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McCraw AJ, Palhares LCGF, Hendel JL, Gardner RA, Santaolalla A, Crescioli S, McDonnell J, Van Hemelrijck M, Chenoweth A, Spencer DIR, Wagner GK, Karagiannis SN. IgE glycosylation and impact on structure and function: A systematic review. Allergy 2024. [PMID: 39099223 DOI: 10.1111/all.16259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2024] [Revised: 06/20/2024] [Accepted: 07/21/2024] [Indexed: 08/06/2024]
Abstract
The impact of human IgE glycosylation on structure, function and disease mechanisms is not fully elucidated, and heterogeneity in different studies renders drawing conclusions challenging. Previous reviews discussed IgE glycosylation focusing on specific topics such as health versus disease, FcεR binding or impact on function. We present the first systematic review of human IgE glycosylation conducted utilizing the PRISMA guidelines. We sought to define the current consensus concerning the roles of glycosylation on structure, biology and disease. Despite diverse analytical methodologies, source, expression systems and the sparsity of data on IgE antibodies from non-allergic individuals, collectively evidence suggests differential glycosylation profiles, particularly in allergic diseases compared with healthy states, and indicates functional impact, and contributions to IgE-mediated hypersensitivities and atopic diseases. Beyond allergic diseases, dysregulated terminal glycan structures, including sialic acid, may regulate IgE metabolism. Glycan sites such as N394 may contribute to stabilizing IgE structure, with alterations in these glycans likely influencing both structure and IgE-FcεR interactions. This systematic review therefore highlights critical IgE glycosylation attributes in health and disease that may be exploitable for therapeutic intervention, and the need for novel analytics to explore pertinent research avenues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra J McCraw
- St. John's Institute of Dermatology, School of Basic & Medical Biosciences & KHP Centre for Translational Medicine, Guy's Hospital, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Lais C G F Palhares
- St. John's Institute of Dermatology, School of Basic & Medical Biosciences & KHP Centre for Translational Medicine, Guy's Hospital, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Jenifer L Hendel
- Department of Chemistry, Trent University, Peterborough, Ontario, Canada
| | | | - Aida Santaolalla
- Translational Oncology & Urology Research (TOUR), School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical Sciences, King's College, London, UK
| | - Silvia Crescioli
- St. John's Institute of Dermatology, School of Basic & Medical Biosciences & KHP Centre for Translational Medicine, Guy's Hospital, King's College London, London, UK
| | - James McDonnell
- Randall Centre for Cell and Molecular Biophysics, School of Basic & Medical Biosciences, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Mieke Van Hemelrijck
- Translational Oncology & Urology Research (TOUR), School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical Sciences, King's College, London, UK
| | - Alicia Chenoweth
- St. John's Institute of Dermatology, School of Basic & Medical Biosciences & KHP Centre for Translational Medicine, Guy's Hospital, King's College London, London, UK
- Breast Cancer Now Research Unit, School of Cancer & Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guy's Cancer Centre, King's College London, London, UK
| | | | - Gerd K Wagner
- St. John's Institute of Dermatology, School of Basic & Medical Biosciences & KHP Centre for Translational Medicine, Guy's Hospital, King's College London, London, UK
- School of Pharmacy, Medical Biology Centre, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK
| | - Sophia N Karagiannis
- St. John's Institute of Dermatology, School of Basic & Medical Biosciences & KHP Centre for Translational Medicine, Guy's Hospital, King's College London, London, UK
- Breast Cancer Now Research Unit, School of Cancer & Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guy's Cancer Centre, King's College London, London, UK
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Vogel M, Engeroff P. A Comparison of Natural and Therapeutic Anti-IgE Antibodies. Antibodies (Basel) 2024; 13:58. [PMID: 39051334 PMCID: PMC11270207 DOI: 10.3390/antib13030058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2024] [Revised: 06/17/2024] [Accepted: 07/09/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Immunoglobulin E (IgE) plays a critical role for the immune system, fighting against parasites, toxins, and cancer. However, when it reacts to allergens without proper regulation, it can cause allergic reactions, including anaphylaxis, through a process initiated by effector cells such as basophils and mast cells. These cells display IgE on their surface, bound to the high-affinity IgE receptor FcεRI. A cross-linking antigen then triggers degranulation and the release of inflammatory mediators from the cells. Therapeutic monoclonal anti-IgE antibodies such as omalizumab, disrupt this process and are used to manage IgE-related conditions such as severe allergic asthma and chronic spontaneous urticaria. Interestingly, naturally occurring anti-IgE autoantibodies circulate at surprisingly high levels in healthy humans and mice and may thus be instrumental in regulating IgE activity. Although many open questions remain, recent studies have shed new light on their role as IgE regulators and their mechanism of action. Here, we summarize the latest insights on natural anti-IgE autoantibodies, and we compare their functional features to therapeutic monoclonal anti-IgE autoantibodies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monique Vogel
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, University Hosptial of Bern, 3010 Bern, Switzerland;
- Department for BioMedical Research, University of Bern, 3012 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Paul Engeroff
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, University Hosptial of Bern, 3010 Bern, Switzerland;
- Department for BioMedical Research, University of Bern, 3012 Bern, Switzerland
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Mohammad A, Laboulaye MA, Shenhar C, Dobberfuhl AD. Mechanisms of oxidative stress in interstitial cystitis/bladder pain syndrome. Nat Rev Urol 2024; 21:433-449. [PMID: 38326514 DOI: 10.1038/s41585-023-00850-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Abstract
Interstitial cystitis/bladder pain syndrome (IC/BPS) is characterized by bladder and/or pelvic pain, increased urinary urgency and frequency and nocturia. The pathophysiology of IC/BPS is poorly understood, and theories include chronic inflammation, autoimmune dysregulation, bacterial cystitis, urothelial dysfunction, deficiency of the glycosaminoglycan (GAG) barrier and urine cytotoxicity. Multiple treatment options exist, including behavioural interventions, oral medications, intravesical instillations and procedures such as hydrodistension; however, many clinical trials fail, and patients experience an unsatisfactory treatment response, likely owing to IC/BPS phenotype heterogeneity and the use of non-targeted interventions. Oxidative stress is implicated in the pathogenesis of IC/BPS as reactive oxygen species impair bladder function via their involvement in multiple molecular mechanisms. Kinase signalling pathways, nociceptive receptors, mast-cell activation, urothelial dysregulation and circadian rhythm disturbance have all been linked to reactive oxygen species and IC/BPS. However, further research is necessary to fully uncover the role of oxidative stress in the pathways driving IC/BPS pathogenesis. The development of new models in which these pathways can be manipulated will aid this research and enable further investigation of promising therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashu Mohammad
- Department of Urology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - Mallory A Laboulaye
- Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Chen Shenhar
- Department of Urology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - Amy D Dobberfuhl
- Department of Urology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA, USA.
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4
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Perera DJ, Koger-Pease C, Paulini K, Daoudi M, Ndao M. Beyond schistosomiasis: unraveling co-infections and altered immunity. Clin Microbiol Rev 2024; 37:e0009823. [PMID: 38319102 PMCID: PMC10938899 DOI: 10.1128/cmr.00098-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Schistosomiasis is a neglected tropical disease caused by the helminth Schistosoma spp. and has the second highest global impact of all parasites. Schistosoma are transmitted through contact with contaminated fresh water predominantly in Africa, Asia, the Middle East, and South America. Due to the widespread prevalence of Schistosoma, co-infection with other infectious agents is common but often poorly described. Herein, we review recent literature describing the impact of Schistosoma co-infection between species and Schistosoma co-infection with blood-borne protozoa, soil-transmitted helminths, various intestinal protozoa, Mycobacterium, Salmonella, various urinary tract infection-causing agents, and viral pathogens. In each case, disease severity and, of particular interest, the immune landscape, are altered as a consequence of co-infection. Understanding the impact of schistosomiasis co-infections will be important when considering treatment strategies and vaccine development moving forward.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dilhan J. Perera
- Division of Experimental Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
- Infectious Diseases and Immunity in Global Health Program, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Canada
| | - Cal Koger-Pease
- Division of Experimental Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
- Infectious Diseases and Immunity in Global Health Program, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Canada
| | - Kayla Paulini
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - Mohamed Daoudi
- Infectious Diseases and Immunity in Global Health Program, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Canada
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - Momar Ndao
- Division of Experimental Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
- Infectious Diseases and Immunity in Global Health Program, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Canada
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
- National Reference Centre for Parasitology, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Canada
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Gordon CA, Utzinger J, Muhi S, Becker SL, Keiser J, Khieu V, Gray DJ. Strongyloidiasis. Nat Rev Dis Primers 2024; 10:6. [PMID: 38272922 DOI: 10.1038/s41572-023-00490-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2024]
Abstract
Strongyloidiasis is a neglected tropical disease caused primarily by the roundworm Strongyloides stercoralis. Strongyloidiasis is most prevalent in Southeast Asia and the Western Pacific. Although cases have been documented worldwide, global prevalence is largely unknown due to limited surveillance. Infection of the definitive human host occurs via direct skin penetration of the infective filariform larvae. Parasitic females reside in the small intestine and reproduce via parthenogenesis, where eggs hatch inside the host before rhabditiform larvae are excreted in faeces to begin the single generation free-living life cycle. Rhabditiform larvae can also develop directly into infectious filariform larvae in the gut and cause autoinfection. Although many are asymptomatic, infected individuals may report a range of non-specific gastrointestinal, respiratory or skin symptoms. Autoinfection may cause hyperinfection and disseminated strongyloidiasis in immunocompromised individuals, which is often fatal. Diagnosis requires direct examination of larvae in clinical specimens, positive serology or nucleic acid detection. However, there is a lack of standardization of techniques for all diagnostic types. Ivermectin is the treatment of choice. Control and elimination of strongyloidiasis will require a multifaceted, integrated approach, including highly sensitive and standardized diagnostics, active surveillance, health information, education and communication strategies, improved water, sanitation and hygiene, access to efficacious treatment, vaccine development and better integration and acknowledgement in current helminth control programmes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catherine A Gordon
- Infection and Inflammation Program, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Herston, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland, St Lucia, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.
| | - Jürg Utzinger
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Allschwil, Switzerland
- University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Stephen Muhi
- Victorian Infectious Diseases Service, The Royal Melbourne Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- The University of Melbourne, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Sören L Becker
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Allschwil, Switzerland
- University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- Institute of Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, Saarland University, Homburg/Saar, Germany
| | - Jennifer Keiser
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Allschwil, Switzerland
- University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Virak Khieu
- National Centre for Parasitology, Entomology and Malaria Control, Ministry of Health, Phnom Penh, Cambodia
| | - Darren J Gray
- Population Health Program, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Herston, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
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Udoye CC, Ehlers M, Manz RA. The B Cell Response and Formation of Allergenic and Anti-Allergenic Antibodies in Food Allergy. BIOLOGY 2023; 12:1501. [PMID: 38132327 PMCID: PMC10740584 DOI: 10.3390/biology12121501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Revised: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
Food allergies are a growing public health concern worldwide, especially in children and young adults. Allergen-specific IgE plays a central role in the pathogenesis of food allergies, but their titers poorly correlate with allergy development. Host immune systems yield allergen-specific immunoglobulin (Ig)A, IgE and IgG subclasses with low or high affinities and differential Fc N-glycosylation patterns that can affect the allergic reaction to food in multiple ways. High-affinity IgE is required to induce strong mast cell activation eventually leading to allergic anaphylaxis, while low-affinity IgE can even inhibit the development of clinically relevant allergic symptoms. IgA and IgG antibodies can inhibit IgE-mediated mast cell activation through various mechanisms, thereby protecting IgE-positive individuals from allergy development. The production of IgE and IgG with differential allergenic potential seems to be affected by the signaling strength of individual B cell receptors, and by cytokines from T cells. This review provides an overview of the diversity of the B cell response and the diverse roles of antibodies in food allergy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher C. Udoye
- Institute for Systemic Inflammation Research, University of Lübeck, 23562 Lübeck, Germany
| | - Marc Ehlers
- Laboratories of Immunology and Antibody Glycan Analysis, Institute for Nutritional Medicine, University of Lübeck and University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, 23538 Lübeck, Germany
| | - Rudolf A. Manz
- Institute for Systemic Inflammation Research, University of Lübeck, 23562 Lübeck, Germany
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Zhan T, Wu Y, Deng X, Li Q, Chen Y, Lv J, Wang J, Li S, Wu Z, Liu D, Tang Z. Multi-omics approaches reveal the molecular mechanisms underlying the interaction between Clonorchis sinensis and mouse liver. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2023; 13:1286977. [PMID: 38076459 PMCID: PMC10710275 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2023.1286977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Clonorchiasis remains a serious global public health problem, causing various hepatobiliary diseases. However, there is still a lack of overall understanding regarding the molecular events triggered by Clonorchis sinensis (C. sinensis) in the liver. Methods BALB/c mouse models infected with C. sinensis for 5, 10, 15, and 20 weeks were constructed. Liver pathology staining and observation were conducted to evaluate histopathology. The levels of biochemical enzymes, blood routine indices, and cytokines in the blood were determined. Furthermore, alterations in the transcriptome, proteome, and metabolome of mouse livers infected for 5 weeks were analyzed using multi-omics techniques. Results The results of this study indicated that adult C. sinensis can cause hepatosplenomegaly and liver damage, with the most severe symptoms observed at 5 weeks post-infection. However, as the infection persisted, the Th2 immune response increased and symptoms were relieved. Multi-omics analysis of liver infected for 5 weeks identified 191, 402 and 232 differentially expressed genes (DEGs), proteins (DEPs) and metabolites (DEMs), respectively. Both DEGs and DEPs were significantly enriched in liver fibrosis-related pathways such as ECM-receptor interaction and cell adhesion molecules. Key molecules associated with liver fibrosis and inflammation (Cd34, Epcam, S100a6, Fhl2, Itgax, and Retnlg) were up-regulated at both the gene and protein levels. The top three metabolic pathways, namely purine metabolism, arachidonic acid metabolism, and ABC transporters, were associated with liver cirrhosis, fibrosis, and cholestasis, respectively. Furthermore, metabolites that can promote liver inflammation and fibrosis, such as LysoPC(P-16:0/0:0), 20-COOH-leukotriene E4, and 14,15-DiHETrE, were significantly up-regulated. Conclusion Our study revealed that the most severe symptoms in mice infected with C. sinensis occurred at 5 weeks post-infection. Moreover, multi-omics analysis uncovered predominant molecular events related to fibrosis changes in the liver. This study not only enhances our understanding of clonorchiasis progression but also provides valuable insights into the molecular-level interaction mechanism between C. sinensis and its host liver.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingzheng Zhan
- Department of Parasitology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Yuhong Wu
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Xueling Deng
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Qing Li
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
- Key Laboratory of Longevity and Aging-related Diseases of Chinese Ministry of Education, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
- Key Laboratory of Basic Research on Regional Diseases (Guangxi Medical University), Education Department of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, China
| | - Yu Chen
- Schistosomiasis Prevention and Control Department, Hengzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hengzhou, China
| | - Jiahui Lv
- Department of Parasitology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Jilong Wang
- Department of Parasitology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Shitao Li
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Zhanshuai Wu
- Department of Immunology, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine for treating High-Incidence Infectious Diseases with Integrative Medicine, Nanning, China
| | - Dengyu Liu
- Department of Parasitology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
- Key Laboratory of Longevity and Aging-related Diseases of Chinese Ministry of Education, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
- Key Laboratory of Basic Research on Regional Diseases (Guangxi Medical University), Education Department of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, China
| | - Zeli Tang
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
- Key Laboratory of Longevity and Aging-related Diseases of Chinese Ministry of Education, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
- Key Laboratory of Basic Research on Regional Diseases (Guangxi Medical University), Education Department of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, China
