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Jinato T, Anuntakarun S, Satthawiwat N, Chuaypen N, Tangkijvanich P. Distinct alterations of gut microbiota between viral- and non-viral-related hepatocellular carcinoma. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2024; 108:34. [PMID: 38183473 PMCID: PMC10771587 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-023-12845-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Revised: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/08/2024]
Abstract
Altered gut microbiota has been connected to hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) occurrence and advancement. This study was conducted to identify a gut microbiota signature in differentiating between viral-related HCC (Viral-HCC) and non-hepatitis B-, non-hepatitis C-related HCC (NBNC-HCC). Fecal specimens were obtained from 16 healthy controls, 33 patients with viral-HCC (17 and 16 cases with hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection, respectively), and 18 patients with NBNC-HCC. Compositions of fecal microbiota were assessed by 16S rRNA sequencing. Bioinformatic analysis was performed by the DADA2 pipeline in the R program. Significantly different genera from the top 50 relative abundance were used to classify between subgroups of HCC by the Random Forest algorithm. Our data demonstrated that the HCC group had a significantly decreased alpha-diversity and changed microbial composition in comparison with healthy controls. Within the top 50 relative abundance, there were 11 genera including Faecalibacterium, Agathobacter, and Coprococcus that were significantly enhanced in Viral-HCC, while 5 genera such as Bacteroides, Streptococcus, Ruminococcus gnavus group, Parabacteroides, and Erysipelatoclostridium were enhanced in NBNC-HCC. Compared to Viral-HCC, the NBNC-HCC subgroup significantly reduced various short-chain fatty acid-producing bacteria, as well as declined fecal butyrate but elevated plasma surrogate markers of microbial translocation. Based on the machine learning algorithm, a high diagnostic accuracy to classify HCC subgroups was achieved with an area under the receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) curve (AUC) of 0.94. Collectively, these data revealed that gut dysbiosis was distinct according to etiological factors of HCC, which might play an essential role in hepatocarcinogenesis. These findings underscore the possible use of a gut microbiota signature for the diagnosis and therapeutic approaches regarding different subgroups of HCC. KEY POINTS: • Gut dysbiosis is connected to hepatocarcinogenesis and can be used as a novel biomarker. • Gut microbiota composition is significantly altered in different etiological factors of HCC. • Microbiota-based signature can accurately distinguish between Viral-HCC and NBNC-HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thananya Jinato
- Center of Excellence in Hepatitis and Liver Cancer, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
- Doctor of Philosophy Program in Medical Sciences, Graduate Affairs, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Songtham Anuntakarun
- Center of Excellence in Hepatitis and Liver Cancer, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Nantawat Satthawiwat
- Center of Excellence in Hepatitis and Liver Cancer, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Natthaya Chuaypen
- Center of Excellence in Hepatitis and Liver Cancer, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand.
| | - Pisit Tangkijvanich
- Center of Excellence in Hepatitis and Liver Cancer, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand.
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2
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Llorente C. Commentary on the gut microbiome in alcohol use disorder and alcohol-associated liver disease. ALCOHOL, CLINICAL & EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH 2024; 48:1466-1468. [PMID: 38825713 PMCID: PMC11305903 DOI: 10.1111/acer.15382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2024] [Accepted: 05/22/2024] [Indexed: 06/04/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Llorente
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
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3
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Zeng Y, Gan D, Zhang K, Long T, He Y, Zhou R, Liu S, Xiong M. The impact of artificial liver support system on intestinal microbiota and serum bile acid profiles in patients with acute-on-chronic liver failure: a prospective cohort study. Hepatol Int 2024:10.1007/s12072-024-10712-3. [PMID: 39031319 DOI: 10.1007/s12072-024-10712-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2024] [Accepted: 07/06/2024] [Indexed: 07/22/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Acute-on-chronic liver failure (ACLF) patients exhibit an imbalance in intestinal microbiota, and bile acids (BAs) can affect the composition of intestinal microbiota. Although Artificial liver support system (ALSS) is a treatment for ACLF, the impact of ALSS on intestinal microbiota and serum BA profiles of ACLF patients remains unclear. METHODS A prospective study was conducted, which included 51 patients diagnosed with ACLF. These patients were stratified into two groups based on the utilization of an ALSS during their treatment period: a standard medical treatment group (SMT group), comprising 19 patients, and an ALSS combined with SMT group (ALSS group), comprising 32 patients. Blood and stool samples were collected from the patients on the day of admission and 14 days after treatment. Additionally, eight healthy controls were recruited, and their stool samples were also collected. The intestinal microbiota was sequenced using the 16S rRNA sequencing technique, while the serum BA profiles were determined using ultra-performance liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry. RESULTS ACLF patients exhibited imbalances in intestinal microbiota and abnormalities in BA profiles. Compared to SMT alone, the combined ALSS and SMT was more effective in regulating intestinal microbiota imbalance and increasing the concentrations of ursodeoxycholic acid and glycoursodeoxycholic acid. Correlation analysis revealed a significant correlation between intestinal microbiota and Bas. Furthermore, the preliminary correlation heatmap indicated that the Faecalibaculum, Gemmiger, and taurochenodeoxycholic acid were associated with clinical improvement. CONCLUSIONS Our study identified the compositional characteristics of the intestinal microbiota and serum BA in ACLF patients, emphasizing the impact of ALSS on both intestinal microbiota and serum BA profiles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuyu Zeng
- Infectious Diseases Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, NO.167, Qingshan Lake Avenue, Nanchang, 330000, China
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, NO.17, Yongwai Zheng Street, Nanchang, 330000, China
| | - Dakai Gan
- Infectious Diseases Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, NO.167, Qingshan Lake Avenue, Nanchang, 330000, China
| | - Kaige Zhang
- The Second Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, NO.17, Minde Road, Nanchang, 330000, China
| | - Tao Long
- Infectious Diseases Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, NO.167, Qingshan Lake Avenue, Nanchang, 330000, China
| | - Yan He
- Infectious Diseases Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, NO.167, Qingshan Lake Avenue, Nanchang, 330000, China
- The Third Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, NO.128, Xiangshan North Road, Nanchang, 330000, China
| | - Rui Zhou
- Infectious Diseases Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, NO.167, Qingshan Lake Avenue, Nanchang, 330000, China
- The Third Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, NO.128, Xiangshan North Road, Nanchang, 330000, China
| | - Shuanglan Liu
- Infectious Diseases Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, NO.167, Qingshan Lake Avenue, Nanchang, 330000, China
- The Third Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, NO.128, Xiangshan North Road, Nanchang, 330000, China
| | - Molong Xiong
- Infectious Diseases Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, NO.167, Qingshan Lake Avenue, Nanchang, 330000, China.
- The Third Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, NO.128, Xiangshan North Road, Nanchang, 330000, China.
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4
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Wei Y, Li J, Zhu B, Hu Q, Lan M, Zhou J, Luo J, Zhu W, Lai Y, Long E, Zhou L. Metagenomic comparison of intestinal microbiota between normal and liver fibrotic rhesus macaques (Macaca mulatta). Sci Rep 2024; 14:15677. [PMID: 38977718 PMCID: PMC11231266 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-64397-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2023] [Accepted: 06/07/2024] [Indexed: 07/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Liver fibrosis is an important pathological process in chronic liver disease and cirrhosis. Recent studies have found a close association between intestinal microbiota and the development of liver fibrosis. To determine whether there are differences in the intestinal microbiota between rhesus macaques with liver fibrosis (MG) and normal rhesus macaques (MN), fecal samples were collected from 8 male MG and 12 male MN. The biological composition of the intestinal microbiota was then detected using 16S rRNA gene sequencing. The results revealed statistically significant differences in ASVs and Chao1 in the alpha-diversity and the beta-diversity of intestinal microbiota between MG and MN. Both groups shared Prevotella and Lactobacillus as common dominant microbiota. However, beneficial bacteria such as Lactobacillus were significantly less abundant in MG (P = 0.02). Predictive functional analysis using PICRUSt2 gene prediction revealed that MG exhibited a higher relative abundance of functions related to substance transport and metabolic pathways. This study may provide insight into further exploration of the mechanisms by which intestinal microbiota affect liver fibrosis and its potential future use in treating liver fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuankui Wei
- School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Junhui Li
- Departmemt of Institute of Laboratory Animal Sciences, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Baoqiang Zhu
- Department of Pharmacy, 363 Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Qi Hu
- Institute of Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Ming Lan
- Departmemt of Institute of Laboratory Animal Sciences, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Jia Zhou
- Departmemt of Institute of Laboratory Animal Sciences, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Jianbo Luo
- Departmemt of Institute of Laboratory Animal Sciences, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Wanlong Zhu
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second People's Hospital of Panzhihua, Panzhihua, Sichuan, China
| | - Yong Lai
- School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Enwu Long
- School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China.
