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Kale A, Rogers NM. No Time to Die-How Islets Meet Their Demise in Transplantation. Cells 2023; 12:cells12050796. [PMID: 36899932 PMCID: PMC10000424 DOI: 10.3390/cells12050796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2023] [Revised: 02/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Islet transplantation represents an effective treatment for patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) and severe hypoglycaemia unawareness, capable of circumventing impaired counterregulatory pathways that no longer provide protection against low blood glucose levels. The additional beneficial effect of normalizing metabolic glycaemic control is the minimisation of further complications related to T1DM and insulin administration. However, patients require allogeneic islets from up to three donors, and the long-term insulin independence is inferior to that achieved with solid organ (whole pancreas) transplantation. This is likely due to the fragility of islets caused by the isolation process, innate immune responses following portal infusion, auto- and allo-immune-mediated destruction and β-cell exhaustion following transplantation. This review covers the specific challenges related to islet vulnerability and dysfunction that affect long-term cell survival following transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atharva Kale
- Centre for Transplant and Renal Research, Westmead Institute for Medical Research, Westmead, NSW 2145, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Natasha M. Rogers
- Centre for Transplant and Renal Research, Westmead Institute for Medical Research, Westmead, NSW 2145, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
- Renal and Transplant Unit, Westmead Hospital, Westmead, NSW 2145, Australia
- Correspondence:
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2
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Prasad M K, Mohandas S, Kunka Mohanram R. Role of ferroptosis inhibitors in the management of diabetes. Biofactors 2022; 49:270-296. [PMID: 36468443 DOI: 10.1002/biof.1920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2022] [Accepted: 11/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Ferroptosis, the iron-dependent, lipid peroxide-mediated cell death, has garnered attention due to its critical involvement in crucial physiological and pathological cellular processes. Indeed, several studies have attributed its role in developing a range of disorders, including diabetes. As accumulating evidence further the understanding of ferroptotic mechanisms, the impact this specialized mode of cell death has on diabetic pathogenesis is still unclear. Several in vivo and in vitro studies have highlighted the association of ferroptosis with beta-cell death and insulin resistance, supported by observations of marked alterations in ferroptotic markers in experimental diabetes models. The constant improvement in understanding ferroptosis in diabetes has demonstrated it as a potential therapeutic target in diabetic management. In this regard, ferroptosis inhibitors promise to rescue pancreatic beta-cell function and alleviate diabetes and its complications. This review article elucidates the key ferroptotic pathways that mediate beta-cell death in diabetes, and its complications. In particular, we share our insight into the cross talk between ferroptosis and other hallmark pathogenic mediators such as oxidative and endoplasmic reticulum stress regulators relevant to diabetes progression. Further, we extensively summarize the recent developments on the role of ferroptosis inhibitors and their therapeutic action in alleviating diabetes and its complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krishna Prasad M
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Sundhar Mohandas
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Ramkumar Kunka Mohanram
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Tamil Nadu, India
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Moens C, Muller CJF, Bouwens L. In vitro comparison of various antioxidants and flavonoids from Rooibos as beta cell protectants against lipotoxicity and oxidative stress-induced cell death. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0268551. [PMID: 35580081 PMCID: PMC9113568 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0268551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2022] [Accepted: 05/02/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress and lipotoxicity effects on pancreatic β cells play a major role in the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes (T2D). Flavonoids and antioxidants are under study for their cytoprotective effects and antidiabetic potential. In this study, we aimed to compare the protective effect of the Rooibos components aspalathin, isoorientin, 3-hydroxyphloretin (3-OH) and green Rooibos extract (GRT) itself, and exendin-4 and N-acetylcysteine (NAC) as reference molecules, against lipotoxicity and oxidative stress. The insulin-producing β cell line INS1E was exposed to hydrogen peroxide or streptozotocin (STZ) to induce oxidative stress, and palmitate to induce lipotoxicity. Cell viability was assessed by a MTS cell viability assay. Antioxidant response and antiapoptotic gene expression was performed by qRT-PCR. Glucose transporter 2 (GLUT 2) transporter inhibition was assessed through 2-NBDG uptake. GRT and the flavonoids aspalathin and 3-hydroxyphloretin offered significant protection against oxidative stress and lipotoxicity. GRT downregulated expression of pro-apoptotic genes Txnip and Ddit3. The flavonoids aspalathin and 3-hydroxyphloretin also downregulated these genes and in addition upregulated expression of antioxidant response genes Hmox1, Nqo1 and Sod1. Isoorientin gave no cytoprotection. Cytoprotection by Rooibos components was significantly higher than by NAC or exendin-4. Rooibos components strongly protect INS1E β cells against diabetogenic stress. Cytoprotection was associated with the upregulation of antioxidant response genes of the NRF2/KEAP1 pathway or suppression of the TXN system. The Rooibos molecules offered better protection against these insults than exendin-4 and NAC, making them interesting candidates as β cell cytoprotectants for therapeutic or nutraceutical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Céline Moens
- Cell Differentiation Lab, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Jette, Brussels, Belgium
- * E-mail:
| | - Christo J. F. Muller
- Biomedical Research and Innovation Platform (BRIP), South African Medical Research Council (MRC), Western Cape, Tygerberg, South Africa
- Centre for Cardiometabolic Research in Africa, Division of Medical Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, South Africa
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Zululand, KwaDlangezwa, Empangeni, South Africa
| | - Luc Bouwens
- Cell Differentiation Lab, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Jette, Brussels, Belgium
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4
