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Zhao J, Xiang C, Tengku Fadilah TK, Luo H. The Effects of Physical Activity Interventions on Children's Perception: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. J Sports Sci Med 2024; 23:289-304. [PMID: 38841637 PMCID: PMC11149077 DOI: 10.52082/jssm.2024.289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 06/07/2024]
Abstract
Perception is an essential component of children's psychological development, which is foundational to children's ability to understand and adapt to their external environment. Perception is also a crucial tool for understand and navigating one's surroundings, enabling children to identify objects and react appropriately to settings or situations. Substantial evidence indicates that engaging in physical activity is beneficial for the development of children's perceptual abilities, as the two are closely intertwined. Still, more research is necessary to gain a full understanding of the impact of physical activity on children's perception. To further identify and quantify the effects of physical activity on a number of specific perceptions in children. Systematic review and meta-analysis. Searches were performed using five online databases (i.e., PubMed, SPORTDiscus, PsycINFO, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library) for articles published up to and including June 2023 to identify eligible citations. A total of 12 randomized controlled trials, encompassing 1,761 children under the age of 12, were analyzed. Overall, physical activity as an intervention showed a notable effect on the development of children's perceptions. The meta-analysis indicated that participating in physical activity for 30 minutes around, daily, had a greater impact on children's visual perception and executive functioning than on their motor perception, body perception, and global self-worth (SMD = 1.33, 95% CI: 0.75, 1.91, p < 0.001). The effects of physical activity on children's perception performance varied by participant characteristics, with physical activity having better effects on body perception and overall self-worth in children who were obese or overweight. Furthermore, physical activity can also enhance executive function and attention in children with developmental coordination disorders. The effects of physical activity on children's perception performance varied according to the intervention time, with different activity durations resulting in different perception performances. Therefore, parents and educators must prioritize an appropriate length of physical activity time for children to ensure their optimal growth and development. Registration and protocol CRD42023441119.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Zhao
- Faculty of Physical Education, Guangdong Technology College, Zhaoqing, China
| | - Changqing Xiang
- Department of Sport Studies, Faculty of Educational Studies, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia
| | | | - Hua Luo
- Department of Sport Studies, Faculty of Educational Studies, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia
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Yip KM, So HK, Tung KTS, Wong RS, Tso WWY, Wong ICK, Yam JC, Kwan MYW, Louie LHT, Lee A, Wong WHS, Hui LL, Nelson EAS, Ip P. Normative values of motor performance and their relationship with BMI status in Hong Kong preschoolers. Sci Rep 2024; 14:6567. [PMID: 38503868 PMCID: PMC10951261 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-57121-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2024] [Indexed: 03/21/2024] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to establish sex- and age-specific reference values for motor performance (MP) in Hong Kong preschoolers aged 3-5 years old and examine the relationship between MP and BMI status. A cross-sectional study was conducted among 5579 preschoolers in Hong Kong. Three MP tests were administered, and height and weight information were collected. GAMLSS was used to compute the normative values of the motor tests. Boys outperformed girls in activities requiring muscle strength and power, while girls outperformed boys in activities requiring balance and coordination. The MP scores increased with age for both overarm beanbag throw and standing long jump for both sexes, while the one-leg balance scores showed larger differences between P50 and P95 in older preschoolers. Children with excessive weight performed worse in standing long jump and one-leg balance compared to their healthy weight peers. This study provides valuable information on the MP of preschoolers in Hong Kong, including sex- and age-specific reference values and the association between BMI status and MP scores. These findings can serve as a reference for future studies and clinical practice and highlight the importance of promoting motor skill development in preschoolers, particularly those who are overweight or obese.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ka-Man Yip
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China
| | - Hung-Kwan So
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China
| | - Keith T S Tung
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China
| | - Rosa S Wong
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China
- Department of Special Education and Counselling, The Education University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China
| | - Winnie W Y Tso
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China
| | - Ian C K Wong
- Centre for Safe Medication Practice and Research, Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China
| | - Jason C Yam
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China
| | - Mike Y W Kwan
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Princess Margaret Hospital, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China
| | - Lobo H T Louie
- Department of Health and Physical Education, The Education University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China
| | - Albert Lee
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China
- School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China
| | - Wilfred H S Wong
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China
| | - Lai-Ling Hui
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China
| | - E A S Nelson
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China
- School of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, 518172, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Patrick Ip
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China.
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Hong Kong Children's Hospital, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China.