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Pera V, Brusselle GG, Riemann S, Kors JA, Van Mulligen EM, Parry R, de Wilde M, Rijnbeek PR, Verhamme KMC. Parasitic infections related to anti-type 2 immunity monoclonal antibodies: a disproportionality analysis in the food and drug administration's adverse event reporting system (FAERS). Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1276340. [PMID: 38035014 PMCID: PMC10682182 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1276340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) targeting immunoglobulin E (IgE) [omalizumab], type 2 (T2) cytokine interleukin (IL) 5 [mepolizumab, reslizumab], IL-4 Receptor (R) α [dupilumab], and IL-5R [benralizumab]), improve quality of life in patients with T2-driven inflammatory diseases. However, there is a concern for an increased risk of helminth infections. The aim was to explore safety signals of parasitic infections for omalizumab, mepolizumab, reslizumab, dupilumab, and benralizumab. Methods: Spontaneous reports were used from the Food and Drug Administration's Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS) database from 2004 to 2021. Parasitic infections were defined as any type of parasitic infection term obtained from the Standardised Medical Dictionary for Regulatory Activities® (MedDRA®). Safety signal strength was assessed by the Reporting Odds Ratio (ROR). Results: 15,502,908 reports were eligible for analysis. Amongst 175,888 reports for omalizumab, mepolizumab, reslizumab, dupilumab, and benralizumab, there were 79 reports on parasitic infections. Median age was 55 years (interquartile range 24-63 years) and 59.5% were female. Indications were known in 26 (32.9%) reports; 14 (53.8%) biologicals were reportedly prescribed for asthma, 8 (30.7%) for various types of dermatitis, and 2 (7.6%) for urticaria. A safety signal was observed for each biological, except for reslizumab (due to lack of power), with the strongest signal attributed to benralizumab (ROR = 15.7, 95% Confidence Interval: 8.4-29.3). Conclusion: Parasitic infections were disproportionately reported for mAbs targeting IgE, T2 cytokines, or T2 cytokine receptors. While the number of adverse event reports on parasitic infections in the database was relatively low, resulting safety signals were disproportionate and warrant further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victor Pera
- Department of Medical Informatics, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Guy G. Brusselle
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
- Departments of Epidemiology and Respiratory Medicine, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Sebastian Riemann
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Jan A. Kors
- Department of Medical Informatics, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Erik M. Van Mulligen
- Department of Medical Informatics, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Rowan Parry
- Department of Medical Informatics, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Marcel de Wilde
- Department of Medical Informatics, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Peter R. Rijnbeek
- Department of Medical Informatics, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Katia M. C. Verhamme
- Department of Medical Informatics, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands
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Zhu J, Liu J, Yan C, Wang D, Pan W. Trained immunity: a cutting edge approach for designing novel vaccines against parasitic diseases? Front Immunol 2023; 14:1252554. [PMID: 37868995 PMCID: PMC10587610 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1252554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023] Open
Abstract
The preventive situation of parasitosis, a global public health burden especially for developing countries, is not looking that good. Similar to other infections, vaccines would be the best choice for preventing and controlling parasitic infection. However, ideal antigenic molecules for vaccine development have not been identified so far, resulting from the complicated life history and enormous genomes of the parasites. Furthermore, the suppression or down-regulation of anti-infectious immunity mediated by the parasites or their derived molecules can compromise the effect of parasitic vaccines. Comparing the early immune profiles of several parasites in the permissive and non-permissive hosts, a robust innate immune response is proposed to be a critical event to eliminate the parasites. Therefore, enhancing innate immunity may be essential for designing novel and effective parasitic vaccines. The newly emerging trained immunity (also termed innate immune memory) has been increasingly recognized to provide a novel perspective for vaccine development targeting innate immunity. This article reviews the current status of parasitic vaccines and anti-infectious immunity, as well as the conception, characteristics, and mechanisms of trained immunity and its research progress in Parasitology, highlighting the possible consideration of trained immunity in designing novel vaccines against parasitic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinhang Zhu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Immunity and Metabolism, Jiangsu International Key Laboratory of Immunity and Metabolism, Department of Pathogen Biology and Immunology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jiaxi Liu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Immunity and Metabolism, Jiangsu International Key Laboratory of Immunity and Metabolism, Department of Pathogen Biology and Immunology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Chao Yan
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Immunity and Metabolism, Jiangsu International Key Laboratory of Immunity and Metabolism, Department of Pathogen Biology and Immunology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Dahui Wang
- Liangshan College (Li Shui) China, Lishui University, Lishui, Zhejiang, China
| | - Wei Pan
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Immunity and Metabolism, Jiangsu International Key Laboratory of Immunity and Metabolism, Department of Pathogen Biology and Immunology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
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Torres-Borrego J, Sánchez-Solís M. Dissecting Airborne Allergens. J Clin Med 2023; 12:5856. [PMID: 37762797 PMCID: PMC10532401 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12185856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2023] [Revised: 08/15/2023] [Accepted: 08/25/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Asthma is a heterogeneous and very complex group of diseases, and includes different clinical phenotypes depending on symptoms, progression, exacerbation patterns, or responses to treatment, among other characteristics. The allergic phenotype is the most frequent, especially in pediatric asthma. It is characterized by sensitization (the production of specific IgEs) to allergens and frequent comorbidity with rhinitis as well as atopic dermatitis. Given the complexity of allergic asthma, knowledge of it must be approached from different points of view: clinical, histological, physiological, epidemiological, biochemical, and immunological, among others. Since partial approaches do not allow for the understanding of this complexity, it is necessary to have multidimensional knowledge that helps in performing the optimal management of each case, avoiding a "blind men and elephant parable" approach. Allergens are antigens that trigger the production of specific IgE antibodies in susceptible individuals, who present symptoms that will depend on the type and intensity of the allergenic load as well as the tissue where the interaction occurs. Airborne allergens cause their effects in the respiratory tract and eyes, and can be indoor or outdoor, perennial, or seasonal. Although allergens such as mites, pollens, or animal dander are generally considered single particles, it is important to note that they contain different molecules which could trigger distinct specific IgE molecules in different patients. General practitioners, pediatricians, and other physicians typically diagnose and treat asthma based on clinical and pulmonary function data in their daily practice. This nonsystematic and nonexhaustive revision aims to update other topics, especially those focused on airborne allergens, helping the diagnostic and therapeutic processes of allergic asthma and rhinitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javier Torres-Borrego
- Pediatric Allergy and Pulmonology Unit, Reina Sofia Children’s University Hospital, Instituto Maimónides de Investigación Biomédica de Córdoba (IMIBIC), University of Cordoba, Av. Menendez Pidal sn, 14004 Cordoba, Spain
| | - Manuel Sánchez-Solís
- Pediatric Respiratory and Cystic Fibrosis Unit, Virgen de la Arrixaca University Children’s Hospital, Biomedical Research Institute of Murcia (IMIB), University of Murcia, Avda Teniente Flomesta, 5, 30003 Murcia, Spain;
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Dileepan KN, Raveendran VV, Sharma R, Abraham H, Barua R, Singh V, Sharma R, Sharma M. Mast cell-mediated immune regulation in health and disease. Front Med (Lausanne) 2023; 10:1213320. [PMID: 37663654 PMCID: PMC10470157 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2023.1213320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Mast cells are important components of the immune system, and they perform pro-inflammatory as well as anti-inflammatory roles in the complex process of immune regulation in health and disease. Because of their strategic perivascular localization, sensitivity and adaptability to the microenvironment, and ability to release a variety of preformed and newly synthesized effector molecules, mast cells perform unique functions in almost all organs. Additionally, Mast cells express a wide range of surface and cytoplasmic receptors which enable them to respond to a variety of cytokines, chemicals, and pathogens. The mast cell's role as a cellular interface between external and internal environments as well as between vasculature and tissues is critical for protection and repair. Mast cell interactions with different immune and nonimmune cells through secreted inflammatory mediators may also turn in favor of disease promoting agents. First and forefront, mast cells are well recognized for their multifaceted functions in allergic diseases. Reciprocal communication between mast cells and endothelial cells in the presence of bacterial toxins in chronic/sub-clinical infections induce persistent vascular inflammation. We have shown that mast cell proteases and histamine induce endothelial inflammatory responses that are synergistically amplified by bacterial toxins. Mast cells have been shown to exacerbate vascular changes in normal states as well as in chronic or subclinical infections, particularly among cigarette smokers. Furthermore, a potential role of mast cells in SARS-CoV-2-induced dysfunction of the capillary-alveolar interface adds to the growing understanding of mast cells in viral infections. The interaction between mast cells and microglial cells in the brain further highlights their significance in neuroinflammation. This review highlights the significant role of mast cells as the interface that acts as sensor and early responder through interactions with cells in systemic organs and the nervous system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kottarappat N. Dileepan
- Division of Allergy, Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, The University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, United States
| | - Vineesh V. Raveendran
- Division of Allergy, Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, The University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, United States
| | - Rishi Sharma
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Missouri, Kansas City, MO, United States
| | - Harita Abraham
- Division of Allergy, Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, The University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, United States
| | - Rajat Barua
- Cardiology Section, Kansas City Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Kansas City, MO, United States
| | - Vikas Singh
- Neurology Section, Kansas City Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Kansas City, MO, United States
| | - Ram Sharma
- Research and Development Service, Kansas City Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Kansas City, MO, United States
| | - Mukut Sharma
- Research and Development Service, Kansas City Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Kansas City, MO, United States
- Midwest Veterans’ Biomedical Research Foundation (MVBRF), Kansas City VA Medical Center, Kansas, MO, United States
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12
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Curtiss ML, Rosenberg AF, Scharer CD, Mousseau B, Benavides NAB, Bradley JE, León B, Steele C, Randall TD, Lund FE. Chitinase-3-like 1 regulates T H2 cells, T FH cells and IgE responses to helminth infection. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1158493. [PMID: 37575256 PMCID: PMC10415220 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1158493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 08/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Data from patient cohorts and mouse models of atopic dermatitis, food allergy and asthma strongly support a role for chitinase-3-like-1 protein (CHI3L1) in allergic disease. Methods To address whether Chi3l1 also contributes to TH2 responses following nematode infection, we infected Chi3l1 -/- mice with Heligmosomoides polygyrus (Hp) and analyzed T cell responses. Results As anticipated, we observed impaired TH2 responses in Hp-infected Chi3l1 -/- mice. However, we also found that T cell intrinsic expression of Chi3l1 was required for ICOS upregulation following activation of naïve CD4 T cells and was necessary for the development of the IL-4+ TFH subset, which supports germinal center B cell reactions and IgE responses. We also observed roles for Chi3l1 in TFH, germinal center B cell, and IgE responses to alum-adjuvanted vaccination. While Chi3l1 was critical for IgE humoral responses it was not required for vaccine or infection-induced IgG1 responses. Discussion These results suggest that Chi3l1 modulates IgE responses, which are known to be highly dependent on IL-4-producing TFH cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miranda L. Curtiss
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care, University of Alabama Birmingham (UAB), Birmingham, AL, United States
- Department of Medicine, Section of Allergy and Immunology, Birmingham VA Medical Center, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - Alexander F. Rosenberg
- Department of Microbiology, University of Alabama Birmingham (UAB), Birmingham, AL, United States
- Informatics Institute, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | | | - Betty Mousseau
- Department of Microbiology, University of Alabama Birmingham (UAB), Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - Natalia A. Ballesteros Benavides
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care, University of Alabama Birmingham (UAB), Birmingham, AL, United States
- Department of Microbiology, University of Alabama Birmingham (UAB), Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - John E. Bradley
- Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, University of Alabama Birmingham (UAB), Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - Beatriz León
- Department of Microbiology, University of Alabama Birmingham (UAB), Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - Chad Steele
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, United States
| | - Troy D. Randall
- Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, University of Alabama Birmingham (UAB), Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - Frances E. Lund
- Department of Microbiology, University of Alabama Birmingham (UAB), Birmingham, AL, United States
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13
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Dispenza MC, Metcalfe DD, Olivera A. Research Advances in Mast Cell Biology and Their Translation Into Novel Therapies for Anaphylaxis. THE JOURNAL OF ALLERGY AND CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY. IN PRACTICE 2023; 11:2032-2042. [PMID: 36958519 PMCID: PMC10330051 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaip.2023.03.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Revised: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 03/08/2023] [Indexed: 03/25/2023]
Abstract
Anaphylaxis is an acute, potentially life-threatening systemic allergic reaction for which there are no known reliable preventative therapies. Its primary cell mediator, the mast cell, has several pathophysiologic roles and functions in IgE-mediated reactions that continue to be poorly understood. Recent advances in the understanding of allergic mechanisms have identified novel targets for inhibiting mast cell function and activation. The prevention of anaphylaxis is within reach with new drugs that could modulate immune tolerance, mast cell proliferation and differentiation, and IgE regulation and production. Several US Food and Drug Administration-approved drugs for chronic urticaria, mastocytosis, and cancer are also being repurposed to prevent anaphylaxis. New therapeutics have not only shown promise in potential efficacy for preventing IgE-mediated reactions, but in some cases, they are able to inform us about mast cell mechanisms in vivo. This review summarizes the most recent advances in the treatment of anaphylaxis that have arisen from new pharmacologic tools and our current understanding of mast cell biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melanie C Dispenza
- Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Md.
| | - Dean D Metcalfe
- Mast Cell Biology Section, Laboratory of Allergy Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Md
| | - Ana Olivera
- Mast Cell Biology Section, Laboratory of Allergy Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Md
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14
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Bourgonje AR, Andreu-Sánchez S, Vogl T, Hu S, Vich Vila A, Gacesa R, Leviatan S, Kurilshikov A, Klompus S, Kalka IN, van Dullemen HM, Weinberger A, Visschedijk MC, Festen EAM, Faber KN, Wijmenga C, Dijkstra G, Segal E, Fu J, Zhernakova A, Weersma RK. Phage-display immunoprecipitation sequencing of the antibody epitope repertoire in inflammatory bowel disease reveals distinct antibody signatures. Immunity 2023; 56:1393-1409.e6. [PMID: 37164015 DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2023.04.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2021] [Revised: 12/13/2022] [Accepted: 04/14/2023] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs), e.g., Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC), are chronic immune-mediated inflammatory diseases. A comprehensive overview of an IBD-specific antibody epitope repertoire is, however, lacking. Using high-throughput phage-display immunoprecipitation sequencing (PhIP-Seq), we identified antibodies against 344,000 antimicrobial, immune, and food antigens in 497 individuals with IBD compared with 1,326 controls. IBD was characterized by 373 differentially abundant antibody responses (202 overrepresented and 171 underrepresented), with 17% shared by both IBDs, 55% unique to CD, and 28% unique to UC. Antibody reactivities against bacterial flagellins dominated in CD and were associated with ileal involvement, fibrostenotic disease, and anti-Saccharomyces cerevisiae antibody positivity, but not with fecal microbiome composition. Antibody epitope repertoires accurately discriminated CD from controls (area under the curve [AUC] = 0.89), and similar discrimination was achieved when using only ten antibodies (AUC = 0.87). Individuals with IBD thus show a distinct antibody repertoire against selected peptides, allowing clinical stratification and discovery of immunological targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arno R Bourgonje
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Sergio Andreu-Sánchez
- Department of Genetics, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands; Department of Pediatrics, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Thomas Vogl
- Department of Computer Science and Applied Mathematics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel; Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel; Diagnostic and Research Institute of Hygiene, Microbiology and Environmental Medicine, Medical University Graz, Graz, Austria; Center for Cancer Research, Medical University of Vienna, Wien, Austria
| | - Shixian Hu
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands; Department of Genetics, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Arnau Vich Vila
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands; Department of Genetics, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Ranko Gacesa
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands; Department of Genetics, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Sigal Leviatan
- Department of Computer Science and Applied Mathematics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel; Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Alexander Kurilshikov
- Department of Genetics, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Shelley Klompus
- Department of Computer Science and Applied Mathematics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel; Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Iris N Kalka
- Department of Computer Science and Applied Mathematics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel; Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Hendrik M van Dullemen
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Adina Weinberger
- Department of Computer Science and Applied Mathematics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel; Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Marijn C Visschedijk
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Eleonora A M Festen
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Klaas Nico Faber
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Cisca Wijmenga
- Department of Genetics, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Gerard Dijkstra
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Eran Segal
- Department of Computer Science and Applied Mathematics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel; Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Jingyuan Fu
- Department of Genetics, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands; Department of Pediatrics, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Alexandra Zhernakova
- Department of Genetics, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Rinse K Weersma
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands.
