BSIs) (11.7%), and abdominal cavity infections (11.4%) were the most common infection sites. The predominant causative pathogens were extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Escherichia coli (13.6%), ESBL-negative E. coli (11.9%), and Klebsiella pneumoniae (10.0%). Multidrug-resistant (MDR) strains were detected in 27.6% of isolates. Antimicrobial susceptibility analysis showed that the isolated Gram-negative bacteria (GNB) exhibited high sensitivity to amikacin, meropenem, imipenem, and piperacillin/tazobactam, while the isolated Gram-positive bacteria exhibited high sensitivity to tigecycline, linezolid, and vancomycin. The overall in-hospital mortality of all patients was 11.2% in the study. Multivariate analysis showed that ECOG performance status ≥two scores, length of antibiotic treatment <9.0 days, existence of septic shock, and hypoproteinemia were independent risk factors for in-hospital mortality. Conclusion The burden of nosocomial infections in GI cancer patients is considerably high, with GNB being predominantly isolated causative pathogens. Surveillance on serum albumin level, adequate antibiotic treatment, early identification, and prompt treatment of septic shock could benefit the prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ai-Min Jiang
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, People's Republic of China
| | - Na Liu
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, People's Republic of China
| | - Rim Ali Said
- Department of Imaging and Nuclear Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, People's Republic of China
| | - Meng-Di Ren
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, People's Republic of China
| | - Huan Gao
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Qiang Zheng
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao Fu
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuan Liang
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhi-Ping Ruan
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu Yao
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, People's Republic of China
| | - Tao Tian
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, People's Republic of China
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Khoirunnisa K, Allenidekania A, Hayati H. Effectiveness of a conservation energy model for febrile neutropenia in children with cancer. Pediatr Rep 2020; 12:8697. [PMID: 32904965 PMCID: PMC7463145 DOI: 10.4081/pr.2020.8697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Febrile neutropenia is a complication of chemotherapy that occurs in children with cancer. This paper aimed to provide an overview of the application of the Levine Energy Conservation Model for treating fever neutropenia in children with cancer. The method involved a case study of five children with cancer treated for febrile neutropenia using the nursing process approach. The nursing process, according to the Levine Energy Conservation Model, focuses on increasing the body's adaptability through four forms of conservation, namely, the conservation of energy, personal integrity, structural integrity, and social integrity. Trophicognosis in the five cases under management identified hyperthermia and the risk of infection transmission. Other nursing problems were nutritional imbalances that were less than the body's needs and the risk of bleeding. These problems can hinder the process of adapting children with cancer to the challenges of disease and the treatment of side effects in achieving self-integrity.
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A Preliminary Study of the Comfort in Patients with Leukemia Staying in a Positive Pressure Isolation Room. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17103655. [PMID: 32456113 PMCID: PMC7277353 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17103655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2020] [Revised: 05/18/2020] [Accepted: 05/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Background and Aim: Patients with leukemia who are isolated in positive pressure rooms for infection prevention usually experience significant physical and psychological distress. This study aimed to examine changes in leukemia patients' comfort level during chemotherapy in isolation wards. Methods: A longitudinal survey was conducted with measures which were repeated four times. Data were collected before chemotherapy, on the first and second week after receiving chemotherapy in positive pressure isolation rooms, and on the third week in the non-isolated hematology ward. Each patient received six questionnaires measuring demographic data, comfort status, functional status, fatigue related to cancer therapy, anxiety level, and distress symptoms. A mixed model with repeated measure analysis was used to examine the changing trajectories in physical and psychological health. Results: Twenty-one patients completed the study. During the process, the highest score for comfort level was shown before chemotherapy, and this decreased from the second week under isolation. Anxiety and uncertainty (p < 0.05) declined over time, and emotional states improved during the recovery period in the third and fourth weeks outside isolation. Physical well-being (p < 0.01), cancer-related fatigue (p < 0.05), hemoglobin (p < 0.01) and white blood cell count (p < 0.05) began to rise two weeks after chemotherapy. Conclusion: Comfort levels declined after chemotherapy until the third week of treatment. Anxiety, fatigue and distress symptoms varied across the four time points of chemotherapy from isolation to return to the non-isolated ward. Health care professionals should be aware of psychological symptoms when patients are in isolation rooms, and interventions for promoting a humanized environment, quality of life, and comfort should be considered and provided along with the treatment stages of chemotherapy.