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Bahadoran Z, Mirmiran P, Kashfi K, Ghasemi A. Carbon monoxide and β-cell function: Implications for type 2 diabetes mellitus. Biochem Pharmacol 2022; 201:115048. [PMID: 35460631 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2022.115048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2022] [Revised: 04/11/2022] [Accepted: 04/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Carbon monoxide (CO), a member of the multifunctional gasotransmitters family produced by heme oxygenases (i.e., HO-1 and HO-2), has received significant attention because of its involvement in carbohydrate metabolism. Experimental evidence indicates that both HO-2- and HO-1-derived CO stimulate insulin secretion, but the latter mainly acts as a compensatory response in pre-diabetes conditions. CO protects pancreatic β-cell against cytokine- and hypoxia-induced apoptosis and promotes β-cell regeneration. CO cross-talks with nitric oxide (NO) and hydrogen sulfide (H2S), other important gasotransmitters in carbohydrate metabolism, in regulating β-cell function and insulin secretion. These data speak in favor of the potential therapeutic application of CO in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and preventing the progression of pre-diabetes to diabetes. Either CO (as both gaseous form and CO-releasing molecule) or pharmacological formulations made of natural HO inducers (i.e., bioactive components originating from plant-based foods) are potential candidates for developing CO-based therapeutics in T2DM. Future studies are needed to assess the safety/efficacy and potential therapeutic applications of CO in T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Bahadoran
- Nutrition and Endocrine Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Parvin Mirmiran
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Human Dietetics, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Khosrow Kashfi
- Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Biomedical Sciences, Sophie Davis School of Biomedical Education, City University of New York School of Medicine, New York, NY 10031, USA; Graduate Program in Biology, City University of New York Graduate Center, New York, NY 10091, USA
| | - Asghar Ghasemi
- Endocrine Physiology Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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5
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Moens C, Bensellam M, Himpe E, Muller CJF, Jonas JC, Bouwens L. Aspalathin Protects Insulin-Producing β Cells against Glucotoxicity and Oxidative Stress-Induced Cell Death. Mol Nutr Food Res 2020; 64:e1901009. [PMID: 32012427 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.201901009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2019] [Revised: 12/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
SCOPE Aspalathin, the main polyphenolic phytochemical of rooibos (Aspalathus linearis), has been attributed with health promoting properties, including a glucose lowering effect that can prove interesting for application as nutraceutical or therapeutic in (pre-)diabetics. Preservation of β cell mass in the pancreas is considered a key issue for diabetes prevention or treatment, therefore the aim is to investigate whether aspalathin also has β cell cytoprotective potential. METHODS AND RESULTS Rat pancreatic islets and the β cell line Insulinoma 1E (INS1E) are studied in vitro after exposure to various cytotoxic agents, namely streptozotocin (STZ), hydrogen peroxide, or chronic high glucose. The effect of aspalathin on cell survival and apoptosis is studied. Expression of relevant cytoprotective genes is analyzed by qRT-PCR and proteins by Western blot. Aspalathin is found to protect β cells against cytotoxicity and apoptosis. This is associated with increased translocation of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NRF2) and expression of its antioxidant target genes heme oxygenase 1 (Hmox1), NAD(P)H quinone dehydrogenase 1 (Nqo-1), and superoxide dismutase 1 (Sod1). CONCLUSION It is proposed that aspalathin protects β cells against glucotoxicity and oxidative stress by increasing the expression of NRF2-regulated antioxidant enzymes. This indicates that aspalathin is an interesting β cell cytoprotectant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Céline Moens
- Cell Differentiation Lab, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Laarbeeklaan 103, 1090 Jette, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Mohammed Bensellam
- Université Catholique de Louvain, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique, Pôle d'Endocrinologie, Diabète et Nutrition, Avenue Hippocrate 55, 1200 Brussels, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Eddy Himpe
- Cell Differentiation Lab, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Laarbeeklaan 103, 1090 Jette, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Christo J F Muller
- Biomedical Research and Innovation Platform, South African Medical Research Council, Francie van Zijl Drive, 7505, Western Cape, Tygerberg, South Africa
| | - Jean-Christophe Jonas
- Université Catholique de Louvain, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique, Pôle d'Endocrinologie, Diabète et Nutrition, Avenue Hippocrate 55, 1200 Brussels, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Luc Bouwens
- Cell Differentiation Lab, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Laarbeeklaan 103, 1090 Jette, Brussels, Belgium
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6
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Vallabhajosyula P, Hirakata A, Weiss M, Griesemer A, Shimizu A, Hong H, Habertheuer A, Tchipashvili V, Yamada K, Sachs DH. Effect of the Diabetic State on Islet Engraftment and Function in a Large Animal Model of Islet-Kidney Transplantation. Cell Transplant 2018; 26:1755-1762. [PMID: 29338381 PMCID: PMC5784526 DOI: 10.1177/0963689717732993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
In islet transplantation, in addition to immunologic and ischemic factors, the diabetic/hyperglycemic state of the recipient has been proposed, although not yet validated, as a possible cause of islet toxicity, contributing to islet loss during the engraftment period. Using a miniature swine model of islet transplantation, we have now assessed the effect of a persistent state of hyperglycemia on islet engraftment and subsequent function. An islet–kidney (IK) model previously described by our laboratory was utilized. Three experimental donor animals underwent total pancreatectomy and autologous islet transplantation underneath the renal capsule to prepare an IK at a load of ≤1,000 islet equivalents (IE)/kg donor weight, leading to a chronic diabetic state during the engraftment period (fasting blood glucose >250 mg/dL). Three control donor animals underwent partial pancreatectomy (sufficient to maintain normoglycemia during islet engraftment period) and IK preparation. As in vivo functional readout for islet engraftment, the IKs were transplanted across an immunologic minor or class I mismatch barrier into diabetic, nephrectomized recipients at an islet load of ∼4,500 IE/kg recipient weight. A 12-d course of cyclosporine was administered for tolerance induction. All experimental donors became diabetic and showed signs of end organ injury, while control donors maintained normoglycemia. All recipients of IK from both experimental and control donors achieved glycemic control over long-term follow-up, with reversal of diabetic nephropathy and with similar glucose tolerance tests. In this preclinical, large animal model, neither islet engraftment nor subsequent long-term islet function after transplantation appear to be affected by the diabetic state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prashanth Vallabhajosyula
- 1 Transplantation Biology Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.,2 Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Atsushi Hirakata
- 1 Transplantation Biology Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Matthew Weiss
- 1 Transplantation Biology Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Adam Griesemer
- 1 Transplantation Biology Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Akira Shimizu
- 1 Transplantation Biology Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Hanzhou Hong
- 1 Transplantation Biology Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Andreas Habertheuer
- 2 Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Vaja Tchipashvili
