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Lithovius V, Lahdenpohja S, Ibrahim H, Saarimäki-Vire J, Uusitalo L, Montaser H, Mikkola K, Yim CB, Keller T, Rajander J, Balboa D, Barsby T, Solin O, Nuutila P, Grönroos TJ, Otonkoski T. Non-invasive quantification of stem cell-derived islet graft size and composition. Diabetologia 2024:10.1007/s00125-024-06194-5. [PMID: 38871836 DOI: 10.1007/s00125-024-06194-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2024] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024]
Abstract
AIMS/HYPOTHESIS Stem cell-derived islets (SC-islets) are being used as cell replacement therapy for insulin-dependent diabetes. Non-invasive long-term monitoring methods for SC-islet grafts, which are needed to detect misguided differentiation in vivo and to optimise their therapeutic effectiveness, are lacking. Positron emission tomography (PET) has been used to monitor transplanted primary islets. We therefore aimed to apply PET as a non-invasive monitoring method for SC-islet grafts. METHODS We implanted different doses of human SC-islets, SC-islets derived using an older protocol or a state-of-the-art protocol and SC-islets genetically rendered hyper- or hypoactive into mouse calf muscle to yield different kinds of grafts. We followed the grafts with PET using two tracers, glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor-binding [18F]F-dibenzocyclooctyne-exendin-4 ([18F]exendin) and the dopamine precursor 6-[18F]fluoro-L-3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine ([18F]FDOPA), for 5 months, followed by histological assessment of graft size and composition. Additionally, we implanted a kidney subcapsular cohort with different SC-islet doses to assess the connection between C-peptide and stem cell-derived beta cell (SC-beta cell) mass. RESULTS Small but pure and large but impure grafts were derived from SC-islets. PET imaging allowed detection of SC-islet grafts even <1 mm3 in size, [18F]exendin having a better detection rate than [18F]FDOPA (69% vs 44%, <1 mm3; 96% vs 85%, >1 mm3). Graft volume quantified with [18F]exendin (r2=0.91) and [18F]FDOPA (r2=0.86) strongly correlated with actual graft volume. [18F]exendin PET delineated large cystic structures and its uptake correlated with graft SC-beta cell proportion (r2=0.68). The performance of neither tracer was affected by SC-islet graft hyper- or hypoactivity. C-peptide measurements under fasted or glucose-stimulated conditions did not correlate with SC-islet graft volume or SC-beta cell mass, with C-peptide under hypoglycaemia having a weak correlation with SC-beta cell mass (r2=0.52). CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION [18F]exendin and [18F]FDOPA PET enable non-invasive assessment of SC-islet graft size and aspects of graft composition. These methods could be leveraged for optimising SC-islet cell replacement therapy in diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Väinö Lithovius
- Stem Cells and Metabolism Research Program, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
| | | | - Hazem Ibrahim
- Stem Cells and Metabolism Research Program, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jonna Saarimäki-Vire
- Stem Cells and Metabolism Research Program, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | | | - Hossam Montaser
- Stem Cells and Metabolism Research Program, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Kirsi Mikkola
- Turku PET Centre, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
- Medicity Research Laboratories, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Cheng-Bin Yim
- Turku PET Centre, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Thomas Keller
- Turku PET Centre, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Johan Rajander
- Accelerator Laboratory, Turku PET Centre, Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland
| | - Diego Balboa
- Stem Cells and Metabolism Research Program, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Tom Barsby
- Stem Cells and Metabolism Research Program, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Olof Solin
- Turku PET Centre, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
- Accelerator Laboratory, Turku PET Centre, Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland
- Department of Chemistry, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Pirjo Nuutila
- Turku PET Centre, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
- Department of Endocrinology, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
- The Wellbeing Services County of Southwest Finland, Turku, Finland
| | - Tove J Grönroos
- Turku PET Centre, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
- Medicity Research Laboratories, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Timo Otonkoski
- Stem Cells and Metabolism Research Program, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
- Children's Hospital, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland.
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Raoufinia R, Rahimi HR, Saburi E, Moghbeli M. Advances and challenges of the cell-based therapies among diabetic patients. J Transl Med 2024; 22:435. [PMID: 38720379 PMCID: PMC11077715 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-024-05226-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2024] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus is a significant global public health challenge, with a rising prevalence and associated morbidity and mortality. Cell therapy has evolved over time and holds great potential in diabetes treatment. In the present review, we discussed the recent progresses in cell-based therapies for diabetes that provides an overview of islet and stem cell transplantation technologies used in clinical settings, highlighting their strengths and limitations. We also discussed immunomodulatory strategies employed in cell therapies. Therefore, this review highlights key progresses that pave the way to design transformative treatments to improve the life quality among diabetic patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramin Raoufinia
- Noncommunicable Diseases Research Center, Neyshabur University of Medical Sciences, Neyshabur, Iran
- Department of Medical Genetics and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Hamid Reza Rahimi
- Department of Medical Genetics and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Ehsan Saburi
- Department of Medical Genetics and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Meysam Moghbeli
- Department of Medical Genetics and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
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3
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Inoguchi K, Anazawa T, Fujimoto N, Tada S, Yamane K, Emoto N, Izuwa A, Su H, Fujimoto H, Murakami T, Nagai K, Hatano E. Impact of Prevascularization on Immunological Environment and Early Engraftment in Subcutaneous Islet Transplantation. Transplantation 2024; 108:1115-1126. [PMID: 38192025 DOI: 10.1097/tp.0000000000004909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The utilization of islet-like cells derived from pluripotent stem cells may resolve the scarcity of islet transplantation donors. The subcutaneous space is a promising transplantation site because of its capacity for graft observation and removal, thereby ensuring safety. To guarantee subcutaneous islet transplantation, physicians should ensure ample blood supply. Numerous methodologies, including prevascularization, have been investigated to augment blood flow, but the optimal approach remains undetermined. METHODS From C57BL/6 mice, 500 syngeneic islets were transplanted into the prevascularized subcutaneous site of recipient mice by implanting agarose rods with basic fibroblast growth factor at 1 and 2 wk. Before transplantation, the blood glucose levels, cell infiltration, and cytokine levels at the transplant site were evaluated. Furthermore, we examined the impact of the extracellular matrix capsule on graft function and the inflammatory response. RESULTS Compared with the 1-wk group, the 2-wk group exhibited improved glycemic control, indicating that longer prevascularization enhanced transplant success. Flow cytometry analysis detected immune cells, such as neutrophils and macrophages, in the extracellular matrix capsules, whereas cytometric bead array analysis indicated the release of inflammatory and proinflammatory cytokines. Treatment with antitumor necrosis factor and anti-interleukin-6R antibodies in the 1-wk group improved graft survival, similar to the 2-wk group. CONCLUSIONS In early prevascularization before subcutaneous transplantation, neutrophil and macrophage accumulation prevented early engraftment owing to inflammatory cytokine production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenta Inoguchi
