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Pinnarò V, Kirchberger S, Künig S, Gil Cantero S, Ciardulli MC, Della Porta G, Blüml S, Elbe-Bürger A, Bochkov V, Stöckl J. Oxidized Phospholipids Regulate Tenocyte Function via Induction of Amphiregulin in Dendritic Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:7600. [PMID: 39062855 PMCID: PMC11277520 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25147600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2024] [Revised: 07/05/2024] [Accepted: 07/09/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Inflammation is a driving force of tendinopathy. The oxidation of phospholipids by free radicals is a consequence of inflammatory reactions and is an important indicator of tissue damage. Here, we have studied the impact of oxidized phospholipids (OxPAPC) on the function of human tenocytes. We observed that treatment with OxPAPC did not alter the morphology, growth and capacity to produce collagen in healthy or diseased tenocytes. However, since OxPAPC is a known modulator of the function of immune cells, we analyzed whether OxPAPC-treated immune cells might influence the fate of tenocytes. Co-culture of tenocytes with immature, monocyte-derived dendritic cells treated with OxPAPC (Ox-DCs) was found to enhance the proliferation of tenocytes, particularly those from diseased tendons. Using transcriptional profiling of Ox-DCs, we identified amphiregulin (AREG), a ligand for EGFR, as a possible mediator of this proliferation enhancing effect, which we could confirm using recombinant AREG. Of note, diseased tenocytes were found to express higher levels of EGFR compared to tenocytes isolated from healthy donors and show a stronger proliferative response upon co-culture with Ox-DCs, as well as AREG treatment. In summary, we identify an AREG-EGFR axis as a mediator of a DC-tenocyte crosstalk, leading to increased tenocyte proliferation and possibly tendon regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veronica Pinnarò
- Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Institute of Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (V.P.); (S.K.); (S.G.C.)
| | | | - Sarojinidevi Künig
- Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Institute of Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (V.P.); (S.K.); (S.G.C.)
| | - Sara Gil Cantero
- Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Institute of Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (V.P.); (S.K.); (S.G.C.)
| | - Maria Camilla Ciardulli
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry, University of Salerno, Via S. Allende, 84081 Baronissi, Italy; (M.C.C.); (G.D.P.)
| | - Giovanna Della Porta
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry, University of Salerno, Via S. Allende, 84081 Baronissi, Italy; (M.C.C.); (G.D.P.)
| | - Stephan Blüml
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine III, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria;
| | | | - Valery Bochkov
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria;
| | - Johannes Stöckl
- Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Institute of Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (V.P.); (S.K.); (S.G.C.)
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2
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Colaço HG, Voss K. Oxidized phospholipids during microbial challenge: friend or foe? Genes Immun 2024; 25:177-178. [PMID: 38649480 PMCID: PMC11178487 DOI: 10.1038/s41435-024-00273-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2024] [Revised: 04/04/2024] [Accepted: 04/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Henrique G Colaço
- Institute of Hygiene and Applied Immunology, Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- CeMM Research Center for Molecular Medicine of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna, Austria
| | - Kelsey Voss
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA.
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3
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Eckhart L, Fischer H. Caspase-5: Structure, Pro-Inflammatory Activity and Evolution. Biomolecules 2024; 14:520. [PMID: 38785927 PMCID: PMC11117641 DOI: 10.3390/biom14050520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2024] [Revised: 04/23/2024] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Caspase-5 is a protease that induces inflammation in response to lipopolysaccharide (LPS), a component of the cell envelope of Gram-negative bacteria. The expression level of the CASP5 gene is very low in the basal state, but strongly increases in the presence of LPS. Intracellular LPS binds to the caspase activation and recruitment domain (CARD) of caspase-5, leading to the formation of a non-canonical inflammasome. Subsequently, the catalytic domain of caspase-5 cleaves gasdermin D and thereby facilitates the formation of cell membrane pores through which pro-inflammatory cytokines of the interleukin-1 family are released. Caspase-4 is also able to form a non-canonical inflammasome upon binding to LPS, but its expression is less dependent on LPS than the expression of caspase-5. Caspase-4 and caspase-5 have evolved via the duplication of a single ancestral gene in a subclade of primates, including humans. Notably, the main biomedical model species, the mouse, has only one ortholog, namely caspase-11. Here, we review the structural features and the mechanisms of regulation that are important for the pro-inflammatory roles of caspase-5. We summarize the interspecies differences and the evolution of pro-inflammatory caspases in mammals and discuss the potential roles of caspase-5 in the defense against Gram-negative bacteria and in sepsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leopold Eckhart
- Department of Dermatology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Heinz Fischer
- Division of Cell and Developmental Biology, Center for Anatomy and Cell Biology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria;
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4
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Wang Y, Cai X, Ma Y, Yang Y, Pan CW, Zhu X, Ke C. Metabolomics on depression: A comparison of clinical and animal research. J Affect Disord 2024; 349:559-568. [PMID: 38211744 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2024.01.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2023] [Revised: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 01/13/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Depression is a major cause of suicide and mortality worldwide. This study aims to conduct a systematic review to identify metabolic biomarkers and pathways for major depressive disorder (MDD), a prevalent subtype of clinical depression. METHODS We searched for metabolomics studies on depression published between January 2000 and January 2023 in the PubMed and Web of Science databases. The reported metabolic biomarkers were systematically evaluated and compared. Pathway analysis was implemented using MetaboAnalyst 5.0. RESULTS We included 26 clinical studies on MDD and 78 metabolomics studies on depressive-like animal models. A total of 55 and 77 high-frequency metabolites were reported consistently in two-thirds of clinical and murine studies, respectively. In the comparison between murine and clinical studies, we identified 9 consistently changed metabolites (tryptophan, tyrosine, phenylalanine, methionine, fumarate, valine, deoxycholic acid, pyruvate, kynurenic acid) in the blood, 1 consistently altered metabolite (indoxyl sulfate) in the urine and 14 disturbed metabolic pathways in both types of studies. These metabolic dysregulations and pathways are mainly implicated in enhanced inflammation, impaired neuroprotection, reduced energy metabolism, increased oxidative stress damage and disturbed apoptosis, laying solid molecular foundations for MDD. LIMITATIONS Due to unavailability of original data like effect-size results in many metabolomics studies, a meta-analysis cannot be conducted, and confounding factors cannot be fully ruled out. CONCLUSIONS This systematic review delineated metabolic biomarkers and pathways related to depression in the murine and clinical samples, providing opportunities for early diagnosis of MDD and the development of novel diagnostic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yibo Wang
- Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Xinyi Cai
- Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Yuchen Ma
- Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Yang Yang
- Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Chen-Wei Pan
- School of Public Health, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Xiaohong Zhu
- Suzhou Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Suzhou, China.
