1
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Liu L, Sun J, Zhong C, Zhang A, Wang G, Chen S, Zhang S, Wang M, Li L. Identification of a fatty acid metabolism-related gene signature to predict prognosis in stomach adenocarcinoma. Aging (Albany NY) 2024; 16:8552-8571. [PMID: 38742949 PMCID: PMC11164501 DOI: 10.18632/aging.205823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Fatty acid metabolism (FAM) contributes to tumorigenesis and tumor development, but the role of FAM in the progression of stomach adenocarcinoma (STAD) has not been comprehensively clarified. METHODS The expression data and clinical follow-up information were obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). FAM pathway was analyzed by gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) and single-sample GSEA (ssGSEA) methods. Univariate Cox regression analysis was conducted to select prognosis genes. Molecular subtypes were classified by consensus clustering analysis. Furthermore, least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (Lasso) analysis was employed to develop a risk model. ESTIMATE and tumour immune dysfunction and exclusion (TIDE) algorithm were used to assess immunity. pRRophetic package was conducted to predict drug sensitivity. RESULTS Based on 14 FAM related prognosis genes (FAMRG), 2 clusters were determined. Patients in C2 showed a worse overall survival (OS). Furthermore, a 7-FAMRG risk model was established as an independent predictor for STAD, with a higher riskscore indicating an unfavorable OS. High riskscore patients had higher TIDE score and these patients were more sensitive to anticancer drugs such as Bortezomib, Dasatinib and Pazopanib. A nomogram based on riskscore was an effective prediction tool applicable to clinical settings. The results from pan-cancer analysis supported a prominent application value of riskscore model in other cancer types. CONCLUSION The FAMRGs model established in this study could help predict STAD prognosis and offer new directions for future studies on dysfunctional FAM-induced damage and anti-tumor drugs in STAD disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Strategic Support Force Medical Center, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Jing Sun
- Department of Spinal Surgery, Strategic Support Force Medical Center, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Changqing Zhong
- Department of Gastroenterology, Strategic Support Force Medical Center, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Ang Zhang
- Department of Hematopathology, Strategic Support Force Medical Center, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Guodong Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Strategic Support Force Medical Center, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Sheng Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Strategic Support Force Medical Center, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Shuai Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Strategic Support Force Medical Center, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Min Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Strategic Support Force Medical Center, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Lianyong Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Strategic Support Force Medical Center, Beijing 100101, China
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2
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Ucche S, Hayakawa Y. Immunological Aspects of Cancer Cell Metabolism. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:5288. [PMID: 38791327 PMCID: PMC11120853 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25105288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2024] [Revised: 05/09/2024] [Accepted: 05/09/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Cancer cells adeptly manipulate their metabolic processes to evade immune detection, a phenomenon intensifying the complexity of cancer progression and therapy. This review delves into the critical role of cancer cell metabolism in the immune-editing landscape, highlighting how metabolic reprogramming facilitates tumor cells to thrive despite immune surveillance pressures. We explore the dynamic interactions within the tumor microenvironment (TME), where cancer cells not only accelerate their glucose and amino acid metabolism but also induce an immunosuppressive state that hampers effective immune response. Recent findings underscore the metabolic competition between tumor and immune cells, particularly focusing on how this interaction influences the efficacy of emerging immunotherapies. By integrating cutting-edge research on the metabolic pathways of cancer cells, such as the Warburg effect and glutamine addiction, we shed light on potential therapeutic targets. The review proposes that disrupting these metabolic pathways could enhance the response to immunotherapy, offering a dual-pronged strategy to combat tumor growth and immune evasion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sisca Ucche
- Institute of Natural Medicine, University of Toyama, Toyama 930-0194, Japan;
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia
| | - Yoshihiro Hayakawa
- Institute of Natural Medicine, University of Toyama, Toyama 930-0194, Japan;
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3
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Mitra A, Kumar A, Amdare NP, Pathak R. Current Landscape of Cancer Immunotherapy: Harnessing the Immune Arsenal to Overcome Immune Evasion. BIOLOGY 2024; 13:307. [PMID: 38785789 PMCID: PMC11118874 DOI: 10.3390/biology13050307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2024] [Revised: 04/24/2024] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
Cancer immune evasion represents a leading hallmark of cancer, posing a significant obstacle to the development of successful anticancer therapies. However, the landscape of cancer treatment has significantly evolved, transitioning into the era of immunotherapy from conventional methods such as surgical resection, radiotherapy, chemotherapy, and targeted drug therapy. Immunotherapy has emerged as a pivotal component in cancer treatment, harnessing the body's immune system to combat cancer and offering improved prognostic outcomes for numerous patients. The remarkable success of immunotherapy has spurred significant efforts to enhance the clinical efficacy of existing agents and strategies. Several immunotherapeutic approaches have received approval for targeted cancer treatments, while others are currently in preclinical and clinical trials. This review explores recent progress in unraveling the mechanisms of cancer immune evasion and evaluates the clinical effectiveness of diverse immunotherapy strategies, including cancer vaccines, adoptive cell therapy, and antibody-based treatments. It encompasses both established treatments and those currently under investigation, providing a comprehensive overview of efforts to combat cancer through immunological approaches. Additionally, the article emphasizes the current developments, limitations, and challenges in cancer immunotherapy. Furthermore, by integrating analyses of cancer immunotherapy resistance mechanisms and exploring combination strategies and personalized approaches, it offers valuable insights crucial for the development of novel anticancer immunotherapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ankita Mitra
- Laura and Isaac Perlmutter Cancer Center, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Anoop Kumar
- Molecular Diagnostic Laboratory, National Institute of Biologicals, Noida 201309, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Nitin P. Amdare
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, NY 10461, USA
| | - Rajiv Pathak
- Department of Genetics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, NY 10461, USA
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4
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De Martino M, Rathmell JC, Galluzzi L, Vanpouille-Box C. Cancer cell metabolism and antitumour immunity. Nat Rev Immunol 2024:10.1038/s41577-024-01026-4. [PMID: 38649722 DOI: 10.1038/s41577-024-01026-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
Accumulating evidence suggests that metabolic rewiring in malignant cells supports tumour progression not only by providing cancer cells with increased proliferative potential and an improved ability to adapt to adverse microenvironmental conditions but also by favouring the evasion of natural and therapy-driven antitumour immune responses. Here, we review cancer cell-intrinsic and cancer cell-extrinsic mechanisms through which alterations of metabolism in malignant cells interfere with innate and adaptive immune functions in support of accelerated disease progression. Further, we discuss the potential of targeting such alterations to enhance anticancer immunity for therapeutic purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mara De Martino
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jeffrey C Rathmell
- Vanderbilt Center for Immunobiology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Lorenzo Galluzzi
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA.
- Sandra and Edward Meyer Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA.
- Caryl and Israel Englander Institute for Precision Medicine, New York, NY, USA.
| | - Claire Vanpouille-Box
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA.
- Sandra and Edward Meyer Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA.
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5
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Dang Q, Li B, Jin B, Ye Z, Lou X, Wang T, Wang Y, Pan X, Hu Q, Li Z, Ji S, Zhou C, Yu X, Qin Y, Xu X. Cancer immunometabolism: advent, challenges, and perspective. Mol Cancer 2024; 23:72. [PMID: 38581001 PMCID: PMC10996263 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-024-01981-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 04/07/2024] Open
Abstract
For decades, great strides have been made in the field of immunometabolism. A plethora of evidence ranging from basic mechanisms to clinical transformation has gradually embarked on immunometabolism to the center stage of innate and adaptive immunomodulation. Given this, we focus on changes in immunometabolism, a converging series of biochemical events that alters immune cell function, propose the immune roles played by diversified metabolic derivatives and enzymes, emphasize the key metabolism-related checkpoints in distinct immune cell types, and discuss the ongoing and upcoming realities of clinical treatment. It is expected that future research will reduce the current limitations of immunotherapy and provide a positive hand in immune responses to exert a broader therapeutic role.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qin Dang
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Shanghai, China
- Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Borui Li
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Shanghai, China
- Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Bing Jin
- School of Clinical Medicine, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Zeng Ye
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Shanghai, China
- Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xin Lou
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Shanghai, China
- Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ting Wang
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Shanghai, China
- Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Shanghai, China
- Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xuan Pan
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Yijishan Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, China
| | - Qiangsheng Hu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zheng Li
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Shanghai, China
- Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shunrong Ji
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Shanghai, China
- Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chenjie Zhou
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Shanghai, China
- Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xianjun Yu
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China.
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
- Shanghai Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Shanghai, China.
- Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Yi Qin
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China.
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
- Shanghai Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Shanghai, China.
- Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Xiaowu Xu
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China.
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
- Shanghai Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Shanghai, China.
- Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
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6
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Rezaie J, Chodari L, Mohammadpour-Asl S, Jafari A, Niknam Z. Cell-mediated barriers in cancer immunosurveillance. Life Sci 2024; 342:122528. [PMID: 38408406 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2024.122528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2023] [Revised: 02/07/2024] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 02/28/2024]
Abstract
The immune cells within the tumor microenvironment (TME) exert multifaceted functions ranging from tumor-antagonizing or tumor-promoting activities. During the initial phases of tumor development, the tumor-antagonizing immune cells in the TME combat cancer cells in an immune surveillance process. However, with time, cancer cells can evade detection and impede the immune cells' effectiveness through diverse mechanisms, such as decreasing immunogenic antigen presentation on their surfaces and/or secreting anti-immune factors that cause tolerance in TME. Moreover, some immune cells cause immunosuppressive situations and inhibit antitumoral immune responses. Physical and cellular-mediated barriers in the TME, such as cancer-associated fibroblasts, tumor endothelium, the altered lipid composition of tumor cells, and exosomes secreted from cancer cells, also mediate immunosuppression and prevent extravasation of immune cells. Due to successful clinical outcomes of cancer treatment strategies the potential barriers must be identified and addressed. We need to figure out how to optimize cancer immunotherapy strategies, and how to combine therapeutic approaches for maximum clinical benefit. This review provides a detailed overview of various cells and molecules in the TME, their association with escaping from immune surveillance, therapeutic targets, and future perspectives for improving cancer immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jafar Rezaie
- Solid Tumor Research Center, Cellular and Molecular Medicine Research Institute, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | - Leila Chodari
- Neurophysiology Research Center, Cellular and Molecular Medicine Research Institute, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran; Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | - Shadi Mohammadpour-Asl
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran; Student Research Committee, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | - Abbas Jafari
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Cellular and Molecular Medicine Research Institute, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | - Zahra Niknam
- Neurophysiology Research Center, Cellular and Molecular Medicine Research Institute, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran.