- Division of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic and Transplant Surgery, Department of Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Takayuki Anazawa
- Division of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic and Transplant Surgery, Department of Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Nanae Fujimoto
- Division of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic and Transplant Surgery, Department of Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
- Institute for Life and Medical Sciences, Department of Regeneration Science and Engineering, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Seiichiro Tada
- Division of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic and Transplant Surgery, Department of Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Kei Yamane
- Division of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic and Transplant Surgery, Department of Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Norio Emoto
- Division of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic and Transplant Surgery, Department of Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Aya Izuwa
- Division of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic and Transplant Surgery, Department of Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Hang Su
- Division of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic and Transplant Surgery, Department of Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Fujimoto
- Radioisotope Research Center, Agency for Health, Safety and Environment, Kyoto University, Japan
| | - Takaaki Murakami
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Kazuyuki Nagai
- Division of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic and Transplant Surgery, Department of Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Etsuro Hatano
- Division of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic and Transplant Surgery, Department of Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
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Zhou Z, Wang S, Feng T, Zhang P, Fan H, Zou J, Huang K. Nanoassembly-Mediated Exendin-4 Derivatives to Decrease Renal Retention. ACS OMEGA 2024; 9:18757-18765. [PMID: 38708210 PMCID: PMC11064033 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c04644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Revised: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/07/2024]
Abstract
An Exendin-4 analogue that was conjugated with 68Ga exhibited an excellent diagnostic effect on insulinoma in clinical practice. On account of its low molecular weight and short hydration radius, 68Ga-Exendin-4 showed high accumulation in kidney tissues. Nanoparticle-mediated strategies have attracted much attention due to polyvalent properties and the size amplification effect. In this study, Exendin-4 derivatives of radionuclide nanodevices were developed and evaluated. The Exendin-4 derivatives consisting of a ternary block recombinant protein were purified by an inverse transition cycle (ITC) and allowed to self-assemble into a nanodevice under physiological conditions. Our results showed that the nanoassemblies of Exendin-4 derivatives formed homogeneous spherical nanoparticles, exhibited outstanding affinity for insulinoma cells, and could be deposited in insulinoma tissues in vivo. The nanoassembly-mediated Exendin-4 derivatives showed fivefold reduced renal retention and exhibited an outstanding tumor-suppression effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengwei Zhou
- Department
of Clinical Pharmacology Lab, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Changle Road 68, Nanjing 210006, P. R. China
- School
of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Tongjiaxiang 24, Nanjing 210009, P. R. China
| | - Shuai Wang
- Department
of Clinical Pharmacology Lab, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Changle Road 68, Nanjing 210006, P. R. China
- School
of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Tongjiaxiang 24, Nanjing 210009, P. R. China
| | - Tianling Feng
- Department
of Clinical Pharmacology Lab, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Changle Road 68, Nanjing 210006, P. R. China
- School
of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Tongjiaxiang 24, Nanjing 210009, P. R. China
| | - Pengjun Zhang
- Department
of Nuclear Medicine, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Changle Road 68, Nanjing 210006, P. R. China
| | - Hongwei Fan
- Department
of Clinical Pharmacology Lab, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Changle Road 68, Nanjing 210006, P. R. China
- School
of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Tongjiaxiang 24, Nanjing 210009, P. R. China
| | - Jianjun Zou
- Department
of Clinical Pharmacology Lab, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Changle Road 68, Nanjing 210006, P. R. China
- School
of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Tongjiaxiang 24, Nanjing 210009, P. R. China
| | - Kaizong Huang
- Department
of Clinical Pharmacology Lab, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Changle Road 68, Nanjing 210006, P. R. China
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Bourgeois S, Coenen S, Degroote L, Willems L, Van Mulders A, Pierreux J, Heremans Y, De Leu N, Staels W. Harnessing beta cell regeneration biology for diabetes therapy. Trends Endocrinol Metab 2024:S1043-2760(24)00082-1. [PMID: 38644094 DOI: 10.1016/j.tem.2024.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2024] [Revised: 03/21/2024] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/23/2024]
Abstract
The pandemic scale of diabetes mellitus is alarming, its complications remain devastating, and current treatments still pose a major burden on those affected and on the healthcare system as a whole. As the disease emanates from the destruction or dysfunction of insulin-producing pancreatic β-cells, a real cure requires their restoration and protection. An attractive strategy is to regenerate β-cells directly within the pancreas; however, while several approaches for β-cell regeneration have been proposed in the past, clinical translation has proven challenging. This review scrutinizes recent findings in β-cell regeneration and discusses their potential clinical implementation. Hereby, we aim to delineate a path for innovative, targeted therapies to help shift from 'caring for' to 'curing' diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie Bourgeois
- Genetics, Reproduction, and Development (GRAD), Beta Cell Neogenesis (BENE) Research Unit, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), 1090 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Sophie Coenen
- Genetics, Reproduction, and Development (GRAD), Beta Cell Neogenesis (BENE) Research Unit, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), 1090 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Laure Degroote
- Genetics, Reproduction, and Development (GRAD), Beta Cell Neogenesis (BENE) Research Unit, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), 1090 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Lien Willems
- Genetics, Reproduction, and Development (GRAD), Beta Cell Neogenesis (BENE) Research Unit, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), 1090 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Annelore Van Mulders
- Genetics, Reproduction, and Development (GRAD), Beta Cell Neogenesis (BENE) Research Unit, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), 1090 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Julie Pierreux
- Genetics, Reproduction, and Development (GRAD), Beta Cell Neogenesis (BENE) Research Unit, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), 1090 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Yves Heremans
- Genetics, Reproduction, and Development (GRAD), Beta Cell Neogenesis (BENE) Research Unit, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), 1090 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Nico De Leu
- Genetics, Reproduction, and Development (GRAD), Beta Cell Neogenesis (BENE) Research Unit, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), 1090 Brussels, Belgium; Endocrinology, Universiteit Ziekenhuis Brussel (UZ Brussel), 1090 Brussels, Belgium; Endocrinology, ASZ Aalst, 9300 Aalst, Belgium.
| | - Willem Staels
- Genetics, Reproduction, and Development (GRAD), Beta Cell Neogenesis (BENE) Research Unit, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), 1090 Brussels, Belgium; Pediatric Endocrinology, Department of Pediatrics, KidZ Health Castle, Universiteit Ziekenhuis Brussel (UZ Brussel), 1090 Brussels, Belgium.