| | - Chaofu Ke
- School of Public Health, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China.
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5
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Hodzic A, Gesslbauer B, Bochkov V, Oskolkova OV. Cooperative induction of CXCL chemokines by inflammatory cytokines and oxidized phospholipids. Immunology 2024. [PMID: 38468451 DOI: 10.1111/imm.13773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Inflammation is initiated and driven by a mixture of mediators, which modify effects of each other. This study analysed in vitro pro-inflammatory activity of inflammatory cytokines (TNFα and IL-1β) in a combination with a lipid DAMP molecule, oxidized palmitoyl-arachidonoyl-phosphatidylcholine (OxPAPC). The study was performed on endothelial and monocytic cell lines. The cells were treated with different concentrations of TNFα or IL-1β, OxPAPC and their combinations, either in the presence or absence of drugs regulating inflammation. Pro-inflammatory effects of TNFα/IL-1β and OxPAPC were estimated by analysis of chemokines CXCL8, CXCL2 and CXCL3 by ELISA and RT-PCR. Toxicity was determined by analysis of metabolic activity. Statistical significance was estimated by ANOVA and Dunnett's test. OxPAPC was a much weaker chemokine inducer as compared to TNFα or IL-1β. However, OxPAPC and TNFα/IL-1β together induced effects that were significantly stronger than the arithmetical sum of individual effects. This cooperative action of OxPAPC and TNFα was reversed by inhibitors of p38 MAPK. We hypothesise that the boosting of TNFα and IL-1β effects by OxPAPC may be more pathologically important than the action of the lipid alone. Inhibitors of p38 MAPK may become a tool for analysis of pathological role of oxidized phospholipids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alma Hodzic
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Bernd Gesslbauer
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Valery Bochkov
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Graz, Graz, Austria
- Field of Excellence BioHealth, University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Olga V Oskolkova
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Graz, Graz, Austria
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van den Bosch AMR, van der Poel M, Fransen NL, Vincenten MCJ, Bobeldijk AM, Jongejan A, Engelenburg HJ, Moerland PD, Smolders J, Huitinga I, Hamann J. Profiling of microglia nodules in multiple sclerosis reveals propensity for lesion formation. Nat Commun 2024; 15:1667. [PMID: 38396116 PMCID: PMC10891081 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-46068-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Microglia nodules (HLA-DR+ cell clusters) are associated with brain pathology. In this post-mortem study, we investigated whether they represent the first stage of multiple sclerosis (MS) lesion formation. We show that microglia nodules are associated with more severe MS pathology. Compared to microglia nodules in stroke, those in MS show enhanced expression of genes previously found upregulated in MS lesions. Furthermore, genes associated with lipid metabolism, presence of T and B cells, production of immunoglobulins and cytokines, activation of the complement cascade, and metabolic stress are upregulated in microglia nodules in MS. Compared to stroke, they more frequently phagocytose oxidized phospholipids and possess a more tubular mitochondrial network. Strikingly, in MS, some microglia nodules encapsulate partially demyelinated axons. Taken together, we propose that activation of microglia nodules in MS by cytokines and immunoglobulins, together with phagocytosis of oxidized phospholipids, may lead to a microglia phenotype prone to MS lesion formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aletta M R van den Bosch
- Neuroimmunology Research Group, Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Marlijn van der Poel
- Neuroimmunology Research Group, Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Nina L Fransen
- Neuroimmunology Research Group, Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Maria C J Vincenten
- Neuroimmunology Research Group, Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Anneleen M Bobeldijk
- Neuroimmunology Research Group, Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Aldo Jongejan
- Department of Epidemiology and Data Science, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Hendrik J Engelenburg
- Neuroimmunology Research Group, Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Perry D Moerland
- Department of Epidemiology and Data Science, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Joost Smolders
- Neuroimmunology Research Group, Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- MS Center ErasMS, Department of Neurology and Immunology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Inge Huitinga
- Neuroimmunology Research Group, Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
- Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Jörg Hamann
- Neuroimmunology Research Group, Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
- Department of Experimental Immunology, Amsterdam Institute for Infection and Immunity, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
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7
