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Chen S, Fan H, Ran C, Hong Y, Feng H, Yue Z, Zhang H, Pontarotti P, Xu A, Huang S. The IL-17 pathway intertwines with neurotrophin and TLR/IL-1R pathways since its domain shuffling origin. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2024; 121:e2400903121. [PMID: 38683992 PMCID: PMC11087794 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2400903121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2024] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024] Open
Abstract
The IL-17 pathway displays remarkably diverse functional modes between different subphyla, classes, and even orders, yet its driving factors remains elusive. Here, we demonstrate that the IL-17 pathway originated through domain shuffling between a Toll-like receptor (TLR)/IL-1R pathway and a neurotrophin-RTK (receptor-tyrosine-kinase) pathway (a Trunk-Torso pathway). Unlike other new pathways that evolve independently, the IL-17 pathway remains intertwined with its donor pathways throughout later evolution. This intertwining not only influenced the gains and losses of domains and components in the pathway but also drove the diversification of the pathway's functional modes among animal lineages. For instance, we reveal that the crustacean female sex hormone, a neurotrophin inducing sex differentiation, could interact with IL-17Rs and thus be classified as true IL-17s. Additionally, the insect prothoracicotropic hormone, a neurotrophin initiating ecdysis in Drosophila by binding to Torso, could bind to IL-17Rs in other insects. Furthermore, IL-17R and TLR/IL-1R pathways maintain crosstalk in amphioxus and zebrafish. Moreover, the loss of the Death domain in the pathway adaptor connection to IκB kinase and stress-activated protein kinase (CIKSs) dramatically reduced their abilities to activate nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-κB) and activator protein 1 (AP-1) in amphioxus and zebrafish. Reinstating this Death domain not only enhanced NF-κB/AP-1 activation but also strengthened anti-bacterial immunity in zebrafish larvae. This could explain why the mammalian IL-17 pathway, whose CIKS also lacks Death, is considered a weak signaling activator, relying on synergies with other pathways. Our findings provide insights into the functional diversity of the IL-17 pathway and unveil evolutionary principles that could govern the pathway and be used to redesign and manipulate it.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shenghui Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Guangdong Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Functional Genes, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou510275, China
- Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao Marine Science and Technology Center, Qingdao266237, China
| | - Huiping Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Guangdong Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Functional Genes, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou510275, China
| | - Chenrui Ran
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Guangdong Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Functional Genes, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou510275, China
| | - Yun Hong
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Guangdong Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Functional Genes, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou510275, China
| | - Huixiong Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Guangdong Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Functional Genes, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou510275, China
| | - Zirui Yue
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Guangdong Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Functional Genes, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou510275, China
| | - Hao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Guangdong Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Functional Genes, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou510275, China
| | - Pierre Pontarotti
- MEPHI (Microbes, Evolution, Phylogénie et Infection), Aix Marseille Université, Marseille, France
| | - Anlong Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Guangdong Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Functional Genes, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou510275, China
- School of Life Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing100029, China
| | - Shengfeng Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Guangdong Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Functional Genes, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou510275, China
- Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao Marine Science and Technology Center, Qingdao266237, China
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Hesser J, Mueller RS, Langdon C, Schubiger CB. Immunomodulatory effects of a probiotic combination treatment to improve the survival of Pacific oyster ( Crassostrea gigas) larvae against infection by Vibrio coralliilyticus. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1380089. [PMID: 38650950 PMCID: PMC11033467 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1380089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2024] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction The culture of Pacific oysters (Crassostrea gigas) is of significant socio-economic importance in the U.S. Pacific Northwest and other temperate regions worldwide, with disease outbreaks acting as significant bottlenecks to the successful production of healthy seed larvae. Therefore, the current study aims to describe the mechanisms of a probiotic combination in improving the survival of C. gigas larvae. Specifically, we investigate changes in C. gigas larval gene expression in response to V. coralliilyticus infection with or without a pre-treatment of a novel probiotic combination. Methods Treatment groups consisted of replicates of Pacific oyster larvae exposed to a) a combination of four probiotic bacteria at a total concentration of 3.0 x 105 CFU/mL at 18 hours post-fertilization (hpf), b) pathogenic V. coralliilyticus RE22 at a concentration of 6.0 x 103 CFU/mL at 48 hpf, and c) the probiotic combination at 18 hpf and V. coralliilyticus RE22 at 48 hpf. RNA was extracted from washed larvae after 72 hpf, and transcriptome sequencing was used to identify significant differentially expressed genes (DEGs) within each treatment. Results