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Guzmán-Muñoz E, Mendez-Rebolledo G, Sazo-Rodriguez S, Salazar-Méndez J, Valdes-Badilla P, Nuñez-Espinosa C, Herrera-Valenzuela T. Quadriceps muscle reaction time in obese children. PeerJ 2024; 12:e17050. [PMID: 38436003 PMCID: PMC10909349 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.17050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to determine the influence of obesity, according to body mass index (BMI) and fat mass percentage, on quadriceps muscle reaction times. The study utilized a cross-sectional design. The sample size consisted of 42 schoolchildren (54.5% girls) aged 11 to 12 years old. Participant measurements included weight and height, which were used to categorize individuals based on BMI. Additionally, the electrical bioimpedance technique was employed to categorize participants based on their body fat percentage. A sudden destabilization test of the lower limb was performed to assess the reaction time of the rectus femoris, vastus medialis, and vastus lateralis muscles. The results show that overweight/obese children have a longer muscle reaction time for both the rectus femoris (β = 18.13; p = 0.048) and the vastus lateralis (β = 14.51; p = 0.042). Likewise, when the children were classified by percentage of body fat the results showed that overfat/obese children have a longer muscle reaction time for both the rectus femoris (β = 18.13; p = 0.048) and the vastus lateralis (β = 14.51; p = 0.042). Our results indicate that BMI and fat mass classification negativity alter the muscle reaction time in children. Overweight/obese or overfat/obese children showed longer reaction times in the rectus femoris and vastus lateralis muscles compared to children with normal weight. Based on these findings, it is suggested that in overweight and obese children, efforts not only focus on reducing body weight but that be complemented with training and/or rehabilitation programs that focus on preserving the normal physiological function of the musculoskeletal system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eduardo Guzmán-Muñoz
- School of Kinesiology, Faculty of Health, Universidad Santo Tomás, Talca, Chile
- School of Pedagogy in Physical Education, Faculty of Education, Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Talca, Chile
| | | | | | | | - Pablo Valdes-Badilla
- Department of Physical Activity Sciences, Faculty of Education Sciences, Universidad Católica del Maule, Talca, Chile
- Sports Coach Career, School of Education, Universidad de Viña del Mar, Viña del Mar, Chile
| | - Cristian Nuñez-Espinosa
- Medicine School, Universidad de Magallanes, Punta Arenas, Chile
- Teaching and Research Assistance Center, Universidad de Magallanes, Punta Arenas, Chile
| | - Tomas Herrera-Valenzuela
- Department of Physical Activity, Sports and Health Sciences, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Santiago, Chile
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Martins C, Romo-Perez V, Webster EK, Duncan M, Lemos LF, Staiano AE, Okely A, Magistro D, Carlevaro F, Bardid F, Magno F, Nobre G, Estevan I, Mota J, Ning K, Robinson LE, Lenoir M, Quan M, Valentini NC, Cross P, Jones R, Henrique R, Chen ST, Diao Y, Bandeira PR, Barnett LM. Motor Competence and Body Mass Index in the Preschool Years: A Pooled Cross-Sectional Analysis of 5545 Children from Eight Countries. Sports Med 2024; 54:505-516. [PMID: 37747664 PMCID: PMC10939976 DOI: 10.1007/s40279-023-01929-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE One in five preschool children are overweight/obese, and increased weight status over time increases the risks of poorer future health. Motor skill competence may be a protective factor, giving children the ability to participate in health-enhancing physical activity. Yet, we do not know when the relationship between motor competence and weight status first emerges or whether it is evident across the body mass index (BMI) spectrum. This study examined the association between motor skill competence and BMI in a multi-country sample of 5545 preschoolers (54.36 ± 9.15 months of age; 50.5% boys) from eight countries. METHODS Quantile regression analyses were used to explore the associations between motor skill competence (assessed using the Test of Gross Motor Development, Second/Third Edition) and quantiles of BMI (15th; 50th; 85th; and 97th percentiles), adjusted for sex, age in months, and country. RESULTS Negative associations of locomotor skills, ball skills, and overall motor skill competence with BMI percentiles (p < 0.005) were seen, which became stronger at the higher end of the BMI distribution (97th percentile). Regardless of sex, for each raw score point increase in locomotor skills, ball skills, and overall motor skill competence scores, BMI is reduced by 8.9%, 6.8%, and 5.1%, respectively, for those preschoolers at the 97th BMI percentile onwards. CONCLUSIONS Public health policies should position motor skill competence as critical for children's obesity prevention from early childhood onwards. Robust longitudinal and experimental designs are encouraged to explore a possible causal pathway between motor skill competence and BMI from early childhood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clarice Martins
- Research Centre in Physical Activity, Health and Leisure, and Laboratory for Integrative and Translational Research in Population Health, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.