- 3 Department of Islet Transplantation and Cell Biology, Joslin Diabetes Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Kazuhiko Yamada
- 1 Transplantation Biology Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - David H Sachs
- 1 Transplantation Biology Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
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7
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Luan Y, Zhang F, Cheng Y, Liu J, Huang R, Yan M, Wang Y, He Z, Lai H, Wang H, Ying H, Guo F, Zhai Q. Hemin Improves Insulin Sensitivity and Lipid Metabolism in Cultured Hepatocytes and Mice Fed a High-Fat Diet. Nutrients 2017; 9:nu9080805. [PMID: 28933767 PMCID: PMC5579599 DOI: 10.3390/nu9080805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2017] [Revised: 07/05/2017] [Accepted: 07/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Hemin is a breakdown product of hemoglobin. It has been reported that the injection of hemin improves lipid metabolism and insulin sensitivity in various genetic models. However, the effect of hemin supplementation in food on lipid metabolism and insulin sensitivity is still unclear, and whether hemin directly affects cellular insulin sensitivity is yet to be elucidated. Here we show that hemin enhances insulin-induced phosphorylation of insulin receptors, Akt, Gsk3β, FoxO1 and cytoplasmic translocation of FoxO1 in cultured primary hepatocytes under insulin-resistant conditions. Furthermore, hemin diminishes the accumulation of triglyceride and increases in free fatty acid content in primary hepatocytes induced by palmitate. Oral administration of hemin decreases body weight, energy intake, blood glucose and triglyceride levels, and improves insulin and glucose tolerance as well as hepatic insulin signaling and hepatic steatosis in male mice fed a high-fat diet. In addition, hemin treatment decreases the mRNA and protein levels of some hepatic genes involved in lipogenic regulation, fatty acid synthesis and storage, and increases the mRNA level and enzyme activity of CPT1 involved in fatty acid oxidation. These data demonstrate that hemin can improve lipid metabolism and insulin sensitivity in both cultured hepatocytes and mice fed a high-fat diet, and show the potential beneficial effects of hemin from food on lipid and glucose metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Luan
- Key Laboratory of Nutrition and Metabolism, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Sciences, Institute for Nutritional Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 320 Yueyang Road, Shanghai 200031, China.
| | - Fang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Nutrition and Metabolism, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Sciences, Institute for Nutritional Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 320 Yueyang Road, Shanghai 200031, China.
| | - Yalan Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Nutrition and Metabolism, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Sciences, Institute for Nutritional Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 320 Yueyang Road, Shanghai 200031, China.
| | - Jun Liu
- Key Laboratory of Nutrition and Metabolism, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Sciences, Institute for Nutritional Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 320 Yueyang Road, Shanghai 200031, China.
| | - Rui Huang
- Key Laboratory of Nutrition and Metabolism, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Sciences, Institute for Nutritional Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 320 Yueyang Road, Shanghai 200031, China.
| | - Menghong Yan
- Key Laboratory of Nutrition and Metabolism, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Sciences, Institute for Nutritional Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 320 Yueyang Road, Shanghai 200031, China.
| | - Yuangao Wang
- Key Laboratory of Nutrition and Metabolism, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Sciences, Institute for Nutritional Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 320 Yueyang Road, Shanghai 200031, China.
| | - Zhishui He
- Key Laboratory of Nutrition and Metabolism, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Sciences, Institute for Nutritional Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 320 Yueyang Road, Shanghai 200031, China.
| | - Hejin Lai
- Key Laboratory of Nutrition and Metabolism, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Sciences, Institute for Nutritional Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 320 Yueyang Road, Shanghai 200031, China.
| | - Hui Wang
- Key Laboratory of Nutrition and Metabolism, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Sciences, Institute for Nutritional Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 320 Yueyang Road, Shanghai 200031, China.
| | - Hao Ying
- Key Laboratory of Nutrition and Metabolism, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Sciences, Institute for Nutritional Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 320 Yueyang Road, Shanghai 200031, China.
| | - Feifan Guo
- Key Laboratory of Nutrition and Metabolism, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Sciences, Institute for Nutritional Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 320 Yueyang Road, Shanghai 200031, China.
| | - Qiwei Zhai
- Key Laboratory of Nutrition and Metabolism, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Sciences, Institute for Nutritional Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 320 Yueyang Road, Shanghai 200031, China.
- School of Life Science and Technology, Shanghai Tech University, Shanghai 200093, China.
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8
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Lee SE, Lee YB, Jun JE, Jin SM, Jee JH, Bae JC, Kim JH. Increment of serum bilirubin as an independent marker predicting new-onset type 2 diabetes mellitus in a Korean population. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2017; 27:234-240. [PMID: 27989511 DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2016.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2015] [Revised: 07/31/2016] [Accepted: 10/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Several cross-sectional studies reported that serum bilirubin concentrations had an inverse association with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) prevalence. The aim of the current study was to investigate the relationship between percentage change in bilirubin levels (PCB) and incident risk of T2DM using a longitudinal model. METHODS AND RESULTS 22,084 participants who received regular health check-ups between 2006 and 2012 were enrolled. Multivariable-adjusted Cox regression models were used to determine the hazard ratio (HR) of incident T2DM based on PCB. PCB was determined by subtracting baseline serum bilirubin level (BB) from the bilirubin level at the end of follow-up or a year before the last date of diagnosis, dividing by BB and multiplying by 100. Compared to non-diabetics, BB was lower in the diabetic group at the initial visit. There were 20,098 participants without T2DM at the initial visit; 1253 new cases occurred during follow-up. As PCB increased, T2DM incidence also increased (P < 0.001). After adjusting for confounders, the HR of incident T2DM in the highest PCB quartile was 2.08 (95% confidence interval [CI] 1.76-2.46). This trend remained significant when PCB was analyzed as a continuous variable (HR for 1-SD increment, 1.25; 95% CI 1.19-1.31). Additional analysis comparing the rate of PCB during the follow-up period revealed that the serum bilirubin level of the Incident T2DM group increased before T2DM development and decreased rapidly thereafter compared to others (P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS Bilirubin level increment over time is associated with T2DM development.