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Zhang C, Deng J, Li K, Lai G, Liu H, Zhang Y, Xie B, Zhong X. Mononuclear phagocyte system-related multi-omics features yield head and neck squamous cell carcinoma subtypes with distinct overall survival, drug, and immunotherapy responses. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2024; 150:37. [PMID: 38279056 PMCID: PMC10817853 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-023-05512-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 11/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/28/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recent research reported that mononuclear phagocyte system (MPS) can contribute to immune defense but the classification of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) patients based on MPS-related multi-omics features using machine learning lacked. METHODS In this study, we obtain marker genes for MPS through differential analysis at the single-cell level and utilize "similarity network fusion" and "MoCluster" algorithms to cluster patients' multi-omics features. Subsequently, based on the corresponding clinical information, we investigate the prognosis, drugs, immunotherapy, and biological differences between the subtypes. A total of 848 patients have been included in this study, and the results obtained from the training set can be verified by two independent validation sets using "the nearest template prediction". RESULTS We identified two subtypes of HNSCC based on MPS-related multi-omics features, with CS2 exhibiting better predictive prognosis and drug response. CS2 represented better xenobiotic metabolism and higher levels of T and B cell infiltration, while the biological functions of CS1 were mainly enriched in coagulation function, extracellular matrix, and the JAK-STAT signaling pathway. Furthermore, we established a novel and stable classifier called "getMPsub" to classify HNSCC patients, demonstrating good consistency in the same training set. External validation sets classified by "getMPsub" also illustrated similar differences between the two subtypes. CONCLUSIONS Our study identified two HNSCC subtypes by machine learning and explored their biological difference. Notably, we constructed a robust classifier that presented an excellent classifying prediction, providing new insight into the precision medicine of HNSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cong Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Chongqing Medical University, Yixue Road, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Jielian Deng
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Chongqing Medical University, Yixue Road, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Kangjie Li
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Chongqing Medical University, Yixue Road, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Guichuan Lai
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Chongqing Medical University, Yixue Road, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Hui Liu
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Chongqing Medical University, Yixue Road, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Yuan Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Chongqing Medical University, Yixue Road, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Biao Xie
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Chongqing Medical University, Yixue Road, Chongqing, 400016, China.
| | - Xiaoni Zhong
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Chongqing Medical University, Yixue Road, Chongqing, 400016, China.
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8
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Böhm EW, Buonfiglio F, Voigt AM, Bachmann P, Safi T, Pfeiffer N, Gericke A. Oxidative stress in the eye and its role in the pathophysiology of ocular diseases. Redox Biol 2023; 68:102967. [PMID: 38006824 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2023.102967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Revised: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 11/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress occurs through an imbalance between the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the antioxidant defense mechanisms of cells. The eye is particularly exposed to oxidative stress because of its permanent exposure to light and due to several structures having high metabolic activities. The anterior part of the eye is highly exposed to ultraviolet (UV) radiation and possesses a complex antioxidant defense system to protect the retina from UV radiation. The posterior part of the eye exhibits high metabolic rates and oxygen consumption leading subsequently to a high production rate of ROS. Furthermore, inflammation, aging, genetic factors, and environmental pollution, are all elements promoting ROS generation and impairing antioxidant defense mechanisms and thereby representing risk factors leading to oxidative stress. An abnormal redox status was shown to be involved in the pathophysiology of various ocular diseases in the anterior and posterior segment of the eye. In this review, we aim to summarize the mechanisms of oxidative stress in ocular diseases to provide an updated understanding on the pathogenesis of common diseases affecting the ocular surface, the lens, the retina, and the optic nerve. Moreover, we discuss potential therapeutic approaches aimed at reducing oxidative stress in this context.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elsa Wilma Böhm
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Langenbeckstrasse 1, 55131, Mainz, Germany.
| | - Francesco Buonfiglio
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Langenbeckstrasse 1, 55131, Mainz, Germany
| | - Anna Maria Voigt
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Langenbeckstrasse 1, 55131, Mainz, Germany
| | - Philipp Bachmann
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Langenbeckstrasse 1, 55131, Mainz, Germany
| | - Tarek Safi
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Langenbeckstrasse 1, 55131, Mainz, Germany
| | - Norbert Pfeiffer
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Langenbeckstrasse 1, 55131, Mainz, Germany
| | - Adrian Gericke
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Langenbeckstrasse 1, 55131, Mainz, Germany.
