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Liu H, Wei B, Tang Q, Chen C, Li Y, Yang Q, Wang J, Li J, Qi J, Xi Y, Hu J, Hu B, Bai L, Han C, Wang J, Li L. Non-target metabolomics reveals the changes of small molecular substances in duck breast meat under different preservation time. Food Res Int 2022; 161:111859. [PMID: 36192983 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2022.111859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2022] [Revised: 08/04/2022] [Accepted: 08/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Poultry products are an essential animal source of protein for humans. Many factors could destroy the balance of the poultry production chain and cause an overstock of products, which need to be stored in the frozen storage warehouse for a long time. The long-term frozen storage may affect the quality of meat products. In this study, the changes of small molecular substances were revealed in duck meat during long-term storage using non-targeted metabolomics. The results showed that compared with fresh meat, even if the meat is stored under frozen storage conditions, the number of differential metabolites of frozen storage meat continues to increase with the prolongation of storage time, indicating that the meat composition has changed significantly with the storage time increased. With the increase in storage time, the nitrogen-containing small molecular compounds in duck meat increased (carnosine and anserine, aspartic acid, and tyrosine, 1H-indole-3-acetamide, 2-Hydroxyphenethylamine, 2-Naphylamine, allocystathionine, and O-phosphoethanolamine), the nucleotides decomposition process strengthened (IMP and AMP, GMP and UMP), and the content of organic acid increased (5-hydroxy indole acetic acid, 5-hydroxypentanoic acid and phenylacetate, taurine) and carbohydrate (1-O-sinapoyl-beta-d-glucose, 4-O-beta-d-glucopyranosyl-d-mannose, and alpha-d-glucose). These small molecular substances can be used as biomarkers to detect long-term stored duck meat deterioration. KEGG enrichment analysis showed that protein catabolism, nucleotide catabolism, fat decomposition and oxidation, and carbohydrate decomposition were the main metabolic processes of meat deterioration during the long-term storage of duck meat. In addition, Non-target metabolome technology is a powerful tool to reveal the meat deterioration process during long-term storage systematically. This study provided a reference for optimizing domestic poultry meat storage methods and ensuring food safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hehe Liu
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 613000, China
| | - Bin Wei
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 613000, China
| | - Qian Tang
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 613000, China
| | - Cai Chen
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 613000, China
| | - Yanying Li
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 613000, China
| | - Qinglan Yang
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 613000, China
| | - Jianmei Wang
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 613000, China
| | - Junpeng Li
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 613000, China
| | - Jingjing Qi
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 613000, China
| | - Yang Xi
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 613000, China
| | - Jiwei Hu
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 613000, China
| | - Bo Hu
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 613000, China
| | - Lili Bai
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 613000, China
| | - Chunchun Han
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 613000, China
| | - Jiwen Wang
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 613000, China
| | - Liang Li
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 613000, China.
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Mozduri Z, Lo B, Marty-Gasset N, Masoudi AA, Arroyo J, Morisson M, Canlet C, Bonnet A, Bonnefont CMD. Application of Metabolomics to Identify Hepatic Biomarkers of Foie Gras Qualities in Duck. Front Physiol 2021; 12:694809. [PMID: 34305649 PMCID: PMC8293271 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.694809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2021] [Accepted: 06/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Foie gras is a traditional dish in France that contains 50 to 60% of lipids. The high-fat content of the liver improves the organoleptic qualities of foie gras and reduces its technological yield at cooking (TY). As the valorization of the liver as foie gras products is strongly influenced by the TY, classifying the foie gras in their potential technological quality before cooking them is the main challenge for producers. Therefore, the current study aimed to identify hepatic biomarkers of foie gras qualities like liver weight (LW) and TY. A group of 120 male mule ducks was reared and overfed for 6–12 days, and their livers were sampled and analyzed by proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H-NMR). Eighteen biomarkers