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7
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Menendez JA, Cuyàs E, Encinar JA, Vander Steen T, Verdura S, Llop‐Hernández À, López J, Serrano‐Hervás E, Osuna S, Martin‐Castillo B, Lupu R. Fatty acid synthase (FASN) signalome: A molecular guide for precision oncology. Mol Oncol 2024; 18:479-516. [PMID: 38158755 PMCID: PMC10920094 DOI: 10.1002/1878-0261.13582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2023] [Revised: 10/27/2023] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024] Open
Abstract
The initial excitement generated more than two decades ago by the discovery of drugs targeting fatty acid synthase (FASN)-catalyzed de novo lipogenesis for cancer therapy was short-lived. However, the advent of the first clinical-grade FASN inhibitor (TVB-2640; denifanstat), which is currently being studied in various phase II trials, and the exciting advances in understanding the FASN signalome are fueling a renewed interest in FASN-targeted strategies for the treatment and prevention of cancer. Here, we provide a detailed overview of how FASN can drive phenotypic plasticity and cell fate decisions, mitochondrial regulation of cell death, immune escape and organ-specific metastatic potential. We then present a variety of FASN-targeted therapeutic approaches that address the major challenges facing FASN therapy. These include limitations of current FASN inhibitors and the lack of precision tools to maximize the therapeutic potential of FASN inhibitors in the clinic. Rethinking the role of FASN as a signal transducer in cancer pathogenesis may provide molecularly driven strategies to optimize FASN as a long-awaited target for cancer therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javier A. Menendez
- Metabolism & Cancer Group, Program Against Cancer Therapeutic Resistance (ProCURE)Catalan Institute of OncologyGironaSpain
- Girona Biomedical Research InstituteGironaSpain
| | - Elisabet Cuyàs
- Metabolism & Cancer Group, Program Against Cancer Therapeutic Resistance (ProCURE)Catalan Institute of OncologyGironaSpain
- Girona Biomedical Research InstituteGironaSpain
| | - Jose Antonio Encinar
- Institute of Research, Development and Innovation in Biotechnology of Elche (IDiBE) and Molecular and Cell Biology Institute (IBMC)Miguel Hernández University (UMH)ElcheSpain
| | - Travis Vander Steen
- Division of Experimental Pathology, Department of Laboratory Medicine and PathologyMayo ClinicRochesterMNUSA
- Mayo Clinic Cancer CenterRochesterMNUSA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology LaboratoryMayo Clinic LaboratoryRochesterMNUSA
| | - Sara Verdura
- Metabolism & Cancer Group, Program Against Cancer Therapeutic Resistance (ProCURE)Catalan Institute of OncologyGironaSpain
- Girona Biomedical Research InstituteGironaSpain
| | - Àngela Llop‐Hernández
- Metabolism & Cancer Group, Program Against Cancer Therapeutic Resistance (ProCURE)Catalan Institute of OncologyGironaSpain
- Girona Biomedical Research InstituteGironaSpain
| | - Júlia López
- Metabolism & Cancer Group, Program Against Cancer Therapeutic Resistance (ProCURE)Catalan Institute of OncologyGironaSpain
- Girona Biomedical Research InstituteGironaSpain
| | - Eila Serrano‐Hervás
- Metabolism & Cancer Group, Program Against Cancer Therapeutic Resistance (ProCURE)Catalan Institute of OncologyGironaSpain
- Girona Biomedical Research InstituteGironaSpain
- CompBioLab Group, Institut de Química Computacional i Catàlisi (IQCC) and Departament de QuímicaUniversitat de GironaGironaSpain
| | - Sílvia Osuna
- CompBioLab Group, Institut de Química Computacional i Catàlisi (IQCC) and Departament de QuímicaUniversitat de GironaGironaSpain
- ICREABarcelonaSpain
| | - Begoña Martin‐Castillo
- Metabolism & Cancer Group, Program Against Cancer Therapeutic Resistance (ProCURE)Catalan Institute of OncologyGironaSpain
- Girona Biomedical Research InstituteGironaSpain
- Unit of Clinical ResearchCatalan Institute of OncologyGironaSpain
| | - Ruth Lupu
- Division of Experimental Pathology, Department of Laboratory Medicine and PathologyMayo ClinicRochesterMNUSA
- Mayo Clinic Cancer CenterRochesterMNUSA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology LaboratoryMayo Clinic LaboratoryRochesterMNUSA
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8
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Cenigaonandia-Campillo A, Garcia-Bautista A, Rio-Vilariño A, Cebrian A, Del Puerto L, Pellicer JA, Gabaldón JA, Pérez-Sánchez H, Carmena-Bargueño M, Meroño C, Traba J, Fernandez-Aceñero MJ, Baños-Herraiz N, Mozas-Vivar L, Núñez-Delicado E, Garcia-Foncillas J, Aguilera Ó. Vitamin-C-dependent downregulation of the citrate metabolism pathway potentiates pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma growth arrest. Mol Oncol 2024. [PMID: 38425123 DOI: 10.1002/1878-0261.13616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Revised: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 02/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024] Open
Abstract
In pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), metabolic rewiring and resistance to standard therapy are closely associated. PDAC cells show enormous requirements for glucose-derived citrate, the first rate-limiting metabolite in the synthesis of new lipids. Both the expression and activity of citrate synthase (CS) are extraordinarily upregulated in PDAC. However, no previous relationship between gemcitabine response and citrate metabolism has been documented in pancreatic cancer. Here, we report for the first time that pharmacological doses of vitamin C are capable of exerting an inhibitory action on the activity of CS, reducing glucose-derived citrate levels. Moreover, ascorbate targets citrate metabolism towards the de novo lipogenesis pathway, impairing fatty acid synthase (FASN) and ATP citrate lyase (ACLY) expression. Lowered citrate availability was found to be directly associated with diminished proliferation and, remarkably, enhanced gemcitabine response. Moreover, the deregulated citrate-derived lipogenic pathway correlated with a remarkable decrease in extracellular pH through inhibition of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and overall reduced glycolytic metabolism. Modulation of citric acid metabolism in highly chemoresistant pancreatic adenocarcinoma, through molecules such as vitamin C, could be considered as a future clinical option to improve patient response to standard chemotherapy regimens.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ana Garcia-Bautista
- Translational Oncology Division, Oncohealth Institute, IIS-Fundación Jimenez Diaz-UAM (Madrid), Spain
| | - Anxo Rio-Vilariño
- Translational Oncology Division, Oncohealth Institute, IIS-Fundación Jimenez Diaz-UAM (Madrid), Spain
| | - Arancha Cebrian
- Translational Oncology Division, Oncohealth Institute, IIS-Fundación Jimenez Diaz-UAM (Madrid), Spain
| | - Laura Del Puerto
- Translational Oncology Division, Oncohealth Institute, IIS-Fundación Jimenez Diaz-UAM (Madrid), Spain
| | - José Antonio Pellicer
- Molecular Recognition and Encapsulation Research Group (REM), Health Sciences Department, Universidad Católica de Murcia (UCAM), Spain
| | - José Antonio Gabaldón
- Molecular Recognition and Encapsulation Research Group (REM), Health Sciences Department, Universidad Católica de Murcia (UCAM), Spain
| | - Horacio Pérez-Sánchez
- Bioinformatics and High-Performance Computing Research Group (BIO-HPC), Computer Engineering Department, Universidad Católica de Murcia (UCAM), Spain
| | - Miguel Carmena-Bargueño
- Bioinformatics and High-Performance Computing Research Group (BIO-HPC), Computer Engineering Department, Universidad Católica de Murcia (UCAM), Spain
| | - Carolina Meroño
- Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (CSIC-UAM), Spain
- Instituto Universitario de Biología Molecular-UAM (IUBM-UAM), Departamento de Biología Molecular, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Spain
| | - Javier Traba
- Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (CSIC-UAM), Spain
- Instituto Universitario de Biología Molecular-UAM (IUBM-UAM), Departamento de Biología Molecular, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Spain
| | | | | | - Lorena Mozas-Vivar
- Preclinical programe START Madrid-FJD Hospital fundación Jiménez Díaz, Spain
| | - Estrella Núñez-Delicado
- Molecular Recognition and Encapsulation Research Group (REM), Health Sciences Department, Universidad Católica de Murcia (UCAM), Spain
| | - Jesús Garcia-Foncillas
- Translational Oncology Division, Oncohealth Institute, IIS-Fundación Jimenez Diaz-UAM (Madrid), Spain
| | - Óscar Aguilera
- Translational Oncology Division, Oncohealth Institute, IIS-Fundación Jimenez Diaz-UAM (Madrid), Spain
- Universidad Católica de Murcia (UCAM), Spain
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9
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Wu Y, Pu X, Wang X, Xu M. Reprogramming of lipid metabolism in the tumor microenvironment: a strategy for tumor immunotherapy. Lipids Health Dis 2024; 23:35. [PMID: 38302980 PMCID: PMC10832245 DOI: 10.1186/s12944-024-02024-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 02/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Lipid metabolism in cancer cells has garnered increasing attention in recent decades. Cancer cells thrive in hypoxic conditions, nutrient deficiency, and oxidative stress and cannot be separated from alterations in lipid metabolism. Therefore, cancer cells exhibit increased lipid metabolism, lipid uptake, lipogenesis and storage to adapt to a progressively challenging environment, which contribute to their rapid growth. Lipids aid cancer cell activation. Cancer cells absorb lipids with the help of transporter and translocase proteins to obtain energy. Abnormal levels of a series of lipid synthases contribute to the over-accumulation of lipids in the tumor microenvironment (TME). Lipid reprogramming plays an essential role in the TME. Lipids are closely linked to several immune cells and their phenotypic transformation. The reprogramming of tumor lipid metabolism further promotes immunosuppression, which leads to immune escape. This event significantly affects the progression, treatment, recurrence, and metastasis of cancer. Therefore, the present review describes alterations in the lipid metabolism of immune cells in the TME and examines the connection between lipid metabolism and immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuting Wu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Jiangsu University Cancer Institute, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, 438 Jiefang Road, Jingkou, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, 212001, P. R. China
- Digestive Disease Research Institute of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212001, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xi Pu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Jiangsu University Cancer Institute, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, 438 Jiefang Road, Jingkou, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, 212001, P. R. China
- Digestive Disease Research Institute of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212001, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xu Wang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Institute of Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212001, Jiangsu, China.
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Jiangsu University Cancer Institute, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, 438 Jiefang Road, Jingkou, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, 212001, P. R. China.
| | - Min Xu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Jiangsu University Cancer Institute, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, 438 Jiefang Road, Jingkou, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, 212001, P. R. China.
- Digestive Disease Research Institute of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212001, Jiangsu, China.
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10
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Chuang YM, Tzeng SF, Ho PC, Tsai CH. Immunosurveillance encounters cancer metabolism. EMBO Rep 2024; 25:471-488. [PMID: 38216787 PMCID: PMC10897436 DOI: 10.1038/s44319-023-00038-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2023] [Revised: 12/02/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Tumor cells reprogram nutrient acquisition and metabolic pathways to meet their energetic, biosynthetic, and redox demands. Similarly, metabolic processes in immune cells support host immunity against cancer and determine differentiation and fate of leukocytes. Thus, metabolic deregulation and imbalance in immune cells within the tumor microenvironment have been reported to drive immune evasion and to compromise therapeutic outcomes. Interestingly, emerging evidence indicates that anti-tumor immunity could modulate tumor heterogeneity, aggressiveness, and metabolic reprogramming, suggesting that immunosurveillance can instruct cancer progression in multiple dimensions. This review summarizes our current understanding of how metabolic crosstalk within tumors affects immunogenicity of tumor cells and promotes cancer progression. Furthermore, we explain how defects in the metabolic cascade can contribute to developing dysfunctional immune responses against cancers and discuss the contribution of immunosurveillance to these defects as a feedback mechanism. Finally, we highlight ongoing clinical trials and new therapeutic strategies targeting cellular metabolism in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Ming Chuang
- Department of Fundamental Oncology, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Sheue-Fen Tzeng
- Graduate Institute of Life Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ping-Chih Ho
- Department of Fundamental Oncology, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.
| | - Chin-Hsien Tsai
- Graduate Institute of Life Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan.
- Department and Graduate Institute of Biochemistry, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan.
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11
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Bai R, Cui J. Regulation of fatty acid synthase on tumor and progress in the development of related therapies. Chin Med J (Engl) 2024:00029330-990000000-00938. [PMID: 38273440 DOI: 10.1097/cm9.0000000000002880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
ABSTRACT Fatty acid synthase (FASN) is an essential molecule in lipid metabolic pathways, which are crucial for cancer-related studies. Recent studies have focused on a comprehensive understanding of the novel and important regulatory effects of FASN on malignant biological behavior and immune-cell infiltration, which are closely related to tumor occurrence and development, immune escape, and immune response. FASN-targeting antitumor treatment strategies are being developed. Therefore, in this review, we focused on the effects of FASN on tumor and immune-cell infiltration and reviewed the progress of related anti-tumor therapy development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rilan Bai
- Cancer Center, the First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, China
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12
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Xiao Y, Yang Y, Xiong H, Dong G. The implications of FASN in immune cell biology and related diseases. Cell Death Dis 2024; 15:88. [PMID: 38272906 PMCID: PMC10810964 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-024-06463-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Revised: 01/05/2024] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 01/27/2024]
Abstract
Fatty acid metabolism, particularly fatty acid synthesis, is a very important cellular physiological process in which nutrients are used for energy storage and biofilm synthesis. As a key enzyme in the fatty acid metabolism, fatty acid synthase (FASN) is receiving increasing attention. Although previous studies on FASN have mainly focused on various malignancies, many studies have recently reported that FASN regulates the survival, differentiation, and function of various immune cells, and subsequently participates in the occurrence and development of immune-related diseases. However, few studies to date systematically summarized the function and molecular mechanisms of FASN in immune cell biology and related diseases. In this review, we discuss the regulatory effect of FASN on immune cells, and the progress in research on the implications of FASN in immune-related diseases. Understanding the function of FASN in immune cell biology and related diseases can offer insights into novel treatment strategies for clinical diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yucai Xiao
- Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
- Institute of Immunology and Molecular Medicine, Jining Medical University, Jining, 272067, Shandong, China
- Jining Key Laboratory of Immunology, Jining Medical University, Jining, 272067, Shandong, China
| | - Yonghong Yang
- Medical Research Center, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jining, 272007, Shandong, China
| | - Huabao Xiong
- Institute of Immunology and Molecular Medicine, Jining Medical University, Jining, 272067, Shandong, China.
- Jining Key Laboratory of Immunology, Jining Medical University, Jining, 272067, Shandong, China.
| | - Guanjun Dong
- Institute of Immunology and Molecular Medicine, Jining Medical University, Jining, 272067, Shandong, China.
- Jining Key Laboratory of Immunology, Jining Medical University, Jining, 272067, Shandong, China.
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13
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Zhang S, Lv K, Liu Z, Zhao R, Li F. Fatty acid metabolism of immune cells: a new target of tumour immunotherapy. Cell Death Discov 2024; 10:39. [PMID: 38245525 PMCID: PMC10799907 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-024-01807-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Revised: 12/25/2023] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 01/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Metabolic competition between tumour cells and immune cells for limited nutrients is an important feature of the tumour microenvironment (TME) and is closely related to the outcome of tumour immune escape. A large number of studies have proven that tumour cells need metabolic reprogramming to cope with acidification and hypoxia in the TME while increasing energy uptake to support their survival. Among them, synthesis, oxidation and uptake of fatty acids (FAs) in the TME are important manifestations of lipid metabolic adaptation. Although different immune cell subsets often show different metabolic characteristics, various immune cell functions are closely related to fatty acids, including providing energy, providing synthetic materials and transmitting signals. In the face of the current situation of poor therapeutic effects of tumour immunotherapy, combined application of targeted immune cell fatty acid metabolism seems to have good therapeutic potential, which is blocked at immune checkpoints. Combined application of adoptive cell therapy and cancer vaccines is reflected. Therefore, it is of great interest to explore the role of fatty acid metabolism in immune cells to discover new strategies for tumour immunotherapy and improve anti-tumour immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng Zhang
- Center of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Kebing Lv
- Center of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Zhen Liu
- Center of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Ran Zhao
- Center of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Fei Li
- Center of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China.
- Jiangxi Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Disease, Nanchang, China.
- Institute of Lymphoma and Myeloma, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China.
