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Huggins LG, Namgyel U, Wangchuk P, Atapattu U, Traub R, Colella V. Metabarcoding using nanopore sequencing enables identification of diverse and zoonotic vector-borne pathogens from neglected regions: A case study investigating dogs from Bhutan. One Health 2024; 19:100839. [PMID: 39005237 PMCID: PMC11238191 DOI: 10.1016/j.onehlt.2024.100839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2024] [Revised: 06/12/2024] [Accepted: 06/13/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024] Open
Abstract
The diversity and prevalence of canine vector-borne pathogens (VBPs) in Bhutan have to date remained unexplored, whilst recent epidemiological surveys in other South Asian nations have found diseases caused by VBPs to be rife in local dog populations. Importantly, many of such VBPs can infect people as well, with a building body of evidence identifying potentially zoonotic rickettsial organisms infecting humans in Bhutan. Given the lack of data on canine pathogens in Bhutan we employed a suite of deep-sequencing metabarcoding methods using Oxford Nanopore Technologies' MinION™ device to holistically characterise the bacterial, apicomplexan and filarial worm blood-borne pathogens of dogs in the country's south. Of the 95 stray, owned and community dogs sampled 78% (95% CI = 69%-85%) were infected with at least one VBP. Pathogen species detected were highly diverse including the bacteria Mycoplasma haemocanis in 16% (95% CI: 10-24%), Ehrlichia canis in 4% (95% CI: 2-10%), Anaplasma platys in 2% (95% CI: 0.5-7%) of dogs as well as the zoonotic species Bartonella clarridgeiae in 1% (95% CI: 0.1-6%), a potentially novel Bartonella spp. and an Ehrlichia chaffeensis-like bacterium, both in 1% (95% CI: 0.1-6%) of dogs. The apicomplexan haemoparasites Hepatozoon canis in 62% (95% CI: 52-71%), Babesia gibsoni in 45% (95% CI: 36-55%) and Babesia vogeli in 3% (95% CI: 1-9%) of dogs were also detected. Finally, 5% (95% CI: 2-12%) of dogs were found to be infected with the filarioid Acanthocheilonema reconditum and 1% (95% CI: 0.1-6%) with zoonotic Dirofilaria sp. hongkongensis. One canine was found positive to the filarioid Setaria tundra, a species normally found infecting cervids. The elucidated diversity of VBP communities highlights the strength of assumption-free diagnostics, such as metabarcoding, in detecting rare, novel, and unexpected pathogens. This approach to identifying pathogen diversity is of critical importance when investigating regions and populations that have thus far been neglected, with the findings aiding the development of future One Health informed strategies for disease control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucas G. Huggins
- Melbourne Veterinary School, Faculty of Science, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3050, Australia
| | - Ugyen Namgyel
- National Centre for Animal Health, Serbithang, Thimphu 11001, Bhutan
| | - Pelden Wangchuk
- National Centre for Animal Health, Serbithang, Thimphu 11001, Bhutan
| | - Ushani Atapattu
- Melbourne Veterinary School, Faculty of Science, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3050, Australia
| | - Rebecca Traub
- Melbourne Veterinary School, Faculty of Science, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3050, Australia
- CityU Jockey Club College of Veterinary Medicine and Life Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Vito Colella
- Melbourne Veterinary School, Faculty of Science, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3050, Australia
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Yan S, Liu T, Zhao H, Zhao C, Zhu Y, Dai W, Sun W, Wang H, Sun J, Zhao L, Xu D. Colorectal cancer-specific microbiome in peripheral circulation and cancer tissues. Front Microbiol 2024; 15:1422536. [PMID: 39234556 PMCID: PMC11371800 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1422536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2024] [Accepted: 08/02/2024] [Indexed: 09/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Accumulating evidence has supported that gut microbiota and metabolite profiles play indispensable roles in the pathogenesis of colorectal cancer (CRC), which ranks as the third most common cancer and the second leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. However, alterations in tumoral or circulating microbiomes in CRC remain incompletely understood. It has been well-documented that tissue or serum microbiomes with low microbial biomass could be screened by use of 2bRAD sequencing for microbiome (2bRAD-M) at the species resolution. Methods In order to validate the microbial biomarkers distinguishing CRC and the variations in microorganisms present in serum and tumors, we performed 2bRAD-M to characterize the microbiomes in serum and cancer tissues of CRC patients with and without lymph node or liver metastasis. Results The composition of dominated microbiota in serum was different from that of tissue samples, while the microbial community composition of tumors was similar to that of the tumor-adjacent tissues. The analysis of α-diversity and β-diversity has revealed notable variations in serum microbiota diversities in CRC patients, particularly those with liver metastasis. Multiple CRC-specific microbial species, such as Moraxella A cinereus, Flavobacterium sp001800905, and Acinetobacter albensis, were identified in serum. Complicated functions and KEGG pathways were also confirmed in CRC according to the metastasis status. Discussion This study has found significant alterations in the microbial compositions and diversities in CRC and CRC-specific microbial species in both circulation and cancer tissues, which may serve as promising biomarkers for the screening, diagnosis and prognosis prediction of CRC. In particular, CRC-specific bacterial taxa are promising markers, holding transformative potentials in establishing personalized screening and risk stratification, refining much earlier non-invasive diagnostic approaches, and enhancing diagnostic sensitivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shushan Yan
- Department of Gastrointestinal and Anal Diseases Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang, China
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, United States
| | - Tie Liu
- Department of Anorectal Surgery, Weifang People's Hospital, Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Haobin Zhao
- Central Laboratory, Weifang People's Hospital, Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Chunbo Zhao
- Department of Anorectal Surgery, Weifang People's Hospital, Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Yuxin Zhu
- Central Laboratory, Weifang People's Hospital, Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Wenqing Dai
- Central Laboratory, Weifang People's Hospital, Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Wenchang Sun
- Central Laboratory, Weifang People's Hospital, Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Honggang Wang
- Clinical Laboratory, Weifang People's Hospital, Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Junxi Sun
- Department of Anorectal Surgery, Weifang People's Hospital, Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Lu Zhao
- Central Laboratory, Weifang People's Hospital, Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang, China
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Shandong Laibo Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Jinan, China
| | - Donghua Xu
- Central Laboratory, Weifang People's Hospital, Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang, China
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Weifang People's Hospital, Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang, China
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Nikitina D, Lukosevicius R, Tilinde D, Muskieta T, Hov JR, Melum E, Klovins J, Org E, Kiudelis G, Kupcinskas J, Skieceviciene J. Cell-Free Microbial DNA Analysis: Effects of Blood Plasma and Serum Quantity, Biobanking Protocols, and Isolation Kits. Biopreserv Biobank 2024; 22:363-372. [PMID: 38416864 DOI: 10.1089/bio.2023.0048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Recent studies highlight the presence of bacterial sequences in the human blood, suggesting potential clinical significance for circulating microbial signatures. These sequences could presumably serve in the diagnosis, prediction, or monitoring of various health conditions. Ensuring the similarity of samples before bacterial analysis is crucial, especially when combining samples from different biobanks prepared under varying conditions (such as different DNA extraction kits, centrifugation conditions, blood collection tubes, etc.). In this study, we aimed to analyze the impact of different sample collection and nucleic acid extraction criteria (blood collection tube, centrifugation, input volume, and DNA extraction kit) on circulating bacterial composition. Blood samples from four healthy individuals were collected into three different sample collection tubes: K2EDTA plasma tube, sodium citrate plasma tube, and gel tube for blood serum. Tubes were centrifugated at standard and double centrifugation conditions. DNA extraction was performed using 100, 200, and 500 μL plasma/serum input volumes. DNA extraction was performed using three different isolation kits: Norgen plasma/serum cell-free circulating DNA purification micro kit, Applied Biosystems MagMAX cell-free DNA isolation kit, and Qiagen QIAamp MinElute cell-free circulating DNA mini kit. All samples were subjected to 16S rRNA V1-V2 library preparation and sequencing. In total, 216 DNA and 18 water control samples were included in the study. According to PERMANOVA, PCoA, Mann-Whitney, and FDR tests the effect of the DNA extraction kit on the microbiota composition was the greatest, whereas the type of blood collection tube, centrifugation type, and sample input volume for the extraction had minor effects. Samples extracted with the Norgen DNA extraction kit were enriched with Gram-negative bacteria, whereas samples extracted with the Qiagen and MagMAX kits were enriched with Gram-positive bacteria. Bacterial profiles of samples prepared with the Qiagen and MagMAX DNA extraction kits were more similar, whereas samples prepared with the Norgen DNA extraction kit were significantly different from other groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Darja Nikitina
- Laboratory of Clinical and Molecular Gastroenterology, Institute for Digestive Research, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Rokas Lukosevicius
- Laboratory of Clinical and Molecular Gastroenterology, Institute for Digestive Research, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Deimante Tilinde
- Laboratory of Clinical and Molecular Gastroenterology, Institute for Digestive Research, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Tomas Muskieta
- Laboratory of Clinical and Molecular Gastroenterology, Institute for Digestive Research, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Johannes Roksund Hov
- Norwegian PSC Research Center, Department of Transplantation Medicine, Division of Surgery, Inflammatory Diseases and Transplantation, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- Research Institute of Internal Medicine, Division of Surgery, Inflammatory Diseases and Transplantation, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Section of Gastroenterology, Department of Transplantation Medicine, Division of Surgery, Inflammatory Diseases and Transplantation, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Espen Melum
- Norwegian PSC Research Center, Department of Transplantation Medicine, Division of Surgery, Inflammatory Diseases and Transplantation, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- Research Institute of Internal Medicine, Division of Surgery, Inflammatory Diseases and Transplantation, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Section of Gastroenterology, Department of Transplantation Medicine, Division of Surgery, Inflammatory Diseases and Transplantation, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- Faculty of Medicine, Hybrid Technology Hub Centre of Excellence, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Janis Klovins
- Latvian Biomedical Research and Study Center, Riga, Latvia
| | - Elin Org
- Institute of Genomics, Estonian Genome Centre, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Gediminas Kiudelis
- Laboratory of Clinical and Molecular Gastroenterology, Institute for Digestive Research, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas, Lithuania
- Department of Gastroenterology, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Juozas Kupcinskas
- Laboratory of Clinical and Molecular Gastroenterology, Institute for Digestive Research, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas, Lithuania
- Department of Gastroenterology, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Jurgita Skieceviciene
- Laboratory of Clinical and Molecular Gastroenterology, Institute for Digestive Research, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas, Lithuania
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Kyriazi AA, Karaglani M, Agelaki S, Baritaki S. Intratumoral Microbiome: Foe or Friend in Reshaping the Tumor Microenvironment Landscape? Cells 2024; 13:1279. [PMID: 39120310 PMCID: PMC11312414 DOI: 10.3390/cells13151279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2024] [Revised: 07/23/2024] [Accepted: 07/25/2024] [Indexed: 08/10/2024] Open
Abstract
The role of the microbiome in cancer and its crosstalk with the tumor microenvironment (TME) has been extensively studied and characterized. An emerging field in the cancer microbiome research is the concept of the intratumoral microbiome, which refers to the microbiome residing within the tumor. This microbiome primarily originates from the local microbiome of the tumor-bearing tissue or from translocating microbiome from distant sites, such as the gut. Despite the increasing number of studies on intratumoral microbiome, it remains unclear whether it is a driver or a bystander of oncogenesis and tumor progression. This review aims to elucidate the intricate role of the intratumoral microbiome in tumor development by exploring its effects on reshaping the multileveled ecosystem in which tumors thrive, the TME. To dissect the complexity and the multitude of layers within the TME, we distinguish six specialized tumor microenvironments, namely, the immune, metabolic, hypoxic, acidic, mechanical and innervated microenvironments. Accordingly, we attempt to decipher the effects of the intratumoral microbiome on each specialized microenvironment and ultimately decode its tumor-promoting or tumor-suppressive impact. Additionally, we portray the intratumoral microbiome as an orchestrator in the tumor milieu, fine-tuning the responses in distinct, specialized microenvironments and remodeling the TME in a multileveled and multifaceted manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Athina A. Kyriazi
- Laboratory of Experimental Oncology, Division of Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Crete, 71500 Heraklion, Greece;
| | - Makrina Karaglani
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Department of Medicine, Democritus University of Thrace, 68100 Alexandroupolis, Greece;
- Laboratory of Hygiene and Environmental Protection, Democritus University of Thrace, 68100 Alexandroupolis, Greece
| | - Sofia Agelaki
- Laboratory of Translational Oncology, School of Medicine, University of Crete, 71500 Heraklion, Greece;
| | - Stavroula Baritaki
- Laboratory of Experimental Oncology, Division of Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Crete, 71500 Heraklion, Greece;
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Yuan X, Yang X, Xu Z, Li J, Sun C, Chen R, Wei H, Chen L, Du H, Li G, Yang Y, Chen X, Cui L, Fu J, Wu J, Chen Z, Fang X, Su Z, Zhang M, Wu J, Chen X, Zhou J, Luo Y, Zhang L, Wang R, Luo F. The profile of blood microbiome in new-onset type 1 diabetes children. iScience 2024; 27:110252. [PMID: 39027370 PMCID: PMC11255850 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2024.110252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Revised: 02/09/2024] [Accepted: 06/10/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Blood microbiome signatures in patients with type 1 diabetes (T1D) remain unclear. We profile blood microbiome using 16S rRNA gene sequencing in 77 controls and 64 children with new-onset T1D, and compared it with the gut and oral microbiomes. The blood microbiome of patients with T1D is characterized by increased diversity and perturbed microbial features, with a significant increase in potentially pathogenic bacteria compared with controls. Thirty-six representative genera of blood microbiome were identified by random forest analysis, providing strong discriminatory power for T1D with an AUC of 0.82. PICRUSt analysis suggested that bacteria capable of inducing inflammation were more likely to enter the bloodstream in T1D. The overlap of the gut and oral microbiome with the blood microbiome implied potential translocation of bacteria from the gut and oral cavity to the bloodstream. Our study raised the necessity of further mechanistic investigations into the roles of blood microbiome in T1D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxiao Yuan
- Department of Pediatric Endocrinology and Inherited Metabolic Diseases, Children’s Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai 201102, China
| | - Xin Yang
- Shanghai Innovation Center of TCM Health Service, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200120, China
- Department of Food Science and Technology, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
- Section of Endocrinology, Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06511, United States
| | - Zhenran Xu
- Department of Pediatric Endocrinology and Inherited Metabolic Diseases, Children’s Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai 201102, China
| | - Jie Li
- Shanghai Innovation Center of TCM Health Service, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200120, China
- Teaching and Research Division, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - ChengJun Sun
- Department of Pediatric Endocrinology and Inherited Metabolic Diseases, Children’s Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai 201102, China
| | - Ruimin Chen
- Fuzhou Children’s Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350000, China
| | - Haiyan Wei
- Department of Endocrinology and Inherited Metabolic, Children’s Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450000, China
| | - Linqi Chen
- Children’s Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215000, China
| | - Hongwei Du
- The First Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin 130000, China
| | - Guimei Li
- Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan 250021, China
| | - Yu Yang
- The Affiliated Children’s Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - Xiaojuan Chen
- Department of Endocrinology, Genetics and Metabolism, The Children’s Hospital of Shanxi Province, Taiyuan 030013, China
| | - Lanwei Cui
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Junfen Fu
- Department of Endocrinology, Children’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310005, China
| | - Jin Wu
- Department of Pediatrics, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Zhihong Chen
- Department of Neuroendocrinology Pediatrics, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Xin Fang
- Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou 350001, China
| | - Zhe Su
- Shenzhen Children’s Hospital, Shenzhen 518038, China
| | - Miaoying Zhang
- Department of Pediatric Endocrinology and Inherited Metabolic Diseases, Children’s Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai 201102, China
| | - Jing Wu
- Department of Pediatric Endocrinology and Inherited Metabolic Diseases, Children’s Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai 201102, China
| | - Xin Chen
- Shanghai Innovation Center of TCM Health Service, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200120, China
| | - Jiawei Zhou
- Shanghai Innovation Center of TCM Health Service, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200120, China
| | - Yue Luo
- Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Shanghai Innovation Center of TCM Health Service, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200120, China
| | - Ruirui Wang
- Shanghai Innovation Center of TCM Health Service, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200120, China
| | - Feihong Luo
- Department of Pediatric Endocrinology and Inherited Metabolic Diseases, Children’s Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai 201102, China
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Santacroce L, Charitos IA, Colella M, Palmirotta R, Jirillo E. Blood Microbiota and Its Products: Mechanisms of Interference with Host Cells and Clinical Outcomes. Hematol Rep 2024; 16:440-453. [PMID: 39051416 PMCID: PMC11270377 DOI: 10.3390/hematolrep16030043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2024] [Revised: 06/01/2024] [Accepted: 06/18/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024] Open
Abstract
In healthy conditions, blood was considered a sterile environment until the development of new analytical approaches that allowed for the detection of circulating bacterial ribosomal DNA. Currently, debate exists on the origin of the blood microbiota. According to advanced research using dark field microscopy, fluorescent in situ hybridization, flow cytometry, and electron microscopy, so-called microbiota have been detected in the blood. Conversely, others have reported no evidence of a common blood microbiota. Then, it was hypothesized that blood microbiota may derive from distant sites, e.g., the gut or external contamination of blood samples. Alteration of the blood microbiota's equilibrium may lead to dysbiosis and, in certain cases, disease. Cardiovascular, respiratory, hepatic, kidney, neoplastic, and immune diseases have been associated with the presence of Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria and/or their products in the blood. For instance, lipopolysaccharides (LPSs) and endotoxins may contribute to tissue damage, fueling chronic inflammation. Blood bacteria can interact with immune cells, especially with monocytes that engulf microorganisms and T lymphocytes via spontaneous binding to their membranes. Moreover, LPSs, extracellular vesicles, and outer membrane vesicles interact with red blood cells and immune cells, reaching distant organs. This review aims to describe the composition of blood microbiota in healthy individuals and those with disease conditions. Furthermore, special emphasis is placed on the interaction of blood microbiota with host cells to better understand disease mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luigi Santacroce
- Section of Microbiology and Virology, Interdisciplinary Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Bari ‘Aldo Moro’, 70124 Bari, Italy (R.P.); (E.J.)
| | - Ioannis Alexandros Charitos
- Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri IRCCS, Pneumology and Respiratory Rehabilitation Unit, Institute of Bari, 70124 Bari, Italy;
| | - Marica Colella
- Section of Microbiology and Virology, Interdisciplinary Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Bari ‘Aldo Moro’, 70124 Bari, Italy (R.P.); (E.J.)