of foie gras qualities were identified, nine for LW and TY, five specific to LW, and four specific to TY. All biomarkers were strongly negatively correlated to the liver weights and positively correlated to the technological yield, except for the lactate and the threonine, and also for the creatine that was negatively correlated to foie gras technological quality. As a result, in heavy livers, the liver metabolism was oriented through a reduction of carbohydrate and amino acid metabolisms, and the plasma membrane could be damaged, which may explain the low technological yield of these livers. The detected biomarkers have been strongly discussed with the metabolism of the liver in nonalcoholic steatohepatitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zohre Mozduri
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Bara Lo
- GenPhySE, Université de Toulouse, INRAE, ENVT, Castanet Tolosan, France
| | | | - Ali Akbar Masoudi
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Julien Arroyo
- ASSELDOR, Station d'Expérimentation Appliquée et de Démonstration sur l'oie et le Canard, La Tour de Glane, Coulaures, France
| | - Mireille Morisson
- GenPhySE, Université de Toulouse, INRAE, ENVT, Castanet Tolosan, France
| | - Cécile Canlet
- Toxalim, Université de Toulouse, INRA, ENVT, INP-Purpan, UPS, Toulouse, France.,Axiom Platform, MetaToul-Me, National Infrastructure for Metabolomics and Fluxomics, Toulouse, France
| | - Agnès Bonnet
- GenPhySE, Université de Toulouse, INRAE, ENVT, Castanet Tolosan, France
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Mozduri Z, Marty-Gasset N, Lo B, Masoudi AA, Morisson M, Canlet C, Arroyo J, Bonnet A, Bonnefont CMD. Identification of Plasmatic Biomarkers of Foie Gras Qualities in Duck by Metabolomics. Front Physiol 2021; 12:628264. [PMID: 33643071 PMCID: PMC7907454 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.628264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2020] [Accepted: 01/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The foie gras is an emblematic product of French gastronomy composed of waterfowl fatty liver. The organoleptic qualities of this product depend on the liver characteristics such as liver weight (LW) and technological yield (TY) at cooking. One of the main issues for producers is to classify the foie gras with high or low technological quality before cooking them. Thus the study aims at identifying biomarkers of these characteristics with non-invasive biomarkers in duck. 1H-NMR (nuclear magnetic resonance of the proton) analyses were performed on plasma of male mule ducks at different time points during the overfeeding period to obtain a large range of liver characteristics so as to identify plasmatic biomarkers of foie gras. We used two methods, one based on bucket data from the 1H-NMR spectra and another one based on the fingerprints of several metabolites. PLS analyses and Linear models were performed to identify biomarkers. We identified 18 biomarkers of liver weight and 15 biomarkers of technological yield. As these two quality parameters were strongly correlated (−0.82), 13 biomarkers were common. The lactate was the most important biomarker, the other were mainly amino acids. Contrary to the amino acids, the lactate increased with the liver weight and decreased with the technological yield. We also identified 5 biomarkers specific to LW (3 carbohydrates: glucuronic acid, mannose, sorbitol and 2 amino acids: glutamic acid and methionine) that were negatively correlated to liver weight. It was of main interest to identify 2 biomarkers specific to the technological yield. Contrary to the isovaleric acid, the valine was negatively correlated to the technological yield.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zohre Mozduri
- GenPhySE, Université de Toulouse, INRAE, ENVT, Castanet Tolosan, France.,Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Bara Lo
- GenPhySE, Université de Toulouse, INRAE, ENVT, Castanet Tolosan, France
| | - Ali Akbar Masoudi
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mireille Morisson
- GenPhySE, Université de Toulouse, INRAE, ENVT, Castanet Tolosan, France
| | - Cécile Canlet
- Toxalim, Université de Toulouse, INRA, ENVT, INP-Purpan, UPS, Toulouse, France.,Axiom Platform, MetaToul-MetaboHUB, National Infrastructure for Metabolomics and Fluxomics, Toulouse, France
| | - Julien Arroyo
- ASSELDOR, Station d'expérimentation appliquée et de démonstration sur l'oie et le canard, La Tour de Glane, Coulaures, France
| | - Agnès Bonnet
- GenPhySE, Université de Toulouse, INRAE, ENVT, Castanet Tolosan, France
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Wang X, Jiang G, Kebreab E, Li J, Feng X, Li C, Zhang X, Huang X, Fang C, Fang R, Dai Q. 1H NMR-based metabolomics study of breast meat from Pekin and Linwu duck of different ages and relation to meat quality. Food Res Int 2020; 133:109126. [PMID: 32466939 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2020.109126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2019] [Revised: 01/27/2020] [Accepted: 02/23/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