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Affiliation(s)
- S-E Lee
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Y-B Lee
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - J E Jun
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - S-M Jin
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - J H Jee
- Center for Health Promotion, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - J C Bae
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Samsung Changwon Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Changwon, Republic of Korea
| | - J H Kim
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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9
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Lee YB, Lee SE, Jun JE, Jee JH, Bae JC, Jin SM, Kim JH. Change in Serum Bilirubin Level as a Predictor of Incident Metabolic Syndrome. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0168253. [PMID: 27936224 PMCID: PMC5148095 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0168253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2016] [Accepted: 11/28/2016] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Aim Serum bilirubin level was negatively associated with the prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MetS) in previous cross-sectional studies. However, bilirubin variance preceding the development of MetS has yet to be investigated. We aimed to determine the effect of change in bilirubin concentration on the risk of incident MetS in healthy Korean adults. Methods We conducted a retrospective longitudinal study of subjects who had undergone at least four yearly health check-ups between 2006 and 2012. Of 24,185 total individuals who received annual check-ups, 11,613 non-MetS participants with a baseline bilirubin level not exceeding 34.2 μmol/l were enrolled. We evaluated the association between percent change in bilirubin and risk of incident MetS. Results During 55,407 person-years of follow-up, 2,439 cases of incident MetS developed (21.0%). Baseline serum bilirubin level clearly showed no association with the development of MetS in men but an independent significant inverse association in women which attenuated (hence may be mediated) by elevated homeostatic model assessment index 2 for insulin resistance (HOMA2-IR). However, increased risk for incident MetS was observed in higher percent change in bilirubin quartiles, with hazard ratios of 2.415 (95% CI 2.094–2.785) in men and 2.156 (95% CI 1.738–2.675) in women in the fourth quartile, compared to the lowest quartile, after adjusting for age, smoking status, medication history, alanine aminotransferase, uric acid, estimated glomerular filtration rate, fasting glucose, baseline diabetes mellitus prevalence, systolic blood pressure, waist circumference, and body mass index. The hazard ratios per one standard deviation increase in percent change in bilirubin as a continuous variable were 1.277 (95% CI 1.229–1.326) in men and 1.366 (95% CI 1.288–1.447) in women. Conclusions Increases in serum bilirubin concentration were positively associated with a higher risk of incident MetS. Serum bilirubin increment might be a sensitive marker for the development of MetS.
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Affiliation(s)
- You-Bin Lee
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Gangnam-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung-Eun Lee
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Gangnam-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Eun Jun
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Gangnam-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Hwan Jee
- Department of Health Promotion Center, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Gangnam-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Cheol Bae
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Samsung Changwon Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, MasanHoiwon-gu, Changwon-si, Gyeongsangnam-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Man Jin
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Gangnam-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Hyeon Kim
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Gangnam-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Clinical Research Design and Evaluation, Samsung Advanced Institute for Health Sciences and Technology, Sungkyunkwan University, Gangnam-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- * E-mail:
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10
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Yoon JS, Moon JS, Kim YW, Won KC, Lee HW. The Glucotoxicity Protecting Effect of Ezetimibe in Pancreatic Beta Cells via Inhibition of CD36. J Korean Med Sci 2016; 31:547-52. [PMID: 27051238 PMCID: PMC4810337 DOI: 10.3346/jkms.2016.31.4.547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2015] [Accepted: 12/23/2015] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Inhibition of CD36, a fatty acid transporter, has been reported to prevent glucotoxicity and ameliorate high glucose induced beta cell dysfunction. Ezetimibe is a selective cholesterol absorption inhibitor that blocks Niemann Pick C1-like 1 protein, but may exert its effect through suppression of CD36. We attempted to clarify the beneficial effect of ezetimibe on insulin secreting cells and to determine whether this effect is related to change of CD36 expression. mRNA expression of insulin and CD36, intracellular peroxide level and glucose stimulated insulin secretion (GSIS) under normal (5.6 mM) or high glucose (30 mM) condition in INS-1 cells and primary rat islet cells were compared. Changes of the aforementioned factors with treatment with ezetimibe (20 μM) under normal or high glucose condition were also assessed. mRNA expression of insulin was decreased with high glucose, which was reversed by ezetimibe in both INS-1 cells and primary rat islets. CD36 mRNA expression was increased with high glucose, but decreased by ezetimibe in INS-1 cells and primary rat islets. Three-day treatment with high glucose resulted in an increase in intracellular peroxide level; however, it was decreased by treatment with ezetimibe. Decrease in GSIS by three-day treatment with high glucose was reversed by ezetimibe. Palmitate uptake following exposure to high glucose conditions for three days was significantly elevated, which was reversed by ezetimibe in INS-1 cells. Ezetimibe may prevent glucotoxicity in pancreatic β-cells through a decrease in fatty acid influx via inhibition of CD36.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji Sung Yoon
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yeungnam University College of Medicine, Daegu, Korea
| | - Jun Sung Moon
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yeungnam University College of Medicine, Daegu, Korea
| | - Yong-Woon Kim
- Department of Physiology, Yeungnam University College of Medicine, Daegu, Korea
| | - Kyu Chang Won
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yeungnam University College of Medicine, Daegu, Korea
| | - Hyoung Woo Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yeungnam University College of Medicine, Daegu, Korea
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Chokeberry Anthocyanin Extract as Pancreatic β-Cell Protectors in Two Models of Induced Oxidative Stress. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2015; 2015:429075. [PMID: 26113953 PMCID: PMC4465716 DOI: 10.1155/2015/429075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2014] [Revised: 04/29/2015] [Accepted: 05/03/2015] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the protective effects of a chokeberry anthocyanin extract (CAE) on pancreatic β-cells (βTC3) exposed to hydrogen peroxide- (H2O2-) and high glucose- (HG-) induced oxidative stress conditions. In order to quantify individual anthocyanins high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) coupled to photodiode array (PDA) was used. The identification of the fragment ion pattern of anthocyanins was carried out by electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (LC-ESI-MS). The results showed that physiologically achievable concentrations of CAE (1, 5, and 10 μM) protect βTC3 against H2O2- and HG-induced cytotoxicity. Antioxidant enzymes such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) were increased in pancreatic β-cells pretreated with CAE compared to cells exposed to the prooxidant agents. GSH levels initially reduced after exposure to H2O2 and HG were restored by pretreatment with CAE. Insulin secretion in βTC3 cells was enhanced by CAE pretreatment. CAE restored the insulin pool and diminished the intracellular reactive oxygen species level in glucose-induced stress condition in βTC3 cells. These results demonstrate that anthocyanins from CAE were biologically active, showing a secretagogue potential and an antioxidative protection of enzymatic systems, conferring protection against H2O2 and glucose toxicity in βTC3 cells.