- Doctoral School, eCampus University, 22060 Novedrate, Italy
| | - Raffaele Palmirotta
- Section of Microbiology and Virology, Interdisciplinary Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Bari ‘Aldo Moro’, 70124 Bari, Italy (R.P.); (E.J.)
| | - Emilio Jirillo
- Section of Microbiology and Virology, Interdisciplinary Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Bari ‘Aldo Moro’, 70124 Bari, Italy (R.P.); (E.J.)
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Massier L, Musat N, Stumvoll M, Tremaroli V, Chakaroun R, Kovacs P. Tissue-resident bacteria in metabolic diseases: emerging evidence and challenges. Nat Metab 2024; 6:1209-1224. [PMID: 38898236 DOI: 10.1038/s42255-024-01065-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]
Abstract
Although the impact of the gut microbiome on health and disease is well established, there is controversy regarding the presence of microorganisms such as bacteria and their products in organs and tissues. However, recent contamination-aware findings of tissue-resident microbial signatures provide accumulating evidence in support of bacterial translocation in cardiometabolic disease. The latter provides a distinct paradigm for the link between microbial colonizers of mucosal surfaces and host metabolism. In this Perspective, we re-evaluate the concept of tissue-resident bacteria including their role in metabolic low-grade tissue and systemic inflammation. We examine the limitations and challenges associated with studying low bacterial biomass samples and propose experimental and analytical strategies to overcome these issues. Our Perspective aims to encourage further investigation of the mechanisms linking tissue-resident bacteria to host metabolism and their potentially actionable health implications for prevention and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucas Massier
- Department of Medicine (H7), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Niculina Musat
- Aarhus University, Department of Biology, Section for Microbiology, Århus, Denmark
| | - Michael Stumvoll
- Medical Department III - Endocrinology, Nephrology, Rheumatology, University of Leipzig Medical Center, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Valentina Tremaroli
- Wallenberg Laboratory, Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Institute of Medicine, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Rima Chakaroun
- Medical Department III - Endocrinology, Nephrology, Rheumatology, University of Leipzig Medical Center, Leipzig, Germany.
- Wallenberg Laboratory, Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Institute of Medicine, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.
| | - Peter Kovacs
- Medical Department III - Endocrinology, Nephrology, Rheumatology, University of Leipzig Medical Center, Leipzig, Germany.
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8
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Henningsen K, Martinez I, Costa RJS. Exertional Stress-induced Pathogenic Luminal Content Translocation - Friend or Foe? Int J Sports Med 2024; 45:559-571. [PMID: 38286406 DOI: 10.1055/a-2235-1629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2024]
Abstract
The incidence of perturbed gastrointestinal integrity, as well as resulting systemic immune responses and gastrointestinal symptoms, otherwise known as exercised-induced gastrointestinal syndrome (EIGS), is common among individuals who partake in prolonged exercise. EIGS may cause the translocation of pathogenic material, including whole bacteria and bacterial endotoxins, from the lumen into circulation, which may progress into clinical consequences such as sepsis, and potentially subsequent fatality. However, further investigation is warranted to assess the possibility of food allergen and/or digestive enzyme luminal to circulatory translocation in response to exercise, and the clinical consequences. Findings from this narrative literature review demonstrate evidence that whole bacteria and bacterial endotoxins translocation from the gastrointestinal lumen to systemic circulation occurs in response to exercise stress, with a greater propensity of translocation occurring with accompanying heat exposure. It has also been demonstrated that food allergens can translocate from the lumen to systemic circulation in response to exercise stress and initiate anaphylaxis. To date, no research investigating the effect of exercise on the translocation of digestive enzymes from the lumen into systemic circulation exists. It is evident that EIGS and consequential pathogenic translocation presents life-threatening clinical implications, warranting the development and implementation of effective management strategies in at-risk populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kayla Henningsen
- Nutrition Dietetics & Food, Monash University Faculty of Medicine Nursing and Health Sciences, Notting Hill, Australia
| | - Isabel Martinez
- Nutrition Dietetics & Food, Monash University Faculty of Medicine Nursing and Health Sciences, Notting Hill, Australia
| | - Ricardo J S Costa
- Nutrition Dietetics & Food, Monash University Faculty of Medicine Nursing and Health Sciences, Notting Hill, Australia
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Heinz AT, Grumaz S, Slavetinsky C, Döring M, Queudeville M, Handgretinger R, Ebinger M. No evidence on infectious DNA-based agents in pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia using whole metagenome shotgun sequencing. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2024; 14:1355787. [PMID: 38975323 PMCID: PMC11224432 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2024.1355787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 05/24/2024] [Indexed: 07/09/2024] Open
Abstract
The etiology of pediatric acute lymphatic leukemia (ALL) is still unclear. Whole-metagenome shotgun sequencing of bone marrow samples in patients with treatment-naïve ALL (n=6) was performed for untargeted investigation of bacterial and viral DNA. The control group consisted of healthy children (n=4) and children with non-oncologic diseases (n=2) undergoing bone marrow sampling. Peripheral blood of all participants was investigated at the same time. After bioinformatical elimination of potential contaminants by comparison with the employed controls, no significant amounts of microbial or viral DNA were identified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amadeus T. Heinz
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, University Children´s Hospital Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
- Stuttgart Cancer Center, Zentrum für Kinder-, Jugend- und Frauenmedizin (Olgahospital), Pädiatrie 5 (Pädiatrische Onkologie, Hämatologie, Immunologie), Klinikum der Landeshauptstadt Stuttgart, Stuttgart, Germany
| | | | - Christoph Slavetinsky
- Department of Pediatric Surgery and Urology, University Children´s Hospital Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Michaela Döring
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, University Children´s Hospital Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Manon Queudeville
- Department for Stem Cell Transplantation and Immunology, Klinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf (UKE), Hamburg, Germany
| | | | - Martin Ebinger
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, University Children´s Hospital Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
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10
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Fu C, Zhang Y, Liang L, Lin H, Shan K, Liu F, Feng N. The microbiota in patients with interstitial cystitis/bladder pain syndrome: a systematic review. BJU Int 2024. [PMID: 38890150 DOI: 10.1111/bju.16439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/20/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To comprehensively review and critically assess the literature on microbiota differences between patients with interstitial cystitis (IC)/bladder pain syndrome (BPS) and normal controls and to provide clinical practice guidelines. MATERIALS AND METHODS In this systematic review, we evaluated previous research on microbiota disparities between IC/BPS and normal controls, as well as distinctions among IC/BPS subgroups. A comprehensive literature search was conducted across PubMed/MEDLINE, EMBASE, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials. Relevant studies were shortlisted based on predetermined inclusion and exclusion criteria, followed by quality assessment. The primary focus was identifying specific taxonomic variations among these cohorts. RESULTS A total of 12 studies met the selection criteria. Discrepancies were adjudicated by a third reviewer. The Newcastle-Ottawa Scale was used to assess study quality. Predominantly, the studies focused on disparities in urine microbiota between IC/BPS patients and normal controls, with one study examining gut microbiota differences between the groups, and two studies exploring vaginal microbiota distinctions. Unfortunately, analyses of discrepancies in other microbiota were limited. Our findings revealed evidence of distinct bacterial abundance variations, particularly involving Lactobacillus, alongside variations in specific metabolites among IC/BPS patients compared to controls. CONCLUSIONS Currently, there is evidence suggesting significant variations in the diversity and species composition of the urinary microbiota between individuals diagnosed with IC/BPS and control groups. In the foreseeable future, urologists should consider urine microbiota dysbiosis as a potential aetiology for IC, with potential clinical implications for diagnosis and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaowei Fu
- Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Yuwei Zhang
- Nantong University Medical School, Nantong, China
| | - Linghui Liang
- Department of Urology, Wuxi No. 2 Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, China
| | - Hao Lin
- Department of Urology, Wuxi No. 2 Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, China
| | - Kai Shan
- School of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Fengping Liu
- Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
- Department of Urology, Jiangnan University Medical Center, Wuxi, China
| | - Ninghan Feng
- Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
- Department of Urology, Jiangnan University Medical Center, Wuxi, China
- Department of Urology, Wuxi No. 2 Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, China
- Nantong University Medical School, Nantong, China
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11
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Neamatollahi AN, Tarashi S, Ebrahimzadeh N, Vaziri F, Zaheri Birgani MA, Aghasadeghi M, Fateh A, Davar Siadat S, Bouzari S. Blood and sputum microbiota composition in Afghan immigrants and Iranian subjects with pulmonary tuberculosis. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF MICROBIOLOGY 2024; 16:342-350. [PMID: 39005595 PMCID: PMC11245349 DOI: 10.18502/ijm.v16i3.15766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/16/2024]
Abstract
Background and Objectives TB infection is one of the most challengeable epidemiological issues. Complex interactions between microbiota and TB infection have been demonstrated. Alteration in microbial population during TB infection may act as a useful biomarker. The present study examined the microbiota patterns of blood and sputum samples collected from Afghan immigrants and Iranian patients with active TB. Materials and Methods Sixty active pulmonary TB patients were enrolled in the study. Blood and sputum samples were collected. To detect phylum bacterial composition in the blood and sputum samples, bacterial 16S rRNA quantification by Real-Time qPCR was performed. Results A significant decrease in Bacteroidetes in Iranian sputum and blood samples of Afghan immigrants and Iranian TB active subjects were seen. While, sputum samples of Afghan immigrants showed no significant differences in Bacteroidetes abundance among TB active and control. Firmicutes were also presented no significant difference between sputum samples of the two races. Actinobacteria showed a significant increase in Iranian and Afghan sputum samples while this phylum showed no significant abundance in Iranian and Afghan TB positive blood samples. Proteobacteria also showed an increase in sputum and blood samples of the two races. Conclusion An imbalance in Bacteroidetes and Firmicutes abundance may cause an alteration in the microbiota composition, resulting in dysregulated immune responses and resulting in the augmentation of opportunistic pathogens during TB infection, notably Proteobacteria and Actinobacteria. Evaluation of human microbiota under different conditions of TB infection can be critical to a deeper understanding of the disease control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Nour Neamatollahi
- Department of Mycobacteriology and Pulmonary Research, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Samira Tarashi
- Department of Mycobacteriology and Pulmonary Research, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nayereh Ebrahimzadeh
- Department of Mycobacteriology and Pulmonary Research, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Farzam Vaziri
- Department of Mycobacteriology and Pulmonary Research, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
- Microbiology Research Center (MRC), Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Mohammadreza Aghasadeghi
- Department of Hepatitis and AIDS, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
- Viral Vaccine Research Center, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Abolfazl Fateh
- Department of Mycobacteriology and Pulmonary Research, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
- Microbiology Research Center (MRC), Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyed Davar Siadat
- Department of Mycobacteriology and Pulmonary Research, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
- Microbiology Research Center (MRC), Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Saeid Bouzari
- Department of Molecular Biology, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
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12
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Wen X, Ogunrinde E, Wan Z, Cunningham M, Gilkeson G, Jiang W. Racial Differences in Plasma Microbial Translocation and Plasma Microbiome, Implications in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Disease Pathogenesis. ACR Open Rheumatol 2024; 6:365-374. [PMID: 38563441 PMCID: PMC11168915 DOI: 10.1002/acr2.11664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Revised: 02/04/2024] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Black groups have increased prevalence and accelerated pathogenicity of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) compared to other ethnic/racial groups. The microbiome and systemic microbial translocation are considered contributing factors to SLE disease pathogenesis. However, racial differences in the plasma microbiome and microbial translocation in lupus remain unknown. METHODS In the current study, we investigated plasma levels of microbial translocation (lipopolysaccharide [LPS] and zonulin) and the plasma microbiome using microbial 16S RNA sequencing of Black and White patients with SLE and Black and White healthy controls. RESULTS Plasma microbial translocation was increased in Black patients versus in White patients and in patients with SLE versus healthy controls regardless of race. Compared to sex, age, and disease status, race had the strongest association with plasma microbiome differences. Black groups (Black controls and Black patients) had lower α-diversity than White groups (White controls and White patients) and more distinct β-diversity. Black and White patients demonstrated differences in plasma bacterial presence, including Staphylococcus and Burkholderia. Compared to White patients, Black patients had higher SLE Disease Activity Index (SLEDAI) scores and urinary protein levels as well as a trend for increased anti-double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) antibody levels consistent with the known increased severity of lupus in Black patients overall. Certain plasma bacteria at the genus level were identified that were associated with the SLEDAI score, urinary protein, and anti-dsDNA antibody levels. CONCLUSION This study reveals racial differences in both quality and quantity of plasma microbial translocation and identified specific plasma microbiome differences associated with SLE disease pathogenesis. Thus, this study may provide new insights into future potential microbiome therapies on SLE pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Zhuang Wan
- Medical University of South CarolinaCharleston
| | | | - Gary Gilkeson
- Ralph H. Johnson Veterans Affairs Medical CenterCharlestonSouth Carolina
| | - Wei Jiang
- Ralph H. Johnson Veterans Affairs Medical CenterCharlestonSouth Carolina
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13
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Han D, Yu F, Zhang D, Hu J, Zhang X, Xiang D, Lou B, Chen Y, Zheng S. Molecular rapid diagnostic testing for bloodstream infections: Nanopore targeted sequencing with pathogen-specific primers. J Infect 2024; 88:106166. [PMID: 38670268 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinf.2024.106166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2024] [Revised: 04/01/2024] [Accepted: 04/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nanopore sequencing, known for real-time analysis, shows promise for rapid clinical infection diagnosis but lacks effective assays for bloodstream infections (BSIs). METHODS We prospectively assessed the performance of a novel nanopore targeted sequencing (NTS) assay in identifying pathogens and predicting antibiotic resistance in BSIs, analyzing 387 blood samples from December 2021 to April 2023. RESULTS The positivity rate for NTS (69.5 %, 269/387) nearly matches that of metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS) (74.7 %, 289/387; p = 0.128) and surpasses the positivity rate of conventional blood culture (BC) (33.9 %, 131/387; p < 0.01). Frequent pathogens detected by NTS included Klebsiella pneumoniae (n = 54), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (n = 36), Escherichia coli (n = 36), Enterococcus faecium(n = 30), Acinetobacter baumannii(n = 26), Staphylococcus aureus(n = 23), and Human cytomegalovirus (n = 37). Against a composite BSI diagnostic standard, NTS demonstrated a sensitivity and specificity of 84.0 % (95 % CI 79.5 %-87.7 %) and 90.1 % (95 % CI 81.7 %-88.5 %), respectively. The concordance between NTS and mNGS results (the percentage of total cases where both either detected BSI-related pathogens or were both negative) was 90.2 % (359/387), whereas the consistency between NTS and BC was only 60.2 % (233/387). In 80.6 % (50/62) of the samples with identical pathogens identified by both NTS tests and BCs, the genotypic resistance identified by NTS correlated with culture-confirmed phenotypic resistance. Using NTS, 95 % of samples can be tested and analyzed in approximately 7 h, allowing for early patient diagnosis. CONCLUSIONS NTS is rapid, sensitive, and efficient for detecting BSIs and drug-resistant genes, making it a potential preferred diagnostic tool for early infection identification in critically ill patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongsheng Han
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310003, China; Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Clinical In Vitro Diagnostic Techniques, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310003, China; Institute of Laboratory Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310003, China
| | - Fei Yu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310003, China; Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Clinical In Vitro Diagnostic Techniques, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310003, China; Institute of Laboratory Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310003, China
| | - Dan Zhang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310003, China; Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Clinical In Vitro Diagnostic Techniques, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310003, China; Institute of Laboratory Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310003, China
| | - Juan Hu
- Department of Critical Care Units, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310003, China
| | - Xuan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, China
| | - Dairong Xiang
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, China
| | - Bin Lou
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310003, China; Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Clinical In Vitro Diagnostic Techniques, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310003, China; Institute of Laboratory Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310003, China
| | - Yu Chen
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310003, China; Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Clinical In Vitro Diagnostic Techniques, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310003, China; Institute of Laboratory Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310003, China.
| | - Shufa Zheng
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310003, China; Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Clinical In Vitro Diagnostic Techniques, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310003, China; Institute of Laboratory Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310003, China.