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9
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Gioia MD, Poli V, Tan PJ, Spreafico R, Chu A, Cuenca AG, Gordts PL, Pandolfi L, Meloni F, Witztum JL, Chou J, Springstead JR, Zanoni I. Host-derived oxidized phospholipids initiate effector-triggered immunity fostering lethality upon microbial encounter. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.11.21.568047. [PMID: 38045410 PMCID: PMC10690175 DOI: 10.1101/2023.11.21.568047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/05/2023]
Abstract
Macrophages detect invading microorganisms via pattern recognition receptors that recognize pathogen-associated molecular patterns, or via sensing the activity of virulence factors that initiates effector-triggered immunity (ETI). Tissue damage that follows pathogen encounter leads to the release of host-derived factors that participate to inflammation. How these self-derived molecules are sensed by macrophages and their impact on immunity remain poorly understood. Here we demonstrate that, in mice and humans, host-derived oxidized phospholipids (oxPLs) are formed upon microbial encounter. oxPL blockade restricts inflammation and prevents the death of the host, without affecting pathogen burden. Mechanistically, oxPLs bind and inhibit AKT, a master regulator of immunity and metabolism. AKT inhibition potentiates the methionine cycle, and epigenetically dampens Il10, a pluripotent anti-inflammatory cytokine. Overall, we found that host-derived inflammatory cues act as "self" virulence factors that initiate ETI and that their activity can be targeted to protect the host against excessive inflammation upon microbial encounter.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Di Gioia
- Harvard Medical School and Boston Children's Hospital, Division of Immunology and Division of Gastroenterology, MA 02115, USA
| | - Valentina Poli
- Harvard Medical School and Boston Children's Hospital, Division of Immunology and Division of Gastroenterology, MA 02115, USA
| | - Piao J Tan
- Department of Chemical and Paper Engineering, Western Michigan University, Kalamazoo, MI, USA
| | - Roberto Spreafico
- Institute for Quantitative and Computational Biosciences, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Anne Chu
- Harvard Medical School and Boston Children's Hospital, Division of Immunology and Division of Gastroenterology, MA 02115, USA
| | - Alex G Cuenca
- Department of Surgery, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Center for Transplantation Sciences, Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, MA 02114, USA
| | - Philip Lsm Gordts
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA; Glycobiology Research and Training Center, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Laura Pandolfi
- Respiratory Disease Unit IRCCS San Matteo Hospital Foundation, and Department of Internal Medicine and Pharmacology, University of Pavia, Pavia, 27100, Italy Pavia, 27100, Italy
| | - Federica Meloni
- Respiratory Disease Unit IRCCS San Matteo Hospital Foundation, and Department of Internal Medicine and Pharmacology, University of Pavia, Pavia, 27100, Italy Pavia, 27100, Italy
| | - Joseph L Witztum
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Janet Chou
- Harvard Medical School and Boston Children's Hospital, Division of Immunology and Division of Gastroenterology, MA 02115, USA
| | - James R Springstead
- Department of Chemical and Paper Engineering, Western Michigan University, Kalamazoo, MI, USA
| | - Ivan Zanoni
- Harvard Medical School and Boston Children's Hospital, Division of Immunology and Division of Gastroenterology, MA 02115, USA
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10
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Cao LL, Kagan JC. Targeting innate immune pathways for cancer immunotherapy. Immunity 2023; 56:2206-2217. [PMID: 37703879 PMCID: PMC10591974 DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2023.07.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2023] [Revised: 06/28/2023] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 09/15/2023]
Abstract
The innate immune system is critical for inducing durable and protective T cell responses to infection and has been increasingly recognized as a target for cancer immunotherapy. In this review, we present a framework wherein distinct innate immune signaling pathways activate five key dendritic cell activities that are important for T cell-mediated immunity. We discuss molecular pathways that can agonize these activities and highlight that no single pathway can agonize all activities needed for durable immunity. The immunological distinctions between innate immunotherapy administration to the tumor microenvironment versus administration via vaccination are examined, with particular focus on the strategies that enhance dendritic cell migration, interferon expression, and interleukin-1 family cytokine production. In this context, we argue for the importance of appreciating necessity vs. sufficiency when considering the impact of innate immune signaling in inflammation and protective immunity and offer a conceptual guideline for the development of efficacious cancer immunotherapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Longyue L Cao
- Harvard Medical School and Division of Gastroenterology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jonathan C Kagan
- Harvard Medical School and Division of Gastroenterology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.
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11
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Vallese A, Cordone V, Pecorelli A, Valacchi G. Ox-inflammasome involvement in neuroinflammation. Free Radic Biol Med 2023; 207:161-177. [PMID: 37442280 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2023.07.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2023] [Revised: 06/26/2023] [Accepted: 07/07/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023]
Abstract
Neuroinflammation plays a crucial role in the onset and the progression of several neuropathologies, from neurodegenerative disorders to migraine, from Rett syndrome to post-COVID 19 neurological manifestations. Inflammasomes are cytosolic multiprotein complexes of the innate immune system that fuel inflammation. They have been under study for the last twenty years and more recently their involvement in neuro-related conditions has been of great interest as possible therapeutic target. The role of oxidative stress in inflammasome activation has been described, however the exact way of action of specific endogenous and exogenous oxidants needs to be better clarified. In this review, we provide the current knowledge on the involvement of inflammasome in the main neuropathologies, emphasizing the importance to further clarify the role of oxidative stress in its activation including the role of mitochondria in inflammasome-induced neuroinflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Vallese
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Prevention, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Valeria Cordone
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Prevention, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Alessandra Pecorelli
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Prevention, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Valacchi
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Prevention, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy; Department of Animal Science, North Carolina State University, 28081, Kannapolis, USA; Department of Food and Nutrition, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea.
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12
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An S, Yan X, Chen H, Zhou X. Investigation of the Mechanism of Action of Periploca forrestii Schltr. Extract on Adjuvant Collagen Rats Based on UPLC-Q-Orbitrap-HRMS Non-Targeted Lipidomics. Molecules 2023; 28:6751. [PMID: 37836594 PMCID: PMC10574421 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28196751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Revised: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Periploca forrestii Schltr. (P. forrestii) is a classical medicinal plant and is commonly used in traditional medicine for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis, soft tissue injuries, and traumatic injuries. The aim of this study was to evaluate the anti-arthritic effects of three fractions of P. forrestii alcoholic extracts (PAE), P. forrestii water extracts (PWE), and total flavonoids from P. forrestii (PTF) on Freund's complete adjuvant (FCA)-induced arthritis in rats, and to use a non-targeted lipidomic method to investigate the mechanism of action of the three fractions of P. forrestii in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. To assess the effectiveness of anti-rheumatoid arthritis, various indicators were measured, including joint swelling, histopathological changes in the joints, serum cytokines (tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), interleukin-6 (IL-6)), and the joint inflammatory substance prostaglandin E2 (PGE2). Finally, ultra-performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole-orbitrap-high-resolution mass spectrometry (UPLC-Q-Orbitrap-HRMS) was used to determine the non-targeted lipid histology of the collected rat serum and urine samples to investigate the possible mechanism of action. PWE, PAE, and PTF were all effective in treating FCA-induced rheumatoid arthritis. The administered groups all reduced joint swelling and lowered serum inflammatory factor levels in rats. In the screening of lipid metabolite differences between serum and urine of the rat model group and the normal group, a total of 52 different metabolites were screened, and the levels of lipid metabolites in PWE, PAE, and PTF were significantly higher than those in the normal group after administration. In addition, PWE, PAE, and PTF may have significant therapeutic effects on FCA-induced arthritis by modulating nicotinic acid, nicotinamide, and histidine metabolic pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silan An
- Key Laboratory for Information System of Mountainous Areas and Protection of Ecological Environment, Guizhou Normal University, 116 Baoshan North Rd., Guiyang 550001, China; (S.A.); (X.Y.)
