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Mpakosi A, Sokou R, Theodoraki M, Kaliouli-Antonopoulou C. Neonatal Gut Mycobiome: Immunity, Diversity of Fungal Strains, and Individual and Non-Individual Factors. Life (Basel) 2024; 14:902. [PMID: 39063655 PMCID: PMC11278438 DOI: 10.3390/life14070902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2024] [Revised: 07/11/2024] [Accepted: 07/18/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The human gastrointestinal ecosystem, or microbiome (comprising the total bacterial genome in an environment), plays a crucial role in influencing host physiology, immune function, metabolism, and the gut-brain axis. While bacteria, fungi, viruses, and archaea are all present in the gastrointestinal ecosystem, research on the human microbiome has predominantly focused on the bacterial component. The colonization of the human intestine by microbes during the first two years of life significantly impacts subsequent composition and diversity, influencing immune system development and long-term health. Early-life exposure to pathogens is crucial for establishing immunological memory and acquired immunity. Factors such as maternal health habits, delivery mode, and breastfeeding duration contribute to gut dysbiosis. Despite fungi's critical role in health, particularly for vulnerable newborns, research on the gut mycobiome in infants and children remains limited. Understanding early-life factors shaping the gut mycobiome and its interactions with other microbial communities is a significant research challenge. This review explores potential factors influencing the gut mycobiome, microbial kingdom interactions, and their connections to health outcomes from childhood to adulthood. We identify gaps in current knowledge and propose future research directions in this complex field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Mpakosi
- Department of Microbiology, General Hospital of Nikaia “Agios Panteleimon”, 18454 Piraeus, Greece
| | - Rozeta Sokou
- Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, General Hospital of Nikaia “Agios Panteleimon”, 18454 Piraeus, Greece;
- Neonatal Department, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Aretaieio Hospital, 11528 Athens, Greece
| | - Martha Theodoraki
- Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, General Hospital of Nikaia “Agios Panteleimon”, 18454 Piraeus, Greece;
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Bhunjun C, Chen Y, Phukhamsakda C, Boekhout T, Groenewald J, McKenzie E, Francisco E, Frisvad J, Groenewald M, Hurdeal VG, Luangsa-ard J, Perrone G, Visagie C, Bai F, Błaszkowski J, Braun U, de Souza F, de Queiroz M, Dutta A, Gonkhom D, Goto B, Guarnaccia V, Hagen F, Houbraken J, Lachance M, Li J, Luo K, Magurno F, Mongkolsamrit S, Robert V, Roy N, Tibpromma S, Wanasinghe D, Wang D, Wei D, Zhao C, Aiphuk W, Ajayi-Oyetunde O, Arantes T, Araujo J, Begerow D, Bakhshi M, Barbosa R, Behrens F, Bensch K, Bezerra J, Bilański P, Bradley C, Bubner B, Burgess T, Buyck B, Čadež N, Cai L, Calaça F, Campbell L, Chaverri P, Chen Y, Chethana K, Coetzee B, Costa M, Chen Q, Custódio F, Dai Y, Damm U, Santiago A, De Miccolis Angelini R, Dijksterhuis J, Dissanayake A, Doilom M, Dong W, Álvarez-Duarte E, Fischer M, Gajanayake A, Gené J, Gomdola D, Gomes A, Hausner G, He M, Hou L, Iturrieta-González I, Jami F, Jankowiak R, Jayawardena R, Kandemir H, Kiss L, Kobmoo N, Kowalski T, Landi L, Lin C, Liu J, Liu X, Loizides M, Luangharn T, Maharachchikumbura S, Mkhwanazi GM, Manawasinghe I, Marin-Felix Y, McTaggart A, Moreau P, Morozova O, Mostert L, Osiewacz H, Pem D, Phookamsak R, Pollastro S, Pordel A, Poyntner C, Phillips A, Phonemany M, Promputtha I, Rathnayaka A, Rodrigues A, Romanazzi G, Rothmann L, Salgado-Salazar C, Sandoval-Denis M, Saupe S, Scholler M, Scott P, Shivas R, Silar P, Silva-Filho A, Souza-Motta C, Spies C, Stchigel A, Sterflinger K, Summerbell R, Svetasheva T, Takamatsu S, Theelen B, Theodoro R, Thines M, Thongklang N, Torres R, Turchetti B, van den Brule T, Wang X, Wartchow F, Welti S, Wijesinghe S, Wu F, Xu R, Yang Z, Yilmaz N, Yurkov A, Zhao L, Zhao R, Zhou N, Hyde K, Crous P. What are the 100 most cited fungal genera? Stud Mycol 2024; 108:1-411. [PMID: 39100921 PMCID: PMC11293126 DOI: 10.3114/sim.2024.108.01] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2024] [Accepted: 03/17/2024] [Indexed: 08/06/2024] Open
Abstract
The global diversity of fungi has been estimated between 2 to 11 million species, of which only about 155 000 have been named. Most fungi are invisible to the unaided eye, but they represent a major component of biodiversity on our planet, and play essential ecological roles, supporting life as we know it. Although approximately 20 000 fungal genera are presently recognised, the ecology of most remains undetermined. Despite all this diversity, the mycological community actively researches some fungal genera more commonly than others. This poses an interesting question: why have some fungal genera impacted mycology and related fields more than others? To address this issue, we conducted a bibliometric analysis to identify the top 100 most cited fungal genera. A thorough database search of the Web of Science, Google Scholar, and PubMed was performed to establish which genera are most cited. The most cited 10 genera are Saccharomyces, Candida, Aspergillus, Fusarium, Penicillium, Trichoderma, Botrytis, Pichia, Cryptococcus and Alternaria. Case studies are presented for the 100 most cited genera with general background, notes on their ecology and economic significance and important research advances. This paper provides a historic overview of scientific research of these genera and the prospect for further research. Citation: Bhunjun CS, Chen YJ, Phukhamsakda C, Boekhout T, Groenewald JZ, McKenzie EHC, Francisco EC, Frisvad JC, Groenewald M, Hurdeal VG, Luangsa-ard J, Perrone G, Visagie CM, Bai FY, Błaszkowski J, Braun U, de Souza FA, de Queiroz MB, Dutta AK, Gonkhom D, Goto BT, Guarnaccia V, Hagen F, Houbraken J, Lachance MA, Li JJ, Luo KY, Magurno F, Mongkolsamrit S, Robert V, Roy N, Tibpromma S, Wanasinghe DN, Wang DQ, Wei DP, Zhao CL, Aiphuk W, Ajayi-Oyetunde O, Arantes TD, Araujo JC, Begerow D, Bakhshi M, Barbosa RN, Behrens FH, Bensch K, Bezerra JDP, Bilański P, Bradley CA, Bubner B, Burgess TI, Buyck B, Čadež N, Cai L, Calaça FJS, Campbell LJ, Chaverri P, Chen YY, Chethana KWT, Coetzee B, Costa MM, Chen Q, Custódio FA, Dai YC, Damm U, de Azevedo Santiago ALCM, De Miccolis Angelini RM, Dijksterhuis J, Dissanayake AJ, Doilom M, Dong W, Alvarez-Duarte E, Fischer M, Gajanayake AJ, Gené J, Gomdola D, Gomes AAM, Hausner G, He MQ, Hou L, Iturrieta-González I, Jami F, Jankowiak R, Jayawardena RS, Kandemir H, Kiss L, Kobmoo N, Kowalski T, Landi L, Lin CG, Liu JK, Liu XB, Loizides M, Luangharn T, Maharachchikumbura SSN, Makhathini Mkhwanazi GJ, Manawasinghe IS, Marin-Felix Y, McTaggart AR, Moreau PA, Morozova OV, Mostert L, Osiewacz HD, Pem D, Phookamsak R, Pollastro S, Pordel A, Poyntner C, Phillips AJL, Phonemany M, Promputtha I, Rathnayaka AR, Rodrigues AM, Romanazzi G, Rothmann L, Salgado-Salazar C, Sandoval-Denis M, Saupe SJ, Scholler M, Scott P, Shivas RG, Silar P, Souza-Motta CM, Silva-Filho AGS, Spies CFJ, Stchigel AM, Sterflinger K, Summerbell RC, Svetasheva TY, Takamatsu S, Theelen B, Theodoro RC, Thines M, Thongklang N, Torres R, Turchetti B, van den Brule T, Wang XW, Wartchow F, Welti S, Wijesinghe SN, Wu F, Xu R, Yang ZL, Yilmaz N, Yurkov A, Zhao L, Zhao RL, Zhou N, Hyde KD, Crous PW (2024). What are the 100 most cited fungal genera? Studies in Mycology 108: 1-411. doi: 10.3114/sim.2024.108.01.
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Affiliation(s)
- C.S. Bhunjun
- School of Science, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai, 57100, Thailand
- Center of Excellence in Fungal Research, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai, 57100, Thailand
| | - Y.J. Chen
- Center of Excellence in Fungal Research, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai, 57100, Thailand
| | - C. Phukhamsakda
- Center of Excellence in Fungal Research, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai, 57100, Thailand
| | - T. Boekhout
- Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, Uppsalalaan 8, Utrecht, 3584 CT, The Netherlands
- The Yeasts Foundation, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - J.Z. Groenewald
- Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, Uppsalalaan 8, Utrecht, 3584 CT, The Netherlands
| | - E.H.C. McKenzie
- Landcare Research Manaaki Whenua, Private Bag 92170, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - E.C. Francisco
- Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, Uppsalalaan 8, Utrecht, 3584 CT, The Netherlands
- Laboratório Especial de Micologia, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - J.C. Frisvad
- Department of Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Technical University of Denmark, Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
| | | | - V. G. Hurdeal
- School of Science, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai, 57100, Thailand
- Center of Excellence in Fungal Research, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai, 57100, Thailand
| | - J. Luangsa-ard
- BIOTEC, National Science and Technology Development Agency (NSTDA), 111 Thailand Science Park, Phahonyothin Road, Khlong Nueng, Khlong Luang, Pathum Thani, 12120, Thailand
| | - G. Perrone
- Institute of Sciences of Food Production, National Research Council (CNR-ISPA), Via G. Amendola 122/O, 70126 Bari, Italy
| | - C.M. Visagie
- Department of Biochemistry, Genetics and Microbiology, Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute (FABI), University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - F.Y. Bai
- State Key Laboratory of Mycology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
- College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - J. Błaszkowski
- Laboratory of Plant Protection, Department of Shaping of Environment, West Pomeranian University of Technology in Szczecin, Słowackiego 17, PL-71434 Szczecin, Poland
| | - U. Braun
- Martin Luther University, Institute of Biology, Department of Geobotany and Botanical Garden, Neuwerk 21, 06099 Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - F.A. de Souza
- Núcleo de Biologia Aplicada, Embrapa Milho e Sorgo, Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária, Rodovia MG 424 km 45, 35701–970, Sete Lagoas, MG, Brazil
| | - M.B. de Queiroz
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Sistemática e Evolução, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Campus Universitário, Natal-RN, 59078-970, Brazil
| | - A.K. Dutta
- Molecular & Applied Mycology Laboratory, Department of Botany, Gauhati University, Gopinath Bordoloi Nagar, Jalukbari, Guwahati - 781014, Assam, India
| | - D. Gonkhom
- School of Science, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai, 57100, Thailand
- Center of Excellence in Fungal Research, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai, 57100, Thailand
| | - B.T. Goto
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Sistemática e Evolução, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Campus Universitário, Natal-RN, 59078-970, Brazil
| | - V. Guarnaccia
- Department of Agricultural, Forest and Food Sciences (DISAFA), University of Torino, Largo Braccini 2, 10095 Grugliasco, TO, Italy
| | - F. Hagen
- Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, Uppsalalaan 8, Utrecht, 3584 CT, The Netherlands
- Institute of Biodiversity and Ecosystem Dynamics (IBED), University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - J. Houbraken
- Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, Uppsalalaan 8, Utrecht, 3584 CT, The Netherlands
| | - M.A. Lachance
- Department of Biology, University of Western Ontario London, Ontario, Canada N6A 5B7
| | - J.J. Li
- College of Biodiversity Conservation, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, P.R. China
| | - K.Y. Luo
- College of Biodiversity Conservation, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, P.R. China
| | - F. Magurno
- Institute of Biology, Biotechnology and Environmental Protection, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Silesia in Katowice, Jagiellońska 28, 40-032 Katowice, Poland
| | - S. Mongkolsamrit
- BIOTEC, National Science and Technology Development Agency (NSTDA), 111 Thailand Science Park, Phahonyothin Road, Khlong Nueng, Khlong Luang, Pathum Thani, 12120, Thailand
| | - V. Robert
- Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, Uppsalalaan 8, Utrecht, 3584 CT, The Netherlands
| | - N. Roy
- Molecular & Applied Mycology Laboratory, Department of Botany, Gauhati University, Gopinath Bordoloi Nagar, Jalukbari, Guwahati - 781014, Assam, India
| | - S. Tibpromma
- Center for Yunnan Plateau Biological Resources Protection and Utilization, College of Biological Resource and Food Engineering, Qujing Normal University, Qujing, Yunnan 655011, P.R. China
| | - D.N. Wanasinghe
- Center for Mountain Futures, Kunming Institute of Botany, Honghe 654400, Yunnan, China
| | - D.Q. Wang
- College of Biodiversity Conservation, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, P.R. China
| | - D.P. Wei
- Center of Excellence in Fungal Research, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai, 57100, Thailand
- Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, Faculty of Agriculture, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand
- CAS Key Laboratory for Plant Diversity and Biogeography of East Asia, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan 650201, P.R. China
| | - C.L. Zhao
- College of Biodiversity Conservation, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, P.R. China
| | - W. Aiphuk
- Center of Excellence in Fungal Research, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai, 57100, Thailand
| | - O. Ajayi-Oyetunde
- Syngenta Crop Protection, 410 S Swing Rd, Greensboro, NC. 27409, USA
| | - T.D. Arantes
- Laboratório de Micologia, Departamento de Biociências e Tecnologia, Instituto de Patologia Tropical e Saúde Pública, Universidade Federal de Goiás, 74605-050, Goiânia, GO, Brazil
| | - J.C. Araujo
- Mykocosmos - Mycology and Science Communication, Rua JP 11 Qd. 18 Lote 13, Jd. Primavera 1ª etapa, Post Code 75.090-260, Anápolis, Goiás, Brazil
- Secretaria de Estado da Educação de Goiás (SEDUC/ GO), Quinta Avenida, Quadra 71, número 212, Setor Leste Vila Nova, Goiânia, Goiás, 74643-030, Brazil
| | - D. Begerow
- Organismic Botany and Mycology, Institute of Plant Sciences and Microbiology, Ohnhorststraße 18, 22609 Hamburg, Germany
| | - M. Bakhshi
- Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, Richmond, Surrey, TW9 3AE, UK
| | - R.N. Barbosa
- Micoteca URM-Department of Mycology Prof. Chaves Batista, Federal University of Pernambuco, Av. Prof. Moraes Rego, s/n, Center for Biosciences, University City, Recife, Pernambuco, Zip Code: 50670-901, Brazil
| | - F.H. Behrens
- Julius Kühn-Institute, Federal Research Centre for Cultivated Plants, Institute for Plant Protection in Fruit Crops and Viticulture, Geilweilerhof, D-76833 Siebeldingen, Germany
| | - K. Bensch
- Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, Uppsalalaan 8, Utrecht, 3584 CT, The Netherlands
| | - J.D.P. Bezerra
- Laboratório de Micologia, Departamento de Biociências e Tecnologia, Instituto de Patologia Tropical e Saúde Pública, Universidade Federal de Goiás, 74605-050, Goiânia, GO, Brazil
| | - P. Bilański
- Department of Forest Ecosystems Protection, Faculty of Forestry, University of Agriculture in Krakow, Al. 29 Listopada 46, 31-425 Krakow, Poland
| | - C.A. Bradley
- Department of Plant Pathology, University of Kentucky, Princeton, KY 42445, USA
| | - B. Bubner
- Johan Heinrich von Thünen-Institut, Bundesforschungsinstitut für Ländliche Räume, Wald und Fischerei, Institut für Forstgenetik, Eberswalder Chaussee 3a, 15377 Waldsieversdorf, Germany
| | - T.I. Burgess
- Harry Butler Institute, Murdoch University, Murdoch, 6150, Australia
| | - B. Buyck
- Institut de Systématique, Evolution, Biodiversité (ISYEB), Muséum National d’Histoire naturelle, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, EPHE, Université des Antilles, 57 rue Cuvier, CP 39, 75231, Paris cedex 05, France
| | - N. Čadež
- University of Ljubljana, Biotechnical Faculty, Food Science and Technology Department Jamnikarjeva 101, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - L. Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Mycology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - F.J.S. Calaça
- Mykocosmos - Mycology and Science Communication, Rua JP 11 Qd. 18 Lote 13, Jd. Primavera 1ª etapa, Post Code 75.090-260, Anápolis, Goiás, Brazil
- Secretaria de Estado da Educação de Goiás (SEDUC/ GO), Quinta Avenida, Quadra 71, número 212, Setor Leste Vila Nova, Goiânia, Goiás, 74643-030, Brazil