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14
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Wainaina M, Lindahl JF, Mayer-Scholl A, Ufermann CM, Domelevo Entfellner JB, Roesler U, Roesel K, Grace D, Bett B, Al Dahouk S. Molecular and serological diagnosis of multiple bacterial zoonoses in febrile outpatients in Garissa County, north-eastern Kenya. Sci Rep 2024; 14:12263. [PMID: 38806576 PMCID: PMC11133362 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-62714-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 05/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Bacterial zoonoses are diseases caused by bacterial pathogens that can be naturally transmitted between humans and vertebrate animals. They are important causes of non-malarial fevers in Kenya, yet their epidemiology remains unclear. We investigated brucellosis, Q-fever and leptospirosis in the venous blood of 216 malaria-negative febrile patients recruited in two health centres (98 from Ijara and 118 from Sangailu health centres) in Garissa County in north-eastern Kenya. We determined exposure to the three zoonoses using serological (Rose Bengal test for Brucella spp., ELISA for C. burnetti and microscopic agglutination test for Leptospira spp.) and real-time PCR testing and identified risk factors for exposure. We also used non-targeted metagenomic sequencing on nine selected patients to assess the presence of other possible bacterial causes of non-malarial fevers. Considerable PCR positivity was found for Brucella (19.4%, 95% confidence intervals [CI] 14.2-25.5) and Leptospira spp. (1.7%, 95% CI 0.4-4.9), and high endpoint titres were observed against leptospiral serovar Grippotyphosa from the serological testing. Patients aged 5-17 years old had 4.02 (95% CI 1.18-13.70, p-value = 0.03) and 2.42 (95% CI 1.09-5.34, p-value = 0.03) times higher odds of infection with Brucella spp. and Coxiella burnetii than those of ages 35-80. Additionally, patients who sourced water from dams/springs, and other sources (protected wells, boreholes, bottled water, and water pans) had 2.39 (95% CI 1.22-4.68, p-value = 0.01) and 2.24 (1.15-4.35, p-value = 0.02) times higher odds of exposure to C. burnetii than those who used unprotected wells. Streptococcus and Moraxella spp. were determined using metagenomic sequencing. Brucellosis, leptospirosis, Streptococcus and Moraxella infections are potentially important causes of non-malarial fevers in Garissa. This knowledge can guide routine diagnosis, thus helping lower the disease burden and ensure better health outcomes, especially in younger populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Wainaina
- Animal and Human Health Program, International Livestock Research Institute, Nairobi, 00100, Kenya.
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Freie Universität Berlin, 14163, Berlin, Germany.
- Department of Biological Safety, German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment, 12277, Berlin, Germany.
| | - Johanna F Lindahl
- Animal and Human Health Program, International Livestock Research Institute, Nairobi, 00100, Kenya
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, 75007, Uppsala, Sweden
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, Uppsala University, 75123, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Anne Mayer-Scholl
- Department of Biological Safety, German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment, 12277, Berlin, Germany
| | - Christoph-Martin Ufermann
- Department of Biological Safety, German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment, 12277, Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Uwe Roesler
- Institute for Animal Hygiene and Environmental Health, Freie Universität Berlin, 14163, Berlin, Germany
| | - Kristina Roesel
- Animal and Human Health Program, International Livestock Research Institute, Nairobi, 00100, Kenya
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Freie Universität Berlin, 14163, Berlin, Germany
| | - Delia Grace
- Animal and Human Health Program, International Livestock Research Institute, Nairobi, 00100, Kenya
- Food and Markets Department, Natural Resources Institute, University of Greenwich, London, ME130NQ, UK
| | - Bernard Bett
- Animal and Human Health Program, International Livestock Research Institute, Nairobi, 00100, Kenya
| | - Sascha Al Dahouk
- Department of Biological Safety, German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment, 12277, Berlin, Germany
- Department of Internal Medicine III, RWTH Aachen University Hospital, 52074, Aachen, Germany
- Department 1 - Infectious Diseases, Robert Koch Institute, 13353, Berlin, Germany
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15
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Kitson L, Becker AAMJ, Hartmann K, Bergmann M, Sepulveda-Garcia P, Canales N, Muller A. Characterizing the blood microbiota in healthy and febrile domestic cats via 16s rRNA sequencing. Sci Rep 2024; 14:10584. [PMID: 38719878 PMCID: PMC11079020 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-61023-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2023] [Accepted: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate the blood bacterial microbiota in healthy and febrile cats. High-quality sequencing reads from the 16S rRNA gene variable region V3-V4 were obtained from genomic blood DNA belonging to 145 healthy cats, and 140 febrile cats. Comparisons between the blood microbiota of healthy and febrile cats revealed dominant presence of Actinobacteria, followed by Firmicutes and Proteobacteria, and a lower relative abundance of Bacteroidetes. Upon lower taxonomic levels, the bacterial composition was significantly different between healthy and febrile cats. The families Faecalibacterium and Kineothrix (Firmicutes), and Phyllobacterium (Proteobacteria) experienced increased abundance in febrile samples. Whereas Thioprofundum (Proteobacteria) demonstrated a significant decrease in abundance in febrile. The bacterial composition and beta diversity within febrile cats was different according to the affected body system (Oral/GI, systemic, skin, and respiratory) at both family and genus levels. Sex and age were not significant factors affecting the blood microbiota of febrile cats nor healthy ones. Age was different between young adult and mature adult healthy cats. Alpha diversity was unaffected by any factors. Overall, the findings suggest that age, health status and nature of disease are significant factors affecting blood microbiota diversity and composition in cats, but sex is not.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liam Kitson
- Graduate Program, Ross University School of Veterinary Medicine, West Farm, West Indies, Saint Kitts and Nevis
| | - Anne A M J Becker
- One Health Center for Zoonoses and Tropical Veterinary Medicine, Biomedical Sciences Department, Ross University School of Veterinary Medicine, West Farm, West Indies, Saint Kitts and Nevis
| | - Katrin Hartmann
- LMU Small Animal Clinic, Centre for Clinical Veterinary Medicine, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Michèle Bergmann
- LMU Small Animal Clinic, Centre for Clinical Veterinary Medicine, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Paulina Sepulveda-Garcia
- Instituto de Medicina Preventiva Veterinaria, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile
- Escuela de Graduados, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile
| | - Nivia Canales
- Instituto de Bioquímica y Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile
| | - Ananda Muller
- One Health Center for Zoonoses and Tropical Veterinary Medicine, Biomedical Sciences Department, Ross University School of Veterinary Medicine, West Farm, West Indies, Saint Kitts and Nevis.
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16
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Yang Z, Song Y, Chen B, Hao F. Associations of Gut and Circulating Microbiota with Circulating Vitamin D 3, Type I Interferon, and Systemic Inflammation in Chronic Spontaneous Urticaria Patients. J Inflamm Res 2024; 17:2775-2785. [PMID: 38737112 PMCID: PMC11086427 DOI: 10.2147/jir.s455489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 05/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective To analyze the associations of the gut and circulating microbiota with circulating vitamin D3 (VD3), type I interferon (IFNI), systemic inflammation, and clinical profiles in chronic spontaneous urticaria (CSU) patients. Methods A total of 36 CSU patients with VD3 insufficiency (VDI; serum 25(OH)VD3 <30 ng/mL) and 36 sex-, age-, and body mass index-matched CSU patients with non-VDI were enrolled. Fecal and serum bacteria were identified through 16S rRNA sequencing, and serum 25(OH)VD3 and inflammation biomarkers were assessed using ELISA kits. IFNI response was determined by measuring the stimulatory activity of serum on IFNI-stimulated response element in HEK293 cells in vitro with luciferase assays. Results Higher urticarial activity score over 7 days (UAS7), higher frequency of levocetirizine resistance, and more severe proinflammation but weaker IFNI response were observed in VDI than non-VDI patients (all P<0.05). IFNI response was strongly positively associated with serum 25(OH)VD3 level in both groups (P<0.001). Compared to non-VDI patients, abundance of the fecal genera Prevotella 9, Escherichia-Shigella, and Klebsiella was significantly increased, while Bacteroides, Faecalibacterium, and Agathobacter were remarkably reduced in VDI patients (all P<0.05). Burkholderia-Caballeronia-Paraburkholderia (40.95%), Acinetobacter (3.05%), and Aquabacterium (2.37%) were the top three bacteria in sera from VDI patients. Both serum 25(OH)VD3 level and IFNI response were positively associated with fecal Bacteroides in the two groups (P<0.05). In non-VDI patients, there were moderately positive associations between IFNI response and fecal Lachnoclostridium, unclassified_f__Lachnospiraceae, and Phascolarctobacterium and between serum 25(OH)VD3 level and fecal Lachnoclostridium (all P<0.01). Circulating microbiota in VDI patients was closely related only to proinflammation and UAS7 (both P<0.05). Conclusion Changes in gut but not circulating microbiota composition are associated with serum 25(OH)VD3 insufficiency and impaired IFNI homeostasis, which points to greater disease severity (UAS7) and systemic proinflammation in CSU patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi Yang
- Department of Dermatology, Third Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 401120, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yao Song
- Department of Dermatology, Third Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 401120, People’s Republic of China
| | - Bangtao Chen
- Department of Dermatology, Chongqing University Three Gorges Hospital, School of Medicine, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 404100, People’s Republic of China
| | - Fei Hao
- Department of Dermatology, Third Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 401120, People’s Republic of China
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17
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Li J, Li Y, Zhou L, Li C, Liu J, Liu D, Fu Y, Wang Y, Tang J, Zhou L, Tan S, Wang L. The human microbiome and benign prostatic hyperplasia: Current understandings and clinical implications. Microbiol Res 2024; 281:127596. [PMID: 38215640 DOI: 10.1016/j.micres.2023.127596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Revised: 12/23/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/14/2024]
Abstract
The research of the human microbiome in the preceding decade has yielded novel perspectives on human health and diseases. Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is a common disease in middle-aged and elderly males, which negatively affects the life quality. Existing evidence has indicated that the human microbiome, including urinary, intra-prostate, gut, oral and blood microbiome may exert a significant impact on the natural progression of BPH. The dysbiosis of the microbiome may induce inflammation at either a local or systemic level, thereby affecting the BPH. Moreover, metabolic syndrome (MetS) caused by the microbiome can also be involved in the development of BPH. Additionally, alterations in the microbiome composition during the senility process may serve as another cause of the BPH. Here, we summarize the influence of human microbiome on BPH and explore how the microbiome is linked to BPH through inflammation, MetS, and senility. In addition, we propose promising areas of investigation and discuss the implications for advancing therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaren Li
- Department of Urology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, China
| | - Youyou Li
- Department of Urology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, China
| | - Liang Zhou
- Department of Urology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, China
| | - Cheng Li
- Department of Urology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, China
| | - Jiahao Liu
- Department of Urology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, China
| | - Dingwen Liu
- Department of Urology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, China
| | - Yunlong Fu
- Department of Urology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, China
| | - Yichuan Wang
- Department of Urology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, China
| | - Jin Tang
- Department of Urology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, China
| | - Lei Zhou
- Department of Urology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, China
| | - Shuo Tan
- Department of Urology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, China
| | - Long Wang
- Department of Urology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, China.
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18
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Abe R, Ram-Mohan N, Yang S. Re-visiting humoral constitutive antibacterial heterogeneity in bloodstream infections. THE LANCET. INFECTIOUS DISEASES 2024; 24:e245-e251. [PMID: 37944543 DOI: 10.1016/s1473-3099(23)00494-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2023] [Revised: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
Although cellular immunity has garnered much attention in the era of single-cell technologies, humoral innate immunity has receded in priority due to its presumed limited roles. Hence, despite the long-recognised bactericidal activity of serum-a functional characteristic of constitutive humoral immunity-much remains unclear regarding mechanisms underlying its inter-individual heterogeneity and clinical implications in bloodstream infections. Recent work suggests that the immediate antimicrobial effect of humoral innate immunity contributes to suppression of the excessive inflammatory responses to infection by reducing the amount of pathogen-associated molecular patterns. In this Personal View, we propose the need to re-explore factors underlying the inter-individual heterogeneity in serum antibacterial competence as a new approach to better understand humoral innate immunity and revisit the clinical use of measuring serum antibacterial activity in the management of bacterial bloodstream infections. Given the current emphasis on subtyping sepsis, a serum bactericidal assay might prove useful in defining a distinct sepsis endotype, to enable more personalised management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryuichiro Abe
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - Nikhil Ram-Mohan
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - Samuel Yang
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA, USA.