- Guizhou Engineering Laboratory for Quality Control & Evaluation Technology of Medicine, Guizhou Normal University, 116 Baoshan North Rd., Guiyang 550001, China
- The Research Center for Quality Control of Natural Medicine, Guizhou Normal University, 116 Baoshan North Rd., Guiyang 550001, China
| | - Xiaoting Yan
- Key Laboratory for Information System of Mountainous Areas and Protection of Ecological Environment, Guizhou Normal University, 116 Baoshan North Rd., Guiyang 550001, China; (S.A.); (X.Y.)
- Guizhou Engineering Laboratory for Quality Control & Evaluation Technology of Medicine, Guizhou Normal University, 116 Baoshan North Rd., Guiyang 550001, China
- The Research Center for Quality Control of Natural Medicine, Guizhou Normal University, 116 Baoshan North Rd., Guiyang 550001, China
| | - Huaguo Chen
- Key Laboratory for Information System of Mountainous Areas and Protection of Ecological Environment, Guizhou Normal University, 116 Baoshan North Rd., Guiyang 550001, China; (S.A.); (X.Y.)
- Guizhou Engineering Laboratory for Quality Control & Evaluation Technology of Medicine, Guizhou Normal University, 116 Baoshan North Rd., Guiyang 550001, China
- The Research Center for Quality Control of Natural Medicine, Guizhou Normal University, 116 Baoshan North Rd., Guiyang 550001, China
| | - Xin Zhou
- Key Laboratory for Information System of Mountainous Areas and Protection of Ecological Environment, Guizhou Normal University, 116 Baoshan North Rd., Guiyang 550001, China; (S.A.); (X.Y.)
- Guizhou Engineering Laboratory for Quality Control & Evaluation Technology of Medicine, Guizhou Normal University, 116 Baoshan North Rd., Guiyang 550001, China
- The Research Center for Quality Control of Natural Medicine, Guizhou Normal University, 116 Baoshan North Rd., Guiyang 550001, China
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Phillips ME, Adekanye O, Borazjani A, Crow JA, Ross MK. CES1 Releases Oxylipins from Oxidized Triacylglycerol (oxTAG) and Regulates Macrophage oxTAG/TAG Accumulation and PGE 2/IL-1β Production. ACS Chem Biol 2023; 18:1564-1581. [PMID: 37348046 PMCID: PMC11131412 DOI: 10.1021/acschembio.3c00194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/24/2023]
Abstract
Triacylglycerols (TAGs) are storage forms of fat, primarily found in cytoplasmic lipid droplets in cells. TAGs are broken down to their component free fatty acids by lipolytic enzymes when fuel reserves are required. However, polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA)-containing TAGs are susceptible to nonenzymatic oxidation reactions, leading to the formation of oxylipins that are esterified to the glycerol backbone (termed oxTAGs). Human carboxylesterase 1 (CES1) is a member of the serine hydrolase superfamily and defined by its ability to catalyze the hydrolysis of carboxyl ester bonds in both toxicants and lipids. CES1 is a bona fide TAG hydrolase, but it is unclear which specific fatty acids are preferentially released during lipolysis. To better understand the biochemical function of CES1 in immune cells, such as macrophages, its substrate selectivity when it encounters oxidized PUFAs in TAG lipid droplets requires study. We sought to identify those esterified oxidized fatty acids liberated from oxTAGs by CES1 because their release can activate signaling pathways that enforce the development of lipid-driven inflammation. Gaining this knowledge will help fill data gaps that exist between CES1 and the lipid-sensing nuclear receptors, PPARγ and LXRα, which are important drivers of lipid metabolism and inflammation in macrophages. Oxidized forms of triarachidonoylglycerol (oxTAG20:4) or trilinoleoylglycerol (oxTAG18:2), which contain physiologically relevant levels of oxidized PUFAs (<5 mol %), were incubated with recombinant CES1 to release oxylipins and nonoxidized arachidonic acid (AA) or linoleic acid (LA). CES1 hydrolyzed each oxTAG, yielding regioisomers of hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acids (5-, 11-, 12-, and 15-HETE) and hydroxyoctadecadienoic acids (9- and 13-HODE). Furthermore, human THP-1 macrophages with deficient CES1 levels exhibited a differential response to extracellular stimuli (oxTAGs, lipopolysaccharide, and 15-HETE) as compared to those with normal CES1 levels, including enhanced oxTAG/TAG lipid accumulation and altered cytokine and prostaglandin E2 profiles. This study suggests that CES1 can metabolize oxTAG lipids to release oxylipins and PUFAs, and it further specifies the substrate selectivity of CES1 in the metabolism of bioactive lipid mediators. We suggest that the accumulation of oxTAGs/TAGs within lipid droplets that arise due to CES1 deficiency enforces an inflammatory phenotype in macrophages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maggie E Phillips
- Department of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, Center for Environmental Health Sciences, Mississippi State University, College of Veterinary Medicine, Mississippi State, Mississippi 39762, United States
| | - Oluwabori Adekanye
- Department of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, Center for Environmental Health Sciences, Mississippi State University, College of Veterinary Medicine, Mississippi State, Mississippi 39762, United States
| | - Abdolsamad Borazjani
- Department of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, Center for Environmental Health Sciences, Mississippi State University, College of Veterinary Medicine, Mississippi State, Mississippi 39762, United States
| | - J Allen Crow
- Department of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, Center for Environmental Health Sciences, Mississippi State University, College of Veterinary Medicine, Mississippi State, Mississippi 39762, United States
| | - Matthew K Ross