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15
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Matricardi PM. The Very Low IgE Producer: Allergology, Genetics, Immunodeficiencies, and Oncology. Biomedicines 2023; 11:biomedicines11051378. [PMID: 37239049 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11051378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Revised: 04/28/2023] [Accepted: 04/30/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Opposite to other immunoglobulin (Ig) classes and subclasses, there is no consensus on the definition of normal levels of serum total IgE. However, longitudinal studies on birth cohorts produced growth charts of total IgE levels in helminth-free and never atopic children and defining the normal ranges of total serum IgE concentration at the individual, rather than population, level. Accordingly, very 'low IgE producers' (i.e., children whose tIgE level belong to the lowest percentiles) became atopic while keeping their total IgE levels in a range considered 'normal' if compared to the general age-matched population but 'abnormally high' if projected on the tIgE growth chart against the trajectory of that child's own percentile levels. In 'low IgE producers', the IgE-specific activity, i.e., the ratio between allergen-specific and total IgE, is more important than the absolute specific IgE levels to confirm causality between allergen exposure and allergic symptoms. Patients with allergic rhinitis or peanut anaphylaxis but low or undetectable allergen-specific IgE levels must therefore be reconsidered considering their total IgE levels. Low IgE producers have been also associated with common variable immunodeficiency, lung diseases, and malignancies. A few epidemiological studies have shown a higher risk of malignancies in very low IgE producers, leading to a debated hypothesis proposing a novel, evolutionistic-relevant function for IgE antibodies for antitumor immune surveillance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paolo Maria Matricardi
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Department of Pediatric Respiratory Medicine, Immunology and Critical Care Medicine, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353 Berlin, Germany
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16
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Hirabidian M, Thierry S, Deleplancque AS, Bergues B, Loridant S, Cornu M, Sendid B, Leroy J. A rare case of presumptive pleural toxocariasis. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis 2023; 42:781-786. [PMID: 37060382 DOI: 10.1007/s10096-023-04595-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2023] [Accepted: 04/10/2023] [Indexed: 04/16/2023]
Abstract
Toxocariasis is a cosmopolitan helminthiasis linked to contamination with Toxocara cati or Toxocara canis. Only six isolated cases of pleural toxocariasis have been reported in the literature. We describe a case of pleurisy with isolated eosinophilia varying between 600 and 1500/mm3 likely linked o presumptive toxocariasis in a 72-year-old patient. Our patient was admitted to hospital with severe dyspnoea, asthenia and diarrhoea. Imaging studies confirmed right unilateral pleurisy without any parenchymal involvement. Serology of serum and pleural fluid was positive for anti-Toxocara antibodies by ELISA and immunoblotting. Treatment by pleural drainage and anti-parasitic medication with albendazole for 8 days resulted in the resolution of symptoms. A decrease in the levels of polynuclear eosinophils and total IgE confirmed the clinical resolution. The presence of hypereosinophilia in pleural fluid should evoke a diagnosis of pleural toxocariasis. Clinical symptoms and imaging are non-specific, but positive serology for anti-Toxocara antibodies in serum and pleural fluid can confirm the diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mickaël Hirabidian
- Laboratoire de Parasitologie-Mycologie, Centre de Biologie Pathologie Génétique, CHU de Lille, 1 Boulevard J. Leclercq, 59037, Lille Cedex, France
| | | | - Anne-Sophie Deleplancque
- Laboratoire de Parasitologie-Mycologie, Centre de Biologie Pathologie Génétique, CHU de Lille, 1 Boulevard J. Leclercq, 59037, Lille Cedex, France
| | - Benoît Bergues
- Laboratoire de Biologie Médicale, CH Arras, Arras, France
| | - Séverine Loridant
- Laboratoire de Parasitologie-Mycologie, Centre de Biologie Pathologie Génétique, CHU de Lille, 1 Boulevard J. Leclercq, 59037, Lille Cedex, France
- Univ. Lille, INSERM U1285, CHU Lille, Laboratoire Parasitologie-Mycologie, CNRS, UMR 8576 - UGSF - Unité de Glycobiologie Structurale Et Fonctionnelle, F-59000, Lille, France
| | - Marjorie Cornu
- Laboratoire de Parasitologie-Mycologie, Centre de Biologie Pathologie Génétique, CHU de Lille, 1 Boulevard J. Leclercq, 59037, Lille Cedex, France
- Univ. Lille, INSERM U1285, CHU Lille, Laboratoire Parasitologie-Mycologie, CNRS, UMR 8576 - UGSF - Unité de Glycobiologie Structurale Et Fonctionnelle, F-59000, Lille, France
| | - Boualem Sendid
- Laboratoire de Parasitologie-Mycologie, Centre de Biologie Pathologie Génétique, CHU de Lille, 1 Boulevard J. Leclercq, 59037, Lille Cedex, France.
- Univ. Lille, INSERM U1285, CHU Lille, Laboratoire Parasitologie-Mycologie, CNRS, UMR 8576 - UGSF - Unité de Glycobiologie Structurale Et Fonctionnelle, F-59000, Lille, France.
| | - Jordan Leroy
- Laboratoire de Parasitologie-Mycologie, Centre de Biologie Pathologie Génétique, CHU de Lille, 1 Boulevard J. Leclercq, 59037, Lille Cedex, France
- Univ. Lille, INSERM U1285, CHU Lille, Laboratoire Parasitologie-Mycologie, CNRS, UMR 8576 - UGSF - Unité de Glycobiologie Structurale Et Fonctionnelle, F-59000, Lille, France
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17
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Kabat AM, Pearce EL, Pearce EJ. Metabolism in type 2 immune responses. Immunity 2023; 56:723-741. [PMID: 37044062 PMCID: PMC10938369 DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2023.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Revised: 03/11/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 04/14/2023]
Abstract
The immune response is tailored to the environment in which it takes place. Immune cells sense and adapt to changes in their surroundings, and it is now appreciated that in addition to cytokines made by stromal and epithelial cells, metabolic cues provide key adaptation signals. Changes in immune cell activation states are linked to changes in cellular metabolism that support function. Furthermore, metabolites themselves can signal between as well as within cells. Here, we discuss recent progress in our understanding of how metabolic regulation relates to type 2 immunity firstly by considering specifics of metabolism within type 2 immune cells and secondly by stressing how type 2 immune cells are integrated more broadly into the metabolism of the organism as a whole.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnieszka M Kabat
- Bloomberg Kimmel Institute, and Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
| | - Erika L Pearce
- Bloomberg Kimmel Institute, and Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
| | - Edward J Pearce
- Bloomberg Kimmel Institute, and Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA; Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA.
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18
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Kopp EB, Agaronyan K, Licona-Limón I, Nish SA, Medzhitov R. Modes of type 2 immune response initiation. Immunity 2023; 56:687-694. [PMID: 37044059 DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2023.03.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Revised: 03/18/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 04/14/2023]
Abstract
Type 2 immunity defends against macro-parasites and can cause allergic diseases. Our understanding of the mechanisms governing the initiation of type 2 immunity is limited, whereas we know more about type 1 immune responses. Type 2 immunity can be triggered by a wide array of inducers that do not share common features and via diverse pathways and mechanisms. To address the complexity of the type 2 initiation pathways, we suggest a framework that conceptualizes different modes of induction of type 2 immunity. We discuss categories of type 2 inducers and their immunogenicity, types of tissue perturbations that are caused by these inducers, sensing strategies for the initiation of Th2 immune responses, and categorization of the signals that are produced in response to type 2 challenges. We describe tissue-specific examples of functional disruption that could lead to type 2 inflammation and propose that different sensing strategies that operate at the tissue level converge on the initiation of type 2 immune responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth B Kopp
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
| | - Karen Agaronyan
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
| | - Ileana Licona-Limón
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
| | - Simone A Nish
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
| | - Ruslan Medzhitov
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, New Haven, CT 06510, USA; Tananbaum Center for Theoretical and Analytical Human Biology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.
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19
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Dramburg S, Hilger C, Santos AF, de Las Vecillas L, Aalberse RC, Acevedo N, Aglas L, Altmann F, Arruda KL, Asero R, Ballmer-Weber B, Barber D, Beyer K, Biedermann T, Bilo MB, Blank S, Bosshard PP, Breiteneder H, Brough HA, Bublin M, Campbell D, Caraballo L, Caubet JC, Celi G, Chapman MD, Chruszcz M, Custovic A, Czolk R, Davies J, Douladiris N, Eberlein B, Ebisawa M, Ehlers A, Eigenmann P, Gadermaier G, Giovannini M, Gomez F, Grohman R, Guillet C, Hafner C, Hamilton RG, Hauser M, Hawranek T, Hoffmann HJ, Holzhauser T, Iizuka T, Jacquet A, Jakob T, Janssen-Weets B, Jappe U, Jutel M, Kalic T, Kamath S, Kespohl S, Kleine-Tebbe J, Knol E, Knulst A, Konradsen JR, Korošec P, Kuehn A, Lack G, Le TM, Lopata A, Luengo O, Mäkelä M, Marra AM, Mills C, Morisset M, Muraro A, Nowak-Wegrzyn A, Nugraha R, Ollert M, Palosuo K, Pastorello EA, Patil SU, Platts-Mills T, Pomés A, Poncet P, Potapova E, Poulsen LK, Radauer C, Radulovic S, Raulf M, Rougé P, Sastre J, Sato S, Scala E, Schmid JM, Schmid-Grendelmeier P, Schrama D, Sénéchal H, Traidl-Hoffmann C, Valverde-Monge M, van Hage M, van Ree R, Verhoeckx K, Vieths S, Wickman M, Zakzuk J, Matricardi PM, Hoffmann-Sommergruber K. EAACI Molecular Allergology User's Guide 2.0. Pediatr Allergy Immunol 2023; 34 Suppl 28:e13854. [PMID: 37186333 DOI: 10.1111/pai.13854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 72.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Accepted: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Since the discovery of immunoglobulin E (IgE) as a mediator of allergic diseases in 1967, our knowledge about the immunological mechanisms of IgE-mediated allergies has remarkably increased. In addition to understanding the immune response and clinical symptoms, allergy diagnosis and management depend strongly on the precise identification of the elicitors of the IgE-mediated allergic reaction. In the past four decades, innovations in bioscience and technology have facilitated the identification and production of well-defined, highly pure molecules for component-resolved diagnosis (CRD), allowing a personalized diagnosis and management of the allergic disease for individual patients. The first edition of the "EAACI Molecular Allergology User's Guide" (MAUG) in 2016 rapidly became a key reference for clinicians, scientists, and interested readers with a background in allergology, immunology, biology, and medicine. Nevertheless, the field of molecular allergology is moving fast, and after 6 years, a new EAACI Taskforce was established to provide an updated document. The Molecular Allergology User's Guide 2.0 summarizes state-of-the-art information on allergen molecules, their clinical relevance, and their application in diagnostic algorithms for clinical practice. It is designed for both, clinicians and scientists, guiding health care professionals through the overwhelming list of different allergen molecules available for testing. Further, it provides diagnostic algorithms on the clinical relevance of allergenic molecules and gives an overview of their biology, the basic mechanisms of test formats, and the application of tests to measure allergen exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie Dramburg
- Department of Pediatric Respiratory Medicine, Immunology and Critical Care Medicine, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Christiane Hilger
- Department of Infection and Immunity, Luxembourg Institute of Health, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
| | - Alexandra F Santos
- Department of Women and Children's Health (Pediatric Allergy), School of Life Course Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
- Peter Gorer Department of Immunobiology, School of Immunology and Microbial Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
- Children's Allergy Service, Evelina London, Guy's and St Thomas' Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | | | - Rob C Aalberse
- Sanquin Research, Dept Immunopathology, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Landsteiner Laboratory, Academic Medical Centre, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Nathalie Acevedo
- Institute for Immunological Research, University of Cartagena, Cartagena de Indias, Colombia, Colombia
| | - Lorenz Aglas
- Department of Biosciences and Medical Biology, Paris Lodron University Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Friedrich Altmann
- Department of Chemistry, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Austria
| | - Karla L Arruda
- Department of Medicine, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Sao Paulo, Brasil, Brazil
| | - Riccardo Asero
- Ambulatorio di Allergologia, Clinica San Carlo, Paderno Dugnano, Italy
| | - Barbara Ballmer-Weber
- Klinik für Dermatologie und Allergologie, Kantonsspital St. Gallen, St. Gallen, Switzerland
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Domingo Barber
- Institute of Applied Molecular Medicine Nemesio Diez (IMMAND), Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad San Pablo CEU, CEU Universities, Madrid, Spain
- RETIC ARADyAL and RICORS Enfermedades Inflamatorias (REI), Madrid, Spain
| | - Kirsten Beyer
- Department of Pediatric Respiratory Medicine, Immunology and Critical Care Medicine, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Tilo Biedermann
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy Biederstein, School of Medicine, Technical University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Maria Beatrice Bilo
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
- Allergy Unit Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital Ospedali Riuniti di Ancona, Torrette, Italy
| | - Simon Blank
- Center of Allergy and Environment (ZAUM), Technical University of Munich, School of Medicine and Helmholtz Center Munich, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Munich, Germany
| | - Philipp P Bosshard
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Heimo Breiteneder
- Department of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Helen A Brough
- Department of Women and Children's Health (Pediatric Allergy), School of Life Course Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
- Children's Allergy Service, Evelina London, Guy's and St Thomas' Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - Merima Bublin
- Department of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Dianne Campbell
- Department of Allergy and Immunology, Children's Hospital at Westmead, Sydney Children's Hospitals Network, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Child and Adolescent Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Luis Caraballo
- Institute for Immunological Research, University of Cartagena, Cartagena de Indias, Colombia, Colombia
| | - Jean Christoph Caubet
- Pediatric Allergy Unit, Department of Child and Adolescent, University Hospitals of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Giorgio Celi
- Centro DH Allergologia e Immunologia Clinica ASST- MANTOVA (MN), Mantova, Italy
| | | | - Maksymilian Chruszcz
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina, USA
| | - Adnan Custovic
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Rebecca Czolk
- Department of Infection and Immunity, Luxembourg Institute of Health, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
- Faculty of Science, Technology and Medicine, University of Luxembourg, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
| | - Janet Davies
- Queensland University of Technology, Centre for Immunology and Infection Control, School of Biomedical Sciences, Herston, Queensland, Australia
- Metro North Hospital and Health Service, Emergency Operations Centre, Herston, Queensland, Australia
| | - Nikolaos Douladiris
- Allergy Department, 2nd Paediatric Clinic, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Bernadette Eberlein
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy Biederstein, School of Medicine, Technical University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Motohiro Ebisawa
- Clinical Research Center for Allergy and Rheumatology, National Hospital Organization, Sagamihara National Hospital, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Anna Ehlers
- Chemical Biology and Drug Discovery, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Center for Translational Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Department of Immunology and Dermatology/ Allergology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Philippe Eigenmann
- Pediatric Allergy Unit, Department of Child and Adolescent, University Hospitals of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Gabriele Gadermaier
- Department of Biosciences and Medical Biology, Paris Lodron University Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Mattia Giovannini
- Allergy Unit, Department of Pediatrics, Meyer Children's University Hospital, Florence, Italy
| | - Francisca Gomez
- Allergy Unit IBIMA-Hospital Regional Universitario de Malaga, Malaga, Spain
