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Liu J, Feng Z, Gao R, Liu P, Meng F, Fan L, Liu L, Du Y. Establishment and validation of a multivariate logistic model for risk factors of thyroid nodules using lasso regression screening. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2024; 15:1346284. [PMID: 38628585 PMCID: PMC11018967 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2024.1346284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective This study aims to analyze the association between the occurrence of thyroid nodules and various factors and to establish a risk factor model for thyroid nodules. Methods The study population was divided into two groups: a group with thyroid nodules and a group without thyroid nodules. Regression with the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (Lasso) was applied to the complete dataset for variable selection. Binary logistic regression was used to analyze the relationship between various influencing factors and the prevalence of thyroid nodules. Results Based on the screening results of Lasso regression and the subsequent establishment of the Binary Logistic Regression Model on the training dataset, it was found that advanced age (OR=1.046, 95% CI: 1.033-1.060), females (OR = 1.709, 95% CI: 1.342-2.181), overweight individuals (OR = 1.546, 95% CI: 1.165-2.058), individuals with impaired fasting glucose (OR = 1.590, 95% CI: 1.193-2.122), and those with dyslipidemia (OR = 1.588, 95% CI: 1.197-2.112) were potential risk factors for thyroid nodule disease (p<0.05). The area under the curve (AUC) of the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve for the Binary Logistic Regression Model is 0.68 (95% CI: 0.64-0.72). Conclusions advanced age, females, overweight individuals, those with impaired fasting glucose, and individuals with dyslipidemia are potential risk factors for thyroid nodule disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianning Liu
- Center for Endemic Disease Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
- Key Lab of Etiology and Epidemiology, Education Bureau of Heilongjiang Province & Ministry of Health (23618504), Heilongjiang Provincial Key Lab of Trace Elements and Human Health, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Zhuoying Feng
- Department of Physical Diagnostics, Beidahuang Industry Group General Hospital, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Ru Gao
- Center for Endemic Disease Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
- Key Lab of Etiology and Epidemiology, Education Bureau of Heilongjiang Province & Ministry of Health (23618504), Heilongjiang Provincial Key Lab of Trace Elements and Human Health, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Peng Liu
- Center for Endemic Disease Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
- Key Lab of Etiology and Epidemiology, Education Bureau of Heilongjiang Province & Ministry of Health (23618504), Heilongjiang Provincial Key Lab of Trace Elements and Human Health, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Fangang Meng
- Center for Endemic Disease Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
- Key Lab of Etiology and Epidemiology, Education Bureau of Heilongjiang Province & Ministry of Health (23618504), Heilongjiang Provincial Key Lab of Trace Elements and Human Health, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Lijun Fan
- Center for Endemic Disease Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
- Key Lab of Etiology and Epidemiology, Education Bureau of Heilongjiang Province & Ministry of Health (23618504), Heilongjiang Provincial Key Lab of Trace Elements and Human Health, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Lixiang Liu
- Center for Endemic Disease Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
- Key Lab of Etiology and Epidemiology, Education Bureau of Heilongjiang Province & Ministry of Health (23618504), Heilongjiang Provincial Key Lab of Trace Elements and Human Health, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Yang Du
- Center for Endemic Disease Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
- Key Lab of Etiology and Epidemiology, Education Bureau of Heilongjiang Province & Ministry of Health (23618504), Heilongjiang Provincial Key Lab of Trace Elements and Human Health, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