- Departmemt of Institute of Laboratory Animal Sciences, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
- Department of Pharmacy, Personalized Drug Therapy Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences & Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
| | - Liang Zhou
- Departmemt of Institute of Laboratory Animal Sciences, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
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Cheng Z, Yang L, Chu H. The role of gut microbiota, exosomes, and their interaction in the pathogenesis of ALD. J Adv Res 2024:S2090-1232(24)00268-6. [PMID: 38969094 DOI: 10.1016/j.jare.2024.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2024] [Revised: 06/30/2024] [Accepted: 07/01/2024] [Indexed: 07/07/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The liver disorders caused by alcohol abuse are termed alcoholic-related liver disease (ALD), including alcoholic steatosis, alcoholic steatohepatitis alcoholic hepatitis, and alcoholic cirrhosis, posing a significant threat to human health. Currently, ALD pathogenesis has not been completely clarified, which is likely to be related to the direct damage caused by alcohol and its metabolic products, oxidative stress, gut dysbiosis, and exosomes. AIMS The existing studies suggest that both the gut microbiota and exosomes contribute to the development of ALD. Moreover, there exists an interaction between the gut microbiota and exosomes. We discuss whether this interaction plays a role in the pathogenesis of ALD and whether it can be a potential therapeutic target for ALD treatment. KEY SCIENTIFIC CONCEPTS OF REVIEW Chronic alcohol intake alters the diversity and composition of gut microbiota, which greatly contributes to ALD's progression. Some approaches targeting the gut microbiota, including probiotics, fecal microbiota transplantation, and phage therapy, have been confirmed to effectively ameliorate ALD in many animal experiments and/or several clinical trials. In ALD, the levels of exosomes and the expression profile of microRNA have also changed, which affects the pathogenesis of ALD. Moreover, there is an interplay between exosomes and the gut microbiota, which also putatively acts as a pathogenic factor of ALD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zilu Cheng
- Division of Gastroenterology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1277 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, Hubei Province 430022, China; Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Ling Yang
- Division of Gastroenterology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1277 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, Hubei Province 430022, China; Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
| | - Huikuan Chu
- Division of Gastroenterology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1277 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, Hubei Province 430022, China; Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
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6
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Grodin EN, Burnette EM, Rodriguez C, Fulcher JA, Ray LA. The gut microbiome in alcohol use disorder and alcohol-associated liver disease: A systematic review of clinical studies. ALCOHOL, CLINICAL & EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH 2024; 48:1221-1242. [PMID: 38719790 DOI: 10.1111/acer.15338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2024] [Revised: 04/01/2024] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 07/11/2024]
Abstract
Evidence suggests that a relationship exists between the gut microbiome and the pathogenesis of alcohol use disorder (AUD) and alcohol-associated liver disease (AALD). This systematic review identified studies that investigated the gut microbiome in individuals with an AUD or an AALD. A search was conducted on October 27, 2022, in PubMed, Web of Science, and Embase databases. Fifty studies satisfied eligibility criteria. Most studies found evidence for gut dysbiosis in individuals with AUD and AALD. Microbiome intervention studies have mostly been conducted in AALD patients; fecal microbial transplant interventions show the most promise. Because most studies were conducted cross-sectionally, the causal relationship between the gut microbiome and alcohol use is unknown. Furthermore, almost all studies have been conducted in predominantly male populations, leaving critical questions regarding sex differences and generalizability of the findings. The study summaries and recommendations provided in this review seek to identify areas for further research and to highlight potential gut microbial interventions for treating AUD and AALD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erica N Grodin
- Department of Psychology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
- Brain Research Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Elizabeth M Burnette
- Brain Research Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Crystal Rodriguez
- Department of Psychology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Jennifer A Fulcher
- Division of Infectious Diseases, David Gefen School of Medicine at the University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Lara A Ray
- Department of Psychology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
- Brain Research Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
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7
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Satthawiwat N, Jinato T, Sutheeworapong S, Tanpowpong N, Chuaypen N, Tangkijvanich P. Distinct Gut Microbial Signature and Host Genetic Variants in Association with Liver Fibrosis Severity in Patients with MASLD. Nutrients 2024; 16:1800. [PMID: 38931155 PMCID: PMC11206871 DOI: 10.3390/nu16121800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2024] [Revised: 06/03/2024] [Accepted: 06/04/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Gut microbiota might affect the severity and progression of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD). We aimed to characterize gut dysbiosis and clinical parameters regarding fibrosis stages assessed by magnetic resonance elastography. This study included 156 patients with MASLD, stratified into no/mild fibrosis (F0-F1) and moderate/severe fibrosis (F2-F4). Fecal specimens were sequenced targeting the V4 region of the 16S rRNA gene and analyzed using bioinformatics. The genotyping of PNPLA3, TM6SF2, and HSD17B13 was assessed by allelic discrimination assays. Our data showed that gut microbial profiles between groups significantly differed in beta-diversity but not in alpha-diversity indices. Enriched Fusobacterium and Escherichia_Shigella, and depleted Lachnospira were found in the F2-F4 group versus the F0-F1 group. Compared to F0-F1, the F2-F4 group had elevated plasma surrogate markers of gut epithelial permeability and bacterial translocation. The bacterial genera, PNPLA3 polymorphisms, old age, and diabetes were independently associated with advanced fibrosis in multivariable analyses. Using the Random Forest classifier, the gut microbial signature of three genera could differentiate the groups with high diagnostic accuracy (AUC of 0.93). These results indicated that the imbalance of enriched pathogenic genera and decreased beneficial bacteria, in association with several clinical and genetic factors, were potential contributors to the pathogenesis and progression of MASLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nantawat Satthawiwat
- Center of Excellence in Hepatitis and Liver Cancer, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand; (N.S.); (T.J.); (N.C.)
- Doctor of Philosophy Program in Medical Biochemistry, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Thananya Jinato
- Center of Excellence in Hepatitis and Liver Cancer, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand; (N.S.); (T.J.); (N.C.)
| | - Sawannee Sutheeworapong
- Systems Biology and Bioinformatics Research Unit, Pilot Plant Development and Training Institute, King Mongkut’s University of Technology Thonburi, Bangkok 10150, Thailand;
| | - Natthaporn Tanpowpong
- Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand;
| | - Natthaya Chuaypen
- Center of Excellence in Hepatitis and Liver Cancer, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand; (N.S.); (T.J.); (N.C.)
| | - Pisit Tangkijvanich
- Center of Excellence in Hepatitis and Liver Cancer, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand; (N.S.); (T.J.); (N.C.)