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Balczon R, Lin MT, Voth S, Nelson AR, Schupp JC, Wagener BM, Pittet JF, Stevens T. Lung endothelium, tau, and amyloids in health and disease. Physiol Rev 2024; 104:533-587. [PMID: 37561137 PMCID: PMC11281824 DOI: 10.1152/physrev.00006.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2023] [Revised: 06/26/2023] [Accepted: 08/04/2023] [Indexed: 08/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Lung endothelia in the arteries, capillaries, and veins are heterogeneous in structure and function. Lung capillaries in particular represent a unique vascular niche, with a thin yet highly restrictive alveolar-capillary barrier that optimizes gas exchange. Capillary endothelium surveys the blood while simultaneously interpreting cues initiated within the alveolus and communicated via immediately adjacent type I and type II epithelial cells, fibroblasts, and pericytes. This cell-cell communication is necessary to coordinate the immune response to lower respiratory tract infection. Recent discoveries identify an important role for the microtubule-associated protein tau that is expressed in lung capillary endothelia in the host-pathogen interaction. This endothelial tau stabilizes microtubules necessary for barrier integrity, yet infection drives production of cytotoxic tau variants that are released into the airways and circulation, where they contribute to end-organ dysfunction. Similarly, beta-amyloid is produced during infection. Beta-amyloid has antimicrobial activity, but during infection it can acquire cytotoxic activity that is deleterious to the host. The production and function of these cytotoxic tau and amyloid variants are the subject of this review. Lung-derived cytotoxic tau and amyloid variants are a recently discovered mechanism of end-organ dysfunction, including neurocognitive dysfunction, during and in the aftermath of infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ron Balczon
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of South Alabama, Mobile, Alabama, United States
- Center for Lung Biology, University of South Alabama, Mobile, Alabama, United States
| | - Mike T Lin
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, University of South Alabama, Mobile, Alabama, United States
- Center for Lung Biology, University of South Alabama, Mobile, Alabama, United States
| | - Sarah Voth
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, Edward Via College of Osteopathic Medicine, Monroe, Louisiana, United States
| | - Amy R Nelson
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, University of South Alabama, Mobile, Alabama, United States
- Center for Lung Biology, University of South Alabama, Mobile, Alabama, United States
| | - Jonas C Schupp
- Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, United States
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
- German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Hannover, Germany
| | - Brant M Wagener
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, University of Alabama-Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, United States
| | - Jean-Francois Pittet
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, University of Alabama-Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, United States
| | - Troy Stevens
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, University of South Alabama, Mobile, Alabama, United States
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of South Alabama, Mobile, Alabama, United States
- Center for Lung Biology, University of South Alabama, Mobile, Alabama, United States
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20
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Zhai T, Ren W, Ji X, Wang Y, Chen H, Jin Y, Liang Q, Zhang N, Huang J. Distinct compositions and functions of circulating microbial DNA in the peripheral blood compared to fecal microbial DNA in healthy individuals. mSystems 2024; 9:e0000824. [PMID: 38426796 PMCID: PMC10949464 DOI: 10.1128/msystems.00008-24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2024] [Accepted: 02/09/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024] Open
Abstract
The crucial function of circulating microbial DNA (cmDNA) in peripheral blood is gaining recognition because of its importance in normal physiology and immunity in healthy individuals. Evidence suggests that cmDNA in peripheral blood is derived from highly abundant, translocating gut microbes. However, the associations with and differences between cmDNA in peripheral blood and the gut microbiome remain unclear. We collected blood, urine, and fecal samples from volunteers to compare their microbial information via 16S rDNA sequencing. The results revealed that, compared with gut microbial DNA, cmDNA in peripheral blood was associated with reduced diversity and a distinct microbiota composition. The cmDNA in the blood reflects the biochemical processes of microorganisms, including synthesis, energy conversion, degradation, and adaptability, surpassing that of fecal samples. Interestingly, cmDNA in blood showed a limited presence of DNA from anaerobes and gram-positive bacteria, which contrast with the trend observed in fecal samples. Furthermore, analysis of cmDNA revealed traits associated with mobile elements and potential pathologies, among others, which were minimal in stool samples. Notably, cmDNA analysis indicated similarities between the microbial functions and phenotypes in blood and urine samples, although greater diversity was observed in urine samples. Source Tracker analysis suggests that gut microbes might not be the main source of blood cmDNA, or a selective mechanism allows only certain microbial DNA into the bloodstream. In conclusion, our study highlights the composition and potential functions associated with cmDNA in peripheral blood, emphasizing its selective presence; however, further research is required to elucidate the mechanisms involved.IMPORTANCEOur research provides novel insights into the unique characteristics and potential functional implications of circulating microbial DNA (cmDNA) in peripheral blood. Unlike other studies that analyzed sequencing data from fecal or blood microbiota in different study cohorts, our comparative analysis of cmDNA from blood, urine, and fecal samples from the same group of volunteers revealed a distinct blood-specific cmDNA composition. We discovered a decreased diversity of microbial DNA in blood samples compared to fecal samples as well as an increased presence of biochemical processes microbial DNA in blood. Notably, we add to the existing knowledge by documenting a reduced abundance of anaerobes and gram-positive bacteria in blood compared to fecal samples according to the analysis of cmDNA and gut microbial DNA, respectively. This observation suggested that a potential selective barrier or screening mechanism might filter microbial DNA molecules, indicating potential selectivity in the translocation process which contrasts with the traditional view that cmDNA primarily originates from random translocation from the gut and other regions. By highlighting these differences, our findings prompt a reconsideration of the origin and role of cmDNA in blood circulation and suggest that selective processes involving more complex biological mechanisms may be involved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taiyu Zhai
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Wenbo Ren
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Xufeng Ji
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yifei Wang
- College of Medical Technology, Beihua University, Jilin, China
| | - Haizhen Chen
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yuting Jin
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Qiao Liang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Nan Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Jing Huang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
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Balboni A, Franzo G, Bano L, Urbani L, Segatore S, Rizzardi A, Cordioli B, Cornaggia M, Terrusi A, Vasylyeva K, Dondi F, Battilani M. No viable bacterial communities reside in the urinary bladder of cats with feline idiopathic cystitis. Res Vet Sci 2024; 168:105137. [PMID: 38181480 DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2024.105137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Revised: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 01/01/2024] [Indexed: 01/07/2024]
Abstract
Urinary microbial diversities have been reported in humans according to sex, age and clinical status, including painful bladder syndrome/interstitial cystitis (PBS/IC). To date, the role of the urinary microbiome in the pathogenesis of PBS/IC is debated. Feline idiopathic cystitis (FIC) is a chronic lower urinary tract disorder affecting cats with similarities to PBS/IC in women and represents an important problem in veterinary medicine as its aetiology is currently unknown. In this study, the presence of a bacterial community residing in the urinary bladder of cats with a diagnosis of FIC was investigated. Nineteen cats with clinical signs and history of FIC and without growing bacteria in standard urine culture were included and urine collected with ultrasound-guided cystocentesis. Bacterial community was investigated using a culture-dependent approach consisted of expanded quantitative urine culture techniques and a culture-independent approach consisted of 16S rRNA NGS. Several methodological practices were adopted to both avoid and detect any contamination or bias introduced by means of urine collection and processing which could be relevant due to the low microbial biomass environment of the bladder and urinary tract, including negative controls analysis. All the cats included showed no growing bacteria in the urine analysed. Although few reads were originated using 16S rRNA NGS, a comparable pattern was observed between urine samples and negative controls, and no taxa were confidently classified as non-contaminant. The results obtained suggest the absence of viable bacteria and of bacterial DNA of urinary origin in the urinary bladder of cats with FIC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Balboni
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum-University of Bologna, Via Tolara di Sopra 50, 40064, Ozzano Emilia, Bologna, Italy
| | - Giovanni Franzo
- Department of Animal Medicine, Production and Health, University of Padova, Viale dell'Università 16, 35020, Legnaro, Padova, Italy
| | - Luca Bano
- Diagnostic and Microbiology Laboratory, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie, Vicolo Mazzini 4, 31020, Villorba, Treviso, Italy
| | - Lorenza Urbani
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum-University of Bologna, Via Tolara di Sopra 50, 40064, Ozzano Emilia, Bologna, Italy
| | - Sofia Segatore
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum-University of Bologna, Via Tolara di Sopra 50, 40064, Ozzano Emilia, Bologna, Italy
| | - Alessia Rizzardi
- Diagnostic and Microbiology Laboratory, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie, Vicolo Mazzini 4, 31020, Villorba, Treviso, Italy
| | - Benedetta Cordioli
- Diagnostic and Microbiology Laboratory, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie, Vicolo Mazzini 4, 31020, Villorba, Treviso, Italy
| | - Matteo Cornaggia
- Diagnostic and Microbiology Laboratory, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie, Vicolo Mazzini 4, 31020, Villorba, Treviso, Italy
| | - Alessia Terrusi
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum-University of Bologna, Via Tolara di Sopra 50, 40064, Ozzano Emilia, Bologna, Italy
| | - Kateryna Vasylyeva
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum-University of Bologna, Via Tolara di Sopra 50, 40064, Ozzano Emilia, Bologna, Italy
| | - Francesco Dondi
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum-University of Bologna, Via Tolara di Sopra 50, 40064, Ozzano Emilia, Bologna, Italy.
| | - Mara Battilani
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum-University of Bologna, Via Tolara di Sopra 50, 40064, Ozzano Emilia, Bologna, Italy
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22
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Kvapilova K, Misenko P, Radvanszky J, Brzon O, Budis J, Gazdarica J, Pos O, Korabecna M, Kasny M, Szemes T, Kvapil P, Paces J, Kozmik Z. Validated WGS and WES protocols proved saliva-derived gDNA as an equivalent to blood-derived gDNA for clinical and population genomic analyses. BMC Genomics 2024; 25:187. [PMID: 38365587 PMCID: PMC10873937 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-024-10080-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/18/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Whole exome sequencing (WES) and whole genome sequencing (WGS) have become standard methods in human clinical diagnostics as well as in population genomics (POPGEN). Blood-derived genomic DNA (gDNA) is routinely used in the clinical environment. Conversely, many POPGEN studies and commercial tests benefit from easy saliva sampling. Here, we evaluated the quality of variant call sets and the level of genotype concordance of single nucleotide variants (SNVs) and small insertions and deletions (indels) for WES and WGS using paired blood- and saliva-derived gDNA isolates employing genomic reference-based validated protocols. METHODS The genomic reference standard Coriell NA12878 was repeatedly analyzed using optimized WES and WGS protocols, and data calls were compared with the truth dataset published by the Genome in a Bottle Consortium. gDNA was extracted from the paired blood and saliva samples of 10 participants and processed using the same protocols. A comparison of paired blood-saliva call sets was performed in the context of WGS and WES genomic reference-based technical validation results. RESULTS The quality pattern of called variants obtained from genomic-reference-based technical replicates correlates with data calls of paired blood-saliva-derived samples in all levels of tested examinations despite a higher rate of non-human contamination found in the saliva samples. The F1 score of 10 blood-to-saliva-derived comparisons ranged between 0.8030-0.9998 for SNVs and between 0.8883-0.9991 for small-indels in the case of the WGS protocol, and between 0.8643-0.999 for SNVs and between 0.7781-1.000 for small-indels in the case of the WES protocol. CONCLUSION Saliva may be considered an equivalent material to blood for genetic analysis for both WGS and WES under strict protocol conditions. The accuracy of sequencing metrics and variant-detection accuracy is not affected by choosing saliva as the gDNA source instead of blood but much more significantly by the genomic context, variant types, and the sequencing technology used.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katerina Kvapilova
- Faculty of Science, Charles University, Albertov 6, Prague, 128 00, Czech Republic.
- Institute of Applied Biotechnologies a.s, Služeb 4, Prague, 108 00, Czech Republic.
| | - Pavol Misenko
- Geneton s.r.o, Ilkovičova 8, Bratislava, 841 04, Slovakia
| | - Jan Radvanszky
- Geneton s.r.o, Ilkovičova 8, Bratislava, 841 04, Slovakia
- Institute of Clinical and Translational Research, Biomedical Research Center of the Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravská Cesta 9, Bratislava, 845 05, Slovakia
- Department of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University, Ilkovičova 3278/6, Karlova Ves, Bratislava, 841 04, Slovakia
- Comenius University Science Park, Comenius University, Ilkovičova 8, Karlova Ves, Bratislava, 841 04, Slovakia
| | - Ondrej Brzon
- Institute of Applied Biotechnologies a.s, Služeb 4, Prague, 108 00, Czech Republic
| | - Jaroslav Budis
- Geneton s.r.o, Ilkovičova 8, Bratislava, 841 04, Slovakia
- Comenius University Science Park, Comenius University, Ilkovičova 8, Karlova Ves, Bratislava, 841 04, Slovakia
- Slovak Centre for Scientific and Technical Information, Staré Mesto, Lamačská Cesta 8A, Bratislava, 811 04, Slovakia
| | - Juraj Gazdarica
- Geneton s.r.o, Ilkovičova 8, Bratislava, 841 04, Slovakia
- Comenius University Science Park, Comenius University, Ilkovičova 8, Karlova Ves, Bratislava, 841 04, Slovakia
- Slovak Centre for Scientific and Technical Information, Staré Mesto, Lamačská Cesta 8A, Bratislava, 811 04, Slovakia
| | - Ondrej Pos
- Geneton s.r.o, Ilkovičova 8, Bratislava, 841 04, Slovakia
- Comenius University Science Park, Comenius University, Ilkovičova 8, Karlova Ves, Bratislava, 841 04, Slovakia
| | - Marie Korabecna
- Institute of Biology and Medical Genetics, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Albertov 4, Prague, 128 00, Czech Republic
| | - Martin Kasny
- Institute of Applied Biotechnologies a.s, Služeb 4, Prague, 108 00, Czech Republic
- Department of Botany and Zoology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kotlářská 2, Brno, 611 37, Czech Republic
| | - Tomas Szemes
- Geneton s.r.o, Ilkovičova 8, Bratislava, 841 04, Slovakia
- Department of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University, Ilkovičova 3278/6, Karlova Ves, Bratislava, 841 04, Slovakia
- Comenius University Science Park, Comenius University, Ilkovičova 8, Karlova Ves, Bratislava, 841 04, Slovakia
| | - Petr Kvapil
- Institute of Applied Biotechnologies a.s, Služeb 4, Prague, 108 00, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Paces
- Laboratory of Genomics and Bioinformatics, Institute of Molecular Genetics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Vídeňská 1083, Prague, 142 20, Czech Republic
| | - Zbynek Kozmik
- Laboratory of Transcriptional Regulation, Institute of Molecular Genetics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Vídeňská 1083, Prague, 142 20, Czech Republic
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Wang X, Gao J, Chen Y, Zhang X, Dai Z, Dai Q, Peng M, Xiao L, Jia X, Cai H, Mou T, Li X, Xu G. Detecting prokaryote-specific gene and other bacterial signatures in thrombi from patients with acute ischemic stroke. Thromb J 2024; 22:14. [PMID: 38263151 PMCID: PMC10807108 DOI: 10.1186/s12959-024-00583-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2023] [Accepted: 01/13/2024] [Indexed: 01/25/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Microbial infection has been associated with thrombogenesis. This study aimed to detect bacterium-specific genes and other signatures in thrombi from patients with acute ischemic stroke and to relate these signatures to clinical characteristics. METHODS Blood samples were collected before thrombectomy procedures, and thrombus samples were obtained during the procedure. Identification and classification of bacteria in the samples were accomplished using 16 S rRNA gene sequencing. Bacterium-specific structures were observed with transmission electron microscopy. Bacterium-specific biomarkers were detected through immunohistochemical staining. RESULTS 16 S rRNA gene was detected in 32.1% of the thrombus samples from 81 patients. Bacillus (0.04% vs. 0.00046%, p = 0.003), Parabacteroides (0.20% vs. 0.09%, p = 0.029), Prevotella (1.57% vs. 0.38%, p = 0.010), Streptococcus (1.53% vs. 0.29%, p = 0.001), Romboutsia (0.18% vs. 0.0070%, p = 0.029), Corynebacterium (1.61% vs. 1.26%, p = 0.026) and Roseburia (0.53% vs. 0.05%, p = 0.005) exhibited significantly higher abundance in thrombi compared to arterial blood. Bacteria-like structures were observed in 22 (27.1%), while whole bacteria-like structures were observed in 7 (8.6%) thrombi under transmission electron microscopy. Immunohistochemical staining detected bacterium-specific monocyte/macrophage markers in 51 (63.0%) out of 81 thrombi. Logistic regression analysis indicated that alcohol consumption was associated with a higher bacteria burden in thrombi (odds ratio = 3.19; 95% CI, 1.10-9.27; p = 0.033). CONCLUSION Bacterial signatures usually found in the oral cavity and digestive tract were detected in thrombi from patients with ischemic stroke. This suggests a potential involvement of bacterial infection in the development of thrombosis. Long-term alcohol consumption may potentially enhance this possibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoke Wang
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, 305# East Zhongshan Road, 210002, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jie Gao
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, 305# East Zhongshan Road, 210002, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yantong Chen
- Department of Neurology, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
- Department of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiaohao Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, 305# East Zhongshan Road, 210002, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhengze Dai
- Department of Neurology, Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Qiliang Dai
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, 305# East Zhongshan Road, 210002, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Mengna Peng
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, 305# East Zhongshan Road, 210002, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Lulu Xiao
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, 305# East Zhongshan Road, 210002, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xuerong Jia
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, 305# East Zhongshan Road, 210002, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Haodi Cai
- Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistraße 52, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Tao Mou
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, 305# East Zhongshan Road, 210002, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiang Li
- Department of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Gelin Xu
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, 305# East Zhongshan Road, 210002, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.
- Department of Neurology, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China.
- Department of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China.