- Department of Physical Education, Federal University of Paraíba, João Pessoa, Brazil.
| | - Vicente Romo-Perez
- Faculty of Education and Sports Sciences, Universidade de Vigo, Vigo, Spain
| | - E Kipling Webster
- Department of Kinesiology, Recreation, and Sport Studies, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, USA
| | - Michael Duncan
- Centre for Physical Activity, Sport and Exercise Sciences, Coventry University, Coventry, UK
| | - Luís Filipe Lemos
- Research Centre in Physical Activity, Health and Leisure, and Laboratory for Integrative and Translational Research in Population Health, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Faculty of Psychology, Education and Sport, Lusofona University, Porto, Portugal
| | | | - Anthony Okely
- School of Health and Society, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, Australia
| | - Daniele Magistro
- Department of Sport Science, School of Science and Technology, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham, UK
| | - Fabio Carlevaro
- Polo Universitario Asti Studi Superiori, Uni-Astiss, Asti, Italy
| | - Farid Bardid
- Strathclyde Institute of Education, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, UK
| | - Francesca Magno
- Polo Universitario Asti Studi Superiori, Uni-Astiss, Asti, Italy
| | - Glauber Nobre
- Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia do Ceará, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Isaac Estevan
- AFIPS Research Group, Department of Teaching of Physical Education, Arts and Music, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Jorge Mota
- Research Centre in Physical Activity, Health and Leisure, and Laboratory for Integrative and Translational Research in Population Health, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Ke Ning
- School of Physical Education and Sport, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, China
| | - Leah E Robinson
- School of Kinesiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Matthieu Lenoir
- Department of Movement and Sports Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Minghui Quan
- School of Kinesiology, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China
| | - Nadia C Valentini
- School of Physical Education, Physiotherapy and Dance, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Penny Cross
- School of Health and Society, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, Australia
| | - Rachel Jones
- School of Health and Society, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, Australia
- School of Education, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, Australia
| | - Rafael Henrique
- Department of Physical Education, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil
| | - Si-Tong Chen
- Institute for Health and Sport, Victoria University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Yucui Diao
- School of Sport, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, China
| | - Paulo R Bandeira
- Department of Physical Education, Universidade Regional do Cariri, Crato, Brazil
| | - Lisa M Barnett
- Faculty of Health, School of Health and Social Development, Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, Australia
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Beer SS, Wong Vega M. Malnutrition, sarcopenia, and frailty assessment in pediatric transplantation. Nutr Clin Pract 2024; 39:27-44. [PMID: 38088812 DOI: 10.1002/ncp.11105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2023] [Revised: 11/08/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Nutrition assessment can be challenging in children with end-stage organ disease and in those requiring an organ transplant. The effect of poor nutrition status can exert long-lasting effects on children with end-stage organ disease requiring transplantation. Malnutrition, sarcopenia, and frailty are conditions that require provision of optimal nutrition to prevent or support the treatment of these conditions. Unfortunately, the literature on the assessment of malnutrition, sarcopenia, and frailty in pediatric end-stage organ disease is scarce, thus leading to confusion on how to effectively identify them. Recently, the addition of a variety of validated nutrition and functional assessment techniques has assisted with appropriate assessment of these conditions. The objective of this narrative review is to provide an overview of the current literature for pediatric assessment of malnutrition, sarcopenia, and frailty in the setting of solid organ transplantation and provide practicing nutrition clinicians a solid foundation for learning how to effectively assess these conditions with the current literature available.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stacey Silver Beer
- Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Molly Wong Vega
- Renal Section, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
- Department of Health and Human Performance, University of Houston, Houston, Texas, USA
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Vandoni M, Marin L, Cavallo C, Gatti A, Grazi R, Albanese I, Taranto S, Silvestri D, Di Carlo E, Patanè P, Carnevale Pellino V, Zuccotti G, Calcaterra V. Poor Motor Competence Affects Functional Capacities and Healthcare in Children and Adolescents with Obesity. Sports (Basel) 2024; 12:44. [PMID: 38393264 PMCID: PMC10891969 DOI: 10.3390/sports12020044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2023] [Revised: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND From a young age, children learn different motor skills known as fundamental motor skills. The acquisition of these skills is crucial for the future development of context-tailored actions that could improve adherence to physical activity (PA) practice. Motor competence and function deficits have been associated with pediatric obesity. We reviewed the literature data regarding motor competence in pediatrics and impaired motor performance in children and adolescents with obesity. METHODS We assessed the abstracts of the available literature (n = 110) and reviewed the full texts of potentially relevant articles (n = 65) that were analyzed to provide a critical discussion. RESULTS Children and adolescents with obesity show impaired motor performance, executive functions, postural control, and motor coordination. Children's age represents a crucial point in the development of motor skills. Early interventions are crucial to preventing declines in motor proficiency and impacting children's PA and overall fitness levels. CONCLUSIONS To involve children, the PA protocol must be fun and tailored in consideration of several aspects, such as clinical picture, level of physical fitness, and motor skills. A supervised adapted exercise program is useful to personalized PA programs from an early pediatric age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matteo Vandoni
- Laboratory of Adapted Motor Activity (LAMA)—Department of Public Health, Experimental Medicine and Forensic Science, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (M.V.); (L.M.); (A.G.); (I.A.); (P.P.)
| | - Luca Marin
- Laboratory of Adapted Motor Activity (LAMA)—Department of Public Health, Experimental Medicine and Forensic Science, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (M.V.); (L.M.); (A.G.); (I.A.); (P.P.)