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8
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Wei J, Wang S, Huang J, Zhou X, Qian Z, Wu T, Fan Q, Liang Y, Cui G. Network medicine-based analysis of the hepatoprotective effects of Amomum villosum Lour. on alcoholic liver disease in rats. Food Sci Nutr 2024; 12:3759-3773. [PMID: 38726425 PMCID: PMC11077240 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.4046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2023] [Revised: 02/01/2024] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Alcoholic liver disease (ALD) is characterized by high morbidity and mortality, and mainly results from prolonged and excessive alcohol use. Amomum villosum Lour. (A. villosum), a well-known traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), has hepatoprotective properties. However, its ability to combat alcohol-induced liver injury has not been fully explored. The objective of this study was to investigate the hepatoprotective effects of A. villosum in a rat model of alcohol-induced liver disease, thereby establishing a scientific foundation for the potential preventive use of A. villosum in ALD. We established a Chinese liquor (Baijiu)-induced liver injury model in rats. Hematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining, in combination with biochemical tests, was used to evaluate the protective effects of A. villosum on the liver. The integration of network medicine analysis with experimental validation was used to explore the hepatoprotective effects and potential mechanisms of A. villosum in rats. Our findings showed that A. villosum ameliorated alcohol-induced changes in body weight, liver index, hepatic steatosis, inflammation, blood lipid metabolism, and liver function in rats. Network proximity analysis was employed to identify 18 potentially active ingredients of A. villosum for ALD treatment. These potentially active ingredients in the blood were further identified using mass spectrometry (MS). Our results showed that A. villosum plays a hepatoprotective role by modulating the protein levels of estrogen receptor 1 (ESR1), anti-nuclear receptor subfamily 3 group C member 1 (NR3C1), interleukin 6 (IL-6), and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α). In conclusion, the results of the current study suggested that A. villosum potentially exerts hepatoprotective effects on ALD in rats, possibly through regulating the protein levels of ESR1, NR3C1, IL-6, and TNF-α.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Wei
- School of BioengineeringZhuhai Campus of Zunyi Medical UniversityZhuhaiChina
| | - Sihua Wang
- School of BioengineeringZhuhai Campus of Zunyi Medical UniversityZhuhaiChina
| | - Junze Huang
- School of BioengineeringZhuhai Campus of Zunyi Medical UniversityZhuhaiChina
| | - Xinhua Zhou
- Guangzhou Eighth People's HospitalGuangzhou Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | | | - Tingbiao Wu
- School of BioengineeringZhuhai Campus of Zunyi Medical UniversityZhuhaiChina
| | - Qing Fan
- Basic Medical Science DepartmentZhuhai Campus of Zunyi Medical UniversityZhuhaiChina
| | - Yongyin Liang
- School of BioengineeringZhuhai Campus of Zunyi Medical UniversityZhuhaiChina
| | - Guozhen Cui
- School of BioengineeringZhuhai Campus of Zunyi Medical UniversityZhuhaiChina
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9
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Muller E, Shiryan I, Borenstein E. Multi-omic integration of microbiome data for identifying disease-associated modules. Nat Commun 2024; 15:2621. [PMID: 38521774 PMCID: PMC10960825 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-46888-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2024] [Accepted: 03/08/2024] [Indexed: 03/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Multi-omic studies of the human gut microbiome are crucial for understanding its role in disease across multiple functional layers. Nevertheless, integrating and analyzing such complex datasets poses significant challenges. Most notably, current analysis methods often yield extensive lists of disease-associated features (e.g., species, pathways, or metabolites), without capturing the multi-layered structure of the data. Here, we address this challenge by introducing "MintTea", an intermediate integration-based approach combining canonical correlation analysis extensions, consensus analysis, and an evaluation protocol. MintTea identifies "disease-associated multi-omic modules", comprising features from multiple omics that shift in concord and that collectively associate with the disease. Applied to diverse cohorts, MintTea captures modules with high predictive power, significant cross-omic correlations, and alignment with known microbiome-disease associations. For example, analyzing samples from a metabolic syndrome study, MintTea identifies a module with serum glutamate- and TCA cycle-related metabolites, along with bacterial species linked to insulin resistance. In another dataset, MintTea identifies a module associated with late-stage colorectal cancer, including Peptostreptococcus and Gemella species and fecal amino acids, in line with these species' metabolic activity and their coordinated gradual increase with cancer development. This work demonstrates the potential of advanced integration methods in generating systems-level, multifaceted hypotheses underlying microbiome-disease interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Efrat Muller
- Blavatnik School of Computer Science, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Itamar Shiryan
- Blavatnik School of Computer Science, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Elhanan Borenstein
- Blavatnik School of Computer Science, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.
- Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.
- Santa Fe Institute, Santa Fe, NM, USA.
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10
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Zhu L, Cao F, Hu Z, Zhou Y, Guo T, Yan S, Xie Q, Xia X, Yuan H, Li G, Luo F, Lin Q. Cyanidin-3-O-Glucoside Alleviates Alcoholic Liver Injury via Modulating Gut Microbiota and Metabolites in Mice. Nutrients 2024; 16:694. [PMID: 38474822 DOI: 10.3390/nu16050694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2024] [Revised: 02/21/2024] [Accepted: 02/24/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Alcoholic liver disease (ALD) is primarily caused by long-term excessive alcohol consumption. Cyanidin-3-O-glucoside (C3G) is a widely occurring natural anthocyanin with multiple biological activities. This study aims to investigate the effects of C3G isolated from black rice on ALD and explore the potential mechanism. C57BL/6J mice (male) were fed with standard diet (CON) and Lieber-DeCarli liquid-fed (Eth) or supplemented with a 100 mg/kg/d C3G Diet (Eth-C3G), respectively. Our results showed that C3G could effectively ameliorate the pathological structure and liver function, and also inhibited the accumulation of liver lipids. C3G supplementation could partially alleviate the injury of intestinal barrier in the alcohol-induced mice. C3G supplementation could increase the abundance of Norank_f_Muribaculaceae, meanwhile, the abundances of Bacteroides, Blautia, Collinsella, Escherichia-Shigella, Enterococcus, Prevotella, [Ruminococcus]_gnavus_group, Methylobacterium-Methylorubrum, Romboutsia, Streptococcus, Bilophila, were decreased. Spearman's correlation analysis showed that 12 distinct genera were correlated with blood lipid levels. Non-targeted metabolic analyses of cecal contents showed that C3G supplementation could affect the composition of intestinal metabolites, particularly bile acids. In conclusion, C3G can attenuate alcohol-induced liver injury by modulating the gut microbiota and metabolites, suggesting its potential as a functional food ingredient against alcoholic liver disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingfeng Zhu
- National Engineering Laboratory for Deep Process of Rice and Byproducts, Hunan Key Laboratory of Grain-Oil Deep Process and Quality Control, College of Food Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, China
- Hunan Agricultural Product Processing Institute, Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha 410125, China
| | - Fuliang Cao
- College of Forestry, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Zuomin Hu
- National Engineering Laboratory for Deep Process of Rice and Byproducts, Hunan Key Laboratory of Grain-Oil Deep Process and Quality Control, College of Food Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, China
| | - Yaping Zhou
- National Engineering Laboratory for Deep Process of Rice and Byproducts, Hunan Key Laboratory of Grain-Oil Deep Process and Quality Control, College of Food Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, China
| | - Tianyi Guo
- National Engineering Laboratory for Deep Process of Rice and Byproducts, Hunan Key Laboratory of Grain-Oil Deep Process and Quality Control, College of Food Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, China
| | - Sisi Yan
- National Engineering Laboratory for Deep Process of Rice and Byproducts, Hunan Key Laboratory of Grain-Oil Deep Process and Quality Control, College of Food Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, China
| | - Qiutao Xie
- Hunan Agricultural Product Processing Institute, Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha 410125, China
| | - Xinxin Xia
- Hunan Agricultural Product Processing Institute, Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha 410125, China
| | - Hongyan Yuan
- Hunan Agricultural Product Processing Institute, Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha 410125, China
| | - Gaoyang Li
- Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha 410125, China
| | - Feijun Luo
- National Engineering Laboratory for Deep Process of Rice and Byproducts, Hunan Key Laboratory of Grain-Oil Deep Process and Quality Control, College of Food Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, China
| | - Qinlu Lin
