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Guo D, Yao Y, Liu X, Han Y. Clemastine improves emotional and social deficits in adolescent social isolation mice by reversing demyelination. Pharmacol Biochem Behav 2024; 242:173824. [PMID: 39002803 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbb.2024.173824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2024] [Revised: 07/09/2024] [Accepted: 07/10/2024] [Indexed: 07/15/2024]
Abstract
Adolescence is a critical period for social experience-dependent oligodendrocyte maturation and myelination. Adolescent stress predisposes to cause irreversible changes in brain structure and function with lasting effects on adulthood or beyond. However, the molecular mechanisms linking adolescent social isolation stress with emotional and social competence remain largely unknown. In our study, we found that social isolation during adolescence leads to anxiety-like behaviors, depression-like behaviors, impaired social memory and altered patterns of social ultrasonic vocalizations in mice. In addition, adolescent social isolation stress induces demyelination in the prefrontal cortex and hippocampus of mice, with decreased myelin-related gene expression and disrupted myelin structure. More importantly, clemastine was sufficient to rescue the impairment of emotional and social memory by promoting remyelination. These findings reveal the demyelination mechanism of emotional and social deficits caused by social isolation stress in adolescence, and provides potential therapeutic targets for treating stress-related mental disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Guo
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China; National Institute on Drug Dependence and Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Dependence Research, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Yuan Yao
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China; National Institute on Drug Dependence and Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Dependence Research, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Xiumin Liu
- National Institute on Drug Dependence and Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Dependence Research, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Ying Han
- National Institute on Drug Dependence and Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Dependence Research, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China.
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2
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Liu K, Yang Y, Wu Z, Sun C, Su Y, Huang N, Wu H, Yi C, Ye J, Xiao L, Niu J. Remyelination-oriented clemastine treatment attenuates neuropathies of optic nerve and retina in glaucoma. Glia 2024; 72:1555-1571. [PMID: 38829008 DOI: 10.1002/glia.24543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Revised: 04/16/2024] [Accepted: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 06/05/2024]
Abstract
As one of the top causes of blindness worldwide, glaucoma leads to diverse optic neuropathies such as degeneration of retinal ganglion cells (RGCs). It is widely accepted that the level of intraocular pressure (IOP) is a major risk factor in human glaucoma, and reduction of IOP level is the principally most well-known method to prevent cell death of RGCs. However, clinical studies show that lowering IOP fails to prevent RGC degeneration in the progression of glaucoma. Thus, a comprehensive understanding of glaucoma pathological process is required for developing new therapeutic strategies. In this study, we provide functional and histological evidence showing that optic nerve defects occurred before retina damage in an ocular hypertension glaucoma mouse model, in which oligodendroglial lineage cells were responsible for the subsequent neuropathology. By treatment with clemastine, an Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved first-generation antihistamine medicine, we demonstrate that the optic nerve and retina damages were attenuated via promoting oligodendrocyte precursor cell (OPC) differentiation and enhancing remyelination. Taken together, our results reveal the timeline of the optic neuropathies in glaucoma and highlight the potential role of oligodendroglial lineage cells playing in its treatment. Clemastine may be used in future clinical applications for demyelination-associated glaucoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun Liu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Army Specialty Medical Center, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Department of Histology and Embryology, State Key Laboratory of Trauma and Chemical Poisoning, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Neurobiology, Brain and Intelligence Research Key Laboratory of Chongqing Education Commission, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yujian Yang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Army Specialty Medical Center, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Department of Histology and Embryology, State Key Laboratory of Trauma and Chemical Poisoning, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Neurobiology, Brain and Intelligence Research Key Laboratory of Chongqing Education Commission, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Zhonghao Wu
- Department of Histology and Embryology, State Key Laboratory of Trauma and Chemical Poisoning, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Neurobiology, Brain and Intelligence Research Key Laboratory of Chongqing Education Commission, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Chunhui Sun
- Research Centre, Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yixun Su
- Department of Histology and Embryology, State Key Laboratory of Trauma and Chemical Poisoning, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Neurobiology, Brain and Intelligence Research Key Laboratory of Chongqing Education Commission, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Research Centre, Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Nanxin Huang
- Department of Histology and Embryology, State Key Laboratory of Trauma and Chemical Poisoning, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Neurobiology, Brain and Intelligence Research Key Laboratory of Chongqing Education Commission, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Haoqian Wu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Army Specialty Medical Center, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Chenju Yi
- Research Centre, Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jian Ye
- Department of Ophthalmology, Army Specialty Medical Center, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Lan Xiao
- Department of Histology and Embryology, State Key Laboratory of Trauma and Chemical Poisoning, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Neurobiology, Brain and Intelligence Research Key Laboratory of Chongqing Education Commission, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jianqin Niu
- Department of Histology and Embryology, State Key Laboratory of Trauma and Chemical Poisoning, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Neurobiology, Brain and Intelligence Research Key Laboratory of Chongqing Education Commission, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
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Leenders F, Koole L, Slaets H, Tiane A, Hove DVD, Vanmierlo T. Navigating oligodendrocyte precursor cell aging in brain health. Mech Ageing Dev 2024; 220:111959. [PMID: 38950628 DOI: 10.1016/j.mad.2024.111959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2024] [Revised: 06/17/2024] [Accepted: 06/24/2024] [Indexed: 07/03/2024]
Abstract
Oligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPCs) comprise 5-8 % of the adult glial cell population and stand out as the most proliferative cell type in the central nervous system (CNS). OPCs are responsible for generating oligodendrocytes (OLs), the myelinating cells of the CNS. However, OPC functions decline as we age, resulting in impaired differentiation and inadequate remyelination. This review explores the cellular and molecular changes associated with OPC aging, and their impact on OPC differentiation and functionality. Furthermore, it examines the impact of OPC aging within the context of multiple sclerosis and Alzheimer's disease, both neurodegenerative conditions wherein aged OPCs exacerbate disease progression by impeding remyelination. Moreover, various pharmacological interventions targeting pathways related to senescence and differentiation are discussed as potential strategies to rejuvenate aged OPCs. Enhancing our understanding of OPC aging mechanisms holds promise for developing new therapies to improve remyelination and repair in age-related neurodegenerative disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Freddy Leenders
- Department Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, Division Translational Neuroscience, Mental Health and Neuroscience Research Institute, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands; Department of Neuroscience, Biomedical Research Institute, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, Hasselt University, Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Lisa Koole
- Department Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, Division Translational Neuroscience, Mental Health and Neuroscience Research Institute, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands; Department of Neuroscience, Biomedical Research Institute, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, Hasselt University, Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Helena Slaets
- University MS Centre (UMSC) Hasselt, Pelt, Belgium; Neuro-Immune Connections and Repair Lab, Department of Immunology and Infection, Biomedical Research Institute, Hasselt University, Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Assia Tiane
- Department Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, Division Translational Neuroscience, Mental Health and Neuroscience Research Institute, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands; Department of Neuroscience, Biomedical Research Institute, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, Hasselt University, Diepenbeek, Belgium; University MS Centre (UMSC) Hasselt, Pelt, Belgium
| | - Daniel van den Hove
- Department Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, Division Translational Neuroscience, Mental Health and Neuroscience Research Institute, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Tim Vanmierlo
- Department Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, Division Translational Neuroscience, Mental Health and Neuroscience Research Institute, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands; Department of Neuroscience, Biomedical Research Institute, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, Hasselt University, Diepenbeek, Belgium; University MS Centre (UMSC) Hasselt, Pelt, Belgium.