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14
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Zhang S, Gao Y, Wang P, Wang S, Wang Y, Li M, Wang A, Zhao K, Zhang Z, Sun J, Guo D, Liang Z. Tryptophan metabolism enzymes are potential targets in ovarian clear cell carcinoma. Cancer Med 2023; 12:21996-22005. [PMID: 38062922 PMCID: PMC10757115 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.6778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Revised: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 12/31/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM As the second most prevalent subtype of epithelial ovarian cancers, ovarian clear cell carcinoma (OCCC) is known for its chemoresistance to conventional platinum-based therapy. In this work, we examined the tryptophan (Trp) metabolism enzymes' differential expression in patients with OCCC to assess the potential for personalised treatment. METHODS A total of 127 OCCC tissues were used to construct tissue microarrays, and immunohistochemistry (IHC) staining of the Trp enzymes IDO1, IDO2, TDO2 and IL4I1 was performed. The correlations between Trp enzyme expression and clinical characteristics were analysed. RESULTS Positive IDO1, IDO2, TDO2 and IL4I1 staining was identified in 26.8%, 94.5%, 75.6% and 82.7% of OCCC respectively. IDO1-positive samples were more common in the chemoresistant group than in the platinum-sensitive group (46.7% vs. 19.8%). Moreover, positive expression of IDO1, TDO2 and IL4I1 was related to advanced stage, metastasis, bilateral tumours, endometriosis and tumour rupture (p < 0.05) respectively. Univariate analysis revealed a significant association between bilateral tumours, lymph node metastasis, advanced stage, distant metastasis and aberrant cytology with a poor prognosis for OCCC, while the absence of residual tumour was correlated with a favourable outcome (p < 0.05). However, only bilateral tumours and lymph node metastases were related to a poor prognosis after multivariate analysis. CONCLUSION This is the first study to investigate the expression of the Trp enzymes IDO1, IDO2, TDO2 and IL4I1 in OCCC tissues. IDO2, TDO2 and IL4I1 were detected in the majority of OCCC. Clinical traits were correlated with IDO1, IDO2, TDO2 and IL4I1 expression. IDO1 may be used as a therapeutic target given the large percentage of chemoresistant cases with IDO1 expression. These results will aid the development of personalised therapies for OCCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumei Zhang
- Clinical Biobank, Peking Union Medical College HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingChina
- Department of Medical Research Centre, Peking Union Medical College HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingChina
| | - Yike Gao
- Department of Pathology, Molecular Pathology Research Centre, Peking Union Medical College HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Science & Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingChina
| | - Pan Wang
- Department of PathologyAffiliated Hospital of Hebei UniversityBaodingHebei ProvinceChina
| | - Shu Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital (PUMCH)Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingChina
- National Clinical Research Centre for Obstetric & Gynaecologic DiseasesBeijingChina
| | - Yuming Wang
- Department of Pathology, Molecular Pathology Research Centre, Peking Union Medical College HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Science & Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingChina
| | - Mei Li
- Department of Pathology, Molecular Pathology Research Centre, Peking Union Medical College HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Science & Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingChina
| | - Anqi Wang
- Clinical Biobank, Peking Union Medical College HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingChina
- Department of Medical Research Centre, Peking Union Medical College HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingChina
| | - Kun Zhao
- Clinical Biobank, Peking Union Medical College HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingChina
- Department of Medical Research Centre, Peking Union Medical College HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingChina
| | - Zixin Zhang
- Clinical Biobank, Peking Union Medical College HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingChina
- Department of Medical Research Centre, Peking Union Medical College HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingChina
| | - Jian Sun
- Department of Pathology, Molecular Pathology Research Centre, Peking Union Medical College HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Science & Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingChina
| | - Dan Guo
- Clinical Biobank, Peking Union Medical College HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingChina
- Department of Medical Research Centre, Peking Union Medical College HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingChina
| | - Zhiyong Liang
- Department of Pathology, Molecular Pathology Research Centre, Peking Union Medical College HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Science & Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingChina
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15
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Kim DH, Song NY, Yim H. Targeting dysregulated lipid metabolism in the tumor microenvironment. Arch Pharm Res 2023; 46:855-881. [PMID: 38060103 PMCID: PMC10725365 DOI: 10.1007/s12272-023-01473-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Accepted: 11/25/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023]
Abstract
The reprogramming of lipid metabolism and its association with oncogenic signaling pathways within the tumor microenvironment (TME) have emerged as significant hallmarks of cancer. Lipid metabolism is defined as a complex set of molecular processes including lipid uptake, synthesis, transport, and degradation. The dysregulation of lipid metabolism is affected by enzymes and signaling molecules directly or indirectly involved in the lipid metabolic process. Regulation of lipid metabolizing enzymes has been shown to modulate cancer development and to avoid resistance to anticancer drugs in tumors and the TME. Because of this, understanding the metabolic reprogramming associated with oncogenic progression is important to develop strategies for cancer treatment. Recent advances provide insight into fundamental mechanisms and the connections between altered lipid metabolism and tumorigenesis. In this review, we explore alterations to lipid metabolism and the pivotal factors driving lipid metabolic reprogramming, which exacerbate cancer progression. We also shed light on the latest insights and current therapeutic approaches based on small molecular inhibitors and phytochemicals targeting lipid metabolism for cancer treatment. Further investigations are worthwhile to fully understand the underlying mechanisms and the correlation between altered lipid metabolism and carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Do-Hee Kim
- Department of Chemistry, College of Convergence and Integrated Science, Kyonggi University, Suwon, 16227, Korea
| | - Na-Young Song
- Department of Applied Life Science, The Graduate School, BK21 Four Project, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722, Korea
- Department of Oral Biology, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul, 03722, Korea
| | - Hyungshin Yim
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Institute of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Hanyang University, Ansan, 15588, Korea.
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16
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Zhao Y, Zhang X, An M, Zhang J, Liu Y. Recent advancements in nanomedicine based lipid metabolism for tumour immunotherapy. J Drug Target 2023; 31:1050-1064. [PMID: 37962291 DOI: 10.1080/1061186x.2023.2283829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023]
Abstract
Therapy on lipid metabolism is emerging as a groundbreaking cancer treatment, offering the unprecedented opportunity to effectively treat and in several cases. Tumorigenesis is inextricably linked to lipid metabolism. In this regard, the features of lipid metabolism include lipid synthesis, decomposition, metabolism and lipid storage and mobilisation from intracellular lipid droplets. Most importantly, the regulation of lipid metabolism is central to the appropriate immune response of tumour cells, and ultimately to exert the immune efforts to realise the perspective of many anti-tumour effects. Different cancers and immune cells have different dependence on lipid metabolism, playing a pivotal role in differentiation and function of immune cells. However, what lies before the immunotherapy targeting lipid metabolism is side effects of systemic toxicity and defects of individual drugs, which strongly highlights that nanodelivery strategy is a magnet for it to enhance drug efficiency, reduce drug toxicity and improve application deficiencies. This review will first focus on emerging research progress of lipid metabolic reprogramming mechanism, and then explore the complex role of lipid metabolism in the tumour cells including the effect on immune cells and their nano-preparations of monotherapy and multiple therapies used in combination, in a shift away from conventional cancer research.HighlightsThe regulation of lipid metabolism is central to the appropriate immune response of tumour cells, and ultimately to exert the immune efforts to realise the perspective of many anti-tumour effects.Preparations of focusing lipid metabolism have side effects of systemic toxicity and defects of individual drugs. It strongly highlights that nanodelivery strategy is a magnet for it to enhance drug efficiency, reduce drug toxicity and improve application deficiencies.This review will first focus on emerging research progress of lipid metabolic reprogramming mechanism, and then explore the complex role of lipid metabolism in the tumour cells including the effect on immune cells as well as their nano-preparations of monotherapy and multiple therapies used in combination, in a shift away from conventional cancer research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yumeng Zhao
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Xiaojie Zhang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Min An
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Juntao Zhang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Yanhua Liu
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
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17
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Yin D, Zhang Y, Li H, Cheng L. Association of TOP2A and ADH1B with lipid levels and prognosis in patients with lung adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma. THE CLINICAL RESPIRATORY JOURNAL 2023; 17:1301-1315. [PMID: 37985446 PMCID: PMC10730466 DOI: 10.1111/crj.13717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Revised: 10/09/2023] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) and lung squamous cell carcinoma (LUSC) have different pathological and clinical features, they may share common driver genes. It was found that lipid levels can be used for early diagnosis of NSCLC; however, the relationship between driver genes and genes regulating lipid metabolism and their relationship with patient prognosis needs further investigation. METHODS Genes whose expression was up- or down-regulated in both LUAD and LUSC were identified using the GEO database. Online tools like GEPIA 2, PrognoScan, UALCAN, and TIMER2.0 were used to investigate the association of these gene expressions with the patient's prognosis and lipid regulatory genes. The association between clinical lipid levels and the risk of LUAD and LUSC was analyzed by using a multiple logistic regression model. RESULTS Topoisomerase II alpha (TOP2A) and alcohol dehydrogenase 1B (ADH1B) were identified as the only genes up- and down-regulated in both LUAD and LUSC. TOP2A and ADH1B expression levels significantly correlated with the patient's gender, age, individual cancer stage, histological subtype, nodal metastasis status, and TP53 mutation status. Additionally, only LUAD patients with higher TOP2A or lower ADH1B expressions displayed poor overall and relapse-free survival rates. Moreover, TOP2A levels exhibited a negative correlation with adipose triglyceride lipase (ATGL) and ATP-binding cassette transporter A1 (ABCA1) in both LUAD and LUSC. However, ADH1B showed inverse associations with the above-mentioned genes when compared to TOP2A expressions in both LUAD and LUSC. Furthermore, elevated triglyceride (OR = 1.59; 95% CI = 1.01 to 2.49; P < 0.05) and total cholesterol (OR = 2.45; 95% CI = 1.08 to 5.57; P < 0.05) levels might increase the risk of LUAD. CONCLUSIONS TOP2A and ADH1B can be used as diagnostic markers for LUAD and LUSC, but only as independent prognostic factors for LUAD, and may be involved in lipid metabolism in LUAD patients but not in LUSC. Thus, combining genetic diagnostics with lipid panel tests might be an effective method for an early diagnosis and improved prognosis of LUAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongdong Yin
- First Affiliated Hospital (Huainan First People's Hospital)Anhui University of Science and TechnologyHuainanChina
| | - Yinci Zhang
- First Affiliated Hospital (Huainan First People's Hospital)Anhui University of Science and TechnologyHuainanChina
| | - Hui Li
- First Affiliated Hospital (Huainan First People's Hospital)Anhui University of Science and TechnologyHuainanChina
| | - Longqiang Cheng
- First Affiliated Hospital (Huainan First People's Hospital)Anhui University of Science and TechnologyHuainanChina
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18
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Goswami S, Zhang Q, Celik CE, Reich EM, Yilmaz ÖH. Dietary fat and lipid metabolism in the tumor microenvironment. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2023; 1878:188984. [PMID: 37722512 PMCID: PMC10937091 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2023.188984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Revised: 08/26/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/20/2023]
Abstract
Metabolic reprogramming has been considered a core hallmark of cancer, in which excessive accumulation of lipids promote cancer initiation, progression and metastasis. Lipid metabolism often includes the digestion and absorption of dietary fat, and the ways in which cancer cells utilize lipids are often influenced by the complex interactions within the tumor microenvironment. Among multiple cancer risk factors, obesity has a positive association with multiple cancer types, while diets like calorie restriction and fasting improve health and delay cancer. Impact of these diets on tumorigenesis or cancer prevention are generally studied on cancer cells, despite heterogeneity of the tumor microenvironment. Cancer cells regularly interact with these heterogeneous microenvironmental components, including immune and stromal cells, to promote cancer progression and metastasis, and there is an intricate metabolic crosstalk between these compartments. Here, we focus on discussing fat metabolism and response to dietary fat in the tumor microenvironment, focusing on both immune and stromal components and shedding light on therapeutic strategies surrounding lipid metabolic and signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Swagata Goswami
- Department of Biology, The David H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research at MIT, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
| | - Qiming Zhang
- Department of Biology, The David H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research at MIT, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
| | - Cigdem Elif Celik
- Department of Biology, The David H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research at MIT, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; Hacettepe Univ, Canc Inst, Department Basic Oncol, Ankara TR-06100, Turkiye
| | - Ethan M Reich
- Department of Biology, The David H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research at MIT, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Ömer H Yilmaz
- Department of Biology, The David H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research at MIT, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA; Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Beth Israel Deaconness Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA.
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19
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Sun Z, Zhang L, Liu L. Reprogramming the lipid metabolism of dendritic cells in tumor immunomodulation and immunotherapy. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 167:115574. [PMID: 37757492 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2023] [Revised: 09/16/2023] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Dendritic cells (DCs) are the most potent antigen-presenting cells in the human body. They detect and process environmental signals and communicate with T cells to bridge innate and adaptive immunity. Cell activation, function, and survival are closely associated with cellular metabolism. An increasing number of studies have revealed that lipid metabolism affects DC activation as well as innate and acquired immune responses. Combining lipid metabolic regulation with immunotherapy can strengthen the ability of antigen-presentation and T-cell activation of DCs, improve the existing anti-tumor therapy, and overcome the defects of DC-related therapies in the current stage, which has great potential in cancer therapy. This review summarizes the lipid metabolism of DCs under physiological conditions, analyzes the role of reprogramming the lipid metabolism of DCs in tumor immune regulation, and discusses potential immunotherapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhanbo Sun
- Department of Radiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, China
| | - Lingyun Zhang
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, China
| | - Lixian Liu
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, China.