- Spanish Network for Allergy research RETIC ARADyAL, Malaga, Spain
| | - Rebecca Grohman
- NYU Langone Health, Department of Internal Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - Carole Guillet
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Christine Hafner
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital St. Poelten, Karl Landsteiner University of Health Sciences, St. Poelten, Austria
| | - Robert G Hamilton
- Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Michael Hauser
- Department of Biosciences and Medical Biology, Paris Lodron University Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Thomas Hawranek
- Department of Dermatology and Allergology, Paracelsus Private Medical University, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Hans Jürgen Hoffmann
- Institute for Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
- Department of Respiratory Diseases and Allergy, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | | | - Tomona Iizuka
- Laboratory of Protein Science, Graduate School of Life Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Alain Jacquet
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Thilo Jakob
- Department of Dermatology and Allergology, University Medical Center, Justus Liebig University Gießen, Gießen, Germany
| | - Bente Janssen-Weets
- Department of Infection and Immunity, Luxembourg Institute of Health, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
- Odense Research Center for Anaphylaxis, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Uta Jappe
- Division of Clinical and Molecular Allergology, Priority Research Area Asthma and Allergy, Research Center Borstel, Borstel, Germany
- Leibniz Lung Center, Airway Research Center North (ARCN), Member of the German Center for Lung Research, Germany
- Interdisciplinary Allergy Outpatient Clinic, Dept. of Pneumology, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Marek Jutel
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Tanja Kalic
- Department of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital St. Poelten, Karl Landsteiner University of Health Sciences, St. Poelten, Austria
| | - Sandip Kamath
- Australian Institute of Tropical Health and Medicine, James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland, Australia
- Molecular Allergy Research Laboratory, College of Public Health, Medical and Veterinary Sciences, James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland, Australia
| | - Sabine Kespohl
- Institute for Prevention and Occupational Medicine of the German Social Accident Insurance, Institute of the Ruhr- Universität Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Jörg Kleine-Tebbe
- Allergy & Asthma Center Westend, Outpatient Clinic and Clinical Research Center, Berlin, Germany
| | - Edward Knol
- Department of Immunology and Dermatology/ Allergology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - André Knulst
- Department of Immunology and Dermatology/ Allergology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Jon R Konradsen
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Pediatric Allergy and Pulmonology Unit at Astrid Lindgren Children's Hospital, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Peter Korošec
- University Clinic of Respiratory and Allergic Diseases Golnik, Golnik, Slovenia
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Annette Kuehn
- Department of Infection and Immunity, Luxembourg Institute of Health, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
| | - Gideon Lack
- Department of Women and Children's Health (Pediatric Allergy), School of Life Course Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
- Peter Gorer Department of Immunobiology, School of Immunology and Microbial Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
- Children's Allergy Service, Evelina London, Guy's and St Thomas' Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - Thuy-My Le
- Center for Translational Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Department of Immunology and Dermatology/ Allergology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Andreas Lopata
- Australian Institute of Tropical Health and Medicine, James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland, Australia
- Molecular Allergy Research Laboratory, College of Public Health, Medical and Veterinary Sciences, James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland, Australia
| | - Olga Luengo
- RETIC ARADyAL and RICORS Enfermedades Inflamatorias (REI), Madrid, Spain
- Allergy Section, Internal Medicine Department, Vall d'Hebron University Hospital, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Mika Mäkelä
- Division of Allergy, Helsinki University Hospital and University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Pediatric Department, Skin and Allergy Hospital, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | | | - Clare Mills
- Division of Infection, Immunity and Respiratory Medicine, School of Biological Sciences, Manchester Institute of Biotechnology, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | | | - Antonella Muraro
- Food Allergy Referral Centre, Department of Woman and Child Health, Padua University Hospital, Padua, Italy
| | - Anna Nowak-Wegrzyn
- Division of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, Hassenfeld Children's Hospital, New York, New York, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Gastroenterology and Nutrition, Collegium Medicum, University of Warmia and Mazury, Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Roni Nugraha
- Molecular Allergy Research Laboratory, College of Public Health, Medical and Veterinary Sciences, James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland, Australia
- Department of Aquatic Product Technology, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Science, IPB University, Bogor, Indonesia
| | - Markus Ollert
- Department of Infection and Immunity, Luxembourg Institute of Health, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
- Odense Research Center for Anaphylaxis, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Kati Palosuo
- Department of Allergology, Helsinki University Hospital and University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | | | - Sarita Ulhas Patil
- Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Immunology, Departments of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Pediatrics, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Thomas Platts-Mills
- Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA
| | | | - Pascal Poncet
- Institut Pasteur, Immunology Department, Paris, France
- Allergy & Environment Research Team Armand Trousseau Children Hospital, APHP, Paris, France
| | - Ekaterina Potapova
- Department of Pediatric Respiratory Medicine, Immunology and Critical Care Medicine, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Lars K Poulsen
- Allergy Clinic, Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Copenhagen University Hospital-Herlev and Gentofte, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Christian Radauer
- Department of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Suzana Radulovic
- Department of Women and Children's Health (Pediatric Allergy), School of Life Course Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
- Children's Allergy Service, Evelina London, Guy's and St Thomas' Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - Monika Raulf
- Institute for Prevention and Occupational Medicine of the German Social Accident Insurance, Institute of the Ruhr- Universität Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Pierre Rougé
- UMR 152 PharmaDev, IRD, Université Paul Sabatier, Faculté de Pharmacie, Toulouse, France
| | - Joaquin Sastre
- Allergy Service, Fundación Jiménez Díaz; CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES); Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Autonoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Sakura Sato
- Allergy Department, 2nd Paediatric Clinic, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Enrico Scala
- Clinical and Laboratory Molecular Allergy Unit - IDI- IRCCS, Fondazione L M Monti Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Johannes M Schmid
- Department of Respiratory Diseases and Allergy, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Peter Schmid-Grendelmeier
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Christine Kühne Center for Allergy Research and Education CK-CARE, Davos, Switzerland
| | - Denise Schrama
- Centre of Marine Sciences (CCMAR), Universidade do Algarve, Faro, Portugal
| | - Hélène Sénéchal
- Allergy & Environment Research Team Armand Trousseau Children Hospital, APHP, Paris, France
| | - Claudia Traidl-Hoffmann
- Christine Kühne Center for Allergy Research and Education CK-CARE, Davos, Switzerland
- Department of Environmental Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Augsburg, Augsburg, Germany
| | - Marcela Valverde-Monge
- Allergy Service, Fundación Jiménez Díaz; CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES); Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Autonoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Marianne van Hage
- Department of Medicine Solna, Division of Immunology and Allergy, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Clinical Immunology and Transfusion Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ronald van Ree
- Department of Experimental Immunology and Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Kitty Verhoeckx
- Department of Immunology and Dermatology/ Allergology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Stefan Vieths
- Division of Allergology, Paul-Ehrlich-Institut, Langen, Germany
| | - Magnus Wickman
- Department of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Josefina Zakzuk
- Institute for Immunological Research, University of Cartagena, Cartagena de Indias, Colombia, Colombia
| | - Paolo M Matricardi
- Department of Pediatric Respiratory Medicine, Immunology and Critical Care Medicine, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
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IgE-mediated Anisakis allergy in children. Allergol Immunopathol (Madr) 2023; 51:98-109. [PMID: 36617828 DOI: 10.15586/aei.v51i1.692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2022] [Accepted: 08/09/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Anisakids are nematodes responsible for different clinical patterns in humans. The well-known human-infecting Anisakis species include members of the Anisakis simplex (AS) complex. Humans usually contract anisakiasis through ingestion of raw or undercooked seafood containing Anisakis larvae. Once Anisakis has been ingested, patients may develop disease driven directly by Anisakis larvae and/or by allergic reaction due to this nematode. The capability of inducing allergic reactions depends on the expression of specific antigens by nematodes and host factors. This study aims to resume actual knowledge about AS and Anisakiasis with regard to epidemiology, pathophysiology, clinical presentation, diagnosis, and treatment. Particular attention is paid to Anisakis allergens and their cross-reactivity on available diagnostic methods, and defining a diagnostic pathway for Anisakis allergy. Because only a few data are available in the literature about pediatric population, we focus on this group of patients specifically.
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21
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Avokpaho EFGA, Gineau L, Sabbagh A, Atindégla E, Fiogbé A, Galagan S, Ibikounlé M, Massougbodji A, Walson JL, Luty AJF, Garcia A. Multiple overlapping risk factors for childhood wheeze among children in Benin. Eur J Med Res 2022; 27:304. [PMID: 36572891 PMCID: PMC9791764 DOI: 10.1186/s40001-022-00919-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The African continent is currently facing an epidemiological transition characterized by a shift from communicable to non-communicable diseases. Prominent amongst the latter are allergies and asthma. In that context, wheeze has multiple potential contributory factors that could include some of the endemic helminth infections, as well as environmental exposures, such as household air pollution. We sought to determine the relative importance of these risk factors among children in Benin. METHODS We included 964 children aged 6-14 years living in the commune of Comé, south-west Benin. All children were participants in the longitudinal monitoring cohort of the DeWorm3 trial designed to evaluate multiple rounds of community mass treatment with albendazole for interruption of the transmission of soil transmitted helminths (STH). We administered a standard ISAAC questionnaire to determine the presence of wheeze. In addition, we assessed exposure to household air pollution and to other potential allergy-inducing factors, dietary intake and anthropometry. Using STH infection status assessed at the pretreatment baseline timepoint, we used multivariate statistical modelling, controlling for covariates, to investigate associations between wheeze and the different factors measured. RESULTS The prevalence of wheezing history was 5.2%, of current wheezing was 4.6% and of severe wheezing was 3.1%, while STH infections were found in 5.6% of children. These profiles did not vary as a function of either age or gender. Infection with Ascaris lumbricoides, but not hookworm species, was significantly associated with both current wheeze (adjusted Odds Ratio (aOR) = 4.3; 95% CI [1.5-12.0]) and severe wheeze (aOR = 9.2; 95% CI [3.1-27.8]). Significant positive associations with current wheeze, independent of each other and of STH infection status, were also found for (i) use of open cookstoves (aOR = 3.9; 95% CI [1.3-11.5]), (ii) use of palm cakes for fire lighting (aOR = 3.4; 95% CI [1.1-9.9]), (iii) contact with domestic animals and/or rodents (aOR = 2.5; 95% CI [1.1-6.0]), (iv) being overweight (aOR = 9.7; 95% CI [1.7-55.9]). Use of open cookstoves and being overweight were also independent risk factors for severe wheeze (aOR = 3.9; 95% CI [1.1-13.7]) and aOR = 10.3; 95% CI [1.8-60.0], respectively). CONCLUSIONS Children infected with A. lumbricoides appear to be at elevated risk of wheeze. Deworming may be an important intervention to reduce these symptoms. Improving cooking methods to reduce household air pollution, modifying dietary habits to avoid overweight, and keeping animals out of the house are all additional measures that could also contribute to reducing childrens' risk of wheeze. Policymakers in LMIC should consider tailoring public health measures to reflect the importance of these different risk factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Euripide F. G. A. Avokpaho
- Institut de Recherche Clinique du Bénin, Abomey-Calavi, Benin ,grid.508487.60000 0004 7885 7602ED 393 Pierre Louis de Santé Publique, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Laure Gineau
- grid.508487.60000 0004 7885 7602MERIT, IRD, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Audrey Sabbagh
- grid.508487.60000 0004 7885 7602MERIT, IRD, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Eloic Atindégla
- Institut de Recherche Clinique du Bénin, Abomey-Calavi, Benin
| | - Arnauld Fiogbé
- grid.463453.3Ministère de la Santé, Centre National Hospitalo-Universitaire de Pneumo- Phtisiologie, Cotonou, Bénin
| | - Sean Galagan
- grid.34477.330000000122986657DeWorm3, University of Washington, Seattle, WA USA ,grid.34477.330000000122986657Department of Global Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA USA
| | - Moudachirou Ibikounlé
- Institut de Recherche Clinique du Bénin, Abomey-Calavi, Benin ,grid.412037.30000 0001 0382 0205Centre de Recherche Pour La Lutte Contre Les Maladies Infectieuses Tropicales (CReMIT/TIDRC), Université d’Abomey-Calavi, Abomey-Calavi, Bénin
| | | | - Judd L. Walson
- grid.34477.330000000122986657DeWorm3, University of Washington, Seattle, WA USA ,grid.34477.330000000122986657Department of Global Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA USA
| | - Adrian J. F. Luty
- grid.508487.60000 0004 7885 7602MERIT, IRD, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - André Garcia
- grid.508487.60000 0004 7885 7602MERIT, IRD, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
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22
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Allergenic food protein consumption is associated with systemic IgG antibody responses in non-allergic individuals. Immunity 2022; 55:2454-2469.e6. [PMID: 36473469 DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2022.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2021] [Revised: 06/01/2022] [Accepted: 11/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Although food-directed immunoglobulin E (IgE) has been studied in the context of allergies, the prevalence and magnitude of IgG responses against dietary antigens are incompletely characterized in the general population. Here, we measured IgG binding against food and environmental antigens obtained from allergen databases and the immune epitope database (IEDB), represented in a phage displayed library of 58,233 peptides. By profiling blood samples of a large cohort representing the average adult Israeli population (n = 1,003), we showed that many food antigens elicited systemic IgG in up to 50% of individuals. Dietary intake of specific food protein correlated with antibody binding, suggesting that diet can shape the IgG epitope repertoire. Our work documents abundant systemic IgG responses against food antigens and provides a reference map of the exact immunogenic epitopes on a population scale, laying the foundation to unravel the role of food- and environmental antigen-directed antibody binding in disease contexts.
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23
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Dombrowicz D. Identification of major human IgE-inducing parasite antigens: A path to therapeutic approaches? J Allergy Clin Immunol 2022; 150:1412-1414. [PMID: 36270491 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2022.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2022] [Revised: 10/10/2022] [Accepted: 10/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- David Dombrowicz
- Université de Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1011-EGID, F-59000 Lille, France.