- National Engineering Laboratory for Deep Process of Rice and Byproducts, Hunan Key Laboratory of Grain-Oil Deep Process and Quality Control, College of Food Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, China
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11
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Xu X, Zhao Y, Wang X, Zhang R, Liu S, Sun R, Wang Z, Ge L, Sun Y, Zhang S, Ma H, Zhan J. Diagnostic and prognostic value of the gut microbiota and its metabolite butyrate in children with biliary atresia. Pediatr Surg Int 2023; 40:24. [PMID: 38127131 DOI: 10.1007/s00383-023-05606-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To determine the prevalent microbiological profile of biliary atresia (BA) patients at the time of its occurrence by studying their intestinal flora. METHODS A total of 118 gut microbiota samples from three groups of 43 BA patients, 33 disease controls (DC) with other cholestatic diseases and 42 healthy controls (HC), were analyzed by deep mining of public data. Subsequently, a total of 23 fecal samples from three groups of clinically collected patients (11 BA, 6 DC and 6 HC) were sequenced for 16S rRNA gene amplification and analyzed for serum butyrate (BU) level by liquid chromatography. RESULTS Taxonomic analysis revealed significant differences in the composition of the intestinal microbiota between BA patients and controls, with a reduction in diversity and a higher abundance of Proteobacteria, Streptococcus and Lactobacillus in the BA group. Database and clinical data analyses concluded that Streptococcus/Bacteroides (AUC = 0.9035, 95% CI 0.8347-0.9722, P < 0.0001) or Streptococcus/Eggerthella (AUC = 0.8333, 95% CI 0.6340-1.000, P = 0.027) was the best microbiota to differentiate between BA and DC. Serum butyrate levels were low in the BA and DC groups and differed from the HC group (P = 0.01, P = 0.04). Butyrate levels in BA were negatively correlated with jaundice clearance and cholangitis, but not statistically significant. CONCLUSIONS Our study reveals changes in the composition of the gut microbiota in BA, especially the butyrate-producing microbiota, and suggests the potential for using gut microbiota as a noninvasive diagnostic benefit for BA. Low levels of serum butyrate in BA may indicate a poor prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaodan Xu
- Graduate College, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, People's Republic of China
- Department of General Surgery, Tianjin Children's Hospital, LongYan Road 238, Beichen District, Tianjin, 300134, People's Republic of China
| | - Yilin Zhao
- Graduate College, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, People's Republic of China
- Department of General Surgery, Tianjin Children's Hospital, LongYan Road 238, Beichen District, Tianjin, 300134, People's Republic of China
| | - Xueting Wang
- Graduate College, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, People's Republic of China
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Xinjiang Yili Friendship Hospital, Yili, 835000, People's Republic of China
| | - Ruifeng Zhang
- Graduate College, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, People's Republic of China
- Department of General Surgery, Tianjin Children's Hospital, LongYan Road 238, Beichen District, Tianjin, 300134, People's Republic of China
| | - Shaowen Liu
- Graduate College, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, People's Republic of China
- Department of General Surgery, Tianjin Children's Hospital, LongYan Road 238, Beichen District, Tianjin, 300134, People's Republic of China
| | - Rongjuan Sun
- Graduate College, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, People's Republic of China
- Department of General Surgery, Tianjin Children's Hospital, LongYan Road 238, Beichen District, Tianjin, 300134, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhiru Wang
- Graduate College, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, People's Republic of China
- Department of General Surgery, Tianjin Children's Hospital, LongYan Road 238, Beichen District, Tianjin, 300134, People's Republic of China
| | - Liang Ge
- Department of General Surgery, Tianjin Children's Hospital, LongYan Road 238, Beichen District, Tianjin, 300134, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Sun
- Department of General Surgery, Tianjin Children's Hospital, LongYan Road 238, Beichen District, Tianjin, 300134, People's Republic of China
| | - Shujian Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Tianjin Children's Hospital, LongYan Road 238, Beichen District, Tianjin, 300134, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui Ma
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Tianjin Children's Hospital, Tianjin, 300134, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianghua Zhan
- Department of General Surgery, Tianjin Children's Hospital, LongYan Road 238, Beichen District, Tianjin, 300134, People's Republic of China.
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12
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Hu S, Gao K, Jiao Y, Yuan Z. Glycolysis characteristics of intracellular polysaccharides from Agaricus bitorquis (Quél.) sacc. Chaidam and its effects on intestinal flora from different altitudes of mice in vitro fermentation. Food Res Int 2023; 173:113382. [PMID: 37803720 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2023.113382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2023] [Revised: 08/13/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 10/08/2023]
Abstract
The glycolysis characteristics and effects on intestinal flora of polysaccharides from Agaricus bitorquis (Quél.) Sacc. Chaidam (ABIPs) in vitro fermentation by different altitudes of mice feces was examined, including low, medium, and high altitudes groups (LG, MG, and HG). In vitro, fermentation of ABIPs forty-eight hours resulted in a remarkable decrease in total sugar content and improvement of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) (mainly acetate, propionate, and butyrate), which simultaneously induced the composition of monose and uronic acids and SCFAs continuously change. Besides, ABIPs influenced the abundance and composition of the intestinal flora, generally increasing the abundance of probiotic bacteria (such as Bifidobacterium and Faecalibacterium) and decreasing the abundance of harmful bacteria (such as Phenylobacterium and Streptococcus) in all groups, with the highland biology core genus Blautia significantly enriched in LG and MG groups. It was also found that ABIPs enhanced pathways associated with biosynthesis and metabolism. In addition, correlation analysis speculated that the metabolism of SCFAs by ABIPs may be associated with genera such as Anaerostipes, Roseburia, and Weissella. ABIPs may protect organismal health by regulating hypoxic intestinal flora composition and metabolic function, and more superior fermentation performance was observed in MG compared to other groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shicheng Hu
- College of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry, Qinghai University, Qinghai 810016, China
| | - Ke Gao
- College of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry, Qinghai University, Qinghai 810016, China
| | - Yingchun Jiao
- College of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry, Qinghai University, Qinghai 810016, China
| | - Zhenzhen Yuan
- College of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry, Qinghai University, Qinghai 810016, China.
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Habermaass V, Olivero D, Gori E, Mariti C, Longhi E, Marchetti V. Intestinal Microbiome in Dogs with Chronic Hepatobiliary Disease: Can We Talk about the Gut-Liver Axis? Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:3174. [PMID: 37893898 PMCID: PMC10603696 DOI: 10.3390/ani13203174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2023] [Revised: 10/06/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The gut-liver axis represents a current topic in human medicine. Extensive research investigates the gut microbiome (GM) modifications in relation to various kinds of chronic hepatobiliary diseases (CHD), with many mechanisms and therapeutical implications recognized. Those aspects in veterinary medicine are still quite unexplored. The aim of the present study was to evaluate GM in dogs diagnosed with CD. Comparison among CHD dogs were made considering some clinical and biochemical variables (lipemia and alanine-aminotransferase activities), presence of cholestasis or endocrine disorders, diet). Sixty-five dogs were prospectively enrolled with clinical and hematobiochemical evaluation and 16S-RNA GM sequencing assessed. Dogs that received antibiotics and/or pre/pro/symbiotics administration were excluded. Deeper GM alteration was observed between dogs with or without ultrasonographic and biochemical cholestatic CHD. Cholestasis was associated with a decrease in several bacterial taxa, including Clostridium hiranonis, Fusobacterium, Megamonas, Ruminococcus faecis, Turicibacter, and higher levels of Escherichia/Shigella and Serratia. Thus, the alteration in bile flow and composition, typical of cholestasis, may directly affect the local intestinal microbial environment. For the management of dogs with CHD and especially cholestatic CHD, clinicians should be aware that gut-liver interaction may lead to dysbiosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Verena Habermaass
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Pisa, Via Livornese Lato Monte, 56122 Pisa, Italy; (V.H.); (E.G.); (V.M.)
| | - Daniela Olivero
- Analysis Lab BSA Scilvet, Via A. D’Aosta 7, 20129 Milan, Italy
| | - Eleonora Gori
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Pisa, Via Livornese Lato Monte, 56122 Pisa, Italy; (V.H.); (E.G.); (V.M.)
| | - Chiara Mariti
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Pisa, Via Livornese Lato Monte, 56122 Pisa, Italy; (V.H.); (E.G.); (V.M.)
| | - Erika Longhi
- Analysis Lab Labospace, Via Apelle 41, 20128 Milan, Italy;
| | - Veronica Marchetti
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Pisa, Via Livornese Lato Monte, 56122 Pisa, Italy; (V.H.); (E.G.); (V.M.)