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Wang P, Zhang H, Wang J, Che Y, Zhuo L, Yu M, Hu X, Li P, Geng R, Zhan S, Li B. Metabolic Disease and Risk of Thyroid Disease: Evidence from the National Nurse Health Cohort in China. Biol Res Nurs 2023; 25:627-634. [PMID: 37271585 DOI: 10.1177/10998004231177297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous studies have shown that metabolic diseases are risk factors for thyroid disease; most studies are cross-sectional design. We aimed to evaluate the causal relationship between thyroid and metabolic diseases in a cohort of Chinese nurses. METHODS We conducted an ambispective cohort study of the National Nurses' Health Study. Thyroid disease data based on ultrasonography from 2017 to 2021 were collected. We described thyroid disease incidence and the risk factors associated with a cluster of metabolic factors. We used the Mann‒Whitney U test, repeated-measures ANOVA and multivariable Cox proportional hazard regression to analyze the data. RESULTS A total of 1529 female nurses without thyroid disease were enrolled in 2017, of which, complete data were available for 1269 nurses. In 2018-2020, thyroid nodule incidence ranged from 32.8%-46.3%, thyroiditis incidence was 13.4%-14.3%, and goiter incidence was 4.1%-29.1%, thyroid adenoma and thyroid tumors incidence were 0.1%-0.5% and 1%-1.5%. We also found that NAFLAD was an independent risk factor for thyroid adenoma (p = .003). The age at diagnosis was an independent risk factor for goiter (p <. 001) and thyroid nodules (p < .001). Fasting blood glucose was an independent risk factor for thyroid tumors (p = .004). The age at diagnosis (p = .003), Body Mass Index (p = .006) and menopause (p = .031) were risk factors for thyroiditis. CONCLUSION Thyroid disease incidence among nurses is increasing. Age at diagnosis, BMI, fasting blood glucose, and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease are independent risk factors for different types of thyroid disease. This study provides evidence for future studies to further explore the pathogenesis and prevention of thyroid diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Wang
- Medical Examination Center, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Heli Zhang
- Rehabilitation Medicine Department, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Nursing Department, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Ying Che
- Medical Examination Center, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Lin Zhuo
- Research Center of Clinical Epidemiology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Miao Yu
- Nursing Department, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xianjing Hu
- School of Nursing, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Peitao Li
- Reproductive Medicine Centre, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Rongmei Geng
- Nursing Department, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Siyan Zhan
- Research Center of Clinical Epidemiology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Baohua Li
- Nursing Department, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
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An J, Kwon H, Kim YJ. The Role of Blood Microbiome in the Development of Thyroid Cancer in Breast Cancer Survivors. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:4492. [PMID: 37760462 PMCID: PMC10526815 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15184492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Revised: 09/03/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Patients diagnosed with breast cancer are likely to be diagnosed with thyroid cancer as a second primary cancer. Similarly, patients with thyroid cancer are likely to develop breast cancer. In this study, we found an association between these two types of cancers in the microbiomes of patients with breast cancer. Blood samples were collected from 96 patients with breast cancer, their bacterial extracellular vesicles were isolated, and their microbiomes were analyzed. After microbiome analysis, researchers performed thyroid function tests, estrogen levels, and thyroid ultrasound results of these patients, and the relationships among these parameters were analyzed. Based on the thyroid ultrasonography results, differences in the microbiome were confirmed in the normal, cyst, nodule, and thyroid lobectomy groups. We investigated the microbiome differences between normal thyroid and thyroid cancer. In particular, the abundance of the genus Bacillus is related to estrogen levels, which could affect thyroid abnormalities and increase thyroid-stimulating hormone levels. This study explains the causes of thyroid cancer in patients with breast cancer using microbiomes and serological tests for thyroid hormones and estrogen. These can be used as basic data for preventing thyroid cancer in patients with breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeongshin An
- Institute of Convergence Medicine Research, Ewha Womans University Mokdong Hospital, College of Medicine, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 07985, Republic of Korea
- Department of Surgery, Ewha Womans University Mokdong Hospital, College of Medicine, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 07985, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyungju Kwon
- Department of Surgery, Ewha Womans University Mokdong Hospital, College of Medicine, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 07985, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Ju Kim
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ewha Medical Institute, College of Medicine, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 07804, Republic of Korea