- Department of Research, ASOMI College of Sciences, 2080 Marsa, Malta;
| | - Caterina Cavallo
- Department of Sport and Exercise Science, LUNEX International University of Health, Exercise and Sports, 50, Avenue du Parc des Sports, 4671 Differdange, Luxembourg;
| | - Alessandro Gatti
- Laboratory of Adapted Motor Activity (LAMA)—Department of Public Health, Experimental Medicine and Forensic Science, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (M.V.); (L.M.); (A.G.); (I.A.); (P.P.)
| | - Roberta Grazi
- Pediatric Department, Buzzi Children’s Hospital, 20154 Milan, Italy; (R.G.); (S.T.); (E.D.C.); (G.Z.); (V.C.)
| | - Ilaria Albanese
- Laboratory of Adapted Motor Activity (LAMA)—Department of Public Health, Experimental Medicine and Forensic Science, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (M.V.); (L.M.); (A.G.); (I.A.); (P.P.)
- Industrial Engineering Department, University of Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Silvia Taranto
- Pediatric Department, Buzzi Children’s Hospital, 20154 Milan, Italy; (R.G.); (S.T.); (E.D.C.); (G.Z.); (V.C.)
| | - Dario Silvestri
- Department of Research, ASOMI College of Sciences, 2080 Marsa, Malta;
| | - Eleonora Di Carlo
- Pediatric Department, Buzzi Children’s Hospital, 20154 Milan, Italy; (R.G.); (S.T.); (E.D.C.); (G.Z.); (V.C.)
| | - Pamela Patanè
- Laboratory of Adapted Motor Activity (LAMA)—Department of Public Health, Experimental Medicine and Forensic Science, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (M.V.); (L.M.); (A.G.); (I.A.); (P.P.)
- Industrial Engineering Department, University of Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Vittoria Carnevale Pellino
- Laboratory of Adapted Motor Activity (LAMA)—Department of Public Health, Experimental Medicine and Forensic Science, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (M.V.); (L.M.); (A.G.); (I.A.); (P.P.)
| | - Gianvincenzo Zuccotti
- Pediatric Department, Buzzi Children’s Hospital, 20154 Milan, Italy; (R.G.); (S.T.); (E.D.C.); (G.Z.); (V.C.)
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Science, University of Milan, 20157 Milan, Italy
| | - Valeria Calcaterra
- Pediatric Department, Buzzi Children’s Hospital, 20154 Milan, Italy; (R.G.); (S.T.); (E.D.C.); (G.Z.); (V.C.)
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
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Errisuriz VL, Parra-Medina D, Liang Y, Howard JT, Li S, Sosa E, Ullevig SL, Estrada-Coats VM, Yin Z. ¡Miranos! An 8-Month Comprehensive Preschool Obesity Prevention Program in Low-Income Latino Children: Effects on Children's Gross Motor Development. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:6974. [PMID: 37947532 PMCID: PMC10647584 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20216974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Revised: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
Organized childcare is an ideal setting to promote gross motor development in young children from low-income minority families. A three-group clustered randomized controlled trial was conducted in Head Start centers serving low-income Latino children to evaluate the impact of an 8-month comprehensive obesity-prevention intervention on children's percentile scores for locomotive skills (LS pctl) and ball skills (BS pctl), and general motor quotient (GMQ). Trained Head Start staff delivered the center-based intervention (CBI) to modify center physical activity and nutrition policies, staff practices, and child behaviors, while the home-based intervention (HBI) offered training and support to parents for obesity prevention at home. Participants were 3-year-old children (n = 310; 87% Latino; 58% female) enrolled in Head Start centers in South Texas. Twelve centers were randomized (1:1:1 ratio) to receive CBI, CBI and HBI (CBI + HBI), or control treatment. Posttest data were collected from 79.1% of participants. All gross motor development measures improved significantly for children in CBI compared to the control, while children in CBI + HBI only showed improvement for GMQ (p = 0.09) and LS pctl (p < 0.001) compared to the control. A comprehensive and culturally competent intervention targeting childcare centers and children's homes was effective at improving children's gross motor development and reducing disparities in child development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanessa L. Errisuriz
- Department of Public Health, Santa Clara University, 500 El Camino Real, Santa Clara, CA 95053, USA;
| | - Deborah Parra-Medina
- Latino Research Institute, University of Texas at Austin, 210 W. 24th Street, Austin, TX 78712, USA
| | - Yuanyuan Liang
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Maryland School of Medicine, 660 W. Redwood Street, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA;
| | - Jeffrey T. Howard
- Department of Public Health, University of Texas at San Antonio, One UTSA Circle, San Antonio, TX 78249, USA; (J.T.H.); (E.S.); (V.M.E.-C.); (Z.Y.)