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Zhang D, Liu Z, Bai F. Roles of Gut Microbiota in Alcoholic Liver Disease. Int J Gen Med 2023; 16:3735-3746. [PMID: 37641627 PMCID: PMC10460590 DOI: 10.2147/ijgm.s420195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2023] [Accepted: 08/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Alcoholic liver disease (ALD)-one of the most common liver diseases - involves a wide range of disorders, including asymptomatic hepatic steatosis, alcoholic hepatitis (AH), liver fibrosis, and cirrhosis. Alcohol consumption induces a weakened gut barrier and changes in the composition of the gut microbiota. The presence of CYP2E1 and its elevated levels in the gastrointestinal tract after alcohol exposure lead to elevated levels of ROS and acetaldehyde, inducing inflammation and oxidative damage in the gut. At the same time, the influx of harmful molecules such as the bacterial endotoxin LPS and peptidogly from gut dysbiosis can induce intestinal inflammation and oxidative damage, further compromising the intestinal mucosal barrier. In this process, various oxidative stress-mediated post-translational modifications (PTMs) play an important role in the integrity of the barrier, eg, the presence of acetaldehyde will result in the sustained phosphorylation of several paracellular proteins (occludin and zona occludens-1), which can lead to intestinal leakage. Eventually, persistent oxidative stress, LPS infiltration and hepatocyte damage through the enterohepatic circulation will lead to hepatic stellate cell activation and hepatic fibrosis. In addition, probiotics, prebiotics, synbiotics, fecal microbial transplantation (FMT), bioengineered bacteria, gut-restricted FXR agonists and others are promising therapeutic approaches that can alter gut microbiota composition to improve ALD. In the future, there will be new challenges to study the interactions between the genetics of individuals with ALD and their gut microbiome, to provide personalized interventions targeting the gut-liver axis, and to develop better techniques to measure microbial communities and metabolites in the body.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daya Zhang
- Graduate School, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, People’s Republic of China
| | - ZhengJin Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Feihu Bai
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, People’s Republic of China
- The Gastroenterology Clinical Medical Center of Hainan Province, Haikou, People’s Republic of China
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Shin JH, Lee Y, Song EJ, Lee D, Jang SY, Byeon HR, Hong MG, Lee SN, Kim HJ, Seo JG, Jun DW, Nam YD. Faecalibacterium prausnitzii prevents hepatic damage in a mouse model of NASH induced by a high-fructose high-fat diet. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1123547. [PMID: 37007480 PMCID: PMC10060964 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1123547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023] Open
Abstract
IntroductionNonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is an advanced nonalcoholic fatty liver disease characterized by chronic inflammation and fibrosis. A dysbiosis of the gut microbiota has been associated with the pathophysiology of NASH, and probiotics have proven helpful in its treatment and prevention. Although both traditional and next-generation probiotics have the potential to alleviate various diseases, studies that observe the therapeutic effect of next-generation probiotics on NASH are lacking. Therefore, we investigated whether a next-generation probiotic candidate, Faecalibacterium prausnitzii, contributed to the mitigation of NASH.MethodsIn this study, we conducted 16S rRNA sequencing analyses in patients with NASH and healthy controls. To test F. prausnitzii could alleviate NASH symptoms, we isolated four F. prausnitzii strains (EB-FPDK3, EB-FPDK9, EB-FPDK11, and EB-FPYYK1) from fecal samples collected from four healthy individuals. Mice were maintained on a high-fructose high-fat diet for 16 weeks to induce a NASH model and received oral administration of the bacterial strains. Changes in characteristic NASH phenotypes were assessed via oral glucose tolerance tests, biochemical assays, and histological analyses.Results16S rRNA sequencing analyses confirmed that the relative abundance of F. prausnitzii reduced significantly in patients with NASH compared to healthy controls (p < 0.05). In the NASH mice, F. prausnitzii supplementation improved glucose homeostasis, prevented hepatic lipid accumulation, curbed liver damage and fibrosis, restored damaged gut barrier functions, and alleviated hepatic steatosis and liver inflammation. Furthermore, real-time PCR assays documented that the four F. prausnitzii strains regulated the expression of genes related to hepatic steatosis in these mice.DiscussionOur study, therefore, confirms that the administration of F. prausnitzii bacteria can alleviate NASH symptoms. We propose that F. prausnitzii has the potential to contribute to the next-generation probiotic treatment of NASH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Hee Shin
- Research Group of Personalized Diet, Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju-gun, Jeollabuk-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoonmi Lee
- R&D Center, Enterobiome Inc., Goyang-si, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun-Ji Song
- Research Group of Personalized Diet, Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju-gun, Jeollabuk-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Dokyung Lee
- R&D Center, Enterobiome Inc., Goyang-si, Republic of Korea
| | - Seo-Yul Jang
- R&D Center, Enterobiome Inc., Goyang-si, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye Rim Byeon
- R&D Center, Enterobiome Inc., Goyang-si, Republic of Korea
| | - Moon-Gi Hong
- R&D Center, Enterobiome Inc., Goyang-si, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Nam Lee
- R&D Center, Enterobiome Inc., Goyang-si, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun-Jin Kim
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 Four), Institute of Agriculture and Life Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju-si, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Gu Seo
- R&D Center, Enterobiome Inc., Goyang-si, Republic of Korea
- *Correspondence: Jae-Gu Seo,
| | - Dae Won Jun
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hanyang University, College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Dae Won Jun,
| | - Young-Do Nam
- Research Group of Personalized Diet, Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju-gun, Jeollabuk-do, Republic of Korea
- Young-Do Nam,
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16
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Huang X, Yang Y, Li X, Zhu X, Lin D, Ma Y, Zhou M, Cui X, Zhang B, Dang D, Lü Y, Yue C. The gut microbiota: A new perspective for tertiary prevention of hepatobiliary and gallbladder diseases. Front Nutr 2023; 10:1089909. [PMID: 36814514 PMCID: PMC9940272 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1089909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 01/11/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The gut microbiota is a complex ecosystem that has coevolved with the human body for hundreds of millions of years. In the past 30 years, with the progress of gene sequencing and omics technology, the research related to gut microbiota has developed rapidly especially in the field of digestive system diseases and systemic metabolic diseases. Mechanical, biological, immune, and other factors make the intestinal flora form a close bidirectional connection with the liver and gallbladder, which can be called the "gut-liver-biliary axis." Liver and gallbladder, as internal organs of the peritoneum, suffer from insidious onset, which are not easy to detect. The diagnosis is often made through laboratory chemical tests and imaging methods, and intervention measures are usually taken only when organic lesions have occurred. At this time, some people may have entered the irreversible stage of disease development. We reviewed the literature describing the role of intestinal flora in the pathogenesis and biotherapy of hepatobiliary diseases in the past 3-5 years, including the dynamic changes of intestinal flora at different stages of the disease, as well as the signaling pathways involved in intestinal flora and its metabolites, etc. After summarizing the above contents, we hope to highlight the potential of intestinal flora as a new clinical target for early prevention, early diagnosis, timely treatment and prognosis of hepatobiliary diseases. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyu Huang
- Yan’an Key Laboratory of Microbial Drug Innovation and Transformation, School of Basic Medicine, Yan’an University, Yan’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yi Yang
- Yan’an Key Laboratory of Microbial Drug Innovation and Transformation, School of Basic Medicine, Yan’an University, Yan’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xueli Li
- Yan’an Key Laboratory of Microbial Drug Innovation and Transformation, School of Basic Medicine, Yan’an University, Yan’an, Shaanxi, China,Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Chemical Reaction Engineering, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yan’an University, Yan’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xiaoya Zhu
- Yan’an Key Laboratory of Microbial Drug Innovation and Transformation, School of Basic Medicine, Yan’an University, Yan’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Dan Lin
- Yan’an Key Laboratory of Microbial Drug Innovation and Transformation, School of Basic Medicine, Yan’an University, Yan’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yueran Ma
- Yan’an Key Laboratory of Microbial Drug Innovation and Transformation, School of Basic Medicine, Yan’an University, Yan’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Min Zhou
- Yan’an Key Laboratory of Microbial Drug Innovation and Transformation, School of Basic Medicine, Yan’an University, Yan’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xiangyi Cui
- Yan’an Key Laboratory of Microbial Drug Innovation and Transformation, School of Basic Medicine, Yan’an University, Yan’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Bingyu Zhang
- Yan’an Key Laboratory of Microbial Drug Innovation and Transformation, School of Basic Medicine, Yan’an University, Yan’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Dongmei Dang
- Yan’an Key Laboratory of Microbial Drug Innovation and Transformation, School of Basic Medicine, Yan’an University, Yan’an, Shaanxi, China,*Correspondence: Changwu Yue, ; Yuhong Lü, ; Dongmei Dang,
| | - Yuhong Lü
- Yan’an Key Laboratory of Microbial Drug Innovation and Transformation, School of Basic Medicine, Yan’an University, Yan’an, Shaanxi, China,*Correspondence: Changwu Yue, ; Yuhong Lü, ; Dongmei Dang,
| | - Changwu Yue
- Yan’an Key Laboratory of Microbial Drug Innovation and Transformation, School of Basic Medicine, Yan’an University, Yan’an, Shaanxi, China,*Correspondence: Changwu Yue, ; Yuhong Lü, ; Dongmei Dang,
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17
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Microbiome Alterations in Alcohol Use Disorder and Alcoholic Liver Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24032461. [PMID: 36768785 PMCID: PMC9916746 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24032461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2022] [Revised: 01/22/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2023] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Microbiome alterations are emerging as one of the most important factors that influence the course of alcohol use disorder (AUD). Recent advances in bioinformatics enable more robust and accurate characterization of changes in the composition of the microbiome. In this study, our objective was to provide the most comprehensive and up-to-date evaluation of microbiome alterations associated with AUD and alcoholic liver disease (ALD). To achieve it, we have applied consistent, state of art bioinformatic workflow to raw reads from multiple 16S rRNA sequencing datasets. The study population consisted of 122 patients with AUD, 75 with ALD, 54 with non-alcoholic liver diseases, and 260 healthy controls. We have found several microbiome alterations that were consistent across multiple datasets. The most consistent changes included a significantly lower abundance of multiple butyrate-producing families, including Ruminococcaceae, Lachnospiraceae, and Oscillospiraceae in AUD compared to HC and further reduction of these families in ALD compared with AUD. Other important results include an increase in endotoxin-producing Proteobacteria in AUD, with the ALD group having the largest increase. All of these alterations can potentially contribute to increased intestinal permeability and inflammation associated with AUD and ALD.