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24
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Treating allergies via skin - Recent advances in cutaneous allergen immunotherapy. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2022; 190:114458. [PMID: 35850371 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2022.114458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2022] [Revised: 07/06/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Subcutaneous allergen immunotherapy has been practiced clinically for decades to treat airborne allergies. Recently, the cutaneous route, which exploits the immunocompetence of the skin has received attention, which is evident from attempts to use it to treat peanut allergy. Delivery of allergens into the skin is inherently impeded by the barrier imposed by stratum corneum, the top layer of the skin. While the stratum corneum barrier must be overcome for efficient allergen delivery, excessive disruption of this layer can predispose to development of allergic inflammation. Thus, the most desirable allergen delivery approach must provide a balance between the level of skin disruption and the amount of allergen delivered. Such an approach should aim to achieve high allergen delivery efficiency across various skin types independent of age and ethnicity, and optimize variables such as safety profile, allergen dosage, treatment frequency, application time and patient compliance. The ability to precisely quantify the amount of allergen being delivered into the skin is crucial since it can allow for allergen dose optimization and can promote consistency and reproducibility in treatment response. In this work we review prominent cutaneous delivery approaches, and offer a perspective on further improvisation in cutaneous allergen-specific immunotherapy.
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25
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Liu J, Dan R, Zhou X, Xiang J, Wang J, Liu J. Immune senescence and periodontitis: From mechanism to therapy. J Leukoc Biol 2022; 112:1025-1040. [PMID: 36218054 DOI: 10.1002/jlb.3mr0822-645rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2022] [Revised: 08/12/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Periodontitis is one of the most prevalent infectious inflammatory diseases, characterized by irreversible destruction of the supporting tissues of teeth, which is correlated with a greater risk of multiple systemic diseases, thus regarded as a major health concern. Dysregulation between periodontal microbial community and host immunity is considered to be the leading cause of periodontitis. Comprehensive studies have unveiled the double-edged role of immune response in the development of periodontitis. Immune senescence, which is described as age-related alterations in immune system, including a diminished immune response to endogenous and exogenous stimuli, a decline in the efficiency of immune protection, and even failure in immunity build-up after vaccination, leads to the increased susceptibility to infection. Recently, the intimate relationship between immune senescence and periodontitis has come into focus, especially in the aging population. In this review, both periodontal immunity and immune senescence will be fully introduced, especially their roles in the pathology and progression of periodontitis. Furthermore, novel immunotherapies targeting immune senescence are presented to provide potential targets for research and clinical intervention in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaqi Liu
- Laboratory for Aging Research, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy & National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.,State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases; Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Ruichen Dan
- Laboratory for Aging Research, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy & National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.,State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases; Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Xueman Zhou
- Laboratory for Aging Research, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy & National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.,State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases; Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Jie Xiang
- Laboratory for Aging Research, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy & National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.,State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases; Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Jun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases; Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Jin Liu
- Laboratory for Aging Research, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy & National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
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26
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da S Correia JA, Antunes AA, Taborda-Barata L, Boechat JL, Sarinho ESC. Prevalence of reported food allergies in Brazilian preschoolers living in a small Brazilian city. ALLERGY, ASTHMA, AND CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY : OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE CANADIAN SOCIETY OF ALLERGY AND CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY 2022; 18:74. [PMID: 35964111 PMCID: PMC9375345 DOI: 10.1186/s13223-022-00710-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2022] [Accepted: 07/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Introduction Although the prevalence of allergic diseases, including food allergies, has increased over recent decades, relevant information on this topic is still lacking, particularly in younger children living in small cities. Objective To investigate the prevalence of reported food allergies in preschoolers in Limoeiro/Pernambuco, Brazil. Methods This was a cross-sectional study with preschoolers. Parents/guardians of all preschoolers enrolled at municipal schools between March and June 2019 (total of 619) were invited to complete a screening questionnaire (total of 619). Another 151 questionnaires were applied on the streets of the town. For positive responses, a second, more detailed and validated questionnaire was completed. Results A total of 412 questionnaires were returned, of which, 47 presented a positive response to food allergies and only 29 (7.04%) identified a particular food. The most frequently reported food items were shrimp, mollusks, pork, fruit and milk. Of the 29 who identified foods, 22 responded to the detailed questionnaire, resulting in only 4 (0.97%) positive responses. Of these, two were later discarded through clinical examinations and an open oral provocation test, resulting in a final prevalence of 0.48% of confirmed food allergies. Conclusion The prevalence of reported food allergies was lower than that described in previous studies. The most commonly mentioned foods were shrimp, mollusks and pork, with more reports of multiple food allergies, even in children who had never been previously exposed to these possible allergens, which highlights the relevance of perception in reported food allergy studies. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13223-022-00710-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- José A da S Correia
- Postgraduate Program in Child and Adolescent Health (PPGSCA), Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Av. Prof. Morais Rego, 1235 - Cidade Universitária, Recife, PE, CEP: 50670-901, Brazil. .,Department of Medicine, Faculdade Integrada Tiradentes, Jaboatão dos Guararapes PE, Brazil.
| | | | - Luiz Taborda-Barata
- CICS-UBI - Health Sciences Research Centre, University of Beira Interior, Covilhã, Portugal.,Department of Immunoallergology, Cova da Beira University Hospital Centre, Covilhã, Portugal
| | - José Laerte Boechat
- Clinical Immunology Service, Faculty of Medicine, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niteroi, RJ, Brazil.,Basic and Clinical Immunology Unit, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto and CINTESIS, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Emanuel Sávio Cavalcanti Sarinho
- Postgraduate Program in Child and Adolescent Health (PPGSCA), Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Av. Prof. Morais Rego, 1235 - Cidade Universitária, Recife, PE, CEP: 50670-901, Brazil
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Sakyi SA, Amoani B, Opoku S, Dzata L, Aniagyei W, Senu E, Dankwa K, Wilson MD. Assessing the role of eosinophil-mediated immune response markers in detecting hookworm infection: A case-control study in Kintampo, Ghana. Health Sci Rep 2022; 5:e674. [PMID: 35662977 PMCID: PMC9165202 DOI: 10.1002/hsr2.674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2022] [Revised: 05/22/2022] [Accepted: 05/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Aim Human hookworm disease caused by Ancylostoma duodenale and Necator americanus is a serious public health problem. Hookworm infection activates eosinophil‐mediated tissue inflammatory responses, involving the production of the eosinophil‐specific chemokine (eotaxin), recruitment of eosinophils, secretion of the cationic protein, and production of antiparasite immunoglobulin E (IgE). We investigated eosinophil‐mediated immune response as markers (CCL11, eosinophil cationic protein [ECP], and IgE) for detecting hookworm infection. Methods This case‐control study was carried out in hookworm endemic areas within the Kintampo North Municipality.Forty hookworm‐positive subjects and 36 apparently healthy individuals were recruited as cases and controls, respectively. Stool samples were collected for hookworm detection by the Kato–Katz technique and speciation by polymerase chain reaction. Approximately, 5 ml of intravenous blood was used to obtain plasma for the immunological assays. Results Of eosinophil‐mediated immune response markers studied, ECP and CCL11 were significantly higher among hookworm patients compared to controls. Increasing CCL11 (β = −0.81, p = 0.015) was associated with a significant decrease hookworm intensity. However, increasing eosinophil count (β = 0.62, p = 0.027) was associated with significant increase in hookworm intensity. In receiver operator characteristics analysis, ECP could significantly detect hookworm infection with a very high area under the curve (AUC) (AUC = 0.97, p < 0.0001). At a cutoff of 39.05, ECP was the best eosinophil‐mediated immune response marker for detecting hookworm infection with a sensitivity of 97.2%, specificity of 87.8%, a positive predictive value of 89.7%, and a negative predictive value of 96.6%. Conclusion ECP best predicts eosinophil‐mediated immune response for detecting hookworm infection, while CCL11 and eosinophil count better predict the intensity of hookworm. Moreover, the ECP level is a good indicator of hookworm infection and intensity and may require additional investigations to augment current hookworm diagnostic techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel A Sakyi
- Department of Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine and Dentistry Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology Kumasi Ghana
| | - Benjamin Amoani
- Department of Biomedical Science, School of Medicine and Dentistry University of Cape Coast Cape Coast Ghana
| | - Stephen Opoku
- Department of Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine and Dentistry Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology Kumasi Ghana
| | - Lawrence Dzata
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medical Sciences University of Cape Coast Cape Coast Ghana
| | - Wilfred Aniagyei
- Department of Biomedical Science, School of Medicine and Dentistry University of Cape Coast Cape Coast Ghana
| | - Ebenezer Senu
- Department of Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine and Dentistry Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology Kumasi Ghana
| | - Kwabena Dankwa
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medical Sciences University of Cape Coast Cape Coast Ghana
| | - Michael D Wilson
- Parasitology Department, Noguchi Memorial Institute for Medical Research, College of Health Sciences University of Ghana Legon Ghana
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Olivera-Ardid S, Bello-Gil D, Tuzikov A, Araujo RN, Ferrero-Alves Y, García Figueroa BE, Labrador-Horrillo M, García-Pérez AL, Bovin N, Mañez R. Poly-L-Lysine-Based αGal-Glycoconjugates for Treating Anti-αGal IgE-Mediated Diseases. Front Immunol 2022; 13:873019. [PMID: 35432370 PMCID: PMC9009260 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.873019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2022] [Accepted: 03/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Anti-αGal IgE antibodies mediate a spreading allergic condition known as αGal-syndrome (AGS). People exposed to hard tick bites are sensitized to αGal, producing elevated levels of anti-αGal IgE, which are responsible for AGS. This work presents an immunotherapy based on polymeric αGal-glycoconjugates for potentially treating allergic disorders by selectively inhibiting anti-αGal IgE antibodies. We synthesized a set of αGal-glycoconjugates, based on poly-L-lysine of different degrees of polymerization (DP1000, DP600, and DP100), to specifically inhibit in vitro the anti-αGal IgE antibodies in the serum of αGal-sensitized patients (n=13). Moreover, an animal model for αGal sensitization in GalT-KO mice was developed by intradermal administration of hard tick' salivary gland extract, mimicking the sensitization mechanism postulated in humans. The in vitro exposure to all polymeric glycoconjugates (5-10-20-50-100 µg/mL) mainly inhibited anti-αGal IgE and IgM isotypes, with a lower inhibition effect on the IgA and IgG, respectively. We demonstrated a differential anti-αGal isotype inhibition as a function of the length of the poly-L-lysine and the number of αGal residues exposed in the glycoconjugates. These results defined a minimum of 27 αGal residues to inhibit most of the induced anti-αGal IgE in vitro. Furthermore, the αGal-glycoconjugate DP1000-RA0118 (10 mg/kg sc.) showed a high capacity to remove the anti-αGal IgE antibodies (≥75% on average) induced in GalT-KO mice, together with similar inhibition for circulating anti-αGal IgG and IgM. Our study suggests the potential clinical use of poly-L-lysine-based αGal-glycoconjugates for treating allergic disorders mediated by anti-αGal IgE antibodies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Olivera-Ardid
- RemAb Therapeutics, Mòdul de Recerca B, UAB Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Daniel Bello-Gil
- RemAb Therapeutics, Mòdul de Recerca B, UAB Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Alexander Tuzikov
- Department of Chemical Biology of Glycans and Lipids, Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry Russian Academy of Sciences (RAS), Moscow, Russia
| | - Ricardo N. Araujo
- Laboratório de Artrópodes Hematófagos, Departamento de Parasitologia, ICB/UFMG, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Yara Ferrero-Alves
- RemAb Therapeutics, Mòdul de Recerca B, UAB Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Blanca Esther García Figueroa
- MEGA: Asthma Inception and Progression Mechanisms, Complejo Hospitalario de Navarra (CHN), Pamplona, Spain
- Instituto de investigación sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), Pamplona, Spain
- ARADyAL Research Network, Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
| | - Moisés Labrador-Horrillo
- ARADyAL Research Network, Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
- Department of Medicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Barcelona, Spain
- Allergy Section, Internal Medicine Department, Hospital Universitari Vall d’Hebron (HUVH), Barcelona, Spain
- Immunomediated Diseases and Innovative Therapies, Vall d’Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ana L. García-Pérez
- Departamento de Sanidad Animal, Instituto Vasco de Investigación de Desarrollo Agrario (NEIKER), Derio, Spain
| | - Nicolai Bovin
- Department of Chemical Biology of Glycans and Lipids, Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry Russian Academy of Sciences (RAS), Moscow, Russia
| | - Rafael Mañez
- RemAb Therapeutics, Mòdul de Recerca B, UAB Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
- Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge, Servicio de Medicina Intensiva, Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Bellvitge (IDIBELL), Grupo Inmunidad Innata y Patología del Paciente Crítico, Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
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Wu G, Hu H, Zhang T, Zhang XD, Sun B. Profiles of sensitization and comorbidity in asthma patients with markedly increased serum total IgE (>1000kU/L). Allergy Asthma Proc 2022; 43:124-132. [PMID: 35317889 DOI: 10.2500/aap.2022.43.210123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Background: Immunoglobulin E (IgE) plays an important role in asthma, but a few patients exhibit extremely high levels of serum total IgE. Objective: This study aimed to investigate the profiles of comorbidity and/or complications, severity, and sensitizations in patients with asthma and with a total IgE level > 1000 kU/L. Methods: We retrospectively analyzed 170 patients with asthma and with total IgE levels of >1000 kU/L from the inpatient data base. Available information, including age, gender, body mass index, diagnosis, results of routine blood tests, pulmonary function, fractional exhaled nitric oxide, induced sputum (if any), IgE (both total and specific) tests and medication records were analyzed. Results: In the study subjects, >80% were adults, and the average total IgE level was median (interquartile range) 1438 kU/L (1181-2255 kU/L). Approximately 15% of the subjects had at least one comorbidity and/or complication, and 78.82% of the subjects were positive for at least one allergen. Airway infections (44.71%) and rhinosinusitis (41.18%) accounted for the two most common conditions despite age groups. Total IgE levels did not differ among the subjects with different conditions. Overall, mites had the highest positive rate (59.4%). Serum total IgE levels were positively correlated with house-dust mite specific IgE (sIgE) levels (r = 0.23; p < 0.05), peripheral blood eosinophil counts (r = 0.21; p < 0.01), and the number of confirmed sIgE positivity (r = 0.19; p < 0.01), and optimal scaling analysis showed that asthma severity was associated with Aspergillus fumigatus sIgE levels. Conclusion: In the subjects with asthma and with a total IgE level of >1000 kU/L, the two most common conditions were airway infections and rhinosinusitis, despite sensitization. A. fumigatus sIgE levels were closely associated with total IgE levels and asthma severity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ge Wu
- From the National Respiratory Medical Center, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University,
Guangzhou, China; and
| | - Haisheng Hu
- From the National Respiratory Medical Center, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical
University, Guangzhou, China; and
| | - Teng Zhang
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau, China
| | | | - Baoqing Sun
- From the National Respiratory Medical Center, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical
University, Guangzhou, China; and
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Ghabdian S, Parande Shirvan S, Maleki M, Borji H. Exacerbation of allergic asthma by somatic antigen of Echinococcus granulosus in allergic airway inflammation in BALB/c mice. Parasit Vectors 2022; 15:16. [PMID: 34991711 PMCID: PMC8734303 DOI: 10.1186/s13071-021-05125-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2021] [Accepted: 12/11/2021] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is ample evidence demonstrating a reverse relationship between helminth infection and immune-mediated diseases. Accordingly, several studies have shown that Echinococcus granulosus infection and hydatid cyst compounds are able to suppress immune responses in allergic airway inflammation. Previous studies have documented the ability of hydatid cysts to suppress aberrant Th2 immune response in a mouse model of allergic asthma. However, there is a paucity of research on the effects of protoscoleces on allergic asthma. Thus, this study was designed to evaluate the effects of somatic antigens of protoscoleces in a murine model of allergic airway inflammation. METHODS Ovalbumin (OVA)/aluminum hydroxide (alum) was injected intraperitoneally to sensitize BALB/c mice over a period of 0 to 7 days, followed by challenge with 1% OVA. The treatment group received somatic antigens of protoscoleces emulsified with PBS on these days in each sensitization before being challenged with 1% OVA on days 14, 15, and 16. The effects of somatic antigens of protoscoleces on allergic airway inflammation were evaluated by examining histopathological changes, the recruitment of inflammatory cells in the bronchoalveolar lavage, cytokine production in the homogenized lung tissue (IL-4, IL-5, IL-10, IL-17, and IFN-γ), and total antioxidant capacity in serum. RESULTS Overall, administration of somatic antigens of protoscoleces exacerbated allergic airway inflammation via increased Th2 cytokine levels in the lung homogenate, recruitment of eosinophils into bronchoalveolar lavage fluid, and pathological changes. In addition, total antioxidant capacity and IFN-γ levels declined following the administration of somatic antigens. CONCLUSIONS The results revealed that the co-administration of somatic products of protoscoleces with OVA/alum contributed to the exacerbation of allergic airway inflammation in BALB/c mice. Currently, the main cause of allergic-type inflammation exacerbation is unknown, and further research is needed to understand the mechanism of these interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Ghabdian
- Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, P.O. Box: 91775-1793, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Sima Parande Shirvan
- Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, P.O. Box: 91775-1793, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mohsen Maleki
- Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, P.O. Box: 91775-1793, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Hassan Borji
- Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, P.O. Box: 91775-1793, Mashhad, Iran
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Newman R, Tolar P. Chronic calcium signaling in IgE + B cells limits plasma cell differentiation and survival. Immunity 2021; 54:2756-2771.e10. [PMID: 34879220 DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2021.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2021] [Revised: 07/30/2021] [Accepted: 11/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
In contrast to other antibody isotypes, B cells switched to IgE respond transiently and do not give rise to long-lived plasma cells (PCs) or memory B cells. To better understand IgE-BCR-mediated control of IgE responses, we developed whole-genome CRISPR screening that enabled comparison of IgE+ and IgG1+ B cell requirements for proliferation, survival, and differentiation into PCs. IgE+ PCs exhibited dependency on the PI3K-mTOR axis that increased protein amounts of the transcription factor IRF4. In contrast, loss of components of the calcium-calcineurin-NFAT pathway promoted IgE+ PC differentiation. Mice bearing a B cell-specific deletion of calcineurin B1 exhibited increased production of IgE+ PCs. Mechanistically, sustained elevation of intracellular calcium in IgE+ PCs downstream of the IgE-BCR promoted BCL2L11-dependent apoptosis. Thus, chronic calcium signaling downstream of the IgE-BCR controls the self-limiting character of IgE responses and may be relevant to the accumulation of IgE-producing cells in allergic disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca Newman
- Immune Receptor Activation Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, London NW1 1AT, UK
| | - Pavel Tolar
- Immune Receptor Activation Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, London NW1 1AT, UK; Division of Infection and Immunity, Institute of Immunity and Transplantation, University College London, London NW3 2PF, UK.