This study investigated the effects of breed and age on meat quality, and metabolite profiles of duck breast meat, and the relationship between changes in metabolite profiles and the meat quality. The meat quality and 1H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR)-based metabolomics of breast meat from Pekin and Linwu ducks at 2 different ages (42 and 72d) was analyzed. The results showed that age exerted a greater effect on the observed meat quality traits of breast meat than breed, and its interaction (breed × age) effect on pH values and yellowness (b*) of duck breast meat was significant. Total of 32 metabolites were detected in breast meat of Pekin and Linwu duck. The difference of metabolite profiles in breast meat between Pekin and Linwu duck at 72 d was greater than that at 42 d, while the effects of age on metabolites of duck meat from both breeds were similar. Anserine, aspartate, and carnosine were the most relevant metabolites of duck breast meat quality, and nicotinamide in duck breast meat was negatively correlated with cooking loss. These results provide an overall perspective for bridging the gap between the breed and age on duck meat quality and metabolome, and improve the understanding of the relationship between metabolites and duck meat quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangrong Wang
- Hunan Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Changsha, Hunan 410131, China; Department of Animal Science, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, United States; Hunan Co-Innovation Center of Animal Production Safety (CICAPS), Changsha, Hunan 410128, China.
| | - Guitao Jiang
- Hunan Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Changsha, Hunan 410131, China; Hunan Co-Innovation Center of Animal Production Safety (CICAPS), Changsha, Hunan 410128, China.
| | - Ermias Kebreab
- Department of Animal Science, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, United States.
| | - Jinghui Li
- Department of Animal Science, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, United States.
| | - Xiaoyu Feng
- Department of Animal Science, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, United States.
| | - Chuang Li
- Hunan Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Changsha, Hunan 410131, China.
| | - Xu Zhang
- Hunan Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Changsha, Hunan 410131, China.
| | - Xuan Huang
- Hunan Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Changsha, Hunan 410131, China.
| | - Chengkun Fang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan 410128, China.
| | - Rejun Fang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan 410128, China; Hunan Co-Innovation Center of Animal Production Safety (CICAPS), Changsha, Hunan 410128, China.
| | - Qiuzhong Dai
- Hunan Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Changsha, Hunan 410131, China; Hunan Co-Innovation Center of Animal Production Safety (CICAPS), Changsha, Hunan 410128, China.
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Lo B, Marty-Gasset N, Manse H, Bannelier C, Bravo C, Domitile R, Rémignon H. Cellular markers of mule duck livers after force-feeding. Poult Sci 2020; 99:3567-3573. [PMID: 32616253 PMCID: PMC7597809 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2020.03.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2019] [Revised: 02/26/2020] [Accepted: 03/24/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The “Foie gras” or fatty liver is the result of hepatic steatosis from nutritional origin and induced by the force-feeding of palmipeds. Despite identical rearing and force-feeding conditions of ducks from the same breed, different liver weights, within a range of 500 to more than 700 g, are generally observed at the time of evisceration. To better understand the determinism of this large variability in fatty liver weights, the activity of various metabolic pathways has been explored in 4 groups of steatotic livers differing by their weights. Different analyses were performed using biochemical assays on metabolites as well as ELISA tests or enzyme activity assays. The result showed that an increase in the final liver weight is always associated with a hypoxic response and even a severe hypoxia observed in livers with the highest weights (more than 650 g). This is also combined with a rise in the cellular oxidative stress level. In addition, for the heaviest livers (more than 700 g), signs of cell death by apoptosis were also observed, while others programmed cell death pathways, such as ferroptosis or necroptosis, seemed to be nonactive.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bara Lo
- GenPhySE, Université de Toulouse, INRAE, ENVT, 31326 Castanet Tolosan, France
| | | | - Hélène Manse
- GenPhySE, Université de Toulouse, INRAE, ENVT, 31326 Castanet Tolosan, France
| | - Carole Bannelier
- GenPhySE, Université de Toulouse, INRAE, ENVT, 31326 Castanet Tolosan, France
| | - Céline Bravo
- GenPhySE, Université de Toulouse, INRAE, ENVT, 31326 Castanet Tolosan, France
| | | | - Hervé Rémignon
- GenPhySE, Université de Toulouse, INRAE, ENVT, 31326 Castanet Tolosan, France.