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Lee HJ, Choi YJ, Park SY, Kim JY, Won KC, Son JK, Kim YW. Hexane Extract of Orthosiphon stamineus Induces Insulin Expression and Prevents Glucotoxicity in INS-1 Cells. Diabetes Metab J 2015; 39:51-8. [PMID: 25729713 PMCID: PMC4342537 DOI: 10.4093/dmj.2015.39.1.51] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2014] [Accepted: 06/02/2014] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hyperglycemia, a characteristic feature of diabetes, induces glucotoxicity in pancreatic β-cells, resulting in further impairment of insulin secretion and worsening glycemic control. Thus, preservation of insulin secretory capacity is essential for the management of type 2 diabetes. In this study, we evaluated the ability of an Orthosiphon stamineus (OS) extract to prevent glucotoxicity in insulin-producing cells. METHODS We measured insulin mRNA expression and glucose-stimulated insulin secretion (GSIS) in OS-treated INS-1 cells after exposure to a high glucose (HG; 30 mM) concentration. RESULTS The hexane extract of OS elevated mRNA expression of insulin as well as pancreatic and duodenal homeobox-1 of INS-1 cells in a dose-dependent manner. The hexane OS extract also increased the levels of phosphorylated phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) in a concentration-dependent manner. Additionally, Akt phosphorylation was elevated by treatment with 100 and 200 µmol of the hexane OS extract. Three days of HG exposure suppressed insulin mRNA expression and GSIS; these expressions were restored by treatment with the hexane OS extract. HG elevated peroxide levels in the INS-1 cells. These levels were unaffected by OS treatment under both normal and hyperglycemic conditions. CONCLUSION Our results suggested that the hexane extract of OS elevates insulin mRNA expression and prevents glucotoxicity induced by a 3-day treatment with HG. This was associated with the activation of PI-3K and Akt.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hae-Jung Lee
- Department of Pediatrics, Samsung Changwon Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Changwon, Korea
| | - Yoon-Jung Choi
- Department of Physiology, Yeungnam University College of Medicine, Daegu, Korea
| | - So-Young Park
- Department of Physiology, Yeungnam University College of Medicine, Daegu, Korea
| | - Jong-Yeon Kim
- Department of Physiology, Yeungnam University College of Medicine, Daegu, Korea
| | - Kyu-Chang Won
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yeungnam University College of Medicine, Daegu, Korea
| | - Jong-Keun Son
- Yeungnam University College of Pharmacy, Gyeongsan, Korea
| | - Yong-Woon Kim
- Department of Physiology, Yeungnam University College of Medicine, Daegu, Korea
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Kondo K, Ishigaki Y, Gao J, Yamada T, Imai J, Sawada S, Muto A, Oka Y, Igarashi K, Katagiri H. Bach1 deficiency protects pancreatic β-cells from oxidative stress injury. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2013; 305:E641-8. [PMID: 23880309 DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.00120.2013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
BTB and CNC homology 1 (Bach1) is a transcriptional repressor of antioxidative enzymes, such as heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1). Oxidative stress is reportedly involved in insulin secretion impairment and obesity-associated insulin resistance. However, the role of Bach1 in the development of diabetes is unclear. HO-1 expression in the liver, white adipose tissue, and pancreatic islets was markedly upregulated in Bach1-deficient mice. Unexpectedly, glucose and insulin tolerance tests showed no differences in obese wild-type (WT) and obese Bach1-deficient mice after high-fat diet loading for 6 wk, suggesting minimal roles of Bach1 in the development of insulin resistance. In contrast, Bach1 deficiency significantly suppressed alloxan-induced pancreatic insulin content reduction and the resultant glucose elevation. Furthermore, TUNEL-positive cells in pancreatic islets of Bach1-deficient mice were markedly decreased, by 60%, compared with those in WT mice. HO-1 expression in islets was significantly upregulated in alloxan-injected Bach1-deficient mice, whereas expression of other antioxidative enzymes, e.g., catalase, superoxide dismutase, and glutathione peroxidase, was not changed by either alloxan administration or Bach1 deficiency. Our results suggest that Bach1 deficiency protects pancreatic β-cells from oxidative stress-induced apoptosis and that the enhancement of HO-1 expression plays an important role in this protection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keiichi Kondo
- Division of Metabolism and Diabetes, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
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Yoon JH, Cho KH. A Point Mutant of Apolipoprotein A-I (V156K) Showed Enhancement of Cellular Insulin Secretion and Potent Activity of Facultative Regeneration in Zebrafish. Rejuvenation Res 2012; 15:313-21. [DOI: 10.1089/rej.2011.1246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Jeong-Hye Yoon
- School of Biotechnology, Aging-associated Vascular Disease Research Center, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, Republic of Korea
- Research Institute of Protein Sensor, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung-Hyun Cho
- School of Biotechnology, Aging-associated Vascular Disease Research Center, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, Republic of Korea
- Research Institute of Protein Sensor, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, Republic of Korea
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15
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Vítek L. The role of bilirubin in diabetes, metabolic syndrome, and cardiovascular diseases. Front Pharmacol 2012; 3:55. [PMID: 22493581 PMCID: PMC3318228 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2012.00055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 197] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2012] [Accepted: 03/15/2012] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Bilirubin belongs to a phylogenetically old superfamily of tetrapyrrolic compounds, which have multiple biological functions. Although for decades bilirubin was believed to be only a waste product of the heme catabolic pathway at best, and a potentially toxic compound at worst; recent data has convincingly demonstrated that mildly elevated serum bilirubin levels are strongly associated with a lower prevalence of oxidative stress-mediated diseases. Indeed, serum bilirubin has been consistently shown to be negatively correlated to cardiovascular diseases (CVD), as well as to CVD-related diseases and risk factors