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Li X, Xu H, Li C, Guan Y, Liu Y, Zhang T, Meng F, Cheng H, Song X, Jia Z, He R, Zhao J, Chen S, Guan C, Yan S, Wang J, Wei Y, Zhang J, Tang J, Peng J, Wang Y. Biological characteristics of tissue engineered-nerve grafts enhancing peripheral nerve regeneration. Stem Cell Res Ther 2024; 15:215. [PMID: 39020413 PMCID: PMC11256578 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-024-03827-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2024] [Accepted: 07/02/2024] [Indexed: 07/19/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND A favorable regenerative microenvironment is essential for peripheral nerve regeneration. Neural tissue-specific extracellular matrix (ECM) is a natural material that helps direct cell behavior and promote axon regeneration. Both bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) and adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ADSCs) transplantation are effective in repairing peripheral nerve injury (PNI). However, there is no study that characterizes the in vivo microenvironmental characteristics of these two MSCs for the early repair of PNI when combined with neural tissue-derived ECM materials, i.e., acellular nerve allograft (ANA). METHODS In order to investigate biological characteristics, molecular mechanisms of early stage, and effectiveness of ADSCs- or BMSCs-injected into ANA for repairing PNI in vivo, a rat 10 mm long sciatic nerve defect model was used. We isolated primary BMSCs and ADSCs from bone marrow and adipose tissue, respectively. First, to investigate the in vivo response characteristics and underlying molecular mechanisms of ANA combined with BMSCs or ADSCs, eighty-four rats were randomly divided into three groups: ANA group, ANA+BMSC group, and ANA+ADSC group. We performed flow cytometry, RT-PCR, and immunofluorescence staining up to 4 weeks postoperatively. To further elucidate the underlying molecular mechanisms, changes in long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs), circular RNAs (circRNAs), microRNAs (miRNAs), and messenger RNAs (mRNAs) were systematically investigated using whole transcriptome sequencing. We then constructed protein-protein interaction networks to find 10 top ranked hub genes among differentially expressed mRNAs. Second, in order to explore the effectiveness of BMSCs and ADSCs on neural tissue-derived ECM materials for repairing PNI, sixty-eight rats were randomized into four groups: ANA group, ANA+BMSC group, ANA+ADSC group, and AUTO group. In the ANA+BMSC and ANA+ADSC groups, ADSCs/BMSCs were equally injected along the long axis of the 10-mm ANA. Then, we performed histological and functional assessments up to 12 weeks postoperatively. RESULTS The results of flow cytometry and RT-PCR showed that ANA combined with BMSCs exhibited more significant immunomodulatory effects, as evidenced by the up-regulation of interleukin (IL)-10, down-regulation of IL-1β and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) expression, promotion of M1-type macrophage polarization to M2-type, and a significant increase in the number of regulatory T cells (Tregs). ANA combined with ADSCs exhibited more pronounced features of pro-myelination and angiogenesis, as evidenced by the up-regulation of myelin-associated protein gene (MBP and MPZ) and angiogenesis-related factors (TGF-β, VEGF). Moreover, differentially expressed genes from whole transcriptome sequencing results further indicated that ANA loaded with BMSCs exhibited notable immunomodulatory effects and ANA loaded with ADSCs was more associated with angiogenesis, axonal growth, and myelin formation. Notably, ANA infused with BMSCs or ADSCs enhanced peripheral nerve regeneration and motor function recovery with no statistically significant differences. CONCLUSIONS This study revealed that both ANA combined with BMSCs and ADSCs enhance peripheral nerve regeneration and motor function recovery, but their biological characteristics (mainly including immunomodulatory effects, pro-vascular regenerative effects, and pro-myelin regenerative effects) and underlying molecular mechanisms in the process of repairing PNI in vivo are different, providing new insights into MSC therapy for peripheral nerve injury and its clinical translation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangling Li
- The Fourth Medical Center of the General Hospital of People's Liberation Army, Beijing, 100853, China
- Department of Rehabilitation, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Institute of Orthopedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing Key Lab of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopedics, Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Trauma & War Injuries PLA, Beijing, 100853, China
| | - Hang Xu
- Department of General Surgery, General Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300052, China
| | - Chaochao Li
- Institute of Orthopedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing Key Lab of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopedics, Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Trauma & War Injuries PLA, Beijing, 100853, China
| | - Yanjun Guan