Larvae challenged with V. coralliilyticus showed enhanced expression of genes responsible for inhibiting immune signaling (i.e., TNFAIP3, PSMD10) and inducing apoptosis (i.e., CDIP53). However, when pre-treated with the probiotic combination, these genes were no longer differentially expressed relative to untreated control larvae. Additionally, pre-treatment with the probiotic combination increased expression of immune signaling proteins and immune effectors (i.e., IL-17, MyD88). Apparent immunomodulation in response to probiotic treatment corresponds to an increase in the survival of C. gigas larvae infected with V. coralliilyticus by up to 82%. Discussion These results indicate that infection with V. coralliilyticus can suppress the larval immune response while also prompting cell death. Furthermore, the results suggest that the probiotic combination treatment negates the deleterious effects of V. coralliilyticus on larval gene expression while stimulating the expression of genes involved in infection defense mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Hesser
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Carlson College of Veterinary Medicine, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, United States
| | - Ryan S. Mueller
- Department of Microbiology, College of Science, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, United States
| | - Chris Langdon
- Coastal Oregon Marine Experiment Station and Department of Fisheries, Wildlife, and Conservation Sciences, College of Agricultural Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, United States
| | - Carla B. Schubiger
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Carlson College of Veterinary Medicine, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, United States
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Boraschi D, Penton-Rol G, Amodu O, Blomberg MT. Editorial: Women in cytokines and soluble mediators in immunity. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1395165. [PMID: 38550586 PMCID: PMC10973138 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1395165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2024] [Accepted: 03/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Diana Boraschi
- Laboratory Inflammation and Vaccines, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology (SIAT), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), and China-Italy Joint Laboratory of Pharmacobiotechnology for Medical Immunomodulation, Shenzhen, China
- Institute of Biomolecular Chemistry, National Research Council (CNR), Pozzuoli, Italy
- Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Napoli, Italy
| | - Giselle Penton-Rol
- Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (CIGB), Playa, Cuba
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Professor of Immunology at the Latin American School of Medicine (ELAM), Havana, Cuba
| | - Olukemi Amodu
- Genetics and Molecular Sciences Unit, Institute of Child Health, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Marita Troye Blomberg
- Department Molecular Biosciences, the Wenner-Gren Institute, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
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Saco A, Rey-Campos M, Gallardo-Escárate C, Gerdol M, Novoa B, Figueras A. Gene presence/absence variation in Mytilus galloprovincialis and its implications in gene expression and adaptation. iScience 2023; 26:107827. [PMID: 37744033 PMCID: PMC10514466 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.107827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Revised: 07/12/2023] [Accepted: 09/01/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Presence/absence variation (PAV) is a well-known phenomenon in prokaryotes that was described for the first time in bivalves in 2020 in Mytilus galloprovincialis. The objective of the present study was to further our understanding of the PAV phenomenon in mussel biology. The distribution of PAV was studied in a mussel chromosome-level genome assembly, revealing a widespread distribution but with hotspots of dispensability. Special attention was given to the effect of PAV in gene expression, since dispensable genes were found to be inherently subject to distortions due to their sparse distribution among individuals. Furthermore, the high expression and strong tissue specificity of some dispensable genes, such as myticins, strongly supported their biological relevance. The significant differences in the repertoire of dispensable genes associated with two geographically distinct populations suggest that PAV is involved in local adaptation. Overall, the PAV phenomenon would provide a key selective advantage at the population level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amaro Saco
- Institute of Marine Research, Spanish National Research Council, Vigo, Spain
| | - Magalí Rey-Campos
- Institute of Marine Research, Spanish National Research Council, Vigo, Spain
| | | | - Marco Gerdol
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Beatriz Novoa
- Institute of Marine Research, Spanish National Research Council, Vigo, Spain
| | - Antonio Figueras
- Institute of Marine Research, Spanish National Research Council, Vigo, Spain
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Milton M, Inan S, Rawls SM. Clues from planarians about interleukin-17A and stress that result from light avoidance: IL-17A antagonists reduce defensive responding in flatworms. Cytokine 2023; 170:156345. [PMID: 37625214 PMCID: PMC10530327 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2023.156345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Revised: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 08/20/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023]
Abstract
Emerging evidence links interleukin-17A (IL-17A) to anxiety and stress. Circulating levels of IL-17A are elevated in patients with anxiety disorders, and pharmacological blockade of IL-17 signaling or genetic deletion of IL-17 reduces anxiety-like behaviors in mice. Given that IL-17 is one of the most conserved cytokines among animal phyla, we tested the hypothesis that anti-IL-17 treatments reduce defensive responding in planarians, the simplest animal with bilateral symmetry and a CNS with cephalization. The endpoint selected was light avoidance, which is a common phenotype of planarians and rodents and an index of defensive responding that is reduced by anxiolytic compounds in both species. Planarians were placed at the midline of a Petri dish containing water or test solution that was equally split into light and dark halves. Planarians exposed to a selective IL-17A antibody (0.1, 1, 10 pM) over a 5-min interval spent more time in the light than water-exposed planarians. Cyanidin (0.01, 0.1 1, 10 µM), an anti-inflammatory flavonoid and non-selective IL-17A inhibitor, also increased time spent in the light. Motility was not affected by IL-17A antibody or cyanidin at concentrations that reduced light avoidance, although higher concentrations reduced motility (>10 µM). Our results show that IL-17A antagonists reduce defensive responding in planarians and suggest conservation of IL-17A effects on aspects of anxiety-related behaviors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mia Milton