- Laboratório de Pesquisa em Ensino de Ciências (LabPEC), Centro de Pesquisas e Educação Científica, Universidade Estadual de Goiás, Campus Central (CEPEC/UEG), Anápolis, GO, 75132-903, Brazil
| | - L.J. Campbell
- School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - P. Chaverri
- Centro de Investigaciones en Productos Naturales (CIPRONA) and Escuela de Biología, Universidad de Costa Rica, 11501-2060, San José, Costa Rica
- Department of Natural Sciences, Bowie State University, Bowie, Maryland, U.S.A
| | - Y.Y. Chen
- Guizhou Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biotechnology, Guizhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guiyang 550006, China
| | - K.W.T. Chethana
- School of Science, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai, 57100, Thailand
- Center of Excellence in Fungal Research, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai, 57100, Thailand
| | - B. Coetzee
- Department of Plant Pathology, University of Stellenbosch, Private Bag X1, Matieland 7602, South Africa
- School for Data Sciences and Computational Thinking, University of Stellenbosch, South Africa
| | - M.M. Costa
- Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, Uppsalalaan 8, Utrecht, 3584 CT, The Netherlands
| | - Q. Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Mycology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - F.A. Custódio
- Departamento de Fitopatologia, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa-MG, Brazil
| | - Y.C. Dai
- State Key Laboratory of Efficient Production of Forest Resources, School of Ecology and Nature Conservation, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - U. Damm
- Senckenberg Museum of Natural History Görlitz, PF 300 154, 02806 Görlitz, Germany
| | - A.L.C.M.A. Santiago
- Post-graduate course in the Biology of Fungi, Department of Mycology, Federal University of Pernambuco, Av. Prof. Moraes Rego, s/n, 50740-465, Recife, PE, Brazil
| | | | - J. Dijksterhuis
- Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, Uppsalalaan 8, Utrecht, 3584 CT, The Netherlands
| | - A.J. Dissanayake
- Center for Informational Biology, School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 611731, China
| | - M. Doilom
- Innovative Institute for Plant Health/Key Laboratory of Green Prevention and Control on Fruits and Vegetables in South China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou 510225, Guangdong, P.R. China
| | - W. Dong
- Innovative Institute for Plant Health/Key Laboratory of Green Prevention and Control on Fruits and Vegetables in South China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou 510225, Guangdong, P.R. China
| | - E. Álvarez-Duarte
- Mycology Unit, Microbiology and Mycology Program, Biomedical Sciences Institute, University of Chile, Chile
| | - M. Fischer
- Julius Kühn-Institute, Federal Research Centre for Cultivated Plants, Institute for Plant Protection in Fruit Crops and Viticulture, Geilweilerhof, D-76833 Siebeldingen, Germany
| | - A.J. Gajanayake
- School of Science, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai, 57100, Thailand
- Center of Excellence in Fungal Research, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai, 57100, Thailand
| | - J. Gené
- Unitat de Micologia i Microbiologia Ambiental, Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut & IURESCAT, Universitat Rovira i Virgili (URV), Reus, Catalonia Spain
| | - D. Gomdola
- School of Science, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai, 57100, Thailand
- Center of Excellence in Fungal Research, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai, 57100, Thailand
- Mushroom Research Foundation, 128 M.3 Ban Pa Deng T. Pa Pae, A. Mae Taeng, Chiang Mai 50150, Thailand
| | - A.A.M. Gomes
- Departamento de Agronomia, Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco, Recife-PE, Brazil
| | - G. Hausner
- Department of Microbiology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, R3T 5N6
| | - M.Q. He
- State Key Laboratory of Mycology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - L. Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Mycology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
- Key Laboratory of Space Nutrition and Food Engineering, China Astronaut Research and Training Center, Beijing, 100094, China
| | - I. Iturrieta-González
- Unitat de Micologia i Microbiologia Ambiental, Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut & IURESCAT, Universitat Rovira i Virgili (URV), Reus, Catalonia Spain
- Department of Preclinic Sciences, Medicine Faculty, Laboratory of Infectology and Clinical Immunology, Center of Excellence in Translational Medicine-Scientific and Technological Nucleus (CEMT-BIOREN), Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco 4810296, Chile
| | - F. Jami
- Plant Health and Protection, Agricultural Research Council, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - R. Jankowiak
- Department of Forest Ecosystems Protection, Faculty of Forestry, University of Agriculture in Krakow, Al. 29 Listopada 46, 31-425 Krakow, Poland
| | - R.S. Jayawardena
- School of Science, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai, 57100, Thailand
- Center of Excellence in Fungal Research, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai, 57100, Thailand
- Kyung Hee University, 26 Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 02447, South Korea
| | - H. Kandemir
- Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, Uppsalalaan 8, Utrecht, 3584 CT, The Netherlands
| | - L. Kiss
- Centre for Crop Health, Institute for Life Sciences and the Environment, University of Southern Queensland, QLD 4350 Toowoomba, Australia
- Centre for Research and Development, Eszterházy Károly Catholic University, H-3300 Eger, Hungary
| | - N. Kobmoo
- BIOTEC, National Science and Technology Development Agency (NSTDA), 111 Thailand Science Park, Phahonyothin Road, Khlong Nueng, Khlong Luang, Pathum Thani, 12120, Thailand
| | - T. Kowalski
- Department of Forest Ecosystems Protection, Faculty of Forestry, University of Agriculture in Krakow, Al. 29 Listopada 46, 31-425 Krakow, Poland
| | - L. Landi
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Environmental Sciences, Marche Polytechnic University, Ancona, Italy
| | - C.G. Lin
- Center of Excellence in Fungal Research, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai, 57100, Thailand
- Center for Informational Biology, School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 611731, China
| | - J.K. Liu
- Center for Informational Biology, School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 611731, China
| | - X.B. Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory for Plant Diversity and Biogeography of East Asia, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan 650201, P.R. China
- Synthetic and Systems Biology Unit, Institute of Biochemistry, HUN-REN Biological Research Center, Temesvári krt. 62, Szeged H-6726, Hungary
- Yunnan Key Laboratory for Fungal Diversity and Green Development, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, Yunnan, China
| | | | - T. Luangharn
- Center of Excellence in Fungal Research, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai, 57100, Thailand
| | - S.S.N. Maharachchikumbura
- Center for Informational Biology, School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 611731, China
| | - G.J. Makhathini Mkhwanazi
- Department of Plant Pathology, University of Stellenbosch, Private Bag X1, Matieland 7602, South Africa
| | - I.S. Manawasinghe
- Innovative Institute for Plant Health/Key Laboratory of Green Prevention and Control on Fruits and Vegetables in South China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou 510225, Guangdong, P.R. China
| | - Y. Marin-Felix
- Department Microbial Drugs, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Inhoffenstrasse 7, 38124, Braunschweig, Germany
- Institute of Microbiology, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Spielmannstrasse 7, 38106, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - A.R. McTaggart
- Centre for Horticultural Science, Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation, The University of Queensland, Ecosciences Precinct, Dutton Park 4102, Queensland, Australia
| | - P.A. Moreau
- Univ. Lille, ULR 4515 - LGCgE, Laboratoire de Génie Civil et géo-Environnement, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - O.V. Morozova
- Komarov Botanical Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 2, Prof. Popov Str., 197376 Saint Petersburg, Russia
- Tula State Lev Tolstoy Pedagogical University, 125, Lenin av., 300026 Tula, Russia
| | - L. Mostert
- Department of Plant Pathology, University of Stellenbosch, Private Bag X1, Matieland 7602, South Africa
| | - H.D. Osiewacz
- Faculty for Biosciences, Institute for Molecular Biosciences, Goethe University, Max-von-Laue-Str. 9, 60438, Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - D. Pem
- School of Science, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai, 57100, Thailand
- Center of Excellence in Fungal Research, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai, 57100, Thailand
- Mushroom Research Foundation, 128 M.3 Ban Pa Deng T. Pa Pae, A. Mae Taeng, Chiang Mai 50150, Thailand
| | - R. Phookamsak
- Center for Mountain Futures, Kunming Institute of Botany, Honghe 654400, Yunnan, China
| | - S. Pollastro
- Department of Soil, Plant and Food Sciences, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
| | - A. Pordel
- Plant Protection Research Department, Baluchestan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, AREEO, Iranshahr, Iran
| | - C. Poyntner
- Institute of Microbiology, University of Innsbruck, Technikerstrasse 25, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - A.J.L. Phillips
- Faculdade de Ciências, Biosystems and Integrative Sciences Institute (BioISI), Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, 1749-016 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - M. Phonemany
- School of Science, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai, 57100, Thailand
- Center of Excellence in Fungal Research, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai, 57100, Thailand
- Mushroom Research Foundation, 128 M.3 Ban Pa Deng T. Pa Pae, A. Mae Taeng, Chiang Mai 50150, Thailand
| | - I. Promputtha
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - A.R. Rathnayaka
- School of Science, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai, 57100, Thailand
- Center of Excellence in Fungal Research, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai, 57100, Thailand
- Mushroom Research Foundation, 128 M.3 Ban Pa Deng T. Pa Pae, A. Mae Taeng, Chiang Mai 50150, Thailand
| | - A.M. Rodrigues
- Laboratory of Emerging Fungal Pathogens, Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Parasitology, Discipline of Cellular Biology, Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, 04023062, Brazil
| | - G. Romanazzi
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Environmental Sciences, Marche Polytechnic University, Ancona, Italy
| | - L. Rothmann
- Plant Pathology, Department of Plant Sciences, Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein, 9301, South Africa
| | - C. Salgado-Salazar
- Mycology and Nematology Genetic Diversity and Biology Laboratory, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agriculture Research Service (USDA-ARS), 10300 Baltimore Avenue, Beltsville MD, 20705, USA
| | - M. Sandoval-Denis
- Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, Uppsalalaan 8, Utrecht, 3584 CT, The Netherlands
| | - S.J. Saupe
- Institut de Biochimie et de Génétique Cellulaire, UMR 5095 CNRS Université de Bordeaux, 1 rue Camille Saint Saëns, 33077 Bordeaux cedex, France
| | - M. Scholler
- Staatliches Museum für Naturkunde Karlsruhe, Erbprinzenstraße 13, 76133 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - P. Scott
- Harry Butler Institute, Murdoch University, Murdoch, 6150, Australia
- Sustainability and Biosecurity, Department of Primary Industries and Regional Development, Perth WA 6000, Australia
| | - R.G. Shivas
- Centre for Crop Health, Institute for Life Sciences and the Environment, University of Southern Queensland, QLD 4350 Toowoomba, Australia
| | - P. Silar
- Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire des Energies de Demain, Université de Paris Cité, 75205 Paris Cedex, France
| | - A.G.S. Silva-Filho
- IFungiLab, Departamento de Ciências e Matemática (DCM), Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia de São Paulo (IFSP), São Paulo, BraziI
| | - C.M. Souza-Motta
- Micoteca URM-Department of Mycology Prof. Chaves Batista, Federal University of Pernambuco, Av. Prof. Moraes Rego, s/n, Center for Biosciences, University City, Recife, Pernambuco, Zip Code: 50670-901, Brazil
| | - C.F.J. Spies
- Agricultural Research Council - Plant Health and Protection, Private Bag X5017, Stellenbosch, 7599, South Africa
| | - A.M. Stchigel
- Unitat de Micologia i Microbiologia Ambiental, Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut & IURESCAT, Universitat Rovira i Virgili (URV), Reus, Catalonia Spain
| | - K. Sterflinger
- Institute of Natural Sciences and Technology in the Arts (INTK), Academy of Fine Arts Vienna, Augasse 2–6, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - R.C. Summerbell
- Sporometrics, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - T.Y. Svetasheva
- Tula State Lev Tolstoy Pedagogical University, 125, Lenin av., 300026 Tula, Russia
| | - S. Takamatsu
- Mie University, Graduate School, Department of Bioresources, 1577 Kurima-Machiya, Tsu 514-8507, Japan
| | - B. Theelen
- Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, Uppsalalaan 8, Utrecht, 3584 CT, The Netherlands
| | - R.C. Theodoro
- Laboratório de Micologia Médica, Instituto de Medicina Tropical do RN, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, 59078-900, Natal, RN, Brazil
| | - M. Thines
- Senckenberg Biodiversity and Climate Research Centre (BiK-F), Senckenberganlage 25, 60325 Frankfurt Am Main, Germany
| | - N. Thongklang
- School of Science, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai, 57100, Thailand
- Center of Excellence in Fungal Research, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai, 57100, Thailand
| | - R. Torres
- IRTA, Postharvest Programme, Edifici Fruitcentre, Parc Agrobiotech de Lleida, Parc de Gardeny, 25003, Lleida, Catalonia, Spain
| | - B. Turchetti
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Environmental Sciences and DBVPG Industrial Yeasts Collection, University of Perugia, Italy
| | - T. van den Brule
- Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, Uppsalalaan 8, Utrecht, 3584 CT, The Netherlands
- TIFN, P.O. Box 557, 6700 AN Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - X.W. Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Mycology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - F. Wartchow
- Departamento de Sistemática e Ecologia, Universidade Federal da Paraíba, Paraiba, João Pessoa, Brazil
| | - S. Welti
- Institute of Microbiology, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Spielmannstrasse 7, 38106, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - S.N. Wijesinghe
- School of Science, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai, 57100, Thailand
- Center of Excellence in Fungal Research, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai, 57100, Thailand
- Mushroom Research Foundation, 128 M.3 Ban Pa Deng T. Pa Pae, A. Mae Taeng, Chiang Mai 50150, Thailand
| | - F. Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Efficient Production of Forest Resources, School of Ecology and Nature Conservation, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - R. Xu
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225127, China
- Internationally Cooperative Research Center of China for New Germplasm Breeding of Edible Mushroom, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
| | - Z.L. Yang
- Syngenta Crop Protection, 410 S Swing Rd, Greensboro, NC. 27409, USA
- Yunnan Key Laboratory for Fungal Diversity and Green Development, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, Yunnan, China
| | - N. Yilmaz
- Department of Biochemistry, Genetics and Microbiology, Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute (FABI), University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - A. Yurkov
- Leibniz Institute DSMZ-German Collection of Microorganisms and Cell Cultures, Brunswick, Germany
| | - L. Zhao
- Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, Uppsalalaan 8, Utrecht, 3584 CT, The Netherlands
| | - R.L. Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Mycology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
- College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - N. Zhou
- Department of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Botswana University of Science and Technology, Private Bag, 16, Palapye, Botswana
| | - K.D. Hyde
- School of Science, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai, 57100, Thailand