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Ravichandar R, Gadelkarim F, Muthaiah R, Glynos N, Murlanova K, Rai NK, Saraswat D, Polanco JJ, Dutta R, Pal D, Sim FJ. Dysregulated Cholinergic Signaling Inhibits Oligodendrocyte Maturation Following Demyelination. J Neurosci 2024; 44:e0051242024. [PMID: 38749703 PMCID: PMC11236584 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.0051-24.2024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2024] [Revised: 05/02/2024] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Dysregulation of oligodendrocyte progenitor cell (OPC) recruitment and oligodendrocyte differentiation contribute to failure of remyelination in human demyelinating diseases such as multiple sclerosis (MS). Deletion of muscarinic receptor enhances OPC differentiation and remyelination. However, the role of ligand-dependent signaling versus constitutive receptor activation is unknown. We hypothesized that dysregulated acetylcholine (ACh) release upon demyelination contributes to ligand-mediated activation hindering myelin repair. Following chronic cuprizone (CPZ)-induced demyelination (male and female mice), we observed a 2.5-fold increase in ACh concentration. This increase in ACh concentration could be attributed to increased ACh synthesis or decreased acetylcholinesterase-/butyrylcholinesterase (BChE)-mediated degradation. Using choline acetyltransferase (ChAT) reporter mice, we identified increased ChAT-GFP expression following both lysolecithin and CPZ demyelination. ChAT-GFP expression was upregulated in a subset of injured and uninjured axons following intraspinal lysolecithin-induced demyelination. In CPZ-demyelinated corpus callosum, ChAT-GFP was observed in Gfap+ astrocytes and axons indicating the potential for neuronal and astrocytic ACh release. BChE expression was significantly decreased in the corpus callosum following CPZ demyelination. This decrease was due to the loss of myelinating oligodendrocytes which were the primary source of BChE. To determine the role of ligand-mediated muscarinic signaling following lysolecithin injection, we administered neostigmine, a cholinesterase inhibitor, to artificially raise ACh. We identified a dose-dependent decrease in mature oligodendrocyte density with no effect on OPC recruitment. Together, these results support a functional role of ligand-mediated activation of muscarinic receptors following demyelination and suggest that dysregulation of ACh homeostasis directly contributes to failure of remyelination in MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roopa Ravichandar
- Neuroscience Program, Jacob's School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York 14203
| | - Farah Gadelkarim
- Neuroscience Program, Jacob's School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York 14203
| | - Rupadevi Muthaiah
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Jacob's School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York 14203
| | - Nicolas Glynos
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109
| | - Kateryna Murlanova
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Jacob's School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York 14203
| | - Nagendra K Rai
- Department of Neuroscience, Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio 44195
| | - Darpan Saraswat
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Jacob's School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York 14203
| | - Jessie J Polanco
- Neuroscience Program, Jacob's School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York 14203
| | - Ranjan Dutta
- Department of Neuroscience, Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio 44195
| | - Dinesh Pal
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109
| | - Fraser J Sim
- Neuroscience Program, Jacob's School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York 14203
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Jacob's School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York 14203
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Odell EP, Jabassini N, Schniedewind B, Pease-Raissi SE, Frymoyer A, Christians U, Green AJ, Chan JR, Ostrem BEL. Minimum effective dose of clemastine in a mouse model of preterm white matter injury. Pediatr Res 2024:10.1038/s41390-024-03326-w. [PMID: 38942888 DOI: 10.1038/s41390-024-03326-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2024] [Revised: 05/06/2024] [Accepted: 05/31/2024] [Indexed: 06/30/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Preterm white matter injury (PWMI) is the most common cause of brain injury in premature neonates. PWMI involves a differentiation arrest of oligodendrocytes, the myelinating cells of the central nervous system. Clemastine was previously shown to induce oligodendrocyte differentiation and myelination in mouse models of PWMI at a dose of 10 mg/kg/day. The minimum effective dose (MED) of clemastine is unknown. Identification of the MED is essential for maximizing safety and efficacy in neonatal clinical trials. We hypothesized that the MED in neonatal mice is lower than 10 mg/kg/day. METHODS Mouse pups were exposed to normoxia or hypoxia (10% FiO2) from postnatal day 3 (P3) through P10. Vehicle or clemastine at one of four doses (0.5, 2, 7.5 or 10 mg/kg/day) was given to hypoxia-exposed pups. Myelination was assessed at age P14 and 10 weeks to determine the MED. Clemastine pharmacokinetics were evaluated at steady-state on day 8 of treatment. RESULTS Clemastine rescued hypoxia-induced hypomyelination with a MED of 7.5 mg/kg/day. Pharmacokinetic analysis of the MED revealed Cmax 44.0 ng/mL, t1/2 4.6 h, and AUC24 280.1 ng*hr/mL. CONCLUSIONS Based on these results, myelination-promoting exposures should be achievable with oral doses of clemastine in neonates with PWMI. IMPACT Preterm white matter injury (PWMI) is the most common cause of brain injury and cerebral palsy in premature neonates. Clemastine, an FDA-approved antihistamine, was recently identified to strongly promote myelination in a mouse model of PWMI and is a possible treatment. The minimum effective dose in neonatal rodents is unknown and is critical for guiding dose selection and balancing efficacy with toxicity in future clinical trials. We identified the minimum effective dose of clemastine and the associated pharmacokinetics in a murine chronic hypoxia model of PWMI, paving the way for a future clinical trial in human neonates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth P Odell
- Weill Institute for Neurosciences, Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Nora Jabassini
- Weill Institute for Neurosciences, Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Björn Schniedewind
- iC42 Clinical Research and Development, Department of Anesthesiology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Sarah E Pease-Raissi
- Weill Institute for Neurosciences, Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Adam Frymoyer
- Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - Uwe Christians
- iC42 Clinical Research and Development, Department of Anesthesiology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Ari J Green
- Weill Institute for Neurosciences, Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Jonah R Chan
- Weill Institute for Neurosciences, Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Bridget E L Ostrem
- Weill Institute for Neurosciences, Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
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Parrilla GE, Gupta V, Wall RV, Salkar A, Basavarajappa D, Mirzaei M, Chitranshi N, Graham SL, You Y. The role of myelin in neurodegeneration: implications for drug targets and neuroprotection strategies. Rev Neurosci 2024; 35:271-292. [PMID: 37983528 DOI: 10.1515/revneuro-2023-0081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023]
Abstract
Myelination of axons in the central nervous system offers numerous advantages, including decreased energy expenditure for signal transmission and enhanced signal speed. The myelin sheaths surrounding an axon consist of a multi-layered membrane that is formed by oligodendrocytes, while specific glycoproteins and lipids play various roles in this formation process. As beneficial as myelin can be, its dysregulation and degeneration can prove detrimental. Inflammation, oxidative stress, and changes in cellular metabolism and the extracellular matrix can lead to demyelination of these axons. These factors are hallmark characteristics of certain demyelinating diseases including multiple sclerosis. The effects of demyelination are also implicated in primary degeneration in diseases such as glaucoma and Alzheimer's disease, as well as in processes of secondary degeneration. This reveals a relationship between myelin and secondary processes of neurodegeneration, including resultant degeneration following traumatic injury and transsynaptic degeneration. The role of myelin in primary and secondary degeneration is also of interest in the exploration of strategies and targets for remyelination, including the use of anti-inflammatory molecules or nanoparticles to deliver drugs. Although the use of these methods in animal models of diseases have shown to be effective in promoting remyelination, very few clinical trials in patients have met primary end points. This may be due to shortcomings or considerations that are not met while designing a clinical trial that targets remyelination. Potential solutions include diversifying disease targets and requiring concomitant interventions to promote rehabilitation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriella E Parrilla
- Faculty of Human, Health, and Medical Science, Department of Clinical Medicine, Macquarie University, Wallumattagal Campus, Macquarie Park, NSW 2109, Australia
| | - Vivek Gupta
- Faculty of Human, Health, and Medical Science, Department of Clinical Medicine, Macquarie University, Wallumattagal Campus, Macquarie Park, NSW 2109, Australia
| | - Roshana Vander Wall
- Faculty of Human, Health, and Medical Science, Department of Clinical Medicine, Macquarie University, Wallumattagal Campus, Macquarie Park, NSW 2109, Australia
| | - Akanksha Salkar
- Faculty of Human, Health, and Medical Science, Department of Clinical Medicine, Macquarie University, Wallumattagal Campus, Macquarie Park, NSW 2109, Australia
| | - Devaraj Basavarajappa