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6
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Sun Y, Li G, Hong H, Zhu L, Kung HF, Zhang Y, Zhu J. Serotonin transporter imaging agent as a probe for β-cells of pancreas. Nucl Med Biol 2024; 130-131:108894. [PMID: 38422917 DOI: 10.1016/j.nucmedbio.2024.108894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2023] [Revised: 02/22/2024] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Diabetes mellitus (DM) is one of the major diseases in the world. Nuclear medicine imaging may be able to detect functional status of pancreatic β cells in vivo, which might elucidate the pathological mechanisms of diabetes and develop individualized treatment plans. In this study, we evaluated the ability of [125I]ADAM, a serotonin transporter (SERT) imaging agent, as a probe for detecting pancreatic β-cell mass (BCM). METHODS In vitro cell studies were evaluated in INS-1 cells (rat islet β cell line). Biodistribution studies were performed in male normal Sprague-Dawley rats and alloxan-induced type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) rats. Distribution and expression of SERT protein in pancreas of rats were also measured by immunofluorescence staining and Western blot. RESULTS In vitro cell studies showed that the concentration of [125I]ADAM associated with the INS-1 cells was increased gradually with incubation time, and the SERT specific inhibitor, escitalopram, exhibited the inhibitory effect on this interaction. Biodistribution studies also showed that the uptake of [125I]ADAM in the pancreas of normal rats was decreased in the presence of escitalopram. However, in the T1DM rat model with a significant β cells reduction, the uptake of pancreas was increased when compared with the control. Through immunofluorescence staining and Western blot, it was found that both the endocrine and exocrine cells of the normal pancreas expressed SERT protein, and the level of SERT protein in the exocrine cells was higher than islets. In the diabetic state, the expression of SERT in the exocrine cells was further increased. CONCLUSIONS The SERT imaging agent, [125I]ADAM, at the present form will not be suitable for imaging β cells, specifically because there were extraordinarily high non-specific signals contributing from the exocrine cells of pancreas. In addition, we noticed that the level of SERT expression was abnormally elevated in the diabetic state, which might provide an unexpected target for studying the pathological mechanisms of diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuli Sun
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Guangwen Li
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Haiyan Hong
- College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Lin Zhu
- College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Hank F Kung
- Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Yan Zhang
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China.
| | - Jinxia Zhu
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China.
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7
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Caldara R, Tomajer V, Monti P, Sordi V, Citro A, Chimienti R, Gremizzi C, Catarinella D, Tentori S, Paloschi V, Melzi R, Mercalli A, Nano R, Magistretti P, Partelli S, Piemonti L. Allo Beta Cell transplantation: specific features, unanswered questions, and immunological challenge. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1323439. [PMID: 38077372 PMCID: PMC10701551 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1323439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Type 1 diabetes (T1D) presents a persistent medical challenge, demanding innovative strategies for sustained glycemic control and enhanced patient well-being. Beta cells are specialized cells in the pancreas that produce insulin, a hormone that regulates blood sugar levels. When beta cells are damaged or destroyed, insulin production decreases, which leads to T1D. Allo Beta Cell Transplantation has emerged as a promising therapeutic avenue, with the goal of reinstating glucose regulation and insulin production in T1D patients. However, the path to success in this approach is fraught with complex immunological hurdles that demand rigorous exploration and resolution for enduring therapeutic efficacy. This exploration focuses on the distinct immunological characteristics inherent to Allo Beta Cell Transplantation. An understanding of these unique challenges is pivotal for the development of effective therapeutic interventions. The critical role of glucose regulation and insulin in immune activation is emphasized, with an emphasis on the intricate interplay between beta cells and immune cells. The transplantation site, particularly the liver, is examined in depth, highlighting its relevance in the context of complex immunological issues. Scrutiny extends to recipient and donor matching, including the utilization of multiple islet donors, while also considering the potential risk of autoimmune recurrence. Moreover, unanswered questions and persistent gaps in knowledge within the field are identified. These include the absence of robust evidence supporting immunosuppression treatments, the need for reliable methods to assess rejection and treatment protocols, the lack of validated biomarkers for monitoring beta cell loss, and the imperative need for improved beta cell imaging techniques. In addition, attention is drawn to emerging directions and transformative strategies in the field. This encompasses alternative immunosuppressive regimens and calcineurin-free immunoprotocols, as well as a reevaluation of induction therapy and recipient preconditioning methods. Innovative approaches targeting autoimmune recurrence, such as CAR Tregs and TCR Tregs, are explored, along with the potential of stem stealth cells, tissue engineering, and encapsulation to overcome the risk of graft rejection. In summary, this review provides a comprehensive overview of the inherent immunological obstacles associated with Allo Beta Cell Transplantation. It offers valuable insights into emerging strategies and directions that hold great promise for advancing the field and ultimately improving outcomes for individuals living with diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rossana Caldara
- Clinic Unit of Regenerative Medicine and Organ Transplants, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Valentina Tomajer
- Pancreatic Surgery, Pancreas Translational & Clinical Research Center, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Paolo Monti
- Diabetes Research Institute, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Valeria Sordi
- Diabetes Research Institute, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Antonio Citro
- Diabetes Research Institute, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Raniero Chimienti
- Diabetes Research Institute, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
- Università Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Chiara Gremizzi
- Clinic Unit of Regenerative Medicine and Organ Transplants, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Davide Catarinella
- Clinic Unit of Regenerative Medicine and Organ Transplants, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Stefano Tentori
- Clinic Unit of Regenerative Medicine and Organ Transplants, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Vera Paloschi
- Clinic Unit of Regenerative Medicine and Organ Transplants, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Raffella Melzi
- Diabetes Research Institute, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Alessia Mercalli
- Diabetes Research Institute, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Rita Nano
- Diabetes Research Institute, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Paola Magistretti
- Diabetes Research Institute, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Stefano Partelli
- Pancreatic Surgery, Pancreas Translational & Clinical Research Center, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
- Università Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Piemonti
- Clinic Unit of Regenerative Medicine and Organ Transplants, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
- Diabetes Research Institute, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
- Università Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
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Murakami T, Nakamura T, Fujimoto H, Fujikura J, Shimizu Y, Miyake KK, Otani D, Sakaki K, Kiyobayashi S, Anazawa T, Nakamoto Y, Inagaki N. Noninvasive evaluation of donor and native pancreases following simultaneous pancreas-kidney transplantation using positron emission tomography/computed tomography. J Diabetes Investig 2023; 14:1187-1191. [PMID: 37377043 PMCID: PMC10512903 DOI: 10.1111/jdi.14045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2023] [Revised: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