- Institute of Orthopedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing Key Lab of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopedics, Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Trauma & War Injuries PLA, Beijing, 100853, China
| | - Yuli Liu
- Institute of Orthopedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing Key Lab of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopedics, Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Trauma & War Injuries PLA, Beijing, 100853, China
| | - Tieyuan Zhang
- Institute of Orthopedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing Key Lab of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopedics, Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Trauma & War Injuries PLA, Beijing, 100853, China
- Shandong University Center for Orthopaedics, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, China
| | - Fanqi Meng
- Department of Anesthesiology, Xuanwu Hospital Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100053, China
| | - Haofeng Cheng
- Institute of Orthopedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing Key Lab of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopedics, Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Trauma & War Injuries PLA, Beijing, 100853, China
- School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Xiangyu Song
- Institute of Orthopedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing Key Lab of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopedics, Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Trauma & War Injuries PLA, Beijing, 100853, China
- School of Medicine, Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou, 075132, China
| | - Zhibo Jia
- Institute of Orthopedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing Key Lab of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopedics, Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Trauma & War Injuries PLA, Beijing, 100853, China
- School of Medicine, Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou, 075132, China
| | - Ruichao He
- Institute of Orthopedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing Key Lab of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopedics, Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Trauma & War Injuries PLA, Beijing, 100853, China
- School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Jinjuan Zhao
- The Fourth Medical Center of the General Hospital of People's Liberation Army, Beijing, 100853, China
- Institute of Orthopedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing Key Lab of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopedics, Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Trauma & War Injuries PLA, Beijing, 100853, China
| | - Shengfeng Chen
- Institute of Orthopedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing Key Lab of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopedics, Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Trauma & War Injuries PLA, Beijing, 100853, China
| | - Congcong Guan
- Institute of Orthopedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing Key Lab of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopedics, Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Trauma & War Injuries PLA, Beijing, 100853, China
- School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Shi Yan
- Institute of Orthopedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing Key Lab of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopedics, Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Trauma & War Injuries PLA, Beijing, 100853, China
- School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Jinpeng Wang
- Institute of Orthopedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing Key Lab of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopedics, Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Trauma & War Injuries PLA, Beijing, 100853, China
| | - Yu Wei
- Institute of Orthopedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing Key Lab of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopedics, Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Trauma & War Injuries PLA, Beijing, 100853, China
| | - Jian Zhang
- Institute of Orthopedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing Key Lab of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopedics, Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Trauma & War Injuries PLA, Beijing, 100853, China
| | - Jinshu Tang
- The Fourth Medical Center of the General Hospital of People's Liberation Army, Beijing, 100853, China.
| | - Jiang Peng
- The Fourth Medical Center of the General Hospital of People's Liberation Army, Beijing, 100853, China.
- Institute of Orthopedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing Key Lab of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopedics, Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Trauma & War Injuries PLA, Beijing, 100853, China.
| | - Yu Wang
- The Fourth Medical Center of the General Hospital of People's Liberation Army, Beijing, 100853, China.
- Institute of Orthopedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing Key Lab of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopedics, Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Trauma & War Injuries PLA, Beijing, 100853, China.
- Co-Innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, China.