- Faculty of Human, Health, and Medical Science, Department of Clinical Medicine, Macquarie University, Wallumattagal Campus, Macquarie Park, NSW 2109, Australia
| | - Mehdi Mirzaei
- Faculty of Human, Health, and Medical Science, Department of Clinical Medicine, Macquarie University, Wallumattagal Campus, Macquarie Park, NSW 2109, Australia
| | - Nitin Chitranshi
- Faculty of Human, Health, and Medical Science, Department of Clinical Medicine, Macquarie University, Wallumattagal Campus, Macquarie Park, NSW 2109, Australia
| | - Stuart L Graham
- Faculty of Human, Health, and Medical Science, Department of Clinical Medicine, Macquarie University, Wallumattagal Campus, Macquarie Park, NSW 2109, Australia
- Save Sight Institute, University of Sydney, 8 Macquarie St, Sydney, NSW 2000, Australia
| | - Yuyi You
- Faculty of Human, Health, and Medical Science, Department of Clinical Medicine, Macquarie University, Wallumattagal Campus, Macquarie Park, NSW 2109, Australia
- Save Sight Institute, University of Sydney, 8 Macquarie St, Sydney, NSW 2000, Australia
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Wang J, Zhen Y, Yang J, Yang S, Zhu G. Recognizing Alzheimer's disease from perspective of oligodendrocytes: Phenomena or pathogenesis? CNS Neurosci Ther 2024; 30:e14688. [PMID: 38516808 PMCID: PMC10958408 DOI: 10.1111/cns.14688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Accumulation of amyloid beta, tau hyperphosphorylation, and microglia activation are the three highly acknowledged pathological factors of Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, oligodendrocytes (OLs) were also widely investigated in the pathogenesis and treatment for AD. AIMS We aimed to update the regulatory targets of the differentiation and maturation of OLs, and emphasized the key role of OLs in the occurrence and treatment of AD. METHODS This review first concluded the targets of OL differentiation and maturation with AD pathogenesis, and then advanced the key role of OLs in the pathogenesis of AD based on both clinic and basic experiments. Later, we extensively discussed the possible application of the current progress in the diagnosis and treatment of this complex disease. RESULTS Molecules involving in OLs' differentiation or maturation, including various transcriptional factors, cholesterol homeostasis regulators, and microRNAs could also participate in the pathogenesis of AD. Clinical data point towards the impairment of OLs in AD patients. Basic research further supports the central role of OLs in the regulation of AD pathologies. Additionally, classic drugs, including donepezil, edaravone, fluoxetine, and clemastine demonstrate their potential in remedying OL impairment in AD models, and new therapeutics from the perspective of OLs is constantly being developed. CONCLUSIONS We believe that OL dysfunction is one important pathogenesis of AD. Factors regulating OLs might be biomarkers for early diagnosis and agents stimulating OLs warrant the development of anti-AD drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingji Wang
- Center for Xin'an Medicine and Modernization of Traditional Chinese Medicine of IHM, and Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology (Brain Diseases)Anhui University of Chinese MedicineHefeiChina
- Acupuncture and Moxibustion Clinical Medical Research Center of Anhui ProvinceThe Second Affiliation Hospital of Anhui University of Chinese MedicineHefeiChina
| | - Yilan Zhen
- Center for Xin'an Medicine and Modernization of Traditional Chinese Medicine of IHM, and Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology (Brain Diseases)Anhui University of Chinese MedicineHefeiChina
| | - Jun Yang
- Center for Xin'an Medicine and Modernization of Traditional Chinese Medicine of IHM, and Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology (Brain Diseases)Anhui University of Chinese MedicineHefeiChina
- The First Affiliation Hospital of Anhui University of Chinese MedicineHefeiChina
| | - Shaojie Yang
- Center for Xin'an Medicine and Modernization of Traditional Chinese Medicine of IHM, and Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology (Brain Diseases)Anhui University of Chinese MedicineHefeiChina
| | - Guoqi Zhu
- Center for Xin'an Medicine and Modernization of Traditional Chinese Medicine of IHM, and Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology (Brain Diseases)Anhui University of Chinese MedicineHefeiChina
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Odell E, Jabassini N, Schniedewind B, Pease-Raissi SE, Frymoyer A, Christians U, Green AJ, Chan JR, Ostrem BEL. Minimum Effective Dose of Clemastine in a Mouse Model of Preterm White Matter Injury. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.02.08.578953. [PMID: 38464078 PMCID: PMC10925142 DOI: 10.1101/2024.02.08.578953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/12/2024]
Abstract
Background Preterm white matter injury (PWMI) is the most common cause of brain injury in premature neonates. PWMI involves a differentiation arrest of oligodendrocytes, the myelinating cells of the central nervous system. Clemastine was previously shown to induce oligodendrocyte differentiation and myelination in mouse models of PWMI at a dose of 10 mg/kg/day. The minimum effective dose (MED) of clemastine is unknown. Identification if the MED is essential for maximizing safety and efficacy in neonatal clinical trials. We hypothesized that the MED in neonatal mice is lower than 10 mg/kg/day. Methods Mouse pups were exposed to normoxia or hypoxia (10% FiO 2 ) from postnatal day 3 (P3) through P10. Vehicle or clemastine fumarate at one of four doses (0.5, 2, 7.5 or 10 mg/kg/day) was given orally to hypoxia-exposed pups. At P14, myelination was assessed by immunohistochemistry and electron microscopy to determine the MED. Clemastine pharmacokinetics were evaluated at steady-state on day 8 of treatment. Results Clemastine rescued hypoxia-induced hypomyelination with a MED of 7.5 mg/kg/day. Pharmacokinetic analysis of the MED revealed C max 44.0 ng/mL, t 1/2 4.6 hours, and AUC 24 280.1 ng*hr/mL. Conclusion Based on these results, myelination-promoting exposures should be achievable with oral doses of clemastine in neonates with PWMI. Key Points Preterm white matter injury (PWMI) is the most common cause of brain injury and cerebral palsy in premature neonates.Clemastine, an FDA-approved antihistamine, was recently identified to strongly promote myelination in a mouse model of PWMI and is a possible treatment.The minimum effective dose in neonatal rodents is unknown and is critical for guiding dose selection and balancing efficacy with toxicity in future clinical trials.We identified the minimum effective dose of clemastine and the associated pharmacokinetics in a murine chronic hypoxia model of PWMI, paving the way for a future clinical trial in human neonates.
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9
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Kamen Y, Evans KA, Sitnikov S, Spitzer SO, de Faria O, Yucel M, Káradóttir RT. Clemastine and metformin extend the window of NMDA receptor surface expression in ageing oligodendrocyte precursor cells. Sci Rep 2024; 14:4091. [PMID: 38374232 PMCID: PMC10876931 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-53615-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/21/2024] Open
Abstract
In the central nervous system, oligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPCs) proliferate and differentiate into myelinating oligodendrocytes throughout life, allowing for ongoing myelination and myelin repair. With age, differentiation efficacy decreases and myelin repair fails; therefore, recent therapeutic efforts have focused on enhancing differentiation. Many cues are thought to regulate OPC differentiation, including neuronal activity, which OPCs can sense and respond to via their voltage-gated ion channels and glutamate receptors. However, OPCs' density of voltage-gated ion channels and glutamate receptors differs with age and brain region, and correlates with their proliferation and differentiation potential, suggesting that OPCs exist in different functional cell states, and that age-associated states might underlie remyelination failure. Here, we use whole-cell patch-clamp to investigate whether clemastine and metformin, two pro-remyelination compounds, alter OPC membrane properties and promote a specific OPC state. We find that clemastine and metformin extend the window of NMDAR surface expression, promoting an NMDAR-rich OPC state. Our findings highlight a possible mechanism for the pro-remyelinating action of clemastine and metformin, and suggest that OPC states can be modulated as a strategy to promote myelin repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasmine Kamen
- Cambridge Stem Cell Institute and Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Cambridge, Jeffrey Cheah Biomedical Centre, Puddicombe Way, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, CB2 A0W, UK.
| | - Kimberley Anne Evans
- Cambridge Stem Cell Institute and Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Cambridge, Jeffrey Cheah Biomedical Centre, Puddicombe Way, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, CB2 A0W, UK
| | - Sergey Sitnikov
- Cambridge Stem Cell Institute and Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Cambridge, Jeffrey Cheah Biomedical Centre, Puddicombe Way, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, CB2 A0W, UK
| | - Sonia Olivia Spitzer
- Cambridge Stem Cell Institute and Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Cambridge, Jeffrey Cheah Biomedical Centre, Puddicombe Way, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, CB2 A0W, UK
| | - Omar de Faria
- Cambridge Stem Cell Institute and Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Cambridge, Jeffrey Cheah Biomedical Centre, Puddicombe Way, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, CB2 A0W, UK
| | - Mert Yucel
- Cambridge Stem Cell Institute and Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Cambridge, Jeffrey Cheah Biomedical Centre, Puddicombe Way, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, CB2 A0W, UK
| | - Ragnhildur Thóra Káradóttir
- Cambridge Stem Cell Institute and Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Cambridge, Jeffrey Cheah Biomedical Centre, Puddicombe Way, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, CB2 A0W, UK.