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Shalash AO, Hussein WM, Skwarczynski M, Toth I. Hookworm infection: Toward development of safe and effective peptide vaccines. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2021; 148:1394-1419.e6. [PMID: 34872650 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2021.10.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2021] [Revised: 10/07/2021] [Accepted: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Hookworms are hematophagous nematode parasites that have infected a billion people worldwide. Anthelmintic drugs have limited efficacy and do not prevent reinfection. Therefore, prophylactic vaccines are in high demand. Whole parasite vaccines are allergic and unsafe; thus, research into subunit vaccines has been warranted. A comprehensive overview of protein or peptide subunit vaccines' safety, protective efficacy, and associated immune responses is provided herein. The differences between the immune responses against hookworm infection by patients from epidemic versus nonepidemic areas are discussed in detail. Moreover, the different immunologic mechanisms of protection are discussed, including those that rely on allergic and nonallergic humoral and antibody-dependent cellular responses. The allergic and autoimmune potential of hookworm antigens is also explored, as are the immunoregulatory responses induced by the hookworm secretome. The potential of oral mucosal immunizations has been overlooked. Oral immunity against hookworms is a long-lived and safer immune response that is associated with elimination of infection and protective against reinfections. However, the harsh conditions of the gastrointestinal environment necessitates special oral delivery systems to unlock vaccines' protective potential. The potential for development of safer and more effective peptide- and protein-based anthelmintic vaccines is explored herein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed O Shalash
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland, Australia
| | - Waleed M Hussein
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland, Australia
| | - Mariusz Skwarczynski
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland, Australia.
| | - Istvan Toth
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland, Australia; School of Pharmacy, The University of Queensland, Woolloongabba, Queensland, Australia.
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Shalash AO, Becker L, Yang J, Giacomin P, Pearson M, Hussein WM, Loukas A, Skwarczynski M, Toth I. Oral Peptide Vaccine against Hookworm Infection: Correlation of Antibody Titers with Protective Efficacy. Vaccines (Basel) 2021; 9:1034. [PMID: 34579271 PMCID: PMC8472562 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines9091034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Revised: 09/14/2021] [Accepted: 09/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Approximately 0.4 billion individuals worldwide are infected with hookworm. An effective vaccine is needed to not only improve the health of those affected and at high risk, but also to improve economic growth in disease-endemic areas. An ideal anti-hookworm therapeutic strategy for mass administration is a stable and orally administered vaccine. Oral vaccines are advantageous as they negate the need for trained medical staff for administration and do not require strict sterility conditions. Vaccination, therefore, can be carried out at a significantly reduced cost. One of the most promising current antigenic targets for hookworm vaccine development is the aspartic protease digestive enzyme (APR-1). Antibody-mediated neutralization of APR-1 deprives the worm of nourishment, leading to reduced worm burdens in vaccinated hosts. Previously, we demonstrated that, when incorporated into vaccine delivery systems, the APR-1-derived p3 epitope (TSLIAGPKAQVEAIQKYIGAEL) was able to greatly reduce worm burdens (≥90%) in BALB/c mice; however, multiple, large doses of the vaccine were required. Here, we investigated a variety of p3-antigen conjugates to optimize antigen delivery and establish immune response/protective efficacy relationships. We synthesized, purified, and characterized four p3 peptide-based vaccine candidates with: (a) lipidic (lipid core peptide (LCP)); (b) classical polymeric (polymethylacrylate (PMA)); and (c) novel polymeric (polyleucine in a branched or linear arrangement, BL10 or LL10, respectively) groups as self-adjuvanting moieties. BL10 and LL10 induced the highest serum anti-p3 and anti-APR-1 IgG titers. Upon challenge with rodent hookworms, the highest significant reduction in worm burden was observed in mice immunized with LL10. APR-1-specific serum IgG titers correlated with worm burden reduction. Thus, we provide the first vaccine-triggered immune response-protection relationship for hookworm infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed O. Shalash
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia; (A.O.S.); (J.Y.); (W.M.H.); (I.T.)
| | - Luke Becker
- Centre for Molecular Therapeutics, Australian Institute of Tropical Health and Medicine, James Cook University, Cairns, QLD 4878, Australia; (L.B.); (P.G.); (M.P.); (A.L.)
| | - Jieru Yang
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia; (A.O.S.); (J.Y.); (W.M.H.); (I.T.)
| | - Paul Giacomin
- Centre for Molecular Therapeutics, Australian Institute of Tropical Health and Medicine, James Cook University, Cairns, QLD 4878, Australia; (L.B.); (P.G.); (M.P.); (A.L.)
| | - Mark Pearson
- Centre for Molecular Therapeutics, Australian Institute of Tropical Health and Medicine, James Cook University, Cairns, QLD 4878, Australia; (L.B.); (P.G.); (M.P.); (A.L.)
| | - Waleed M. Hussein
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia; (A.O.S.); (J.Y.); (W.M.H.); (I.T.)
| | - Alex Loukas
- Centre for Molecular Therapeutics, Australian Institute of Tropical Health and Medicine, James Cook University, Cairns, QLD 4878, Australia; (L.B.); (P.G.); (M.P.); (A.L.)
| | - Mariusz Skwarczynski
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia; (A.O.S.); (J.Y.); (W.M.H.); (I.T.)
| | - Istvan Toth
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia; (A.O.S.); (J.Y.); (W.M.H.); (I.T.)
- School of Pharmacy, The University of Queensland, Woolloongabba, QLD 4102, Australia
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Picado C, de Landazuri IO, Vlagea A, Bobolea I, Arismendi E, Amaro R, Sellarés J, Bartra J, Sanmarti R, Hernandez-Rodriguez J, Mascaró JM, Colmenero J, Vaquero EC, Pascal M. Spectrum of Disease Manifestations in Patients with Selective Immunoglobulin E Deficiency. J Clin Med 2021; 10:jcm10184160. [PMID: 34575269 PMCID: PMC8466644 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10184160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2021] [Revised: 09/10/2021] [Accepted: 09/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Selective IgE deficiency (SIgED) has been previously evaluated in selected patients from allergy units. This study investigates the effects of SIgED on the entire population in a hospital setting and sought to delineate in detail the clinical aspects of SIgED. METHODS A retrospective study of the data obtained from electronic medical records of 52 adult patients (56% female) with a mean age of 43 years and IgE levels of <2.0 kU/L with normal immunoglobulin (Ig) IgG, IgA, and IgM levels, seen at our hospital, without selection bias, from 2010 to 2019. RESULTS Recurrent upper respiratory infections were recorded in 18 (34.6%) patients, pneumonia was recorded in 16 (30.7%) patients, bronchiectasis was recorded in 16 (30.7%) patients, and asthma was recorded in 10 (19.2%) patients. Eighteen patients (34.6%) suffered autoimmune clinical manifestations either isolated (19%) or combining two or more diseases (15%), Hashimoto's thyroiditis being the most frequent (19%), which was followed by arthritis (10%) and thrombocytopenia and/or neutropenia (5.7%). Other less frequent associations were Graves' disease, primary sclerosing cholangitis, Sjögren's syndrome, and autoimmune hepatitis. Eczematous dermatitis (15.3%), chronic spontaneous urticaria (17.3%), and symptoms of enteropathy (21%) were also highly prevalent. Thirty percent of patients developed malignancies, with non-Hodgkin lymphomas (13.4%) being the most prevalent. CONCLUSIONS The clinical manifestations of SIgED encompass a variety of infectious, non-infectious complications, and malignancy. Since it cannot be ruled out that some type of selection bias occurred in the routine assessment of IgE serum Ievels, prospective studies are required to better characterize SIgED and to determine whether it should be added to the list of antibody deficiencies.
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Affiliation(s)
- César Picado
- Institut Clinic Respiratory, Hospital Clinic, Universitat de Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain; (I.B.); (E.A.); (R.A.); (J.S.); (J.B.)
- Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), 08036 Barcelona, Spain; (R.S.); (J.H.-R.); (J.-M.M.); (J.C.); (E.C.V.); (M.P.)
- Centro de Investigaciones Biomédicas en Red de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Correspondence:
| | - Iñaki Ortiz de Landazuri
- Immunology Department, CDB. Hospital Clinic, Universitat de Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain; (I.O.d.L.); (A.V.)
| | - Alexandru Vlagea
- Immunology Department, CDB. Hospital Clinic, Universitat de Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain; (I.O.d.L.); (A.V.)
| | - Irina Bobolea
- Institut Clinic Respiratory, Hospital Clinic, Universitat de Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain; (I.B.); (E.A.); (R.A.); (J.S.); (J.B.)
- Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), 08036 Barcelona, Spain; (R.S.); (J.H.-R.); (J.-M.M.); (J.C.); (E.C.V.); (M.P.)
- Centro de Investigaciones Biomédicas en Red de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Ebymar Arismendi
- Institut Clinic Respiratory, Hospital Clinic, Universitat de Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain; (I.B.); (E.A.); (R.A.); (J.S.); (J.B.)
- Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), 08036 Barcelona, Spain; (R.S.); (J.H.-R.); (J.-M.M.); (J.C.); (E.C.V.); (M.P.)
- Centro de Investigaciones Biomédicas en Red de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Rosanel Amaro
- Institut Clinic Respiratory, Hospital Clinic, Universitat de Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain; (I.B.); (E.A.); (R.A.); (J.S.); (J.B.)
- Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), 08036 Barcelona, Spain; (R.S.); (J.H.-R.); (J.-M.M.); (J.C.); (E.C.V.); (M.P.)
- Centro de Investigaciones Biomédicas en Red de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Jacobo Sellarés
- Institut Clinic Respiratory, Hospital Clinic, Universitat de Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain; (I.B.); (E.A.); (R.A.); (J.S.); (J.B.)
- Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), 08036 Barcelona, Spain; (R.S.); (J.H.-R.); (J.-M.M.); (J.C.); (E.C.V.); (M.P.)
- Centro de Investigaciones Biomédicas en Red de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Joan Bartra
- Institut Clinic Respiratory, Hospital Clinic, Universitat de Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain; (I.B.); (E.A.); (R.A.); (J.S.); (J.B.)
- Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), 08036 Barcelona, Spain; (R.S.); (J.H.-R.); (J.-M.M.); (J.C.); (E.C.V.); (M.P.)
| | - Raimon Sanmarti
- Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), 08036 Barcelona, Spain; (R.S.); (J.H.-R.); (J.-M.M.); (J.C.); (E.C.V.); (M.P.)
- Department of Rheumatology, Hospital Clinic, Universitat de Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain
| | - José Hernandez-Rodriguez
- Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), 08036 Barcelona, Spain; (R.S.); (J.H.-R.); (J.-M.M.); (J.C.); (E.C.V.); (M.P.)
- Department of Autoimmune Diseases, Hospital Clinic, Universitat de Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain
| | - José-Manuel Mascaró
- Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), 08036 Barcelona, Spain; (R.S.); (J.H.-R.); (J.-M.M.); (J.C.); (E.C.V.); (M.P.)
- Department of Dermatology, Hospital Clinic, Universitat de Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jordi Colmenero
- Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), 08036 Barcelona, Spain; (R.S.); (J.H.-R.); (J.-M.M.); (J.C.); (E.C.V.); (M.P.)
- Liver Unit, Hospital Clinic, Universitat de Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigaciones en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBEREHD), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Eva C. Vaquero
- Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), 08036 Barcelona, Spain; (R.S.); (J.H.-R.); (J.-M.M.); (J.C.); (E.C.V.); (M.P.)
- Centro de Investigaciones en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBEREHD), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hospital Clinic, Universitat de Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Mariona Pascal
- Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), 08036 Barcelona, Spain; (R.S.); (J.H.-R.); (J.-M.M.); (J.C.); (E.C.V.); (M.P.)
- Immunology Department, CDB. Hospital Clinic, Universitat de Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain; (I.O.d.L.); (A.V.)