It is crucial to develop practical and noninvasive methods to assess the functional beta-cell mass in a donor pancreas, in which monitoring and precise evaluation is challenging. A patient with type 1 diabetes underwent noninvasive imaging following simultaneous kidney-pancreas transplantation with positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) using an exendin-based probe, [18 F]FB(ePEG12)12-exendin-4. Following transplantation, PET imaging with [18 F]FB(ePEG12)12-exendin-4 revealed simultaneous and distinct accumulations in the donor and native pancreases. The pancreases were outlined at a reasonable distance from the surrounding organs using [18 F]FB(ePEG12)12-exendin-4 whole-body maximum intensity projection and axial PET images. At 1 and 2 h after [18 F]FB(ePEG12)12-exendin-4 administration, the mean standardized uptake values were 2.96 and 3.08, respectively, in the donor pancreas and 1.97 and 2.25, respectively, in the native pancreas. [18 F]FB(ePEG12)12-exendin-4 positron emission tomography imaging allowed repeatable and quantitative assessment of beta-cell mass following simultaneous kidney-pancreas transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takaaki Murakami
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology, and Nutrition, Graduate School of MedicineKyoto UniversityKyotoJapan
| | - Toshihiro Nakamura
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology, and Nutrition, Graduate School of MedicineKyoto UniversityKyotoJapan
| | - Hiroyuki Fujimoto
- Radioisotope Research Center, Agency for Health, Safety and EnvironmentKyoto UniversityKyotoJapan
| | - Junji Fujikura
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology, and Nutrition, Graduate School of MedicineKyoto UniversityKyotoJapan
| | - Yoichi Shimizu
- Department of Diagnostic Imaging and Nuclear Medicine, Graduate School of MedicineKyoto UniversityKyotoJapan
| | - Kanae K. Miyake
- Department of Advanced Medical Imaging Research, Graduate School of MedicineKyoto UniversityKyotoJapan
| | - Daisuke Otani
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology, and Nutrition, Graduate School of MedicineKyoto UniversityKyotoJapan
| | - Kentaro Sakaki
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology, and Nutrition, Graduate School of MedicineKyoto UniversityKyotoJapan
| | - Sakura Kiyobayashi
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology, and Nutrition, Graduate School of MedicineKyoto UniversityKyotoJapan
| | - Takayuki Anazawa
- Division of Hepato‐Biliary‐Pancreatic Surgery and Transplantation, Department of Surgery, Graduate School of MedicineKyoto UniversityKyotoJapan
| | - Yuji Nakamoto
- Department of Diagnostic Imaging and Nuclear Medicine, Graduate School of MedicineKyoto UniversityKyotoJapan
| | - Nobuya Inagaki
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology, and Nutrition, Graduate School of MedicineKyoto UniversityKyotoJapan
- Medical Research Institute Kitano Hospital, PIIF Tazuke‐kofukaiOsakaJapan
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Xie Y, Wang Y, Pei W, Chen Y. Theranostic in GLP-1R molecular imaging: challenges and emerging opportunities. Front Mol Biosci 2023; 10:1210347. [PMID: 37780209 PMCID: PMC10540701 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2023.1210347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Theranostic in nuclear medicine combines diagnostic imaging and internal irradiation therapy using different therapeutic nuclear probes for visual diagnosis and precise treatment. GLP-1R is a popular receptor target in endocrine diseases, non-alcoholic steatohepatitis, tumors, and other areas. Likewise, it has also made breakthroughs in the development of molecular imaging. It was recognized that GLP-1R imaging originated from the study of insulinoma and afterwards was expanded in application including islet transplantation, pancreatic β-cell mass measurement, and ATP-dependent potassium channel-related endocrine diseases. Fortunately, GLP-1R molecular imaging has been involved in ischemic cardiomyocytes and neurodegenerative diseases. These signs illustrate the power of GLP-1R molecular imaging in the development of medicine. However, it is still limited to imaging diagnosis research in the current molecular imaging environment. The lack of molecular-targeted therapeutics related report hinders its radiology theranostic. In this article, the current research status, challenges, and emerging opportunities for GLP-1R molecular imaging are discussed in order to open a new path for theranostics and to promote the evolution of molecular medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Xie
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
- Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
- Academician (Expert) Workstation of Sichuan Province, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Yudi Wang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
- Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
- Academician (Expert) Workstation of Sichuan Province, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Wenjie Pei
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
- Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
- Academician (Expert) Workstation of Sichuan Province, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Yue Chen
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
- Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
- Academician (Expert) Workstation of Sichuan Province, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
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10
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Sakaki K, Murakami T, Fujimoto H, Shimizu Y, Miyake KK, Otani D, Kiyobayashi S, Okada T, Fujimoto M, Hakata T, Yamauchi I, Shimada K, Shimizu H, Nagai K, Nakamoto Y, Inagaki N. 18F-labeled PEGylated exendin-4 imaging noninvasively differentiates insulinoma from an accessory spleen: the first case report of [18F]FB(ePEG12)12-exendin-4 positron emission tomography/computed tomography for insulinoma. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1245573. [PMID: 37720533 PMCID: PMC10501723 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1245573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 09/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Insulinomas are the most common functioning pancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms, and these tumors induce hypoglycemia due to hyperinsulinemia. Hypoglycemia caused by insulinomas can cause seizures, coma or death due to the delayed diagnosis. The only curative treatment is surgical resection. To perform curative surgical resection of insulinomas, preoperative localization is crucial. However, localization of insulinomas is often challenging using conventional imaging methods such as computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging. Although endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) fine-needle aspiration and selective arterial calcium stimulation test, which can reflect the endocrine character of the tumor, are performed in such cases, these modalities are invasive and require operator-dependent techniques. Additionally, somatostatin receptor (SSTR)-targeted imaging has a relatively low sensitivity for detecting insulinomas due to its low SSTR type 2 expression. Thus, there is an urgent need for developing a noninvasive diagnostic technique which is specific for detecting insulinomas. Consequently, glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor-targeted imaging has recently emerged and gained a wide interest. Recently, we have developed a novel 18F-labeled exendin-4-based probe conjugated with polyethylene glycol, [18F]FB(ePEG12)12-exendin-4 (18F-exendin-4), for positron emission tomography (PET) imaging. Here we report a case of insulinoma in which 18F-exendin-4 PET/CT noninvasively provided critical information for localization. Case description This is a case of a 58-year-old male with symptomatic hypoglycemia for 10 years; however, a preoperative diagnosis of insulinoma was not established due to the difficulty in differentiating it from an accessory spleen using conventional imaging. Moreover, the patient requested to avoid invasive diagnostic procedures including EUS. 18F-exendin-4 PET/CT revealed significant uptakes in the pancreatic tail whereas no apparent uptakes were observed in the spleen; thus, curative laparoscopic enucleation of the pancreatic tail was performed. The diagnosis of insulinoma was confirmed via histopathological examination. This is the first case report of insulinoma diagnosed using 18F-exendin-4 PET/CT. Conclusion In this case, PET information led to curative resection through enucleation of the pancreas. 18F-exendin-4 PET/CT may serve as a useful noninvasive clinical tool for insulinoma localization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kentaro Sakaki
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Takaaki Murakami
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Fujimoto
- Radioisotope Research Center, Agency for Health, Safety and Environment, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Yoichi Shimizu
- Department of Diagnostic Imaging and Nuclear Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Kanae Kawai Miyake
- Department of Diagnostic Imaging and Nuclear Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Daisuke Otani
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Sakura Kiyobayashi
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Takuya Okada
- Department of Diagnostic Pathology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Masakazu Fujimoto
- Department of Diagnostic Pathology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Takuro Hakata
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Ichiro Yamauchi
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Kotaro Shimada
- Department of Diagnostic Imaging and Nuclear Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Hironori Shimizu