- Center of Excellence in Fungal Research, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai, 57100, Thailand
- Innovative Institute for Plant Health/Key Laboratory of Green Prevention and Control on Fruits and Vegetables in South China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou 510225, Guangdong, P.R. China
- Key Laboratory of Economic Plants and Biotechnology and the Yunnan Key Laboratory for Wild Plant Resources, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, China
| | - P.W. Crous
- Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, Uppsalalaan 8, Utrecht, 3584 CT, The Netherlands
- Department of Biochemistry, Genetics and Microbiology, Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute (FABI), University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
- Microbiology, Department of Biology, Utrecht University, Padualaan 8, 3584 CH Utrecht
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3
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Shi L, Li J, Liu W, Shi D. Coexistence of Malassezia Species and Microsporum canis in the Lesions of Adult with Tinea Capitis. Infect Drug Resist 2024; 17:2431-2438. [PMID: 38912215 PMCID: PMC11193443 DOI: 10.2147/idr.s455485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2024] [Indexed: 06/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Tinea capitis, primarily caused by dermatophytes such as Trichophyton and Microsporum species, is a superficial fungal infection affecting the scalp and hair, commonly observed in prepubertal children but rare in adults. Here we report a unique case of an adult female with tinea capitis presenting as diffused alopecia and erythema inflammation on the scalp's apex, mimicking seborrheic dermatitis. Examination of the hair and scalp using fluorescence microscopy and fungal culture identified the presence of hyphae from Malassezia globosa, Malassezia furfur and Microsporum canis. The patient underwent with oral antifungal treatment for 3 months, resulting in the resolution of the rash and subsequent hair regrowth, with no recurrence during 6-month follow-up. In vitro co-culture experiments of Microsporum canis and Malassezia (both Malassezia globose and Malassezia furfur) revealed that Malassezia appears to facilitate Microsporum canis growth, while the reverse was not observed. This data suggests that Malassezia's use of long-chain fatty acids by might reduce its antibacterial effect, potentially aiding adult tinea capitis development caused by Microsporum canis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leyao Shi
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Juanjuan Li
- Department of First Clinical Medical College, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu Province, 221004, People’s Republic of China
| | - Weida Liu
- Department of Medical Mycology, Institute of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Nanjing, 210042, People’s Republic of China
| | - Dongmei Shi
- Department of Dermatology, Jining No. 1 People’s Hospital, Jining, Shandong, 272067, People’s Republic of China
- Laboratory of Medical Mycology, Jining No. 1 People’s Hospital, Jining, Shandong, People’s Republic of China
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4
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Yan Q, Li S, Yan Q, Huo X, Wang C, Wang X, Sun Y, Zhao W, Yu Z, Zhang Y, Guo R, Lv Q, He X, Yao C, Li Z, Chen F, Ji Q, Zhang A, Jin H, Wang G, Feng X, Feng L, Wu F, Ning J, Deng S, An Y, Guo DA, Martin FM, Ma X. A genomic compendium of cultivated human gut fungi characterizes the gut mycobiome and its relevance to common diseases. Cell 2024; 187:2969-2989.e24. [PMID: 38776919 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2024.04.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2023] [Revised: 02/17/2024] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
The gut fungal community represents an essential element of human health, yet its functional and metabolic potential remains insufficiently elucidated, largely due to the limited availability of reference genomes. To address this gap, we presented the cultivated gut fungi (CGF) catalog, encompassing 760 fungal genomes derived from the feces of healthy individuals. This catalog comprises 206 species spanning 48 families, including 69 species previously unidentified. We explored the functional and metabolic attributes of the CGF species and utilized this catalog to construct a phylogenetic representation of the gut mycobiome by analyzing over 11,000 fecal metagenomes from Chinese and non-Chinese populations. Moreover, we identified significant common disease-related variations in gut mycobiome composition and corroborated the associations between fungal signatures and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) through animal experimentation. These resources and findings substantially enrich our understanding of the biological diversity and disease relevance of the human gut mycobiome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiulong Yan
- Second Affiliated Hospital, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China; Dalian Key Laboratory of Metabolic Target Characterization and Traditional Chinese Medicine Intervention, School of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China; College of Basic Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Shenghui Li
- Puensum Genetech Institute, Wuhan 430076, China; Key Laboratory of Precision Nutrition and Food Quality, Department of Nutrition and Health, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100091, China
| | - Qingsong Yan
- Second Affiliated Hospital, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Xiaokui Huo
- Second Affiliated Hospital, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Chao Wang
- Second Affiliated Hospital, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China; Dalian Key Laboratory of Metabolic Target Characterization and Traditional Chinese Medicine Intervention, School of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China; First Affiliated Hospital, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China.
| | - Xifan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Precision Nutrition and Food Quality, Department of Nutrition and Health, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100091, China; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA
| | - Yan Sun
- Second Affiliated Hospital, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Wenyu Zhao
- Dalian Key Laboratory of Metabolic Target Characterization and Traditional Chinese Medicine Intervention, School of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Zhenlong Yu
- Dalian Key Laboratory of Metabolic Target Characterization and Traditional Chinese Medicine Intervention, School of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Yue Zhang
- Puensum Genetech Institute, Wuhan 430076, China
| | - Ruochun Guo
- Puensum Genetech Institute, Wuhan 430076, China
| | - Qingbo Lv
- Puensum Genetech Institute, Wuhan 430076, China
| | - Xin He
- Dalian Key Laboratory of Metabolic Target Characterization and Traditional Chinese Medicine Intervention, School of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China; Shanghai Research Center for Modernization of Traditional Chinese Medicine, National Engineering Laboratory for TCM Standardization Technology, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Changliang Yao
- Shanghai Research Center for Modernization of Traditional Chinese Medicine, National Engineering Laboratory for TCM Standardization Technology, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201210, China
| | | | - Fang Chen
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Qianru Ji
- Puensum Genetech Institute, Wuhan 430076, China
| | - Aiqin Zhang
- Puensum Genetech Institute, Wuhan 430076, China
| | - Hao Jin
- Puensum Genetech Institute, Wuhan 430076, China
| | - Guangyang Wang
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Xiaoying Feng
- Second Affiliated Hospital, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Lei Feng
- Second Affiliated Hospital, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Fan Wu
- Second Affiliated Hospital, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Jing Ning
- Dalian Key Laboratory of Metabolic Target Characterization and Traditional Chinese Medicine Intervention, School of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Sa Deng
- Dalian Key Laboratory of Metabolic Target Characterization and Traditional Chinese Medicine Intervention, School of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Yue An
- Second Affiliated Hospital, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China
| | - De-An Guo
- Shanghai Research Center for Modernization of Traditional Chinese Medicine, National Engineering Laboratory for TCM Standardization Technology, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201210, China.
| | - Francis M Martin
- Université de Lorraine, Institut national de recherche pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement, UMR Interactions Arbres/Microorganismes, Centre INRAE Grand Est-Nancy, Champenoux 54280, France; Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Tree Breeding by Molecular Design, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100091, China.
| | - Xiaochi Ma
- Second Affiliated Hospital, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China; Dalian Key Laboratory of Metabolic Target Characterization and Traditional Chinese Medicine Intervention, School of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China.
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5
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Hobi S, Bęczkowski PM, Mueller R, Tse M, Barrs VR. Malassezia dermatitis in dogs and cats. Vet J 2024; 304:106084. [PMID: 38431127 DOI: 10.1016/j.tvjl.2024.106084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2023] [Revised: 02/16/2024] [Accepted: 02/18/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
Malassezia are members of the mycobiome of dogs and cats. In the presence of an underlying disease, these yeasts can proliferate, attach to the skin or mucosa to induce a secondary Malassezia dermatitis, otitis externa or paronychia. Since allergic dermatitis is one of the most common underlying causes, diagnostic investigation for allergy is often indicated. Cats may suffer from various other underlying problems, especially where Malassezia dermatitis is generalised. Malassezia dermatitis in dogs and cats is chronic, relapsing and pruritic. Direct cytology from dermatological lesions and the ear canal, showing "peanut-shaped" budding yeasts, facilitates a rapid and reliable diagnosis. Topical treatment includes antiseptic and antifungal azole-based products. Systemic treatment with oral antifungals is indicated only in severe or refractory disease. Identification and treatment of the underlying cause is essential for an optimal response. In this evidence-based narrative review, we discuss the clinical presentation of Malassezia dermatitis in dogs and cats, underlying comorbidities, and diagnostic considerations. Treatment is discussed in light of emerging evidence of antifungal resistance and the authors' clinical experience.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Hobi
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Jockey Club College of Veterinary Medicine and Life Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong Administrative Region of China.
| | - Paweł M Bęczkowski
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Jockey Club College of Veterinary Medicine and Life Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong Administrative Region of China
| | - Ralf Mueller
- LMU Small Animal Clinic, University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - May Tse
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Jockey Club College of Veterinary Medicine and Life Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong Administrative Region of China
| | - Vanessa R Barrs
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Jockey Club College of Veterinary Medicine and Life Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong Administrative Region of China; Centre for Animal Health and Welfare, Jockey Club College of Veterinary Medicine and Life Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong Administrative Region of China
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6
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García-Gamboa R, Díaz-Torres O, Senés-Guerrero C, Gradilla-Hernández MS, Moya A, Pérez-Brocal V, Garcia-Gonzalez A, González-Avila M. Associations between bacterial and fungal communities in the human gut microbiota and their implications for nutritional status and body weight. Sci Rep 2024; 14:5703. [PMID: 38459054 PMCID: PMC10923939 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-54782-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/16/2024] [Indexed: 03/10/2024] Open
Abstract
This study examined the interplay between bacterial and fungal communities in the human gut microbiota, impacting on nutritional status and body weight. Cohorts of 10 participants of healthy weight, 10 overweight, and 10 obese individuals, underwent comprehensive analysis, including dietary, anthropometric, and biochemical evaluations. Microbial composition was studied via gene sequencing of 16S and ITS rDNA regions, revealing bacterial (bacteriota) and fungal (mycobiota) profiles. Bacterial diversity exceeded fungal diversity. Statistically significant differences in bacterial communities were found within healthy-weight, overweight, and obese groups. The Bacillota/Bacteroidota ratio (previously known as the Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio) correlated positively with body mass index. The predominant fungal phyla were Ascomycota and Basidiomycota, with the genera Nakaseomyces, Kazachstania, Kluyveromyces, and Hanseniaspora, inversely correlating with weight gain; while Saccharomyces, Debaryomyces, and Pichia correlated positively with body mass index. Overweight and obese individuals who harbored a higher abundance of Akkermansia muciniphila, demonstrated a favorable lipid and glucose profiles in contrast to those with lower abundance. The overweight group had elevated Candida, positively linked to simple carbohydrate consumption. The study underscores the role of microbial taxa in body mass index and metabolic health. An imbalanced gut bacteriota/mycobiota may contribute to obesity/metabolic disorders, highlighting the significance of investigating both communities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ricardo García-Gamboa
- Centro de Investigación y Asistencia en Tecnología y Diseño del Estado de Jalisco A.C., Av. Normalistas No. 800, col Colinas de la Normal, 44270, Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Escuela de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Av. General Ramon Corona 2514, Nuevo Mexico, 45138, Zapopan, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Osiris Díaz-Torres
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Escuela de Ingenieria y Ciencias, Laboratorio de Sostenibilidad y Cambio Climático, Av. General Ramon Corona 2514, 45138, Zapopan, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Carolina Senés-Guerrero
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Escuela de Ingenieria y Ciencias, Laboratorio de Sostenibilidad y Cambio Climático, Av. General Ramon Corona 2514, 45138, Zapopan, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Misael Sebastián Gradilla-Hernández
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Escuela de Ingenieria y Ciencias, Laboratorio de Sostenibilidad y Cambio Climático, Av. General Ramon Corona 2514, 45138, Zapopan, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Andrés Moya
- Department of Genomics and Health, Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research of Valencia Region (FISABIO-Public Health), Valencia, Spain
- CIBER in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBEResp), Madrid, Spain
- Institute for Integrative Systems Biology (I2SysBio), The University of Valencia and The Spanish National Research Council (CSIC-UVEG), Valencia, Spain
| | - Vicente Pérez-Brocal
- Department of Genomics and Health, Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research of Valencia Region (FISABIO-Public Health), Valencia, Spain
- CIBER in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBEResp), Madrid, Spain
| | - Alejandro Garcia-Gonzalez
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Escuela de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Av. General Ramon Corona 2514, Nuevo Mexico, 45138, Zapopan, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Marisela González-Avila
- Centro de Investigación y Asistencia en Tecnología y Diseño del Estado de Jalisco A.C., Av. Normalistas No. 800, col Colinas de la Normal, 44270, Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico.