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24
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Liu Y, Altreuter J, Bodapati S, Cristea S, Wong CJ, Wu CJ, Michor F. Predicting patient outcomes after treatment with immune checkpoint blockade: A review of biomarkers derived from diverse data modalities. CELL GENOMICS 2024; 4:100444. [PMID: 38190106 PMCID: PMC10794784 DOI: 10.1016/j.xgen.2023.100444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Revised: 07/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2024]
Abstract
Immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) therapy targeting cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated protein 4, programmed death 1, and programmed death ligand 1 has shown durable remission and clinical success across different cancer types. However, patient outcomes vary among disease indications. Studies have identified prognostic biomarkers associated with immunotherapy response and patient outcomes derived from diverse data types, including next-generation bulk and single-cell DNA, RNA, T cell and B cell receptor sequencing data, liquid biopsies, and clinical imaging. Owing to inter- and intra-tumor heterogeneity and the immune system's complexity, these biomarkers have diverse efficacy in clinical trials of ICB. Here, we review the genetic and genomic signatures and image features of ICB studies for pan-cancer applications and specific indications. We discuss the advantages and disadvantages of computational approaches for predicting immunotherapy effectiveness and patient outcomes. We also elucidate the challenges of immunotherapy prognostication and the discovery of novel immunotherapy targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Liu
- Department of Data Science, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Jennifer Altreuter
- Department of Data Science, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Sudheshna Bodapati
- Department of Data Science, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Simona Cristea
- Department of Data Science, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Cheryl J Wong
- Department of Data Science, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Biomedical Informatics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 20115, USA
| | - Catherine J Wu
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; The Eli and Edythe Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Franziska Michor
- Department of Data Science, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Biomedical Informatics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 20115, USA; The Eli and Edythe Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA; Center for Cancer Evolution, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02138, USA; The Ludwig Center at Harvard, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
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25
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Sun M, Fang Y, Zheng J, Shi G, Guo J, Zhang X, Zhang R. Role of symbiotic microbiota dysbiosis in the progression of chronic kidney disease accompanied with vascular calcification. Front Pharmacol 2024; 14:1306125. [PMID: 38249346 PMCID: PMC10796560 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1306125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Background: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is now globally recognized as a critical public health concern. Vascular calcification (VC) represents a significant risk factor for cardiovascular events in individuals with CKD. It is the accessible and precise diagnostic biomarkers for monitoring the progression of CKD and the concurrent VC are urgently needed. Methods: The adenine diet-induced CKD rat model was utilized to investigate chronic kidney injury, calcification in the kidney and thoracic aorta, and dysregulation of biochemical indices. Enzyme-linked immune sandwich assays were employed to analyze changes in calcification-related proteins. 16S rRNA sequencing was performed to delineate the microbiota characteristics in the gut and blood of CKD-afflicted rats. Additionally, transcriptome sequencing of kidney tissue was conducted to explore the relationship between CKD-associated microbiota features and alterations in kidney function. Results: The adenine diet-induced CKD inhibited body weight gain, and led to kidney injury, and pronounced calcification in kidney and thoracic aorta. The microbiota both in the gut and blood of these affected rats exhibited significantly lower alpha diversity and distinctive beta diversity than those in their healthy counterparts. CKD resulted in dysregulation of several biochemical indices (including elevated levels of creatinine, low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol, sodium, phosphorous, total cholesterol, and urea and decreased levels of albumin, calcium, lactate dehydrogenase, and total bilirubin). Moreover, it upregulated calcification-related factors (bone sialoprotein [BSP], Klotho, fibroblast growth factor [FGF]-23, and sclerostin [SOST]) and lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Notably, the increased Acinetobacter in the blood was positively associated with calcifications in the kidney and thoracic aorta, in addition to the positive correlation with gut microbiota. The enrichment of Acinetobacter was concurrent with increases in calcification factors (BSP, FGF-23, and SOST), LPS, and phosphorous. Furthermore, transcriptome sequencing revealed that the enrichment of Acinetobacter was positively correlated with the majority of upregulated genes and negatively correlated with downregulated genes involved in the mineral absorption pathway. Conclusion: Our findings, for the first time, underscore that dysbiosis of symbiotic microbiota, both in the gut and blood, is involved in the progression of CKD. Particularly, the enrichment of Acinetobacter in blood emerges as a potential risk factor for CKD and its accompanying VC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengying Sun
- Department of Nephrology, Zhuhai People's Hospital Affiliated with Jinan University, Jinan University, Zhuhai, Guangdong, China
| | - Yilong Fang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Affiliated Foshan Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital, Southern Medical University, Foshan, China
| | - Jianhua Zheng
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Huizhou First Hospital, Huizhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Guojuan Shi
- Department of Nephrology, Zhuhai People's Hospital Affiliated with Jinan University, Jinan University, Zhuhai, Guangdong, China
| | - Junli Guo
- Department of Nephrology, Zhuhai People's Hospital Affiliated with Jinan University, Jinan University, Zhuhai, Guangdong, China
| | - Xinzhou Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, Shenzhen People's Hospital, The Second Clinical Medical College of Jinan University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Rui Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, Zhuhai People's Hospital Affiliated with Jinan University, Jinan University, Zhuhai, Guangdong, China
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Kim S, Chun SH, Cheon YH, Kim M, Kim HO, Lee H, Hong ST, Park SJ, Park MS, Suh YS, Lee SI. Peptoniphilus gorbachii alleviates collagen-induced arthritis in mice by improving intestinal homeostasis and immune regulation. Front Immunol 2024; 14:1286387. [PMID: 38239365 PMCID: PMC10794505 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1286387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction The intricate connection between gut microbiota and rheumatoid arthritis (RA) pathogenesis has gained prominence, although the specific microbial species contributing to RA development remain largely unknown. Recent studies have sought to comprehensively explore alterations in the human microbiome, focusing on identifying disease-related microbial species through blood analysis. Consequently, this study aimed to identify RA-associated microbial species using a serum microbial array system and to investigate the efficacy and underlying mechanisms of potential microbial species for RA treatment. Methods Serum immunoglobulin M levels against 384 intestinal microbial species were assessed using a microbial microarray in patients with RA and healthy individuals. We investigated the therapeutic potential of the identified microbial candidate regarding arthritis development, immune responses, gut barrier function, and gut microbiome using a collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) mouse model. Results Our findings revealed significant alterations in antibody levels against 36 microbial species in patients with RA compared to healthy individuals. Notably, the antibody levels against Peptoniphilus gorbachii (PG) were decreased in patients with RA and exhibited an inverse correlation with RA disease activity. In vitro experiments demonstrated that PG produced acetate and butyrate, while exhibiting anti-inflammatory properties. In CIA mice, PG administration suppressed arthritis symptoms, reduced the accumulation of inflammatory monocytes in the mesenteric lymph nodes, and downregulated gene expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines in the ileum. Additionally, PG supplementation restored intestinal barrier integrity and partially resolved gut microbial dysbiosis in CIA mice. The fecal microbiota in PG-treated mice corresponded to improved intestinal barrier integrity and reduced inflammatory responses. Conclusion This study highlights the potential of serum-based detection of anti-microbial antibodies to identify microbial targets at the species level for RA treatment. Moreover, our findings suggest that PG, identified through the microbial microarray analysis, holds therapeutic potential for RA by restoring intestinal barrier integrity and suppressing the immunologic response associated with RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suhee Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine and Institute of Health Science, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine and Hospital, Jinju, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Hak Chun
- Department of Internal Medicine and Institute of Health Science, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine and Hospital, Jinju, Republic of Korea
| | - Yun-Hong Cheon
- Department of Internal Medicine and Institute of Health Science, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine and Hospital, Jinju, Republic of Korea
| | - Mingyo Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine and Institute of Health Science, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine and Hospital, Jinju, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun-Ok Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine and Institute of Health Science, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine and Hospital, Jinju, Republic of Korea
- Department of Internal Medicine, Gyeongsang National University Changwon Hospital, Changwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Hanna Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine and Institute of Health Science, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine and Hospital, Jinju, Republic of Korea
- Department of Internal Medicine, Gyeongsang National University Changwon Hospital, Changwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong-Tshool Hong
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Institute for Medical Science, Chonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Jun Park
- Research Center, BIFIDO Co, Ltd, Hongcheon, Kangwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Myeong Soo Park
- Research Center, BIFIDO Co, Ltd, Hongcheon, Kangwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Sun Suh
- Department of Internal Medicine and Institute of Health Science, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine and Hospital, Jinju, Republic of Korea
- Department of Internal Medicine, Gyeongsang National University Changwon Hospital, Changwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Il Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine and Institute of Health Science, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine and Hospital, Jinju, Republic of Korea
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Wang P, Zhang S, Qi C, Wang C, Zhu Z, Shi L, Cheng L, Zhang X. Blood microbial analyses reveal long-term effects of SARS-CoV-2 infection on patients who recovered from COVID-19. Comput Biol Med 2024; 168:107721. [PMID: 38016374 DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiomed.2023.107721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2023] [Revised: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 11/30/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Few symptoms persist for a long time after patients recover from COVID-19, called "long COVID". We explored the potential microbial risk factors for COVID-19 for a deeper understanding and assistance in the follow-up treatment of these sequelae. METHODS Microbiome re-annotation was performed using whole blood RNA-Seq data collected from recovered COVID-19 patients and healthy controls at multiple time points. Subsequently, a series of downstream analyses were conducted to reveal the microbial characteristics of patients who recovered from SARS-CoV-2 infection. RESULTS The blood microbiome at 12 weeks post-infection was most evidently disturbed, including an increasing ratio of Bacillota/Bacteroidota and a higher microbial alpha diversity. In addition, a group of pathogenic microbes at 12 weeks post-infection were identified, including Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Acinetobacter baumannii, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, which were positively associated with host genes involved in immune regulatory and olfactory transduction pathways. Several microbes, such as Streptococcus pneumoniae were associated with infiltrating immune cells, such as M2 macrophages. CONCLUSION This study provides insights into the relationship between the blood microbiome and COVID-19 sequelae. Several pathogenic microbes were enriched in recovered COVID-19 patients and thus affected host genes participating in the immune and olfactory transduction pathways, which play critical roles in COVID-19 sequelae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Wang
- College of Bioinformatics Science and Technology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Sainan Zhang
- College of Bioinformatics Science and Technology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Changlu Qi
- College of Bioinformatics Science and Technology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Chao Wang
- College of Bioinformatics Science and Technology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Zijun Zhu
- College of Bioinformatics Science and Technology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Lei Shi
- NHC Key Laboratory of Molecular Probes and Targeted Diagnosis and Therapy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150028, Heilongjiang, China.
| | - Liang Cheng
- College of Bioinformatics Science and Technology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, Heilongjiang, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Molecular Probes and Targeted Diagnosis and Therapy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150028, Heilongjiang, China.
| | - Xue Zhang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Molecular Probes and Targeted Diagnosis and Therapy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150028, Heilongjiang, China; McKusick-Zhang Center for Genetic Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100005, China.
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Kang JI, Seo JH, Park CI, Kim ST, Kim YK, Jang JK, Kwon CO, Jeon S, Kim HW, Kim SJ. Microbiome analysis of circulating bacterial extracellular vesicles in obsessive-compulsive disorder. Psychiatry Clin Neurosci 2023; 77:646-652. [PMID: 37646189 DOI: 10.1111/pcn.13593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2023] [Revised: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Abstract
AIM The present study examined the microbiome abundance and composition of drug-naive or drug-free patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) compared with healthy controls. In addition, in the OCD group, the microbiome composition was compared between early-onset and late-onset OCD. METHODS Serum samples were collected from 89 patients with OCD and 107 age- and sex-matched healthy controls. Bacterial DNA was isolated from bacteria-derived extracellular vesicles in serum and then amplified and quantified using primers specific to the V3-V4 hypervariable region of the 16S ribosomal RNA gene. The 16S ribosomal DNA gene amplicon sequencing was performed. RESULTS The pooled estimate showed that α-diversity was significantly reduced in patients with OCD compared with that in healthy controls (PShannon = 0.00015). In addition, a statistically significant difference was observed in β-diversity between patients with OCD and healthy controls at the order (P = 0.012), family (P = 0.003), genus (P < 0.001), and species (P = 0.005) levels. In the microbiome composition, Pseudomonas, Caulobacteraceae (f), Streptococcus, Novosphingobium, and Enhydrobacter at the genus level were significantly less prevalent in patients with OCD than in controls. In addition, among patients with OCD, the microbial composition in the early-onset versus late-onset types was significantly different with respect to the genera Corynebacterium and Pelomonas. CONCLUSION The present study showed an aberrant microbiome in patients with OCD, suggesting a role of the microbiota-brain interaction in the pathophysiology of OCD. Further longitudinal studies with larger sample sizes adjusting for various confounders are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jee In Kang
- Department of Psychiatry, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Institute of Behavioral Science in Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun Ho Seo
- Institute of Behavioral Science in Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Psychiatry, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, Republic of Korea
| | - Chun Il Park
- Institute of Behavioral Science in Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Psychiatry, CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Shin Tae Kim
- Department of Psychiatry, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Institute of Behavioral Science in Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | | | | | | | - Sumoa Jeon
- Institute of Behavioral Science in Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hae Won Kim
- Institute of Behavioral Science in Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Medical Education, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Se Joo Kim
- Department of Psychiatry, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Institute of Behavioral Science in Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Li CC, Hsu WF, Chiang PC, Kuo MC, Wo AM, Tseng YJ. Characterization of markers, functional properties, and microbiome composition in human gut-derived bacterial extracellular vesicles. Gut Microbes 2023; 15:2288200. [PMID: 38038385 PMCID: PMC10730231 DOI: 10.1080/19490976.2023.2288200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Past studies have confirmed the etiologies of bacterial extracellular vesicles (BEVs) in various diseases, including inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and colorectal cancer (CRC). This study aimed to investigate the characteristics of stool-derived bacterial extracellular vesicles (stBEVs) and discuss their association with stool bacteria. First, three culture models - gram-positive (G+)BcBEVs (from B.coagulans), gram-negative (G-)EcBEVs (from E.coli), and eukaryotic cell-derived EVs (EEV, from Colo205 cell line) - were used to benchmark various fractions of stEVs separated from optimized density gradient approach (DG). As such, WB, TEM, NTA, and functional assays, were utilized to analyze properties and distribution of EVs in cultured and stool samples. Stool samples from healthy individuals were interrogated using the approaches developed. Results demonstrated successful separation of most stBEVs (within DG fractions 8&9) from stEEVs (within DG fractions 5&6). Data also suggest the presence of stBEV DNA within vesicles after extraction of BEV DNA and DNase treatment. Metagenomic analysis from full-length (FL) region sequencing results confirmed significant differences between stool bacteria and stBEVs. Significantly, F8&9 and the pooled sample (F5-F9) exhibited a similar microbial composition, indicating that F8&9 were enriched in most stBEV species, primarily dominated by Firmicutes (89.6%). However, F5&6 and F7 still held low-density BEVs with a significantly higher proportion of Proteobacteria (20.5% and 40.7%, respectively) and Bacteroidetes (24% and 13.7%, respectively), considerably exceeding the proportions in stool and F8&9. Importantly, among five healthy individuals, significant variations were observed in the gut microbiota composition of their respective stBEVs, indicating the potential of stBEVs as a target for personalized medicine and research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chih-Chi Li
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Electronics and Bioinformatics, College of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Fan Hsu
- Institute of Applied Mechanics, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of R&D, Reliance Biosciences Inc, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Po-Chieh Chiang
- Department of R&D, Reliance Biosciences Inc, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Che Kuo
- Department of Medicine, National Taiwan University Cancer Center, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Neurology, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Andrew M. Wo
- Institute of Applied Mechanics, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of R&D, Reliance Biosciences Inc, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Yufeng Jane Tseng
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Electronics and Bioinformatics, College of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering, College of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Master’s Program in Smart Medicine and Health Informatics, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
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Guo X, Wang Z, Qu M, Guo Y, Yu M, Hong W, Zhang C, Fan X, Song J, Xu R, Zhang J, Huang H, Linghu E, Wang FS, Sun L, Jiao YM. Abnormal blood microbiota profiles are associated with inflammation and immune restoration in HIV/AIDS individuals. mSystems 2023; 8:e0046723. [PMID: 37698407 PMCID: PMC10654078 DOI: 10.1128/msystems.00467-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2023] [Accepted: 06/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/13/2023] Open
Abstract
IMPORTANCE The characteristics of blood microbiota in HIV-infected individuals and their relevance to disease progression are still unknown, despite alterations in gut microbiota diversity and composition in HIV-infected individuals. Here, we present evidence of increased blood microbiota diversity in HIV-infected individuals, which may result from gut microbiota translocation. Also, we identify a group of microbes, Porphyromonas gingivalis, Prevotella sp. CAG:5226, Eubacterium sp. CAG:251, Phascolarctobacterium succinatutens, Anaerobutyricum hallii, Prevotella sp. AM34-19LB, and Phocaeicola plebeius, which are linked to poor immunological recovery. This work provides a scientific foundation toward therapeutic strategies targeting blood microbiota for immune recovery of HIV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyan Guo
- Senior Department of Infectious Diseases, The Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Zerui Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Mengmeng Qu
- Senior Department of Infectious Diseases, The Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Yuntian Guo
- Senior Department of Infectious Diseases, The Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Minrui Yu
- Senior Department of Infectious Diseases, The Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Weiguo Hong
- Senior Department of Infectious Diseases, The Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Chao Zhang
- Senior Department of Infectious Diseases, The Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Xing Fan
- Senior Department of Infectious Diseases, The Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Jinwen Song
- Senior Department of Infectious Diseases, The Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Ruonan Xu
- Senior Department of Infectious Diseases, The Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Jiyuan Zhang
- Senior Department of Infectious Diseases, The Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Huihuang Huang
- Senior Department of Infectious Diseases, The Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Enqiang Linghu
- Department of Gastroenterology, First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Fu-Sheng Wang
- Senior Department of Infectious Diseases, The Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Lijun Sun
- Center for Infectious Diseases, Beijing Youan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yan-Mei Jiao
- Senior Department of Infectious Diseases, The Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Beijing, China
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Ferrari V, Lo Cascio A, Melacarne A, Tanasković N, Mozzarelli AM, Tiraboschi L, Lizier M, Salvi M, Braga D, Algieri F, Penna G, Rescigno M. Sensitizing cancer cells to immune checkpoint inhibitors by microbiota-mediated upregulation of HLA class I. Cancer Cell 2023; 41:1717-1730.e4. [PMID: 37738976 DOI: 10.1016/j.ccell.2023.08.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2022] [Revised: 04/07/2023] [Accepted: 08/31/2023] [Indexed: 09/24/2023]
Abstract
Recent data have shown that gut microbiota has a major impact on the clinical response to immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) in the context of solid tumors. ICI-based therapy acts by unlocking cognate cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) effector responses, and increased sensitivity to ICIs is due to an enhancement of patients' tumor antigen (TA)-specific CTL responses. Cancer clearance by TA-specific CTL requires expression of relevant TAs on cancer cells' HLA class I molecules, and reduced HLA class I expression is a common mechanism used by cancer cells to evade the immune system. Here, we show that metabolites released by bacteria, in particular, phytosphingosine, can upregulate HLA class I expression on cancer cells, sensitizing them to TA-specific CTL lysis in vitro and in vivo, in combination with immunotherapy. This effect is mediated by postbiotic-induced upregulation of NLRC5 in response to upstream MYD88-NF-κB activation, thus significantly controlling tumor growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Ferrari
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Via Rita Levi Montalcini 4, 20072 Pieve Emanuele, Milan, Italy
| | - Antonino Lo Cascio
- IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, via Manzoni 56, 20089 Rozzano, Milan, Italy
| | - Alessia Melacarne
- IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, via Manzoni 56, 20089 Rozzano, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Alessandro M Mozzarelli
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Via Rita Levi Montalcini 4, 20072 Pieve Emanuele, Milan, Italy; IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, via Manzoni 56, 20089 Rozzano, Milan, Italy
| | - Luca Tiraboschi
- IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, via Manzoni 56, 20089 Rozzano, Milan, Italy
| | - Michela Lizier
- IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, via Manzoni 56, 20089 Rozzano, Milan, Italy
| | - Marta Salvi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Via Rita Levi Montalcini 4, 20072 Pieve Emanuele, Milan, Italy; IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, via Manzoni 56, 20089 Rozzano, Milan, Italy
| | - Daniele Braga
- IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, via Manzoni 56, 20089 Rozzano, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Giuseppe Penna
- IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, via Manzoni 56, 20089 Rozzano, Milan, Italy; Postbiotica S.r.l, Milan 20123, Italy
| | - Maria Rescigno
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Via Rita Levi Montalcini 4, 20072 Pieve Emanuele, Milan, Italy; IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, via Manzoni 56, 20089 Rozzano, Milan, Italy.