- Department of Diagnostic Imaging and Nuclear Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Kazuyuki Nagai
- Division of Hepatobiliary Pancreatic Surgery and Transplantation, Department of Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Yuji Nakamoto
- Department of Diagnostic Imaging and Nuclear Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Nobuya Inagaki
- Medical Research Institute Kitano HospitalPIIF Tazuke-kofukai, Osaka, Japan
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11
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Behzadifar S, Barras A, Plaisance V, Pawlowski V, Szunerits S, Abderrahmani A, Boukherroub R. Polymer-Based Nanostructures for Pancreatic Beta-Cell Imaging and Non-Invasive Treatment of Diabetes. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:pharmaceutics15041215. [PMID: 37111699 PMCID: PMC10143373 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15041215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Revised: 04/01/2023] [Accepted: 04/07/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetes poses major economic, social, and public health challenges in all countries worldwide. Besides cardiovascular disease and microangiopathy, diabetes is a leading cause of foot ulcers and lower limb amputations. With the continued rise of diabetes prevalence, it is expected that the future burden of diabetes complications, early mortality, and disabilities will increase. The diabetes epidemic is partly caused by the current lack of clinical imaging diagnostic tools, the timely monitoring of insulin secretion and insulin-expressing cell mass (beta (β)-cells), and the lack of patients' adherence to treatment, because some drugs are not tolerated or invasively administrated. In addition to this, there is a lack of efficient topical treatment capable of stopping the progression of disabilities, in particular for treating foot ulcers. In this context, polymer-based nanostructures garnered significant interest due to their tunable physicochemical characteristics, rich diversity, and biocompatibility. This review article emphasizes the last advances and discusses the prospects in the use of polymeric materials as nanocarriers for β-cell imaging and non-invasive drug delivery of insulin and antidiabetic drugs in the management of blood glucose and foot ulcers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shakila Behzadifar
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, Centrale Lille, Univ. Polytechnique Hauts-de-France, UMR 8520, IEMN, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Alexandre Barras
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, Centrale Lille, Univ. Polytechnique Hauts-de-France, UMR 8520, IEMN, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Valérie Plaisance
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, Centrale Lille, Univ. Polytechnique Hauts-de-France, UMR 8520, IEMN, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Valérie Pawlowski
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, Centrale Lille, Univ. Polytechnique Hauts-de-France, UMR 8520, IEMN, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Sabine Szunerits
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, Centrale Lille, Univ. Polytechnique Hauts-de-France, UMR 8520, IEMN, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Amar Abderrahmani
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, Centrale Lille, Univ. Polytechnique Hauts-de-France, UMR 8520, IEMN, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Rabah Boukherroub
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, Centrale Lille, Univ. Polytechnique Hauts-de-France, UMR 8520, IEMN, F-59000 Lille, France
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12
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Botagarova A, Murakami T, Fujimoto H, Fauzi M, Kiyobayashi S, Otani D, Fujimoto N, Inagaki N. Noninvasive quantitative evaluation of viable islet grafts using 111 In-exendin-4 SPECT/CT. FASEB J 2023; 37:e22859. [PMID: 36906290 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202201787rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Revised: 02/18/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/13/2023]
Abstract
Islet transplantation (IT) is an effective β-cell replacement therapy for patients with type 1 diabetes; however, the lack of methods to detect islet grafts and evaluate their β-cell mass (BCM) has limited the further optimization of IT protocols. Therefore, the development of noninvasive β-cell imaging is required. In this study, we investigated the utility of the 111 Indium-labeled exendin-4 probe {[Lys12(111In-BnDTPA-Ahx)] exendin-4} (111 In exendin-4) to evaluate islet graft BCM after intraportal IT. The probe was cultured with various numbers of isolated islets. Streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice were intraportally transplanted with 150 or 400 syngeneic islets. After a 6-week observation following IT, the ex-vivo liver graft uptake of 111 In-exendin-4 was compared with the liver insulin content. In addition, the in-vivo liver graft uptake of 111 In exendin-4 using SPECT/CT was compared with that of liver graft BCM measured by a histological method. As a result, probe accumulation was significantly correlated with islet numbers. The ex-vivo liver graft uptake in the 400-islet-transplanted group was significantly higher than that in the control and the 150-islet-transplanted groups, consistent with glycemic control and liver insulin content. In conclusion, in-vivo SPECT/CT displayed liver islet grafts, and uptakes were corroborated by histological liver BCM. 111 In-exendin-4 SPECT/CT can be used to visualize and evaluate liver islet grafts noninvasively after intraportal IT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ainur Botagarova
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Takaaki Murakami
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Fujimoto
- Radioisotope Research Center, Agency for Health, Safety and Environment, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Muhammad Fauzi
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Sakura Kiyobayashi
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Daisuke Otani
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Nanae Fujimoto
- Department of Regeneration Science and Engineering Laboratory of Experimental Immunology, Institute for Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Nobuya Inagaki
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan.,Medical Research Institute KITANO HOSPITAL, PIIF Tazuke-kofukai, Osaka, Japan
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13
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Wang K, Yao K, Chen XY, Wen DK, Qin YJ, Hu ZG, Yang YS. Discovery of the cysteine dynamics during the development and treatment of diabetic process by fluorescent imaging. Redox Biol 2023; 62:102660. [PMID: 36906953 PMCID: PMC10023934 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2023.102660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Revised: 03/05/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 03/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Herein, a novel fluorescent probe RhoDCM was developed for monitoring the cysteine (Cys) dynamics. For the first time, the Cys-triggered implement was applied in relatively complete diabetic mice models. The response of RhoDCM towards Cys suggested advantages including practical sensitivity, high selectivity, rapid reaction, and steadiness in various pH and temperature conditions. RhoDCM could basically monitor the intracellular Cys level, both exogenous and endogenous. It could further monitor the glucose level via detecting consumed Cys. Furthermore, the diabetic mice models including the no diabetic control group, the induced model groups by streptozocin (STZ) or alloxan, and the treatment groups induced by STZ and treated with vildagliptin (Vil), dapagliflozin (DA), or metformin (Metf) were constructed. The models were checked by oral glucose tolerance test and significant liver-related serum indexes. Based on the models, the in vivo imaging and penetrating depth fluorescence imaging both indicated that RhoDCM could characterize the status of the development and treatment in the diabetic process via monitoring the Cys dynamics. Consequently, RhoDCM seemed beneficial for inferring the order of severity in the diabetic process and evaluating the potency of therapeutic schedules, which might be informatic for correlated investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Wang
- Department of Medical Laboratory, Affiliated Children's Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China; State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Kun Yao
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China; Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Xu-Yang Chen
- Department of Medical Laboratory, Affiliated Children's Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China; State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Da-Ke Wen
- Department of Medical Laboratory, Affiliated Children's Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ya-Juan Qin
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China
| | - Zhi-Gang Hu
- Department of Medical Laboratory, Affiliated Children's Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Yu-Shun Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China; Jinhua Advanced Research Institute, Jinhua, 321019, China.