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20
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Augustin RC, Newman S, Li A, Joy M, Lyons M, Pham MP, Lucas P, Smith K, Sander C, Isett B, Davar D, Najjar YG, Zarour HM, Kirkwood JM, Luke JJ, Bao R. Identification of tumor-intrinsic drivers of immune exclusion in acral melanoma. J Immunother Cancer 2023; 11:e007567. [PMID: 37857525 PMCID: PMC10603348 DOI: 10.1136/jitc-2023-007567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/07/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Acral melanoma (AM) has distinct characteristics as compared with cutaneous melanoma and exhibits poor response to immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs). Tumor-intrinsic mechanisms of immune exclusion have been identified in many cancers but less studied in AM. We characterized clinically annotated tumors from patients diagnosed with AM at our institution in correlation with ICI response using whole transcriptome RNAseq, whole exome sequencing, CD8 immunohistochemistry, and multispectral immunofluorescence imaging. A defined interferon-γ-associated T cell-inflamed gene signature was used to categorize tumors into non-T cell-inflamed and T cell-inflamed phenotypes. In combination with AM tumors from two published studies, we systematically assessed the immune landscape of AM and detected differential gene expression and pathway activation in a non-T cell-inflamed tumor microenvironment (TME). Two single-cell(sc) RNAseq AM cohorts and 11 bulk RNAseq cohorts of various tumor types were used for independent validation on pathways associated with lack of ICI response. In total, 892 specimens were included in this study. 72.5% of AM tumors showed low expression of the T cell-inflamed gene signature, with 23.9% of total tumors categorized as the non-T cell-inflamed phenotype. Patients of low CD3+CD8+PD1+ intratumoral T cell density showed poor prognosis. We identified 11 oncogenic pathways significantly upregulated in non-T cell-inflamed relative to T cell-inflamed TME shared across all three acral cohorts (MYC, HGF, MITF, VEGF, EGFR, SP1, ERBB2, TFEB, SREBF1, SOX2, and CCND1). scRNAseq analysis revealed that tumor cell-expressing pathway scores were significantly higher in low versus high T cell-infiltrated AM tumors. We further demonstrated that the 11 pathways were enriched in ICI non-responders compared with responders across cancers, including AM, cutaneous melanoma, triple-negative breast cancer, and non-small cell lung cancer. Pathway activation was associated with low expression of interferon stimulated genes, suggesting suppression of antigen presentation. Across the 11 pathways, fatty acid synthase and CXCL8 were unifying downstream target molecules suggesting potential nodes for therapeutic intervention. A unique set of pathways is associated with immune exclusion and ICI resistance in AM. These data may inform immunotherapy combinations for immediate clinical translation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan C Augustin
- UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
- Department of Medical Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Sarah Newman
- UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Aofei Li
- UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Marion Joy
- UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Maureen Lyons
- UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Mary P Pham
- UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Peter Lucas
- UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Katelyn Smith
- UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Cindy Sander
- UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Brian Isett
- UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Diwakar Davar
- UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Yana G Najjar
- UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Hassane M Zarour
- UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
- Department of Immunology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - John M Kirkwood
- UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Jason John Luke
- UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Riyue Bao
- UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
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21
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Corey Z, Schechter E, Nemenoff RA. Un-FASN-ing cancer's seat belt: Linking lipid metabolism and antigen presentation. Cell Chem Biol 2023; 30:1004-1006. [PMID: 37738950 DOI: 10.1016/j.chembiol.2023.08.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Revised: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/24/2023]
Abstract
MHC-II expression on cancer cells is associated with improved treatment outcome. In this issue, Huang et al.1 report a panel of small molecules that selectively upregulate MHC-II on cancer cells through suppression of fatty acid synthase (FASN), resulting in inhibition of tumor growth. Targeting this link between lipid metabolism and antigen presentation may improve response to immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zachary Corey
- Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Elyse Schechter
- Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Raphael A Nemenoff
- Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA.
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22
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Sun H, Zhang L, Wang Z, Gu D, Zhu M, Cai Y, Li L, Tang J, Huang B, Bosco B, Li N, Wu L, Wu W, Li L, Liang Y, Luo L, Liu Q, Zhu Y, Sun J, Shi L, Xia T, Yang C, Xu Q, Han X, Zhang W, Liu J, Meng D, Shao H, Zheng X, Li S, Pan H, Ke J, Jiang W, Zhang X, Han X, Chu J, An H, Ge J, Pan C, Wang X, Li K, Wang Q, Ding Q. Single-cell transcriptome analysis indicates fatty acid metabolism-mediated metastasis and immunosuppression in male breast cancer. Nat Commun 2023; 14:5590. [PMID: 37696831 PMCID: PMC10495415 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-41318-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 09/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Male breast cancer (MBC) is a rare but aggressive malignancy with cellular and immunological characteristics that remain unclear. Here, we perform transcriptomic analysis for 111,038 single cells from tumor tissues of six MBC and thirteen female breast cancer (FBC) patients. We find that that MBC has significantly lower infiltration of T cells relative to FBC. Metastasis-related programs are more active in cancer cells from MBC. The activated fatty acid metabolism involved with FASN is related to cancer cell metastasis and low immune infiltration of MBC. T cells in MBC show activation of p38 MAPK and lipid oxidation pathways, indicating a dysfunctional state. In contrast, T cells in FBC exhibit higher expression of cytotoxic markers and immune activation pathways mediated by immune-modulatory cytokines. Moreover, we identify the inhibitory interactions between cancer cells and T cells in MBC. Our study provides important information for understanding the tumor immunology and metabolism of MBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Handong Sun
- Jiangsu Breast Disease Center, The First Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, 210029, Nanjing, China
| | - Lishen Zhang
- Department of Bioinformatics, Nanjing Medical University, 101 Longmian Avenue, 211166, Nanjing, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Personalized Cancer Medicine, Jiangsu Key Lab of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Nanjing Medical University, 211166, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu Cancer Hospital, Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research, 210002, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhonglin Wang
- Department of Breast Surgery, The Second People's Hospital of Lianyungang, 41 Hailian East Road, 222006, Lianyungang, China
| | - Danling Gu
- National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Antibody Techniques, Department of Cell Biology, Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Human Functional Genomics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Nanjing Medical University, 211166, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Mengyan Zhu
- Department of Bioinformatics, Nanjing Medical University, 101 Longmian Avenue, 211166, Nanjing, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Personalized Cancer Medicine, Jiangsu Key Lab of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Nanjing Medical University, 211166, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu Cancer Hospital, Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research, 210002, Nanjing, China
| | - Yun Cai
- Department of Bioinformatics, Nanjing Medical University, 101 Longmian Avenue, 211166, Nanjing, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Personalized Cancer Medicine, Jiangsu Key Lab of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Nanjing Medical University, 211166, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu Cancer Hospital, Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research, 210002, Nanjing, China
| | - Lu Li
- Department of Bioinformatics, Nanjing Medical University, 101 Longmian Avenue, 211166, Nanjing, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Personalized Cancer Medicine, Jiangsu Key Lab of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Nanjing Medical University, 211166, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu Cancer Hospital, Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research, 210002, Nanjing, China
| | - Jiaqi Tang
- Department of Bioinformatics, Nanjing Medical University, 101 Longmian Avenue, 211166, Nanjing, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Personalized Cancer Medicine, Jiangsu Key Lab of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Nanjing Medical University, 211166, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu Cancer Hospital, Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research, 210002, Nanjing, China
| | - Bin Huang
- Department of Bioinformatics, Nanjing Medical University, 101 Longmian Avenue, 211166, Nanjing, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Personalized Cancer Medicine, Jiangsu Key Lab of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Nanjing Medical University, 211166, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu Cancer Hospital, Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research, 210002, Nanjing, China
| | - Bakwatanisa Bosco
- Department of Bioinformatics, Nanjing Medical University, 101 Longmian Avenue, 211166, Nanjing, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Personalized Cancer Medicine, Jiangsu Key Lab of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Nanjing Medical University, 211166, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu Cancer Hospital, Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research, 210002, Nanjing, China
| | - Ning Li
- Department of Bioinformatics, Nanjing Medical University, 101 Longmian Avenue, 211166, Nanjing, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Personalized Cancer Medicine, Jiangsu Key Lab of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Nanjing Medical University, 211166, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu Cancer Hospital, Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research, 210002, Nanjing, China
| | - Lingxiang Wu
- Department of Bioinformatics, Nanjing Medical University, 101 Longmian Avenue, 211166, Nanjing, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Personalized Cancer Medicine, Jiangsu Key Lab of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Nanjing Medical University, 211166, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu Cancer Hospital, Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research, 210002, Nanjing, China
| | - Wei Wu
- Department of Bioinformatics, Nanjing Medical University, 101 Longmian Avenue, 211166, Nanjing, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Personalized Cancer Medicine, Jiangsu Key Lab of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Nanjing Medical University, 211166, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu Cancer Hospital, Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research, 210002, Nanjing, China
| | - Liangyu Li
- Department of Bioinformatics, Nanjing Medical University, 101 Longmian Avenue, 211166, Nanjing, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Personalized Cancer Medicine, Jiangsu Key Lab of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Nanjing Medical University, 211166, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu Cancer Hospital, Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research, 210002, Nanjing, China
| | - Yuan Liang
- Department of Bioinformatics, Nanjing Medical University, 101 Longmian Avenue, 211166, Nanjing, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Personalized Cancer Medicine, Jiangsu Key Lab of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Nanjing Medical University, 211166, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu Cancer Hospital, Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research, 210002, Nanjing, China
| | - Lin Luo
- Department of Bioinformatics, Nanjing Medical University, 101 Longmian Avenue, 211166, Nanjing, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Personalized Cancer Medicine, Jiangsu Key Lab of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Nanjing Medical University, 211166, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu Cancer Hospital, Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research, 210002, Nanjing, China
| | - Quanzhong Liu
- Department of Bioinformatics, Nanjing Medical University, 101 Longmian Avenue, 211166, Nanjing, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Personalized Cancer Medicine, Jiangsu Key Lab of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Nanjing Medical University, 211166, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu Cancer Hospital, Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research, 210002, Nanjing, China
| | - Yanhui Zhu
- Jiangsu Breast Disease Center, The First Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, 210029, Nanjing, China
| | - Jie Sun
- Department of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 188 Shizi Street, 215006, Suzhou, China
| | - Liang Shi
- Jiangsu Breast Disease Center, The First Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, 210029, Nanjing, China
| | - Tiansong Xia
- Jiangsu Breast Disease Center, The First Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, 210029, Nanjing, China
| | - Chuang Yang
- Jiangsu Breast Disease Center, The First Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, 210029, Nanjing, China
| | - Qitong Xu
- Jiangsu Breast Disease Center, The First Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, 210029, Nanjing, China
| | - Xue Han
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, 210029, Nanjing, China
| | - Weiming Zhang
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, 210029, Nanjing, China
| | - Jianxia Liu
- Department of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 188 Shizi Street, 215006, Suzhou, China
| | - Dong Meng
- Department of Breast Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, 1000 Hefeng Road, 214000, Wuxi, China
| | - Hua Shao
- Department of Breast Surgery, The Second People's Hospital of Lianyungang, 41 Hailian East Road, 222006, Lianyungang, China
| | - Xiangxin Zheng
- Department of Breast Surgery, Affiliated Suqian Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, 138 Huanghe South Road, 223800, Suqian, China
| | - Shuqin Li
- The Affiliated Lianyungang Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, 6 Zhenhua East Road, 222006, Lianyungang, China
| | - Hua Pan
- Liyang People's Hospital, 70 Jianshe West Road, 213300, Liyang, China
| | - Jing Ke
- The Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, 20 Xisi Road, 226300, Nantong, China
| | - Wenying Jiang
- Department of Breast Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 185 Juqian Street, 213000, Changzhou, China
| | - Xiaolan Zhang
- Department of Breast Surgery, The Affiliated Changzhou Second People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 29 Xinglong Lane, 213000, Changzhou, China
| | - Xuedong Han
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Huai'an First People's Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, 1 Huanghe West Road, 223300, Huai'an, China
| | - Jian Chu
- Department of General Surgery, the First People's Hospital of Yancheng, 66 Renmin South Road, 224001, Yancheng, China
| | - Hongyin An
- Department of General Surgery, the First People's Hospital of Yancheng, 66 Renmin South Road, 224001, Yancheng, China
| | - Juyan Ge
- Department of Pathology, The Second People's Hospital of Lianyungang, 41 Hailian East Road, 222006, Lianyungang, China
| | - Chi Pan
- Department of Breast Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, College of Medicine, 88 Jiefang Road, 310009, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiuxing Wang
- National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Antibody Techniques, Department of Cell Biology, Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Human Functional Genomics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Nanjing Medical University, 211166, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- Institute for Brain Tumors, Jiangsu Key Lab of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Collaborative Innovation Center for Personalized Cancer Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Medicine, Division of Regenerative Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Kening Li
- Department of Bioinformatics, Nanjing Medical University, 101 Longmian Avenue, 211166, Nanjing, China.
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Personalized Cancer Medicine, Jiangsu Key Lab of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Nanjing Medical University, 211166, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.
- The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu Cancer Hospital, Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research, 210002, Nanjing, China.
| | - Qianghu Wang
- Department of Bioinformatics, Nanjing Medical University, 101 Longmian Avenue, 211166, Nanjing, China.
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Personalized Cancer Medicine, Jiangsu Key Lab of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Nanjing Medical University, 211166, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.
- The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu Cancer Hospital, Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research, 210002, Nanjing, China.
- Biomedical Big Data Center, Nanjing Medical University, 211166, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Qiang Ding
- Jiangsu Breast Disease Center, The First Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, 210029, Nanjing, China.