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Tontini C, Bulfone-Paus S. Novel Approaches in the Inhibition of IgE-Induced Mast Cell Reactivity in Food Allergy. Front Immunol 2021; 12:613461. [PMID: 34456900 PMCID: PMC8387944 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.613461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2020] [Accepted: 06/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Allergy is an IgE-dependent type-I hypersensitivity reaction that can lead to life-threatening systemic symptoms such as anaphylaxis. In the pathogenesis of the allergic response, the common upstream event is the binding of allergens to specific IgE, inducing cross-linking of the high-affinity FcεRI on mast cells, triggering cellular degranulation and the release of histamine, proteases, lipids mediators, cytokines and chemokines with inflammatory activity. A number of novel therapeutic options to curb mast cell activation are in the pipeline for the treatment of severe allergies. In addition to anti-IgE therapy and allergen-specific immunotherapy, monoclonal antibodies targeted against several key Th2/alarmin cytokines (i.e. IL-4Rα, IL-33, TSLP), active modification of allergen-specific IgE (i.e. inhibitory compounds, monoclonal antibodies, de-sialylation), engagement of inhibitory receptors on mast cells and allergen-specific adjuvant vaccines, are new promising options to inhibit the uncontrolled release of mast cell mediators upon allergen exposure. In this review, we critically discuss the novel approaches targeting mast cells limiting allergic responses and the immunological mechanisms involved, with special interest on food allergy treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Tontini
- Lydia Becker Institute for Immunology and Inflammation, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Silvia Bulfone-Paus
- Lydia Becker Institute for Immunology and Inflammation, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
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Perera DJ, Ndao M. Promising Technologies in the Field of Helminth Vaccines. Front Immunol 2021; 12:711650. [PMID: 34489961 PMCID: PMC8418310 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.711650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2021] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Helminths contribute a larger global burden of disease than both malaria and tuberculosis. These eukaryotes have caused human infections since before our earliest recorded history (i.e.: earlier than 1200 B.C. for Schistosoma spp.). Despite the prevalence and importance of these infections, helminths are considered a neglected tropical disease for which there are no vaccines approved for human use. Similar to other parasites, helminths are complex organisms which employ a plethora of features such as: complex life cycles, chronic infections, and antigenic mimicry to name a few, making them difficult to target by conventional vaccine strategies. With novel vaccine strategies such as viral vectors and genetic elements, numerous constructs are being defined for a wide range of helminth parasites; however, it has yet to be discussed which of these approaches may be the most effective. With human trials being conducted, and a pipeline of potential anti-helminthic antigens, greater understanding of helminth vaccine-induced immunity is necessary for the development of potent vaccine platforms and their optimal design. This review outlines the conventional and the most promising approaches in clinical and preclinical helminth vaccinology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dilhan J. Perera
- Division of Experimental Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Program of Infectious Diseases and Immunity in Global Health, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Momar Ndao
- Division of Experimental Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Program of Infectious Diseases and Immunity in Global Health, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
- National Reference Centre for Parasitology, Research Institute of McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada
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Doyen V, Truyens C, Nhu Thi H, Mong HTT, Le Chi T, De Blay F, Huynh PTN, Michel O, Corazza F. Helminth infection induces non-functional sensitization to house dust mites. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0253887. [PMID: 34197505 PMCID: PMC8248592 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0253887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2021] [Accepted: 06/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND IgE characterizes the humoral response of allergic sensitization but less is known about what modulates its function and why some patients present clinical symptoms for a given IgE level and others do not. An IgE response also occurs during helminth diseases, independently of allergic symptoms. This response could be a model of non-functional IgE. OBJECTIVE To study the IgE response against environmental allergens induced during natural helminth infection. METHODS In 28 non allergic subjects from the periphery of Ho Chi Minh city with (H+, n = 18) and without helminth infection (H-, n = 10), we measured IgE and IgG4 against several components of Dermatophagoïdes pteronyssinus (Dpt) and Ascaris (a marker of immunization against nematodes), and determined the IgE component sensitization profile using microarray ISAC biochips. The functional ability of IgE to induce degranulation of cultured mast cells was evaluated in the presence of Dpt. RESULTS Non allergic H+ subjects exhibited higher levels of IgE against Dpt compared to H- subjects. Dpt IgE were not functional in vitro and did not recognize usual Dpt major allergens. IgE recognized other component allergens that belong to different protein families, and most were glycosylated. Depletion of IgE recognizing carbohydrate cross-reactive determinant (CCD) did not induce a reduction in Dpt IgE. The Dpt IgG4 were not significantly different. CONCLUSION Helminth infections induced IgE against allergens such as Dpt and molecular components that belong to different sources as well as against CCD (such as β-1,2-xylose and/or ⍺-1,3-fucose substituted N-glycans). Dpt IgE were not able to induce degranulation of mast cells and were not explained by sensitization to usual major allergens or N-glycans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Virginie Doyen
- Clinic of Immunoallergology, CHU Brugmann, Brussels, Belgium
- Laboratory of Translational Research, ULB223, CHU Brugmann, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium
- * E-mail:
| | - Carine Truyens
- Parasitology Laboratory, ULB Center for Research in immunology (U-CRI), Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Hoa Nhu Thi
- Parasitology and Mycology Department, Pham Ngoc Thach University of Medicine, Ho Chi Minh, Vietnam
| | - Hiep Tran Thi Mong
- Department of Family Medicine, Pham Ngoc Thach University of Medicine, Ho Chi Minh, Vietnam
| | - Thanh Le Chi
- Immunology Laboratory, Pasteur Institute, Ho Chi Minh, Vietnam
| | - Frederic De Blay
- Chest Diseases Department, Strasbourg University Hospital, Strasbourg, France
- Biocluster des Haras, ALYATEC, Strasbourg, France
| | | | - Olivier Michel
- Clinic of Immunoallergology, CHU Brugmann, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Francis Corazza
- Laboratory of Translational Research, ULB223, CHU Brugmann, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium
- Laboratory of Translational Research, ULB223, CHU Brugmann, Immunology Laboratory, LHUB-ULB, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium
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Raza F, Babasyan S, Larson EM, Freer HS, Schnabel CL, Wagner B. Peripheral blood basophils are the main source for early interleukin-4 secretion upon in vitro stimulation with Culicoides allergen in allergic horses. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0252243. [PMID: 34038479 PMCID: PMC8153460 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0252243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2020] [Accepted: 05/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Interleukin-4 (IL-4) is a key cytokine secreted by type 2 T helper (Th2) cells that orchestrates immune responses during allergic reactions. Human and mouse studies additionally suggest that basophils have a unique role in the regulation of allergic diseases by providing initial IL-4 to drive T cell development towards the Th2 phenotype. Equine Culicoides hypersensitivity (CH) is a seasonal immunoglobulin E (IgE)-mediated allergic dermatitis in horses in response to salivary allergens from Culicoides (Cul) midges. Here, we analyzed IL-4 production in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) of CH affected (n = 8) and healthy horses (n = 8) living together in an environment with natural Cul exposure. During Cul exposure when allergic horses had clinical allergy, IL-4 secretion from PBMC after stimulation with Cul extract was similar between healthy and CH affected horses. In contrast, allergic horses had higher IL-4 secretion from PBMC than healthy horses during months without allergen exposure. In addition, allergic horses had increased percentages of IL-4+ cells after Cul stimulation compared to healthy horses, while both groups had similar percentages of IL-4+ cells following IgE crosslinking. The IL-4+ cells were subsequently characterized using different cell surface markers as basophils, while very few allergen-specific CD4+ cells were detected in PBMC after Cul extract stimulation. Similarly, IgE crosslinking by anti-IgE triggered basophils to produce IL-4 in all horses. PMA/ionomycin consistently induced high percentages of IL-4+ Th2 cells in both groups confirming that T cells of all horses studied were capable of IL-4 production. In conclusion, peripheral blood basophils produced high amounts of IL-4 in allergic horses after stimulation with Cul allergens, and allergic horses also maintained higher basophil percentages throughout the year than healthy horses. These new findings suggest that peripheral blood basophils may play a yet underestimated role in innate IL-4 production upon allergen activation in horses with CH. Basophil-derived IL-4 might be a crucial early signal for immune induction, modulating of immune responses towards Th2 immunity and IgE production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fahad Raza
- Departments of Population Medicine and Diagnostic Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, United States of America
| | - Susanna Babasyan
- Departments of Population Medicine and Diagnostic Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, United States of America
| | - Elisabeth M. Larson
- Departments of Population Medicine and Diagnostic Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, United States of America
| | - Heather S. Freer
- Departments of Population Medicine and Diagnostic Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, United States of America
| | - Christiane L. Schnabel
- Departments of Population Medicine and Diagnostic Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, United States of America
| | - Bettina Wagner
- Departments of Population Medicine and Diagnostic Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Abera D, Wordofa M, Mesfin A, Tadesse G, Wolde M, Desta K, Tsegaye A, Taye B. Intestinal helminthic infection and allergic disorders among school children enrolled in mass deworming program, Sululta, Ethiopia. Allergy Asthma Clin Immunol 2021; 17:43. [PMID: 33892783 PMCID: PMC8063306 DOI: 10.1186/s13223-021-00545-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2019] [Accepted: 04/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Intestinal helminths have been proposed to have a protective role against allergic sensitization and atopic diseases. However, consistent data demonstrating this are lacking in Sub-Saharan countries. We aimed to assess the association between intestinal helminths and allergic disorders among school children enrolled in mass deworming program in Sululta, Ethiopia. METHODS A cross sectional study was conducted among 526 school children aged 5 to 14 years old from primary government schools in Sululta district, Ethiopia. An interviewer-led questionnaire administered to parents provided information on demographic and lifestyle variables. Questions on allergic disease symptoms were collected using the International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Children (ISAAC) questionnaire 6 months following deworming treatments. Atopy was defined as a positive skin prick test reaction to one or both dust mite (Dermatophagoides) and German cockroach (Blatella germanica) allergens. Fresh stool samples were collected, processed, and examined by direct wet mount, Kato-Katz technique, and formol-ether concentration technique. Multivariate logistic regressions were used to assess the association between allergic disorder and helminths infection. RESULTS Of the total 526 school children, 58.2% were females. Overall, 24% (126/526) had allergic symptoms, 5.1% (27/526) had atopy, and 16.9% (89/526) had intestinal helminths. There was no association between helminthic infection and self-reported allergic symptoms (P = 0.317), but Ascaris lumbricoides infection was positively associated with atopy (AOR = 4.307, 95% CI 1.143-16.222, P = 0.031). Atopy was related to increased allergy symptoms (AOR = 2.787, 95% CI 1.253-6.197, P = 0.012), and family history of allergy was associated with increased childhood allergy (AOR = 2.753, 95% CI 1.565-4.841, P = 0.001). Deworming in the past 6 months showed a reduced odd of self-reported allergic symptoms (AOR = 0.581, 95% CI 0.366-0.954, P = 0.034). CONCLUSION While no significant association between self-reported allergy and helminths was found in this study, this may have been due to the low prevalence and intensity of helminthic infection in the sample. There was a positive association between Ascaris lumbricoides and atopy. To further examine the underlying mechanism behind this positive association, a longitudinal study is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dessie Abera
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
| | - Moges Wordofa
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | | | | | - Mistire Wolde
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Kassu Desta
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Aster Tsegaye
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Bineyam Taye
- Department of Biology, Colgate University, 214 Olin Hall, 13 Oak Dr, Hamilton, NY, USA.
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Lothstein KE, Gause WC. Mining Helminths for Novel Therapeutics. Trends Mol Med 2021; 27:345-364. [PMID: 33495068 PMCID: PMC9884063 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmed.2020.12.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2020] [Revised: 12/23/2020] [Accepted: 12/28/2020] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Helminths are an emerging source of therapeutics for dysregulated inflammatory diseases. Excretory/secretory (ES) molecules, released during infection, are responsible for many of these immunomodulatory effects and are likely to have evolved as a means for parasite survival in the host. While the mechanisms of action of these molecules have not been fully defined, evidence demonstrates that they target various pathways in the immune response, ranging from initiation to effector cell modulation. These molecules are applied in controlling specific effector mechanisms of type 1 and type 2 immune responses. Recently, studies have further focused on their therapeutic potential in specific disease models. Here we review recent findings on ES molecule modulation of immune functions, specifically highlighting their clinical implications for future use in inflammatory disease therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katherine E Lothstein
- Center for Immunity and Inflammation, Department of Medicine, New Jersey Medical School, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Newark, NJ 07103, USA
| | - William C Gause
- Center for Immunity and Inflammation, Department of Medicine, New Jersey Medical School, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Newark, NJ 07103, USA.
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Pritchard DI, Falcone FH, Mitchell PD. The evolution of IgE-mediated type I hypersensitivity and its immunological value. Allergy 2021; 76:1024-1040. [PMID: 32852797 DOI: 10.1111/all.14570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2020] [Revised: 08/12/2020] [Accepted: 08/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The allergic phenotype manifests itself in a spectrum of troublesome to life-threatening diseases, from seasonal hay fever, through the food allergies, atopic eczema, asthma, to anaphylaxis. Allergy, that is an overreaction to allergen in hypersensitive individuals, results from the production of IgE, mast cell and basophil sensitisation and degranulation, requiring a range of medications to manage the conditions. Yet it is highly likely that allergy evolved for a purpose and that allergic diseases are accidental consequences of an insufficiently regulated immune response. This article presents a viewpoint from which to restore the immunological reputation of the allergic phenotype. We consider the evolutionary origins of potential allergens, toxins and parasites, and how they might have influenced early-mammal species in existence when IgE first developed. We conclude that the allergic phenotype has likely saved the lives of many more mammals than have ever died from allergy, so justifying the positive role of IgE in our evolution.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Franco H. Falcone
- Institute for Parasitology Justus‐Liebig‐University Gießen Gießen Germany
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The other side of the coin: IgE deficiency, a susceptibility factor for malignancy occurrence. World Allergy Organ J 2021; 14:100505. [PMID: 33664932 PMCID: PMC7887422 DOI: 10.1016/j.waojou.2020.100505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2020] [Revised: 12/16/2020] [Accepted: 12/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Since the discovery of IgE, almost all attention was given to conditions with elevated specific or total IgE levels such as atopy, type I hypersensitivity reactions, or parasitic infestations. Recent prospective and retrospective studies show that having very low IgE levels, such as those seen in IgE deficiency (IgE<2.5 kU/L), is not without clinical consequences. Patients with ultra-low IgE levels have an elevated risk of cancer of any type. These results are in agreement with murine models research which demonstrated that grafted tumors grow faster and bigger on an IgE knockout background. The novel finding that IgE deficiency is a susceptibility factor for cancer, fits very well with the AllergoOncology concept. The reports on a beneficial, cytotoxic function of IgE, in cooperation with its high (FcεRI) and low (FcεRII, CD23) affinity IgE receptors resulting in tumor cell phagocytosis, propose a role of IgE in cancer surveillance. It appears that not only deficiency of serum IgE, but also lack of tissue-bound IgE is important in malignancy susceptibility in these patients. As such, IgE deficient individuals with absent serum and cell-bound IgE as suggested by negative type I hypersensitivity skin tests, are at the highest risk for a malignancy diagnosis. In contrast, IgE deficient individuals with cell-bound IgE depicted through positive type I hypersensitivity skin tests, have lower rates of malignancy diagnosis. The present report discusses the evidence and potential role of ultra-low IgE as a novel biomarker for cancer susceptibility.