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14
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Arifin DR, Bulte JWM. In Vivo Imaging of Naked and Microencapsulated Islet Cell Transplantation. Methods Mol Biol 2023; 2592:75-88. [PMID: 36507986 PMCID: PMC10437091 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-2807-2_5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
We describe step-by-step methods to label human pancreatic islet cells and murine insulinoma cells and their subsequent transplantation into type I diabetic mouse models with a focus on in vivo imaging using clinically applicable scanners. We also cover islets that are microencapsulated within alginate hydrogels loaded with imaging agents. By following these methods, it is possible to image cell grafts using T1-weighted and T2/T2*-weighted 1H magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), 19F MRI, computed tomography, ultrasound imaging, and bioluminescence imaging in vivo. Considering a myriad of factors that may affect the outcome of proper in vivo detection, we discuss potential issues that may be encountered during and after the process of labeling. The ultimate goal is to use these in vivo imaging approaches to determine and optimize naked and encapsulated islet cell survival, therapeutic function, and engraftment procedures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dian R Arifin
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Division of MR Research, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Cellular Imaging Section and Vascular Biology Program, Institute for Cell Engineering, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Jeff W M Bulte
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Division of MR Research, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
- Cellular Imaging Section and Vascular Biology Program, Institute for Cell Engineering, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
- Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
- Department of Oncology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
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15
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Nigam S, Moore A, Wang P. miRNA Theranostic Nanoparticles Promote Pancreatic Beta Cell Proliferation in Type 1 Diabetes Model. Methods Mol Biol 2022; 2592:207-218. [PMID: 36507996 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-2807-2_15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is a chronic autoimmune disorder which affects the insulin-producing beta cells in the pancreas. A variety of strategies, namely, insulin replacement therapy, engineered vaccines, immunomodulators, etc., have been explored to correct this condition. Recent studies have attributed the development of T1D to the anomalous expression of microRNAs in the pancreatic islets. Here, we describe the protocol for the development of a theranostic approach to modify the expression of aberrant miRNAs. The MRI-based nanodrug consists of superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles conjugated to microRNA-targeting oligonucleotides that can promote proliferation of pancreatic beta cells in a mouse model of T1D. This theranostic approach can successfully serve as a potential therapeutic approach for the targeted treatment of T1D with minimal side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saumya Nigam
- Precision Health Program, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA.,Department of Radiology, College of Human Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Anna Moore
- Precision Health Program, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA. .,Department of Radiology, College of Human Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA.
| | - Ping Wang
- Precision Health Program, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA. .,Department of Radiology, College of Human Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA.
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16
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Zhang Y, Li G, Sun Y, Hong H, Li L, Luo Y, Wang R, Zhu L, Kung HF, Zhu J. In vivo and in vitro binding of [ 125 I]I-R-(+)-TISCH: A dopamine D 1 receptor ligand for studying pancreatic β-cell mass. J Labelled Comp Radiopharm 2022; 65:354-360. [PMID: 36261868 DOI: 10.1002/jlcr.4005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2022] [Revised: 09/16/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus (DM) and insulinoma are mainly affected by the status of pancreatic β-cell mass (BCM). Development of imaging agents for BCM allows to study pancreatic β cells and the relationship between β cells and DM or insulinoma. In this study, we investigated the density of dopamine D1 receptor on the β cells and measured BCM by statistical image processing. The pancreatic uptakes of [125 I]I-R-(+)-7-chloro-8-hydroxy-1-(3'-iodopheny1)-3-methyl-2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-1H-3-benzazepine ([125 I]I-R-(+)-TISCH), dopamine D1 receptor tracer, in normal and diabetic rats displayed significant differences at 30 min (1.11 ± 0.08% ID/g vs. 0.63 ± 0.09% ID/g, p < 0.0001). In the presence of SCH23390, the pancreatic uptake of [125 I]I-R-(+)-TISCH at 30 min in normal rats was lower (1.01 ± 0.04% ID/g, p < 0.05). Although the blocking was not complete, [125 I]I-R-(+)-TISCH showed specific binding signals to the pancreas. Furthermore, the uptakes of [125 I]I-R-(+)-TISCH in INS-1 cells were reduced in the presence of SCH23390 at different concentrations. [125 I]I-R-(+)-TISCH displayed a respectable uptake in insulinoma. Overall, [125 I]I-R-(+)-TISCH provided specific binding signals to pancreatic β cells. Although the specific signal may not be sufficient for imaging in vivo, the dopamine D1 receptor can still be considered as a potential target for studying BCM. Further investigation will be required to optimize the ligand.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Zhang
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Guangwen Li
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yuli Sun
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Haiyan Hong
- College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Linlin Li
- College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Yang Luo
- College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Ran Wang
- College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Lin Zhu
- College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Hank F Kung
- Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Jinxia Zhu
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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17
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Sordi V, Monaco L, Piemonti L. Cell Therapy for Type 1 Diabetes: From Islet Transplantation to Stem Cells. Horm Res Paediatr 2022; 96:658-669. [PMID: 36041412 DOI: 10.1159/000526618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2021] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The field of cell therapy of type 1 diabetes is a particularly interesting example in the scenario of regenerative medicine. In fact, β-cell replacement has its roots in the experience of islet transplantation, which began 40 years ago and is currently a rapidly accelerating field, with several ongoing clinical trials using β cells derived from stem cells. Type 1 diabetes is particularly suitable for cell therapy as it is a disease due to the deficiency of only one cell type, the insulin-producing β cell, and this endocrine cell does not need to be positioned inside the pancreas to perform its function. On the other hand, the presence of a double immunological barrier, the allogeneic one and the autoimmune one, makes the protection of β cells from rejection a major challenge. Until today, islet transplantation has taught us a lot, pioneering immunosuppressive therapies, graft encapsulation, tissue engineering, and test of different implant sites and has stimulated a great variety of studies on β-cell function. This review starts from islet transplantation, presenting its current indications and the latest published trials, to arrive at the prospects of stem cell therapy, presenting the latest innovations in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valeria Sordi
- Diabetes Research Institute, San Raffaele Hospital, Milan, Italy,
| | - Laura Monaco
- Diabetes Research Institute, San Raffaele Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Piemonti
- Diabetes Research Institute, San Raffaele Hospital, Milan, Italy
- Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
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18