- Center for Substance Abuse Research, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Saadet Inan
- Center for Substance Abuse Research, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Scott M Rawls
- Center for Substance Abuse Research, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Department of Neural Sciences, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
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Zhang K, Zhang J, Wang L, Liang Q, Niu Y, Gu L, Wei Y, Li J. Integrative Transcriptomics and Proteomics Analysis Reveals Immune Response Process in Bovine Viral Diarrhea Virus-1-Infected Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells. Vet Sci 2023; 10:596. [PMID: 37888548 PMCID: PMC10611041 DOI: 10.3390/vetsci10100596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Revised: 09/22/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) causes bovine viral diarrhea-mucosal disease, inflicting substantial economic losses upon the global cattle industry. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) are the central hub for immune responses during host-virus infection and have been recognized as crucial targets for BVDV infection. In order to elucidate the dynamics of host-BVDV-1 interaction, this study harnessed RNA-seq and iTRAQ methods to acquire an extensive dataset of transcriptomics and proteomics data from samples of BVDV-1-infected PBMCs at the 12-h post-infection mark. When compared to mock-infected PBMCs, we identified 344 differentially expressed genes (DEGs: a total of 234 genes with downregulated expression and 110 genes with upregulated expression) and 446 differentially expressed proteins (DEPs: a total of 224 proteins with downregulated expression and 222 proteins with upregulated expression). Selected DEGs and DEPs were validated through quantitative reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction and parallel reaction monitoring. Gene ontology annotation and KEGG enrichment analysis underscored the significant enrichment of DEGs and DEPs in various immunity-related signaling pathways, including antigen processing and presentation, complement and coagulation cascades, cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction, and the NOD-like receptor signaling pathway, among others. Further analysis unveiled that those DEGs and DEPs with downregulated expression were predominantly associated with pathways such as complement and coagulation cascades, the interleukin-17 signaling pathway, cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction, the PI3K-Akt signaling pathway, the tumor necrosis factor signaling pathway, and the NOD-like receptor signaling pathway. Conversely, upregulated DEGs and DEPs were chiefly linked to metabolic pathways, oxidative phosphorylation, complement and coagulation cascades, and the RIG-I-like receptor signaling pathway. These altered genes and proteins shed light on the intense host-virus conflict within the immune realm. Our transcriptomics and proteomics data constitute a significant foundation for delving further into the interaction mechanism between BVDV and its host.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kang Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China; (K.Z.); (L.W.)
- Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730050, China
| | - Jingyan Zhang
- Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730050, China
| | - Lei Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China; (K.Z.); (L.W.)
- Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730050, China
| | - Qiang Liang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Vocational Animal Science and Veterinary College, Weifang 261061, China
| | - Yuhui Niu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China; (K.Z.); (L.W.)
- Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730050, China
| | - Linlin Gu
- Shenzhen Bioeasy Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Shenzhen 518100, China;
| | - Yanming Wei
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China; (K.Z.); (L.W.)
| | - Jianxi Li
- Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730050, China
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Liu F, Liu A, Ye H. Identification of Crustacean Female Sex Hormone Receptor Involved in Sexual Differentiation of a Hermaphroditic Shrimp. Biomolecules 2023; 13:1456. [PMID: 37892140 PMCID: PMC10604874 DOI: 10.3390/biom13101456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Revised: 09/22/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The neurohormone crustacean female sex hormone (CFSH) contains a highly conserved interleukin-17 (IL-17) domain in the mature peptide. Although CFSH has been demonstrated to stimulate female sexual differentiation in crustaceans, its receptors (CFSHR) have been poorly reported. The present study identified an IL-17 receptor (named Lvit-IL-17R), a candidate of CFSHR, from the protandric simultaneous hermaphroditic (PSH) shrimp Lysmata vittata through GST pulldown assays and RNAi experiments. Lvit-IL-17R is a transmembrane protein with an SEFIR (similar expression as the fibroblast growth factor and IL-17R) domain, as determined through sequence analysis. A GST pulldown experiment confirmed the interactions between the type I CFSHs (CFSH1a and CFSH1b) and Lvit-IL-17R. Meanwhile, the RNAi results revealed that Lvit-IL-17R displays similar functions to type I CFSHs in regulating sexual differentiation and gonad development. In brief, Lvit-IL-17R is a potential receptor for type I CFSHs aimed at regulating the sexual differentiation of the PSH species. This study helps shed new light on the mechanism of sexual differentiation among crustaceans.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Haihui Ye
- Fisheries College, Jimei University, Xiamen 361021, China; (F.L.); (A.L.)