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Zeng K, Osaid M, van der Wijngaart W. Efficient filter-in-centrifuge separation of low-concentration bacteria from blood. LAB ON A CHIP 2023; 23:4334-4342. [PMID: 37712252 DOI: 10.1039/d3lc00594a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/16/2023]
Abstract
Separating bacteria from infected blood is an important step in preparing samples for downstream bacteria detection and analysis. However, the extremely low bacteria concentration and extremely high blood cell count make efficient separation challenging. In this study, we introduce a method for separating bacteria from blood in a single centrifugation step, which involves sedimentation velocity-based differentiation followed by size-based cross-flow filtration over an inclined filter. Starting from 1 mL spiked whole blood, we recovered 32 ± 4% of the bacteria (Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumonia, or Staphylococcus aureus) within one hour while removing 99.4 ± 0.1% of the red blood cells, 98.4 ± 1.4% of the white blood cells, and 90.0 ± 2.6% of the platelets. Changing the device material could further increase bacteria recovery to >50%. We demonstrated bacterial recovery from blood spiked with 10 CFU mL-1. Our simple hands-off efficient separation of low-abundant bacteria approaches clinical expectations, making the new method a promising candidate for future clinical use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaiyang Zeng
- Division of Micro and Nanosystems, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Mohammad Osaid
- Division of Micro and Nanosystems, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden.
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Oh S, Lee HJ, Park KU. Metagenomic characterization of the microbiomes in five different body habitats of otherwise healthy individuals with periodontal disease. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2023; 13:1257816. [PMID: 37780855 PMCID: PMC10534035 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2023.1257816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Recent studies have proposed several plausible mechanisms supporting the association between periodontal disease and systemic disease. However, characterizing the microbial communities in individuals with periodontal disease before onset of other diseases is an important first step in determining how the altered microbial state contributes to disease progression. This study established microbiome profiles for five body habitats of carefully selected, otherwise healthy individuals with periodontal disease. Methods Blood, oral (buccal mucosa, dental plaque, and saliva), and stool samples were collected from ten healthy subjects with periodontal disease. Using 16S rRNA metagenomics, the taxonomic and functional compositions of microbiomes were investigated. Results The most predominant phylum in blood and stool was Bacillota. Pseudomonadota accounted for the largest proportion of microbes in the buccal mucosa and saliva, whereas Bacteroidota were the most prevalent in dental plaque. Differential abundance analysis revealed that 12 phyla and 139 genera were differentially abundant between body habitats. Comparison of alpha diversity showed that the blood microbiome has the most diverse community close to neither oral nor stool microbiomes. We also predicted the functional configurations of the microbiome in otherwise healthy subjects with periodontal disease. Principal coordinate analysis based on functional abundance revealed distinct clustering of the microbial communities between different body habitats, as also observed for taxonomic abundance. In addition, 13 functional pathways, including lipopolysaccharide biosynthesis, glutathione metabolism, and proteasome, showed differential expression between habitats. Discussion Our results offer insight into the effects of the microbiome on systemic health and disease in people with periodontal disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sujin Oh
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyo-Jung Lee
- Department of Periodontology, Section of Dentistry, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyoung Un Park
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
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Rosendo-Silva D, Viana S, Carvalho E, Reis F, Matafome P. Are gut dysbiosis, barrier disruption, and endotoxemia related to adipose tissue dysfunction in metabolic disorders? Overview of the mechanisms involved. Intern Emerg Med 2023; 18:1287-1302. [PMID: 37014495 PMCID: PMC10412677 DOI: 10.1007/s11739-023-03262-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Accepted: 03/11/2023] [Indexed: 04/05/2023]
Abstract
Recently, compelling evidence points to dysbiosis and disruption of the epithelial intestinal barrier as major players in the pathophysiology of metabolic disorders, such as obesity. Upon the intestinal barrier disruption, components from bacterial metabolism and bacteria itself can reach peripheral tissues through circulation. This has been associated with the low-grade inflammation that characterizes obesity and other metabolic diseases. While circulating bacterial DNA has been postulated as a common feature of obesity and even type 2 diabetes, almost no focus has been given to the existence and effects of bacteria in peripheral tissues, namely the adipose tissue. As a symbiont population, it is expected that gut microbiota modulate the immunometabolism of the host, thus influencing energy balance mechanisms and inflammation. Gut inflammatory signals cause direct deleterious inflammatory responses in adipose tissue and may also affect key gut neuroendocrine mechanisms governing nutrient sensing and energy balance, like incretins and ghrelin, which play a role in the gut-brain-adipose tissue axis. Thus, it is of major importance to disclose how gut microbiota and derived signals modulate neuroendocrine and inflammatory pathways, which contribute to the dysfunction of adipose tissue and to the metabolic sequelae of obesity and related disorders. This review summarizes the current knowledge regarding these topics and identifies new perspectives in this field of research, highlighting new pathways toward the reduction of the inflammatory burden of metabolic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Rosendo-Silva
- Faculty of Medicine, Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR), University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
- Institute of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
- Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
- Clinical Academic Center of Coimbra (CACC), Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Sofia Viana
- Faculty of Medicine, Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR), University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
- Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
- Clinical Academic Center of Coimbra (CACC), Coimbra, Portugal
- Institute of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
- Instituto Politécnico de Coimbra, Coimbra Health School (ESTeSC), Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Eugénia Carvalho
- Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
- Center of Neuroscience and Cell Biology (CNC), University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
- Institute for Interdisciplinary Research, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Flávio Reis
- Faculty of Medicine, Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR), University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
- Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
- Clinical Academic Center of Coimbra (CACC), Coimbra, Portugal
- Institute of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Paulo Matafome
- Faculty of Medicine, Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR), University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.
- Institute of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.
- Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.
- Clinical Academic Center of Coimbra (CACC), Coimbra, Portugal.
- Instituto Politécnico de Coimbra, Coimbra Health School (ESTeSC), Coimbra, Portugal.
- Faculty of Medicine, Pole III of University of Coimbra, Subunit 1, 1st floor, Azinhaga de Santa Comba, Celas, 3000-354, Coimbra, Portugal.
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Gaskell SK, Henningsen K, Young P, Gill P, Muir J, Henry R, Costa RJS. The Impact of a 24-h Low and High Fermentable Oligo- Di- Mono-Saccharides and Polyol (FODMAP) Diet on Plasma Bacterial Profile in Response to Exertional-Heat Stress. Nutrients 2023; 15:3376. [PMID: 37571312 PMCID: PMC10420669 DOI: 10.3390/nu15153376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Revised: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Exertional-heat stress (EHS) compromises intestinal epithelial integrity, potentially leading to the translocation of pathogenic agents into circulation. This study aimed to explore the impact of EHS on the systemic circulatory bacterial profile and to determine the impact of a short-term low (LFOD) and high (HFOD) fermentable oligo- di- mono-saccharide and polyol dietary intervention before EHS on this profile. Using a double-blind randomized cross-over design, thirteen endurance runners (n = 8 males, n = 5 females), with a history of exercise-associated gastrointestinal symptoms (Ex-GIS), consumed a 24 h LFOD and HFOD before 2 h running at 60% V.O2max in 35.6 °C. Blood and fecal samples were collected pre-EHS to determine plasma microbial DNA concentration, and sample bacteria and short chain fatty acid (SCFA) profiles by fluorometer quantification, 16S rRNA amplicon gene sequencing, and gas chromatography, respectively. Blood samples were also collected post-EHS to determine changes in plasma bacteria. EHS increased plasma microbial DNA similarly in both FODMAP trials (0.019 ng·μL-1 to 0.082 ng·μL-1) (p < 0.01). Similar pre- to post-EHS increases in plasma Proteobacteria (+1.6%) and Firmicutes (+0.6%) phyla relative abundance were observed in both FODMAP trials. This included increases in several Proteobacteria genus (Delftia and Serratia) groups. LFOD presented higher fecal Firmicutes (74%) and lower Bacteroidota (10%) relative abundance pre-EHS, as a result of an increase in Ruminococcaceae and Lachnospiraceae family and respective genus groups, compared with HFOD (64% and 25%, respectively). Pre-EHS plasma total SCFA (p = 0.040) and acetate (p = 0.036) concentrations were higher for HFOD (188 and 178 μmol·L-1, respectively) vs. LFOD (163 and 153 μmol·L-1, respectively). Pre-EHS total fecal SCFA concentration (119 and 74 μmol·g-1; p < 0.001), including acetate (74 and 45 μmol·g-1; p = 0.001), butyrate (22 and 13 μmol·g-1; p = 0.002), and propionate (20 and 13 μmol·g-1; p = 0.011), were higher on HFOD vs LFOD, respectively. EHS causes the translocation of whole bacteria into systemic circulation and alterations to the plasma bacterial profile, but the FODMAP content of a 24 h diet beforehand does not alter this outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie K. Gaskell
- Department of Nutrition Dietetics & Food, Monash University, Notting Hill, VIC 3168, Australia; (S.K.G.); (K.H.); (P.Y.)
| | - Kayla Henningsen
- Department of Nutrition Dietetics & Food, Monash University, Notting Hill, VIC 3168, Australia; (S.K.G.); (K.H.); (P.Y.)
| | - Pascale Young
- Department of Nutrition Dietetics & Food, Monash University, Notting Hill, VIC 3168, Australia; (S.K.G.); (K.H.); (P.Y.)
| | - Paul Gill
- Department of Gastroenterology, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC 3004, Australia; (P.G.); (J.M.)
| | - Jane Muir
- Department of Gastroenterology, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC 3004, Australia; (P.G.); (J.M.)
| | - Rebekah Henry
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3168, Australia;
- Department of Civil Engineering, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3168, Australia
| | - Ricardo J. S. Costa
- Department of Nutrition Dietetics & Food, Monash University, Notting Hill, VIC 3168, Australia; (S.K.G.); (K.H.); (P.Y.)