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7
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Jiang Q, Zhang J, Zhou G. Oral Malassezia infection co-occurring with tinea versicolor: metagenomic sequencing of the saliva. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol 2024; 137:e45-e52. [PMID: 38155006 DOI: 10.1016/j.oooo.2023.10.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2023] [Revised: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/30/2023]
Abstract
Malassezia is a lipid-dependent cutaneous symbiotic fungal genus associated with tinea versicolor. Here, we first present a rare case of a young tinea versicolor patient with oral manifestations presenting as white strips, patches, and pigmentation. The patient had a family history of tinea versicolor and a habit of frequent intake of cream. Histopathologic features and periodic acid-schiff staining of oral lesion indicated oral infection with round budding yeasts with short hyphae. Saliva metagenomic sequencing identified Malassezia and demonstrated the upregulated amount, diversity and activity of inflammatory bacteria. The clinical manifestations of oral Malassezia infection and changes in bacterial communities shed light on the pathogenic role of Malassezia in oral mucosa. In conclusion, we report the first oral Malassezia infection, which broadens the pathogenic cognitive scope of Malassezia and highlights the value of molecular techniques in the diagnostic process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qin Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, China; Department of Oral Medicine, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, China.
| | - Gang Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, China; Department of Oral Medicine, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, China.
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8
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Rodriguez KA, Gurung M, Talatala R, Rearick JR, Ruebel ML, Stephens KE, Yeruva L. The Role of Early Life Gut Mycobiome on Child Health. Adv Nutr 2024; 15:100185. [PMID: 38311313 PMCID: PMC10907404 DOI: 10.1016/j.advnut.2024.100185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Revised: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 02/10/2024] Open
Abstract
The human gut microbiota is composed of bacteria (microbiota or microbiome), fungi (mycobiome), viruses, and archaea, but most of the research is primarily focused on the bacterial component of this ecosystem. Besides bacteria, fungi have been shown to play a role in host health and physiologic functions. However, studies on mycobiota composition during infancy, the factors that might shape infant gut mycobiota, and implications to child health and development are limited. In this review, we discuss the factors likely shaping gut mycobiota, interkingdom interactions, and associations with child health outcomes and highlight the gaps in our current knowledge of this ecosystem.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kayleigh Amber Rodriguez
- Arkansas Children's Research Institute, Little Rock, AR, United States; University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Department of Pediatrics, Division of Infectious Diseases, Little Rock, AR, United States
| | - Manoj Gurung
- Microbiome and Metabolism Research Unit, United States Department of Agriculture, Agriculture Research Service, Little Rock, AR, United States; Arkansas Children's Nutrition Center, Little Rock, AR, United States
| | - Rachelanne Talatala
- Microbiome and Metabolism Research Unit, United States Department of Agriculture, Agriculture Research Service, Little Rock, AR, United States
| | - Jolene R Rearick
- Microbiome and Metabolism Research Unit, United States Department of Agriculture, Agriculture Research Service, Little Rock, AR, United States; Arkansas Children's Nutrition Center, Little Rock, AR, United States
| | - Meghan L Ruebel
- Microbiome and Metabolism Research Unit, United States Department of Agriculture, Agriculture Research Service, Little Rock, AR, United States; Arkansas Children's Nutrition Center, Little Rock, AR, United States
| | - Kimberly E Stephens
- Arkansas Children's Research Institute, Little Rock, AR, United States; University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Department of Pediatrics, Division of Infectious Diseases, Little Rock, AR, United States.
| | - Laxmi Yeruva
- Microbiome and Metabolism Research Unit, United States Department of Agriculture, Agriculture Research Service, Little Rock, AR, United States; Arkansas Children's Nutrition Center, Little Rock, AR, United States.
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9
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Pandey H, Jain D, Tang DWT, Wong SH, Lal D. Gut microbiota in pathophysiology, diagnosis, and therapeutics of inflammatory bowel disease. Intest Res 2024; 22:15-43. [PMID: 37935653 PMCID: PMC10850697 DOI: 10.5217/ir.2023.00080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Revised: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 08/27/2023] [Indexed: 11/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a multifactorial disease, which is thought to be an interplay between genetic, environment, microbiota, and immune-mediated factors. Dysbiosis in the gut microbial composition, caused by antibiotics and diet, is closely related to the initiation and progression of IBD. Differences in gut microbiota composition between IBD patients and healthy individuals have been found, with reduced biodiversity of commensal microbes and colonization of opportunistic microbes in IBD patients. Gut microbiota can, therefore, potentially be used for diagnosing and prognosticating IBD, and predicting its treatment response. Currently, there are no curative therapies for IBD. Microbiota-based interventions, including probiotics, prebiotics, synbiotics, and fecal microbiota transplantation, have been recognized as promising therapeutic strategies. Clinical studies and studies done in animal models have provided sufficient evidence that microbiota-based interventions may improve inflammation, the remission rate, and microscopic aspects of IBD. Further studies are required to better understand the mechanisms of action of such interventions. This will help in enhancing their effectiveness and developing personalized therapies. The present review summarizes the relationship between gut microbiota and IBD immunopathogenesis. It also discusses the use of gut microbiota as a noninvasive biomarker and potential therapeutic option.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Daryl W. T. Tang
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore
| | - Sunny H. Wong
- Centre for Microbiome Medicine, Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore
| | - Devi Lal
- Department of Zoology, Ramjas College, University of Delhi, Delhi, India
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10
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Rintarhat P, Cho YJ, Koh H, Park S, Lee EJ, Lim H, Noh J, Lee DW, Jung WH. Assessment of DNA extraction methods for human gut mycobiome analysis. ROYAL SOCIETY OPEN SCIENCE 2024; 11:231129. [PMID: 38204788 PMCID: PMC10776226 DOI: 10.1098/rsos.231129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
The gut mycobiome plays an important role in the health and disease of the human gut, but its exact function is still under investigation. While there is a wealth of information available on the bacterial community of the human gut microbiome, research on the fungal community is still relatively limited. In particular, technical methodologies for mycobiome analysis, especially the DNA extraction method for human faecal samples, varied in different studies. In the current study, two commercial kits commonly used in DNA extraction, the QIAamp® Fast DNA Stool Mini Kit and DNeasy PowerSoil Pro Kit, and one manual method, the International Human Microbiome Standards Protocol Q, were compared. Furthermore, the effectiveness of two different bead-beating machines, the Mini-Beadbeater-16 and FastPrep-24TM 5G, was compared in parallel. A mock fungal community with a known composition of fungal strains was also generated and included to compare different DNA extraction methods. Our results suggested that the method using the DNeasy PowerSoil Pro Kit and Mini-Beadbeater-16 provides the best results to extract DNA from human faecal samples. Based on our data, we propose a standard operating procedure for DNA extraction from human faecal samples for mycobiome analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piyapat Rintarhat
- Department of Systems Biotechnology, Chung-Ang University, Anseong 17546, Korea
| | - Yong-Joon Cho
- Department of Molecular Bioscience, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Korea
| | - Hong Koh
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Department of Pediatrics, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sowon Park
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Department of Pediatrics, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Eun Joo Lee
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Department of Pediatrics, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyeji Lim
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Department of Pediatrics, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jihye Noh
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Department of Pediatrics, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Dong-Woo Lee
- Department of Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Won Hee Jung
- Department of Systems Biotechnology, Chung-Ang University, Anseong 17546, Korea
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11
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Townsend N, Hazan A, Dell'Acqua G. New Topicals to Support a Healthy Scalp While Preserving the Microbiome: A Report of Clinical and in Vitro Studies. THE JOURNAL OF CLINICAL AND AESTHETIC DERMATOLOGY 2023; 16:S4-S11. [PMID: 38495927 PMCID: PMC10939504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Nicole Townsend
- Ms. Townsend is the Formulation and Product Innovation Manager at Nutraceutical Wellness, LLC, in New York, New York
| | - Adina Hazan
- Dr. Hazan is the Director of Scientific and Medical Communications at Nutraceutical Wellness, Inc, in New York, New York
| | - Giorgio Dell'Acqua
- Dr. Dell'Acqua is the Chief Science Officer at Nutraceutical Wellness, LLC, in New York, New York
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12
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Kathrani A, Theelen B, Bond R. Isolation of Malassezia yeasts from dogs with gastrointestinal disease undergoing duodenal endoscopy. J Small Anim Pract 2023. [PMID: 37681754 DOI: 10.1111/jsap.13649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2022] [Revised: 05/03/2023] [Accepted: 06/08/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To culture Malassezia and other fungi from the duodenum of dogs with gastrointestinal signs undergoing routine endoscopic examination. MATERIALS AND METHODS Quantitative microbial culture was performed on duodenal juice aspirated from dogs with suspected enteropathy during routine upper gastrointestinal endoscopy; samples were cultured on Sabouraud's dextrose agar (30, 32 and 37°C) and modified Dixon agar (32°C) for 14 days. Isolates were identified phenotypically and by matrix-assisted laser desorption ionisation-time of flight, and internal transcribed spacer sequencing. Yeast presence was also evaluated by cytological and histopathological examination of smears and biopsy specimens. RESULTS Forty-five dogs were recruited with chronic inflammatory enteropathy (n=38), granulomatous colitis (n=2), gastric adenocarcinoma (n=2), duodenal small cell lymphoma (n=1) and idiopathic severe gastrointestinal haemorrhage (n=2). Fungi were cultured from 14 dogs: Malassezia pachydermatis was isolated from eight [chronic inflammatory enteropathy (n=7) (along with Candida albicans n=1); granulomatous colitis (n=1)] and Malassezia sympodialis from another (gastric adenocarcinoma). Five dogs with chronic inflammatory enteropathy yielded other yeasts (C. albicans, Candida glabrata, Kazachstania slooffiae, Kazachstania telluris, Pichia kudriavzevii [syn. C. krusei]). Yeasts were never observed in histopathological specimens. Fluorescent microscopical examination of cytological specimens showed yeast in only one case, from which K. slooffiae was subsequently isolated. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE Based on a literature search, this is the first report of isolation of M. pachydermatis, M. sympodialis, K. slooffiae and K. telluris from the canine duodenum. Further studies are needed to determine whether these are resident or transient fungi in the canine duodenum and whether their presence has a pathogenic effect on the host.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Kathrani
- Clinical Science and Services, Royal Veterinary College, North Mymms, Hatfield, AL9 7TA, UK
| | - B Theelen
- Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, Uppsalalaan 8, 3584 CT, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - R Bond
- Clinical Science and Services, Royal Veterinary College, North Mymms, Hatfield, AL9 7TA, UK
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13
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Jain V, Baraniya D, El-Hadedy DE, Chen T, Slifker M, Alakwaa F, Cai KQ, Chitrala KN, Fundakowski C, Al-Hebshi NN. Integrative Metatranscriptomic Analysis Reveals Disease-specific Microbiome-host Interactions in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma. CANCER RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS 2023; 3:807-820. [PMID: 37377901 PMCID: PMC10166004 DOI: 10.1158/2767-9764.crc-22-0349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2022] [Revised: 01/05/2023] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023]
Abstract
Studies on the microbiome of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) have been limited to 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Here, laser microdissection coupled with brute-force, deep metatranscriptome sequencing was employed to simultaneously characterize the microbiome and host transcriptomes and predict their interaction in OSCC. The analysis involved 20 HPV16/18-negative OSCC tumor/adjacent normal tissue pairs (TT and ANT) along with deep tongue scrapings from 20 matched healthy controls (HC). Standard bioinformatic tools coupled with in-house algorithms were used to map, analyze, and integrate microbial and host data. Host transcriptome analysis identified enrichment of known cancer-related gene sets, not only in TT versus ANT and HC, but also in the ANT versus HC contrast, consistent with field cancerization. Microbial analysis identified a low abundance yet transcriptionally active, unique multi-kingdom microbiome in OSCC tissues predominated by bacteria and bacteriophages. HC showed a different taxonomic profile yet shared major microbial enzyme classes and pathways with TT/ANT, consistent with functional redundancy. Key taxa enriched in TT/ANT compared with HC were Cutibacterium acnes, Malassezia restricta, Human Herpes Virus 6B, and bacteriophage Yuavirus. Functionally, hyaluronate lyase was overexpressed by C. acnes in TT/ANT. Microbiome-host data integration revealed that OSCC-enriched taxa were associated with upregulation of proliferation-related pathways. In a preliminary in vitro validation experiment, infection of SCC25 oral cancer cells with C. acnes resulted in upregulation of MYC expression. The study provides a new insight into potential mechanisms by which the microbiome can contribute to oral carcinogenesis, which can be validated in future experimental studies. Significance Studies have shown that a distinct microbiome is associated with OSCC, but how the microbiome functions within the tumor interacts with the host cells remains unclear. By simultaneously characterizing the microbial and host transcriptomes in OSCC and control tissues, the study provides novel insights into microbiome-host interactions in OSCC which can be validated in future mechanistic studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vinay Jain
- Oral Microbiome Research Laboratory, Department of Oral Health Sciences, Maurice H. Kornberg School of Dentistry, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
- Low level Radiation Research Section, Radiation Biology & Health Sciences Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai, India
| | - Divyashri Baraniya
- Oral Microbiome Research Laboratory, Department of Oral Health Sciences, Maurice H. Kornberg School of Dentistry, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Doaa E. El-Hadedy
- Oral Microbiome Research Laboratory, Department of Oral Health Sciences, Maurice H. Kornberg School of Dentistry, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Tsute Chen
- Department of Microbiology, Forsyth Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Michael Slifker
- Biostatistics and Bioinformatics Facility, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Fadhl Alakwaa
- Department of Internal Medicine, Nephrology Division, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Kathy Q. Cai
- Histopathology Facility, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Kumaraswamy N. Chitrala
- Fels Cancer Institute for Personalized Medicine, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | | | - Nezar N. Al-Hebshi
- Oral Microbiome Research Laboratory, Department of Oral Health Sciences, Maurice H. Kornberg School of Dentistry, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
- Cancer Prevention and Control Program, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Temple University Health System, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
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14
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Pinto CJG, Ávila-Gálvez MÁ, Lian Y, Moura-Alves P, Nunes Dos Santos C. Targeting the aryl hydrocarbon receptor by gut phenolic metabolites: A strategy towards gut inflammation. Redox Biol 2023; 61:102622. [PMID: 36812782 PMCID: PMC9958510 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2023.102622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2022] [Revised: 01/25/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor (AHR) is a ligand-dependent transcription factor able to control complex transcriptional processes in several cell types, which has been correlated with various diseases, including inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD). Numerous studies have described different compounds as ligands of this receptor, like xenobiotics, natural compounds, and several host-derived metabolites. Dietary (poly)phenols have been studied regarding their pleiotropic activities (e.g., neuroprotective and anti-inflammatory), but their AHR modulatory capabilities have also been considered. However, dietary (poly)phenols are submitted to extensive metabolism in the gut (e.g., gut microbiota). Thus, the resulting gut phenolic metabolites could be key players modulating AHR since they are the ones that reach the cells and may exert effects on the AHR throughout the gut and other organs. This review aims at a comprehensive search for the most abundant gut phenolic metabolites detected and quantified in humans to understand how many have been described as AHR modulators and what could be their impact on inflammatory gut processes. Even though several phenolic compounds have been studied regarding their anti-inflammatory capacities, only 1 gut phenolic metabolite, described as AHR modulator, has been evaluated on intestinal inflammatory models. Searching for AHR ligands could be a novel strategy against IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catarina J G Pinto
- iNOVA4Health, NOVA Medical School
- Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, NMS
- FCM, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal; IBMC, Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular, Universidade do Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen, 208, 4200-135, Porto, Portugal; I3S, Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen, 208, 4200-135, Porto, Portugal
| | - María Ángeles Ávila-Gálvez
- iNOVA4Health, NOVA Medical School
- Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, NMS
- FCM, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal; iBET, Instituto de Biologia Experimental e Tecnológica, Apartado 12, Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Yilong Lian
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Oxford, OX3 7DQ, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Pedro Moura-Alves
- IBMC, Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular, Universidade do Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen, 208, 4200-135, Porto, Portugal; I3S, Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen, 208, 4200-135, Porto, Portugal; Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Oxford, OX3 7DQ, Oxford, United Kingdom.
| | - Cláudia Nunes Dos Santos
- iNOVA4Health, NOVA Medical School
- Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, NMS
- FCM, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal; iBET, Instituto de Biologia Experimental e Tecnológica, Apartado 12, Oeiras, Portugal.