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Kim GJ, Han KD, Joo YH. Association of Metabolic Syndrome with the Risk of Head and Neck Cancer: A 10-Year Follow-Up Study of 10 Million Initially Healthy Individuals. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:4118. [PMID: 37627146 PMCID: PMC10452383 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15164118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Revised: 08/13/2023] [Accepted: 08/13/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this national population-based retrospective study was to analyze the relationship between MetS and the incidence of HNC. In this Korean population-based cohort study, 9,598,085 subjects above the age of 20 were monitored from 1 January 2009 to 31 December 2018. In the study population, a total of 10,732 individuals were newly diagnosed with HNC during the 10-year follow-up. The hazard ratio (HR), after adjusting for age, gender, smoking status, alcohol intake, and exercise, indicated that participants with MetS were at a 1.06-fold (95% CI: 1.01-1.10) higher risk of having HNC than those without MetS. Participants with MetS showed an increased risk of developing oral cavity cancer (HR, 1.12; 95% CI, 1.03-1.23) and laryngeal cancer (HR, 1.18; 95% CI, 1.09-1.27). Among the components of MetS, elevated fasting glucose (HR = 1.04, 95% CI: 1.00-1.08) and elevated blood pressure (HR = 1.08, 95% CI: 1.04-1.13) were significantly associated with an increased HR for HNC in an adjusted multivariable model. The association between HNC and MetS remained significant even among individuals who had never smoked or were ex-smokers (HR: 1.09; 95% CI: 1.04-1.15), as well as those who did not drink or were mild drinkers (HR: 1.07; 95% CI: 1.02-1.12). The findings of this cohort study suggest MetS was associated with an increased risk for some types of HNCs. The results of this study could assist with etiological investigations and prevention strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geun-Jeon Kim
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Republic of Korea;
| | - Kyung-Do Han
- Department of Biostatistics, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Republic of Korea;
| | - Young-Hoon Joo
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Republic of Korea;
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Palomba S, Colombo C, Busnelli A, Caserta D, Vitale G. Polycystic ovary syndrome and thyroid disorder: a comprehensive narrative review of the literature. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1251866. [PMID: 37635968 PMCID: PMC10453810 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1251866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2023] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Published data on the relationship between polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and thyroid dysfunction are sparse and confusing. Objective To comprehensively review data available in the literature regarding the relationship between PCOS and the thyroid function, and its abnormalities. Methods Nine main areas of interest were identified and analyzed according to the available evidence: 1) Evaluation of thyroid function for PCOS diagnosis; 2) Epidemiology data on thyroid function/disorders in patients with PCOS, and vice versa; 3) Experimental data supporting the relationship between thyroid function/disorders and PCOS; 4) Effects of thyroid function/disorders on PCOS features, and vice versa; 5) Effect of thyroid alterations on the cardiometabolic risk in women with PCOS; 6) Effect of thyroid abnormalities on reproductive outcomes in women with PCOS; 7) Relationship between thyroid function/abnormalities in patients with PCOS who are undergoing fertility treatment; 8) Effect of treatments for thyroid diseases on PCOS; and 9) Effect of treatments for PCOS on thyroid function. An extensive literature search for specific keywords was performed for articles published from 1970 to March 2023 using PubMed and Web of Science. Data were reported in a narrative fashion. Results PCOS is a diagnosis of exclusion for which diagnosis is possible only after excluding disorders that mimic the PCOS phenotype, including thyroid dysfunctions. However, the tests and the cutoff values used for this are not specified. Many experimental and clinical data suggest a relationship between perturbations of the thyroid function and PCOS. Direct and unequivocal evidence on the effects of thyroid function/disorders on PCOS features are lacking. High thyroid-stimulating hormone levels and subclinical hypothyroidism may be associated with significant worsening of several intermediate endpoints of cardiometabolic risk in women with PCOS. Thyroid abnormalities may worsen reproductive outcomes, especially in patients undergoing fertility treatment. To date, there are no data demonstrating the efficacy of thyroid medications on fertility and cardiometabolic risk in women with PCOS. Lifestyle modification changes, metformin, and vitamin D seem to improve thyroid function in the general population. Conclusion PCOS and thyroid disorders are closely related, and their coexistence may identify patients with a higher reproductive and metabolic risk. Regular screening for thyroid function and thyroid-specific autoantibodies in women with PCOS, particularly before and during pregnancy, is highly recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefano Palomba