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Lactobacillus plantarum J26 Alleviating Alcohol-Induced Liver Inflammation by Maintaining the Intestinal Barrier and Regulating MAPK Signaling Pathways. Nutrients 2022; 15:nu15010190. [PMID: 36615846 PMCID: PMC9824527 DOI: 10.3390/nu15010190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2022] [Revised: 12/26/2022] [Accepted: 12/27/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Alcoholic liver disease (ALD), as a global health problem, is mainly caused by liver inflammation. Meanwhile, probiotics have been considered as a potential and promising strategy to prevent and alleviate ALD. This study aimed to investigate the ameliorative effect of pre-intaking with Lactobacillus plantarum J26 (L. plantarum J26) on alcohol-induced liver inflammation, with emphasis on the underlying mechanism for alleviating ALD. The results indicated that L. plantarum J26 could reduce the abundance of Gram-negative pathogenic bacteria by regulating the gut microbiota in mice with alcoholic liver injury, thereby reducing the lipopolysaccharide (LPS) content in the intestine. In addition, L. plantarum J26 could also maintain the intestinal barrier, prevent LPS from crossing the intestinal barrier to correct disorders of the gut-liver axis and then inhibit the activation of Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4)-mediated MAPK signaling pathway, reducing liver inflammation and restoring liver functions. In conclusion, pre-intake of L. plantarum J26 could alleviate alcohol-induced liver inflammation, which may be closely related to the role of intestinal microbiota in regulating and maintaining the intestinal barrier and then regulating the MAPK signaling pathway.
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Huang JH, Wang J, Chai XQ, Li ZC, Jiang YH, Li J, Liu X, Fan J, Cai JB, Liu F. The Intratumoral Bacterial Metataxonomic Signature of Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Microbiol Spectr 2022; 10:e0098322. [PMID: 36173308 PMCID: PMC9602924 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.00983-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2022] [Accepted: 09/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Microbiota is implicated in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The spectrum of intratumoral microbiota associated with HCC progression remains elusive. Fluorescence in situ hybridization revealed that microbial DNAs were distributed in the cytosol of liver hepatocytes and erythrocytes. Viable anaerobic or aerobic bacteria were recovered in HCC tissues by fresh tissue culture. We performed a comprehensive DNA sequencing of bacterial 16S rRNA genes in 156 samples from 28 normal liver, 64 peritumoral, and 64 HCC tissues, and the DNA sequencing yielded 4.2 million high-quality reads. Both alpha and beta diversity in peritumor and HCC microbiota were increased compared to normal controls. The most predominant phyla in HCC were Patescibacteria, Proteobacteria, Bacteroidota, Firmicutes, and Actinobacteriota. phyla of Proteobacteria, Firmicutes, and Actinobacteriota, and classes of Bacilli and Actinobacteria, were consistently enriched in peritumor and HCC tissues, while Gammaproteobacteria was especially abundant in HCC tissues compared to normal controls. Streptococcaceae and Lactococcus were the marker taxa of HCC cirrhosis. The Staphylococcus branch and Caulobacter branch were selectively enriched in HBV-negative HCCs. The abundance of Proteobacteria, Gammaproteobacteria, Firmicutes, Actinobacteriota, and Saccharimonadia were associated with the clinicopathological features of HCC patients. The inferred functions of different taxa were changed between the microbiota of normal liver and peritumor/HCC. Random forest machine learning achieved great discriminative performance in HCC prediction (area under the curve [AUC] = 1.00 in the training cohort, AUC = 0.950 for top five class signature, and AUC = 0.943 for the top 50 operational taxonomy units [OTUs] in the validation cohort). Our analysis highlights the complexity and diversity of the liver and HCC microbiota and established a specific intratumoral microbial signature for the potential prediction of HCC. IMPORTANCE Gut microbiome is an important regulator of hepatic inflammation, detoxification, and immunity, and contributes to the carcinogenesis of liver cancer. Intratumoral bacteria are supposed to be closer to the tumor cells, forming a microenvironment that may be relevant to the pathological process of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, the presence of viable intratumoral bacteria remains unclear. It is worth exploring whether the metataxonomic characteristics of intratumoral bacteria can be used as a potential marker for HCC prediction. Here, we present the first evidence of the existence of viable intratumoral bacteria in HCC using the tissue culture method. We revealed that microbial DNAs were distributed in the cytosol of liver hepatocytes and erythrocytes. We analyzed the diversity, structure, and abundance of normal liver and HCC microbiota. We built a machine learning model for HCC prediction using intratumoral bacterial features. We show that specific taxa represent potential targets for both therapeutic and diagnostic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian-Hang Huang
- Minhang Hospital, Fudan University, and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics, International Co-laboratory of Medical Epigenetics and Metabolism, Ministry of Science and Technology, Institutes of Biomedical of Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jie Wang
- Minhang Hospital, Fudan University, and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics, International Co-laboratory of Medical Epigenetics and Metabolism, Ministry of Science and Technology, Institutes of Biomedical of Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Department of Liver Surgery and Transplantation of Zhongshan Hospital, Liver Cancer Institute of Zhongshan Hospital, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of Ministry of Education, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiao-Qiang Chai
- Department of Liver Surgery and Transplantation of Zhongshan Hospital, Liver Cancer Institute of Zhongshan Hospital, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of Ministry of Education, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhong-Chen Li
- Department of Liver Surgery and Transplantation of Zhongshan Hospital, Liver Cancer Institute of Zhongshan Hospital, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of Ministry of Education, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ying-Hua Jiang
- Minhang Hospital, Fudan University, and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics, International Co-laboratory of Medical Epigenetics and Metabolism, Ministry of Science and Technology, Institutes of Biomedical of Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jun Li
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai TongRen Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Xing Liu
- Department of Central Laboratory Medicine, Shanghai Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jia Fan
- Department of Liver Surgery and Transplantation of Zhongshan Hospital, Liver Cancer Institute of Zhongshan Hospital, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of Ministry of Education, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jia-Bin Cai
- Department of Liver Surgery and Transplantation of Zhongshan Hospital, Liver Cancer Institute of Zhongshan Hospital, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of Ministry of Education, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Feng Liu
- Minhang Hospital, Fudan University, and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics, International Co-laboratory of Medical Epigenetics and Metabolism, Ministry of Science and Technology, Institutes of Biomedical of Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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Philips CA, Schnabl B, Bajaj JS. Gut Microbiome and Alcohol-associated Liver Disease. J Clin Exp Hepatol 2022; 12:1349-1359. [PMID: 36157139 PMCID: PMC9499847 DOI: 10.1016/j.jceh.2021.12.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2021] [Accepted: 12/28/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Changes in gut microbiota (GM) may be associated with the causation and progression of multiple liver diseases such as metabolic-associated liver disease, alcohol-associated liver disease (ALD), alcohol-associated hepatitis (AH), primary biliary cholangitis, primary sclerosing cholangitis, autoimmune liver disease, and most importantly, complications of cirrhosis and portal hypertension such as hepatic encephalopathy (HE), infection, and hepatocellular carcinoma. ALD includes simple steatosis, steatohepatitis, AH, cirrhosis, and acute-on-chronic liver failure. Alcohol consumption is associated with GM changes even before ALD development, and continued alcohol intake results in progressive dysbiosis and development of clinical events such as AH, infection, and HE. The composition and function of GM, specific changes in bacterial communities, and the functional metabolism of GM are affected in the spectrum of ALD, as revealed using high-throughput sequencing. It was reported in preliminary studies that modulation of disrupted GM improves adverse clinical events and ameliorates disease progression in ALD. In this review, we exhaustively discuss the preclinical and clinical studies on GM in ALD and critically discuss GM modulation and its effects based on various human and animal models of ALD.