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Mohsen Hammad DB, Abdulazeez Alhamad O, Mahdy obiad Khzal A, Mahdi Muslim Alameedy F. Molecular Characterisation of Blood Microbiome in Patients with Ankylosing Spondylitis and Healthy Controls. Med J Islam Repub Iran 2023; 37:84. [PMID: 38021395 PMCID: PMC10657266 DOI: 10.47176/mjiri.37.84] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background In human and animal studies, ankylosing spondylitis (AS) has been increasingly linked to changes in the microbial inhabitants in the human body (microbiome). These studies have primarily now concentrated on the microbial communities that live in the gastrointestinal tract. However, evidence suggests that various molecular techniques can be used to detect microbial DNA in blood circulation. This DNA might be an unknown reservoir of biomarkers with the potential to track alterations in the microbiomes of remote locations, such as the gut. To this end, we compared the presence and identity of microbial DNA in blood samples taken from ankylosing spondylitis patients to healthy control subjects by amplifying and sequencing the bacterial 16S rRNA variable region four. Methods The study's design is a case study based on the presence and identity of bacterial DNA in the blood of Ankylosing spondylitis (AS) patients (n = 10) and healthy control subjects (n = 10) was investigated by amplifying and sequencing the bacterial 16S rRNA gene. Blood concentrations of the cytokines TNF alpha, IL-17A, and IL-23 were determined by the Human Magnetic Luminex Screening, and data were analysed using an Unpaired T-test. Results Using PCR amplification, 8 of 10 AS patients (80%) and 8 of 10 healthy control samples (80%) had microbial 16S rRNA in their blood. At the phylum level, Proteobacteria (Control = 48.5%, AS = 52%), Firmicutes (Control = 27.8%, AS = 26.1%), Actinobacteria (Control = 15.4%, AS = 10.7%), and Bacteroidetes (Control = 6.5%, AS = 10%) dominated the blood microbiome. A two-tailed Mann-Whitney test found that Ankylosing Spondylitis was associated with significantly elevated Bacteroides (P < 0.05), Prevotella (P < 0.001), and Micrococcus (P < 0.01), and significantly reduced levels of Corynebacterium 1 (P < 0.001), Gemella (P < 0.01), and Alloprevotella (P < 0.05), compared to healthy controls. Additionally, it was shown that the presence of the Prevotella genus was highly positively correlated with higher levels of TNF-alpha (P < 0.05; r = 0.8) in AS patients' blood. Conclusion This article reveals that a blood microbiome exists in healthy individuals and identifies particular taxa modulated in disease. These blood-derived signatures indicate that this field needs more research and may be helpful as disease biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Omar Abdulazeez Alhamad
- Department of Biology, College of Education for Pure Science, University of
Mosul, Mosul, Iraq
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Luna N, Muñoz M, Castillo-Castañeda A, Hernandez C, Urbano P, Shaban M, Paniz-Mondolfi A, Ramírez JD. Characterizing the blood microbiota of omnivorous and frugivorous bats (Chiroptera: Phyllostomidae) in Casanare, eastern Colombia. PeerJ 2023; 11:e15169. [PMID: 37431467 PMCID: PMC10329821 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.15169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2022] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 07/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Bats are known reservoirs of seemingly-innocuous pathogenic microorganisms (including viruses, bacteria, fungi, and protozoa), which are associated with triggering disease in other zoonotic groups. The taxonomic diversity of the bats' microbiome is likely associated with species-specific phenotypic, metabolic, and immunogenic capacities. To date, few studies have described the diversity of bat blood microbial communities. Then, this study used amplicon-based next generation sequencing of the V4 hypervariable region of the 16S-rRNA gene in blood samples from omnivorous (n = 16) and frugivorous (n = 9) bats from the department of Casanare in eastern Colombia. We found the blood microbiota in bats to be composed of, among others, Bartonella and Mycoplasma bacterial genera which are associated with various disease phenotypes in other mammals. Furthermore, our results suggest that the bats' dietary habits might determine the composition and the persistence of some pathogens over others in their bloodstream. This study is among the first to describe the blood microbiota in bats, to reflect on co-infection rates of multiple pathogens in the same individual, and to consider the influence of diet as a factor affecting the animal's endogenous microbial community.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas Luna
- Centro de Investigaciones en Microbiología y Biotecnología-UR (CIMBIUR), Facultad de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad del Rosario, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Marina Muñoz
- Centro de Investigaciones en Microbiología y Biotecnología-UR (CIMBIUR), Facultad de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad del Rosario, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Adriana Castillo-Castañeda
- Centro de Investigaciones en Microbiología y Biotecnología-UR (CIMBIUR), Facultad de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad del Rosario, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Carolina Hernandez
- Centro de Investigaciones en Microbiología y Biotecnología-UR (CIMBIUR), Facultad de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad del Rosario, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Plutarco Urbano
- Centro de Investigaciones en Microbiología y Biotecnología-UR (CIMBIUR), Facultad de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad del Rosario, Bogotá, Colombia
- Universidad Internacional del Tropico Americano (Unitropico), Yopal, Colombia
| | - Maryia Shaban
- Molecular Microbiology Laboratory, Department of Pathology, Molecular and Cell-Based Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, United States of America
- Incubadora Venezolana de la Ciencia, Caracas, Venezuela
| | - Alberto Paniz-Mondolfi
- Molecular Microbiology Laboratory, Department of Pathology, Molecular and Cell-Based Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, United States of America
- Incubadora Venezolana de la Ciencia, Caracas, Venezuela
| | - Juan David Ramírez
- Centro de Investigaciones en Microbiología y Biotecnología-UR (CIMBIUR), Facultad de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad del Rosario, Bogotá, Colombia
- Molecular Microbiology Laboratory, Department of Pathology, Molecular and Cell-Based Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, United States of America
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Xu J, Molin G, Davidson S, Roth B, Sjöberg K, Håkansson Å. CRP in Outpatients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease Is Linked to the Blood Microbiota. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:10899. [PMID: 37446076 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241310899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2023] [Revised: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The circulation is a closed system that has been assumed to be free from bacteria, but evidence for the existence of a low-density blood microbiota is accumulating. The present study aimed to map the blood microbiota of outpatients with Crohn's disease (CD) or with ulcerative colitis (UC) by 16S metagenomics. A diverse microbiota was observed in the blood samples. Regardless of the type of disease, the alpha diversity of the microbiota was positively associated with C-reactive protein (CRP). The blood microbiota had a surprisingly high proportion of Proteobacteria in comparison with human oral and colonic microbiotas. There was no clear difference in the overall pattern of the microbiota between CD and UC. A non-template control (NTC) was included in the whole process to control for the potential contamination from the environment and reagents. Certain bacterial taxa were concomitantly detected in both blood samples and NTC. However, Acinetobacter, Lactobacillus, Thermicanus and Paracoccus were found in blood from both CD and UC patients but not in NTC, indicating the existence of a specific blood-borne microbiota in the patients. Achromobacter dominated in all blood samples, but a minor amount was also found in NTC. Micrococcaceae was significantly enriched in CD, but it was also detected in high abundance in NTC. Whether the composition of the blood microbiota could be a marker of a particular phenotype in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) or whether the blood microbiota could be used for diagnostic or therapeutic purposes deserves further attention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Xu
- Department of Food Technology, Engineering and Nutrition, Lund University, 22100 Lund, Sweden
| | - Göran Molin
- Department of Food Technology, Engineering and Nutrition, Lund University, 22100 Lund, Sweden
| | - Sanna Davidson
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, 21428 Malmö, Sweden
- Department of Gastroenterology and Nutrition, Skåne University Hospital, 20502 Malmö, Sweden
| | - Bodil Roth
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, 21428 Malmö, Sweden
- Department of Gastroenterology and Nutrition, Skåne University Hospital, 20502 Malmö, Sweden
| | - Klas Sjöberg
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, 21428 Malmö, Sweden
- Department of Gastroenterology and Nutrition, Skåne University Hospital, 20502 Malmö, Sweden
| | - Åsa Håkansson
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, 21428 Malmö, Sweden
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Kim H, Hong JS, Yun PY, Hwang KG, Kim KS, Lee HJ, Park KU. Exploration of the interplay between spatially distinct microbial habitats through comparative analysis. J Oral Microbiol 2023; 15:2229693. [PMID: 37396300 PMCID: PMC10308874 DOI: 10.1080/20002297.2023.2229693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2023] [Revised: 06/18/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives The oral microbiome is closely associated with systemic diseases, indicating the presence of bacteremia and inflammatory mediators in the systemic circulation. Our research aims to investigate the relationship between the oral microbiome and other microbial habitats. Methods We analyzed 180 specimens from 36 patients, including saliva, buccal swab, plaque, stool, and blood samples from a healthy group (Non_PD, n = 18) and a periodontitis group (PD, n = 18). The final analysis included 147 specimens, with varying sample sizes for each group. Metagenomic analysis was performed using prokaryotic 16S rRNA on the MiSeq platform (Illumina). Results PD saliva showed significant richness differences (P's < 0.05), similar to plaque. Buccal swabs had slight variations. Microbial network analysis revealed altered microbial interactions in the PD group, with decreased interactions in saliva and buccal swabs, and increased interactions in plaque. In our analysis of nine specimens where all paired habitat samples could be analyzed, microorganisms linked to oral periodontitis were found in sterile blood samples, resembling the oral cavity's composition. Conclusions Microbiome differences should consider overall microbial-environment interactions, alongside diversity and richness. Our data cautiously suggest that disease-related changes in the salivary microbiome may be reflected in blood specimens through the oral-blood axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyunji Kim
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital and Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin-Sil Hong
- Department of Periodontology, Section of Dentistry, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Pil-Young Yun
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Section of Dentistry, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
- Department of Dentistry and Dental Research Institute, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung-Gyun Hwang
- Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Department of Dentistry, College of Medicine, Hanyang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Keun-Suh Kim
- Department of Periodontology, Section of Dentistry, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyo-Jung Lee
- Department of Periodontology, Section of Dentistry, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyoung Un Park
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital and Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Sciarra F, Franceschini E, Campolo F, Venneri MA. The Diagnostic Potential of the Human Blood Microbiome: Are We Dreaming or Awake? Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:10422. [PMID: 37445600 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241310422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2023] [Revised: 06/01/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Human blood has historically been considered a sterile environment. Recently, a thriving microbiome dominated by Firmicutes, Actinobacteria, Proteobacteria, and Bacteroidetes phyla was detected in healthy blood. The localization of these microbes is restricted to some blood cell populations, particularly the peripheral blood mononuclear cells and erythrocytes. It was hypothesized that the blood microbiome originates from the skin-oral-gut axis. In addition, many studies have evaluated the potential of blood microbiome dysbiosis as a prognostic marker in cardiovascular diseases, cirrhosis, severe liver fibrosis, severe acute pancreatitis, type 2 diabetes, and chronic kidney diseases. The present review aims to summarize current findings and most recent evidence in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Sciarra
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Edoardo Franceschini
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Federica Campolo
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Mary Anna Venneri
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
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Herder EA, Skeen HR, Lutz HL, Hird SM. Body Size Poorly Predicts Host-Associated Microbial Diversity in Wild Birds. Microbiol Spectr 2023; 11:e0374922. [PMID: 37039681 PMCID: PMC10269867 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.03749-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2022] [Accepted: 03/12/2023] [Indexed: 04/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The composition and diversity of avian microbiota are shaped by many factors, including host ecologies and environmental variables. In this study, we examine microbial diversity across 214 bird species sampled in Malawi at five major body sites: blood, buccal cavity, gizzard, intestinal tract, and cloaca. Microbial community dissimilarity differed significantly across body sites. Ecological theory predicts that as area increases, so does diversity. We tested the hypothesis that avian microbiota diversity is correlated with body size, used as a proxy for area, using comparative phylogenetic methods. Using Pagel's lambda, we found that few microbial diversity metrics had significant phylogenetic signals. Phylogenetic generalized least squares identified a significant but weak negative correlation between host size and microbial diversity of the blood and a similarly significant but weakly positive correlation between the cloacal microbiota and host size among birds within the order Passeriformes. Phylosymbiosis, or a congruent branching pattern between host phylogeny and their associated microbiota similarity, was tested and found to be weak or not significant in four of the body sites with sufficient sample size (blood, buccal, cloaca, and intestines). Taken together, these results suggest that the avian microbiome is highly variable, with microbiota diversity demonstrating few clear associations with bird size. Finally, the blood microbiota have a unique relationship with host size. IMPORTANCE All animals coexist and interact with microorganisms, including bacteria, archaea, microscopic eukaryotes, and viruses. These microorganisms can have an enormous influence on the biology and health of macro-organisms. However, the general rules that govern these host-associated microbial communities are poorly described, especially in wild animals. In this paper, we investigate the microbial communities of over 200 species of birds from Malawi and characterize five body site bacterial microbiota in depth. Because the evolutionary relationships of the host underlie the relationship between any host-associated microbiota relationships, we use phylogenetic comparative methods to account for this relationship. We find that the size of a host (the bird) and the diversity and composition of the microbiota are largely uncorrelated. We also find that the general pattern of similarity between host phylogeny and microbiota similarity is weak. Together, we see that bird microbiota are not strongly tied to host size or evolutionary history.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth A. Herder
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut, USA
| | - Heather R. Skeen
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut, USA
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut, USA
- Negaunee Integrative Research Center, Field Museum of Natural History, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Holly L. Lutz
- Negaunee Integrative Research Center, Field Museum of Natural History, Chicago, Illinois, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, UC San Diego School of Medicine, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Sarah M. Hird
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut, USA
- Institute for Systems Genomics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut, USA
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Stefano GB, Büttiker P, Weissenberger S, Esch T, Anders M, Raboch J, Kream RM, Ptacek R. Independent and sensory human mitochondrial functions reflecting symbiotic evolution. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2023; 13:1130197. [PMID: 37389212 PMCID: PMC10302212 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2023.1130197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 07/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The bacterial origin of mitochondria has been a widely accepted as an event that occurred about 1.45 billion years ago and endowed cells with internal energy producing organelle. Thus, mitochondria have traditionally been viewed as subcellular organelle as any other - fully functionally dependent on the cell it is a part of. However, recent studies have given us evidence that mitochondria are more functionally independent than other organelles, as they can function outside the cells, engage in complex "social" interactions, and communicate with each other as well as other cellular components, bacteria and viruses. Furthermore, mitochondria move, assemble and organize upon sensing different environmental cues, using a process akin to bacterial quorum sensing. Therefore, taking all these lines of evidence into account we hypothesize that mitochondria need to be viewed and studied from a perspective of a more functionally independent entity. This view of mitochondria may lead to new insights into their biological function, and inform new strategies for treatment of disease associated with mitochondrial dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- George B. Stefano
- Department of Psychiatry, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Prague, Czechia
| | - Pascal Büttiker
- Department of Psychiatry, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Prague, Czechia
| | | | - Tobias Esch
- Institute for Integrative Health Care and Health Promotion, School of Medicine, Witten/Herdecke University, Witten, Germany
| | - Martin Anders
- Department of Psychiatry, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Prague, Czechia
| | - Jiri Raboch
- Department of Psychiatry, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Prague, Czechia
| | - Richard M. Kream
- Department of Psychiatry, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Prague, Czechia
| | - Radek Ptacek
- Department of Psychiatry, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Prague, Czechia
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Weber C, Dilthey A, Finzer P. The role of microbiome-host interactions in the development of Alzheimer´s disease. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2023; 13:1151021. [PMID: 37333848 PMCID: PMC10272569 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2023.1151021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer`s disease (AD) is the most prevalent cause of dementia. It is often assumed that AD is caused by an aggregation of extracellular beta-amyloid and intracellular tau-protein, supported by a recent study showing reduced brain amyloid levels and reduced cognitive decline under treatment with a beta-amyloid-binding antibody. Confirmation of the importance of amyloid as a therapeutic target notwithstanding, the underlying causes of beta-amyloid aggregation in the human brain, however, remain to be elucidated. Multiple lines of evidence point towards an important role of infectious agents and/or inflammatory conditions in the etiology of AD. Various microorganisms have been detected in the cerebrospinal fluid and brains of AD-patients and have thus been hypothesized to be linked to the development of AD, including Porphyromonas gingivalis (PG) and Spirochaetes. Intriguingly, these microorganisms are also found in the oral cavity under normal physiological conditions, which is often affected by multiple pathologies like caries or tooth loss in AD patients. Oral cavity pathologies are mostly accompanied by a compositional shift in the community of oral microbiota, mainly affecting commensal microorganisms and referred to as 'dysbiosis'. Oral dysbiosis seems to be at least partly mediated by key pathogens such as PG, and it is associated with a pro-inflammatory state that promotes the destruction of connective tissue in the mouth, possibly enabling the translocation of pathogenic microbiota from the oral cavity to the nervous system. It has therefore been hypothesized that dysbiosis of the oral microbiome may contribute to the development of AD. In this review, we discuss the infectious hypothesis of AD in the light of the oral microbiome and microbiome-host interactions, which may contribute to or even cause the development of AD. We discuss technical challenges relating to the detection of microorganisms in relevant body fluids and approaches for avoiding false-positives, and introduce the antibacterial protein lactoferrin as a potential link between the dysbiotic microbiome and the host inflammatory reaction.
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Jagare L, Rozenberga M, Silamikelis I, Ansone L, Elbere I, Briviba M, Megnis K, Konrade I, Birka I, Straume Z, Klovins J. Metatranscriptome analysis of blood in healthy individuals and irritable bowel syndrome patients. J Med Microbiol 2023; 72. [PMID: 37335601 DOI: 10.1099/jmm.0.001719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction. Although the presence of micro-organisms in the blood of healthy humans is a relatively new concept, there is a growing amount of evidence that blood might have its own microbiome.Gap Statement. Previous research has targeted the taxonomic composition of the blood microbiome using DNA-based sequencing methods, while little information is known about the presence of microbial transcripts obtained from the blood and their relation to conditions connected with increased gut permeability.Aim. To detect potentially alive and active micro-organisms and investigate differences in taxonomic composition between healthy people and patients with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), we used the metatranscriptomics approach.Methodology. We collected blood samples from 23 IBS patients and 26 volunteers from the general population, and performed RNAseq on the isolated RNA. Reads corresponding to microbial genomes were identified with Kraken 2's standard plus protozoa and fungi database, and re-estimated at genus level with Bracken 2.7. We looked for trends in the taxonomic composition, making a comparison between the IBS and control groups, accounting for other different factors.Results. The dominant genera in the blood microbiome were found to be Cutibacterium, Bradyrhizobium, Escherichia, Pseudomonas, Micrococcus, Delftia, Mediterraneibacter, Staphylococcus, Stutzerimonas and Ralstonia. Some of these are typical environmental bacteria and could partially represent contamination. However, analysis of sequences from the negative controls suggested that some genera which are characteristic of the gut microbiome (Mediterraneibacter, Blautia, Collinsella, Klebsiella, Coprococcus, Dysosmobacter, Anaerostipes, Faecalibacterium, Dorea, Simiaoa, Bifidobacterium, Alistipes, Prevotella, Ruminococcus) are less likely to be a result of contamination. Differential analysis of microbes between groups showed that some taxa associated with the gut microbiome (Blautia, Faecalibacterium, Dorea, Bifidobacterium, Clostridium, Christensenella) are more prevalent in IBS patients compared to the general population. No significant correlations with any other factors were identified.Conclusion. Our findings support the existence of the blood microbiome and suggest the gut and possibly the oral microbiome as its origin, while the skin microbiome is a possible but less certain source. The blood microbiome is likely influenced by states of increased gut permeability such as IBS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauma Jagare
- Latvian Biomedical Research and Study Centre, Human Genetics and Disease Mechanisms Group, Ratsupites iela 1, Riga, LV-1067, Latvia
| | - Maija Rozenberga
- Latvian Biomedical Research and Study Centre, Human Genetics and Disease Mechanisms Group, Ratsupites iela 1, Riga, LV-1067, Latvia
| | - Ivars Silamikelis
- Latvian Biomedical Research and Study Centre, Human Genetics and Disease Mechanisms Group, Ratsupites iela 1, Riga, LV-1067, Latvia
| | - Laura Ansone
- Latvian Biomedical Research and Study Centre, Human Genetics and Disease Mechanisms Group, Ratsupites iela 1, Riga, LV-1067, Latvia
| | - Ilze Elbere
- Latvian Biomedical Research and Study Centre, Human Genetics and Disease Mechanisms Group, Ratsupites iela 1, Riga, LV-1067, Latvia
| | - Monta Briviba
- Latvian Biomedical Research and Study Centre, Human Genetics and Disease Mechanisms Group, Ratsupites iela 1, Riga, LV-1067, Latvia
| | - Kaspars Megnis
- Latvian Biomedical Research and Study Centre, Human Genetics and Disease Mechanisms Group, Ratsupites iela 1, Riga, LV-1067, Latvia
| | - Ilze Konrade
- Riga Stradins University, Dzirciema iela 16, Riga, LV-1007, Latvia
| | - Ilze Birka
- Pauls Stradins Clinical University Hospital, Pilsonu iela 13, Riga, LV-1002, Latvia
| | - Zane Straume
- Ogre Regional Hospital, Slimnicas iela 2, Ogre, LV-5001, Latvia
| | - Janis Klovins
- Latvian Biomedical Research and Study Centre, Human Genetics and Disease Mechanisms Group, Ratsupites iela 1, Riga, LV-1067, Latvia
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45
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Lei Y, Liu Q, Li Q, Zhao C, Zhao M, Lu Q. Exploring the Complex Relationship Between Microbiota and Systemic Lupus Erythematosus. Curr Rheumatol Rep 2023; 25:107-116. [PMID: 37083877 DOI: 10.1007/s11926-023-01102-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/29/2023] [Indexed: 04/22/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a chronic autoimmune disease characterized by various autoantibodies and multi-organ. Microbiota dysbiosis in the gut, skin, oral, and other surfaces has a significant impact on SLE development. This article summarizes relevant research and provides new microbiome-related strategies for exploring the mechanisms and treating patients with SLE. RECENT FINDINGS SLE patients have disruptions in multiple microbiomes, with the gut microbiota (bacteria, viruses, and fungi) and their metabolites being the most thoroughly researched. This dysbiosis can promote SLE progression through mechanisms such as the leaky gut, molecular mimicry, and epigenetic regulation. Notwithstanding study constraints on the relationship between microbiota and SLE, specific interventions targeting the gut microbiota, such as probiotics, dietary management, and fecal microbiota transplantation, have emerged as promising SLE therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Lei
- Institute of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Nanjing, China
- Key Laboratory of Basic and Translational Research on Immune-Mediated Skin Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Skin Diseases and STIs, Nanjing, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenomics, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Qianmei Liu
- Institute of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Nanjing, China
- Key Laboratory of Basic and Translational Research on Immune-Mediated Skin Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Skin Diseases and STIs, Nanjing, China
| | - Qilin Li
- Institute of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Nanjing, China
- Key Laboratory of Basic and Translational Research on Immune-Mediated Skin Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Skin Diseases and STIs, Nanjing, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenomics, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Cheng Zhao
- Institute of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Nanjing, China
- Key Laboratory of Basic and Translational Research on Immune-Mediated Skin Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Skin Diseases and STIs, Nanjing, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenomics, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Ming Zhao
- Institute of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Nanjing, China.