such as arterial hypertension, diabetes mellitus, metabolic syndrome, and obesity. In addition, the clinical data are strongly supported by evidence arising from both in vitro and in vivo experimental studies. This data not only shows the protective effects of bilirubin per se; but additionally, of other products of the heme catabolic pathway such as biliverdin and carbon monoxide, as well as its key enzymes (heme oxygenase and biliverdin reductase); thus, further underlining the biological impacts of this pathway. In this review, detailed information on the experimental and clinical evidence between the heme catabolic pathway and CVD, and those related diseases such as diabetes, metabolic syndrome, and obesity is provided. All of these pathological conditions represent an important threat to human civilization, being the major killers in developed countries, with a steadily increasing prevalence. Thus, it is extremely important to search for novel markers of these diseases, as well as for novel therapeutic modalities to reverse this unfavorable situation. The heme catabolic pathway seems to fulfill the criteria for both diagnostic purposes as well as for potential therapeutical interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Libor Vítek
- Fourth Department of Internal Medicine, and Institute of Medical Biochemistry and Laboratory Diagnostics, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague Prague, Czech Republic
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Plasma heme oxygenase-1 concentration in relation to impaired glucose regulation in a non-diabetic Chinese population. PLoS One 2012; 7:e32223. [PMID: 22427825 PMCID: PMC3299661 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0032223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2011] [Accepted: 01/23/2012] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Our previous study has recently shown that plasma heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), a stress-responsive protein, is elevated in individuals with type 2 diabetes. The current study aimed to examine the association between plasma HO-1 concentration and impaired glucose regulation (IGR) in non-diabetic individuals. METHODS We conducted a case-control study including a total of 865 subjects (262 IGR individuals and 603 healthy controls) in a Chinese population. Basic characteristics were collected by questionnaire and standardized anthropometric measurements. Plasma HO-1 concentration was determined by ELISA. RESULTS Plasma HO-1 concentration was significantly increased in IGR individuals compared with healthy controls (1.34 (0.81-2.29) ng/ml vs 0.98 (0.56-1.55) ng/ml, P<0.001). After adjustment for age, sex, and BMI, the ORs for IGR in the highest quartile of plasma HO-1 concentrations, compared with the lowest, was 3.42 (95% CI 2.11-5.54; P for trend <0.001). The trend remained significant even after additional adjustment for smoking, alcohol drinking, hypertension, family history of diabetes, lipid profiles and C-reactive protein. In the receiver-operating characteristic curve analysis, addition of plasma HO-1 concentration to a model with known risk factors yielded significantly improved discriminative value for IGR (area under the curves 0.75 (95% CI 0.71-0.78) vs. 0.72 (95% CI 0.69-0.76); P for difference = 0.026). CONCLUSIONS Elevated plasma HO-1 concentration is significantly associated with increased ORs for IGR. However, its clinical utility should be validated in further studies, especially in prospective cohort studies.
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Inhibition of fatty acid translocase cluster determinant 36 (CD36), stimulated by hyperglycemia, prevents glucotoxicity in INS-1 cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2012; 420:462-6. [PMID: 22430143 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2012.03.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2012] [Accepted: 03/05/2012] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of the present study was to determine whether exposure of pancreatic islets to glucotoxic conditions changes fatty acid translocase cluster determinant 36 (CD36) and examine the role of CD36 on the induction of glucotoxicity. We measured the changes of CD36 and insulin secretion in high glucose (30 mM) exposed INS-1 cells and CD36 suppressed INS-1 cells by transfection of CD36 siRNA. The intracellular peroxide level of INS-1 cells increased in the high glucose media compared to normal glucose (5.6mM) media. The mRNA levels of insulin and PDX-1, as well as glucose stimulated insulin secretion (GSIS) were decreased in INS-1 cells exposed to high glucose media compared to normal glucose media, while CD36 and palmitate uptake were significantly elevated with exposure to high glucose media for 12h. The inhibition of CD36 reversed the decreased GSIS and intracellular peroxide level in INS-1 cells. These results suggest that high glucose may exacerbate glucotoxicity via increasing fatty acid influx by elevation of CD36 expression, and that CD36 may be a possible target molecule for preventing glucotoxicity in pancreatic beta-cells.
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18
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Lee EM, Lee YE, Lee E, Ryu GR, Ko SH, Moon SD, Song KH, Ahn YB. Protective Effect of Heme Oxygenase-1 on High Glucose-Induced Pancreatic β-Cell Injury. Diabetes Metab J 2011; 35:469-79. [PMID: 22111038 PMCID: PMC3221022 DOI: 10.4093/dmj.2011.35.5.469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2011] [Accepted: 10/19/2011] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Glucose toxicity that is caused by chronic exposure to a high glucose concentration leads to islet dysfunction and induces apoptosis in pancreatic β-cells. Heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) has been identified as an anti-apoptotic and cytoprotective gene. The purpose of this study is to investigate whether HO-1 up-regulation when using metalloprotophyrin (cobalt protoporphyrin, CoPP) could protect pancreatic β-cells from high glucose-induced apoptosis. METHODS Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction was performed to analyze the CoPP-induced mRNA expression of HO-1. Cell viability of INS-1 cells cultured in the presence of CoPP was examined by acridine orange/propidium iodide staining. The generation of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) was measured using flow cytometry. Glucose stimulated insulin secretion (GSIS) was determined following incubation with CoPP in different glucose concentrations. RESULTS CoPP increased HO-1 mRNA expression in both a dose- and time-dependent manner. Overexpression of HO-1 inhibited caspase-3, and the number of dead cells in the presence of CoPP was significantly decreased when exposed to high glucose conditions (HG). CoPP also decreased the generation of intracellular ROS by 50% during 72 hours of culture with HG. However, decreased GSIS was not recovered even in the presence of CoPP. CONCLUSION Our data suggest that CoPP-induced HO-1 up-regulation results in protection from high glucose-induced apoptosis in INS-1 cells; however, glucose stimulated insulin secretion is not restored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun-Mi Lee