| | - Shiyu Li
- School of Nursing, UT Health San Antonio, 7703 Floyd Curl Dr, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA;
| | - Erica Sosa
- Department of Public Health, University of Texas at San Antonio, One UTSA Circle, San Antonio, TX 78249, USA; (J.T.H.); (E.S.); (V.M.E.-C.); (Z.Y.)
| | - Sarah L. Ullevig
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, University of Texas at San Antonio, One UTSA Circle, San Antonio, TX 78249, USA;
| | - Vanessa M. Estrada-Coats
- Department of Public Health, University of Texas at San Antonio, One UTSA Circle, San Antonio, TX 78249, USA; (J.T.H.); (E.S.); (V.M.E.-C.); (Z.Y.)
| | - Zenong Yin
- Department of Public Health, University of Texas at San Antonio, One UTSA Circle, San Antonio, TX 78249, USA; (J.T.H.); (E.S.); (V.M.E.-C.); (Z.Y.)
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Azevedo N, Ribeiro JC, Machado L. Back pain in children and adolescents: a cross-sectional study. EUROPEAN SPINE JOURNAL : OFFICIAL PUBLICATION OF THE EUROPEAN SPINE SOCIETY, THE EUROPEAN SPINAL DEFORMITY SOCIETY, AND THE EUROPEAN SECTION OF THE CERVICAL SPINE RESEARCH SOCIETY 2023; 32:3280-3289. [PMID: 37156852 DOI: 10.1007/s00586-023-07751-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Revised: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Back pain is a growing problem worldwide, not only in adults but also in children. Therefore, it is becoming increasingly important to investigate and understand the factors that influence the early onset of back pain. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of back pain in children and adolescents and to identify predisposing risk factors and protective factors. METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted between October and December 2019 in schools from northern Portugal, evaluating 1463 students aged 9 to 19 years, of both genders. The instruments used were the Spinal Mouse® to assess posture, the Inbody 230® to assess body composition, an online questionnaire to characterize the sample and back pain, and the FITescola® battery test to access physical fitness. RESULTS Half of the subjects experienced back pain at least once in their lifetime. The most frequently mentioned were lumbar spine and thoracic spine, mostly with mild or moderate pain intensities. Age, female gender, percent body fat, prolonged smartphone and computer use, hyperkyphosis, and the lateral global spine tilt to the left side are all factors with higher relative risk of back pain. Practicing physical activity or sports regularly and video games have a protective effect. CONCLUSION The prevalence of back pain in children and adolescents is very high: The study enhances the case for protective factors such as physical activity habits or video games while reinforcing risk factors such as percent body fat, prolonged smartphone or computer use, and posture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nelson Azevedo
- CICS, ISAVE, Faculdade de Desporto da Universidade do Porto, 4200-450, Porto, Portugal.
| | - José Carlos Ribeiro
- CIAFEL, ITR, Faculdade de Desporto da Universidade do Porto, 4200-450, Porto, Portugal
| | - Leandro Machado
- CIFI2D, LABIOMEP, Faculdade de Desporto da Universidade do Porto, 4200-450, Porto, Portugal
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9
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Zhou L, Liang W, He Y, Duan Y, Rhodes RE, Lippke S, Baker JS, Liang Y, Han L, Liu WX, Liu Q. A school-family blended multi-component physical activity program for Fundamental Motor Skills Promotion Program for Obese Children (FMSPPOC): protocol for a cluster randomized controlled trial. BMC Public Health 2023; 23:369. [PMID: 36803486 PMCID: PMC9942318 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-023-15210-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Accepted: 02/03/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Fundamental motor skills (FMSs) are crucial for children's health and comprehensive development. Obese children often encounter a considerable challenge in the development of FMSs. School-family blended PA programs are considered a potentially effective approach to improve FMSs and health-related outcomes among obese children, however, empirical evidence is still limited. Therefore, this paper aims to describe the development, implementation, and evaluation of a 24-week school-family blended multi-component PA intervention program for promoting FMSs and health among Chinese obese children, namely the Fundamental Motor Skills Promotion Program for Obese Children (FMSPPOC) employing behavioral change techniques (BCTs) and building on the Multi-Process Action Control (M-PAC) framework as well as using the Reach, Effectiveness, Adoption, Implementation, and Maintenance (RE-AIM) framework for improving and evaluating the program. METHODS Using a cluster randomized controlled trial (CRCT), 168 Chinese obese children (8-12 years) from 24 classes of six primary schools will be recruited and randomly assigned to one of two groups by a cluster randomization, including a 24-week FMSPPOC intervention group and a non-treatment waiting-list control group. The FMSPPOC program includes a 12-week initiation phase and a 12-week maintenance phase. School-based PA training sessions (2 sessions/week, 90 min each session) and family-based PA assignments (at least three times per week, 30 min each time) will be implemented in the initiation phase (semester time), while three 60-min offline workshops and three 60-min online webinars will be conducted in the maintenance phase (summer holiday). The implementation evaluation will be undertaken according to the RE-AIM framework. For intervention effectiveness evaluation, primary outcome (FMSs: gross motor skills, manual dexterity and balance) and secondary outcomes (health behaviors, physical fitness, perceived motor competence, perceived well-being, M-PAC components, anthropometric and body composition measures) will be collected at four time-points: at baseline, 12-week mid-intervention, 24-week post-intervention, and 6-month follow-up occasions. DISCUSSION The FMSPPOC program will provide new insights into the design, implementation, and evaluation of FMSs promotion among obese children. The research findings will also supplement empirical evidence, understanding of potential mechanisms, and practical experience for future research, health services, and policymaking. TRIAL REGISTRATION Chinese Clinical Trial Registry; ChiCTR2200066143; 25 Nov 2022.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Zhou
- grid.256884.50000 0004 0605 1239School of Physical Education, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, China ,Key Laboratory of Measurement and Evaluation in Exercise Bioinformation of Hebei Province, Hebei, Wuhan, China
| | - Wei Liang
- grid.263488.30000 0001 0472 9649College of Physical Education, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China ,grid.221309.b0000 0004 1764 5980Department of Sport, Physical Education and Health; Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Yuxiu He
- School of Physical Education, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, China. .,Key Laboratory of Measurement and Evaluation in Exercise Bioinformation of Hebei Province, Hebei, Wuhan, China.