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Zhou X, Fang PX, Cao HM, Xie JJ, Li S, Chi CF. Molecular characterization and expression of twenty interleukin-17 transcripts in the common Chinese cuttlefish (Sepiella japonica) in response to Vibrio harveyi infection. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2023; 140:108903. [PMID: 37423402 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2023.108903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Revised: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 06/15/2023] [Indexed: 07/11/2023]
Abstract
The common Chinese cuttlefish (Sepiella japonica) is an essential species for stock enhancement by releasing juveniles in the East China Sea now. S. japonica is susceptible to bacterial diseases during parental breeding. In vertebrates, Interleukin-17 (IL-17) cytokine family plays critical roles in both acute and chronic inflammatory responses. In Cephalopoda, few studies have been reported on IL-17 genes so far. In this study, twenty IL-17 transcripts obtained from S. japonica were divided into eight groups (designated as Sj_IL-17-1 to Sj_IL-17-8). Multiple alignment analysis showed that IL-17s in S. japonica and human both contained four β-folds (β1-β4), except for Sj_IL-17-6 with two β-folds (β1 and β2), and the third and fourth β-folds of Sj_IL-17-5 and Sj_IL-17-8 were longer than those of other Sj_IL-17. Protein structure and conserved motifs analysis demonstrated that Sj_IL-17-5 and Sj_IL-17-6 displayed different protein structure with respect to other six Sj_IL-17 proteins. The homology and phylogenetic analysis of amino acids showed that Sj_IL-17-5, Sj_IL-17-6 and Sj_IL-17-8 had low homology with the other five Sj_IL-17s. Eight Sj_IL-17 mRNAs were ubiquitously expressed in ten examined tissues, with dominant expression in the hemolymph. qRT-PCR data showed that the mRNA expression levels of Sj_IL-17-2, Sj_IL-17-3, Sj_IL-17-6, and Sj_IL-17-8 were significantly up-regulated in infected cuttlefishes, and Sj_IL-17-2, Sj_IL-17-6, Sj_IL-17-7, and Sj_IL-17-8 mRNAs Awere significantly up-regulated after bath infection of Vibrio harveyi, suggesting that certain Sj_IL-17s were involved in the immune response of S. japonica against V. harveyi infection. These results implied that Sj_IL-17s were likely to have distinct functional diversification. This study aims to understand the involvement of Sj_IL-17 genes in immune responses of cuttlefish against bacterial infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Zhou
- National and Provincial Joint Engineering Research Centre for Marine Germplasm Resources Exploration and Utilization, School of Marine Science and Technology, Zhejiang Ocean University, 1st Haidanan Road, Changzhi Island, Lincheng, Zhoushan 316022, China
| | - Pei-Xuan Fang
- National and Provincial Joint Engineering Research Centre for Marine Germplasm Resources Exploration and Utilization, School of Marine Science and Technology, Zhejiang Ocean University, 1st Haidanan Road, Changzhi Island, Lincheng, Zhoushan 316022, China
| | - Hui-Min Cao
- National and Provincial Joint Engineering Research Centre for Marine Germplasm Resources Exploration and Utilization, School of Marine Science and Technology, Zhejiang Ocean University, 1st Haidanan Road, Changzhi Island, Lincheng, Zhoushan 316022, China
| | - Jian-Jun Xie
- National and Provincial Joint Engineering Research Centre for Marine Germplasm Resources Exploration and Utilization, School of Marine Science and Technology, Zhejiang Ocean University, 1st Haidanan Road, Changzhi Island, Lincheng, Zhoushan 316022, China
| | - Shuang Li
- National and Provincial Joint Engineering Research Centre for Marine Germplasm Resources Exploration and Utilization, School of Marine Science and Technology, Zhejiang Ocean University, 1st Haidanan Road, Changzhi Island, Lincheng, Zhoushan 316022, China
| | - Chang-Feng Chi
- National and Provincial Joint Engineering Research Centre for Marine Germplasm Resources Exploration and Utilization, School of Marine Science and Technology, Zhejiang Ocean University, 1st Haidanan Road, Changzhi Island, Lincheng, Zhoushan 316022, China.