- Division of Gynecology, Sant’Andrea Hospital, University “Sapienza” of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Carla Colombo
- Division of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Istituto Auxologico Italiano IRCCS, Milan, Italy
- Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Andrea Busnelli
- Department of Gynecology, Division of Gynecology and Reproductive Medicine, Fertility Center, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center-IRCCS, Rozzano, Milan, Italy
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Milan, Italy
| | - Donatella Caserta
- Division of Gynecology, Sant’Andrea Hospital, University “Sapienza” of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Giovanni Vitale
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine (BIOMETRA), University of Milan, Milan, Italy
- Laboratory of Geriatric and Oncologic Neuroendocrinology Research, Istituto Auxologico Italiano, IRCCS, Milan, Italy
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Demetriou E, Fokou M, Frangos S, Papageorgis P, Economides PA, Economides A. Thyroid Nodules and Obesity. Life (Basel) 2023; 13:1292. [PMID: 37374075 DOI: 10.3390/life13061292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2023] [Revised: 05/26/2023] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
A widely discussed topic in the pathophysiology of thyroid nodules is the role of obesity, a state that leads to increased systemic inflammatory markers. Leptin plays a vital role in forming thyroid nodules and cancer through several mechanisms. Together with chronic inflammation, there is an augmentation in the secretion of tumor necrosis factor (TNF) and the cytokine interleukin 6 (IL-6), which contributed to cancer development, progression and metastasis. In addition, leptin exerts a modulatory action in the growth, proliferation and invasion of thyroid carcinoma cell lines via activating various signal pathways, such as Janus kinase/signal transducer and activator of transcription, mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and/or phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (Akt). Through several proposed mechanisms, aberrant endogenous estrogen levels have been suggested to play a vital role in the development of both benign and malignant nodules. Metabolic syndrome triggers the development of thyroid nodules by stimulating thyroid proliferation and angiogenesis due to hyperinsulinemia, hyperglycemia and dyslipidemia. Insulin resistance influences the distribution and structure of the thyroid blood vessels. Insulin growth factor 1 (IGF-1) and insulin affect the regulation of the expression of thyroid genes and the proliferation and differentiation of thyroid cells. TSH can promote the differentiation of pre-adipocytes to mature adipocytes but also, in the presence of insulin, TSH possesses mitogenic properties. This review aims to summarize the underlying mechanisms explaining the role of obesity in the pathophysiology of thyroid nodules and discuss potential clinical implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elpida Demetriou
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, European University Cyprus, 2404 Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Maria Fokou
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, European University Cyprus, 2404 Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Savvas Frangos
- Nuclear Medicine Department and Thyroid Cancer Clinic, Bank of Cyprus Oncology Center, 2404 Nicosia, Cyprus
| | | | - Panayiotis A Economides
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, European University Cyprus, 2404 Nicosia, Cyprus
- Economides Thyroid and Endocrinology Center, Engomi, 2404 Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Aliki Economides
- Economides Thyroid and Endocrinology Center, Engomi, 2404 Nicosia, Cyprus
- Department of Health Sciences, European University Cyprus, 2404 Nicosia, Cyprus