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Key Words
- ACLF
- ACLF, acute on chronic liver failure
- AH, alcohol-associated hepatitis
- ALD
- ALD, alcohol-associated liver disease
- AUD, alcohol use disorder
- FMT
- FMT, fecal microbiota transplantation
- GM, gut microbiota
- HE, hepatic encephalopathy
- IL, interleukin
- MAFLD, metabolic-associated fatty liver disease
- SCFA, short chain fatty acids
- cirrhosis
- microbiome
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Affiliation(s)
- Cyriac A. Philips
- Department of Clinical and Translational Hepatology and The Monarch Liver Laboratory, The Liver Institute, Center for Excellence in Gastrointestinal Sciences, Rajagiri Hospital, Aluva, Kerala, India
| | - Bernd Schnabl
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Jasmohan S. Bajaj
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Department of Internal Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University and Central Virginia Veterans Healthcare System, Richmond, VA, USA
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Dong J, Ping L, Meng Y, Zhang K, Tang H, Liu D, Li B, Huo G. Bifidobacterium longum BL-10 with Antioxidant Capacity Ameliorates Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Acute Liver Injury in Mice by the Nuclear Factor-κB Pathway. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2022; 70:8680-8692. [PMID: 35797025 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.2c02950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Bifidobacterium longum is frequently utilized and has broad prospects for preventing liver injury. The current research assessed the antioxidant capacity of B. longum BL-10 and probed its mechanism for ameliorating lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced acute liver injury (ALI). B. longum BL-10-encoded 15 antioxidant genes showed strong reducing power activity and scavenging activity of DPPH, hydroxyl radicals, and superoxide anions. The intragastric administration of B. longum BL-10 resulting in a marked reduction in liver function indicators (alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, total bilirubin, and total bile acid) and proinflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IFN-γ, and IL-6) was indicative of ALI recovery. Following 16s RNA analysis, B. longum BL-10 significantly altered the richness of genera, as for the Escherichia-Shigella, Lachnospiraceae_NK4A136_group, and Clostridia_UCG-014, dramatically contributing to the formation of acetic acid and butyric acid. Meanwhile, their metabolites regulated the TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathways to alleviate hepatic injury symptoms. Overall, all the results demonstrated that B. longum BL-10 had excellent efficiency in preventing LPS-induced ALI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiahuan Dong
- Food College, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Lijun Ping
- Food College, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Yueyue Meng
- Dalian Minzu University, Ministry of Education, Dalian 116600, China
- College of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Bioresources Utilization, Dalian 116600, China
| | - Kangyong Zhang
- Food College, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Hongwei Tang
- Food College, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Deyu Liu
- Food College, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Bailiang Li
- Food College, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Guicheng Huo
- Food College, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
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22
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Wang L, Dong XL, Qin XM, Li ZY. Investigating the inter-individual variability of Astragali Radix against cisplatin-induced liver injury via 16S rRNA gene sequencing and LC/MS-based metabolomics. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 101:154107. [PMID: 35561503 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2022.154107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2021] [Revised: 03/31/2022] [Accepted: 04/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cisplatin (CDDP), one of the widely used chemotherapeutic drugs, can induce a series of side effects, such as hepatotoxicity and gastrointestinal toxicity. Astragali Radix (AR) is widely used as the tonic herbal medicine in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM). However, there was no report about the hepatoprotective effect of AR against the cisplatin-induced hepatic damage. PURPOSE This study aimed to investigate the protective effect and potential mechanism of AR water extract against the cisplatin-induced liver injury. METHODS Cisplatin was utilized to induce the liver injury using ICR mice, and the protective effect of AR was evaluated by serum biochemistry indices and liver histopathology. Then UHPLC Q-TOF-MS/MS-based untargeted serum metabolomics approach combined with 16S rRNA-based microbiota analysis was used to explore the underlying biomarkers and mechanism about the liver-protective effect of AR. RESULTS AR could decrease the serum AST and ALT, ameliorate hepatic pathological damages caused by cisplatin. Serum metabolomics indicated AR could regulate the biosynthesis of unsaturated fatty acids, arachidonic acid metabolism, purine metabolism, and fatty acid biosynthesis. In addition, 16S rRNA gene sequencing analysis showed that AR could regulate cisplatin-induced gut microbiota disorder, especially the inflammation-related bacteria (p_Deferribacteres, g_Enterococcus, and g_Alistipes, etc.), and the short chain fatty acids (SCFAs)-producing bacteria (g_Alloprevotella, g_Intestinimoas, and g_Flavonifractor). Moreover, 7 mice (AR-7) showed better liver protective effect than the other 3 mice (AR-3), and their regulatory effect on the gut microbiota and serum metabolites were also different, indicating the presence of inter-individual variability for the liver protective effect of AR. CONCLUSIONS This study revealed the protective effect and the potential mechanisms of AR against cisplatin-induced liver injury, and found that inter-individual variability of the liver protective effect of AR was related to the host microbiome and metabolome. These findings provided new insight into the health effect of dietary AR as a functional food for cisplatin-based chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Wang
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, the Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Shanxi University, No.92, Wucheng Road, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030006, China
| | - Xian-Long Dong
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, the Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Shanxi University, No.92, Wucheng Road, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030006, China
| | - Xue-Mei Qin
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, the Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Shanxi University, No.92, Wucheng Road, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030006, China
| | - Zhen-Yu Li
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, the Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Shanxi University, No.92, Wucheng Road, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030006, China.
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23
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Zafari N, Velayati M, Fahim M, Maftouh M, Pourali G, Khazaei M, Nassiri M, Hassanian SM, Ghayour-Mobarhan M, Ferns GA, Kiani MA, Avan A. Role of gut bacterial and non-bacterial microbiota in alcohol-associated liver disease: Molecular mechanisms, biomarkers, and therapeutic prospective. Life Sci 2022; 305:120760. [PMID: 35787997 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2022.120760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2022] [Revised: 06/20/2022] [Accepted: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Alcohol-associated liver disease (ALD) comprises a spectrum of liver diseases that include: steatosis to alcohol-associated hepatitis, cirrhosis, and ultimately hepatocellular carcinoma. The pathophysiology and potential underlying mechanisms for alcohol-associated liver disease are unclear. Moreover, the treatment of ALD remains a challenge. Intestinal microbiota include bacteria, fungi, and viruses, that are now known to be important in the development of ALD. Alcohol consumption can change the gut microbiota and function leading to liver disease. Given the importance of interactions between intestinal microbiota, alcohol, and liver injury, the gut microbiota has emerged as a potential biomarker and therapeutic target. This review focuses on the potential mechanisms by which the gut microbiota may be involved in the pathogenesis of ALD and explains how this can be translated into clinical management. We discuss the potential of utilizing the gut microbiota signature as a biomarker in ALD patients. Additionally, we present an overview of the prospect of modulating the intestinal microbiota for the management of ALD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nima Zafari
- Metabolic Syndrome Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mahla Velayati
- Metabolic Syndrome Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mostafa Fahim
- Metabolic Syndrome Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mina Maftouh
- Metabolic Syndrome Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Ghazaleh Pourali
- Metabolic Syndrome Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Majid Khazaei
- Metabolic Syndrome Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mohammadreza Nassiri
- Recombinant Proteins Research Group, The Research Institute of Biotechnology, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Seyed Mahdi Hassanian
- Metabolic Syndrome Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Basic Sciences Research Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Majid Ghayour-Mobarhan
- Metabolic Syndrome Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Gordon A Ferns
- Brighton & Sussex Medical School, Division of Medical Education, Falmer, Brighton, Sussex BN1 9PH, UK
| | - Mohammad Ali Kiani
- Department of Pediatrics, Akbar Hospital, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Amir Avan
- Metabolic Syndrome Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Basic Sciences Research Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Medical Genetics Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
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24
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Inczefi O, Bacsur P, Resál T, Keresztes C, Molnár T. The Influence of Nutrition on Intestinal Permeability and the Microbiome in Health and Disease. Front Nutr 2022; 9:718710. [PMID: 35548572 PMCID: PMC9082752 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.718710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2021] [Accepted: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The leakage of the intestinal barrier and the disruption of the gut microbiome are increasingly recognized as key factors in different pathophysiological conditions, such as irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), chronic liver diseases, obesity, diabetes mellitus, types of cancer, and neuropsychiatric disorders. In this study, the mechanisms leading to dysbiosis and "leaky gut" are reviewed, and a short summary of the current knowledge regarding different diseases is provided. The simplest way to restore intestinal permeability and the microbiota could be ideal nutrition. Further therapeutic options are also available, such as the administration of probiotics or postbiotics or fecal microbiota transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Orsolya Inczefi
- Department of Gastroenterology, Albert Szent-Györgyi Medical School, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Péter Bacsur
- Department of Gastroenterology, Albert Szent-Györgyi Medical School, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Tamás Resál
- Department of Gastroenterology, Albert Szent-Györgyi Medical School, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Csilla Keresztes
- Department for Medical Communication and Translation Studies, Albert Szent-Györgyi Medical School, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Tamás Molnár
- Department of Gastroenterology, Albert Szent-Györgyi Medical School, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary,*Correspondence: Tamás Molnár,
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25
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Effect of Moderate Consumption of Different Phenolic-Content Beers on the Human Gut Microbiota Composition: A Randomized Crossover Trial. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11040696. [PMID: 35453381 PMCID: PMC9027304 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11040696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2022] [Revised: 03/03/2022] [Accepted: 03/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The moderate consumption of beer has been associated with positive effects on health, and these benefits are driven, in part, by the antioxidant properties of phenolic compounds found in this beverage. However, the potential impact of beer polyphenols on the human gut microbiome and their consequences are yet to be elucidated. In this study, our aim was to evaluate the effect of three different phenolic-content beers on the gut microbiome and the potential role of the induced shifts in the antioxidant capacity of beer polyphenols. In total, 20 subjects (10 healthy volunteers and 10 individuals with metabolic syndrome) were randomly assigned in a crossover design to consume each of the different beers (alcohol-free, lager or dark beer) during a 2-week intervention. Significant changes in the relative abundance of Streptococcaceae and Streptococcus were found after beer consumption. An increased abundance of Streptococcaceae and Streptococcus was observed after the consumption of dark beer, with no detected differences between baseline and alcohol-free/lager beer intervention. Moreover, some of the detected differences appeared to be related to the metabolic status. Finally, a decrease in porphyrin metabolism and heme biosynthesis was found after the intervention, especially after the consumption of dark beer. These results show that the antioxidant capacity of beer polyphenols may induce positive shifts in gut microbiota composition, and some of the observed changes may also boost the antioxidant capacity of these compounds.