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Huang G, Huang Q, Zhang G, Jiang H, Lin Z. Point-prevalence surveys of hospital-acquired infections in a Chinese cancer hospital: From 2014 to 2018. J Infect Public Health 2020; 13:1981-1987. [PMID: 32280033 DOI: 10.1016/j.jiph.2020.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2019] [Revised: 02/27/2020] [Accepted: 03/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Both hospital-acquired infection (HAI) and cancer represents major health concerns worldwide, but there is a paucity of data describing HAI in Chinese cancer patients. The objective of this study is to demonstrate the prevalence, causative agents, antimicrobial use and risk factors for HAI in a cancer hospital in Southwestern China. METHODS We use the criteria of the Ministry of Health of the People's Republic of China to define hospital-acquired infections. One-day cross-sectional surveys were annually conducted from 2014 to 2018. Trained staff collected hospital-acquired infections, antimicrobial use and clinical characteristics data of inpatients. Multivariate logistic regression was used to determine the potential risk factors associated with HAIs. RESULTS Of the 6717 patients surveyed, there were 140 patients (2.1%, 95% confidence interval, 1.7-2.4%) with 144 distinct HAIs. Lower respiratory tract infections (47, 32.6%) and surgical-site infections (29, 20.1%) were the most common HAIs. Escherichia coli was the most common pathogen (29.6%). Risk factors for HAI included younger age (<18 years) or older age (>65 years), hospitalization in the intensive care unit, presence of central catheter and undergoing surgery in the previous 30 days. The overall prevalence of patients receiving antimicrobial agents was 15.2%. CONCLUSION To control hospital-acquired infections in cancer patients, surveillance and prevention strategies to infections associated with central catheters or related to surgery should be augmented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guyu Huang
- Department of Hospital Infection Prevention and Control, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Qianqian Huang
- Department of Hospital Infection Prevention and Control, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Guoqiang Zhang
- Department of Hospital Infection Prevention and Control, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Hu Jiang
- Department of Hospital Infection Prevention and Control, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Zhen Lin
- Department of Hospital Infection Prevention and Control, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China.
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Zhang XY, Zhao YQ, Zhang Y, Wang A, Ding X, Li Y, Duan S, Ding X, Xu FJ. Antimicrobial Peptide-Conjugated Hierarchical Antifouling Polymer Brushes for Functionalized Catheter Surfaces. Biomacromolecules 2019; 20:4171-4179. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.9b01060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xin-Yang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Key Lab of Biomedical Materials of Natural Macromolecules (Beijing University of Chemical Technology), Ministry of Education, Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Yu-Qing Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Key Lab of Biomedical Materials of Natural Macromolecules (Beijing University of Chemical Technology), Ministry of Education, Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Yidan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Key Lab of Biomedical Materials of Natural Macromolecules (Beijing University of Chemical Technology), Ministry of Education, Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Anzhi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Key Lab of Biomedical Materials of Natural Macromolecules (Beijing University of Chemical Technology), Ministry of Education, Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Xiaokang Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Key Lab of Biomedical Materials of Natural Macromolecules (Beijing University of Chemical Technology), Ministry of Education, Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Yang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Key Lab of Biomedical Materials of Natural Macromolecules (Beijing University of Chemical Technology), Ministry of Education, Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Shun Duan
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Key Lab of Biomedical Materials of Natural Macromolecules (Beijing University of Chemical Technology), Ministry of Education, Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Xuejia Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Key Lab of Biomedical Materials of Natural Macromolecules (Beijing University of Chemical Technology), Ministry of Education, Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Fu-Jian Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Key Lab of Biomedical Materials of Natural Macromolecules (Beijing University of Chemical Technology), Ministry of Education, Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
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Khawaja F, Chemaly RF. Respiratory syncytial virus in hematopoietic cell transplant recipients and patients with hematologic malignancies. Haematologica 2019; 104:1322-1331. [PMID: 31221784 PMCID: PMC6601091 DOI: 10.3324/haematol.2018.215152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2019] [Accepted: 06/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
In the USA and other western nations, respiratory syncytial virus is one of the most commonly encountered respiratory viruses among patients who have been diagnosed with a hematologic malignancy or who have undergone a stem cell transplant. Multiple studies have been performed to evaluate the complications associated with respiratory syncytial virus infections. Other studies have evaluated therapeutic agents and strategies in which these agents can be used. There have also been numerous reports of outbreaks in bone marrow transplant units and oncology wards, where infection control measures have been invaluable in controlling the spread of disease. However, despite these novel approaches, respiratory syncytial virus continues to be potentially fatal in immunocompromised populations. In this review, we discuss the incidence of respiratory syncytial viral infections, risk factors associated with progression from upper respiratory tract infection to lower respiratory tract infection, other complications and outcomes (including mortality), management strategies, and prevention strategies in patients with a hematologic malignancy and in hematopoietic cell transplant recipients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fareed Khawaja
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Infection Control and Employee Health, Division of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Roy F Chemaly
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Infection Control and Employee Health, Division of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
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