| | - Yanping Duan
- grid.221309.b0000 0004 1764 5980Department of Sport, Physical Education and Health; Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Ryan E. Rhodes
- grid.143640.40000 0004 1936 9465School of Exercise Science, Physical and Health Education, University of Victoria, Victoria, Canada
| | - Sonia Lippke
- grid.7704.40000 0001 2297 4381Constructor University Bremen (formerly known as Jacobs University Bremen), Bremen, Germany
| | - Julien S. Baker
- grid.221309.b0000 0004 1764 5980Department of Sport, Physical Education and Health; Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Yu Liang
- grid.256884.50000 0004 0605 1239School of Physical Education, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, China ,Key Laboratory of Measurement and Evaluation in Exercise Bioinformation of Hebei Province, Hebei, Wuhan, China
| | - Lin Han
- Shenzhen Sports School, Shenzhen, China ,grid.419993.f0000 0004 1799 6254The Education University of Hong Kong, Ting Kok, Hong Kong
| | - Wan Xin Liu
- grid.256884.50000 0004 0605 1239School of Physical Education, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, China ,Key Laboratory of Measurement and Evaluation in Exercise Bioinformation of Hebei Province, Hebei, Wuhan, China
| | - Qi Liu
- grid.256884.50000 0004 0605 1239School of Physical Education, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, China ,Key Laboratory of Measurement and Evaluation in Exercise Bioinformation of Hebei Province, Hebei, Wuhan, China
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10
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Chang X, Chua KY, Ng FL, Wang L, Liu J, Yuan JM, Khor CC, Heng CK, Dorajoo R, Koh WP. Increased BMI and late-life mobility dysfunction; overlap of genetic effects in brain regions. Int J Obes (Lond) 2023; 47:358-364. [PMID: 36788305 DOI: 10.1038/s41366-023-01275-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2022] [Revised: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND How obesity earlier in life impacts upon mobility dysfunctions in late life is not well understood. Pernicious effects of excess weight on the musculoskeletal system and mobility dysfunctions are well-recognized. However, increasingly more data support the link of obesity to overall motor defects that are regulated in the brain. OBJECTIVES To assess the causal relationship between body mass index (BMI) at midlife and performance of the Timed Up-and-Go test (TUG) in late life among a population-based longitudinal cohort of Chinese adults living in Singapore. METHODS We evaluated genetic predispositions for BMI in 8342 participants who were followed up from measurement of BMI at average 53 years, to TUG test (as a functional mobility measure) 20 years later. RESULTS A robust 75.83% of genetically determined BMI effects on late-life TUG scores were mediated through midlife BMI (Pindirect-effect = 9.24 × 10-21). Utilizing Mendelian randomization, we demonstrated a causal effect between BMI and functional mobility in late life (βIVW = 0.180, PIVW = 0.001). Secondary gene enrichment evaluations highlighted down-regulation of genes at BMI risk loci that were correlated with poorer functional mobility in the substantia nigra and amygdala regions as compared to all other tissues. These genes also exhibit differential expression patterns during human brain development. CONCLUSIONS We report a causal effect of obesity on mobility dysfunction. Our findings highlight potential neuronal dysfunctions in regulating predispositions on the causal pathway from obesity to mobility dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuling Chang
- Department of Paediatrics, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 119228, Singapore.,Khoo Teck Puat - National University Children's Medical Institute, National University Health System, Singapore, 119074, Singapore.,Department of Infectious Diseases, The University of Melbourne, The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, 3000, VIC, Australia
| | - Kevin Yiqiang Chua
- Integrative Sciences and Engineering Programme, NUS Graduate School, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 119077, Singapore
| | - Fang Lin Ng
- Department of Paediatrics, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 119228, Singapore.,Khoo Teck Puat - National University Children's Medical Institute, National University Health System, Singapore, 119074, Singapore
| | - Ling Wang
- Genome Institute of Singapore, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore, 138672, Singapore
| | - Jianjun Liu
- Genome Institute of Singapore, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore, 138672, Singapore.,Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117597, Singapore
| | - Jian-Min Yuan
- Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15232, USA.,Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15261, USA
| | - Chiea-Chuen Khor
- Genome Institute of Singapore, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore, 138672, Singapore.,Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore, 169856, Singapore
| | - Chew-Kiat Heng
- Department of Paediatrics, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 119228, Singapore. .,Khoo Teck Puat - National University Children's Medical Institute, National University Health System, Singapore, 119074, Singapore.