- Department of Physiology, BioMedical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland.
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Ibrahim SM, Kamel AS, Ahmed KA, Mohammed RA, Essam RM. The preferential effect of Clemastine on F3/Contactin-1/Notch-1 compared to Jagged-1/Notch-1 justifies its remyelinating effect in an experimental model of multiple sclerosis in rats. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 128:111481. [PMID: 38232534 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2023.111481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2023] [Revised: 12/30/2023] [Accepted: 12/30/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2024]
Abstract
Clemastine (CLM) is repurposed to enhance remyelination in multiple sclerosis (MS) patients. CLM blocks histamine and muscarinic receptors as negative regulators to oligodendrocyte differentiation. These receptors are linked to the canonical and non-canonical Notch-1 signaling via specific ligands; Jagged-1 and F3/Contactin-1, respectively. Yet, there are no previous studies showing the influence of CLM on Notch entities. Herein, the study aimed to investigate to which extent CLM aligns to one of the two Notch-1 arms in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) rat model. Three groups were utilized where first group received vehicles. The second group was injected by spinal cord homogenate mixed with complete Freund's adjuvant on days 0 and 7. In the third group, CLM (5 mg/kg/day; p.o) was administered for 15 days starting from the day of the first immunization. CLM ameliorated EAE-associated motor and gripping impairment in rotarod, open-field, and grip strength arena beside sensory anomalies in hot plate, cold allodynia, and mechanical Randall-Selitto tests. Additionally, CLM alleviated depressive mood observed in tail suspension test. These findings harmonized with histopathological examinations of Luxol-fast blue stain together with enhanced immunostaining of myelin basic protein and oligodendrocyte lineage gene 2 in corpus callosum and spinal cord. Additionally, CLM enhanced oligodendrocyte myelination and maturation by increasing 2',3'-cyclic nucleotide 3'-phosphodiesterase, proteolipid protein, aspartoacylase as well. CLM restored the level of F3/Contactin-1 in the diseased rats over Jagged-1 level; the ligand of the canonical pathway. This was accompanied by elevated gene expression of Deltex-1 and reduced hairy and enhancer-of-split homologs 1 and 5. Additionally, CLM suppressed microglial and astrocyte activation via reducing the expression of ionized calcium-binding adaptor molecule-1 as well as glial fibrillary acidic protein, respectively. These results outlined the remyelinating beneficence of CLM which could be due to augmenting the non-canonical Notch-1 signaling over the canonical one.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sherehan M Ibrahim
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Ahmed S Kamel
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt; Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Drug Technology, Egyptian Chinese University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Kawkab A Ahmed
- Pathology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Egypt
| | - Reham A Mohammed
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Reham M Essam
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt; Biology Department, School of Pharmacy, Newgiza University, Giza, Egypt
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11
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Kent SA, Miron VE. Microglia regulation of central nervous system myelin health and regeneration. Nat Rev Immunol 2024; 24:49-63. [PMID: 37452201 DOI: 10.1038/s41577-023-00907-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
Microglia are resident macrophages of the central nervous system that have key functions in its development, homeostasis and response to damage and infection. Although microglia have been increasingly implicated in contributing to the pathology that underpins neurological dysfunction and disease, they also have crucial roles in neurological homeostasis and regeneration. This includes regulation of the maintenance and regeneration of myelin, the membrane that surrounds neuronal axons, which is required for axonal health and function. Myelin is damaged with normal ageing and in several neurodegenerative diseases, such as multiple sclerosis and Alzheimer disease. Given the lack of approved therapies targeting myelin maintenance or regeneration, it is imperative to understand the mechanisms by which microglia support and restore myelin health to identify potential therapeutic approaches. However, the mechanisms by which microglia regulate myelin loss or integrity are still being uncovered. In this Review, we discuss recent work that reveals the changes in white matter with ageing and neurodegenerative disease, how this relates to microglia dynamics during myelin damage and regeneration, and factors that influence the regenerative functions of microglia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah A Kent
- UK Dementia Research Institute at The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- Centre for Discovery Brain Sciences, Chancellor's Building, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Veronique E Miron
- UK Dementia Research Institute at The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.
- Centre for Discovery Brain Sciences, Chancellor's Building, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.
- Barlo Multiple Sclerosis Centre, St Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
- Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, St Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
- Department of Immunology, The University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
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12
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Festa LK, Grinspan JB, Jordan-Sciutto KL. White matter injury across neurodegenerative disease. Trends Neurosci 2024; 47:47-57. [PMID: 38052682 PMCID: PMC10842057 DOI: 10.1016/j.tins.2023.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2023] [Revised: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 11/11/2023] [Indexed: 12/07/2023]
Abstract
Oligodendrocytes (OLs), the myelin-generating cells of the central nervous system (CNS), are active players in shaping neuronal circuitry and function. It has become increasingly apparent that injury to cells within the OL lineage plays a central role in neurodegeneration. In this review, we focus primarily on three degenerative disorders in which white matter loss is well documented: Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD), and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). We discuss clinical data implicating white matter injury as a key feature of these disorders, as well as shared and divergent phenotypes between them. We examine the cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying the alterations to OLs, including chronic neuroinflammation, aggregation of proteins, lipid dysregulation, and organellar stress. Last, we highlight prospects for therapeutic intervention targeting the OL lineage to restore function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lindsay K Festa
- Department of Oral Medicine, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Department of Neurology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Judith B Grinspan
- Department of Neurology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Kelly L Jordan-Sciutto
- Department of Oral Medicine, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
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13
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de Blank P, Nishiyama A, López-Juárez A. A new era for myelin research in Neurofibromatosis type 1. Glia 2023; 71:2701-2719. [PMID: 37382486 PMCID: PMC10592420 DOI: 10.1002/glia.24432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2022] [Revised: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/30/2023]
Abstract
Evidence for myelin regulating higher-order brain function and disease is rapidly accumulating; however, defining cellular/molecular mechanisms remains challenging partially due to the dynamic brain physiology involving deep changes during development, aging, and in response to learning and disease. Furthermore, as the etiology of most neurological conditions remains obscure, most research models focus on mimicking symptoms, which limits understanding of their molecular onset and progression. Studying diseases caused by single gene mutations represents an opportunity to understand brain dys/function, including those regulated by myelin. Here, we discuss known and potential repercussions of abnormal central myelin on the neuropathophysiology of Neurofibromatosis Type 1 (NF1). Most patients with this monogenic disease present with neurological symptoms diverse in kind, severity, and onset/decline, including learning disabilities, autism spectrum disorders, attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder, motor coordination issues, and increased risk for depression and dementia. Coincidentally, most NF1 patients show diverse white matter/myelin abnormalities. Although myelin-behavior links were proposed decades ago, no solid data can prove or refute this idea yet. A recent upsurge in myelin biology understanding and research/therapeutic tools provides opportunities to address this debate. As precision medicine moves forward, an integrative understanding of all cell types disrupted in neurological conditions becomes a priority. Hence, this review aims to serve as a bridge between fundamental cellular/molecular myelin biology and clinical research in NF1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter de Blank
- Department of Pediatrics, The Cure Starts Now Brain Tumor Center, University of Cincinnati and Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Akiko Nishiyama
- Department of Physiology and Neurobiology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut, USA
| | - Alejandro López-Juárez
- Department of Health and Biomedical Sciences, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, Brownsville, Texas, USA
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14
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Zou P, Wu C, Liu TCY, Duan R, Yang L. Oligodendrocyte progenitor cells in Alzheimer's disease: from physiology to pathology. Transl Neurodegener 2023; 12:52. [PMID: 37964328 PMCID: PMC10644503 DOI: 10.1186/s40035-023-00385-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 11/01/2023] [Indexed: 11/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Oligodendrocyte progenitor cells (OPCs) play pivotal roles in myelin formation and phagocytosis, communicating with neighboring cells and contributing to the integrity of the blood-brain barrier (BBB). However, under the pathological circumstances of Alzheimer's disease (AD), the brain's microenvironment undergoes detrimental changes that significantly impact OPCs and their functions. Starting with OPC functions, we delve into the transformation of OPCs to myelin-producing oligodendrocytes, the intricate signaling interactions with other cells in the central nervous system (CNS), and the fascinating process of phagocytosis, which influences the function of OPCs and affects CNS homeostasis. Moreover, we discuss the essential role of OPCs in BBB formation and highlight the critical contribution of OPCs in forming CNS-protective barriers. In the context of AD, the deterioration of the local microenvironment in the brain is discussed, mainly focusing on neuroinflammation, oxidative stress, and the accumulation of toxic proteins. The detrimental changes disturb the delicate balance in the brain, impacting the regenerative capacity of OPCs and compromising myelin integrity. Under pathological conditions, OPCs experience significant alterations in migration and proliferation, leading to impaired differentiation and a reduced ability to produce mature oligodendrocytes. Moreover, myelin degeneration and formation become increasingly active in AD, contributing to progressive neurodegeneration. Finally, we summarize the current therapeutic approaches targeting OPCs in AD. Strategies to revitalize OPC senescence, modulate signaling pathways to enhance OPC differentiation, and explore other potential therapeutic avenues are promising in alleviating the impact of AD on OPCs and CNS function. In conclusion, this review highlights the indispensable role of OPCs in CNS function and their involvement in the pathogenesis of AD. The intricate interplay between OPCs and the AD brain microenvironment underscores the complexity of neurodegenerative diseases. Insights from studying OPCs under pathological conditions provide a foundation for innovative therapeutic strategies targeting OPCs and fostering neurodegeneration. Future research will advance our understanding and management of neurodegenerative diseases, ultimately offering hope for effective treatments and improved quality of life for those affected by AD and related disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peibin Zou