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Bonnefont CMD, Molette C, Lavigne F, Manse H, Bravo C, Lo B, Rémignon H, Arroyo J, Bouillier-Oudot M. Evolution of liver fattening and foie gras technological yield during the overfeeding period in mule duck. Poult Sci 2020; 98:5724-5733. [PMID: 31347676 PMCID: PMC6771768 DOI: 10.3382/ps/pez359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2018] [Accepted: 06/07/2019] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
In foie gras production the technological yield after the cooking process is one of the main issues of processors as it is closely linked to the cooking melting rate. This rate is subjected to strict laws and regulations since it directly affects the organoleptic and technological qualities of this gourmet product. The objective of the study was to better understand the liver fattening and the technological yield decrease during the overfeeding kinetics. A flock of 210 mule ducks was reared and then overfed during 12 D with 2 overfeeding programs; in the test group the amounts of corn in the first meals were higher than in the control group (+430 g during the whole period). Ducks were slaughtered at the end of the rearing period (D0, n = 15) and every other day (D2 to D12, n = 15 by group). Duck performances, anatomical dissections and physical and biochemical liver characteristics were registered. The performances were equivalent in the groups (P > 0.1). The evolution of the liver weight was then analyzed in detail in relation with the evolution of its biochemical composition. A two-step evolution occurred in the liver metabolism, first a main glycogen storage and then a strong lipid storage. A model to predict the liver weight was established with only BWs and feed intakes (R² = 0.83). The technological yield was determined on foie gras weighing more than 300 g (D6 to D12). The melting process was high during the last 2 D. The technological yield reached 72% at D12, for 758 g foie gras, and a strong negative correlation was observed with liver weight (−0.83; P < 0.001). A model to predict the technological yield was established with the liver weight and the liver color parameters (R² = 0.71). This study highlights the compromise between foie gras weight and its quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cécile M D Bonnefont
- GenPhySE, Université de Toulouse, INRA, ENVT, Toulouse INP, 31326 Castanet Tolosan, France
| | - Caroline Molette
- GenPhySE, Université de Toulouse, INRA, ENVT, Toulouse INP, 31326 Castanet Tolosan, France
| | - Franck Lavigne
- ASSELDOR, Station d'expérimentation appliquée et de démonstration sur l'oie et le canard, La Tour de Glane, 24420 Coulaures, France
| | - Hélène Manse
- GenPhySE, Université de Toulouse, INRA, ENVT, Toulouse INP, 31326 Castanet Tolosan, France
| | - Céline Bravo
- GenPhySE, Université de Toulouse, INRA, ENVT, Toulouse INP, 31326 Castanet Tolosan, France
| | - Bara Lo
- GenPhySE, Université de Toulouse, INRA, ENVT, Toulouse INP, 31326 Castanet Tolosan, France
| | - Hervé Rémignon
- GenPhySE, Université de Toulouse, INRA, ENVT, Toulouse INP, 31326 Castanet Tolosan, France
| | - Julien Arroyo
- ASSELDOR, Station d'expérimentation appliquée et de démonstration sur l'oie et le canard, La Tour de Glane, 24420 Coulaures, France
| | - Michel Bouillier-Oudot
- GenPhySE, Université de Toulouse, INRA, ENVT, Toulouse INP, 31326 Castanet Tolosan, France
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Pioche T, Skiba F, Bernadet MD, Seiliez I, Massimino W, Houssier M, Tavernier A, Ricaud K, Davail S, Skiba-Cassy S, Gontier K. Kinetic study of the expression of genes related to hepatic steatosis, glucose and lipid metabolism, and cellular stress during overfeeding in mule ducks. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 2020; 318:R453-R467. [PMID: 31913683 DOI: 10.1152/ajpregu.00198.2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Induced by overfeeding, hepatic steatosis is a process exploited for the "foie gras" production in mule ducks. To better understand the mechanisms underlying its development, the physiological responses of mule ducks overfed with corn for a duration of 11 days were analyzed. A kinetic analysis of glucose and lipid metabolism and cell protection mechanisms was performed on 96 male mule ducks during overfeeding with three sampling times (after the 4th, the 12th, and the 22nd meal). Gene expression and protein analysis realized on the liver, muscle, and abdominal fat showed an activation of a cholesterol biosynthetic pathway during the complete overfeeding period mainly in livers with significant correlations between its weight and its cholesterolemia (r = 0.88; P < 0.0001) and between the liver weight and the hmgcr and soat1 expression (r = 0.4, P < 0.0001 and r = 0.67; P < 0.0001, respectively). Results also revealed an activation of insulin and amino acid cells signaling a pathway suggesting that ducks boost insulin sensitivity to raise glucose uptake and use via glycolysis and lipogenesis. Cellular stress analysis revealed an upregulation of key autophagy-related gene expression atg8 and sqstm1(P < 0.0001) during the complete overfeeding period, mainly in the liver, in contrast to an induction of cyp2e1(P < 0.0001), suggesting that autophagy could be suppressed during steatosis development. This study has highlighted different mechanisms enabling mule ducks to efficiently handle the starch overload by keeping its liver in a nonpathological state. Moreover, it has revealed potential biomarker candidates of hepatic steatosis as plasma cholesterol for the liver weight.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tracy Pioche
- Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Univ Pau & Pays Adour, Energy and Environment Solutions initiative, Nutrition, Métabolisme, Aquaculture, Saint-Pée-sur-Nivelle, France
| | - Fabien Skiba
- Nutricia, Route de Saint-Sever, Haut-Mauco, France
| | - Marie-Dominique Bernadet
- Unité Expérimentale Palmipèdes à Foie Gras, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique Bordeaux-Aquitaine, Domaine d'Artiguères, Benquet, France
| | - Iban Seiliez
- Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Univ Pau & Pays Adour, Energy and Environment Solutions initiative, Nutrition, Métabolisme, Aquaculture, Saint-Pée-sur-Nivelle, France
| | - William Massimino
- Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Univ Pau & Pays Adour, Energy and Environment Solutions initiative, Nutrition, Métabolisme, Aquaculture, Saint-Pée-sur-Nivelle, France
| | - Marianne Houssier
- Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Univ Pau & Pays Adour, Energy and Environment Solutions initiative, Nutrition, Métabolisme, Aquaculture, Saint-Pée-sur-Nivelle, France
| | - Annabelle Tavernier
- Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Univ Pau & Pays Adour, Energy and Environment Solutions initiative, Nutrition, Métabolisme, Aquaculture, Saint-Pée-sur-Nivelle, France
| | - Karine Ricaud
- Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Univ Pau & Pays Adour, Energy and Environment Solutions initiative, Nutrition, Métabolisme, Aquaculture, Saint-Pée-sur-Nivelle, France
| | - Stéphane Davail
- Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Univ Pau & Pays Adour, Energy and Environment Solutions initiative, Nutrition, Métabolisme, Aquaculture, Saint-Pée-sur-Nivelle, France
| | - Sandrine Skiba-Cassy
- Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Univ Pau & Pays Adour, Energy and Environment Solutions initiative, Nutrition, Métabolisme, Aquaculture, Saint-Pée-sur-Nivelle, France
| | - Karine Gontier
- Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Univ Pau & Pays Adour, Energy and Environment Solutions initiative, Nutrition, Métabolisme, Aquaculture, Saint-Pée-sur-Nivelle, France
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NMR-Based Identification of Metabolites in Polar and Non-Polar Extracts of Avian Liver. Metabolites 2017; 7:metabo7040061. [PMID: 29144418 PMCID: PMC5746741 DOI: 10.3390/metabo7040061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2017] [Revised: 11/07/2017] [Accepted: 11/08/2017] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Metabolites present in liver provide important clues regarding the physiological state of an organism. The aim of this work was to evaluate a protocol for high-throughput NMR-based analysis of polar and non-polar metabolites from a small quantity of liver tissue. We extracted the tissue with a methanol/chloroform/water mixture and isolated the polar metabolites from the methanol/water layer and the non-polar metabolites from the chloroform layer. Following drying, we re-solubilized the fractions for analysis with a 600 MHz NMR spectrometer equipped with