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Panebianco A, Rey-Campos M, Romero A, Diz AP, Novoa B, Figueras A. Mytilus galloprovincialis releases immunologically functional haemocytes to the intervalvar space in response to tissue injury and infection. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2023; 138:108806. [PMID: 37169107 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2023.108806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Revised: 05/02/2023] [Accepted: 05/08/2023] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Haemocytes of Mytilus galloprovincialis represent the main component of the internal self-defence system. Although haemocytes from haemolymph are usually studied to analyse these animals' immune response, the presence of haemocytes in the intervalvar liquid, which is essentially sea water, led us to characterize them. Several functional (ROS production, phagocytosis, gene expression, travel velocity and distance) and morphological (area, size and granularity) assays were performed by applying different stimuli to the mussels (waterborne infection, shell injury and their combination). Our results revealed that intervalvar liquid haemocytes share common characteristics with haemolymph haemocytes (for instance, the cell morphology and the cell population structure divided in three main groups) but also show significant differences in size (usually smaller in the intervalvar liquid), mobility (commonly faster in the intervalvar liquid), ROS production (higher in non-stimulated intervalvar liquid cells) and gene expression (IL17, Myd88 and CathL are over expressed in liquid intervalvar cells compared to haemolymph cells). Moreover, differences were observed when mussels were subjected to the mentioned treatments. These free intervalvar haemocytes could constitute the first line of defence as external sentinels extending the immunological alert system outside of the mussel body.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Panebianco
- Institute of Marine Research (IIM), CSIC, Eduardo Cabello 6, 36208, Vigo, Spain; Department of Biochemistry, Genetics and Immunology, University of Vigo, Vigo, Spain
| | - M Rey-Campos
- Institute of Marine Research (IIM), CSIC, Eduardo Cabello 6, 36208, Vigo, Spain
| | - A Romero
- Institute of Marine Research (IIM), CSIC, Eduardo Cabello 6, 36208, Vigo, Spain
| | - A P Diz
- Department of Biochemistry, Genetics and Immunology, University of Vigo, Vigo, Spain; Centro de Investigación Mariña, Universidade de Vigo (CIM-UVigo), Vigo, Spain
| | - B Novoa
- Institute of Marine Research (IIM), CSIC, Eduardo Cabello 6, 36208, Vigo, Spain
| | - A Figueras
- Institute of Marine Research (IIM), CSIC, Eduardo Cabello 6, 36208, Vigo, Spain.
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Zha S, Zhang W, Liu H, Huang S, Sun C, Bao Y. Two common nanoparticles exert immunostimulatory and protective effects in Tegillarca granosa against Vibrio parahaemolyticus. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2023; 137:108774. [PMID: 37105426 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2023.108774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2023] [Revised: 04/19/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
There are many studies revealed that metal-based nanoparticles (NPs) possess excellent bactericidal effect on multitudinous bacteria and fungi. However, the control effect of NPs as antimicrobial agents to against Vibrio parahaemolyticus infection remain in poorly understood for blood clam, Tegillarca granosa. In order to evaluate the effect, the changes in six physiological parameters and the immune-related genes expression of clams exposed to V. parahaemolyticus alone or along with NPs (nZnO or nCuO) were investigated in present study. Results showed that both tested NPs exerted prominent redemptive or mitigative effect in an inverse dose-dependent way on physiological indexes of clam, especially in the total counts, phagocytosis and the cell viability of haemocytes, as well as the concentration and activity of lysozymes, when co-exposed with Vibrio. Gene expression analysis showed NPs at a concentration of 0.1 mg/L generally mitigated the downregulation of immune-related genes after clam exposure to V. parahaemolyticus. The combination of 0.1 mg/mL nZnO and nCuO additives has been shown to significantly enhance the humoral immunity of blood clam, suggesting its potential as a protective measure against V. parahaemolyticus infection in T. granosa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanjie Zha
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Aquatic Germplasm Resources, College of Biological & Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang Wanli University, Ningbo, 315100, PR China; Ninghai Institute of Mariculture Breeding and Seed Industry, Zhejiang Wanli University, Ningbo, 315604, PR China
| | - Weifeng Zhang
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Aquatic Germplasm Resources, College of Biological & Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang Wanli University, Ningbo, 315100, PR China; School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315823, PR China
| | - Hongxing Liu
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Aquatic Germplasm Resources, College of Biological & Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang Wanli University, Ningbo, 315100, PR China; Ninghai Institute of Mariculture Breeding and Seed Industry, Zhejiang Wanli University, Ningbo, 315604, PR China
| | - Siyi Huang
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Aquatic Germplasm Resources, College of Biological & Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang Wanli University, Ningbo, 315100, PR China
| | - Changsen Sun
- Ninghai Institute of Mariculture Breeding and Seed Industry, Zhejiang Wanli University, Ningbo, 315604, PR China
| | - Yongbo Bao
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Aquatic Germplasm Resources, College of Biological & Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang Wanli University, Ningbo, 315100, PR China; Ninghai Institute of Mariculture Breeding and Seed Industry, Zhejiang Wanli University, Ningbo, 315604, PR China.