- Laboratory of Exercise and Neurobiology, School of Physical Education and Sports Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
- Department of Neurology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, 1501 Kings Highway, Shreveport, LA, 71103, USA
| | - Chongyun Wu
- Laboratory of Exercise and Neurobiology, School of Physical Education and Sports Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Timon Cheng-Yi Liu
- Laboratory of Exercise and Neurobiology, School of Physical Education and Sports Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Rui Duan
- Laboratory of Exercise and Neurobiology, School of Physical Education and Sports Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Luodan Yang
- Laboratory of Exercise and Neurobiology, School of Physical Education and Sports Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
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15
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Mike JK, White Y, Hutchings RS, Vento C, Ha J, Iranmahboub A, Manzoor H, Gunewardena A, Cheah C, Wang A, Goudy BD, Lakshminrusimha S, Long-Boyle J, Fineman JR, Ferriero DM, Maltepe E. Effect of Clemastine on Neurophysiological Outcomes in an Ovine Model of Neonatal Hypoxic-Ischemic Encephalopathy. CHILDREN (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 10:1728. [PMID: 38002819 PMCID: PMC10670092 DOI: 10.3390/children10111728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Revised: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 10/21/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023]
Abstract
Originally approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for its antihistamine properties, clemastine can also promote white matter integrity and has shown promise in the treatment of demyelinating diseases such as multiple sclerosis. Here, we conducted an in-depth analysis of the feasibility, safety, and neuroprotective efficacy of clemastine administration in near-term lambs (n = 25, 141-143 days) following a global ischemic insult induced via an umbilical cord occlusion (UCO) model. Lambs were randomly assigned to receive clemastine or placebo postnatally, and outcomes were assessed over a six-day period. Clemastine administration was well tolerated. While treated lambs demonstrated improvements in inflammatory scores, their neurodevelopmental outcomes were unchanged.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jana Krystofova Mike
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA (R.S.H.); (A.I.); (C.C.); (D.M.F.)
| | - Yasmine White
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA (R.S.H.); (A.I.); (C.C.); (D.M.F.)
| | - Rachel S. Hutchings
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA (R.S.H.); (A.I.); (C.C.); (D.M.F.)
| | - Christian Vento
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA (R.S.H.); (A.I.); (C.C.); (D.M.F.)
| | - Janica Ha
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA (R.S.H.); (A.I.); (C.C.); (D.M.F.)
| | - Ariana Iranmahboub
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA (R.S.H.); (A.I.); (C.C.); (D.M.F.)
| | - Hadiya Manzoor
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA (R.S.H.); (A.I.); (C.C.); (D.M.F.)
| | - Anya Gunewardena
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA (R.S.H.); (A.I.); (C.C.); (D.M.F.)
| | - Cheryl Cheah
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA (R.S.H.); (A.I.); (C.C.); (D.M.F.)
| | - Aijun Wang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California Davis, Davis, CA 95817, USA;
| | - Brian D. Goudy
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California Davis, Davis, CA 95817, USA (S.L.)
| | | | - Janel Long-Boyle
- School of Pharmacy, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
- Initiative for Pediatric Drug and Device Development, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Jeffrey R. Fineman
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA (R.S.H.); (A.I.); (C.C.); (D.M.F.)
- Initiative for Pediatric Drug and Device Development, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Donna M. Ferriero
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA (R.S.H.); (A.I.); (C.C.); (D.M.F.)
- Department of Neurology, Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Emin Maltepe
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA (R.S.H.); (A.I.); (C.C.); (D.M.F.)
- Initiative for Pediatric Drug and Device Development, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
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16
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Jiang S, Wang X, Cao T, Kang R, Huang L. Insights on therapeutic potential of clemastine in neurological disorders. Front Mol Neurosci 2023; 16:1279985. [PMID: 37840769 PMCID: PMC10568021 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2023.1279985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2023] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Clemastine, a Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved compound, is recognized as a first-generation, widely available antihistamine that reduces histamine-induced symptoms. Evidence has confirmed that clemastine can transport across the blood-brain barrier and act on specific neurons and neuroglia to exert its protective effect. In this review, we summarize the beneficial effects of clemastine in various central nervous system (CNS) disorders, including neurodegenerative disease, neurodevelopmental deficits, brain injury, and psychiatric disorders. Additionally, we highlight key cellular links between clemastine and different CNS cells, in particular in oligodendrocyte progenitor cells (OPCs), oligodendrocytes (OLs), microglia, and neurons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sufang Jiang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Xueji Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Tianyu Cao
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Rongtian Kang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Lining Huang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
- The Key Laboratory of Neurology, Ministry of Education, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
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17
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Bohlen JF, Cleary CM, Das D, Sripathy SR, Sadowski N, Shim G, Kenney RF, Buchler IP, Banerji T, Scanlan TS, Mulkey DK, Maher BJ. Promyelinating drugs promote functional recovery in an autism spectrum disorder mouse model of Pitt-Hopkins syndrome. Brain 2023; 146:3331-3346. [PMID: 37068912 PMCID: PMC10393406 DOI: 10.1093/brain/awad057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Revised: 01/10/2023] [Accepted: 02/03/2023] [Indexed: 04/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Pitt-Hopkins syndrome is an autism spectrum disorder caused by autosomal dominant mutations in the human transcription factor 4 gene (TCF4). One pathobiological process caused by murine Tcf4 mutation is a cell autonomous reduction in oligodendrocytes and myelination. In this study, we show that the promyelinating compounds, clemastine, sobetirome and Sob-AM2 are effective at restoring myelination defects in a Pitt-Hopkins syndrome mouse model. In vitro, clemastine treatment reduced excess oligodendrocyte precursor cells and normalized oligodendrocyte density. In vivo, 2-week intraperitoneal administration of clemastine also normalized oligodendrocyte precursor cell and oligodendrocyte density in the cortex of Tcf4 mutant mice and appeared to increase the number of axons undergoing myelination, as EM imaging of the corpus callosum showed a significant increase in the proportion of uncompacted myelin and an overall reduction in the g-ratio. Importantly, this treatment paradigm resulted in functional rescue by improving electrophysiology and behaviour. To confirm behavioural rescue was achieved via enhancing myelination, we show that treatment with the thyroid hormone receptor agonist sobetirome or its brain penetrating prodrug Sob-AM2, was also effective at normalizing oligodendrocyte precursor cell and oligodendrocyte densities and behaviour in the Pitt-Hopkins syndrome mouse model. Together, these results provide preclinical evidence that promyelinating therapies may be beneficial in Pitt-Hopkins syndrome and potentially other neurodevelopmental disorders characterized by dysmyelination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph F Bohlen
- Lieber Institute for Brain Development, Johns Hopkins Medical Campus, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Colin M Cleary
- Department of Physiology and Neurobiology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA
| | - Debamitra Das
- Lieber Institute for Brain Development, Johns Hopkins Medical Campus, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Srinidhi Rao Sripathy
- Lieber Institute for Brain Development, Johns Hopkins Medical Campus, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Norah Sadowski
- Lieber Institute for Brain Development, Johns Hopkins Medical Campus, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
- Solomon H. Snyder Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Gina Shim
- Lieber Institute for Brain Development, Johns Hopkins Medical Campus, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Rakaia F Kenney
- Lieber Institute for Brain Development, Johns Hopkins Medical Campus, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Ingrid P Buchler
- Lieber Institute for Brain Development, Johns Hopkins Medical Campus, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Tapasree Banerji
- Department of Physiology & Pharmacology and Program in Chemical Biology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Thomas S Scanlan
- Department of Physiology & Pharmacology and Program in Chemical Biology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Daniel K Mulkey
- Department of Physiology and Neurobiology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA
| | - Brady J Maher
- Lieber Institute for Brain Development, Johns Hopkins Medical Campus, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
- Solomon H. Snyder Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
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18