| | - Rajkumar Dorajoo
- Genome Institute of Singapore, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore, 138672, Singapore. .,Health Systems and Services Research, Duke-NUS Medical School Singapore, Singapore, 169857, Singapore.
| | - Woon-Puay Koh
- Healthy Longevity Translational Research Programme, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117545, Singapore.,Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, 117609, Singapore
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11
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胡 宁, 贺 苗, 李 玉, 王 仁, 杨 静, 李 婉, 林 素. [Correlation of neck circumference with body mass index in preschool children]. ZHONGGUO DANG DAI ER KE ZA ZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF CONTEMPORARY PEDIATRICS 2022; 24:1042-1046. [PMID: 36111724 PMCID: PMC9495231 DOI: 10.7499/j.issn.1008-8830.2203072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2022] [Accepted: 07/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To study the correlation between neck circumference and body mass index and the value of neck circumference in identifying overweight and obesity in preschool children. METHODS The stratified cluster sampling method was used to recruit 3 719 children under 7 years from 10 kindergartens in Urumqi, China. General data were collected, and physical measurements were performed. A Pearson correlation analysis was used to evaluate the correlation between neck circumference and body mass index. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to assess the accuracy of neck circumference in identifying overweight/obesity. The Kappa consistency test was used to assess the consistency of neck circumference and body mass index in identifying overweight/obesity. RESULTS There was a positive correlation between neck circumference and body mass index in boys and girls of all ages (r≥0.50, P<0.001). According to body mass index as the criteria for overweight/obesity, the children were divided into an overweight/obesity group and a non-overweight/obesity group, and the analysis showed that the overweight/obesity group had a significantly larger neck circumference than the non-overweight/obesity group (P<0.001). The ROC curve analysis showed that neck circumference had an area under the ROC curve of >0.7 in identifying overweight/obesity for boys and girls. The Kappa consistency test showed that the neck circumference and body mass index had a Kappa value of >0.40 in identifying overweight/obesity in boys and girls of all ages. CONCLUSIONS Neck circumference is positively correlated to body mass index, and neck circumference can be used to identify overweight/obesity in preschool children.
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12
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Fernandes AC, Viegas ÂA, Lacerda ACR, Nobre JNP, Morais RLDS, Figueiredo PHS, Costa HS, Camargos ACR, Ferreira FDO, de Freitas PM, Santos T, da Silva Júnior FA, Bernardo-Filho M, Taiar R, Sartorio A, Mendonça VA. Association between executive functions and gross motor skills in overweight/obese and eutrophic preschoolers: cross-sectional study. BMC Pediatr 2022; 22:498. [PMID: 35999515 PMCID: PMC9400322 DOI: 10.1186/s12887-022-03553-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2021] [Accepted: 08/10/2022] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Preschool age (3–5 years old) is a crucial period for children to acquire gross motor skills and develop executive functions (EFs). However, the association between the qualitative gross motor skills and EFs remains unknown in preschoolers, especially among overweight and obese children. Methods This was a cross-sectional, exploratory, and quantitative study carried out on 49 preschool children, divided into two subgroups according to their body mass index (overweight/obese: 24; eutrophic [normal weight]: 25). The mean age was 4.59 years. More than half of the sample were boys (55%) and most of the mothers had completed high school (67%) and were class C socioeconomic level (63%). Gross motor skills were assessed using the Test of Gross Motor Development-2, while EFs were evaluated using Semantic verbal fluency (SVF), Tower of Hanoi (TH), Day/Night Stroop, and Delayed Gratification tests. Multiple linear regression models adjusted for sex, age, maternal education, socioeconomic status, quality of the home environment, and quality of the school environment using the stepwise method were executed, considering the cognitive tasks as independent variables and gross motor skills as dependent variable. Results The overweight/obese preschoolers showed worse locomotor skills than their eutrophic peers and below average gross motor quotient (GMQ). Overweight/obese girls performed worse in OC skills than boys with excess weight. SVF (number of errors) and TH (rule breaks) explained 57.8% of the variance in object control (OC) skills and 40.5% of the variance in GMQ (p < .05) in the overweight/obese children. Surprisingly, there was no significant association between any of the EF tasks and gross motor skills in the eutrophic children. Conclusion A relationship between EF tasks (number of errors in SVF and rule breaks in TH) and gross motor skills (OC and GMQ) was demonstrated in the overweight/obese preschoolers, indicating that worse cognitive flexibility, working memory, planning, and problem solving are associated with worse gross motor skills in this population when compared to eutrophic children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda Cristina Fernandes
