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Hodel KVS, Fiuza BSD, Conceição RS, Aleluia ACM, Pitanga TN, Fonseca LMDS, Valente CO, Minafra-Rezende CS, Machado BAS. Pharmacovigilance in Vaccines: Importance, Main Aspects, Perspectives, and Challenges-A Narrative Review. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2024; 17:807. [PMID: 38931474 PMCID: PMC11206969 DOI: 10.3390/ph17060807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2024] [Revised: 05/29/2024] [Accepted: 06/11/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Pharmacovigilance plays a central role in safeguarding public health by continuously monitoring the safety of vaccines, being critical in a climate of vaccine hesitancy, where public trust is paramount. Pharmacovigilance strategies employed to gather information on adverse events following immunization (AEFIs) include pre-registration data, media reports, clinical trials, and societal reporting. Early detection of AEFIs during clinical trials is crucial for thorough safety analysis and preventing serious reactions once vaccines are deployed. This review highlights the importance of societal reporting, encompassing contributions from community members, healthcare workers, and pharmaceutical companies. Technological advancements such as quick response (QR) codes can facilitate prompt AEFI reporting. While vaccines are demonstrably safe, the possibility of adverse events necessitates continuous post-marketing surveillance. However, underreporting remains a challenge, underscoring the critical role of public engagement in pharmacovigilance. This narrative review comprehensively examines and synthesizes key aspects of virus vaccine pharmacovigilance, with special considerations for specific population groups. We explore applicable legislation, the spectrum of AEFIs associated with major vaccines, and the unique challenges and perspectives surrounding pharmacovigilance in this domain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katharine Valéria Saraiva Hodel
- SENAI Institute of Innovation (ISI) in Health Advanced Systems (CIMATEC ISI SAS), SENAI CIMATEC University Center, Salvador 41650-010, Bahia State, Brazil
| | - Bianca Sampaio Dotto Fiuza
- SENAI Institute of Innovation (ISI) in Health Advanced Systems (CIMATEC ISI SAS), SENAI CIMATEC University Center, Salvador 41650-010, Bahia State, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo Souza Conceição
- Department of Medicine, College of Pharmacy, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador 40170-115, Bahia State, Brazil
| | - Augusto Cezar Magalhães Aleluia
- SENAI Institute of Innovation (ISI) in Health Advanced Systems (CIMATEC ISI SAS), SENAI CIMATEC University Center, Salvador 41650-010, Bahia State, Brazil
- Department of Natural Sciences, Southwestern Bahia State University (UESB), Campus Vitória da Conquista, Vitória da Conquista 45031-300, Bahia State, Brazil
| | - Thassila Nogueira Pitanga
- SENAI Institute of Innovation (ISI) in Health Advanced Systems (CIMATEC ISI SAS), SENAI CIMATEC University Center, Salvador 41650-010, Bahia State, Brazil
- Laboratory for Research in Genetics and Translational Hematology, Gonçalo Moniz Institute, FIOCRUZ-BA, Salvador 40296-710, Bahia State, Brazil
| | - Larissa Moraes dos Santos Fonseca
- SENAI Institute of Innovation (ISI) in Health Advanced Systems (CIMATEC ISI SAS), SENAI CIMATEC University Center, Salvador 41650-010, Bahia State, Brazil
| | - Camila Oliveira Valente
- SENAI Institute of Innovation (ISI) in Health Advanced Systems (CIMATEC ISI SAS), SENAI CIMATEC University Center, Salvador 41650-010, Bahia State, Brazil
| | | | - Bruna Aparecida Souza Machado
- SENAI Institute of Innovation (ISI) in Health Advanced Systems (CIMATEC ISI SAS), SENAI CIMATEC University Center, Salvador 41650-010, Bahia State, Brazil
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Chen N, Wang R, Zhu W, Hao X, Wang J, Chen G, Qiao C, Li X, Liu C, Shen B, Feng J, Chai L, Yu Z, Xiao H. Development and characterization of an antibody that recognizes influenza virus N1 neuraminidases. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0302865. [PMID: 38723016 PMCID: PMC11081314 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0302865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 04/14/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Influenza A viruses (IAVs) continue to pose a huge threat to public health, and their prevention and treatment remain major international issues. Neuraminidase (NA) is the second most abundant surface glycoprotein on influenza viruses, and antibodies to NA have been shown to be effective against influenza infection. In this study, we generated a monoclonal antibody (mAb), named FNA1, directed toward N1 NAs. FNA1 reacted with H1N1 and H5N1 NA, but failed to react with the NA proteins of H3N2 and H7N9. In vitro, FNA1 displayed potent antiviral activity that mediated both NA inhibition (NI) and blocking of pseudovirus release. Moreover, residues 219, 254, 358, and 388 in the NA protein were critical for FNA1 binding to H1N1 NA. However, further validation is necessary to confirm whether FNA1 mAb is indeed a good inhibitor against NA for application against H1N1 and H5N1 viruses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing, China