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Hu YY, Ding XS, Yang G, Liang XS, Feng L, Sun YY, Chen R, Ma QH. Analysis of the influences of social isolation on cognition and the therapeutic potential of deep brain stimulation in a mouse model. Front Psychiatry 2023; 14:1186073. [PMID: 37409161 PMCID: PMC10318365 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1186073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 07/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Social interaction is a fundamental human need. Social isolation (SI) can have negative effects on both emotional and cognitive function. However, it is currently unclear how age and the duration of SI affect emotion and recognition function. In addition, there is no specific treatment for the effects of SI. Methods The adolescence or adult mice were individually housed in cages for 1, 6 or 12 months and for 2 months to estabolish SI mouse model. We investigated the effects of SI on behavior in mice at different ages and under distinct durations of SI, and we explored the possible underlying mechanisms. Then we performed deep brain stimulation (DBS) to evaluate its influences on SI induced behavioral abnormalities. Results We found that social recognition was affected in the short term, while social preference was damaged by extremely long periods of SI. In addition to affecting social memory, SI also affects emotion, short-term spatial ability and learning willingness in mice. Myelin was decreased significantly in the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) and dorsal hippocampus of socially isolated mice. Cellular activity in response to social stimulation in both areas was impaired by social isolation. By stimulating the mPFC using DBS, we found that DBS alleviated cellular activation disorders in the mPFC after long-term SI and improved social preference in mice. Conclusion Our results suggest that the therapeutic potential of stimulating the mPFC with DBS in individuals with social preference deficits caused by long-term social isolation, as well as the effects of DBS on the cellular activity and density of OPCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun-Yun Hu
- Department of Neurology and Clinical Research Center of Neurological Disease, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases and Institute of Neuroscience, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Sleep Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Xuan-Si Ding
- Department of Neurology and Clinical Research Center of Neurological Disease, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases and Institute of Neuroscience, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Gang Yang
- Lab Center, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Xue-Song Liang
- Department of Neurology and Clinical Research Center of Neurological Disease, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases and Institute of Neuroscience, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
- Second Clinical College, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Lei Feng
- Monash Suzhou Research Institute, Suzhou, China
| | - Yan-Yun Sun
- Department of Neurology and Clinical Research Center of Neurological Disease, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases and Institute of Neuroscience, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Rui Chen
- Department of Neurology and Clinical Research Center of Neurological Disease, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Sleep Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Quan-Hong Ma
- Department of Neurology and Clinical Research Center of Neurological Disease, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases and Institute of Neuroscience, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
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19
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Lau V, Ramer L, Tremblay MÈ. An aging, pathology burden, and glial senescence build-up hypothesis for late onset Alzheimer's disease. Nat Commun 2023; 14:1670. [PMID: 36966157 PMCID: PMC10039917 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-37304-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2022] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 03/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) predominantly occurs as a late onset (LOAD) form involving neurodegeneration and cognitive decline with progressive memory loss. Risk factors that include aging promote accumulation of AD pathologies, such as amyloid-beta and tau aggregates, as well as inflammation and oxidative stress. Homeostatic glial states regulate and suppress pathology buildup; inflammatory states exacerbate pathology by releasing pro-inflammatory cytokines. Multiple stresses likely induce glial senescence, which could decrease supportive functions and reinforce inflammation. In this perspective, we hypothesize that aging first drives AD pathology burden, whereafter AD pathology putatively induces glial senescence in LOAD. We hypothesize that increasing glial senescence, particularly local senescent microglia accumulation, sustains and drives perpetuating buildup and spread of AD pathologies, glial aging, and further senescence. We predict that increasing glial senescence, particularly local senescent microglia accumulation, also transitions individuals from healthy cognition into mild cognitive impairment and LOAD diagnosis. These pathophysiological underpinnings may centrally contribute to LOAD onset, but require further mechanistic investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victor Lau
- Division of Medical Sciences, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC, Canada.
- Institute on Aging and Lifelong Health, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC, Canada.
- Centre for Advanced Materials and Related Technology (CAMTEC), University of Victoria, Victoria, BC, Canada.
| | - Leanne Ramer
- Department of Biomedical Physiology & Kinesiology, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC, Canada.
| | - Marie-Ève Tremblay
- Division of Medical Sciences, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC, Canada.
- Institute on Aging and Lifelong Health, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC, Canada.
- Centre for Advanced Materials and Related Technology (CAMTEC), University of Victoria, Victoria, BC, Canada.
- Axe Neurosciences, Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada.
- Département de Médecine Moléculaire, Faculté de Médecine, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada.
- The Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada.
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Influence of the Mediterranean Diet on Healthy Aging. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24054491. [PMID: 36901921 PMCID: PMC10003249 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24054491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2023] [Revised: 02/18/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 03/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The life expectancy of the global population has increased. Aging is a natural physiological process that poses major challenges in an increasingly long-lived and frail population. Several molecular mechanisms are involved in aging. Likewise, the gut microbiota, which is influenced by environmental factors such as diet, plays a crucial role in the modulation of these mechanisms. The Mediterranean diet, as well as the components present in it, offer some proof of this. Achieving healthy aging should be focused on the promotion of healthy lifestyle habits that reduce the development of pathologies that are associated with aging, in order to increase the quality of life of the aging population. In this review we analyze the influence of the Mediterranean diet on the molecular pathways and the microbiota associated with more favorable aging patterns, as well as its possible role as an anti-aging treatment.
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21
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Han S, Gim Y, Jang EH, Hur EM. Functions and dysfunctions of oligodendrocytes in neurodegenerative diseases. Front Cell Neurosci 2022; 16:1083159. [PMID: 36605616 PMCID: PMC9807813 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2022.1083159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Neurodegenerative diseases (NDDs) are characterized by the progressive loss of selectively vulnerable populations of neurons, which is responsible for the clinical symptoms. Although degeneration of neurons is a prominent feature that undoubtedly contributes to and defines NDD pathology, it is now clear that neuronal cell death is by no means mediated solely by cell-autonomous mechanisms. Oligodendrocytes (OLs), the myelinating cells of the central nervous system (CNS), enable rapid transmission of electrical signals and provide metabolic and trophic support to neurons. Recent evidence suggests that OLs and their progenitor population play a role in the onset and progression of NDDs. In this review, we discuss emerging evidence suggesting a role of OL lineage cells in the pathogenesis of age-related NDDs. We start with multiple system atrophy, an NDD with a well-known oligodendroglial pathology, and then discuss Alzheimer's disease (AD) and Parkinson's disease (PD), NDDs which have been thought of as neuronal origins. Understanding the functions and dysfunctions of OLs might lead to the advent of disease-modifying strategies against NDDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seungwan Han
- Laboratory of Neuroscience, College of Veterinary Medicine and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea,BK21 Four Future Veterinary Medicine Leading Education and Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Yunho Gim
- Laboratory of Neuroscience, College of Veterinary Medicine and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea,BK21 Four Future Veterinary Medicine Leading Education and Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Eun-Hae Jang
- Laboratory of Neuroscience, College of Veterinary Medicine and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea,Comparative Medicine Disease Research Center, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Eun-Mi Hur
- Laboratory of Neuroscience, College of Veterinary Medicine and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea,BK21 Four Future Veterinary Medicine Leading Education and Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea,Comparative Medicine Disease Research Center, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea,Interdisciplinary Program in Neuroscience, College of Natural Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea,*Correspondence: Eun-Mi Hur,
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22
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Oligodendroglia are emerging players in several forms of learning and memory. Commun Biol 2022; 5:1148. [PMID: 36309567 PMCID: PMC9617857 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-022-04116-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2022] [Accepted: 10/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Synaptic plasticity is the fundamental cellular mechanism of learning and memory, but recent research reveals that myelin-forming glia, oligodendrocytes (OL), are also involved. They contribute in ways that synaptic plasticity cannot, and the findings have not been integrated into the established conceptual framework used in the field of learning and memory. OLs and their progenitors are involved in long-term memory, memory consolidation, working memory, and recall in associative learning. They also contribute to short-term memory and non-associative learning by affecting synaptic transmission, intrinsic excitability of axons, and neural oscillations. Oligodendroglial involvement expands the field beyond synaptic plasticity to system-wide network function, where precise spike time arrival and neural oscillations are critical in information processing, storage, and retrieval. A Perspective highlights current evidence that supports oligodendrocytes and their progenitors’ involvement in cognition and proposes that our understanding of learning and memory can be expanded beyond the classic view of synaptic plasticity to a system-wide network function.