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Rastegar H, Torshizian A, Yaghoubi MA, Khoshhal N, Asadi M, Morovatdar N, Mohebbi M. Accuracy of fine-needle aspiration cytopathology to differentiate malignant and benign thyroid nodules with ≥4 cm diameter: A retrospective study. Diagn Cytopathol 2023; 51:263-269. [PMID: 36585850 DOI: 10.1002/dc.25096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2022] [Revised: 11/28/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Thyroid nodules (TN) are commonly present in the general population and are usually pathologically benign. An initial diagnosis with fine-needle aspiration (FNA) cytopathology could help clinical decision-making with fewer complications. As the previous studies suggest surgical procedures for >4 cm TNs, we aimed to investigate the accuracy of preoperative FNA cytology to predict malignancy risk in these nodules in a sample of the Iranian population. METHODS Patients with ≥4 cm TNs who had preoperative FNA cytology, underwent nodulectomy and had a histopathological report were included. Each patient's preoperative demographic, ultrasonographic, and cytology data were gathered. After surgery, resected samples were assessed pathologically and diagnosed as benign or malignant. Finally, data were analyzed to evaluate the presurgical accuracy of the FNA cytology. RESULTS We identified 41 (51.25%) patients with malignant legions among our study population (N = 80). The pathology reports were indeterminate in 3 patients with follicular neoplasm. Bethesda scores were substantially higher in patients with malignancy. The sensitivity, specificity, and false-negative rate of FNA cytology reports using the Bethesda system were 73.7%, 74.2%, and 26.3%, respectively. There was no association between malignancy and TNs' size, neither their volume nor their highest diameter. CONCLUSION FNA cytology is not as sensitive and specific in nodules>4 cm as in smaller ones. However, it can still be used alongside other diagnostic procedures in malignancy screening. Clinicians should make more complex decisions considering various influential factors to avoid missing malignant lesions and reduce diverse probable complications of highly invasive diagnostic surgery. Further prospective research on >4 cm TNs and their multiple features' association with malignancy is required for more precise judgment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Houra Rastegar
- Student Research Committee, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Ashkan Torshizian
- Student Research Committee, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mohammad Ali Yaghoubi
- Metabolic Syndrome Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Nastaran Khoshhal
- Student Research Committee, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mehdi Asadi
- Surgical Oncology Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Negar Morovatdar
- Clinical Research Development Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Masoud Mohebbi
- Metabolic Syndrome Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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Shpakov AO, Zorina II, Derkach KV. Hot Spots for the Use of Intranasal Insulin: Cerebral Ischemia, Brain Injury, Diabetes Mellitus, Endocrine Disorders and Postoperative Delirium. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:3278. [PMID: 36834685 PMCID: PMC9962062 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24043278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2022] [Revised: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023] Open
Abstract
A decrease in the activity of the insulin signaling system of the brain, due to both central insulin resistance and insulin deficiency, leads to neurodegeneration and impaired regulation of appetite, metabolism, endocrine functions. This is due to the neuroprotective properties of brain insulin and its leading role in maintaining glucose homeostasis in the brain, as well as in the regulation of the brain signaling network responsible for the functioning of the nervous, endocrine, and other systems. One of the approaches to restore the activity of the insulin system of the brain is the use of intranasally administered insulin (INI). Currently, INI is being considered as a promising drug to treat Alzheimer's disease and mild cognitive impairment. The clinical application of INI is being developed for the treatment of other neurodegenerative diseases and improve cognitive abilities in stress, overwork, and depression. At the same time, much attention has recently been paid to the prospects of using INI for the treatment of cerebral ischemia, traumatic brain injuries, and postoperative delirium (after anesthesia), as well as diabetes mellitus and its complications, including dysfunctions in the gonadal and thyroid axes. This review is devoted to the prospects and current trends in the use of INI for the treatment of these diseases, which, although differing in etiology and pathogenesis, are characterized by impaired insulin signaling in the brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander O. Shpakov
- Sechenov Institute of Evolutionary Physiology and Biochemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 194223 St. Petersburg, Russia