- Key Laboratory of Basic and Translational Research on Immune-Mediated Skin Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Nanjing, China.
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Skin Diseases and STIs, Nanjing, China.
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenomics, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.
| | - Qianjin Lu
- Institute of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Nanjing, China.
- Key Laboratory of Basic and Translational Research on Immune-Mediated Skin Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Nanjing, China.
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Skin Diseases and STIs, Nanjing, China.
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenomics, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.
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Abstract
Peritoneal fibrosis is an important cause of peritoneal dialysis (PD) discontinuation worldwide and is associated with high morbidity and mortality rate. Although the era of metagenomics has provided new insights into the interactions between the gut microbiota and fibrosis in various organs and tissues, its role in peritoneal fibrosis has rarely been discussed. This review provides a scientific rationale and points out the potential role of gut microbiota in peritoneal fibrosis. In addition, the interaction between the gut, circulatory, and peritoneal microbiota is highlighted, with an emphasis on the relationship to PD outcomes. More research is needed to elucidate the mechanisms underlying the role of gut microbiota in peritoneal fibrosis and potentially unveil new target options for the management of PD technique failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Stepanova
- Address for Correspondence: Natalia Stepanova, MD, DSc, Prof., Department of Nephrology and Dialysis, State Institution “Institute of Nephrology of the National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine”, 17 V Degtyarivska, Kyiv 04050, Ukraine.
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Alashkar Alhamwe B, López JF, Zhernov Y, von Strandmann EP, Karaulov A, Kolahian S, Geßner R, Renz H. Impact of local human microbiota on the allergic diseases: Organ-organ interaction. Pediatr Allergy Immunol 2023; 34:e13976. [PMID: 37366206 DOI: 10.1111/pai.13976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2022] [Revised: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 06/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
The homogeneous impact of local dysbiosis on the development of allergic diseases in the same organ has been thoroughly studied. However, much less is known about the heterogeneous influence of dysbiosis within one organ on allergic diseases in other organs. A comprehensive analysis of the current scientific literature revealed that most of the relevant publications focus on only three organs: gut, airways, and skin. Moreover, the interactions appear to be mainly unidirectional, that is, dysbiotic conditions of the gut being associated with allergic diseases of the airways and the skin. Similar to homogeneous interactions, early life appears to be not only a crucial period for the formation of the microbiota in one organ but also for the later development of allergic diseases in other organs. In particular, we were able to identify a number of specific bacterial and fungal species/genera in the intestine that were repeatedly associated in the literature with either increased or decreased allergic diseases of the skin, like atopic dermatitis, or the airways, like allergic rhinitis and asthma. The reported studies indicate that in addition to the composition of the microbiome, also the relative abundance of certain microbial species and the overall diversity are associated with allergic diseases of the corresponding organs. As anticipated for human association studies, the underlying mechanisms of the organ-organ crosstalk could not be clearly resolved yet. Thus, further work, in particular experimental animal studies are required to elucidate the mechanisms linking dysbiotic conditions of one organ to allergic diseases in other organs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bilal Alashkar Alhamwe
- Institute of Laboratory Medicine, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), and the Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), Philipps University Marburg, Marburg, Germany
- Institute of Tumor Immunology, Clinic for Hematology, Oncology and Immunology, Center for Tumor Biology and Immunology, Philipps University Marburg, Marburg, Germany
- College of Pharmacy, International University for Science and Technology (IUST), Daraa, Syria
| | - Juan-Felipe López
- Institute for Immunological Research, University of Cartagena, Cartagena, Colombia
| | - Yury Zhernov
- Department of General Hygiene, F. Erismann Institute of Public Health, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russia
- Department of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Elke Pogge von Strandmann
- Institute of Tumor Immunology, Clinic for Hematology, Oncology and Immunology, Center for Tumor Biology and Immunology, Philipps University Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Alexander Karaulov
- Laboratory of Immunopathology, Department of Clinical Immunology and Allergy, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russia
| | - Saeed Kolahian
- Institute of Laboratory Medicine, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), and the Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), Philipps University Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Reinhard Geßner
- Institute of Laboratory Medicine, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), and the Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), Philipps University Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Harald Renz
- Institute of Laboratory Medicine, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), and the Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), Philipps University Marburg, Marburg, Germany
- Laboratory of Immunopathology, Department of Clinical Immunology and Allergy, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russia
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Bicknell B, Liebert A, Borody T, Herkes G, McLachlan C, Kiat H. Neurodegenerative and Neurodevelopmental Diseases and the Gut-Brain Axis: The Potential of Therapeutic Targeting of the Microbiome. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24119577. [PMID: 37298527 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24119577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2023] [Revised: 04/28/2023] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The human gut microbiome contains the largest number of bacteria in the body and has the potential to greatly influence metabolism, not only locally but also systemically. There is an established link between a healthy, balanced, and diverse microbiome and overall health. When the gut microbiome becomes unbalanced (dysbiosis) through dietary changes, medication use, lifestyle choices, environmental factors, and ageing, this has a profound effect on our health and is linked to many diseases, including lifestyle diseases, metabolic diseases, inflammatory diseases, and neurological diseases. While this link in humans is largely an association of dysbiosis with disease, in animal models, a causative link can be demonstrated. The link between the gut and the brain is particularly important in maintaining brain health, with a strong association between dysbiosis in the gut and neurodegenerative and neurodevelopmental diseases. This link suggests not only that the gut microbiota composition can be used to make an early diagnosis of neurodegenerative and neurodevelopmental diseases but also that modifying the gut microbiome to influence the microbiome-gut-brain axis might present a therapeutic target for diseases that have proved intractable, with the aim of altering the trajectory of neurodegenerative and neurodevelopmental diseases such as Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, multiple sclerosis, autism spectrum disorder, and attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder, among others. There is also a microbiome-gut-brain link to other potentially reversible neurological diseases, such as migraine, post-operative cognitive dysfunction, and long COVID, which might be considered models of therapy for neurodegenerative disease. The role of traditional methods in altering the microbiome, as well as newer, more novel treatments such as faecal microbiome transplants and photobiomodulation, are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian Bicknell
- NICM Health Research Institute, University of Western Sydney, Westmead, NSW 2145, Australia
| | - Ann Liebert
- NICM Health Research Institute, University of Western Sydney, Westmead, NSW 2145, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW 2006, Australia
- Department of Governance and Research, Sydney Adventist Hospital, Wahroonga, NSW 2076, Australia
| | - Thomas Borody
- Centre for Digestive Diseases, Five Dock, NSW 2046, Australia
| | - Geoffrey Herkes
- Department of Governance and Research, Sydney Adventist Hospital, Wahroonga, NSW 2076, Australia
| | - Craig McLachlan
- Centre for Healthy Futures, Torrens University Australia, Ultimo, NSW 2007, Australia
| | - Hosen Kiat
- NICM Health Research Institute, University of Western Sydney, Westmead, NSW 2145, Australia
- Centre for Healthy Futures, Torrens University Australia, Ultimo, NSW 2007, Australia
- Macquarie Medical School, Macquarie University, Macquarie Park, NSW 2109, Australia
- ANU College of Health and Medicine, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia
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Foo A, Cerdeira L, Hughes GL, Heinz E. Recovery of metagenomic data from the Aedes aegypti microbiome using a reproducible snakemake pipeline: MINUUR. Wellcome Open Res 2023; 8:131. [PMID: 37577055 PMCID: PMC10412942 DOI: 10.12688/wellcomeopenres.19155.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/18/2023] [Indexed: 08/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Ongoing research of the mosquito microbiome aims to uncover novel strategies to reduce pathogen transmission. Sequencing costs, especially for metagenomics, are however still significant. A resource that is increasingly used to gain insights into host-associated microbiomes is the large amount of publicly available genomic data based on whole organisms like mosquitoes, which includes sequencing reads of the host-associated microbes and provides the opportunity to gain additional value from these initially host-focused sequencing projects. Methods: To analyse non-host reads from existing genomic data, we developed a snakemake workflow called MINUUR (Microbial INsights Using Unmapped Reads). Within MINUUR, reads derived from the host-associated microbiome were extracted and characterised using taxonomic classifications and metagenome assembly followed by binning and quality assessment. We applied this pipeline to five publicly available Aedes aegypti genomic datasets, consisting of 62 samples with a broad range of sequencing depths. Results: We demonstrate that MINUUR recovers previously identified phyla and genera and is able to extract bacterial metagenome assembled genomes (MAGs) associated to the microbiome. Of these MAGS, 42 are high-quality representatives with >90% completeness and <5% contamination. These MAGs improve the genomic representation of the mosquito microbiome and can be used to facilitate genomic investigation of key genes of interest. Furthermore, we show that samples with a high number of KRAKEN2 assigned reads produce more MAGs. Conclusions: Our metagenomics workflow, MINUUR, was applied to a range of Aedes aegypti genomic samples to characterise microbiome-associated reads. We confirm the presence of key mosquito-associated symbionts that have previously been identified in other studies and recovered high-quality bacterial MAGs. In addition, MINUUR and its associated documentation are freely available on GitHub and provide researchers with a convenient workflow to investigate microbiome data included in the sequencing data for any applicable host genome of interest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aidan Foo
- Vector Biology and Tropical Disease Biology, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool, L3 5QA, UK
| | - Louise Cerdeira
- Vector Biology, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool, L3 5QA, UK
| | - Grant L. Hughes
- Vector Biology and Tropical Disease Biology, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool, L3 5QA, UK
| | - Eva Heinz
- Vector Biology and Clinical Sciences, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool, L3 5QA, UK
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50
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Speciani MC, Gargari G, Penagini R, Mutignani M, Ferraroni M, Natale A, Katsoulis M, Cintolo M, Leone P, Airoldi A, Vecchi M, Bonzi R, Ciafardini C, Oreggia B, Carnevali P, Guglielmetti S, Riso P, La Vecchia C, Rossi M. Garlic consumption in relation to colorectal cancer risk and to alterations of blood bacterial DNA. Eur J Nutr 2023:10.1007/s00394-023-03110-2. [PMID: 37093261 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-023-03110-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2022] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 04/25/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Garlic consumption has been inversely associated to intestinal adenoma (IA) and colorectal cancer (CRC) risk, although evidence is not consistent. Gut microbiota has been implied in CRC pathogenesis and is also influenced by garlic consumption. We analyzed whether dietary garlic influence CRC risk and bacterial DNA in blood. METHODS We conducted a case-control study in Italy involving 100 incident CRC cases, 100 IA and 100 healthy controls matched by center, sex and age. We used a validated food frequency questionnaire to assess dietary habits and garlic consumption. Blood bacterial DNA profile was estimated using qPCR and16S rRNA gene profiling. We derived odds ratios (ORs) and the corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of IA and CRC according to garlic consumption from multiple conditional logistic regression. We used Mann-Whitney and chi-square tests to evaluate taxa differences in abundance and prevalence. RESULTS The OR of CRC for medium/high versus low/null garlic consumption was 0.27 (95% CI = 0.11-0.66). Differences in garlic consumption were found for selected blood bacterial taxa. Medium/high garlic consumption was associated to an increase of Corynebacteriales order, Nocardiaceae family and Rhodococcus genus, and to a decrease of Family XI and Finegoldia genus. CONCLUSIONS The study adds data on the protective effect of dietary garlic on CRC risk. Moreover, it supports evidence of a translocation of bacterial material to bloodstream and corroborates the hypothesis of a diet-microbiota axis as a mechanism behind the role of garlic in CRC prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michela Carola Speciani
- Branch of Medical Statistics, Biometry, and Epidemiology "G. A. Maccacaro", Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, Università Degli Studi Di Milano, Via Celoria 22, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - Giorgio Gargari
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Roberto Penagini
- Gastroenterology and Endoscopy Unit, Fondazione Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122, Milan, Italy
- Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Massimiliano Mutignani
- Digestive and Interventional Endoscopy Unit, ASST Grande Ospedale Metropolitano Niguarda, Milan, Italy
| | - Monica Ferraroni
- Branch of Medical Statistics, Biometry, and Epidemiology "G. A. Maccacaro", Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, Università Degli Studi Di Milano, Via Celoria 22, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - Arianna Natale
- Branch of Medical Statistics, Biometry, and Epidemiology "G. A. Maccacaro", Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, Università Degli Studi Di Milano, Via Celoria 22, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - Michail Katsoulis
- MRC Unit for Lifelong Health and Ageing, Institute of Cardiovascular Science, UCL, London, UK
| | - Marcello Cintolo
- Digestive and Interventional Endoscopy Unit, ASST Grande Ospedale Metropolitano Niguarda, Milan, Italy
| | - Pierfrancesco Leone
- General Surgery Unit, Foundation IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Aldo Airoldi
- Hepatology and Gastroenterology Unit, ASST Grande Ospedale Metropolitano Niguarda, Milan, Italy
| | - Maurizio Vecchi
- Gastroenterology and Endoscopy Unit, Fondazione Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122, Milan, Italy
- Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Rossella Bonzi
- Branch of Medical Statistics, Biometry, and Epidemiology "G. A. Maccacaro", Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, Università Degli Studi Di Milano, Via Celoria 22, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - Clorinda Ciafardini
- Gastroenterology and Endoscopy Unit, Fondazione Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122, Milan, Italy
| | - Barbara Oreggia
- General Surgery Unit, Foundation IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Pietro Carnevali
- Division of Minimally-Invasive Surgical Oncology, Niguarda Cancer Center, ASST Grande Ospedale Metropolitano Niguarda, Milan, Italy
| | - Simone Guglielmetti
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Patrizia Riso
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Carlo La Vecchia
- Branch of Medical Statistics, Biometry, and Epidemiology "G. A. Maccacaro", Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, Università Degli Studi Di Milano, Via Celoria 22, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - Marta Rossi
- Branch of Medical Statistics, Biometry, and Epidemiology "G. A. Maccacaro", Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, Università Degli Studi Di Milano, Via Celoria 22, 20133, Milan, Italy.
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