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Florsheim EB, Sullivan ZA, Khoury-Hanold W, Medzhitov R. Food allergy as a biological food quality control system. Cell 2021; 184:1440-1454. [PMID: 33450204 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2020.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2020] [Revised: 10/21/2020] [Accepted: 12/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Food is simultaneously a source of essential nutrients and a potential source of lethal toxins and pathogens. Consequently, multiple sensory mechanisms evolved to monitor the quality of food based on the presence and relative abundance of beneficial and harmful food substances. These include the olfactory, gustatory, and gut chemosensory systems. Here we argue that, in addition to these systems, allergic immunity plays a role in food quality control by mounting allergic defenses against food antigens associated with noxious substances. Exaggeration of these defenses can result in pathological food allergy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esther B Florsheim
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
| | - Zuri A Sullivan
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
| | - William Khoury-Hanold
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
| | - Ruslan Medzhitov
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, New Haven, CT 06510, USA.
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IgE in the Pathogenesis of SLE: From Pathogenic Role to Therapeutic Target. Antibodies (Basel) 2020; 9:antib9040069. [PMID: 33302566 PMCID: PMC7768355 DOI: 10.3390/antib9040069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2020] [Revised: 11/11/2020] [Accepted: 11/22/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a multifactorial chronic autoimmune disease, marked by the presence of autoantibodies to nuclear antigens belonging to different isotype classes. For several years, IgE antibodies have been incriminated in the development of allergic diseases and parasitic infections and different anti-IgE therapies have been developed to encounter the pathogenic role of IgE in these pathologies. Recently, multiple studies showed the presence of elevated total IgE levels and demonstrated a pathogenic role of autoreactive IgE in SLE. This review aims to summarize the findings incriminating IgE and autoreactive IgE in the pathophysiology of SLE, to describe their functional outcomes on their targeted cells as well as to discuss different IgE-related therapeutic modalities that emerged and that may be beneficial for SLE patient care.
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Ayelign B, Akalu Y, Teferi B, Molla MD, Shibabaw T. Helminth Induced Immunoregulation and Novel Therapeutic Avenue of Allergy. J Asthma Allergy 2020; 13:439-451. [PMID: 33116652 PMCID: PMC7548329 DOI: 10.2147/jaa.s273556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2020] [Accepted: 09/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Allergic diseases are increasing at an alarming rate worldwide, particularly in developed countries. In contrast, there is a decrease in the prevalence of helminthic infections and other neglected diseases. The hygiene hypothesis elaborates parasitic infection, and allergy-associated diseases have an inverse relationship. Acute helminthic infection and allergic reaction stimulate Type 2 helper cells (Th2) immune response with up-regulation of cytokines IL-4-, IL-5-, and IL-13-mediated IgE and mast cell production, as well as eosinophilia. However, people who chronically suffer from helminthic infections are demarcated through polarized Th2 resulting in alternative macrophage activation and T regulatory response. This regulatory system reduces allergy incidence in individuals that are chronically diseased through helminth. As a result, the excretory-secretory (ES) substance derived from parasites and extracellular vesicular components can be used as a novel therapeutic modality of allergy. Therefore, the aim of this review meticulously explored the link between helminth infection and allergy, and utilization of the helminth secretome for therapeutic immunomodulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Birhanu Ayelign
- Department of Immunology and Molecular Biology, School of Biomedical and Laboratory Sciences, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Yonas Akalu
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Banchamlak Teferi
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Meseret Derbew Molla
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Tewodros Shibabaw
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
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Thouvenot B, Roitel O, Tomasina J, Hilselberger B, Richard C, Jacquenet S, Codreanu-Morel F, Morisset M, Kanny G, Beaudouin E, Delebarre-Sauvage C, Olivry T, Favrot C, Bihain BE. Transcriptional frameshifts contribute to protein allergenicity. J Clin Invest 2020; 130:5477-5492. [PMID: 32634131 PMCID: PMC7524509 DOI: 10.1172/jci126275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2018] [Accepted: 07/01/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Transcription infidelity (TI) is a mechanism that increases RNA and protein diversity. We found that single-base omissions (i.e., gaps) occurred at significantly higher rates in the RNA of highly allergenic legumes. Transcripts from peanut, soybean, sesame, and mite allergens contained a higher density of gaps than those of nonallergens. Allergen transcripts translate into proteins with a cationic carboxy terminus depleted in hydrophobic residues. In mice, recombinant TI variants of the peanut allergen Ara h 2, but not the canonical allergen itself, induced, without adjuvant, the production of anaphylactogenic specific IgE (sIgE), binding to linear epitopes on both canonical and TI segments of the TI variants. The removal of cationic proteins from bovine lactoserum markedly reduced its capacity to induce sIgE. In peanut-allergic children, the sIgE reactivity was directed toward both canonical and TI segments of Ara h 2 variants. We discovered 2 peanut allergens, which we believe to be previously unreported, because of their RNA-DNA divergence gap patterns and TI peptide amino acid composition. Finally, we showed that the sIgE of children with IgE-negative milk allergy targeted cationic proteins in lactoserum. We propose that it is not the canonical allergens, but their TI variants, that initiate sIgE isotype switching, while both canonical and TI variants elicit clinical allergic reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Françoise Codreanu-Morel
- Unité Nationale d’Immunologie et d’Allergologie, Centre Hospitalier de Luxembourg, Luxembourg, Luxembourg
| | - Martine Morisset
- Unité d’Allergologie, Département de Pneumologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Angers, Angers, France
| | - Gisèle Kanny
- Service de Médecine Interne, Immunologie Clinique et Allergologie, Hôpitaux de Brabois, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nancy, Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France
| | - Etienne Beaudouin
- Unité d’Allergologie, Centre Hospitalier Régional de Metz, Metz, France
| | - Christine Delebarre-Sauvage
- Allergology Center Saint-Vincent de Paul Hospital, Groupe Hospitalier de l’Institut Catholique de Lille, Lille, France
| | - Thierry Olivry
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, USA
| | - Claude Favrot
- Clinic for Small Animal Internal Medicine, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
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47
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Cagnazzo TDO, Nogueira CT, de Castro CA, Neris DM, Fattori ACM, Correia RDO, Albuquerque YR, Fragelli BDDL, Mendes TMF, Allegretti SM, Soares EG, Romanello L, Torini JR, Pereira HD, Anibal FDF. Investigating Immunization With Nucleotide Enzymes of Schistosoma mansoni: Nucleoside Diphosphate Kinase and Adenylosuccinate Lyase as New Antigenic Targets Against Schistosomiasis. Front Immunol 2020; 11:569988. [PMID: 33072110 PMCID: PMC7538676 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.569988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2020] [Accepted: 08/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Schistosomiasis, caused by Schistosoma mansoni trematode worm, affects more than 1.5 million people in Brazil. The current treatment consists in the administration of Praziquantel, the only medicine used for treatment for more than 40 years. Some of the limitations of this drug consist in its inactivity against schistosomula and parasite eggs, the appearance of resistant strains and non-prevention against reinfection. Thus, the objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of immunization with recombinant functional enzymes of the purine salvage pathway of S. mansoni, Nucleoside Diphosphate Kinase (NDPK) and Adenylosuccinate Lyase (ADSL), to evaluate the host immune response, as well as the parasite load after vaccination. For this, Balb/c mice were divided into 5 groups: control (uninfected and untreated), non-immunized/infected, NDPK infected, ADSL infected, and NDPK + ADSL infected. Immunized groups received three enzyme dosages, with a 15-day interval between each dose, and after 15 days of the last application the animals were infected with 80 cercariae of S. mansoni. On the 47th day after the infection, fecal eggs were counted and, on the 48th day after the infection, the evaluation of leukocyte response, parasite load, antibody production, cytokines quantification, and histopathological analysis were performed. The results showed that immunizations with NDPK, ADSL or NDPK + ADSL promoted a discreet reduction in eosinophil counts in lavage of peritoneal cavity. All immunized animals showed increased production and secretion of IgG1, IgG2a, and IgE antibodies. Increased production of IL-4 was observed in the group immunized with the combination of both enzymes (NDPK + ADSL). In addition, in all immunized groups there were reductions in egg counts in the liver and intestine, such as reductions in liver granulomas. Thus, we suggest that immunizations with these enzymes could contribute to the reduction of schistosomiasis transmission, besides being important in immunopathogenesis control of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Túlio di Orlando Cagnazzo
- Laboratório de Inflamação e Doenças Infecciosas, Departamento de Morfologia e Patologia, Universidade Federal de São Carlos - UFSCar, São Carlos, Brazil
| | - Camila Tita Nogueira
- Laboratório de Inflamação e Doenças Infecciosas, Departamento de Morfologia e Patologia, Universidade Federal de São Carlos - UFSCar, São Carlos, Brazil
| | - Cynthia Aparecida de Castro
- Laboratório de Inflamação e Doenças Infecciosas, Departamento de Morfologia e Patologia, Universidade Federal de São Carlos - UFSCar, São Carlos, Brazil
| | - Débora Meira Neris
- Laboratório de Inflamação e Doenças Infecciosas, Departamento de Morfologia e Patologia, Universidade Federal de São Carlos - UFSCar, São Carlos, Brazil
| | - Ana Carolina Maragno Fattori
- Laboratório de Inflamação e Doenças Infecciosas, Departamento de Morfologia e Patologia, Universidade Federal de São Carlos - UFSCar, São Carlos, Brazil
| | - Ricardo de Oliveira Correia
- Laboratório de Inflamação e Doenças Infecciosas, Departamento de Morfologia e Patologia, Universidade Federal de São Carlos - UFSCar, São Carlos, Brazil
| | - Yulli Roxenne Albuquerque
- Laboratório de Inflamação e Doenças Infecciosas, Departamento de Morfologia e Patologia, Universidade Federal de São Carlos - UFSCar, São Carlos, Brazil
| | - Bruna Dias de Lima Fragelli
- Laboratório de Inflamação e Doenças Infecciosas, Departamento de Morfologia e Patologia, Universidade Federal de São Carlos - UFSCar, São Carlos, Brazil
| | | | - Silmara Marques Allegretti
- Departamento de Biologia Animal, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Edson Garcia Soares
- Laboratório de Citopatologia, Departamento de Patologia e Medicina Legal, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Larissa Romanello
- Laboratório de Biologia Estrutural, Instituto de Física de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo, São Carlos, Brazil
| | - Juliana Roberta Torini
- Laboratório de Biologia Estrutural, Instituto de Física de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo, São Carlos, Brazil
| | - Humberto D'Muniz Pereira
- Laboratório de Biologia Estrutural, Instituto de Física de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo, São Carlos, Brazil
| | - Fernanda de Freitas Anibal
- Laboratório de Inflamação e Doenças Infecciosas, Departamento de Morfologia e Patologia, Universidade Federal de São Carlos - UFSCar, São Carlos, Brazil
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48
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Wiedemann M, Voehringer D. Immunomodulation and Immune Escape Strategies of Gastrointestinal Helminths and Schistosomes. Front Immunol 2020; 11:572865. [PMID: 33042153 PMCID: PMC7527441 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.572865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2020] [Accepted: 08/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Parasitic worms (helminths) developed various immunoregulatory mechanisms to counteract the immune system of their host. The increasing identification and characterization of helminth-derived factors with strong immune modulatory activity provides novel insights into immune escape strategies of helminths. Such factors might be good targets to enhance anti-helminthic immune responses. In addition, immunosuppressive helminth-derived factors could be useful to develop new therapeutic strategies for treatment of chronic inflammatory conditions. This review will take an in depth look at the effects of immunomodulatory molecules produced by different helminths with a focus on schistosomes and mouse models of hookworm infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie Wiedemann
- Department of Infection Biology, University Hospital Erlangen and Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany
| | - David Voehringer
- Department of Infection Biology, University Hospital Erlangen and Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany
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49
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Lefranc MP, Lefranc G. Immunoglobulins or Antibodies: IMGT ® Bridging Genes, Structures and Functions. Biomedicines 2020; 8:E319. [PMID: 32878258 PMCID: PMC7555362 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines8090319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2020] [Revised: 08/23/2020] [Accepted: 08/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
IMGT®, the international ImMunoGeneTics® information system founded in 1989 by Marie-Paule Lefranc (Université de Montpellier and CNRS), marked the advent of immunoinformatics, a new science at the interface between immunogenetics and bioinformatics. For the first time, the immunoglobulin (IG) or antibody and T cell receptor (TR) genes were officially recognized as 'genes' as well as were conventional genes. This major breakthrough has allowed the entry, in genomic databases, of the IG and TR variable (V), diversity (D) and joining (J) genes and alleles of Homo sapiens and of other jawed vertebrate species, based on the CLASSIFICATION axiom. The second major breakthrough has been the IMGT unique numbering and the IMGT Collier de Perles for the V and constant (C) domains of the IG and TR and other proteins of the IG superfamily (IgSF), based on the NUMEROTATION axiom. IMGT-ONTOLOGY axioms and concepts bridge genes, sequences, structures and functions, between biological and computational spheres in the IMGT® system (Web resources, databases and tools). They provide the IMGT Scientific chart rules to identify, to describe and to analyse the IG complex molecular data, the huge diversity of repertoires, the genetic (alleles, allotypes, CNV) polymorphisms, the IG dual function (paratope/epitope, effector properties), the antibody humanization and engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie-Paule Lefranc
- IMGT, The International ImMunoGeneTics Information System, Laboratoire d’ImmunoGénétique Moléculaire LIGM, Institut de Génétique Humaine IGH, Université de Montpellier UM, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique CNRS, UMR 9002 CNRS-UM, 141 Rue de la Cardonille, CEDEX 5, 34396 Montpellier, France
| | - Gérard Lefranc
- IMGT, The International ImMunoGeneTics Information System, Laboratoire d’ImmunoGénétique Moléculaire LIGM, Institut de Génétique Humaine IGH, Université de Montpellier UM, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique CNRS, UMR 9002 CNRS-UM, 141 Rue de la Cardonille, CEDEX 5, 34396 Montpellier, France
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50
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Targeting Multiple Myeloma through the Biology of Long-Lived Plasma Cells. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12082117. [PMID: 32751699 PMCID: PMC7466116 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12082117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2020] [Accepted: 07/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Multiple myeloma (MM) is a hematological malignancy of terminally differentiated bone marrow (BM) resident B lymphocytes known as plasma cells (PC). PC that reside in the bone marrow include a distinct population of long-lived plasma cells (LLPC) that have the capacity to live for very long periods of time (decades in the human population). LLPC biology is critical for understanding MM disease induction and progression because MM shares many of the same extrinsic and intrinsic survival programs as LLPC. Extrinsic survival signals required for LLPC survival include soluble factors and cellular partners in the bone marrow microenvironment. Intrinsic programs that enhance cellular fidelity are also required for LLPC survival including increased autophagy, metabolic fitness, the unfolded protein response (UPR), and enhanced responsiveness to endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress. Targeting LLPC cell survival mechanisms have led to standard of care treatments for MM including proteasome inhibition (Bortezomib), steroids (Dexamethasone), and immunomodulatory drugs (Lenalidomide). MM patients that relapse often do so by circumventing LLPC survival pathways targeted by treatment. Understanding the mechanisms by which LLPC are able to survive can allow us insight into the treatment of MM, which allows for the enhancement of therapeutic strategies in MM both at diagnosis and upon patient relapse.
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