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Houshyar J, Ostadrahimi A, Pourmoradian S, Faramarzi E, Tutunchi H, Mobasseri M. Associations between Lake Urmia disaster and the prevalence of thyroid nodules and metabolic syndrome: The AZAR cohort survey. Health Promot Perspect 2022; 12:310-314. [PMID: 36686051 PMCID: PMC9808905 DOI: 10.34172/hpp.2022.40] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2022] [Accepted: 07/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: In this study, we investigated the associations Lake Urmia's drought to the prevalence of thyroid nodules (TNs) and metabolic syndrome (MetS) among local inhabitants of the lake. Methods: In this cross-sectional study which was started in 2014, we collected data on 992 adults who participated in the Azar cohort study, in Shabestar county, Iran. The sociodemographic status, smoking, and medical history of the subjects living in the areas adjacent to (n = 163) and far from (n = 829) Lake Urmia were collected through questionnaires. After obtaining written consent, anthropometric factors and blood pressure (BP) were measured. The lipid profile and fasting blood glucose (FBG) of the respondents were measured using colorimetric methods, and all underwent thyroid examination and sonography. Furthermore, the size and characteristics of nodules were determined with a fine-needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB) method. Results: We did not find any significant difference in the prevalence of TNs between the two groups (P=0.44), whereas the prevalence of MetS were significantly higher among the subjects from the regions that were far from the Lake (P=0.04). After adjustment for confounding factors (age and gender) in both groups, low risk of TNs (OR=1.20, 95% CI:0.89-1.62) and high risk of TNs (OR=1.19, 95% CI:0.65-2.19) were not significantly associated to MetS (P>0.05). Conclusion: In this study, Lake Urmia's drought was identified to be with no contribution to the prevalence of TNs and MetS. Therefore, long term perspective studies are suggested to reach precise results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jalil Houshyar
- Endocrine Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Alireza Ostadrahimi
- Nutrition Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Samira Pourmoradian
- Department of Community Nutrition, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Science, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Elnaz Faramarzi
- Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Helda Tutunchi
- Endocrine Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Majid Mobasseri
- Endocrine Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran,Corresponding Author: Majid Mobasseri,
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Gobbo A, Gagliardi I, Gobbo A, Rossi R, Franceschetti P, Lupo S, Rossi M, Bondanelli M, Ambrosio MR, Zatelli MC. Glucose Metabolism Derangements and Thyroid Nodules: Does Sex Matter? J Pers Med 2022; 12:jpm12060903. [PMID: 35743689 PMCID: PMC9225610 DOI: 10.3390/jpm12060903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2022] [Revised: 05/17/2022] [Accepted: 05/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: Glucose metabolism derangements (GMD) and thyroid nodules (TNs) are the most frequent endocrine disorders, and their relationship is still controversial; little evidence is reported regarding sex differences. We aim to evaluate the association between GMDs and TNs according to sex and the sex differences in glucose metabolism and insulin sensitivity (IS). (2) Methods: We evaluated 342 patients (268 females and 74 males) at high GMD risk undergoing an oral glucose tolerance test and a thyroid ultrasound. (3) Results: The TN prevalence was 61% (n = 210), with no significant differences according to sex and GMD classes. The TN presence is significantly associated with age and impaired fasting glucose (IFG) in females. Males and females with normal fasting glucose (NFG) had a significantly lower OR of having TNs than females with IFG. IFG females had a significantly higher predicted probability of having TNs than NFG males and females but not IFG males. Impaired glucose tolerance/Type 2 diabetes mellitus (IGT/T2DM) is significantly associated with age and male sex, while IFG is associated with age. Females had significantly lower HOMA-index values than males. (4) Conclusions: No significant association between IGT/T2DM and TNs according to sex was found. IFG seems to play a role in TN development independently of sex. Further studies are needed to explore the relationship between TNs and GMD to identify subgroups with a higher TN risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alberto Gobbo
- Section of Endocrinology, Geriatrics and Internal Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, 44100 Ferrrara, Italy; (A.G.); (I.G.); (M.B.); (M.R.A.)
| | - Irene Gagliardi
- Section of Endocrinology, Geriatrics and Internal Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, 44100 Ferrrara, Italy; (A.G.); (I.G.); (M.B.); (M.R.A.)
| | - Andrea Gobbo
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, 20090 Milan, Italy;
- Department of Urology, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, 20090 Milan, Italy
| | - Roberta Rossi
- Endocrine Unit, Department of Oncology & Specialty Medicines, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria, 44100 Ferrara, Italy; (R.R.); (P.F.); (S.L.); (M.R.)