- Department of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, Center for Environmental Health Sciences, Mississippi State University, College of Veterinary Medicine, Mississippi State, Mississippi 39762, United States
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14
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Cavazos AT, Pennington ER, Dadoo S, Gowdy KM, Wassall SR, Shaikh SR. OxPAPC stabilizes liquid-ordered domains in biomimetic membranes. Biophys J 2023; 122:1130-1139. [PMID: 36840353 PMCID: PMC10111260 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2023.02.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Revised: 11/16/2022] [Accepted: 02/17/2023] [Indexed: 02/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) are prone to nonenzymatic oxidation in response to differing environmental stressors and endogenous cellular sources. There is increasing evidence that phospholipids containing oxidized PUFA acyl chains control the inflammatory response. However, the underlying mechanism(s) of action by which oxidized PUFAs exert their functional effects remain unclear. Herein, we tested the hypothesis that replacement of 1-palmitoyl-2-arachidonyl-phosphatidylcholine (PAPC) with oxidized 1-palmitoyl-2-arachidonyl-phosphatidylcholine (oxPAPC) regulates membrane architecture. Specifically, with solid-state 2H NMR of biomimetic membranes, we investigated how substituting oxPAPC for PAPC modulates the molecular organization of liquid-ordered (Lo) domains. 2H NMR spectra for bilayer mixtures of 1,2-dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine-d62 (an analog of DPPC deuterated throughout sn-1 and -2 chains) and cholesterol to which PAPC or oxPAPC was added revealed that replacing PAPC with oxPAPC disrupted molecular organization, indicating that oxPAPC does not mix favorably in a tightly packed Lo phase. Furthermore, unlike PAPC, adding oxPAPC stabilized 1,2-dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine-d6-rich/cholesterol-rich Lo domains formed in mixtures with 1,2-dioleoylphosphatidylcholine while decreasing the molecular order within 1,2-dioleoylphosphatidylcholine-rich liquid-disordered regions of the membrane. Collectively, these results suggest a mechanism in which oxPAPC stabilizes Lo domains-by disordering the surrounding liquid-disordered region. Changes in the structure, and thereby functionality, of Lo domains may underly regulation of plasma membrane-based inflammatory signaling by oxPAPC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andres T Cavazos
- Department of Physics, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis Indiana
| | - Edward Ross Pennington
- Department of Nutrition, Gillings School of Global Public Health and School of Medicine, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill North Carolina
| | - Sahil Dadoo
- Department of Nutrition, Gillings School of Global Public Health and School of Medicine, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill North Carolina
| | - Kymberly M Gowdy
- Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Stephen R Wassall
- Department of Physics, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis Indiana.
| | - Saame Raza Shaikh
- Department of Nutrition, Gillings School of Global Public Health and School of Medicine, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill North Carolina.
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15
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Hellauer K, Oskolkova OV, Gesslbauer B, Bochkov V. Pharmacological heat-shock protein inducers and chemical chaperones inhibit upregulation of interleukin-8 by oxidized phospholipids. Inflammopharmacology 2023; 31:1319-1327. [PMID: 36692663 DOI: 10.1007/s10787-022-01124-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 12/17/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Oxidised phospholipids such as oxidised palmitoyl-arachidonoyl-phosphatidylcholine (OxPAPC) are increasingly recognised as danger-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) inducing cyto- and chemokines. The pathological impact of oxidised phosphatidylcholine in vivo has been demonstrated in several animal models, as well as in human association studies. In this work, we have tested a number of small molecules with known or potential anti-inflammatory properties for their ability to inhibit secretion of interleukin-8 by OxPAPC-treated endothelial cells. Six compounds capable of inhibiting the induction of IL-8 were selected. Analysis of gene expression has shown that all these substances reduced the OxPAPC-induced elevation of IL-8 mRNA but potentiated induction of heat-shock proteins (HSPs). We further found that drug-like HSP inducers also prevented the induction of IL-8 by OxPAPC. Similar inhibitory action was demonstrated by two chemical chaperones, which stabilise proteins through physicochemical mechanisms thus mimicking effects of HSPs. Our data suggest that proteostatic stress plays an important mechanistic role in the pro-inflammatory effects of OxPAPC and that stabilisation of proteome by overexpression of HSPs or by chemical chaperones can reduce the pro-inflammatory effects of OxPLs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Klara Hellauer
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Graz, Humboldtstrasse 46/III, 8010, Graz, Austria
| | - Olga V Oskolkova
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Graz, Humboldtstrasse 46/III, 8010, Graz, Austria
| | - Bernd Gesslbauer
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Graz, Humboldtstrasse 46/III, 8010, Graz, Austria
| | - Valery Bochkov
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Graz, Humboldtstrasse 46/III, 8010, Graz, Austria. .,Field of Excellence BioHealth, University of Graz, Graz, Austria.