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Murakami T, Inagaki N, Kondoh H. Cellular Senescence in Diabetes Mellitus: Distinct Senotherapeutic Strategies for Adipose Tissue and Pancreatic β Cells. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:869414. [PMID: 35432205 PMCID: PMC9009089 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.869414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2022] [Accepted: 03/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Increased insulin resistance and impaired insulin secretion are significant characteristics manifested by patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). The degree and extent of these two features in T2DM vary among races and individuals. Insulin resistance is accelerated by obesity and is accompanied by accumulation of dysfunctional adipose tissues. In addition, dysfunction of pancreatic β-cells impairs insulin secretion. T2DM is significantly affected by aging, as the β-cell mass diminishes with age. Moreover, both obesity and hyperglycemia-related metabolic changes in developing diabetes are associated with accumulation of senescent cells in multiple organs, that is, organismal aging. Cellular senescence is defined as a state of irreversible cell cycle arrest with concomitant functional decline. It is caused by telomere shortening or senescence-inducing stress. Senescent cells secrete proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines, which is designated as the senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP), and this has a negative impact on adipose tissues and pancreatic β-cells. Recent advances in aging research have suggested that senolysis, the removal of senescent cells, can be a promising therapeutic approach to prevent or improve aging-related diseases, including diabetes. The attenuation of a SASP may be beneficial, although the pathophysiological involvement of cellular senescence in diabetes is not fully understood. In the clinical application of senotherapy, tissue-context-dependent senescent cells are increasingly being recognized as an issue to be solved. Recent studies have observed highly heterogenic and complex senescent cell populations that serve distinct roles among tissues, various stages of disease, and different ages. For example, in high-fat-diet induced diabetes with obesity, mouse adipose tissues display accumulation of p21Cip1-highly-expressing (p21high) cells in the early stage, followed by increases in both p21high and p16INK4a-highly-expressing (p16high) cells in the late stage. Interestingly, elimination of p21high cells in visceral adipose tissue can prevent or improve insulin resistance in mice with obesity, while p16high cell clearance is less effective in alleviating insulin resistance. Importantly, in immune-deficient mice transplanted with fat from obese patients, dasatinib plus quercetin, a senolytic cocktail that reduces the number of both p21high and p16high cells, improves both glucose tolerance and insulin resistance. On the other hand, in pancreatic β cells, p16high cells become increasingly predominant with age and development of diabetes. Consistently, elimination of p16high cells in mice improves both glucose tolerance and glucose-induced insulin secretion. Moreover, a senolytic compound, the anti-Bcl-2 inhibitor ABT263 reduces p16INK4a expression in islets and restores glucose tolerance in mice when combined with insulin receptor antagonist S961 treatment. In addition, efficacy of senotherapy in targeting mouse pancreatic β cells has been validated not only in T2DM, but also in type 1 diabetes mellitus. Indeed, in non-obese diabetic mice, treatment with anti-Bcl-2 inhibitors, such as ABT199, eliminates senescent pancreatic β cells, resulting in prevention of diabetes mellitus. These findings clearly indicate that features of diabetes are partly determined by which or where senescent cells reside in vivo, as adipose tissues and pancreatic β cells are responsible for insulin resistance and insulin secretion, respectively. In this review, we summarize recent advances in understanding cellular senescence in adipose tissues and pancreatic β cells in diabetes. We review the different potential molecular targets and distinctive senotherapeutic strategies in adipose tissues and pancreatic β cells. We propose the novel concept of a dual-target tailored approach in senotherapy against diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takaaki Murakami
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Nobuya Inagaki
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Kondoh
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
- Geriatric Unit, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
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19
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Murakami T, Yabe D, Inagaki N. Unmet needs in current clinical practice for insulinoma: Lessons from nationwide studies in Japan. J Diabetes Investig 2022; 13:429-431. [PMID: 34863032 PMCID: PMC8902377 DOI: 10.1111/jdi.13730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Revised: 12/01/2021] [Accepted: 12/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Unmet clinical needs for the management of insulinoma include a low proportion of patients having surgical treatment, postoperative diabetes mellitus, and residual hypoglycemia. Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor-targeted imaging such as that using [18 F]FB(ePEG12)12-exendin-4 positron emission tomography (PET) is promising and may fill unmet clinical needs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takaaki Murakami
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and NutritionKyoto University Graduate School of MedicineKyotoJapan
| | - Daisuke Yabe
- Department of Diabetes and EndocrinologyGifu University Graduate School of MedicineGifuJapan
| | - Nobuya Inagaki
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and NutritionKyoto University Graduate School of MedicineKyotoJapan
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20
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Kiyobayashi S, Murakami T, Harada N, Fujimoto H, Murata Y, Fujita N, Hamamatsu K, Ikeguchi-Ogura E, Hatoko T, Lu X, Yamane S, Inagaki N. Noninvasive Evaluation of GIP Effects on β-Cell Mass Under High-Fat Diet. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:921125. [PMID: 35909510 PMCID: PMC9326491 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.921125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2022] [Accepted: 05/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic β-cell mass (BCM) has an importance in the pathophysiology of diabetes mellitus. Recently, glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor (GLP-1R)-targeted imaging has emerged as a promising tool for BCM evaluation. While glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide/gastric inhibitory polypeptide (GIP) is known to be involved in high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obesity, the effect of GIP on BCM is still controversial. In this study, we investigated indium 111 (111In)-labeled exendin-4 derivative ([Lys12(111In-BnDTPA-Ahx)]exendin-4) single-photon emission computed tomography/computed tomography (SPECT/CT) as a tool for evaluation of longitudinal BCM changes in HFD-induced obese mice, at the same time we also investigated the effects of GIP on BCM in response to HFD using GIP-knockout (GIP-/-) mice. 111In-exendin-4 SPECT/CT was able to distinguish control-fat diet (CFD)-fed mice from HFD-fed mice and the pancreatic uptake values replicated the BCM measured by conventional histological methods. Furthermore, BCM expansions in HFD-fed mice were demonstrated by time-course changes of the pancreatic uptake values. Additionally, 111In-exendin-4 SPECT/CT demonstrated the distinct changes in BCM between HFD-fed GIP-/- (GIP-/-+HFD) and wild-type (WT+HFD) mice; the pancreatic uptake values of GIP-/-+HFD mice became significantly lower than those of WT+HFD mice. The different changes in the pancreatic uptake values between the two groups preceded those in fat accumulation and insulin resistance. Taken together with the finding of increased β-cell apoptosis in GIP-/-+HFD mice compared with WT+HFD mice, these data indicated that GIP has preferable effects on BCM under HFD. Therefore, 111In-exendin-4 SPECT/CT can be useful for evaluating increasing BCM and the role of GIP in BCM changes under HFD conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sakura Kiyobayashi
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Takaaki Murakami
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Norio Harada
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Fujimoto
- Radioisotope Research Center, Agency of Health, Safety and Environment, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Yuki Murata
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Naotaka Fujita
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Keita Hamamatsu
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Eri Ikeguchi-Ogura
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Tomonobu Hatoko
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Xuejing Lu
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Shunsuke Yamane
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Nobuya Inagaki
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
- *Correspondence: Nobuya Inagaki,
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21