| | - Paola Franceschetti
- Endocrine Unit, Department of Oncology & Specialty Medicines, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria, 44100 Ferrara, Italy; (R.R.); (P.F.); (S.L.); (M.R.)
| | - Sabrina Lupo
- Endocrine Unit, Department of Oncology & Specialty Medicines, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria, 44100 Ferrara, Italy; (R.R.); (P.F.); (S.L.); (M.R.)
| | - Martina Rossi
- Endocrine Unit, Department of Oncology & Specialty Medicines, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria, 44100 Ferrara, Italy; (R.R.); (P.F.); (S.L.); (M.R.)
| | - Marta Bondanelli
- Section of Endocrinology, Geriatrics and Internal Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, 44100 Ferrrara, Italy; (A.G.); (I.G.); (M.B.); (M.R.A.)
- Endocrine Unit, Department of Oncology & Specialty Medicines, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria, 44100 Ferrara, Italy; (R.R.); (P.F.); (S.L.); (M.R.)
| | - Maria Rosaria Ambrosio
- Section of Endocrinology, Geriatrics and Internal Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, 44100 Ferrrara, Italy; (A.G.); (I.G.); (M.B.); (M.R.A.)
- Endocrine Unit, Department of Oncology & Specialty Medicines, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria, 44100 Ferrara, Italy; (R.R.); (P.F.); (S.L.); (M.R.)
| | - Maria Chiara Zatelli
- Section of Endocrinology, Geriatrics and Internal Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, 44100 Ferrrara, Italy; (A.G.); (I.G.); (M.B.); (M.R.A.)
- Endocrine Unit, Department of Oncology & Specialty Medicines, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria, 44100 Ferrara, Italy; (R.R.); (P.F.); (S.L.); (M.R.)
- Correspondence:
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Dong X, Li Y, Xie J, Li L, Wan Z, Kang Y, Luo Y, Wang J, Duan Y, Ding S, Cheng ASK. The prevalence of thyroid nodules and its factors among Chinese adult women: A cross-sectional study. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:967380. [PMID: 36060984 PMCID: PMC9428689 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.967380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2022] [Accepted: 07/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine the prevalence of thyroid nodules in Chinese adult women. To analyze the relationships between lifestyle, metabolic syndrome and thyroid nodules. METHODS We conducted a retrospective cross-sectional study in the tertiary hospital from 2017 to 2019. Included participants underwent thyroid color Doppler ultrasonography, lipids examination, and dietary evaluation. RESULTS Totally 2,784 participants were included, and 933 participants were found to have thyroid nodule(s) by B-ultrasound. The prevalence of thyroid nodules was 33.3%. Women in 50-59 years (OR: 1.746, 95% CI [1.356-2.249]), older than 60 (2.147 [1.540-2.993]) and occupations with mainly manual work (1.780 [1.367-2.317]) were risk factors for thyroid nodules, while moderate dietary diversity (0.624 [0.476-0.817]) and normal triglycerides level (0.739 [0.604-0.905]) were protective factors. CONCLUSION Women over 50 and those whose jobs are mainly manual should enhance screening, follow-up and health management of thyroid nodules. Higher dietary diversity is protective measures against thyroid nodules for adult women and should consider dietary balance and the food varieties, not just increased quantities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoqian Dong
- Health Management Center, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
- Xiangya Nursing School, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Ying Li
- Health Management Center, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Jianfei Xie
- Nursing Department, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
- *Correspondence: Yinglong Duan, ; Jianfei Xie,
| | - Lijun Li
- Xiangya Nursing School, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Ziyu Wan
- Xiangya Nursing School, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yue Kang
- Xiangya Nursing School, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yating Luo
- Xiangya Nursing School, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Jiangang Wang
- Health Management Center, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yinglong Duan
- Emergency Department, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
- *Correspondence: Yinglong Duan, ; Jianfei Xie,
| | - Siqing Ding
- Nursing Department, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Andy SK Cheng
- The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
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