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Saco A, Suárez H, Novoa B, Figueras A. A Genomic and Transcriptomic Analysis of the C-Type Lectin Gene Family Reveals Highly Expanded and Diversified Repertoires in Bivalves. Mar Drugs 2023; 21:md21040254. [PMID: 37103393 PMCID: PMC10140915 DOI: 10.3390/md21040254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Revised: 04/17/2023] [Accepted: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 04/28/2023] Open
Abstract
C-type lectins belong to a widely conserved family of lectins characterized in Metazoa. They show important functional diversity and immune implications, mainly as pathogen recognition receptors. In this work, C-type lectin-like proteins (CTLs) of a set of metazoan species were analyzed, revealing an important expansion in bivalve mollusks, which contrasted with the reduced repertoires of other mollusks, such as cephalopods. Orthology relationships demonstrated that these expanded repertoires consisted of CTL subfamilies conserved within Mollusca or Bivalvia and of lineage-specific subfamilies with orthology only between closely related species. Transcriptomic analyses revealed the importance of the bivalve subfamilies in mucosal immunity, as they were mainly expressed in the digestive gland and gills and modulated with specific stimuli. CTL domain-containing proteins that had additional domains (CTLDcps) were also studied, revealing interesting gene families with different conservation degrees of the CTL domain across orthologs from different taxa. Unique bivalve CTLDcps with specific domain architectures were revealed, corresponding to uncharacterized bivalve proteins with putative immune function according to their transcriptomic modulation, which could constitute interesting targets for functional characterization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amaro Saco
- Institute of Marine Research IIM-CSIC, 36208 Vigo, Spain
| | - Hugo Suárez
- Institute of Marine Research IIM-CSIC, 36208 Vigo, Spain
| | - Beatriz Novoa
- Institute of Marine Research IIM-CSIC, 36208 Vigo, Spain
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12
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Chen X, Qiu L, Si X, Zhang X, Guo B, Liao Z, Yan X, Qi P. Exploring the Role of a Novel Interleukin-17 Homolog from Invertebrate Marine Mussel Mytilus coruscus in Innate Immune Response: Is Negative Regulation by Mc-Novel_miR_145 the Key? Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24065928. [PMID: 36983002 PMCID: PMC10055819 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24065928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Revised: 03/13/2023] [Accepted: 03/19/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Interleukin-17 (IL-17) represents a class of proinflammatory cytokines involved in chronic inflammatory and degenerative disorders. Prior to this study, it was predicted that an IL-17 homolog could be targeted by Mc-novel_miR_145 to participate in the immune response of Mytilus coruscus. This study employed a variety of molecular and cell biology research methods to explore the association between Mc-novel_miR_145 and IL-17 homolog and their immunomodulatory effects. The bioinformatics prediction confirmed the affiliation of the IL-17 homolog with the mussel IL-17 family, followed by quantitative real-time PCR assays (qPCR) to demonstrate that McIL-17-3 was highly expressed in immune-associated tissues and responded to bacterial challenges. Results from luciferase reporter assays confirmed the potential of McIL-17-3 to activate downstream NF-κb and its targeting by Mc-novel_miR_145 in HEK293 cells. The study also produced McIL-17-3 antiserum and found that Mc-novel_miR_145 negatively regulates McIL-17-3 via western blotting and qPCR assays. Furthermore, flow cytometry analysis indicated that Mc-novel_miR_145 negatively regulated McIL-17-3 to alleviate LPS-induced apoptosis. Collectively, the current results showed that McIL-17-3 played an important role in molluscan immune defense against bacterial attack. Furthermore, McIL-17-3 was negatively regulated by Mc-novel_miR_145 to participate in LPS-induced apoptosis. Our findings provide new insights into noncoding RNA regulation in invertebrate models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinglu Chen
- National Engineering Research Center of Marine Facilities Aquaculture, Marine Science and Technology College, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan 316004, China
| | - Longmei Qiu
- National Engineering Research Center of Marine Facilities Aquaculture, Marine Science and Technology College, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan 316004, China
| | - Xirui Si
- National Engineering Research Center of Marine Facilities Aquaculture, Marine Science and Technology College, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan 316004, China
| | - Xiaolin Zhang
- National Engineering Research Center of Marine Facilities Aquaculture, Marine Science and Technology College, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan 316004, China
| | - Baoying Guo
- National Engineering Research Center of Marine Facilities Aquaculture, Marine Science and Technology College, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan 316004, China
| | - Zhi Liao
- National Engineering Research Center of Marine Facilities Aquaculture, Marine Science and Technology College, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan 316004, China
| | - Xiaojun Yan
- National Engineering Research Center of Marine Facilities Aquaculture, Marine Science and Technology College, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan 316004, China
| | - Pengzhi Qi
- National Engineering Research Center of Marine Facilities Aquaculture, Marine Science and Technology College, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan 316004, China
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13