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Young-Eun Lee
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Esder Lee
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Gyeong Ryul Ryu
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seung-Hyun Ko
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sung-Dae Moon
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ki-Ho Song
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yu-Bae Ahn
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Plasma heme oxygenase-1 concentration is elevated in individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus. PLoS One 2010; 5:e12371. [PMID: 20811623 PMCID: PMC2928270 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0012371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2010] [Accepted: 07/29/2010] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Circulating concentrations of heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) have been recently reported to be elevated in several chronic disorders. However, no study has ever examined the association between circulating HO-1 concentrations and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Methods and Findings 581 cases with newly-diagnosed T2DM (New-T2DM) and 611 comparison controls were recruited in this two-phase case-control study, comprising 420 cases and 429 controls collected in the first phase study and 161 cases and 182 controls in the second phase replication study. Analyses, using both separated data and combined data from the two-phase studies, show that plasma HO-1 concentrations were significantly increased in New-T2DM cases compared to controls (P<0.001). Plasma HO-1 concentrations were significantly correlated with plasma glucose concentrations, HOMA-beta and HOMA-IR (P<0.001). After adjustment for age, sex, BMI and family history of diabetes, the ORs for New-T2DM in the highest quartile of plasma HO-1 concentrations, compared with the lowest, was 8.23 (95% CI 5.55–12.21; P for trend <0.001). The trend remained significant after additional adjustment for fasting plasma glucose/insulin, HOMA-beta/HOMA-IR, TC/TG, smoking, drinking and history of hypertension, and even in further stratification analysis by age, sex, BMI, smoking, drinking and history of hypertension. Conclusions Elevated plasma HO-1 concentrations are associated with higher ORs for New-T2DM, which add more knowledge regarding the important role of oxidative stress in T2DM. More consequent studies were warranted to confirm the clinical utility of plasma HO-1, especially in diagnosis and prognosis of T2DM and its complications.
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Abdel Aziz MT, El-Asmar MF, El Nadi EG, Wassef MA, Ahmed HH, Rashed LA, Obaia EM, Sabry D, Hassouna AA, Abdel Aziz AT. The effect of curcumin on insulin release in rat-isolated pancreatic islets. Angiology 2010; 61:557-66. [PMID: 20395228 DOI: 10.1177/0003319709356424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Curcumin exerts a hypoglycemic action and induces heme-oxygenase-1 (HO-1). We evaluated the effect of curcumin on isolated islets of Langerhans and studied whether its action on insulin secretion is mediated by inducible HO-1. Islets were isolated from rats and divided into control islets, islets incubated in different curcumin concentrations, islets incubated in hemin, islets incubated in curcumin and HO inhibitor, stannous mesoporphyrin (SnMP), islets incubated in hemin and SnMP, islets incubated in SnMP only, and islets incubated in 16.7 mmol/L glucose. Heme-oxygenase activity, HO-1 expression, and insulin estimation was assessed. Insulin secretion, HO-1 gene expression and HO activity were significantly increased in islets incubated in curcumin, hemin, and glucose compared with controls. This increase in insulin secretion was significantly decreased by incubation of islets in SnMP. The action of curcumin on insulin secretion from the isolated islets may be, in part, mediated through increased HO-1 gene expression.
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Tarry-Adkins JL, Chen JH, Jones RH, Smith NH, Ozanne SE. Poor maternal nutrition leads to alterations in oxidative stress, antioxidant defense capacity, and markers of fibrosis in rat islets: potential underlying mechanisms for development of the diabetic phenotype in later life. FASEB J 2010; 24:2762-71. [PMID: 20388698 DOI: 10.1096/fj.10-156075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Low birth weight is associated with glucose intolerance, insulin resistance, and type 2 diabetes (T2D) in later life. Good evidence indicates that the environment plays an important role in this relationship. However, the mechanisms underlying these relationships are defined poorly. Islets are particularly susceptible to oxidative stress, and this condition combined with fibrosis is thought to be instrumental in T2D pathogenesis. Here we use our maternal low-protein (LP) rat model to determine the effect of early diet on oxidative stress and fibrosis in pancreatic islets of male offspring at 3 and 15 mo of age. Islet xanthine oxidase (XO) expression was increased in 15-mo LP offspring, which suggests increased oxidative-stress. Manganese superoxide-dismutase (MnSOD), copper-zinc superoxide dismutase (CuZnSOD), and heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) (antioxidant enzymes) were reduced significantly in LP offspring, which indicated impairment of oxidative defense. Expression of fibrosis markers collagen I and collagen III also increased in 15-mo LP offspring. Angiotensin II receptor type I (AT(II)R(1)), induced by hyperglycemia and oxidative-stress, was significantly up-regulated in 15-mo LP offspring. Lipid peroxidation was also increased in 15-mo LP animals. We conclude that maternal protein restriction causes age-associated increased oxidative stress, impairment of oxidative defense, and fibrosis. These findings provide mechanisms by which suboptimal early nutrition can lead to T2D development later in life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jane L Tarry-Adkins
- University of Cambridge Metabolic Research Laboratories, Institute of Metabolic Science, Level 4, Box 289, Addenbrooke's Treatment Centre, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Hills Rd., Cambridge, CB2 OQQ, UK.