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Hirschfeld LR, Risacher SL, Nho K, Saykin AJ. Myelin repair in Alzheimer's disease: a review of biological pathways and potential therapeutics. Transl Neurodegener 2022; 11:47. [PMID: 36284351 PMCID: PMC9598036 DOI: 10.1186/s40035-022-00321-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2022] [Accepted: 10/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
This literature review investigates the significant overlap between myelin-repair signaling pathways and pathways known to contribute to hallmark pathologies of Alzheimer's disease (AD). We discuss previously investigated therapeutic targets of amyloid, tau, and ApoE, as well as other potential therapeutic targets that have been empirically shown to contribute to both remyelination and progression of AD. Current evidence shows that there are multiple AD-relevant pathways which overlap significantly with remyelination and myelin repair through the encouragement of oligodendrocyte proliferation, maturation, and myelin production. There is a present need for a single, cohesive model of myelin homeostasis in AD. While determining a causative pathway is beyond the scope of this review, it may be possible to investigate the pathological overlap of myelin repair and AD through therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren Rose Hirschfeld
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA.
- Indiana Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA.
- Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA.
| | - Shannon L Risacher
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
- Indiana Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
- Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Kwangsik Nho
- Indiana Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
- Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
- School of Informatics and Computing, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Andrew J Saykin
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA.
- Indiana Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA.
- Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA.
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24
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Myatich A, Haque A, Sole C, Banik NL. Clemastine in remyelination and protection of neurons and skeletal muscle after spinal cord injury. Neural Regen Res 2022; 18:940-946. [PMID: 36254972 PMCID: PMC9827778 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.355749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Spinal cord injuries affect nearly five to ten individuals per million every year. Spinal cord injury causes damage to the nerves, muscles, and the tissue surrounding the spinal cord. Depending on the severity, spinal injuries are linked to degeneration of axons and myelin, resulting in neuronal impairment and skeletal muscle weakness and atrophy. The protection of neurons and promotion of myelin regeneration during spinal cord injury is important for recovery of function following spinal cord injury. Current treatments have little to no effect on spinal cord injury and neurogenic muscle loss. Clemastine, an Food and Drug Administration-approved antihistamine drug, reduces inflammation, protects cells, promotes remyelination, and preserves myelin integrity. Recent clinical evidence suggests that clemastine can decrease the loss of axons after spinal cord injury, stimulating the differentiation of oligodendrocyte progenitor cells into mature oligodendrocytes that are capable of myelination. While clemastine can aid not only in the remyelination and preservation of myelin sheath integrity, it also protects neurons. However, its role in neurogenic muscle loss remains unclear. This review discusses the pathophysiology of spinal cord injury, and the role of clemastine in the protection of neurons, myelin, and axons as well as attenuation of skeletal muscle loss following spinal cord injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Myatich
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA,Department of Neurosurgery, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - Azizul Haque
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA,Department of Neurosurgery, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA,Ralph H. Johnson Veterans Administration Medical Center, Charleston, SC, USA,Correspondence to: Azizul Haque, ; Naren L. Banik, .
| | - Christopher Sole
- Department of Health and Human Performance, The Citadel, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - Naren L. Banik
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA,Department of Neurosurgery, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA,Ralph H. Johnson Veterans Administration Medical Center, Charleston, SC, USA,Correspondence to: Azizul Haque, ; Naren L. Banik, .
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25
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Rubinski A, Franzmeier N, Dewenter A, Luan Y, Smith R, Strandberg O, Ossenkoppele R, Dichgans M, Hansson O, Ewers M. Higher levels of myelin are associated with higher resistance against tau pathology in Alzheimer’s disease. Alzheimers Res Ther 2022; 14:139. [PMID: 36153607 PMCID: PMC9508747 DOI: 10.1186/s13195-022-01074-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2022] [Accepted: 08/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Background In Alzheimer’s disease (AD), fibrillar tau initially occurs locally and progresses preferentially between closely connected regions. However, the underlying sources of regional vulnerability to tau pathology remain unclear. Previous brain-autopsy findings suggest that the myelin levels—which differ substantially between white matter tracts in the brain—are a key modulating factor of region-specific susceptibility to tau deposition. Here, we investigated whether myelination differences between fiber tracts of the human connectome are predictive of the interregional spreading of tau pathology in AD. Methods We included two independently recruited samples consisting of amyloid-PET-positive asymptomatic and symptomatic elderly individuals, in whom tau-PET was obtained at baseline (ADNI: n = 275; BioFINDER-1: n = 102) and longitudinally in a subset (ADNI: n = 123, mean FU = 1.53 [0.69–3.95] years; BioFINDER-1: n = 39, mean FU = 1.87 [1.21–2.78] years). We constructed MRI templates of the myelin water fraction (MWF) in 200 gray matter ROIs and connecting fiber tracts obtained from adult cognitively normal participants. Using the same 200 ROI brain-parcellation atlas, we obtained tau-PET ROI values from each individual in ADNI and BioFINDER-1. In a spatial regression analysis, we first tested the association between cortical myelin and group-average tau-PET signal in the amyloid-positive and control groups. Secondly, employing a previously established approach of modeling tau-PET spreading based on functional connectivity between ROIs, we estimated in a linear regression analysis, whether the level of fiber-tract myelin modulates the association between functional connectivity and longitudinal tau-PET spreading (i.e., covariance) between ROIs. Results We found that higher myelinated cortical regions show lower tau-PET uptake (ADNI: rho = − 0.267, p < 0.001; BioFINDER-1: rho = − 0.175, p = 0.013). Fiber-tract myelin levels modulated the association between functional connectivity and tau-PET spreading, such that at higher levels of fiber-tract myelin, the association between stronger connectivity and higher covariance of tau-PET between the connected ROIs was attenuated (interaction fiber-tract myelin × functional connectivity: ADNI: β = − 0.185, p < 0.001; BioFINDER-1: β = − 0.166, p < 0.001). Conclusion Higher levels of myelin are associated with lower susceptibility of the connected regions to accumulate fibrillar tau. These results enhance our understanding of brain substrates that explain regional variation in tau accumulation and encourage future studies to investigate potential underlying mechanisms. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13195-022-01074-9.