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15
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Gao B, Shi X, Li S, Xu W, Gao N, Shan J, Shen W. Size-dependent effects of polystyrene microplastics on gut metagenome and antibiotic resistance in C57BL/6 mice. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2023; 254:114737. [PMID: 36950986 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2023.114737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2023] [Revised: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/04/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Microplastic pollution is an emerging threat for marine and terrestrial ecosystems, which has raised global concerns about its implications for human health. Mounting evidence has shown that the gut microbiota plays a key role in human health and diseases. The gut bacteria could be disturbed by many environmental factors, including the microplastic particles. However, the size effect of polystyrene microplastics on mycobiome, as well as gut functional metagenome has not been well studied. In this study, we performed ITS sequencing to explore the size effect of polystyrene microplastics on the fungal composition, in combination with the shotgun metagenomics sequencing to reveal the size effects of polystyrene on the functional metagenome. We found that polystyrene microplastic particles with 0.05-0.1 µm diameter showed greater impact on the bacterial and fungal composition of gut microbiota as well as the metabolic pathways than the polystyrene microplastic particles with 9-10 µm diameter. Our results suggested that size-depended effects should not be ignored in the health risk assessment of microplastics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bei Gao
- School of Marine Sciences, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing 210044, China; Key Laboratory of Hydrometeorological Disaster Mechanism and Warning of Ministry of Water Resources, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing 210044, China.
| | - Xiaochun Shi
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing 210044, China.
| | - Shanshan Li
- School of Biological and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Weichen Xu
- Medical Metabolomics Center, Institute of Pediatrics, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pediatric Respiratory Disease, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China.
| | - Nan Gao
- School of Biological and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China.
| | - Jinjun Shan
- Medical Metabolomics Center, Institute of Pediatrics, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pediatric Respiratory Disease, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China.
| | - Weishou Shen
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing 210044, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment Monitoring and Pollution Control, Collaborative In-novation Center of Atmospheric Environment and Equipment Technology, Nanjing 210044, China; Institute of Soil Health and Climate-Smart Agriculture, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing 210044, China.
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16
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Anderson CJ, Altendorf BJ, Schmitz-Esser S, Koltes DA. Characterization of the eukaryotic microbial communities in the chicken ileum in cage-free and conventional commercial housing systems. Poult Sci 2023; 102:102621. [PMID: 37003172 PMCID: PMC10070151 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2023.102621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2022] [Revised: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The current shift from conventional cage (CC) hen housing facilities towards cage-free (CF) hen housing in the egg industry has left many questions regarding how level of fecal exposure and exposure to other hens may influence the hen intestinal microbiota. In a previous publication we reported differences in the bacterial ileal communities and ileal morphology between hens in CC and CF production environments at a single commercial site. Here, we present the first 18S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing-based characterization of the eukaryotic ileal microbiota of adult layer hens, and their associations with intestinal health parameters and the bacterial microbiota. DNA was extracted from the ileal digesta of hens (n = 32 CC, n = 48 CF) using the Qiagen Powerlyzer Powersoil kit, followed by amplification of the V9 region of the 18S rRNA gene. Paired end sequencing was performed with the Illumina MiSeq platform, and the resulting reads were processed according to the Mothur MiSeq protocol in Mothur v1.43.0. De novo operational taxonomic unit (OTU) clustering was performed in mothur with a 99% similarity threshold, and OTUs were taxonomically classified with the SILVA SSU v138 reference database. OTUs classified as vertebrate, plant, or arthropod were removed, resulting in 3,136,400 high quality reads and 1,370 OTUs. Associations between OTUs and intestinal parameters were calculated using PROC GLIMMIX. PERMANOVA over Bray-Curtis distances revealed differences between CC and CF eukaryotic ileal microbiota at the whole community level, but no OTUs were differentially abundant after correcting for false discovery (P > 0.05; q > 0.1). Kazachstania and Saccharomyces, closely related genera of yeast, represented 77.1% and 9.7% of sequences respectively. Two Kazachstania OTUs and 1 Saccharomycetaceae OTU were positively correlated with intestinal permeability (r2 ≥ 0.35). Eimeria accounted for 7.6% of sequences across all samples. Intriguingly, 15 OTUs classified as Eimeria were inversely associated with intestinal permeability (r2 ≤ -0.35), suggesting Eimeria may play a more complex role in the microbiota of healthy birds than has been observed in disease challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- C J Anderson
- Interdepartmental Microbiology Graduate Program, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50010, USA
| | - B J Altendorf
- Department of Animal Science, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50010, USA
| | - S Schmitz-Esser
- Interdepartmental Microbiology Graduate Program, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50010, USA; Department of Animal Science, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50010, USA
| | - D A Koltes
- Department of Animal Science, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50010, USA.
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17
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Zeng S, Hartmann P, Park M, Duan Y, Lang S, Llorente C, Wang Y, Cabré N, Fouts DE, Bacher P, Jung WH, Stärkel P, Schnabl B. Malassezia restricta promotes alcohol-induced liver injury. Hepatol Commun 2023; 7:e0029. [PMID: 36706195 PMCID: PMC9988279 DOI: 10.1097/hc9.0000000000000029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic alcohol consumption is associated with intestinal fungal dysbiosis, yet we understand little about how alterations of intestinal fungi (mycobiota) contribute to the pathogenesis of alcohol-associated liver disease. By reanalyzing internal transcribed spacer 2 amplicon sequencing of fecal samples from a cohort of 66 patients with alcohol use disorder for presence (as opposed to relative abundance) of fungal species, we observed that the presence of Malassezia restricta was associated with increased markers of liver injury. M. restricta exacerbates ethanol-induced liver injury both in acute binge and chronic ethanol-feeding models in mice. Using bone marrow chimeric mice, we found that the disease exacerbating effect by M. restricta was mediated by C-type lectin domain family 4, member N on bone marrow-derived cells. M. restricta induces inflammatory cytokines and chemokines in Kupffer cells through C-type lectin domain family 4, member N signaling. Targeting fungal pathobionts might be a therapeutic strategy for alcohol-associated liver disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suling Zeng
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
- Department of Medicine, VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, California, USA
| | - Phillipp Hartmann
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition, Rady Children’s Hospital San Diego, San Diego, California, USA
| | - Minji Park
- Department of Systems Biotechnology, Chung-Ang University, Anseong-Si, Korea
| | - Yi Duan
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Sonja Lang
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Cristina Llorente
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Yanhan Wang
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
- Department of Medicine, VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, California, USA
| | - Noemí Cabré
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Derrick E. Fouts
- Genomic Medicine, J. Craig Venter Institute, Rockville, Maryland, USA
| | - Petra Bacher
- Institute of Immunology, Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel & UKSH Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Won Hee Jung
- Department of Systems Biotechnology, Chung-Ang University, Anseong-Si, Korea
| | - Peter Stärkel
- St. Luc University Hospital, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Bernd Schnabl
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
- Department of Medicine, VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, California, USA
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18
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Zhang F, Aschenbrenner D, Yoo JY, Zuo T. The gut mycobiome in health, disease, and clinical applications in association with the gut bacterial microbiome assembly. THE LANCET. MICROBE 2022; 3:e969-e983. [PMID: 36182668 DOI: 10.1016/s2666-5247(22)00203-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 49.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2022] [Revised: 07/04/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The gut mycobiome (fungi) is a small but crucial component of the gut microbiome in humans. Intestinal fungi regulate host homoeostasis, pathophysiological and physiological processes, and the assembly of the co-residing gut bacterial microbiome. Over the past decade, accumulating studies have characterised the gut mycobiome in health and several pathological conditions. We review the compositional and functional diversity of the gut mycobiome in healthy populations from birth to adulthood. We describe factors influencing the gut mycobiome and the roles of intestinal fungi-especially Candida and Saccharomyces spp-in diseases and therapies with a particular focus on their synergism with the gut bacterial microbiome and host immunity. Finally, we discuss the underappreciated effects of gut fungi in clinical implications, and highlight future microbiome-based therapies that harness the tripartite relationship among the gut mycobiome, bacterial microbiome, and host immunity, aiming to restore a core gut mycobiome and microbiome and to improve clinical efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fen Zhang
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Institute of Food Safety and Nutrition, College of Science and Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Dominik Aschenbrenner
- Autoimmunity, Transplantation and Inflammation, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Novartis Pharma, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Ji Youn Yoo
- College of Nursing, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, USA
| | - Tao Zuo
- Guangdong Institute of Gastroenterology, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yatsen University, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China; Laboratory Animals Centre, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yatsen University, Guangzhou, China.
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19
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Zhang Z, Qiu Y, Feng H, Huang D, Weng B, Xu Z, Xie Q, Wang Z, Ding W, Li G, Liu H. Identification of Malassezia globosa as a Gastric Fungus Associated with PD-L1 Expression and Overall Survival of Patients with Gastric Cancer. J Immunol Res 2022; 2022:2430759. [PMID: 36405009 PMCID: PMC9669766 DOI: 10.1155/2022/2430759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 09/12/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Microbiotas affected the prognosis of cancer patients by regulating programmed death ligand-1 (PD-L1) expression. However, the relationship between gastric fungi and PD-L1 expression is still unclear in gastric cancer (GC). We aimed at exploring the association of gastric fungi with PD-L1 expression and overall survival in GC. METHODS A total of 61 GC patients were divided into the two groups based on the PD-L1 combined positive scores (CPS). Fungal profiling was performed by internal transcribed spacer rDNA sequencing, and the survival analyses were performed by Kaplan-Meier curves. RESULTS We observed a taxonomic difference of fungi between the PD-L1-High (CPS ≥ 10) and PD-L1-Low group (CPS < 10) by principal coordinates analysis (PCoA) (P = 0.014 for Bray-Curtis and P = 0.042 for Jaccard). Malassezia had a higher abundance in the PD-L1-High group compared to the PD-L1-Low group (P = 0.045). Malassezia globosa elevated significantly in the PD-L1-High group. GC patients with PD-L1 low expression and low abundance of Malassezia globosa had a longer overall survival (OS) than others (P = 0.047). Malassezia globosa was associated with PD-L1 expression (Odds Ratio = 3.509, 95% Confidence Interval: 1.056-11.656, P = 0.040). Malassezia globosa was associated with the tumor size (P = 0.031) and PD-L1 status (P = 0.024). GC patients with a high abundance of Malassezia globosa had shorter OS than others (P = 0.028). Malassezia globosa was an independent factor (Hazard Ratio = 3.080, 95% Confidence Interval: 1.140-8.323, P = 0.027) for OS after adjusting for tumor stage. Malassezia globosa was figured out to be associated with- fatty acid and lipid biosynthesis and degradation via LIPASYN pathway. Conclusions. Malassezia globosa was identified as a PD-L1 expression-associated gastric fungus and associated with OS of GC patients, which calls for more studies to further explore its potential in PD-L1/PD-1 targeted immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenzhan Zhang
- Department of General Surgery & Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine for Gastrointestinal Tumor, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yaopeng Qiu
- Department of General Surgery & Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine for Gastrointestinal Tumor, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hao Feng
- Department of General Surgery & Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine for Gastrointestinal Tumor, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Donghua Huang
- Department of Health Management, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Binshu Weng
- Department of General Surgery & Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine for Gastrointestinal Tumor, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhou Xu
- Department of General Surgery & Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine for Gastrointestinal Tumor, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qingfeng Xie
- Department of General Surgery & Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine for Gastrointestinal Tumor, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhe Wang
- Department of General Surgery & Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine for Gastrointestinal Tumor, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wenfu Ding
- Department of General Surgery & Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine for Gastrointestinal Tumor, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Guoxin Li
- Department of General Surgery & Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine for Gastrointestinal Tumor, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hao Liu
- Department of General Surgery & Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine for Gastrointestinal Tumor, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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20
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Characterization of the Urinary Metagenome and Virome in Healthy Children. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10102412. [PMID: 36289674 PMCID: PMC9599034 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10102412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2022] [Revised: 09/15/2022] [Accepted: 09/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent advances in next-generation sequencing and metagenomic studies have provided insights into the microbial profile of different body sites. However, research on the microbial composition of urine is limited, particularly in children. The goal of this study was to optimize and develop reproducible metagenome and virome protocols using a small volume of urine samples collected from healthy children. We collected midstream urine specimens from 40 healthy children. Using the metagenomics shotgun approach, we tested various protocols. Different microbial roots such as Archaea, Bacteria, Eukaryota, and Viruses were successfully identified using our optimized urine protocol. Our data reflected much variation in the microbial fingerprints of children. Girls had significantly higher levels of Firmicutes, whereas boys had significantly higher levels of Actinobacteria. The genus Anaerococcus dominated the urinary bacteriome of healthy girls, with a significant increase in Anaerococcus prevotii, Anaerococcus vaginalis, and Veillonella parvula (p-value < 0.001) when compared with that of boys. An increased relative abundance of Xylanimonas and Arthrobacter, with a significantly high abundance of Arthrobacter sp. FB24 (p-value 0.0028) and Arthrobacter aurescences (p-value 0.015), was observed in boys. The urinary mycobiome showed a significant rise in the genus Malassezia and Malassezia globose fungus (p-value 0.009) in girls, whereas genus Saccharomyces (p-value 0.009) was significantly high in boys. The beta diversity of the urinary mycobiome was found to differ between different age groups. Boys had significantly more Mastadenovirus and Human mastadenovirus-A in their urinary virome than girls. With increasing age, we noticed an increase in the relative abundance of the order Caudovirales. Our optimized protocols allowed us to identify the unique microbes for each sex by using an adequate volume of urine (3−10 mL) to screen for the bacteriome, mycobiome, and virome profiles in the urine of healthy children. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to characterize the metagenomics profiles of urine in a healthy pediatric population.