| | - Renxi Wang
- Laboratory of Brain Disorders, Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Disorders, Beijing Institute of Brain Disorders, Capital Medical University, Ministry of Science and Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Wanlu Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing, China
- Joint National Laboratory for Antibody Drug Engineering, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Xiangjun Hao
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing, China
- Joint National Laboratory for Antibody Drug Engineering, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Jing Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing, China
| | - Guojiang Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing, China
| | - ChunXia Qiao
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing, China
| | - Xinying Li
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing, China
| | - Chenghua Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing, China
| | - Beifen Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing, China
| | - Jiannan Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing, China
| | - Lihui Chai
- Joint National Laboratory for Antibody Drug Engineering, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Zuyin Yu
- Department of Experimental Hematology and Biochemistry, Beijing Key Laboratory for Radiobiology, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - He Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing, China
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Sung MH, Billings WZ, Carlock MA, Hanley HB, Bahl J, Handel A, Ross TM, Shen Y. Assessment of Humoral Immune Responses to Repeated Influenza Vaccination in a Multiyear Cohort: A 5-Year Follow-up. J Infect Dis 2024; 229:322-326. [PMID: 37624957 PMCID: PMC10873184 DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jiad319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Revised: 07/25/2023] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The long-term effects of host factors on vaccine-elicited immune responses have not been well studied, and the interactions of host factors with annual influenza vaccinations are yet to be explored. We analyzed data from a cohort of 386 individuals who received the standard-dose influenza vaccine and enrolled in ≥2 seasons from 2016 to 2020. Our analyses indicated disparate vaccine-elicited immune responses between males and females in adults when they were repeatedly vaccinated for at least 2 seasons. Notably, we found interactive effects between age and body mass index (BMI) on overall immune responses, and between sex at birth and BMI in adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng-Hsuan Sung
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, United States
| | - W Zane Billings
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, United States
| | - Michael A Carlock
- Center for Vaccines and Immunology, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, United States
- Department of Infectious Diseases, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, United States
- Florida Research and Innovation Center, Cleveland Clinic, Port Saint Lucie, Florida, United States
- Department of Infection Biology, Lehner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, United States
| | - Hannah B Hanley
- Center for Vaccines and Immunology, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, United States
| | - Justin Bahl
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, United States
- Center for Vaccines and Immunology, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, United States
- Department of Infectious Diseases, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, United States
- Institute of Bioinformatics, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, United States
- Center for the Ecology of Infectious Diseases, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, United States
| | - Andreas Handel
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, United States
- Center for the Ecology of Infectious Diseases, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, United States
| | - Ted M Ross
- Center for Vaccines and Immunology, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, United States
- Department of Infectious Diseases, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, United States
- Florida Research and Innovation Center, Cleveland Clinic, Port Saint Lucie, Florida, United States