a 1.7 mm cryogenic probe. In order to evaluate the feasibility of this protocol for metabolomics studies, we analyzed the metabolic profile of livers from house sparrow (Passer domesticus) nestlings raised on two different diets: livers from 10 nestlings raised on a high protein diet (HP) for 4 d and livers from 12 nestlings raised on the HP diet for 3 d and then switched to a high carbohydrate diet (HC) for 1 d. The protocol enabled the detection of 52 polar and nine non-polar metabolites in 1H NMR spectra of the extracts. We analyzed the lipophilic metabolites by one-way ANOVA to assess statistically significant concentration differences between the two groups. The results of our studies demonstrate that the protocol described here can be exploited for high-throughput screening of small quantities of liver tissue (approx. 100 mg wet mass) obtainable from small animals.
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Palma M, Hernández-Castellano LE, Castro N, Arguëllo A, Capote J, Matzapetakis M, de Almeida AM. NMR-metabolomics profiling of mammary gland secretory tissue and milk serum in two goat breeds with different levels of tolerance to seasonal weight loss. MOLECULAR BIOSYSTEMS 2017; 12:2094-107. [PMID: 27001028 DOI: 10.1039/c5mb00851d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Goats are of special importance in the Mediterranean and tropical regions for producing a variety of dairy products. The scarcity of pastures during the dry season leads to seasonal weight loss (SWL), which affects milk production. In this work, we studied the effect of feed-restriction on two dairy goat breeds, with different tolerance levels to SWL: the Majorera breed (tolerant) and the Palmera breed (susceptible). Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) was used to compare the metabolome of an aqueous fraction of the mammary gland and milk serum from both breeds. Goats in mid-lactation were divided by breed, and each in two feed-regime groups: the control group and the restricted-fed group (to achieve 15-20% reduction of body weight at the end of the experiment). Milk and mammary gland samples were collected at the end of the experimental period (23rd day). (1)H NMR spectra were collected from the aqueous extract of the mammary gland biopsies and the milk serum. Profiling analysis has led to the identification of 46 metabolites in the aqueous extract of the mammary gland. Lactose, glutamate, glycine and lactate were found to be the most abundant. Analysis of milk serum allowed the identification of 50 metabolites, the most abundant being lactose, citrate and creatine. Significant differences were observed, in mammary gland biopsies and milk serum, between control and restricted-fed groups in both breeds, albeit with no differences between the breeds. Variations seem to be related to metabolism adaptation to the low-energy diet and are indicative of breed-specific microflora. Milk serum showed more metabolites varying between control and restricted groups, than the mammary gland. The Majorera breed also showed more variations than the Palmera breed in milk samples, which could be an indication of a prompt adaptation to SWL by the Majorera breed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariana Palma
- Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica António Xavier, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Oeiras, Portugal.
| | | | - Noemí Castro
- Department of Animal Science, Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Arucas, Gran Canaria, Spain
| | - Anastasio Arguëllo
- Department of Animal Science, Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Arucas, Gran Canaria, Spain
| | - Juan Capote
- ICIA - Instituto Canario de Investigaciones Agrarias, Valle Guerra, Tenerife, Spain
| | - Manolis Matzapetakis
- Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica António Xavier, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Oeiras, Portugal.
| | - André Martinho de Almeida
- Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica António Xavier, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Oeiras, Portugal. and Instituto de Biologia Experimental e Tecnológica, Oeiras, Portugal and Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação em Sanidade Animal, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
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