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Salazar-Hamm PS, Montoya KN, Montoya L, Cook K, Liphardt S, Taylor JW, Cook JA, Natvig DO. Breathing can be dangerous: Opportunistic fungal pathogens and the diverse community of the small mammal lung mycobiome. FRONTIERS IN FUNGAL BIOLOGY 2022; 3:996574. [PMID: 37746221 PMCID: PMC10512277 DOI: 10.3389/ffunb.2022.996574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2022] [Accepted: 08/24/2022] [Indexed: 09/26/2023]
Abstract
Human lung mycobiome studies typically sample bronchoalveolar lavage or sputum, potentially overlooking fungi embedded in tissues. Employing ultra-frozen lung tissues from biorepositories, we obtained fungal ribosomal RNA ITS2 sequences from 199 small mammals across 39 species. We documented diverse fungi, including common environmental fungi such as Penicillium and Aspergillus, associates of the human mycobiome such as Malassezia and Candida, and others specifically adapted for lungs (Coccidioides, Blastomyces, and Pneumocystis). Pneumocystis sequences were detected in 83% of the samples and generally exhibited phylogenetic congruence with hosts. Among sequences from diverse opportunistic pathogens in the Onygenales, species of Coccidioides occurred in 12% of samples and species of Blastomyces in 85% of samples. Coccidioides sequences occurred in 14 mammalian species. The presence of neither Coccidioides nor Aspergillus fumigatus correlated with substantial shifts in the overall mycobiome, although there was some indication that fungal communities might be influenced by high levels of A. fumigatus. Although members of the Onygenales were common in lung samples (92%), they are not common in environmental surveys. Our results indicate that Pneumocystis and certain Onygenales are common commensal members of the lung mycobiome. These results provide new insights into the biology of lung-inhabiting fungi and flag small mammals as potential reservoirs for emerging fungal pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kyana N. Montoya
- Department of Biology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, United States
| | - Liliam Montoya
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, United States
| | - Kel Cook
- Department of Biology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, United States
| | - Schuyler Liphardt
- Department of Biology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, United States
| | - John W. Taylor
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, United States
| | - Joseph A. Cook
- Department of Biology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, United States
- Museum of Southwestern Biology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, United States
| | - Donald O. Natvig
- Department of Biology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, United States
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22
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Ianiri G, LeibundGut-Landmann S, Dawson TL. Malassezia: A Commensal, Pathogen, and Mutualist of Human and Animal Skin. Annu Rev Microbiol 2022; 76:757-782. [PMID: 36075093 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-micro-040820-010114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Identified in the late nineteenth century as a single species residing on human skin, Malassezia is now recognized as a diverse genus comprising 18 species inhabiting not only skin but human gut, hospital environments, and even deep-sea sponges. All cultivated Malassezia species are lipid dependent, having lost genes for lipid synthesis and carbohydrate metabolism. The surging interest in Malassezia results from development of tools to improve sampling, culture, identification, and genetic engineering, which has led to findings implicating it in numerous skin diseases, Crohn disease, and pancreatic cancer. However, it has become clear that Malassezia plays a multifaceted role in human health, with mutualistic activity in atopic dermatitis and a preventive effect against other skin infections due to its potential to compete with skin pathogens such as Candida auris. Improved understanding of complex microbe-microbe and host-microbe interactions will be required to define Malassezia's role in human and animal health and disease so as to design targeted interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Ianiri
- Department of Agricultural, Environmental, and Food Sciences, University of Molise, Campobasso, Italy
| | - Salomé LeibundGut-Landmann
- Section of Immunology, Faculty of Vetsuisse, and Institute of Experimental Immunology, University of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Thomas L Dawson
- Skin Research Institute of Singapore, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore; .,Department of Drug Discovery, College of Pharmacy, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA
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Ehemann K, Mantilla MJ, Mora-Restrepo F, Rios-Navarro A, Torres M, Celis Ramírez AM. Many ways, one microorganism: Several approaches to study Malassezia in interactions with model hosts. PLoS Pathog 2022; 18:e1010784. [PMID: 36074792 PMCID: PMC9455852 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1010784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Malassezia, a lipophilic and lipid-dependent yeast, is a microorganism of current interest to mycobiologists because of its role as a commensal or pathogen in health conditions such as dermatological diseases, fungemia, and, as discovered recently, cancer and certain neurological disorders. Various novel approaches in the study of Malassezia have led to increased knowledge of the cellular and molecular mechanisms of this yeast. However, additional efforts are needed for more comprehensive understanding of the behavior of Malassezia in interactions with the host. This article reviews advances useful in the experimental field for Malassezia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin Ehemann
- Grupo de Investigación Celular y Molecular de Microorganismos Patógenos (CeMoP), Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad de los Andes, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - María Juliana Mantilla
- Grupo de Investigación Celular y Molecular de Microorganismos Patógenos (CeMoP), Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad de los Andes, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Felipe Mora-Restrepo
- Grupo de Investigación Celular y Molecular de Microorganismos Patógenos (CeMoP), Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad de los Andes, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Andrea Rios-Navarro
- Grupo de Investigación Celular y Molecular de Microorganismos Patógenos (CeMoP), Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad de los Andes, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Maritza Torres
- Grupo de Investigación Celular y Molecular de Microorganismos Patógenos (CeMoP), Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad de los Andes, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Adriana Marcela Celis Ramírez
- Grupo de Investigación Celular y Molecular de Microorganismos Patógenos (CeMoP), Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad de los Andes, Bogotá, Colombia
- * E-mail:
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24
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Effects of Saccharomyces boulardii Supplementation on Nutritional Status, Fecal Parameters, Microbiota, and Mycobiota in Breeding Adult Dogs. Vet Sci 2022; 9:vetsci9080389. [PMID: 36006304 PMCID: PMC9414249 DOI: 10.3390/vetsci9080389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2022] [Revised: 07/21/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of the administration of Saccharomyces boulardii on the nutritional, immunological, inflammatory, stress status, and the gut composition in 25 healthy adult American Staffordshire Terrier dogs. Supplementation with S. boulardii significantly improved the intestinal status and induced a reduction of stress, a common condition affecting animals managed in a breeding environment. Abstract The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of the administration of Saccharomyces boulardii on the nutritional, immunological, inflammatory, and stress status and on the composition of the gut microbiota and mycobiota in healthy adult dogs. A total of 25 American Staffordshire Terrier dogs were selected and randomly assigned to two groups: control (CTR, n = 12) and treated (TRT, n = 13) groups. No significant differences were found between the two groups regarding body weight, body condition score, and fecal score. No significant differences in microbiota/mycobiota, short chain fatty acids, indole/skatole, histamine, zonulin, or lactoferrin were detected. Indeed, supplementation with S. boulardii significantly decreased fecal calprotectin Immunoglobulin A, indicating an improvement in the gut well-being. Interestingly, fecal cortisol significantly decreased in dogs belonging to the TRT group compared to the CTR, suggesting both an improvement of the intestinal status and a reduction of stress, a common condition affecting animals managed in a breeding environment.
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25
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Manzoor R, Ahmed W, Afify N, Memon M, Yasin M, Memon H, Rustom M, Al Akeel M, Alhajri N. Trust Your Gut: The Association of Gut Microbiota and Liver Disease. Microorganisms 2022; 10:1045. [PMID: 35630487 PMCID: PMC9146349 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms10051045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2022] [Revised: 05/08/2022] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The gut microbiota composition is important for nutrient metabolism, mucosal barrier function, immunomodulation, and defense against pathogens. Alterations in the gut microbiome can disturb the gut ecosystem. These changes may lead to the loss of beneficial bacteria or an increase in potentially pathogenic bacteria. Furthermore, these have been shown to contribute to the pathophysiology of gastrointestinal and extra-intestinal diseases. Pathologies of the liver, such as non-alcoholic liver disease, alcoholic liver disease, cirrhosis, hepatocellular carcinoma, autoimmune hepatitis, viral hepatitis, and primary sclerosing cholangitis have all been linked to changes in the gut microbiome composition. There is substantial evidence that links gut dysbiosis to the progression and complications of these pathologies. This review article aimed to describe the changes seen in the gut microbiome in liver diseases and the association between gut dysbiosis and liver disease, and finally, explore treatment options that may improve gut dysbiosis in patients with liver disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ridda Manzoor
- College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Khalifa University, Abu Dhabi P.O. Box 127788, United Arab Emirates; (R.M.); (W.A.); (N.A.); (M.M.); (M.Y.); (H.M.); (M.R.)
| | - Weshah Ahmed
- College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Khalifa University, Abu Dhabi P.O. Box 127788, United Arab Emirates; (R.M.); (W.A.); (N.A.); (M.M.); (M.Y.); (H.M.); (M.R.)
| | - Nariman Afify
- College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Khalifa University, Abu Dhabi P.O. Box 127788, United Arab Emirates; (R.M.); (W.A.); (N.A.); (M.M.); (M.Y.); (H.M.); (M.R.)
| | - Mashal Memon
- College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Khalifa University, Abu Dhabi P.O. Box 127788, United Arab Emirates; (R.M.); (W.A.); (N.A.); (M.M.); (M.Y.); (H.M.); (M.R.)
| | - Maryam Yasin
- College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Khalifa University, Abu Dhabi P.O. Box 127788, United Arab Emirates; (R.M.); (W.A.); (N.A.); (M.M.); (M.Y.); (H.M.); (M.R.)
| | - Hamda Memon
- College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Khalifa University, Abu Dhabi P.O. Box 127788, United Arab Emirates; (R.M.); (W.A.); (N.A.); (M.M.); (M.Y.); (H.M.); (M.R.)
| | - Mohammad Rustom
- College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Khalifa University, Abu Dhabi P.O. Box 127788, United Arab Emirates; (R.M.); (W.A.); (N.A.); (M.M.); (M.Y.); (H.M.); (M.R.)
| | - Mohannad Al Akeel
- Division of Family Medicine, Department of Health, Abu Dhabi P.O. Box 5674, United Arab Emirates;
| | - Noora Alhajri
- Department of Medicine, Sheikh Shakhbout Medical City (SSMC), Abu Dhabi P.O. Box 11001, United Arab Emirates
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26
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Gastrointestinal Microbiota of Spiny Lobster: A Review. FISHES 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/fishes7030108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The gastrointestinal (GI) microbiota is a group of complex and dynamic microorganisms present in the GI tract of an organism that live in symbiosis with the host and benefit the host with various biological functions. The communities of GI microbiota are formed by various aerobic, anaerobic, and facultatively anaerobic bacteria in aquatic species. In spiny lobsters, common GI microorganisms found in the GI tract are Vibrio, Pseudomonas, Bacillus, Micrococcus, and Flavobacterium, where the structure and abundance of these microbes are varied depending on the environment. GI microbiotas hold an important role and significantly affect the overall condition of spiny lobsters, such as secreting digestive enzymes (lipase, protease, and cellulase), helping in digesting food intake, providing nutrition and synthesising vitamins needed by the host system, and protecting the host against infection from pathogens and diseases by activating an immune mechanism in the GI tract. The microorganisms in the water column, sediment, and diet are primarily responsible for altering, manipulating, and shaping GI microbial structures and communities. This review also highlights the possibilities of isolating the indigenous GI microbiota as a potential probiotic strain and introducing it to spiny lobster juveniles and larvae for better health management.
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27
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Theelen B, Mixão V, Ianiri G, Goh JPZ, Dijksterhuis J, Heitman J, Dawson TL, Gabaldón T, Boekhout T. Multiple Hybridization Events Punctuate the Evolutionary Trajectory of Malassezia furfur. mBio 2022; 13:e0385321. [PMID: 35404119 PMCID: PMC9040865 DOI: 10.1128/mbio.03853-21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2022] [Accepted: 03/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Malassezia species are important fungal skin commensals and are part of the normal microbiota of humans and other animals. However, under certain circumstances these fungi can also display a pathogenic behavior. For example, Malassezia furfur is a common commensal of human skin and yet is often responsible for skin disorders but also systemic infections. Comparative genomics analysis of M. furfur revealed that some isolates have a hybrid origin, similar to several other recently described hybrid fungal pathogens. Because hybrid species exhibit genomic plasticity that can impact phenotypes, we sought to elucidate the genomic evolution and phenotypic characteristics of M. furfur hybrids in comparison to their parental lineages. To this end, we performed a comparative genomics analysis between hybrid strains and their presumptive parental lineages and assessed phenotypic characteristics. Our results provide evidence that at least two distinct hybridization events occurred between the same parental lineages and that the parental strains may have originally been hybrids themselves. Analysis of the mating-type locus reveals that M. furfur has a pseudobipolar mating system and provides evidence that after sexual liaisons of mating compatible cells, hybridization involved cell-cell fusion leading to a diploid/aneuploid state. This study provides new insights into the evolutionary trajectory of M. furfur and contributes with valuable genomic resources for future pathogenicity studies. IMPORTANCEMalassezia furfur is a common commensal member of human/animal microbiota that is also associated with several pathogenic states. Recent studies report involvement of Malassezia species in Crohn's disease, a type of inflammatory bowel disease, pancreatic cancer progression, and exacerbation of cystic fibrosis. A recent genomics analysis of M. furfur revealed the existence of hybrid isolates and identified their putative parental lineages. In this study, we explored the genomic and phenotypic features of these hybrids in comparison to their putative parental lineages. Our results revealed the existence of a pseudobipolar mating system in this species and showed evidence for the occurrence of multiple hybridization events in the evolutionary trajectory of M. furfur. These findings significantly advance our understanding of the evolution of this commensal microbe and are relevant for future studies exploring the role of hybridization in the adaptation to new niches or environments, including the emergence of pathogenicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bart Theelen
- Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Verónica Mixão
- Life Sciences Department, Barcelona Supercomputing Center, Barcelona, Spain
- Mechanisms of Disease Programme, Institute for Research in Biomedicine, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Giuseppe Ianiri
- Department of Agricultural, Environmental and Food Sciences, University of Molise, Campobasso, Italy
| | - Joleen Pei Zhen Goh
- A*STAR Skin Research Labs (A*SRL), Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore
| | - Jan Dijksterhuis
- Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Joseph Heitman
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Thomas L. Dawson
- A*STAR Skin Research Labs (A*SRL), Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore
- Center for Cell Death, Injury and Regeneration, Departments of Drug Discovery and Biomedical Sciences and Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA
| | - Toni Gabaldón
- Life Sciences Department, Barcelona Supercomputing Center, Barcelona, Spain
- Mechanisms of Disease Programme, Institute for Research in Biomedicine, Barcelona, Spain
- Catalan Institution for Research and Advanced Studies, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Teun Boekhout
- Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Institute for Biodiversity and Ecosystem Dynamics, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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28
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Analysis of Faecal Microbiota and Small ncRNAs in Autism: Detection of miRNAs and piRNAs with Possible Implications in Host-Gut Microbiota Cross-Talk. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14071340. [PMID: 35405953 PMCID: PMC9000903 DOI: 10.3390/nu14071340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Revised: 03/07/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Intestinal microorganisms impact health by maintaining gut homeostasis and shaping the host immunity, while gut dysbiosis associates with many conditions, including autism, a complex neurodevelopmental disorder with multifactorial aetiology. In autism, gut dysbiosis correlates with symptom severity and is characterised by a reduced bacterial variability and a diminished beneficial commensal relationship. Microbiota can influence the expression of host microRNAs that, in turn, regulate the growth of intestinal bacteria by means of bidirectional host-gut microbiota cross-talk. We investigated possible interactions among intestinal microbes and between them and host transcriptional modulators in autism. To this purpose, we analysed, by "omics" technologies, faecal microbiome, mycobiome, and small non-coding-RNAs (particularly miRNAs and piRNAs) of children with autism and neurotypical development. Patients displayed gut dysbiosis related to a reduction of healthy gut micro- and mycobiota as well as up-regulated transcriptional modulators. The targets of dysregulated non-coding-RNAs are involved in intestinal permeability, inflammation, and autism. Furthermore, microbial families, underrepresented in patients, participate in the production of human essential metabolites negatively influencing the health condition. Here, we propose a novel approach to analyse faeces as a whole, and for the first time, we detected miRNAs and piRNAs in faecal samples of patients with autism.