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26
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Palma A, Chara JC, Montilla A, Otxoa-de-Amezaga A, Ruíz-Jaén F, Planas AM, Matute C, Pérez-Samartín A, Domercq M. Clemastine Induces an Impairment in Developmental Myelination. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:841548. [PMID: 35372341 PMCID: PMC8970281 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.841548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2021] [Accepted: 02/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abnormalities in myelination are associated to behavioral and cognitive dysfunction in neurodevelopmental psychiatric disorders. Thus, therapies to promote or accelerate myelination could potentially ameliorate symptoms in autism. Clemastine, a histamine H1 antagonist with anticholinergic properties against muscarinic M1 receptor, is the most promising drug with promyelinating properties. Clemastine penetrates the blood brain barrier efficiently and promotes remyelination in different animal models of neurodegeneration including multiple sclerosis, ischemia and Alzheimer’s disease. However, its role in myelination during development is unknown. We showed that clemastine treatment during development increased oligodendrocyte differentiation in both white and gray matter. However, despite the increase in the number of oligodendrocytes, conduction velocity of myelinated fibers of corpus callosum decreased in clemastine treated mice. Confocal and electron microscopy showed a reduction in the number of myelinated axons and nodes of Ranvier and a reduction of myelin thickness in corpus callosum. To understand the mechanisms leading to myelin formation impairment in the presence of an excess of myelinating oligodendrocytes, we focused on microglial cells that also express muscarinic M1 receptors. Importantly, the population of CD11c+ microglia cells, necessary for myelination, as well as the levels of insulin growth factor-1 decrease in clemastine-treated mice. Altogether, these data suggest that clemastine impact on myelin development is more complex than previously thought and could be dependent on microglia-oligodendrocyte crosstalk. Further studies are needed to clarify the role of microglia cells on developmental myelination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Palma
- Achucarro Basque Center for Neuroscience and Department of Neurosciences, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Leioa, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Leioa, Spain
| | - Juan Carlos Chara
- Achucarro Basque Center for Neuroscience and Department of Neurosciences, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Leioa, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Leioa, Spain
| | - Alejandro Montilla
- Achucarro Basque Center for Neuroscience and Department of Neurosciences, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Leioa, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Leioa, Spain
| | - Amaia Otxoa-de-Amezaga
- Achucarro Basque Center for Neuroscience and Department of Neurosciences, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Leioa, Spain
| | - Francisca Ruíz-Jaén
- Department of Neuroscience and Experimental Therapeutics, Institute for Biomedical Research of Barcelona (IIBB), Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Anna M. Planas
- Department of Neuroscience and Experimental Therapeutics, Institute for Biomedical Research of Barcelona (IIBB), Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Carlos Matute
- Achucarro Basque Center for Neuroscience and Department of Neurosciences, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Leioa, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Leioa, Spain
| | - Alberto Pérez-Samartín
- Achucarro Basque Center for Neuroscience and Department of Neurosciences, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Leioa, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Leioa, Spain
| | - María Domercq
- Achucarro Basque Center for Neuroscience and Department of Neurosciences, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Leioa, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Leioa, Spain
- *Correspondence: María Domercq,
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27
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Benitez A, Jensen JH, Thorn K, Dhiman S, Fountain-Zaragoza S, Rieter WJ, Spampinato MV, Hamlett ED, Nietert PJ, Falangola MDF, Helpern JA. Greater diffusion restriction in white matter in Preclinical Alzheimer's disease. Ann Neurol 2022; 91:864-877. [PMID: 35285067 DOI: 10.1002/ana.26353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2021] [Revised: 02/14/2022] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The Alzheimer's Continuum is biologically defined by beta-amyloid deposition which, at the earliest stages, is superimposed upon white matter degeneration in aging. However, the extent to which these co-occurring changes are characterized is relatively under-explored. The goal of this study was to use Diffusional Kurtosis Imaging (DKI) and biophysical modeling to detect and describe amyloid-related white matter changes in preclinical Alzheimer's disease (AD). METHODS Cognitively unimpaired participants ages 45-85 completed brain MRI, amyloid PET (florbetapir), neuropsychological testing, and other clinical measures at baseline in a cohort study. We tested whether beta amyloid-negative (AB-) and -positive (AB+) participants differed on DKI-based conventional (i.e. Fractional Anisotropy [FA], Mean Diffusivity [MD], Mean Kurtosis [MK]) and modeling (i.e. Axonal Water Fraction [AWF], extra-axonal radial diffusivity [De,⊥ ]) metrics, and whether these metrics were associated with other biomarkers. RESULTS We found significantly greater diffusion restriction (higher FA/AWF, lower MD/ De,⊥ ) in white matter in AB+ than AB- (partial η2 = 0.08-0.19), more notably in the extra-axonal space within primarily late-myelinating tracts. Diffusion metrics predicted amyloid status incrementally over age (AUC=0.84) with modest yet selective associations, where AWF (a marker of axonal density) correlated with speed/executive functions and neurodegeneration, whereas De,⊥ (a marker of gliosis/myelin repair) correlated with amyloid deposition and white matter hyperintensity volume. INTERPRETATION These results support prior evidence of a non-monotonic change in diffusion behavior, where an early increase in diffusion restriction is hypothesized to reflect inflammation and myelin repair prior to an ensuing decrease in diffusion restriction, indicating glial and neuronal degeneration. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreana Benitez
- Department of Neurology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
- Center for Biomedical Imaging, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
- Department of Radiology and Radiological Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - Jens H Jensen
- Center for Biomedical Imaging, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
- Department of Neuroscience, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - Kathryn Thorn
- Department of Neurology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
- Department of Neuroscience, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - Siddhartha Dhiman
- Department of Neuroscience, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - Stephanie Fountain-Zaragoza
- Department of Neurology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
- Center for Biomedical Imaging, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - William J Rieter
- Department of Radiology and Radiological Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - Maria Vittoria Spampinato
- Department of Radiology and Radiological Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - Eric D Hamlett
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - Paul J Nietert
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - Maria de Fatima Falangola
- Center for Biomedical Imaging, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
- Department of Neuroscience, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - Joseph A Helpern
- Center for Biomedical Imaging, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
- Department of Neuroscience, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
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28
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Liu RM. Aging, Cellular Senescence, and Alzheimer's Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:1989. [PMID: 35216123 PMCID: PMC8874507 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23041989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 42.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2022] [Revised: 02/07/2022] [Accepted: 02/08/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Aging is the greatest risk factor for late-onset Alzheimer's disease (LOAD), which accounts for >95% of Alzheimer's disease (AD) cases. The mechanism underlying the aging-related susceptibility to LOAD is unknown. Cellular senescence, a state of permanent cell growth arrest, is believed to contribute importantly to aging and aging-related diseases, including AD. Senescent astrocytes, microglia, endothelial cells, and neurons have been detected in the brain of AD patients and AD animal models. Removing senescent cells genetically or pharmacologically ameliorates β-amyloid (Aβ) peptide and tau-protein-induced neuropathologies, and improves memory in AD model mice, suggesting a pivotal role of cellular senescence in AD pathophysiology. Nonetheless, although accumulated evidence supports the role of cellular senescence in aging and AD, the mechanisms that promote cell senescence and how senescent cells contribute to AD neuropathophysiology remain largely unknown. This review summarizes recent advances in this field. We believe that the removal of senescent cells represents a promising approach toward the effective treatment of aging-related diseases, such as AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui-Ming Liu
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294-0006, USA
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29
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Moura DMS, Brennan EJ, Brock R, Cocas LA. Neuron to Oligodendrocyte Precursor Cell Synapses: Protagonists in Oligodendrocyte Development and Myelination, and Targets for Therapeutics. Front Neurosci 2022; 15:779125. [PMID: 35115904 PMCID: PMC8804499 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2021.779125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2021] [Accepted: 12/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The development of neuronal circuitry required for cognition, complex motor behaviors, and sensory integration requires myelination. The role of glial cells such as astrocytes and microglia in shaping synapses and circuits have been covered in other reviews in this journal and elsewhere. This review summarizes the role of another glial cell type, oligodendrocytes, in shaping synapse formation, neuronal circuit development, and myelination in both normal development and in demyelinating disease. Oligodendrocytes ensheath and insulate neuronal axons with myelin, and this facilitates fast conduction of electrical nerve impulses via saltatory conduction. Oligodendrocytes also proliferate during postnatal development, and defects in their maturation have been linked to abnormal myelination. Myelination also regulates the timing of activity in neural circuits and is important for maintaining the health of axons and providing nutritional support. Recent studies have shown that dysfunction in oligodendrocyte development and in myelination can contribute to defects in neuronal synapse formation and circuit development. We discuss glutamatergic and GABAergic receptors and voltage gated ion channel expression and function in oligodendrocyte development and myelination. We explain the role of excitatory and inhibitory neurotransmission on oligodendrocyte proliferation, migration, differentiation, and myelination. We then focus on how our understanding of the synaptic connectivity between neurons and OPCs can inform future therapeutics in demyelinating disease, and discuss gaps in the literature that would inform new therapies for remyelination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela M. S. Moura
- Department of Biology, Santa Clara University, Santa Clara, CA, United States
| | - Emma J. Brennan
- Department of Biology, Santa Clara University, Santa Clara, CA, United States
| | - Robert Brock
- Department of Biology, Santa Clara University, Santa Clara, CA, United States
| | - Laura A. Cocas
- Department of Biology, Santa Clara University, Santa Clara, CA, United States
- Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
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