- Department of Infection Biology, Lehner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, United States
| | - Ye Shen
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, United States
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Zhang X, Ross TM. Anti-neuraminidase immunity in the combat against influenza. Expert Rev Vaccines 2024; 23:474-484. [PMID: 38632930 PMCID: PMC11157429 DOI: 10.1080/14760584.2024.2343689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Anti-neuraminidase (NA) immunity correlates with the protection against influenza virus infection in both human and animal models. The aim of this review is to better understand the mechanism of anti-NA immunity, and also to evaluate the approaches on developing NA-based influenza vaccines or enhancing immune responses against NA for current influenza vaccines. AREAS COVERED In this review, the structure of influenza neuraminidase, the contribution of anti-NA immunity to protection, as well as the efforts and challenges of targeting the immune responses to NA were discussed. We also listed some of the newly discovered anti-NA monoclonal antibodies and discussed their contribution in therapeutic as well as the antigen design of a broadly protective NA vaccine. EXPERT OPINION Targeting the immune response to both HA and NA may be critical for achieving the optimal protection since there are different mechanisms of HA and NA elicited protective immunity. Monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) that target the conserved protective lateral face or catalytic sites are effective therapeutics. The epitope discovery using monoclonal antibodies may benefit NA-based vaccine elicited broadly reactive antibody responses. Therefore, the potential for a vaccine that elicits cross-reactive antibodies against neuraminidase is a high priority for next-generation influenza vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojian Zhang
- Center for Vaccines and Immunology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
| | - Ted M. Ross
- Center for Vaccines and Immunology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
- Department of Infectious Diseases, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
- Florida Research and Innovation Center, Cleveland Clinic, Port Saint Lucie, FL, USA
- Department of Infection Biology, Lehner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
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Kardava L, Buckner CM, Moir S. B-Cell Responses to Sars-Cov-2 mRNA Vaccines. Pathog Immun 2022; 7:93-119. [PMID: 36655200 PMCID: PMC9836209 DOI: 10.20411/pai.v7i2.550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2022] [Accepted: 10/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Most vaccines against viral pathogens protect through the acquisition of immunological memory from long-lived plasma cells that produce antibodies and memory B cells that can rapidly respond upon an encounter with the pathogen or its variants. The COVID-19 pandemic and rapid deployment of effective vaccines have provided an unprecedented opportunity to study the immune response to a new yet rapidly evolving pathogen. Here we review the scientific literature and our efforts to understand antibody and B-cell responses to SARS-CoV-2 vaccines, the effect of SARSCoV-2 infection on both primary and secondary immune responses, and how repeated exposures may impact outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lela Kardava
- Laboratory of Immunoregulation, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD
| | - Clarisa M. Buckner
- Laboratory of Immunoregulation, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD
| | - Susan Moir
- Laboratory of Immunoregulation, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD
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SARS-CoV-2 vaccination induces mucosal antibody responses in previously infected individuals. Nat Commun 2022; 13:5135. [PMID: 36050304 PMCID: PMC9435409 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-32389-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2021] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Immune responses at the respiratory mucosal interface are critical to prevent respiratory infections but it is unclear to what extent antigen specific mucosal secretory IgA (SIgA) antibodies are induced by mRNA vaccination in humans. Here we analyze paired serum and saliva samples from patients with and without prior coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) at multiple time points pre and post severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) mRNA vaccination. Our results suggest mucosal SIgA responses induced by mRNA vaccination are impacted by pre-existing immunity. Indeed, vaccination induced a minimal mucosal SIgA response in individuals without pre-exposure to SARS-CoV-2 while SIgA induction after vaccination was more efficient in patients with a history of COVID-19.