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16
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Florance I, Ramasubbu S. Current Understanding on the Role of Lipids in Macrophages and Associated Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 24:ijms24010589. [PMID: 36614031 PMCID: PMC9820199 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24010589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2022] [Revised: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 12/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Lipid metabolism is the major intracellular mechanism driving a variety of cellular functions such as energy storage, hormone regulation and cell division. Lipids, being a primary component of the cell membrane, play a pivotal role in the survival of macrophages. Lipids are crucial for a variety of macrophage functions including phagocytosis, energy balance and ageing. However, functions of lipids in macrophages vary based on the site the macrophages are residing at. Lipid-loaded macrophages have recently been emerging as a hallmark for several diseases. This review discusses the significance of lipids in adipose tissue macrophages, tumor-associated macrophages, microglia and peritoneal macrophages. Accumulation of macrophages with impaired lipid metabolism is often characteristically observed in several metabolic disorders. Stress signals differentially regulate lipid metabolism. While conditions such as hypoxia result in accumulation of lipids in macrophages, stress signals such as nutrient deprivation initiate lipolysis and clearance of lipids. Understanding the biology of lipid accumulation in macrophages requires the development of potentially active modulators of lipid metabolism.
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17
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Bagayoko S, Meunier E. Emerging roles of ferroptosis in infectious diseases. FEBS J 2022; 289:7869-7890. [PMID: 34670020 DOI: 10.1111/febs.16244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Revised: 09/06/2021] [Accepted: 10/20/2021] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
In living organisms, lipid peroxidation is a continuously occurring cellular process and therefore involved in various physiological and pathological contexts. Among the broad variety of lipids, polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) constitute a major target of oxygenation either when released as mediators by phospholipases or when present in membranous phospholipids. The last decade has seen the characterization of an iron- and lipid peroxidation-dependent cell necrosis, namely, ferroptosis, that involves the accumulation of peroxidized PUFA-containing phospholipids. Further studies could link ferroptosis in a very large body of (physio)-pathological processes, including cancer, neurodegenerative, and metabolic diseases. In this review, we mostly focus on the emerging involvement of lipid peroxidation-driven ferroptosis in infectious diseases, and the immune consequences. We also discuss the putative ability of microbial virulence factors to exploit or to dampen ferroptosis regulatory pathways to their own benefit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salimata Bagayoko
- Institute of Pharmacology and Structural Biology (IPBS), University of Toulouse, CNRS, France
| | - Etienne Meunier
- Institute of Pharmacology and Structural Biology (IPBS), University of Toulouse, CNRS, France
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18
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Olechno E, Puścion-Jakubik A, Zujko ME. Chokeberry (A. melanocarpa (Michx.) Elliott)—A Natural Product for Metabolic Disorders? Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14132688. [PMID: 35807867 PMCID: PMC9268775 DOI: 10.3390/nu14132688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2022] [Revised: 06/25/2022] [Accepted: 06/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Abnormal metabolism of substances in the body can result in metabolic disorders which include obesity, cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, hypertension, chronic kidney disease, liver disease, or cancer. Foods rich in antioxidants can help to prevent and treat various types of disorders. Chokeberry fruits are rich in polyphenols, especially cyanidins, and therefore, can show a beneficial health effect. The aim of this study was to summarize and systematize reports about the effects of chokeberry on various metabolic parameters. Studies from 2000 to 2021, published in the PubMed and Google Scholar databases, were reviewed. The review of studies shows that chokeberry may have a positive effect in dyslipidemia and hypertension and may increase the body’s antioxidant defense mechanisms. The anti-inflammatory effect, in turn, may translate into a reduction in the risk of metabolic disorders over a longer period of use. Changes in glucose levels were reported by studies in which the intervention lasted more than 10 weeks in patients with carbohydrate metabolism disorders. The effects of protecting the liver, inhibiting platelet aggregation, lowering uric acid levels, and having a protective effect on the kidneys require additional confirmation in human clinical trials. Consumption of chokeberry fruit did not impact on anthropometric measurements; however, it seems that chokeberry fruit can be recommended in many metabolic disorders due to the richness of bioactive ingredients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ewa Olechno
- Department of Food Biotechnology, Faculty of Health Science, Medical University of Białystok, Szpitalna 37 Street, 15-295 Białystok, Poland; (E.O.); (M.E.Z.)
| | - Anna Puścion-Jakubik
- Department of Bromatology, Faculty of Pharmacy with the Division of Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of Białystok, Mickiewicza 2D Street, 15-222 Białystok, Poland
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +48-85-748-54-69
| | - Małgorzata Elżbieta Zujko
- Department of Food Biotechnology, Faculty of Health Science, Medical University of Białystok, Szpitalna 37 Street, 15-295 Białystok, Poland; (E.O.); (M.E.Z.)