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23
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Tang PW, Frisbie L, Hempel N, Coffman L. Insights into the tumor-stromal-immune cell metabolism cross talk in ovarian cancer. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2023; 325:C731-C749. [PMID: 37545409 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00588.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2023] [Revised: 07/25/2023] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 08/08/2023]
Abstract
The ovarian cancer tumor microenvironment (TME) consists of a constellation of abundant cellular components, extracellular matrix, and soluble factors. Soluble factors, such as cytokines, chemokines, structural proteins, extracellular vesicles, and metabolites, are critical means of noncontact cellular communication acting as messengers to convey pro- or antitumorigenic signals. Vast advancements have been made in our understanding of how cancer cells adapt their metabolism to meet environmental demands and utilize these adaptations to promote survival, metastasis, and therapeutic resistance. The stromal TME contribution to this metabolic rewiring has been relatively underexplored, particularly in ovarian cancer. Thus, metabolic activity alterations in the TME hold promise for further study and potential therapeutic exploitation. In this review, we focus on the cellular components of the TME with emphasis on 1) metabolic signatures of ovarian cancer; 2) understanding the stromal cell network and their metabolic cross talk with tumor cells; and 3) how stromal and tumor cell metabolites alter intratumoral immune cell metabolism and function. Together, these elements provide insight into the metabolic influence of the TME and emphasize the importance of understanding how metabolic performance drives cancer progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priscilla W Tang
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States
| | - Leonard Frisbie
- Department of Integrative Systems Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States
| | - Nadine Hempel
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States
| | - Lan Coffman
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States
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24
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Augustin RC, Newman S, Li A, Joy M, Lyons M, Pham M, Lucas PC, Smith K, Sander C, Isett B, Davar D, Najjar YG, Zarour HM, Kirkwood JM, Luke JJ, Bao R. Identification of tumor-intrinsic drivers of immune exclusion in acral melanoma. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.08.24.554717. [PMID: 37662409 PMCID: PMC10473736 DOI: 10.1101/2023.08.24.554717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/05/2023]
Abstract
Background Acral melanoma (AM) has distinct characteristics as compared to cutaneous melanoma and exhibits poor response to immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI). Tumor-intrinsic mechanisms of immune exclusion have been identified in many cancers but less studied in AM. Methods We characterized clinically annotated tumors from patients diagnosed with AM at our institution in correlation with ICI response using whole transcriptome RNAseq, whole exome sequencing, CD8 immunohistochemistry, and multispectral immunofluorescence imaging. A defined interferon-γ-associated T cell-inflamed gene signature was used to categorize tumors into non-T cell-inflamed and T cell-inflamed phenotypes. In combination with AM tumors from two published studies, we systematically assessed the immune landscape of AM and detected differential gene expression and pathway activation in a non-T cell-inflamed tumor microenvironment (TME). Two single-cell(sc) RNAseq AM cohorts and 11 bulk RNAseq cohorts of various tumor types were used for independent validation on pathways associated with lack of ICI response. In total, 892 specimens were included in this study. Results 72.5% of AM tumors showed low expression of the T cell-inflamed gene signature, with 23.9% of total tumors categorized as the non-T cell-inflamed phenotype. Patients of low CD3 + CD8 + PD1 + intratumoral T cell density showed poor prognosis. We identified 11 oncogenic pathways significantly upregulated in non-T cell-inflamed relative to T cell-inflamed TME shared across all three acral cohorts (MYC, HGF, MITF, VEGF, EGFR, SP1, ERBB2, TFEB, SREBF1, SOX2, and CCND1). scRNAseq analysis revealed that tumor cell-expressing pathway scores were significantly higher in low vs high T cell-infiltrated AM tumors. We further demonstrated that the 11 pathways were enriched in ICI non-responders compared to responders across cancers, including acral melanoma, cutaneous melanoma, triple-negative breast cancer, and non-small cell lung cancer. Pathway activation was associated with low expression of interferon stimulated genes, suggesting suppression of antigen presentation. Across the 11 pathways, fatty acid synthase and CXCL8 were unifying downstream target molecules suggesting potential nodes for therapeutic intervention. Conclusions A unique set of pathways is associated with immune exclusion and ICI resistance in AM. These data may inform immunotherapy combinations for immediate clinical translation.
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25
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Zipinotti Dos Santos D, de Souza JC, Pimenta TM, da Silva Martins B, Junior RSR, Butzene SMS, Tessarolo NG, Cilas PML, Silva IV, Rangel LBA. The impact of lipid metabolism on breast cancer: a review about its role in tumorigenesis and immune escape. Cell Commun Signal 2023; 21:161. [PMID: 37370164 PMCID: PMC10304265 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-023-01178-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2023] [Accepted: 05/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Breast cancer (BC) is the second most frequent type of cancer in the world and most common among women, configuring a major challenge to global health. BC is a complex and heterogeneous disease that can be subdivided into distinct tumor types based on the expression of molecular markers predicting patient outcomes and response to therapy. A growing number of studies have tried to expand the known markers by investigating the association of altered lipid metabolism with BC immune escape, progression, and metastasis. In this review, we describe the metabolic peculiarities of each BC subtype, understanding how this influences its aggressiveness and identifying whether these intrinsic vulnerabilities of each subtype can play a role in therapeutic management and may affect immune system cells in the tumor microenvironment. CONCLUSION The evidence suggests so far that when changes occur in lipid pathways, it can affect the availability of structural lipids for membrane synthesis, lipid synthesis, and degradation that contribute to energy homeostasis and cell signaling functions. These findings will guide the next steps on the path to understanding the mechanisms underlying how lipids alterations are related to disparities in chemotherapeutic response and immune escape in BC. Video Abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diandra Zipinotti Dos Santos
- Biotechnology Program/RENORBIO, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Espírito Santo, Vitoria (Espírito Santo), Brazil.
| | - Josiany Carlos de Souza
- Biotechnology Program/RENORBIO, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Espírito Santo, Vitoria (Espírito Santo), Brazil
| | - Tatiana Massariol Pimenta
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Espirito Santo, Marechal Campos Avenue, MaruípeEspírito Santo, Vitória, 1468, Brazil
| | - Bárbara da Silva Martins
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Espirito Santo, Marechal Campos Avenue, MaruípeEspírito Santo, Vitória, 1468, Brazil
| | - Roberto Silva Ribeiro Junior
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Espirito Santo, Marechal Campos Avenue, MaruípeEspírito Santo, Vitória, 1468, Brazil
| | - Solenny Maria Silva Butzene
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Espirito Santo, Marechal Campos Avenue, MaruípeEspírito Santo, Vitória, 1468, Brazil
| | - Nayara Gusmão Tessarolo
- Viral Vector Laboratory, Center for Translational Investigation in Oncology, Cancer Institute of São Paulo/LIM24, University of São Paulo School of Medicine, São Paulo, (São Paulo), Brazil
| | | | - Ian Victor Silva
- Department of Morphology, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Espirito Santo, Vitoria, Espirito Santo, Brazil
| | - Leticia B A Rangel
- Biotechnology Program/RENORBIO, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Espírito Santo, Vitoria (Espírito Santo), Brazil.
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Espirito Santo, Marechal Campos Avenue, MaruípeEspírito Santo, Vitória, 1468, Brazil.
- Biochemistry Program, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Espirito Santo, Vitoria, Brazil.
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26
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Fu X, Song J, Yan W, Downs BM, Wang W, Li J. The biological function of tumor-derived extracellular vesicles on metabolism. Cell Commun Signal 2023; 21:150. [PMID: 37349803 PMCID: PMC10286389 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-023-01111-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Accepted: 03/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Multiple studies have shown that extracellular vesicles (EVs) play a key role in the process of information transfer and material transport between cells. EVs are classified into different types according to their sizes, which includes the class of exosomes. In comparison to normal EVs, tumor-derived EVs (TDEs) have both altered components and quantities of contents. TDEs have been shown to help facilitate an environment conducive to the occurrence and development of tumor by regulation of glucose, lipids and amino acids. Furthermore, TDEs can also affect the host metabolism and immune system. EVs have been shown to have multiple clinically useful properties, including the use of TDEs as biomarkers for the early diagnosis of diseases and using the transport properties of exosomes for drug delivery. Targeting the key bioactive cargoes of exosomes could be applied to provide new strategies for the treatment of tumors. In this review, we summarize the finding of studies focused on measuring the effects of TDE on tumor-related microenvironment and systemic metabolism. Video Abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyu Fu
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060 Hubei China
- Department of General Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060 Hubei China
| | - Junlong Song
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060 Hubei China
| | - Wei Yan
- School of Life Science, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072 Hubei China
| | - Bradley M. Downs
- Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21231 USA
| | - Weixing Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060 Hubei China
| | - Juanjuan Li
- Cancer Center, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060 Hubei China
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27
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Duong LK, Corbali HI, Riad TS, Ganjoo S, Nanez S, Voss T, Barsoumian HB, Welsh J, Cortez MA. Lipid metabolism in tumor immunology and immunotherapy. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1187279. [PMID: 37205182 PMCID: PMC10185832 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1187279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Lipids are a diverse class of biomolecules that have been implicated in cancer pathophysiology and in an array of immune responses, making them potential targets for improving immune responsiveness. Lipid and lipid oxidation also can affect tumor progression and response to treatment. Although their importance in cellular functions and their potential as cancer biomarkers have been explored, lipids have yet to be extensively investigated as a possible form of cancer therapy. This review explores the role of lipids in cancer pathophysiology and describes how further understanding of these macromolecules could prompt novel treatments for cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa K. Duong
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Halil Ibrahim Corbali
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
- Department of Medical Pharmacology, Cerrahpasa Medical Faculty, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Türkiye
| | - Thomas S. Riad
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Shonik Ganjoo
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Selene Nanez
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Tiffany Voss
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Hampartsoum B. Barsoumian
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - James Welsh
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Maria Angelica Cortez
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
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28
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Liu J, Zhang X, Wang H, Zuo X, Hong L. Comprehensive Analysis of Purine-Metabolism-Related Gene Signature for Predicting Ovarian Cancer Prognosis, Immune Landscape, and Potential Treatment Options. J Pers Med 2023; 13:jpm13050776. [PMID: 37240946 DOI: 10.3390/jpm13050776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2023] [Revised: 04/25/2023] [Accepted: 04/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Purine metabolism is an important branch of metabolic reprogramming and has received increasing attention in cancer research. Ovarian cancer is an extremely dangerous gynecologic malignancy for which there are no adequate tools to predict prognostic risk. Here, we identified a prognostic signature consisting of nine genes related to purine metabolism, including ACSM1, CACNA1C, EPHA4, TPM3, PDIA4, JUNB, EXOSC4, TRPM2, and CXCL9. The risk groups defined by the signature are able to distinguish the prognostic risk and the immune landscape of patients. In particular, the risk scores offer promising personalized drug options. By combining risk scores with clinical characteristics, we have created a more detailed composite nomogram that allows for a more complete and individualized prediction of prognosis. In addition, we demonstrated metabolic differences between platinum-resistant and platinum-sensitive ovarian cancer cells. In summary, we have performed the first comprehensive analysis of genes related to purine metabolism in ovarian cancer patients and created a feasible prognostic signature that will aid in risk prediction and support personalized medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingchun Liu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China
| | - Xiaoyi Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China
| | - Haoyu Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China
| | - Xiaohu Zuo
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China
| | - Li Hong
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China
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29
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Ursino C, Mouric C, Gros L, Bonnefoy N, Faget J. Intrinsic features of the cancer cell as drivers of immune checkpoint blockade response and refractoriness. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1170321. [PMID: 37180110 PMCID: PMC10169604 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1170321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Immune checkpoint blockade represents the latest revolution in cancer treatment by substantially increasing patients' lifetime and quality of life in multiple neoplastic pathologies. However, this new avenue of cancer management appeared extremely beneficial in a minority of cancer types and the sub-population of patients that would benefit from such therapies remain difficult to predict. In this review of the literature, we have summarized important knowledge linking cancer cell characteristics with the response to immunotherapy. Mostly focused on lung cancer, our objective was to illustrate how cancer cell diversity inside a well-defined pathology might explain sensitivity and refractoriness to immunotherapies. We first discuss how genomic instability, epigenetics and innate immune signaling could explain differences in the response to immune checkpoint blockers. Then, in a second part we detailed important notions suggesting that altered cancer cell metabolism, specific oncogenic signaling, tumor suppressor loss as well as tight control of the cGAS/STING pathway in the cancer cells can be associated with resistance to immune checkpoint blockade. At the end, we discussed recent evidences that could suggest that immune checkpoint blockade as first line therapy might shape the cancer cell clones diversity and give rise to the appearance of novel resistance mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Julien Faget
- Institut de Recherche en Cancérologie de Montpellier (IRCM), Inserm U1194, Univ Montpellier, Institut du Cancer de Montpellier (ICM), Montpellier, France
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Murali R, Balasubramaniam V, Srinivas S, Sundaram S, Venkatraman G, Warrier S, Dharmarajan A, Gandhirajan RK. Deregulated Metabolic Pathways in Ovarian Cancer: Cause and Consequence. Metabolites 2023; 13:metabo13040560. [PMID: 37110218 PMCID: PMC10141515 DOI: 10.3390/metabo13040560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2023] [Revised: 04/06/2023] [Accepted: 04/14/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Ovarian cancers are tumors that originate from the different cells of the ovary and account for almost 4% of all the cancers in women globally. More than 30 types of tumors have been identified based on the cellular origins. Epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) is the most common and lethal type of ovarian cancer which can be further divided into high-grade serous, low-grade serous, endometrioid, clear cell, and mucinous carcinoma. Ovarian carcinogenesis has been long attributed to endometriosis which is a chronic inflammation of the reproductive tract leading to progressive accumulation of mutations. Due to the advent of multi-omics datasets, the consequences of somatic mutations and their role in altered tumor metabolism has been well elucidated. Several oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes have been implicated in the progression of ovarian cancer. In this review, we highlight the genetic alterations undergone by the key oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes responsible for the development of ovarian cancer. We also summarize the role of these oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes and their association with a deregulated network of fatty acid, glycolysis, tricarboxylic acid and amino acid metabolism in ovarian cancers. Identification of genomic and metabolic circuits will be useful in clinical stratification of patients with complex etiologies and in identifying drug targets for personalized therapies against cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roopak Murali
- Department of Human Genetics, Faculty of Biomedical Sciences Technology and Research, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research (Deemed to be University), Porur, Chennai 600116, India
| | - Vaishnavi Balasubramaniam
- Department of Human Genetics, Faculty of Biomedical Sciences Technology and Research, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research (Deemed to be University), Porur, Chennai 600116, India
| | - Satish Srinivas
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Sri Ramachandra Medical College & Research Institute, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education & Research (Deemed to be University), Porur, Chennai 600116, India
| | - Sandhya Sundaram
- Department of Pathology, Sri Ramachandra Medical College & Research Institute, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education & Research (Deemed to be University), Porur, Chennai 600116, India
| | - Ganesh Venkatraman
- Department of Human Genetics, Faculty of Biomedical Sciences Technology and Research, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research (Deemed to be University), Porur, Chennai 600116, India
| | - Sudha Warrier
- Division of Cancer Stem Cells and Cardiovascular Regeneration, School of Regenerative Medicine, Manipal Academy of Higher Education (MAHE), Bangalore 560065, India
- Cuor Stem Cellutions Pvt Ltd., Manipal Institute of Regenerative Medicine, Manipal Academy of Higher Education (MAHE), Bangalore 560065, India
| | - Arun Dharmarajan
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Biomedical Sciences Technology and Research, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research (Deemed to be University), Porur, Chennai 600116, India
- Stem Cell and Cancer Biology Laboratory, Curtin University, Perth, WA 6102, Australia
- School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, Curtin University, Perth, WA 6102, Australia
- Curtin Health and Innovation Research Institute, Curtin University, Perth, WA 6102, Australia
| | - Rajesh Kumar Gandhirajan
- Department of Human Genetics, Faculty of Biomedical Sciences Technology and Research, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research (Deemed to be University), Porur, Chennai 600116, India
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Vanauberg D, Schulz C, Lefebvre T. Involvement of the pro-oncogenic enzyme fatty acid synthase in the hallmarks of cancer: a promising target in anti-cancer therapies. Oncogenesis 2023; 12:16. [PMID: 36934087 PMCID: PMC10024702 DOI: 10.1038/s41389-023-00460-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2022] [Revised: 03/01/2023] [Accepted: 03/03/2023] [Indexed: 03/20/2023] Open
Abstract
An accelerated de novo lipogenesis (DNL) flux is a common characteristic of cancer cells required to sustain a high proliferation rate. The DNL enzyme fatty acid synthase (FASN) is overexpressed in many cancers and is pivotal for the increased production of fatty acids. There is increasing evidences of the involvement of FASN in several hallmarks of cancer linked to its ability to promote cell proliferation via membranes biosynthesis. In this review we discuss about the implication of FASN in the resistance to cell death and in the deregulation of cellular energetics by increasing nucleic acids, protein and lipid synthesis. FASN also promotes cell proliferation, cell invasion, metastasis and angiogenesis by enabling the building of lipid rafts and consequently to the localization of oncogenic receptors such as HER2 and c-Met in membrane microdomains. Finally, FASN is involved in immune escape by repressing the activation of pro-inflammatory cells and promoting the recruitment of M2 macrophages and T regulatory cells in the tumor microenvironment. Here, we provide an overview of the involvement of the pro-oncogenic enzyme in the hallmarks of cancer making FASN a promising target in anti-cancer therapy to circumvent resistance to chemotherapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dimitri Vanauberg
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, UMR 8576 - UGSF - Unité de Glycobiologie Structurale et Fonctionnelle, F-59000, Lille, France
| | - Céline Schulz
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, UMR 8576 - UGSF - Unité de Glycobiologie Structurale et Fonctionnelle, F-59000, Lille, France
| | - Tony Lefebvre
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, UMR 8576 - UGSF - Unité de Glycobiologie Structurale et Fonctionnelle, F-59000, Lille, France.