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Chen L, Wang J. Gut microbiota and inflammatory bowel disease. WIREs Mech Dis 2022; 14:e1540. [PMID: 35266651 DOI: 10.1002/wsbm.1540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2021] [Revised: 09/23/2021] [Accepted: 09/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Gut microbiota refers to the complex aggregation of microbes in gut, including bacteria, archaea, fungi, and viruses, and they exert marked influence on the host's health. Perturbations in the gut microbiota have been closely linked to initiation and progression of IBD, which has become a disease with accelerating incidence worldwide, but it remains to be thoroughly investigated how microbial involvement might contribute to IBD. In this review, we discuss the current research findings concerning alterations in the gut microbiota, trans-kingdom interaction between the members of the gut microbiota, their interactions with the immune system of host, their potential role in the IBD pathogenesis, and the relationship between gut microbiota and IBD. We hope to provide a better understanding of the causes of IBD and shed light on the development of microbiome-based therapeutic approaches, which might be a promising strategy to alleviate, manage, and eventually cure IBD. This article is categorized under: Infectious Diseases > Genetics/Genomics/Epigenetics Infectious Diseases > Molecular and Cellular Physiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Chen
- CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing, China
| | - Jun Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing, China
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30
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Yang Q, Ouyang J, Pi D, Feng L, Yang J. Malassezia in Inflammatory Bowel Disease: Accomplice of Evoking Tumorigenesis. Front Immunol 2022; 13:846469. [PMID: 35309351 PMCID: PMC8931276 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.846469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2021] [Accepted: 02/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Accumulating evidence indicates that patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) have a significantly higher risk of developing different cancers, while the exact mechanism involved is not yet fully understood. Malassezia is a lipid-dependent opportunistic yeast, which colonizes on mammalian skin and internal organs. Also, dysbiosis in fungal communities accompanied by high level of Malassezia are fairly common in inflammatory diseases such as IBD and various cancers. In cancer patients, higher levels of Malassezia are associated with worse prognosis. Once it is ablated in tumor-bearing mice, their prognostic conditions will be improved. Moreover, Malassezia manifests multiple proinflammatory biological properties, such as destruction of epithelial barrier, enrichment of inflammatory factors, and degradation of extracellular matrix (ECM), all of which have been reported to contribute to tumor initiation and malignant progression. Based on these facts, we hypothesize that high levels of Malassezia together with mycobiome dysbiosis in patients with IBD, would aggravate the microecological imbalance, worsen the inflammatory response, and further promote tumorigenesis and deterioration. Herein, we will discuss the detrimental properties of Malassezia and explore the key role of this fungus in the correlation between IBD and cancer, in order to take early surveillance and intervention to minimize the cancer risk in individuals with IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiyu Yang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital & Chongqing Cancer Institute & Chongqing Cancer Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Jing Ouyang
- Chongqing Public Health Medical Center, Chongqing, China
| | - Damao Pi
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Li Feng
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical and Pharmaceutical College, Chongqing, China
- *Correspondence: Li Feng, ; Jiadan Yang,
| | - Jiadan Yang
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- *Correspondence: Li Feng, ; Jiadan Yang,
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Yalcin SS, Aksu T, Kuskonmaz B, Ozbek NY, Pérez-Brocal V, Celik M, Uckan Cetinkaya D, Moya A, Dinleyici EC. Intestinal mycobiota composition and changes in children with thalassemia who underwent allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2022; 69:e29411. [PMID: 34699120 DOI: 10.1002/pbc.29411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2021] [Revised: 09/03/2021] [Accepted: 09/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) alters the diversity of the intestinal bacterial microbiota. This study aimed to evaluate human mycobiota composition pre-HSCT and post-HSCT in children with thalassemia. METHOD Ten children with thalassemia undergoing allogeneic HSCT were enrolled. The stool samples were collected before the transplantation regimen, before the transplant day, and +15, +30 days, and three months after transplantation. Stool samples were also collected from the donor and the patient's caregivers. Gut mycobiota composition was evaluated with metagenomic analysis. RESULTS Pretransplant mycobiota of children with thalassemia (the predominant genus was Saccharomyces, 64.1%) has been shown to approximate the diverse mycobiota compositions of healthy adult donors but becomes altered (lower diversity) following transplant procedures. Three months after HSCT, phyla Ascomycota and Basidiomycota were 83.4% and 15.6%, respectively. The predominant species were Saccaharomyces_uc and Saccharomyces cerevisiae (phylum Ascomycota); we also observed Malassezia restricta and Malassezia globosa (phylum Basidiomycota) (∼13%). On day 90 after HSCT, we observed 65.3% M. restricta and 18.4% M. globosa predominance at the species level in a four-year-old boy with acute graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) (skin and gut involvement) 19 days after transplantation included. CONCLUSION The mycobiota composition of children with thalassemia altered after HSCT. We observed Malassezia predominance in a child with GVHD. Further studies in children with GVHD will identify this situation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siddika Songul Yalcin
- Department of Social Pediatrics, Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Tekin Aksu
- Department of Pediatric Hematology, Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Baris Kuskonmaz
- Department of Pediatric Hematology, Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Namık Yasar Ozbek
- Ankara City Hospital, Department of Pediatric Hematology, Health Science University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Vicente Pérez-Brocal
- Area of Genomics and Health, Foundation for the Promotion of Sanitary and Biomedical Research of Valencia Region (FISABIO-Public Health), Valencia, Spain.,CIBER in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBEResp), Madrid, Spain
| | - Melda Celik
- Department of Social Pediatrics, Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Duygu Uckan Cetinkaya
- Department of Pediatric Hematology, Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Andrés Moya
- Area of Genomics and Health, Foundation for the Promotion of Sanitary and Biomedical Research of Valencia Region (FISABIO-Public Health), Valencia, Spain.,CIBER in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBEResp), Madrid, Spain.,Institute for Integrative Systems Biology (I2SysBio), University of Valencia and Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), Valencia, Spain
| | - Ener Cagri Dinleyici
- Department of Pediatrics, Eskisehir Osmangazi University Faculty of Medicine, Eskisehir, Turkey
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Tsang W, Linde A, Krumbeck JA, Wu G, Kim YJ, Lushington GH, Melgarejo T. Occurrence of Antimicrobial Resistance Genes in the Oral Cavity of Cats with Chronic Gingivostomatitis. Animals (Basel) 2021; 11:ani11123589. [PMID: 34944364 PMCID: PMC8698017 DOI: 10.3390/ani11123589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2021] [Revised: 12/15/2021] [Accepted: 12/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Oral disease in cats is a significant concern in the small animal practice setting. The specific cause of this disease is inadequately understood; however, antibiotics are commonly used for the management, although many cats respond poorly to these treatments. Antibiotics have been overused and misused in the context of both human and veterinary medicine. Consequently, many antimicrobial drugs are becoming less effective in treating infections. This study aimed to evaluate the presence of antimicrobial resistance genes in swabs obtained from the mouth of cats. Moreover, the study looked at simultaneous occurrence between these genes and one type of oral fungi. We found that antimicrobial resistance genes are extremely common in both clinically healthy and sick cats. Furthermore, we established that Malassezia (a type of fungi) co-occurs with some resistance genes. The findings are important because antimicrobial resistance genes present in the mouth of cats have the potential to transfer to humans and thereby make certain antibiotics less effective. Abstract Feline chronic gingivostomatitis (FCGS) is a severe immune-mediated inflammatory disease with concurrent oral dysbiosis (bacterial and fungal). Broad-spectrum antibiotics are used empirically in FCGS. Still, neither the occurrence of antimicrobial-resistant (AMR) bacteria nor potential patterns of co-occurrence between AMR genes and fungi have been documented in FCGS. This study explored the differential occurrence of AMR genes and the co-occurrence of AMR genes with oral fungal species. Briefly, 14 clinically healthy (CH) cats and 14 cats with FCGS were included. Using a sterile swab, oral tissue surfaces were sampled and submitted for 16S rRNA and ITS-2 next-generation DNA sequencing. Microbial DNA was analyzed using a proprietary curated database targeting AMR genes found in bacterial pathogens. The co-occurrence of AMR genes and fungi was tested using point biserial correlation. A total of 21 and 23 different AMR genes were detected in CH and FCGS cats, respectively. A comparison of AMR-gene frequencies between groups revealed statistically significant differences in the occurrence of genes conferring resistance to aminoglycosides (ant4Ib), beta-lactam (mecA), and macrolides (mphD and mphC). Two AMR genes (mecA and mphD) showed statistically significant co-occurrence with Malassezia restricta. In conclusion, resistance to clinically relevant antibiotics, such as beta-lactams and macrolides, is a significant cause for concern in the context of both feline and human medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wayne Tsang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA 91766, USA; (W.T.); (A.L.); (Y.J.K.)
| | - Annika Linde
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA 91766, USA; (W.T.); (A.L.); (Y.J.K.)
| | | | - Guangxi Wu
- MiDOG LLC, 14672 Bentley Cir, Tustin, CA 92780, USA; (J.A.K.); (G.W.)
| | - Young J. Kim
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA 91766, USA; (W.T.); (A.L.); (Y.J.K.)