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Fauzi M, Murakami T, Fujimoto H, Botagarova A, Sakaki K, Kiyobayashi S, Ogura M, Inagaki N. Preservation effect of imeglimin on pancreatic β-cell mass: Noninvasive evaluation using 111In-exendin-4 SPECT/CT imaging and the perspective of mitochondrial involvements. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:1010825. [PMID: 36246910 PMCID: PMC9559817 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.1010825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2022] [Accepted: 09/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Progressive loss of β-cell mass (BCM) has a pernicious influence on type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM); evaluation of BCM has conventionally required an invasive method that provides only cross-sectional data. However, a noninvasive approach to longitudinal assessment of BCM in living subjects using an indium 111-labeled exendin-4 derivative ([Lys12(111In-BnDTPA-Ahx)]exendin-4) (111In-exendin-4) has been developed recently. Imeglimin is a novel antidiabetic agent that is reported to improve glycemic control and glucose-stimulated insulin secretion (GSIS) via augmentation of mitochondrial function. However, the influence of imeglimin on BCM is not fully understood. We have investigated the effects of imeglimin on BCM in vivo in prediabetic db/db mice using a noninvasive 111In-exendin-4 single-photon emission computed tomography/computed tomography (SPECT/CT) technique. During the 5-week study period, imeglimin treatment attenuated the progression of glucose intolerance, and imeglimin-treated mice retained greater BCM than control, which was consistent with the results of 111In-exendin-4 SPECT/CT scans. Furthermore, immunohistochemical analysis revealed reduced β-cell apoptosis in the imeglimin-treated db/db mice, and also lowered release of cytosolic cytochrome c protein in the β cells. Furthermore, electron microscopy observation and membrane potential measurement revealed improved structural integrity and membrane potential of the mitochondria of imeglimin-treated islets, respectively. These results demonstrate attenuation of progression of BCM loss in prediabetic db/db mice partly via inhibition of mitochondria-mediated apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Fauzi
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology, and Nutrition, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Takaaki Murakami
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology, and Nutrition, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Fujimoto
- Radioisotope Research Center, Agency of Health, Safety, and Environment, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Ainur Botagarova
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology, and Nutrition, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Kentaro Sakaki
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology, and Nutrition, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Sakura Kiyobayashi
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology, and Nutrition, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Masahito Ogura
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology, and Nutrition, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Nobuya Inagaki
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology, and Nutrition, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
- *Correspondence: Nobuya Inagaki,
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22
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Distinctive detection of insulinoma using [ 18F]FB(ePEG12)12-exendin-4 PET/CT. Sci Rep 2021; 11:15014. [PMID: 34294854 PMCID: PMC8298522 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-94595-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2020] [Accepted: 07/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Specifying the exact localization of insulinoma remains challenging due to the lack of insulinoma-specific imaging methods. Recently, glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor (GLP-1R)-targeted imaging, especially positron emission tomography (PET), has emerged. Although various radiolabeled GLP-1R agonist exendin-4-based probes with chemical modifications for PET imaging have been investigated, an optimal candidate probe and its scanning protocol remain a necessity. Thus, we investigated the utility of a novel exendin-4-based probe conjugated with polyethylene glycol (PEG) for [18F]FB(ePEG12)12-exendin-4 PET imaging for insulinoma detection. We utilized [18F]FB(ePEG12)12-exendin-4 PET/CT to visualize mouse tumor models, which were generated using rat insulinoma cell xenografts. The probe demonstrated high uptake value on the tumor as 37.1 ± 0.4%ID/g, with rapid kidney clearance. Additionally, we used Pdx1-Cre;Trp53R172H;Rbf/f mice, which developed endogenous insulinoma and glucagonoma, since they enabled differential imaging evaluation of our probe in functional pancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms. In this model, our [18F]FB(ePEG12)12-exendin-4 PET/CT yielded favorable sensitivity and specificity for insulinoma detection. Sensitivity: 30-min post-injection 66.7%, 60-min post-injection 83.3%, combined 100% and specificity: 30-min post-injection 100%, 60-min post-injection 100%, combined 100%, which was corroborated by the results of in vitro time-based analysis of internalized probe accumulation. Accordingly, [18F]FB(ePEG12)12-exendin-4 is a promising PET imaging probe for visualizing insulinoma.
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23
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Fujimoto H, Fujita N, Hamamatsu K, Murakami T, Nakamoto Y, Saga T, Ishimori T, Shimizu Y, Watanabe H, Sano K, Harada N, Nakamura H, Toyoda K, Kimura H, Nakagawa S, Hirai M, Murakami A, Ono M, Togashi K, Saji H, Inagaki N. First-in-Human Evaluation of Positron Emission Tomography/Computed Tomography With [ 18F]FB(ePEG12)12-Exendin-4: A Phase 1 Clinical Study Targeting GLP-1 Receptor Expression Cells in Pancreas. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2021; 12:717101. [PMID: 34489868 PMCID: PMC8417326 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2021.717101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2021] [Accepted: 07/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic β-cell mass (BCM) has a central importance in the pathophysiology of diabetes mellitus. Recently, pancreatic β-cell-specific imaging, especially positron emission tomography (PET) with exendin-based probes, has emerged for non-invasive evaluation of BCM. We developed a novel exendin-based probe labeled with fluorine-18, [18F]FB(ePEG12)12-exendin-4 (18F-Ex4) for PET imaging. We subsequently conducted a first-in-human phase 1 study of 18F-Ex4 PET/computed tomography (CT) and investigated the safety and utility for visualizing the pancreas. Six healthy male subjects were enrolled in this study. A low dose (37.0 MBq) of 18F-Ex4 PET/CT was administered (first cohort: n = 2), and subsequently a higher dose (74.0 MBq) was administered (second cohort: n = 4). In the first and second cohorts, 38.6 ± 4.8 and 71.1 ± 4.8 MBq of 18F-Ex4 were administered, respectively. No serious adverse events were observed in both groups. Only one participant in the first cohort showed transient hypoglycemia during the PET scans. 18F-Ex4 PET/CT successfully visualized the pancreas in all participants. The mean standardized uptake value of the pancreas was found to be higher than that in the surrounding organs, except for the bladder and kidney, during the observation. Dosimetry analyses revealed the effective systemic doses of 18F-Ex4 as 0.0164 ± 0.0019 mSv/MBq (first cohort) and 0.0173 ± 0.0020 mSv/MBq (second cohort). 18F-Ex4 PET/CT demonstrated the safety and utility for non-invasive visualization of the pancreas in healthy male subjects. 18F-Ex4 is promising for clinical PET imaging targeting pancreatic β cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroyuki Fujimoto
- Radioisotope Research Center, Agency of Health, Safety and Environment, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Naotaka Fujita
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Keita Hamamatsu
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Takaaki Murakami
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Yuji Nakamoto
- Department of Diagnostic Imaging and Nuclear Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Tsuneo Saga
- Department of Diagnostic Imaging and Nuclear Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Takayoshi Ishimori
- Department of Diagnostic Imaging and Nuclear Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Yoichi Shimizu
- Department of Diagnostic Imaging and Nuclear Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Watanabe
- Department of Patho-Functional Bioanalysis, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Kohei Sano
- Department of Patho-Functional Bioanalysis, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Norio Harada
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | | | - Kentaro Toyoda
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Kimura
- Department of Patho-Functional Bioanalysis, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Shunsaku Nakagawa
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Kyoto University Hospital, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Mitsuharu Hirai
- Research and Development Division, Arkray, Inc., Kyoto, Japan
| | | | - Masahiro Ono
- Department of Patho-Functional Bioanalysis, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Kaori Togashi
- Department of Diagnostic Imaging and Nuclear Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Hideo Saji
- Department of Patho-Functional Bioanalysis, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Nobuya Inagaki
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
- *Correspondence: Nobuya Inagaki,
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