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Yan CY, Zhao ML, Wei YN, Zhao XH. Mechanisms of drug resistance in breast cancer liver metastases: Dilemmas and opportunities. Mol Ther Oncolytics 2023; 28:212-229. [PMID: 36860815 PMCID: PMC9969274 DOI: 10.1016/j.omto.2023.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related deaths in females worldwide, and the liver is one of the most common sites of distant metastases in breast cancer patients. Patients with breast cancer liver metastases face limited treatment options, and drug resistance is highly prevalent, leading to a poor prognosis and a short survival. Liver metastases respond extremely poorly to immunotherapy and have shown resistance to treatments such as chemotherapy and targeted therapies. Therefore, to develop and to optimize treatment strategies as well as to explore potential therapeutic approaches, it is crucial to understand the mechanisms of drug resistance in breast cancer liver metastases patients. In this review, we summarize recent advances in the research of drug resistance mechanisms in breast cancer liver metastases and discuss their therapeutic potential for improving patient prognoses and outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Yan Yan
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110022, People’s Republic of China
| | - Meng-Lu Zhao
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110022, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ya-Nan Wei
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110022, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xi-He Zhao
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110022, People’s Republic of China
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Pajai S, John JE, Tripathi SC. Targeting immune-onco-metabolism for precision cancer therapy. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1124715. [PMID: 36816957 PMCID: PMC9932929 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1124715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 01/12/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Immune cells play a key role in host defence against infection and cancer. Unlike infection, cancer is a multidimensional disease where cancer cells require continuous activation of certain pathways to sustain their growth and survival. The tumour milieu plays an important role in defining the metabolic reprogramming to support this growth and evasion from the immune system. Cancer and stromal cells modulate each other's metabolism during cancer progression or regression. The mechanism related to change in the metabolism and its role in the crosstalk between tumour and immune cells is still an area of immense importance. Current treatment modalities can be immensely complemented and benefited by targeting the immuno-oncology metabolism, that can improve patient prognosis. This emerging aspect of immune-oncology metabolism is reviewed here, discussing therapeutic possibilities within various metabolic pathways and their effect on immune and cancer cell metabolism.
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Review to Understand the Crosstalk between Immunotherapy and Tumor Metabolism. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 28:molecules28020862. [PMID: 36677919 PMCID: PMC9863813 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28020862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2022] [Revised: 01/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Immune checkpoint inhibitors have ushered in a new era of cancer treatment by increasing the likelihood of long-term survival for patients with metastatic disease and by introducing fresh therapeutic indications in cases where the disease is still in its early stages. Immune checkpoint inhibitors that target the proteins cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated antigen-4 (CTLA-4) or programmed death-1/programmed death ligand-1 have significantly improved overall survival in patients with certain cancers and are expected to help patients achieve complete long-lasting remissions and cures. Some patients who receive immune checkpoint inhibitors, however, either experience therapeutic failure or eventually develop immunotherapy resistance. Such individuals are common, which necessitates a deeper understanding of how cancer progresses, particularly with regard to nutritional regulation in the tumor microenvironment (TME), which comprises metabolic cross-talk between metabolites and tumor cells as well as intracellular metabolism in immune and cancer cells. Combination of immunotherapy with targeted metabolic regulation might be a focus of future cancer research despite a lack of existing clinical evidence. Here, we reviewed the significance of the tumor microenvironment and discussed the most significant immunological checkpoints that have recently been identified. In addition, metabolic regulation of tumor immunity and immunological checkpoints in the TME, including glycolysis, amino acid metabolism, lipid metabolism, and other metabolic pathways were also incorporated to discuss the possible metabolism-based treatment methods being researched in preclinical and clinical settings. This review will contribute to the identification of a relationship or crosstalk between tumor metabolism and immunotherapy, which will shed significant light on cancer treatment and cancer research.
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Yu X, Tong H, Chen J, Tang C, Wang S, Si Y, Wang S, Tang Z. CircRNA MBOAT2 promotes intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma progression and lipid metabolism reprogramming by stabilizing PTBP1 to facilitate FASN mRNA cytoplasmic export. Cell Death Dis 2023; 14:20. [PMID: 36635270 PMCID: PMC9837196 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-022-05540-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2022] [Revised: 12/18/2022] [Accepted: 12/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
The carcinogenic role of FASN by regulating lipid metabolism reprogramming has been well-established in multiple tumors. However, whether mechanisms during intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) progression, such as circRNAs, regulate FASN expression remains unknown. Here we demonstrate a lipid metabolism-related circRNA, circMBOAT2 (hsa_circ_0007334 in circBase), frequently upregulated in ICC tissues, and positively correlated with ICC malignant features. CircMBOAT2 knockdown inhibits the growth and metastasis of ICC cells. Mechanistically, circMBOAT2 combines with PTBP1 and protects PTBP1 from ubiquitin/proteasome-dependent degradation, impairing the function of PTBP1 to transfer FASN mRNA from the nucleus to the cytoplasm. Moreover, circMBOAT2 and FASN have the same effect on fatty acid profile, unsaturated fatty acids instead of saturated fatty acids are primarily regulated and associated with malignant behaviors of ICC cells. The levels of lipid peroxidation and ROS were significantly higher when FASN was knocked down and recovered when circMBOAT2 was overexpressed. Our results identified that circMBOAT2 was upregulated in ICC and promoted progression by stabilizing PTBP1 to facilitate FASN mRNA cytoplasmic export, which altered lipid metabolic profile and regulated redox homeostasis in ICC, suggesting that circMBOAT2 may serve as an available therapeutic target for ICC with active lipid metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaopeng Yu
- Department of General Surgery, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200092, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Biliary Tract Disease Research, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Huanjun Tong
- Department of General Surgery, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200092, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Biliary Tract Disease Research, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Jialu Chen
- Department of General Surgery, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200092, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Biliary Tract Disease Research, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Chenwei Tang
- Department of General Surgery, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Shuqing Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Yu Si
- Department of Blood Transfusion, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Shouhua Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200092, China.
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Biliary Tract Disease Research, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200092, China.
| | - Zhaohui Tang
- Department of General Surgery, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200092, China.
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Biliary Tract Disease Research, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200092, China.
- Department of Blood Transfusion, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200092, China.
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Zhang M, Yu L, Sun Y, Hao L, Bai J, Yuan X, Wu R, Hong M, Liu P, Duan X, Wang C. Comprehensive Analysis of FASN in Tumor Immune Infiltration and Prognostic Value for Immunotherapy and Promoter DNA Methylation. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232415603. [PMID: 36555243 PMCID: PMC9779179 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232415603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Revised: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 12/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Fatty acid synthase (FASN) promotes tumor progression in multiple cancers. In this study, we comprehensively examined the expression, prognostic significance, and promoter methylation of FASN, and its correlation with immune cell infiltration in pan-cancer. Our results demonstrated that elevated FASN expression was significantly associated with an unfavorable prognosis in many cancer types. Furthermore, FASN promoter DNA methylation can be used as a tumor prognosis marker. Importantly, high levels of FASN were significantly negatively correlated with tumor immune infiltration in 35 different cancers. Additionally, FASN was significantly associated with tumor mutational burden (TMB) and microsatellite instability (MSI) in multiple malignancies, suggesting that it may be essential for tumor immunity. We also investigated the effects of FASN expression on immunotherapy efficacy and prognosis. In up to 15 tumors, it was significantly negatively correlated with immunotherapy-related genes, such as PD-1, PD-L1, and CTLA-4. Moreover, we found that tumors with high FASN expression may be more sensitive to immunotherapy and have a good prognosis with PD-L1 treatment. Finally, we confirmed the tumor-suppressive effect of mir-195-5p through FASN. Altogether, our results suggested that FASN may serve as a novel prognostic indicator and immunotherapeutic target in various malignancies.
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Wang Q, Tian N, Zhang W, Lin Z, Shi F, Kong Y, Ren Y, Lyu J, Qin H, Liu H. Fatty Acid Synthase Mutations Predict Favorable Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor Outcome and Response in Melanoma and Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Patients. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14225638. [PMID: 36428733 PMCID: PMC9688165 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14225638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2022] [Revised: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 11/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Fatty acid synthase (FASN) acts as the central member in fatty acid synthesis and metabolism processes, which regulate oncogenic signals and tumor immunogenicity. To date, no studies have reported the connection of FASN mutations with ICI efficacy. In this study, from 631 melanoma and 109 NSCLC patients who received ICI treatments, we retrospectively curated multiomics profiles and ICI treatment data. We also explored the potential molecular biological mechanisms behind FASN alterations. In melanoma patients, FASN mutations were observed to associate with a preferable immunotherapeutic prognosis and response rate (both p < 0.01). These connections were further corroborated by the NSCLC patients (both p < 0.01). Further analyses showed that a favorable tumor immunogenicity and immune microenvironment were involved in FASN mutations. This work confirms the clinical immunotherapy implications of FASN mutation-mediated fatty acid metabolism and provides a possible indicator for immunotherapy prognosis prediction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qinghua Wang
- Department of Health Statistics, Key Laboratory of Medicine and Health of Shandong Province, School of Public Health, Weifang Medical University, Weifang 261053, China
- Correspondence: (Q.W.); (H.L.); Tel.: +86-8462426 (Q.W.); +86-8462250 (H.L.)
| | - Na Tian
- Department of Health Statistics, Key Laboratory of Medicine and Health of Shandong Province, School of Public Health, Weifang Medical University, Weifang 261053, China
| | - Wenjing Zhang
- Department of Health Statistics, Key Laboratory of Medicine and Health of Shandong Province, School of Public Health, Weifang Medical University, Weifang 261053, China
| | - Zhijuan Lin
- Key Laboratory for Immunology in Universities of Shandong Province, School of Basical Medicine, Weifang Medical University, Weifang 261053, China
| | - Fuyan Shi
- Department of Health Statistics, Key Laboratory of Medicine and Health of Shandong Province, School of Public Health, Weifang Medical University, Weifang 261053, China
| | - Yujia Kong
- Department of Health Statistics, Key Laboratory of Medicine and Health of Shandong Province, School of Public Health, Weifang Medical University, Weifang 261053, China
| | - Yanfeng Ren
- Department of Health Statistics, Key Laboratory of Medicine and Health of Shandong Province, School of Public Health, Weifang Medical University, Weifang 261053, China
| | - Juncheng Lyu
- Department of Health Statistics, Key Laboratory of Medicine and Health of Shandong Province, School of Public Health, Weifang Medical University, Weifang 261053, China
| | - Hao Qin
- Weifang Key Laboratory for Food Nutrition and Safety, School of Public Health, Weifang Medical University, Weifang 261053, China
| | - Hongqing Liu
- Department of Health Statistics, Key Laboratory of Medicine and Health of Shandong Province, School of Public Health, Weifang Medical University, Weifang 261053, China
- Correspondence: (Q.W.); (H.L.); Tel.: +86-8462426 (Q.W.); +86-8462250 (H.L.)