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Reabilitação e Desempenho Funcional (PPGReab), Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri (UFVJM), Campus JK - Rodovia MGT - 367 - Km 583, N°. 5000 - Alto da Jacuba / ZIP, Diamantina, Minas Gerais, 39100-000, Brazil
| | - Ângela Alves Viegas
- Programa de Pós-Graduação Multicêntrico em Ciências Fisiológicas (PPGMCF), Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri (UFVJM), Diamantina, Minas Gerais, Brazil.,Centro Integrado de Pesquisa e Pós-Graduação em Saúde (CIPq saúde), Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri (UFVJM), Diamantina, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Ana Cristina Rodrigues Lacerda
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Reabilitação e Desempenho Funcional (PPGReab), Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri (UFVJM), Campus JK - Rodovia MGT - 367 - Km 583, N°. 5000 - Alto da Jacuba / ZIP, Diamantina, Minas Gerais, 39100-000, Brazil.,Programa de Pós-Graduação Multicêntrico em Ciências Fisiológicas (PPGMCF), Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri (UFVJM), Diamantina, Minas Gerais, Brazil.,Centro Integrado de Pesquisa e Pós-Graduação em Saúde (CIPq saúde), Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri (UFVJM), Diamantina, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Juliana Nogueira Pontes Nobre
- Programa de Pós-Graduação Multicêntrico em Ciências Fisiológicas (PPGMCF), Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri (UFVJM), Diamantina, Minas Gerais, Brazil.,Centro Integrado de Pesquisa e Pós-Graduação em Saúde (CIPq saúde), Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri (UFVJM), Diamantina, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Rosane Luzia De Souza Morais
- Programa de Pós-Graduação Saúde, Sociedade e Ambiente (PPGSaSA), Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri (UFVJM), Diamantina, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Pedro Henrique Scheidt Figueiredo
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Reabilitação e Desempenho Funcional (PPGReab), Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri (UFVJM), Campus JK - Rodovia MGT - 367 - Km 583, N°. 5000 - Alto da Jacuba / ZIP, Diamantina, Minas Gerais, 39100-000, Brazil.,Centro Integrado de Pesquisa e Pós-Graduação em Saúde (CIPq saúde), Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri (UFVJM), Diamantina, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Henrique Silveira Costa
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Reabilitação e Desempenho Funcional (PPGReab), Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri (UFVJM), Campus JK - Rodovia MGT - 367 - Km 583, N°. 5000 - Alto da Jacuba / ZIP, Diamantina, Minas Gerais, 39100-000, Brazil.,Centro Integrado de Pesquisa e Pós-Graduação em Saúde (CIPq saúde), Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri (UFVJM), Diamantina, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Ana Cristina Resende Camargos
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Reabilitação, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | | | - Patrícia Martins de Freitas
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Psicologia da Saúde (PPGPSI), Instituto Multidisciplinar em Saúde da Universidade Federal da Bahia (UFBA), Vitória da Conquista, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Thiago Santos
- Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri (UFVJM), Diamantina, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Fidelis Antônio da Silva Júnior
- Centro Integrado de Pesquisa e Pós-Graduação em Saúde (CIPq saúde), Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri (UFVJM), Diamantina, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Mário Bernardo-Filho
- Laboratório de Vibrações Mecânicas e Práticas Integrativas - LAVIMPI, Departamento de Biofísica e Biometria, Instituto de Biologia Roberto Alcântara Gomes and Policlínica Piquet Carneiro, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (UERJ), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Redha Taiar
- Université de Reims Champagne Ardenne, MATIM, 51100, Reims, France
| | - Alessandro Sartorio
- Istituto Auxologico Italiano, IRCCS, Division of Auxology and Metabolic Diseases & Experimental Laboratory for Auxo-endocrinological Research, Piancavallo-Verbania, Italy
| | - Vanessa Amaral Mendonça
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Reabilitação e Desempenho Funcional (PPGReab), Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri (UFVJM), Campus JK - Rodovia MGT - 367 - Km 583, N°. 5000 - Alto da Jacuba / ZIP, Diamantina, Minas Gerais, 39100-000, Brazil. .,Programa de Pós-Graduação Multicêntrico em Ciências Fisiológicas (PPGMCF), Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri (UFVJM), Diamantina, Minas Gerais, Brazil. .,Centro Integrado de Pesquisa e Pós-Graduação em Saúde (CIPq saúde), Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri (UFVJM), Diamantina, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
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