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Li Y, Xue Y, Peng Z, Zhang L. Immune diversity in lophotrochozoans, with a focus on recognition and effector systems. Comput Struct Biotechnol J 2023; 21:2262-2275. [PMID: 37035545 PMCID: PMC10073891 DOI: 10.1016/j.csbj.2023.03.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2022] [Revised: 03/11/2023] [Accepted: 03/19/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Lophotrochozoa is one of the most species-rich but immunologically poorly explored phyla. Although lack of acquired response in a narrow sense, lophotrochozoans possess various genetic mechanisms that enhance the diversity and specificity of innate immune system. Here, we review the recent advances of comparative immunology studies in lophotrochozoans with focus on immune recognition and effector systems. Haemocytes and coelomocytes are general important yet understudied player. Comparative genomics studies suggest expansion and functional divergence of lophotrochozoan immune reorganization systems is not as "homogeneous and simple" as we thought including the large-scale expansion and molecular divergence of pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) (TLRs, RLRs, lectins, etc.) and signaling adapters (MyD88s etc.), significant domain recombination of immune receptors (RLR, NLRs, lectins, etc.), extensive somatic recombination of fibrinogenrelated proteins (FREPs) in snails. Furthermore, there are repeatedly identified molecular mechanisms that generate immune effector diversity, including high polymorphism of antimicrobial peptides and proteins (AMPs), reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (RONS) and cytokines. Finally, we argue that the next generation omics tools and the recently emerged genome editing technicism will revolutionize our understanding of innate immune system in a comparative immunology perspective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongnan Li
- CAS and Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology & Center of Deep Sea Research, Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, China
- Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China
| | - Yu Xue
- CAS and Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology & Center of Deep Sea Research, Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, China
- Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, China
| | - Zhangjie Peng
- CAS and Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology & Center of Deep Sea Research, Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, China
- College of Marine Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Linlin Zhang
- CAS and Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology & Center of Deep Sea Research, Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, China
- Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China
- College of Marine Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Corresponding author at: CAS and Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology & Center of Deep Sea Research, Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, China.
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14
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Canesi L, Auguste M, Balbi T, Prochazkova P. Soluble mediators of innate immunity in annelids and bivalve mollusks: A mini-review. Front Immunol 2022; 13:1051155. [PMID: 36532070 PMCID: PMC9756803 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1051155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2022] [Accepted: 11/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Annelids and mollusks, both in the superphylum of Lophotrochozoa (Bilateria), are important ecological groups, widespread in soil, freshwater, estuarine, and marine ecosystems. Like all invertebrates, they lack adaptive immunity; however, they are endowed with an effective and complex innate immune system (humoral and cellular defenses) similar to vertebrates. The lack of acquired immunity and the capacity to form antibodies does not mean a lack of specificity: invertebrates have evolved genetic mechanisms capable of producing thousands of different proteins from a small number of genes, providing high variability and diversity of immune effector molecules just like their vertebrate counterparts. This diversity allows annelids and mollusks to recognize and eliminate a wide range of pathogens and respond to environmental stressors. Effector molecules can kill invading microbes, reduce their pathogenicity, or regulate the immune response at cellular and systemic levels. Annelids and mollusks are "typical" lophotrochozoan protostome since both groups include aquatic species with trochophore larvae, which unite both taxa in a common ancestry. Moreover, despite their extensive utilization in immunological research, no model systems are available as there are with other invertebrate groups, such as Caenorhabditis elegans or Drosophila melanogaster, and thus, their immune potential is largely unexplored. In this work, we focus on two classes of key soluble mediators of immunity, i.e., antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) and cytokines, in annelids and bivalves, which are the most studied mollusks. The mediators have been of interest from their first identification to recent advances in molecular studies that clarified their role in the immune response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Canesi
- Department of Earth Environment & Life Sciences, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Manon Auguste
- Department of Earth Environment & Life Sciences, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Teresa Balbi
- Department of Earth Environment & Life Sciences, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Petra Prochazkova
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czechia,*Correspondence: Petra Prochazkova,