| | | | - Tonatiuh Melgarejo
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA 91766, USA; (W.T.); (A.L.); (Y.J.K.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-(909)-706-3829
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Cui Z, Zhang M, Geng S, Niu X, Wang X, Zhu Y, Ye F, Liu C. Antifungal Effect of Antimicrobial Photodynamic Therapy Mediated by Haematoporphyrin Monomethyl Ether and Aloe Emodin on Malassezia furfur. Front Microbiol 2021; 12:749106. [PMID: 34867868 PMCID: PMC8637056 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.749106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2021] [Accepted: 10/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Infectious dermatological diseases caused by Malassezia furfur are often chronic, recurrent, and recalcitrant. Current therapeutic options are usually tedious, repetitive, and associated with adverse effects. Alternatives that broaden the treatment options and reduce side effects for patients are needed. Antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) is an emerging approach that is quite suitable for superficial infections. The aim of this study is to investigate the antimicrobial efficacy and effect of aPDT mediated by haematoporphyrin monomethyl ether (HMME) and aloe emodin (AE) on clinical isolates of M. furfur in vitro. The photodynamic antimicrobial efficacy of HMME and AE against M. furfur was assessed by colony forming unit (CFU) assay. The uptake of HMME and AE by M. furfur cells was investigated by fluorescence microscopy. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) probe and flow cytometry were employed to evaluate the intracellular ROS level. The effect of HMME and AE-mediated aPDT on secreted protease and lipase activity of M. furfur was also investigated. The results showed that HMME and AE in the presence of light effectively inactivated M. furfur cells in a photosensitizer (PS) concentration and light energy dose-dependent manner. AE exhibited higher antimicrobial efficacy against M. furfur than HMME under the same irradiation condition. HMME and AE-mediated aPDT disturbed the fungal cell envelop, significantly increased the intracellular ROS level, and effectively inhibited the activity of secreted protease and lipase of M. furfur cells. The results suggest that HMME and AE have potential to serve as PSs in the photodynamic treatment of dermatological diseases caused by M. furfur, but further ex vivo or in vivo experiments are needed to verify that they can meet the requirements for clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zixin Cui
- Department of Infection, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Miaomiao Zhang
- Department of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, China
| | - Songmei Geng
- Department of Dermatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xinwu Niu
- Department of Dermatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xiaopeng Wang
- Department of Dermatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yanyan Zhu
- Department of Dermatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Feng Ye
- Department of Infection, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Chengcheng Liu
- Department of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, China
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34
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The human fungal pathogen Malassezia and its role in cancer. FUNGAL BIOL REV 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fbr.2021.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Theelen B, Christinaki AC, Dawson TL, Boekhout T, Kouvelis VN. Comparative analysis of Malassezia furfur mitogenomes and the development of a mitochondria-based typing approach. FEMS Yeast Res 2021; 21:6375414. [PMID: 34562093 PMCID: PMC8510979 DOI: 10.1093/femsyr/foab051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2021] [Accepted: 09/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Malassezia furfur is a yeast species belonging to Malasseziomycetes, Ustilaginomycotina and Basidiomycota that is found on healthy warm-blooded animal skin, but also involved in various skin disorders like seborrheic dermatitis/dandruff and pityriasis versicolor. Moreover, Malassezia are associated with bloodstream infections, Crohn's disease and pancreatic carcinoma. Recent advances in Malassezia genomics and genetics have focused on the nuclear genome. In this work, we present the M. furfur mitochondrial (mt) genetic heterogenicity with full analysis of 14 novel and six available M. furfur mt genomes. The mitogenome analysis reveals a mt gene content typical for fungi, including identification of variable mt regions suitable for intra-species discrimination. Three of them, namely the trnK–atp6 and cox3–nad3 intergenic regions and intron 2 of the cob gene, were selected for primer design to identify strain differences. Malassezia furfur strains belonging to known genetic variable clusters, based on AFLP and nuclear loci, were assessed for their mt variation using PCR amplification and sequencing. The results suggest that these mt regions are excellent molecular markers for the typing of M. furfur strains and may provide added value to nuclear regions when assessing evolutionary relationships at the intraspecies level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bart Theelen
- Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, Uppsalalaan 8, 3584 CT, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Anastasia C Christinaki
- Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, Uppsalalaan 8, 3584 CT, Utrecht, The Netherlands.,Department of Genetics and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis, Athens 15701, Greece
| | - Thomas L Dawson
- Agency for Science, Technology, and Research (A∗STAR), Skin Research Institute of Singapore (SRIS), 11 Mandalay Rd, #17-01, Singapore 308232, Singapore.,Center for Cell Death, Injury and Regeneration, Departments of Drug Discovery and Biomedical Sciences and Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical University of South Carolina, 280 Calhoun St, Charleston, SC, 29425, USA
| | - Teun Boekhout
- Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, Uppsalalaan 8, 3584 CT, Utrecht, The Netherlands.,Institute of Biodiversity and Ecosystem Dynamics (IBED), University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, 1098 XH, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Vassili N Kouvelis
- Department of Genetics and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis, Athens 15701, Greece
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Yang Q, Liu J, Robinson KJ, Whitmore MA, Stewart SN, Zhang G. Perturbations of the ileal mycobiota by necrotic enteritis in broiler chickens. J Anim Sci Biotechnol 2021; 12:107. [PMID: 34625122 PMCID: PMC8501549 DOI: 10.1186/s40104-021-00628-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2021] [Accepted: 08/05/2021] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Intestinal microbiota is critical for maintaining animal health and homeostasis. However, involvement of the fungal community, also known as the mycobiota, in animal health and disease is poorly understood. This study was aimed to examine the association between the intestinal mycobiota and the severity of necrotic enteritis (NE), an economically significant poultry disease. Methods A total of 90 day-of-hatch Cobb broilers were infected with Eimeria maxima on d 10, followed by an oral challenge with C. perfringens on d 14 to induce NE, while another 10 broilers were served as mock-infected controls. On d 17, the lesions in the jejunum were scored, and the ileal digesta were subjected to DNA isolation and real-time PCR quantification of total bacterial and fungi populations. Internal transcribed spacer 2 (ITS2) amplicon sequencing was also performed to profile the ileal mycobiota composition. Changes in the ileal mycobiota in response to NE were investigated. Spearman correlation analysis was further conducted to identify the correlations between relative abundances of individual ileal fungi and the severity of NE. Results While the total bacterial population in the ileum was increased by 2- to 3-fold in NE chickens, the total fungal population was progressively declined in more exacerbated NE, with the most severely infected chickens showing a nearly 50-fold reduction relative to mock-infected controls. Richness of the ileal mycobiota also tended to reduce in chickens with NE (P = 0.06). Compositionally, among 30 most abundant fungal amplicon sequence variants (ASVs), 11 were diminished and 7 were enriched (P < 0.05), while 12 remained largely unchanged in NE-afflicted chickens (P > 0.05). Multiple Wallemia and Aspergillus species were markedly diminished in NE (P < 0.05) and also showed a significant negative correlation with NE severity (P < 0.05). Conclusions Dysbiosis of the ileal mycobiota is induced evidently by NE and the extent of the dysbiosis is positively correlated with disease severity. These findings suggest a possible role of the intestinal mycobiota in NE pathogenesis and highlight the mycobiota as a new potential target for NE mitigation in poultry. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s40104-021-00628-5.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Yang
- Department of Animal and Food Sciences, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, USA
| | - Jing Liu
- Department of Animal and Food Sciences, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, USA
| | - Kelsy J Robinson
- Department of Animal and Food Sciences, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, USA.,Present address: Poultry Production and Product Safety Research Unit, USDA-Agricultural Research Service, Fayetteville, AR, USA
| | - Melanie A Whitmore
- Department of Animal and Food Sciences, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, USA
| | - Sydney N Stewart
- Department of Animal and Food Sciences, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, USA.,Present address: Safety and Security Division, Institute for Public Research, CNA, Arlington, VA, USA
| | - Guolong Zhang
- Department of Animal and Food Sciences, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, USA.
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Chen TL, Lin MC, Wang JH, Lin CS, Hsu CY, Loh CH. Seborrheic dermatitis and risk of incident peptic ulcer disease: A nationwide population-based cohort study. Australas J Dermatol 2021; 62:e546-e553. [PMID: 34370301 DOI: 10.1111/ajd.13680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2021] [Accepted: 07/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Emerging evidence supports a strong association between the skin and the gut. The association between seborrheic dermatitis (SD) and peptic ulcer disease (PUD) was largely unknown. This study aimed to investigate the association of SD and PUD. METHODS This nationwide population-based cohort study was conducted using the Taiwan's National Health Insurance Research Database. A total of 19 445 participants was recruited. Each patient with a diagnosis of incident SD was matched to four patients without SD using propensity scores based on age, gender, index year, insurance amount, urbanisation level, Charlson comorbidity index (CCI), the presence of comorbidities and medication use. The primary endpoint was the development of incident PUD. Hazard ratios (HRs) and corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for PUD occurrence in relation to the presence of SD were calculated. RESULTS Overall, patients with SD had a significantly higher risk for incident PUD than those without SD in both univariable (crude HR = 1.60, 95% CI 1.38-1.86, P < 0.001) and multivariable (adjusted HR = 1.58, 95% CI 1.36-1.83, P < 0.001) Cox proportional hazard regression models. Kaplan-Meier analysis indicated that the cumulative incidence of PUD was consistently higher in individuals with SD than those without SD (log-rank test, P < 0.001). A higher risk of PUD was also found in individuals with SD than those without SD in all stratified analyses by age, gender, CCI and follow-up time. CONCLUSION Patients with SD may have a higher risk for incident PUD. Further studies are warranted to validate our findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tai-Li Chen
- Department of Medical Education, Medical Administration Office, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Mei-Chen Lin
- Management Office for Health Data, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.,College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Jen-Hung Wang
- Department of Medical Research, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Shuan Lin
- Department of Dermatology, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Chung-Y Hsu
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Hui Loh
- School of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan.,Center for Aging and Health, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan
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El Baidouri F, Zalar P, James TY, Gladfelter AS, Amend A. Evolution and Physiology of Amphibious Yeasts. Annu Rev Microbiol 2021; 75:337-357. [PMID: 34351793 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-micro-051421-121352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Since the emergence of the first fungi some 700 million years ago, unicellular yeast-like forms have emerged multiple times in independent lineages via convergent evolution. While tens to hundreds of millions of years separate the independent evolution of these unicellular organisms, they share remarkable phenotypic and metabolic similarities, and all have streamlined genomes. Yeasts occur in every aquatic environment yet examined. Many species are aquatic; perhaps most are amphibious. How these species have evolved to thrive in aquatic habitats is fundamental to understanding functions and evolutionary mechanisms in this unique group of fungi. Here we review the state of knowledge of the physiological and ecological diversity of amphibious yeasts and their key evolutionary adaptations enabling survival in aquatic habitats. We emphasize some genera previously thought to be exclusively terrestrial. Finally, we discuss the ability of many yeasts to survive in extreme habitats and how this might lend insight into ecological plasticity, including amphibious lifestyles. Expected final online publication date for the Annual Review of Microbiology, Volume 75 is October 2021. Please see http://www.annualreviews.org/page/journal/pubdates for revised estimates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fouad El Baidouri
- School of Life Sciences, University of Hawai'i at Mānoa, Honolulu, Hawaii 96822, USA; , .,Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
| | - Polona Zalar
- Department of Biology, Biotechnical Faculty, University of Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Timothy Y James
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA
| | - Amy S Gladfelter
- Department of Biology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, USA.,Marine Biological Laboratory, Woods Hole, Massachusetts 02543, USA
| | - Anthony Amend
- School of Life Sciences, University of Hawai'i at Mānoa, Honolulu, Hawaii 96822, USA; ,
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Herrera G, Vega L, Patarroyo MA, Ramírez JD, Muñoz M. Gut microbiota composition in health-care facility-and community-onset diarrheic patients with Clostridioides difficile infection. Sci Rep 2021; 11:10849. [PMID: 34035404 PMCID: PMC8149855 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-90380-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2020] [Accepted: 05/04/2021] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The role of gut microbiota in the establishment and development of Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI) has been widely discussed. Studies showed the impact of CDI on bacterial communities and the importance of some genera and species in recovering from and preventing infection. However, most studies have overlooked important components of the intestinal ecosystem, such as eukaryotes and archaea. We investigated the bacterial, archaea, and eukaryotic intestinal microbiota of patients with health-care-facility- or community-onset (HCFO and CO, respectively) diarrhea who were positive or negative for CDI. The CDI-positive groups (CO/+, HCFO/+) showed an increase in microorganisms belonging to Bacteroidetes, Firmicutes, Proteobacteria, Ascomycota, and Opalinata compared with the CDI-negative groups (CO/-, HCFO/-). Patients with intrahospital-acquired diarrhea (HCFO/+, HCFO/-) showed a marked decrease in bacteria beneficial to the intestine, and there was evidence of increased Archaea and Candida and Malassezia species compared with the CO groups (CO/+, CO/-). Characteristic microbiota biomarkers were established for each group. Finally, correlations between bacteria and eukaryotes indicated interactions among the different kingdoms making up the intestinal ecosystem. We showed the impact of CDI on microbiota and how it varies with where the infection is acquired, being intrahospital-acquired diarrhea one of the most influential factors in the modulation of bacterial, archaea, and eukaryotic populations. We also highlight interactions between the different kingdoms of the intestinal ecosystem, which need to be evaluated to improve our understanding of CDI pathophysiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanny Herrera
- Centro de Investigaciones en Microbiología y Biotecnología - UR (CIMBIUR), Facultad de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad del Rosario, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Laura Vega
- Centro de Investigaciones en Microbiología y Biotecnología - UR (CIMBIUR), Facultad de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad del Rosario, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Manuel Alfonso Patarroyo
- Molecular Biology and Immunology Department, Fundación Instituto de Inmunología de Colombia (FIDIC), Bogotá, Colombia
- Microbiology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, 111321, Bogotá D.C., Colombia
- Health Sciences Division, Main Campus, Universidad Santo Tomás, 110231, Bogotá D.C., Colombia
| | - Juan David Ramírez
- Centro de Investigaciones en Microbiología y Biotecnología - UR (CIMBIUR), Facultad de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad del Rosario, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Marina Muñoz
- Centro de Investigaciones en Microbiología y Biotecnología - UR (CIMBIUR), Facultad de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad del Rosario, Bogotá, Colombia.
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Analysis of the Gut Mycobiome in Adult Patients with Type 1 and Type 2 Diabetes Using Next-Generation Sequencing (NGS) with Increased Sensitivity-Pilot Study. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13041066. [PMID: 33806027 PMCID: PMC8064496 DOI: 10.3390/nu13041066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2021] [Revised: 03/19/2021] [Accepted: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
The studies on microbiome in the human digestive tract indicate that fungi could also be one of the external factors affecting development of diabetes. The aim of this study was to evaluate the quantitative and qualitative mycobiome composition in the colon of the adults with type 1 (T1D), n = 26 and type 2 (T2D) diabetes, n = 24 compared to the control group, n = 26. The gut mycobiome was characterized in the stool samples using the analysis of the whole internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region of the fungal rDNA gene cluster by next-generation sequencing (NGS) with increased sensitivity. At the L2 (phylum) level, Basidiomycota fungi were predominant in all 3 study groups. Group T1D presented significantly lower number of Ascomycota compared to the T2D group, and at the L6 (genus) level, the T1D group presented significantly lower number of Saccharomyces genus compared to control and T2D groups. In the T1D group, a significant positive correlation between total cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) levels and fungi of the genus Saccharomyces, and in the T2D group, a negative correlation between the total cholesterol level and Malassezia genus was found. The obtained results seem to be a good foundation to extend the analysis of the relationship between individual genera and species of fungi and the parameters determining the metabolism of carbohydrates and lipids in the human body.
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Herrera G, Paredes-Sabja D, Patarroyo MA, Ramírez JD, Muñoz M. Updating changes in human gut microbial communities associated with Clostridioides difficile infection. Gut Microbes 2021; 13:1966277. [PMID: 34486488 PMCID: PMC8425690 DOI: 10.1080/19490976.2021.1966277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2021] [Revised: 07/29/2021] [Accepted: 08/02/2021] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Clostridioides difficile is the causative agent of antibiotic-associated diarrhea, a worldwide public health problem. Different factors can promote the progression of C. difficile infection (CDI), mainly altered intestinal microbiota composition. Microbial species belonging to different domains (i.e., bacteria, archaea, eukaryotes, and even viruses) are synergistically and antagonistically associated with CDI. This review was aimed at updating changes regarding CDI-related human microbiota composition using recent data and an integral approach that included the different microorganism domains. The three domains of life contribute to intestinal microbiota homeostasis at different levels in which relationships among microorganisms could explain the wide range of clinical manifestations. A holistic understanding of intestinal ecosystem functioning will facilitate identifying new predictive factors for infection and developing better treatment and new diagnostic tools, thereby reducing this disease's morbidity and mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanny Herrera
- Centro de Investigaciones en Microbiología y Biotecnología – UR (CIMBIUR), Facultad de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad Del Rosario, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Daniel Paredes-Sabja
- ANID – Millennium Science Initiative Program – Millennium Nucleus in the Biology of the Intestinal Microbiota, Santiago, Chile
- Department of Biology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77843, USA
| | - Manuel Alfonso Patarroyo
- Molecular Biology and Immunology Department, Fundación Instituto de Inmunología de Colombia (FIDIC), Bogotá, Colombia
- Microbiology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá D.C. 111321, Colombia
- Health Sciences Division, Main Campus, Universidad Santo Tomás, Bogotá D.C. 110231, Colombia
| | - Juan David Ramírez
- Centro de Investigaciones en Microbiología y Biotecnología – UR (CIMBIUR), Facultad de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad Del Rosario, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Marina Muñoz
- Centro de Investigaciones en Microbiología y Biotecnología – UR (CIMBIUR), Facultad de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad Del Rosario, Bogotá, Colombia
- ANID – Millennium Science Initiative Program – Millennium Nucleus in the Biology of the Intestinal Microbiota, Santiago, Chile
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