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Geng J, Hu X, Zhang Z, Gu Z, Li Y, Mou X, Mao L, Ge Y, Yang X, Song Y, Liu H, Wang L, Wei Z, Wang Z, Xu H. Discovery and pharmacodynamic evaluation of the novel butene lactone derivative M355 against influenza A virus in vitro and in vivo. J Med Virol 2022; 94:4393-4405. [PMID: 35560068 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.27853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2022] [Revised: 04/26/2022] [Accepted: 05/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
A new series of butene lactone derivatives were designed according to an influenza neuraminidase target and their antiviral activities against H1N1 infection of MDCK cells were evaluated. Among them, a compound that was given the name M355 was identified as the most potent against H1N1 (EC50 = 14.7 μM) with low toxicity (CC50 = 538.13 μM). It also visibly reduced the virus-induced cytopathic effect. Time-of-addition analysis indicated that H1N1 was mostly suppressed by M355 at the late stage of its infectious cycle. M355 inhibited neuraminidase in a dose-dependent fashion to a similar extent as oseltamivir, which was also indicated by computer modeling experiment. In a mouse model, lung lesions and virus load were reduced and the expression of nucleoprotein was moderated by M355. The ELISA and qRT-PCR analyses revealed that the levels of IFN-γ, IRF-3, TLR-3, TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6 and IL-8 were down-regulated in the M355-treated groups, whereas the levels of IL-10 and IL-13 were up-regulated. Similarly, IgG was found to be increased in infected mice plasma. These results demonstrate that M355 inhibit the expression of H1N1 in both cellular and animal models. Thus, M355 has the potential to be effective in the treatment of influenza A virus infection. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingwei Geng
- Zhongyuan District Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Zhengzhou, Zhengzhou, 450006, China
| | - Xiaoning Hu
- Binzhou People's Hospital, Binzhou, 256610, Shandong Province, China
| | - Zhongmou Zhang
- Collaborative Innovation Center of New Drug Research and Safety Evaluation, Henan Province; Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Preparation Technologies, Ministry of Education, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China.,Key Laboratory of "Runliang" Antiviral Medicines Research and Development, Institute of Drug Discovery & Development, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Zichen Gu
- Collaborative Innovation Center of New Drug Research and Safety Evaluation, Henan Province; Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Preparation Technologies, Ministry of Education, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China.,Key Laboratory of "Runliang" Antiviral Medicines Research and Development, Institute of Drug Discovery & Development, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Yuanyuan Li
- Collaborative Innovation Center of New Drug Research and Safety Evaluation, Henan Province; Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Preparation Technologies, Ministry of Education, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Xiaodong Mou
- Collaborative Innovation Center of New Drug Research and Safety Evaluation, Henan Province; Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Preparation Technologies, Ministry of Education, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Lu Mao
- Collaborative Innovation Center of New Drug Research and Safety Evaluation, Henan Province; Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Preparation Technologies, Ministry of Education, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China.,Key Laboratory of "Runliang" Antiviral Medicines Research and Development, Institute of Drug Discovery & Development, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Yongzhuang Ge
- Collaborative Innovation Center of New Drug Research and Safety Evaluation, Henan Province; Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Preparation Technologies, Ministry of Education, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China.,Key Laboratory of "Runliang" Antiviral Medicines Research and Development, Institute of Drug Discovery & Development, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Xinyu Yang
- Collaborative Innovation Center of New Drug Research and Safety Evaluation, Henan Province; Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Preparation Technologies, Ministry of Education, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Yihui Song
- Collaborative Innovation Center of New Drug Research and Safety Evaluation, Henan Province; Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Preparation Technologies, Ministry of Education, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Hongmin Liu
- Collaborative Innovation Center of New Drug Research and Safety Evaluation, Henan Province; Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Preparation Technologies, Ministry of Education, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China.,Key Laboratory of "Runliang" Antiviral Medicines Research and Development, Institute of Drug Discovery & Development, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Linqing Wang
- Zhengzhou Key Laboratory of molecular biology, Zhengzhou Normal University, Zhengzhou, 450044, China
| | - Zhanyong Wei
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450046, China
| | - Zhenya Wang
- Collaborative Innovation Center of New Drug Research and Safety Evaluation, Henan Province; Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Preparation Technologies, Ministry of Education, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China.,Key Laboratory of "Runliang" Antiviral Medicines Research and Development, Institute of Drug Discovery & Development, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Haiwei Xu
- Collaborative Innovation Center of New Drug Research and Safety Evaluation, Henan Province; Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Preparation Technologies, Ministry of Education, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China.,Key Laboratory of "Runliang" Antiviral Medicines Research and Development, Institute of Drug Discovery & Development, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
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