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Pinto B, Conde T, Domingues I, Domingues MR. Adaptation of Lipid Profiling in Depression Disease and Treatment: A Critical Review. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23042032. [PMID: 35216147 PMCID: PMC8874755 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23042032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2022] [Revised: 02/09/2022] [Accepted: 02/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Major depressive disorder (MDD), also called depression, is a serious disease that impairs the quality of life of patients and has a high incidence, affecting approximately 3.8% of the world population. Its diagnosis is very subjective and is not supported by measurable biomarkers mainly due to the lack of biochemical markers. Recently, disturbance of lipid profiling has been recognized in MDD, in animal models of MDD or in depressed patients, which may contribute to unravel the etiology of the disease and find putative new biomarkers, for a diagnosis or for monitoring the disease and therapeutics outcomes. In this review, we provide an overview of current knowledge of lipidomics analysis, both in animal models of MDD (at the brain and plasma level) and in humans (in plasma and serum). Furthermore, studies of lipidomics analyses after antidepressant treatment in rodents (in brain, plasma, and serum), in primates (in the brain) and in humans (in plasma) were reviewed and give evidence that antidepressants seem to counteract the modification seen in lipids in MDD, giving some evidence that certain altered lipid profiles could be useful MDD biomarkers for future precision medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruno Pinto
- Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies, CESAM, Department of Chemistry, Santiago University Campus, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal; (B.P.); (T.C.)
- Mass Spectrometry Centre, LAQV-REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry, Santiago University Campus, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Tiago Conde
- Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies, CESAM, Department of Chemistry, Santiago University Campus, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal; (B.P.); (T.C.)
- Mass Spectrometry Centre, LAQV-REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry, Santiago University Campus, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
- Institute of Biomedicine—iBiMED, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Inês Domingues
- Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies, CESAM, Department of Biology, Santiago University Campus, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal;
| | - M. Rosário Domingues
- Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies, CESAM, Department of Chemistry, Santiago University Campus, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal; (B.P.); (T.C.)
- Mass Spectrometry Centre, LAQV-REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry, Santiago University Campus, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
- Correspondence:
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20
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Hsueh YJ, Chen YN, Tsao YT, Cheng CM, Wu WC, Chen HC. The Pathomechanism, Antioxidant Biomarkers, and Treatment of Oxidative Stress-Related Eye Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23031255. [PMID: 35163178 PMCID: PMC8835903 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23031255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2021] [Revised: 01/20/2022] [Accepted: 01/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress is an important pathomechanism found in numerous ocular degenerative diseases. To provide a better understanding of the mechanism and treatment of oxidant/antioxidant imbalance-induced ocular diseases, this article summarizes and provides updates on the relevant research. We review the oxidative damage (e.g., lipid peroxidation, DNA lesions, autophagy, and apoptosis) that occurs in different areas of the eye (e.g., cornea, anterior chamber, lens, retina, and optic nerve). We then introduce the antioxidant mechanisms present in the eye, as well as the ocular diseases that occur as a result of antioxidant imbalances (e.g., keratoconus, cataracts, age-related macular degeneration, and glaucoma), the relevant antioxidant biomarkers, and the potential of predictive diagnostics. Finally, we discuss natural antioxidant therapies for oxidative stress-related ocular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Jen Hsueh
- Department of Ophthalmology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou Branch, Taoyuan 33305, Taiwan; (Y.-J.H.); (Y.-N.C.); (Y.-T.T.); (W.-C.W.)
- Center for Tissue Engineering, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou Branch, Taoyuan 33305, Taiwan
| | - Yen-Ning Chen
- Department of Ophthalmology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou Branch, Taoyuan 33305, Taiwan; (Y.-J.H.); (Y.-N.C.); (Y.-T.T.); (W.-C.W.)
- Department of Medicine, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan 33305, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Ting Tsao
- Department of Ophthalmology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou Branch, Taoyuan 33305, Taiwan; (Y.-J.H.); (Y.-N.C.); (Y.-T.T.); (W.-C.W.)
| | - Chao-Min Cheng
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30012, Taiwan;
| | - Wei-Chi Wu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou Branch, Taoyuan 33305, Taiwan; (Y.-J.H.); (Y.-N.C.); (Y.-T.T.); (W.-C.W.)
- Department of Medicine, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan 33305, Taiwan
| | - Hung-Chi Chen
- Department of Ophthalmology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou Branch, Taoyuan 33305, Taiwan; (Y.-J.H.); (Y.-N.C.); (Y.-T.T.); (W.-C.W.)
- Center for Tissue Engineering, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou Branch, Taoyuan 33305, Taiwan
- Department of Medicine, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan 33305, Taiwan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +886-3-328-1200 (ext. 7855); Fax: +886-3-328-7798
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Abstract
Oxidized phospholipids that result from tissue injury operate as immunomodulatory signals that, depending on the context, lead to proinflammatory or anti-inflammatory responses. In this Perspective, we posit that cells of the innate immune system use the presence of oxidized lipids as a generic indicator of threat to the host. Similarly to how pathogen-associated molecular patterns represent general indicators of microbial encounters, oxidized lipids may be the most common molecular feature of an injured tissue. Therefore, microbial detection in the absence of oxidized lipids may indicate encounters with avirulent microorganisms. By contrast, microbial detection and detection of oxidized lipids would indicate encounters with replicating microorganisms, thereby inducing a heightened inflammatory and defensive response. Here we review recent studies supporting this idea. We focus on the biology of oxidized phosphocholines, which have emerged as context-dependent regulators of immunity. We highlight emerging functions of oxidized phosphocholines in dendritic cells and macrophages that drive unique inflammasome and migratory activities and hypermetabolic states. We describe how these lipids hyperactivate dendritic cells to stimulate antitumour CD8+ T cell immunity and discuss the potential implications of the newly described activities of oxidized phosphocholines in host defence.
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