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Tang Y, Han Y, Zhang W, Yu Y, Huang L, Zhou W, Shi W, Tian D, Liu G. Bisphenol A and microplastics weaken the antimicrobial ability of blood clams by disrupting humoral immune responses and suppressing hemocyte chemotactic activity. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2022; 307:119497. [PMID: 35594997 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2022.119497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2022] [Revised: 05/10/2022] [Accepted: 05/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Robust antimicrobial capability is crucial for marine organisms survival in complex ocean environments. Although the detrimental impacts of emergent pollutants on cellular immune response of marine bivalve mollusks were increasingly documented, the effects of bisphenol A (BPA) and microplastics (MPs) on humoral immune response and hemocyte chemotactic activity remain unclear. Therefore, in this study, the toxicities of BPA and MPs, alone or in combination, to the antimicrobial ability, humoral immune response, and hemocyte chemotactic activity were investigated in the blood clam Tegillarca granosa. Our data demonstrated that exposure of blood clams to BPA, MPs, and BPA-MPs for 2 weeks lead to significant reductions in their survival rates upon pathogenic bacterial challenge, indicating evident impairment of antimicrobial ability. Compared to control, the plasma of pollutant-incubated blood clams exhibited significantly less antimicrobial activity against the growth of V. harveyi, suggesting significant reduction in humoral immune effectors including defensin, lysozyme (LZM), and lectin. Moreover, hemocytes migration across the polycarbonate membrane to the serum containing chamber was markedly arrested by 2-week exposure to BPA, MPs, and BPA-MPs, suggesting a hampered chemotactic activity. In addition, the intracellular contents of ROS and protein carbonyl in hemocytes were markedly induced whereas the expression levels of key genes from the MAPK and actin cytoskeleton regulation pathways were significantly suppressed upon exposure. In this study, it was also found that BPA-MP coexposure was significantly more toxic than single exposures. In summary, our findings revealed that exposure to the pollutants tested possibly impair the antimicrobial ability of blood clam through (1) reducing the inhibitory effect of plasma on bacterial growth, the contents of humoral immune effectors, and the chemotactic activity of hemocytes, (2) interrupting IL-17 activation of MAPK signal pathway, (3) inducing intracellular ROS, elevating protein carbonylation levels, and disrupting actin cytoskeleton regulation in hemocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Tang
- Institute Or Laboratory of Origin: College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, PR China
| | - Yu Han
- Institute Or Laboratory of Origin: College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, PR China
| | - Weixia Zhang
- Institute Or Laboratory of Origin: College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, PR China
| | - Yihan Yu
- Institute Or Laboratory of Origin: College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, PR China
| | - Lin Huang
- Institute Or Laboratory of Origin: College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, PR China
| | - Weishang Zhou
- Institute Or Laboratory of Origin: College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, PR China
| | - Wei Shi
- Institute Or Laboratory of Origin: College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, PR China
| | - Dandan Tian
- Institute Or Laboratory of Origin: College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, PR China
| | - Guangxu Liu
- Institute Or Laboratory of Origin: College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, PR China.
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Harly C, Robert J, Legoux F, Lantz O. γδ T, NKT, and MAIT Cells During Evolution: Redundancy or Specialized Functions? JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY (BALTIMORE, MD. : 1950) 2022; 209:217-225. [PMID: 35821101 PMCID: PMC7613099 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.2200105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2022] [Accepted: 04/06/2022] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Innate-like T cells display characteristics of both innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) and mainstream αβ T cells, leading to overlapping functions of innate-like T cells with both subsets. In this review, we show that although innate-like T cells are probably present in all vertebrates, their main characteristics are much better known in amphibians and mammals. Innate-like T cells encompass both γδ and αβ T cells. In mammals, γδ TCRs likely coevolved with molecules of the butyrophilin family they interact with, whereas the semi-invariant TCRs of iNKT and mucosal-associated invariant T cells are evolutionarily locked with their restricting MH1b molecules, CD1d and MR1, respectively. The strong conservation of the Ag recognition systems of innate-like T cell subsets despite similar effector potentialities supports that each one fulfills nonredundant roles related to their Ag specificity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christelle Harly
- Nantes Université, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale UMR1307, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique UMR6075, Université d'Angers, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie et Immunologie Intégrée Nantes Angers CRCI2NA, Nantes, France;
- LabEx Immunotherapy, Graft, Oncology, Nantes, France
| | - Jacques Robert
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY
| | - Francois Legoux
- INSERM U932, Paris Sciences et Lettres Université, Institut Curie, Paris, France
| | - Olivier Lantz
- INSERM U932, Paris Sciences et Lettres Université, Institut Curie, Paris, France;
- Laboratoire d'Immunologie Clinique, Institut Curie, Paris, France; and
- Centre d'Investigation Clinique en Biothérapie Gustave-Roussy Institut Curie (CIC-BT1428), Paris, France
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