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26
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Zheng Y, Ran Y, Zhang H, Wang B, Zhou L. The Microbiome in Autoimmune Liver Diseases: Metagenomic and Metabolomic Changes. Front Physiol 2021; 12:715852. [PMID: 34690796 PMCID: PMC8531204 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.715852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2021] [Accepted: 08/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent studies have identified the critical role of microbiota in the pathophysiology of autoimmune liver diseases (AILDs), including autoimmune hepatitis (AIH), primary biliary cholangitis (PBC), and primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC). Metagenomic studies reveal significant decrease of gut bacterial diversity in AILDs. Although profiles of metagenomic vary widely, Veillonella is commonly enriched in AIH, PBC, and PSC. Apart from gut microbiome, the oral and bile microbiome seem to be associated with these diseases as well. The functional analysis of metagenomics suggests that metabolic pathways changed in the gut microbiome of the patients. Microbial metabolites, including short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) and microbial bile acid metabolites, have been shown to modulate innate immunity, adaptive immunity, and inflammation. Taken together, the evidence of host–microbiome interactions and in-depth mechanistic studies needs further accumulation, which will offer more possibilities to clarify the mechanisms of AILDs and provide potential molecular targets for the prevention and treatment in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanping Zheng
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Ying Ran
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Hongxia Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Bangmao Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Lu Zhou
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China.,Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Hotan People's Hospital, Xinjiang, China
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27
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Fuenzalida C, Dufeu MS, Poniachik J, Roblero JP, Valenzuela-Pérez L, Beltrán CJ. Probiotics-Based Treatment as an Integral Approach for Alcohol Use Disorder in Alcoholic Liver Disease. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:729950. [PMID: 34630107 PMCID: PMC8497569 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.729950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2021] [Accepted: 09/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Alcoholic liver disease (ALD) is one of the leading causes of morbidity among adults with alcohol use disorder (AUD) worldwide. Its clinical course ranges from steatosis to alcoholic hepatitis, progressing to more severe forms of liver damage, such as cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. The pathogenesis of ALD is complex and diverse elements are involved in its development, including environmental factors, genetic predisposition, the immune response, and the gut-liver axis interaction. Chronic alcohol consumption induces changes in gut microbiota that are associated with a loss of intestinal barrier function and inflammatory responses which reinforce a liver damage progression triggered by alcohol. Alcohol metabolites such as acetaldehyde, lipid peroxidation-derived aldehyde malondialdehyde (MDA), and protein-adducts act as liver-damaging hepatotoxins and potentiate systemic inflammation. Additionally, ethanol causes direct damage to the central nervous system (CNS) by crossing the blood-brain barrier (BBB), provoking oxidative stress contributing to neuroinflammation. Overall, these processes have been associated with susceptibility to depression, anxiety, and alcohol craving in ALD. Recent evidence has shown that probiotics can reverse alcohol-induced changes of the microbiota and prevent ALD progression by restoring gut microbial composition. However, the impact of probiotics on alcohol consumption behavior has been less explored. Probiotics have been used to treat various conditions by restoring microbiota and decreasing systemic and CNS inflammation. The results of some studies suggest that probiotics might improve mental function in Alzheimer’s, autism spectrum disorder, and attenuated morphine analgesic tolerance. In this sense, it has been observed that gut microbiota composition alterations, as well as its modulation using probiotics, elicit changes in neurotransmitter signals in the brain, especially in the dopamine reward circuit. Consequently, it is not difficult to imagine that a probiotics-based complementary treatment to ALD might reduce disease progression mediated by lower alcohol consumption. This review aims to present an update of the pathophysiologic mechanism underlying the microbiota-gut-liver-brain axis in ALD, as well as to provide evidence supporting probiotic use as a complementary therapy to address alcohol consumption disorder and its consequences on liver damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catalina Fuenzalida
- Laboratory of Inmunogastroenterology, Gastroenterology Unit, Medicine Department, Hospital Clínico Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile.,Medicine Faculty, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - María Soledad Dufeu
- Laboratory of Inmunogastroenterology, Gastroenterology Unit, Medicine Department, Hospital Clínico Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile.,Medicine Faculty, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Jaime Poniachik
- Gastroenterology Unit, Medicine Department, Hospital Clínico Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Juan Pablo Roblero
- Gastroenterology Unit, Medicine Department, Hospital Clínico Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Lucía Valenzuela-Pérez
- Laboratory of Inmunogastroenterology, Gastroenterology Unit, Medicine Department, Hospital Clínico Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile.,Medicine Faculty, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile.,School of Veterinary Medicine, Science Faculty, Universidad Mayor, Santiago, Chile
| | - Caroll Jenny Beltrán
- Laboratory of Inmunogastroenterology, Gastroenterology Unit, Medicine Department, Hospital Clínico Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile.,Medicine Faculty, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
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Sharma SP, Suk KT, Kim DJ. Significance of gut microbiota in alcoholic and non-alcoholic fatty liver diseases. World J Gastroenterol 2021; 27:6161-6179. [PMID: 34712025 PMCID: PMC8515797 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v27.i37.6161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2021] [Revised: 07/05/2021] [Accepted: 08/31/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Liver-gut communication is vital in fatty liver diseases, and gut microbes are the key regulators in maintaining liver homeostasis. Chronic alcohol abuse and persistent overnutrition create dysbiosis in gut ecology, which can contribute to fatty liver disease. In this review, we discuss the gut microbial compositional changes that occur in alcoholic and nonalcoholic fatty liver diseases and how this gut microbial dysbiosis and its metabolic products are involved in fatty liver disease pathophysiology. We also summarize the new approaches related to gut microbes that might help in the diagnosis and treatment of fatty liver disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satya Priya Sharma
- Institute for Liver and Digestive Diseases, Hallym University College of Medicine, Chuncheon 24252, South Korea
| | - Ki Tae Suk
- Institute for Liver and Digestive Diseases, Hallym University College of Medicine, Chuncheon 24252, South Korea
| | - Dong Joon Kim
- Institute for Liver and Digestive Diseases, Hallym University College of Medicine, Chuncheon 24252, South Korea
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