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Bouzas A, Gómez de Cedrón M, Colmenarejo G, Laparra-Llopis JM, Moreno-Rubio J, Montoya JJ, Reglero G, Casado E, Tabares B, Sereno M, Ramírez de Molina A. Phenolic diterpenes from Rosemary supercritical extract inhibit non-small cell lung cancer lipid metabolism and synergise with therapeutic drugs in the clinic. Front Oncol 2022; 12:1046369. [PMID: 36439419 PMCID: PMC9682134 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.1046369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
UNLABELLED Lung cancer is one of the most deadly and common cancers in the world. The molecular features of patient's tumours dictate the different therapeutic decisions, which combines targeted therapy, chemotherapy, and immunotherapy. Altered cellular metabolism is one of the hallmarks of cancer. Tumour cells reprogram their metabolism to adapt to their novel requirements of growth, proliferation, and survival. Together with the Warburg effect, the role of lipid metabolism alterations in cancer development and prognosis has been highlighted. Several lipid related genes have been shown to promote transformation and progression of cancer cells and have been proposed as biomarkers for prognosis. Nevertheless, the exact mechanisms of the regulation of lipid metabolism and the biological consequences in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) have not been elucidated yet. There is an urgent necessity to develop multidisciplinary and complementary strategies to improve NSCLC patients´ well-being and treatment response. Nutrients can directly affect fundamental cellular processes and some diet-derived ingredients, bioactive natural compounds and natural extracts have been shown to inhibit the tumour growth in preclinical and clinical trials. Previously, we described a supercritical extract of rosemary (SFRE) (12 - 16% composition of phenolic diterpenes carnosic acid and carnosol) as a potential antitumoral agent in colon and breast cancer due to its effects on the inhibition of lipid metabolism and DNA synthesis, and in the reduction of resistance to 5-FluoroUracil (5-FU). Herein, we demonstrate SFRE inhibits NSCLC cell bioenergetics identifying several lipid metabolism implicated targets. Moreover, SFRE synergises with standard therapeutic drugs used in the clinic, such as cisplatin, pemetrexed and pembrolizumab to inhibit of cell viability of NSCLC cells. Importantly, the clinical relevance of SFRE as a complement in the treatment of NSCLC patients is suggested based on the results of a pilot clinical trial where SFRE formulated with bioactive lipids (PCT/ES2017/070263) diminishes metabolic and inflammatory targets in peripheral-blood mononuclear cells (PBMC), such as MAPK (p=0.04), NLRP3 (p=0.044), and SREBF1 (p=0.047), which may augment the immune antitumour function. Based on these results, SFRE merits further investigation as a co-adjuvant in the treatment of NSCLC. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier NCT05080920.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrián Bouzas
- Precision Nutrition and Cancer Program, Molecular Oncology Group, IMDEA Food Institute, CEI UAM, CSIC, Madrid, Spain
- CANAAN Research & Investment Group, Madrid, Spain
| | - Marta Gómez de Cedrón
- Precision Nutrition and Cancer Program, Molecular Oncology Group, IMDEA Food Institute, CEI UAM, CSIC, Madrid, Spain
| | - Gonzalo Colmenarejo
- Biostatistics and Bioinformatics Unit, IMDEA Food Institute, CEI UAM, CSIC, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Juan Moreno-Rubio
- Precision Nutrition and Cancer Program, Molecular Oncology Group, IMDEA Food Institute, CEI UAM, CSIC, Madrid, Spain
- Medical Oncology Department, Infanta Sofía University Hospital, San Sebastián de los Reyes, Madrid, Spain
| | - Juan José Montoya
- CANAAN Research & Investment Group, Madrid, Spain
- Faculty of Medicine, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Guillermo Reglero
- Precision Nutrition and Cancer Program, Molecular Oncology Group, IMDEA Food Institute, CEI UAM, CSIC, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Production and Characterization of Novel Foods, Institute of Food Science Research (CIAL) (CSIC.UAM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Enrique Casado
- Medical Oncology Department, Infanta Sofía University Hospital, San Sebastián de los Reyes, Madrid, Spain
| | - Beatriz Tabares
- Medical Oncology Department, Infanta Sofía University Hospital, San Sebastián de los Reyes, Madrid, Spain
| | - María Sereno
- Medical Oncology Department, Infanta Sofía University Hospital, San Sebastián de los Reyes, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ana Ramírez de Molina
- Precision Nutrition and Cancer Program, Molecular Oncology Group, IMDEA Food Institute, CEI UAM, CSIC, Madrid, Spain
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Wang Y, Wang Y, Ren Y, Zhang Q, Yi P, Cheng C. Metabolic modulation of immune checkpoints and novel therapeutic strategies in cancer. Semin Cancer Biol 2022; 86:542-565. [PMID: 35151845 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2022.02.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2021] [Revised: 12/08/2021] [Accepted: 02/05/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated antigen-4 (CTLA-4) or programmed death-1 (PD-1)/programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1)-based immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have led to significant improvements in the overall survival of patients with certain cancers and are expected to benefit patients by achieving complete, long-lasting remissions and cure. However, some patients who receive ICIs either fail treatment or eventually develop immunotherapy resistance. The existence of such patients necessitates a deeper understanding of cancer progression, specifically nutrient regulation in the tumor microenvironment (TME), which includes both metabolic cross-talk between metabolites and tumor cells, and intracellular metabolism in immune and cancer cells. Here we review the features and behaviors of the TME and discuss the recently identified major immune checkpoints. We comprehensively and systematically summarize the metabolic modulation of tumor immunity and immune checkpoints in the TME, including glycolysis, amino acid metabolism, lipid metabolism, and other metabolic pathways, and further discuss the potential metabolism-based therapeutic strategies tested in preclinical and clinical settings. These findings will help to determine the existence of a link or crosstalk between tumor metabolism and immunotherapy, which will provide an important insight into cancer treatment and cancer research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Wang
- Health Management Center, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610072, China; Chinese Academy of Sciences Sichuan Translational Medicine Research Hospital, Chengdu, 610072, China
| | - Yuya Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 401120, China
| | - Yifei Ren
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 401120, China; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Daping Hospital, Army Medical Center, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Qi Zhang
- School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610054, China
| | - Ping Yi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 401120, China.
| | - Chunming Cheng
- Department of Radiation Oncology, James Comprehensive Cancer Center and College of Medicine at The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43221, United States.
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Zheng M, Zhang W, Chen X, Guo H, Wu H, Xu Y, He Q, Ding L, Yang B. The impact of lipids on the cancer–immunity cycle and strategies for modulating lipid metabolism to improve cancer immunotherapy. Acta Pharm Sin B 2022; 13:1488-1497. [PMID: 37139414 PMCID: PMC10149904 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2022.10.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2022] [Revised: 09/13/2022] [Accepted: 09/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Lipids have been found to modulate tumor biology, including proliferation, survival, and metastasis. With the new understanding of tumor immune escape that has developed in recent years, the influence of lipids on the cancer-immunity cycle has also been gradually discovered. First, regarding antigen presentation, cholesterol prevents tumor antigens from being identified by antigen presenting cells. Fatty acids reduce the expression of major histocompatibility complex class I and costimulatory factors in dendritic cells, impairing antigen presentation to T cells. Prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) reduce the accumulation of tumor-infiltrating dendritic cells. Regarding T-cell priming and activation, cholesterol destroys the structure of the T-cell receptor and reduces immunodetection. In contrast, cholesterol also promotes T-cell receptor clustering and relative signal transduction. PGE2 represses T-cell proliferation. Finally, regarding T-cell killing of cancer cells, PGE2 and cholesterol weaken granule-dependent cytotoxicity. Moreover, fatty acids, cholesterol, and PGE2 can improve the activity of immunosuppressive cells, increase the expression of immune checkpoints and promote the secretion of immunosuppressive cytokines. Given the regulatory role of lipids in the cancer-immunity cycle, drugs that modulate fatty acids, cholesterol and PGE2 have been envisioned as effective way in restoring antitumor immunity and synergizing with immunotherapy. These strategies have been studied in both preclinical and clinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingming Zheng
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Anti-Cancer Drug Research, Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Wenxin Zhang
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Anti-Cancer Drug Research, Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Xi Chen
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Anti-Cancer Drug Research, Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Hongjie Guo
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Anti-Cancer Drug Research, Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Honghai Wu
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Anti-Cancer Drug Research, Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Yanjun Xu
- Department of Medical Thoracic Oncology, the Cancer Hospital of University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou 310022, China
| | - Qiaojun He
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Anti-Cancer Drug Research, Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
- The Innovation Institute for Artificial Intelligence in Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310018, China
- Cancer Center of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Ling Ding
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Anti-Cancer Drug Research, Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
- Corresponding authors. Tel./fax: +86 571 88208400.
| | - Bo Yang
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Anti-Cancer Drug Research, Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
- The Innovation Institute for Artificial Intelligence in Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310018, China
- Corresponding authors. Tel./fax: +86 571 88208400.
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Metabolic guidance and stress in tumors modulate antigen-presenting cells. Oncogenesis 2022; 11:62. [PMID: 36244976 PMCID: PMC9573874 DOI: 10.1038/s41389-022-00438-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2022] [Revised: 09/02/2022] [Accepted: 09/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Successful antitumor immunity largely relies on efficient T cell priming by antigen-presenting cells (APCs); however, the capacity of APCs is found to be defective in many cancers. Metabolically reprogrammed cancer cells support the energetic and biosynthetic demands of their high proliferation rates by exploiting nutrients available in the tumor microenvironment (TME), which in turn limits proper metabolic reprogramming of APCs during recruitment, differentiation, activation and antigen presentation. Furthermore, some metabolites generated by the TME are unfavorable to antitumor immunity. This review summarizes recent studies on the metabolic features of APCs and their functionality in the TME. Particularly, we will describe how APCs respond to altered TME and how metabolic byproducts from cancer and immunomodulatory cells affect APCs. Finally, we introduce the current status of APC-oriented research and clinical trials targeting metabolic features to boost efficient immunotherapy.
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Interplay between fat cells and immune cells in bone: Impact on malignant progression and therapeutic response. Pharmacol Ther 2022; 238:108274. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2022.108274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2022] [Revised: 08/11/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Zhang Z, Liang Z, Gao W, Yu S, Hou Z, Li K, Zeng P. Identification of circadian clock genes as regulators of immune infiltration in Hepatocellular Carcinoma. J Cancer 2022; 13:3199-3208. [PMID: 36118525 PMCID: PMC9475357 DOI: 10.7150/jca.71925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2022] [Accepted: 04/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Multiple studies have reported that the immune system is under the control of a circadian clock, especially in cancers, but how circadian clock genes shape tumor immune cell infiltration in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains unclear. Methods: The rhythmicity of circadian clock genes was investigated using the GETx database. The expression and methylation level of circadian clock genes in HCC and paracancerous was evaluated using the GETx and TCGA databases. The differential expression of circadian clock genes in HCC was analyzed using the “limma” package of the R 4.0.4 software. The prognosis of each circadian clock gene was accessed by Kaplan-Meier survival analysis and Cox proportional hazards regression analysis. Quantitative real-time PCR and immunohistochemistry (IHC) was carried out to confirm the results. The relationship between circadian rhythm and immune infiltration in HCC was evaluated using the TIMER database and the CIBERSORT algorithm. Results: In addition to RORA, RORB, and ARNTL2, there was a rhythmic expression of other circadian clock genes in liver tissue. The correlation between the expression of circadian clock genes differed when comparing HCC and liver tissue. HCC patients who express low levels of PER-1and CRY2 had a poor overall survival (OS). In contrast, patients with higher expression of NPAS2 had a poor prognosis. In HCC, the expression of the PER-1, CRY2, and NPAS2 genes was closely related to immune infiltration. Conclusion: Our study indicated the disruption of the expression of circadian clock-regulated genes in HCC and identified PER-1, CRY2, and NPAS2 as independent predictors of survival. These genes may be applied as candidate molecular targets for diagnosis and therapy of HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Zhang
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410006, P.R. China
| | - Zicheng Liang
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan 410208, P.R. China
| | - Wenhui Gao
- School of Chinese Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, P.R. China
| | - Shuxian Yu
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410006, P.R. China
| | - Zongwei Hou
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410006, P.R. China
| | - Kexin Li
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410006, P.R. China
| | - Puhua Zeng
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410006, P.R. China
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Zhang M, Wei T, Zhang X, Guo D. Targeting lipid metabolism reprogramming of immunocytes in response to the tumor microenvironment stressor: A potential approach for tumor therapy. Front Immunol 2022; 13:937406. [PMID: 36131916 PMCID: PMC9483093 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.937406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2022] [Accepted: 08/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The tumor microenvironment (TME) has become a major research focus in recent years. The TME differs from the normal extracellular environment in parameters such as nutrient supply, pH value, oxygen content, and metabolite abundance. Such changes may promote the initiation, growth, invasion, and metastasis of tumor cells, in addition to causing the malfunction of tumor-infiltrating immunocytes. As the neoplasm develops and nutrients become scarce, tumor cells transform their metabolic patterns by reprogramming glucose, lipid, and amino acid metabolism in response to various environmental stressors. Research on carcinoma metabolism reprogramming suggests that like tumor cells, immunocytes also switch their metabolic pathways, named “immunometabolism”, a phenomenon that has drawn increasing attention in the academic community. In this review, we focus on the recent progress in the study of lipid metabolism reprogramming in immunocytes within the TME and highlight the potential target molecules, pathways, and genes implicated. In addition, we discuss hypoxia, one of the vital altered components of the TME that partially contribute to the initiation of abnormal lipid metabolism in immune cells. Finally, we present the current immunotherapies that orchestrate a potent antitumor immune response by mediating the lipid metabolism of immunocytes, highlight the lipid metabolism reprogramming capacity of various immunocytes in the TME, and propose promising new strategies for use in cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Zhang
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- Henan Key Laboratory for Digestive Organ Transplantation, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Tingju Wei
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xiaodan Zhang
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- Henan Key Laboratory for Digestive Organ Transplantation, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Danfeng Guo
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- Henan Key Laboratory for Digestive Organ Transplantation, Zhengzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Danfeng Guo,