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Lai Y, Chen C, Linn T. Innate immunity and heat shock response in islet transplantation. Clin Exp Immunol 2009; 157:1-8. [PMID: 19302242 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2249.2009.03899.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Islet transplantation is an extremely effective therapy for patients with type I diabetes, providing tight control of blood glucose and persistent insulin release. Islet grafts struggle with various stress responses and immunity attacks, which contribute to loss of islet grafts in the long term. In this review we focus upon the innate immunity and heat shock responses, which are closely relevant to the outcome of islet grafts. Potential strategies provided by more comprehensive interventions to control innate immunity and by selective induction of heat shock proteins may ameliorate the outcome of islet transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Lai
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, University of Missouri-Columbia, USA
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23
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Loboda A, Jazwa A, Grochot-Przeczek A, Rutkowski AJ, Cisowski J, Agarwal A, Jozkowicz A, Dulak J. Heme oxygenase-1 and the vascular bed: from molecular mechanisms to therapeutic opportunities. Antioxid Redox Signal 2008; 10:1767-812. [PMID: 18576916 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2008.2043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 200] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Heme oxygenase-1, an enzyme degrading heme to carbon monoxide, iron, and biliverdin, has been recognized as playing a crucial role in cellular defense against stressful conditions, not only related to heme release. HO-1 protects endothelial cells from apoptosis, is involved in blood-vessel relaxation regulating vascular tone, attenuates inflammatory response in the vessel wall, and participates in blood-vessel formation by means of angiogenesis and vasculogenesis. The latter functions link HO-1 not only to cardiovascular ischemia but also to many other conditions that, like development, wound healing, or cancer, are dependent on neovascularization. The aim of this comprehensive review is to address the mechanisms of HO-1 regulation and function in cardiovascular physiology and pathology and to demonstrate some possible applications of the vast knowledge generated so far. Recent data provide powerful evidence for the involvement of HO-1 in the therapeutic effect of drugs used in cardiovascular diseases. Novel studies open the possibilities of application of HO-1 for gene and cell therapy. Therefore, research in forthcoming years should help to elucidate both the real role of HO-1 in the effect of drugs and the clinical feasibility of HO-1-based cell and gene therapy, creating the effective therapeutic avenues for this refined antioxidant system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnieszka Loboda
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland
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Moon JS, Won KC. Relationship Between Serum Bilirubin Levels and Coronary Atherosclerosis in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes (Korean Diabetes Journal 32(4):338-345, 2008). KOREAN DIABETES JOURNAL 2008. [DOI: 10.4093/kdj.2008.32.5.464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jun Sung Moon
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Yeungnam University, Korea
| | - Kyu Chang Won
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Yeungnam University, Korea
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Won KC, Yoon JS. Glucose Toxicity and Pancreatic Beta Cell Dysfunction in Type 2 Diabetes. KOREAN DIABETES JOURNAL 2008. [DOI: 10.4093/kdj.2008.32.3.175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kyu Chang Won
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Yeungnam University, Korea
| | - Ji Sung Yoon
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Yeungnam University, Korea
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Thirunavukkarasu M, Penumathsa SV, Koneru S, Juhasz B, Zhan L, Otani H, Bagchi D, Das DK, Maulik N. Resveratrol alleviates cardiac dysfunction in streptozotocin-induced diabetes: Role of nitric oxide, thioredoxin, and heme oxygenase. Free Radic Biol Med 2007; 43:720-9. [PMID: 17664136 PMCID: PMC2586116 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2007.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 211] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2007] [Revised: 04/12/2007] [Accepted: 05/02/2007] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Excessive oxidative stress has been implicated in the pathology and complications of diabetes, which leads to myocardial ischemia reperfusion injury. The present study was designed to examine whether resveratrol (trans-3,5,4'-trihydroxystilbene), a polyphenolic compound present in red wine has a direct cardioprotective effect on diabetic myocardium. Resveratrol (2.5 mg/kg body wt/day) and L-NAME (25 mg/kg body wt/day) were administered orally for 15 days to streptozotocin (65 mg/kg)-induced diabetic rats. Sprague Dawley rats were divided into 5 groups: (i) control, (ii) diabetic, (iii) diabetic+resveratrol, (iv) diabetic+resveratrol+L-NAME (nitric oxide synthase inhibitor), and (v) diabetic+L-NAME. In our present study resveratrol demonstrated significant reduction in glucose level in diabetic rats. After the treatment, the hearts were excised and subjected to 30 min of global ischemia followed by 2 h of reperfusion. Resveratrol-treated diabetic rats demonstrated significant reduction in glucose levels as compared to the nontreated diabetic animals, and improved left ventricular function throughout reperfusion compared to the diabetic or L-NAME-treated animals (dp/dt(max) 1457+/-51 vs 999+/-44 mm Hg/s at 120 min reperfusion). Cardioprotection from ischemic injury in resveratrol-treated diabetic rats showed decreased infarct size (42% vs 51%) and cardiomyocyte apoptosis (35% vs 40%) as compared with diabetic animals. Resveratrol produced significant induction of p-AKT, p-eNOS, Trx-1, HO-1, and VEGF in addition to increased activation of MnSOD activity in diabetic animals compared to nondiabetic animals. However treatment with L-NAME in resveratrol-treated and nontreated diabetic animals demonstrated significant downregulation of the above-noted protein expression profile and MnSOD activity. In the present study we found that the mechanism(s) responsible for the cardioprotective effect of resveratrol in the diabetic myocardium include upregulation of Trx-1, NO/HO-1, and VEGF in addition to increased MnSOD activity and reduced blood glucose level. Thus this study shows a novel mechanism of pharmacological preconditioning with resveratrol in the diabetic myocardium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahesh Thirunavukkarasu
- Department of Surgery, Molecular Cardiology and Angiogenesis Laboratory, University of Connecticut Medical Center, Farmington, CT, USA
| | - Suresh Varma Penumathsa
- Department of Surgery, Molecular Cardiology and Angiogenesis Laboratory, University of Connecticut Medical Center, Farmington, CT, USA
| | - Srikanth Koneru
- Department of Surgery, Molecular Cardiology and Angiogenesis Laboratory, University of Connecticut Medical Center, Farmington, CT, USA
| | - Bela Juhasz
- Department of Surgery, Molecular Cardiology and Angiogenesis Laboratory, University of Connecticut Medical Center, Farmington, CT, USA
| | - Lijun Zhan
- Department of Surgery, Molecular Cardiology and Angiogenesis Laboratory, University of Connecticut Medical Center, Farmington, CT, USA
| | - Hajime Otani
- Cardiovascular Center, Kansai Medical University, School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Debasis Bagchi
- Interhealth Research Center, Benicia, C.A
- Department of Pharmacy Sciences, Creighton University Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Dipak K Das
- Department of Surgery, Molecular Cardiology and Angiogenesis Laboratory, University of Connecticut Medical Center, Farmington, CT, USA
| | - Nilanjana Maulik
- Department of Surgery, Molecular Cardiology and Angiogenesis Laboratory, University of Connecticut Medical Center, Farmington, CT, USA
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