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Fekry B, Ribas-Latre A, Drunen RV, Santos RB, Shivshankar S, Dai Y, Zhao Z, Yoo SH, Chen Z, Sun K, Sladek FM, Younes M, Eckel-Mahan K. Hepatic circadian and differentiation factors control liver susceptibility for fatty liver disease and tumorigenesis. FASEB J 2022; 36:e22482. [PMID: 35947136 PMCID: PMC10062014 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202101398r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2021] [Revised: 07/06/2022] [Accepted: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a leading cause of cancer deaths, and the most common primary liver malignancy to present in the clinic. With the exception of liver transplant, treatment options for advanced HCC are limited, but improved tumor stratification could open the door to new treatment options. Previously, we demonstrated that the circadian regulator Aryl Hydrocarbon-Like Receptor Like 1 (ARNTL, or Bmal1) and the liver-enriched nuclear factor 4 alpha (HNF4α) are robustly co-expressed in healthy liver but incompatible in the context of HCC. Faulty circadian expression of HNF4α- either by isoform switching, or loss of expression- results in an increased risk for HCC, while BMAL1 gain-of-function in HNF4α-positive HCC results in apoptosis and tumor regression. We hypothesize that the transcriptional programs of HNF4α and BMAL1 are antagonistic in liver disease and HCC. Here, we study this antagonism by generating a mouse model with inducible loss of hepatic HNF4α and BMAL1 expression. The results reveal that simultaneous loss of HNF4α and BMAL1 is protective against fatty liver and HCC in carcinogen-induced liver injury and in the "STAM" model of liver disease. Furthermore, our results suggest that targeting Bmal1 expression in the absence of HNF4α inhibits HCC growth and progression. Specifically, pharmacological suppression of Bmal1 in HNF4α-deficient, BMAL1-positive HCC with REV-ERB agonist SR9009 impairs tumor cell proliferation and migration in a REV-ERB-dependent manner, while having no effect on healthy hepatocytes. Collectively, our results suggest that stratification of HCC based on HNF4α and BMAL1 expression may provide a new perspective on HCC properties and potential targeted therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baharan Fekry
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, McGovern Medical School at the University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Aleix Ribas-Latre
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, McGovern Medical School at the University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Rachel Van Drunen
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, McGovern Medical School at the University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Rafael Bravo Santos
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, McGovern Medical School at the University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Samay Shivshankar
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, McGovern Medical School at the University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Yulin Dai
- Center for Precision Health, School of Biomedical Informatics, The University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Zhongming Zhao
- Center for Precision Health, School of Biomedical Informatics, The University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, Texas, USA.,Human Genetics Center, School of Public Health, The University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Seung-Hee Yoo
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, McGovern Medical School at the University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Zheng Chen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, McGovern Medical School at the University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Kai Sun
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, McGovern Medical School at the University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, Texas, USA.,Department of Integrative Biology and Pharmacology, McGovern Medical School at the University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Frances M Sladek
- Department of Molecular, Cell and Systems Biology, University of California, Riverside, California, USA
| | - Mamoun Younes
- Department of Pathology, George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, District of Columbia, USA
| | - Kristin Eckel-Mahan
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, McGovern Medical School at the University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, Texas, USA.,Department of Integrative Biology and Pharmacology, McGovern Medical School at the University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, Texas, USA
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Dual role of pseudogene TMEM198B in promoting lipid metabolism and immune escape of glioma cells. Oncogene 2022; 41:4512-4523. [PMID: 36038663 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-022-02445-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2022] [Revised: 08/11/2022] [Accepted: 08/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Dysregulation of pseudogenes, enhancement of fatty acid synthesis and formation of immunosuppressive microenvironment are important factors that promote the malignant progression of glioma. It is of great significance to search for the molecular mechanism of interaction between the three and then perform targeted interference for improving the treatment of glioma. In this study, we found that pseudogene transmembrane protein 198B (TMEM198B) was highly expressed in glioma tissues and cell lines, and it could promote malignant progression of glioma by regulating lipid metabolism reprogramming and remodeling immune microenvironment. Applying the experimental methods of gene interference, lipidomics and immunology, we further confirmed that TMEM198B promoted PLAG1 like zinc finger 2 (PLAGL2) expression by mediating tri-methylation of histone H3 on lysine 4 (H3K4me3) of PLAGL2 through binding to SET domain containing 1B (SETD1B). Increased PLAGL2 could transcriptional activate ATP citrate lyase (ACLY) and ELOVL fatty acid elongase 6 (ELOVL6) expression, and then influenced the biological behaviors of glioma cells via enhancing the de novo lipogenesis and fatty acid acyl chain elongation. At the same time, TMEM198B promoted macrophages lipid accumulation and intensification of fatty acid oxidation (FAO) through glioma-derived exosomes (GDEs), further induced macrophages to M2 polarization, which subsequently facilitated immune escape of glioma cells. In conclusion, our present study clarifies that the TMEM198B/PLAGL2/ACLY/ELOVL6 pathway conducts crucial regulatory effects on the malignant progression of glioma, which provides novel targets and new ideas for molecular targeted therapy and immunotherapy of glioma.
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Liu C, Tao Y, Lin H, Lou X, Wu S, Chen L. Classification of stomach adenocarcinoma based on fatty acid metabolism-related genes frofiling. Front Mol Biosci 2022; 9:962435. [PMID: 36090054 PMCID: PMC9461144 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2022.962435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2022] [Accepted: 07/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Fatty acid metabolism (FAM)-related genes play a key role in the development of stomach adenocarcinoma (STAD). Although immunotherapy has led to a paradigm shift in STAD treatment, the overall response rate of immunotherapy for STAD is low due to heterogeneity of the tumor immune microenvironment (TIME). How FAM-related genes affect TIME in STAD remains unclear.Methods: The univariate Cox regression analysis was performed to screen prognostic FAM-related genes using transcriptomic profiles of the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA)-STAD cohort. Next, the consensus clustering analysis was performed to divide the STAD cohort into two groups based on the 13 identified prognostic genes. Then, gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) was carried out to identify enriched pathways in the two groups. Furthermore, we developed a prognostic signature model based on 7 selected prognostic genes, which was validated to be capable in predicting the overall survival (OS) of STAD patients using the univariate Cox regression, least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression, and multivariate Cox regression analyses. Finally, the “Estimation of STromal and Immune cells in MAlignant Tumours using Expression data” (ESTIMATE) algorithm was used to evaluate the stromal, immune, and ESTIMATE scores, and tumor purity of each STAD sample.Results: A total of 13 FAM-related genes were identified to be significantly associated with OS in STAD patients. Two molecular subtypes, which we named Group 1 and Group 2, were identified based on these FAM-related prognostic genes using the consensus clustering analysis. We showed that Group 2 was significantly correlated with poor prognosis and displayed higher programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1) expressions and distinct immune cell infiltration patterns. Furthermore, using GSEA, we showed that apoptosis and HCM signaling pathways were significantly enriched in Group 2. We constructed a prognostic signature model using 7 selected FAM-related prognostic genes, which was proven to be effective for prediction of STAD (HR = 1.717, 95% CI = 1.105–1.240, p < 0.001). After classifying the patients into the high- and low-risk groups based on our model, we found that patients in the high-risk group tend to have more advanced T stages and higher tumor grades, as well as higher immune scores. We also found that the risk scores were positively correlated with the infiltration of certain immune cells, including resting dendritic cells (DCs), and M2 macrophages. We also demonstrated that elevated expression of gamma-glutamyltransferase 5 (GGT5) is significantly associated with worse OS and disease-free survival (DFS), more advanced T stage and higher tumor grade, and increased immune cell infiltration, suggesting that STAD patients with high GGT5 expression in the tumor tissues might have a better response to immunotherapy.Conclusion: FAM-related genes play critical roles in STAD prognosis by shaping the TIME. These genes can regulate the infiltration of various immune cells and thus are potential therapeutic targets worthy of further investigation. Furthermore, GGT5 was a promising marker for predicting immunotherapeutic response in STAD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunhua Liu
- Department of Tumor Rehabilitation Center, Lishui Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Affiliated to Zhejiang University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Lishui, China
| | - Yongjun Tao
- Department of Tumor Rehabilitation Center, Lishui Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Affiliated to Zhejiang University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Lishui, China
| | - Huajian Lin
- Department of Tumor Rehabilitation Center, Lishui Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Affiliated to Zhejiang University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Lishui, China
| | - Xiqiang Lou
- Department of Tumor Rehabilitation Center, Lishui Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Affiliated to Zhejiang University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Lishui, China
| | - Simin Wu
- Department of Tumor Rehabilitation Center, Lishui Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Affiliated to Zhejiang University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Lishui, China
| | - Liping Chen
- Research Center of Lishui Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Affiliated to Zhejiang University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Lishui, China
- *Correspondence: Liping Chen,
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Caro AA, Deschoemaeker S, Allonsius L, Coosemans A, Laoui D. Dendritic Cell Vaccines: A Promising Approach in the Fight against Ovarian Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14164037. [PMID: 36011029 PMCID: PMC9406463 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14164037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Revised: 08/16/2022] [Accepted: 08/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary With an overall 5-year survival of only 20% for advanced-stage ovarian cancer patients, enduring and effective therapies are a highly unmet clinical need. Current standard-of-care therapies are able to improve progression-free survival; however, patients still relapse. Moreover, immunotherapy has not resulted in clear patient benefits so far. In this situation, dendritic cell vaccines can serve as a potential therapeutic addition against ovarian cancer. In the current review, we provide an overview of the different dendritic cell subsets and the roles they play in ovarian cancer. We focus on the advancements in dendritic cell vaccination against ovarian cancer and highlight the key outcomes and pitfalls associated with currently used strategies. Finally, we address future directions that could be taken to improve the dendritic cell vaccination outcomes in ovarian cancer. Abstract Ovarian cancer (OC) is the deadliest gynecological malignancy in developed countries and is the seventh-highest cause of death in women diagnosed with cancer worldwide. Currently, several therapies are in use against OC, including debulking surgery, chemotherapy, as well as targeted therapies. Even though the current standard-of-care therapies improve survival, a vast majority of OC patients relapse. Additionally, immunotherapies have only resulted in meager patient outcomes, potentially owing to the intricate immunosuppressive nexus within the tumor microenvironment. In this scenario, dendritic cell (DC) vaccination could serve as a potential addition to the therapeutic options available against OC. In this review, we provide an overview of current therapies in OC, focusing on immunotherapies. Next, we highlight the potential of using DC vaccines in OC by underscoring the different DC subsets and their functions in OC. Finally, we provide an overview of the advances and pitfalls of current DC vaccine strategies in OC while providing future perspectives that could improve patient outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aarushi Audhut Caro
- Laboratory of Myeloid Cell Immunology, VIB Center for Inflammation Research, 1050 Brussels, Belgium
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, 1050 Brussels, Belgium
- Laboratory of Tumor Immunology and Immunotherapy, Department of Oncology, Leuven Cancer Institute, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Sofie Deschoemaeker
- Laboratory of Myeloid Cell Immunology, VIB Center for Inflammation Research, 1050 Brussels, Belgium
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, 1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Lize Allonsius
- Laboratory of Myeloid Cell Immunology, VIB Center for Inflammation Research, 1050 Brussels, Belgium
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, 1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - An Coosemans
- Laboratory of Tumor Immunology and Immunotherapy, Department of Oncology, Leuven Cancer Institute, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Damya Laoui
- Laboratory of Myeloid Cell Immunology, VIB Center for Inflammation Research, 1050 Brussels, Belgium
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, 1050 Brussels, Belgium
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +32-2-6291969
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Vasseur S, Guillaumond F. Lipids in cancer: a global view of the contribution of lipid pathways to metastatic formation and treatment resistance. Oncogenesis 2022; 11:46. [PMID: 35945203 PMCID: PMC9363460 DOI: 10.1038/s41389-022-00420-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2022] [Revised: 07/19/2022] [Accepted: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Lipids are essential constituents for malignant tumors, as they are absolutely required for tumor growth and dissemination. Provided by the tumor microenvironment (TME) or by cancer cells themselves through activation of de novo synthesis pathways, they orchestrate a large variety of pro-tumorigenic functions. Importantly, TME cells, especially immune cells, cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) and cancer-associated adipocytes (CAAs), are also prone to changes in their lipid content, which hinder or promote tumor aggressiveness. In this review, we address the significant findings for lipid contribution in tumor progression towards a metastatic disease and in the poor response to therapeutic treatments. We also highlight the benefits of targeting lipid pathways in preclinical models to slow down metastasis development and overcome chemo-and immunotherapy resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophie Vasseur
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille, INSERM, Aix-Marseille Université, CNRS, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, F-13009, Marseille, France
| | - Fabienne Guillaumond
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille, INSERM, Aix-Marseille Université, CNRS, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, F-13009, Marseille, France.
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50
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Hypomethylated gene RAC3 induces cell proliferation and invasion by increasing FASN expression in endometrial cancer. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2022; 150:106274. [PMID: 35917927 DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2022.106274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2022] [Revised: 07/24/2022] [Accepted: 07/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Endometrial cancer (EC) is one of the most prevalent gynecological cancers with a 5-year survival rate of 20-60%. Feasible prognostic molecular biomarkers of EC are necessary for accurate prediction of EC prognosis. METHODS RAC3 is a member of the Rho GTPases. Public databases including Gene Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis (GEPIA2), Tumor Immune Estimation Resource (TIMER), LinkedOmics, Search Tool for the Retrieval of Interacting Genes/Proteins (STRING), TISIDB and cBioPortal were employed to analyze the differential expression, clinicopathologic characteristics, functional networks, immune cell infiltrates and genetic alteration of RAC3 in EC patients. RESULTS RAC3 expression was elevated in EC patients analyzed by TIMER and GEPIA. Overexpression of RAC3 was obviously correlated with clinical stage, histological type, histological grade and DNA hypomethylation. Patients with high RAC3 expression displayed poor overall survival. Functional enrichment analysis showed that RAC3 was involved in translational initiation, DNA replication and mRNA processing. RAC3 expression was negatively associated with infiltrating levels of B cells, CD8+ T cells, macrophages and dendritic cells in EC. Experiments in vitro showed that RAC3 was upregulated in EC tissues and cell lines, and RAC3 induced cell proliferation and invasion by increasing fatty acid synthase (FASN) expression. CONCLUSION High expression of RAC3iscorrelated with poor prognosis and low infiltration of immune cells in EC. RAC3 promotes cell proliferation and invasion via FASN. These results demonstrate thatRAC3 functions as an EC oncogene and reveal its underlying mechanism in EC progression, suggesting that RAC3 may serve as a potential therapeutic target in EC.
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