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García M, Carrasco García A, Weigel W, Christ W, Lira-Junior R, Wirth L, Tauriainen J, Maleki K, Vanoni G, Vaheri A, Mäkelä S, Mustonen J, Nordgren J, Smed-Sörensen A, Strandin T, Mjösberg J, Klingström J. Innate lymphoid cells are activated in HFRS, and their function can be modulated by hantavirus-induced type I interferons. PLoS Pathog 2024; 20:e1012390. [PMID: 39038044 PMCID: PMC11293681 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1012390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2024] [Revised: 08/01/2024] [Accepted: 07/03/2024] [Indexed: 07/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Hantaviruses cause the acute zoonotic diseases hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) and hantavirus pulmonary syndrome (HPS). Infected patients show strong systemic inflammation and immune cell activation. NK cells are highly activated in HFRS, suggesting that also other innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) might be responding to infection. Here, we characterized peripheral ILC responses, and measured plasma levels of soluble factors and plasma viral load, in 17 Puumala virus (PUUV)-infected HFRS patients. This revealed an increased frequency of ILC2 in patients, in particular the ILC2 lineage-committed c-Kitlo ILC2 subset. Patients' ILCs showed an activated profile with increased proliferation and displayed altered expression of several homing markers. How ILCs are activated during viral infection is largely unknown. When analyzing PUUV-mediated activation of ILCs in vitro we observed that this was dependent on type I interferons, suggesting a role for type I interferons-produced in response to virus infection-in the activation of ILCs. Further, stimulation of naïve ILC2s with IFN-β affected ILC2 cytokine responses in vitro, causing decreased IL-5 and IL-13, and increased IL-10, CXCL10, and GM-CSF secretion. These results show that ILCs are activated in HFRS patients and suggest that the classical antiviral type I IFNs are involved in shaping ILC functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina García
- Center for Infectious Medicine, Department of Medicine Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Anna Carrasco García
- Center for Infectious Medicine, Department of Medicine Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Whitney Weigel
- Center for Infectious Medicine, Department of Medicine Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Wanda Christ
- Center for Infectious Medicine, Department of Medicine Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ronaldo Lira-Junior
- Section of Oral Diagnostics and Surgery, Division of Oral Diagnostics and Rehabilitation, Department of Dental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Lorenz Wirth
- Center for Infectious Medicine, Department of Medicine Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Mechanistic & Structural Biology, Discovery Sciences, R&D, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Johanna Tauriainen
- Center for Infectious Medicine, Department of Medicine Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Kimia Maleki
- Center for Infectious Medicine, Department of Medicine Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Giulia Vanoni
- Institut Curie, PSL University, Inserm, Immunity and Cancer, Paris, France
| | - Antti Vaheri
- Department of Virology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Satu Mäkelä
- Department of Internal Medicine, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | - Jukka Mustonen
- Department of Internal Medicine, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | - Johan Nordgren
- Division of Molecular Medicine and Virology, Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Anna Smed-Sörensen
- Division of Immunology and Allergy, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Tomas Strandin
- Department of Virology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Division of Immunology and Allergy, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jenny Mjösberg
- Center for Infectious Medicine, Department of Medicine Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jonas Klingström
- Center for Infectious Medicine, Department of Medicine Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Division of Molecular Medicine and Virology, Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
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3
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Fitzsimmons L, Bublitz D, Clark T, Hackstadt T. Rickettsia rickettsii virulence determinants RARP2 and RapL mitigate IFN- β signaling in primary human dermal microvascular endothelial cells. mBio 2024; 15:e0345023. [PMID: 38445878 PMCID: PMC11005427 DOI: 10.1128/mbio.03450-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024] Open
Abstract
We compared the growth characteristics of a virulent Rickettsia rickettsii strain (Sheila Smith) to an attenuated R. rickettsii stain (Iowa) and a non-pathogenic species (R. montanensis) in primary human dermal microvascular endothelial cells (HDMEC). All replicated in Vero cells, however, only the Sheila Smith strain productively replicated in HDMECs. The Iowa strain showed minimal replication over a 24-h period, while R. montanensis lost viability and induced lysis of the HDMECs via a rapid programmed cell death response. Both the virulent and attenuated R. rickettsii strains, but not R. montanensis, induced an interferon-1 response, although the response was of lesser magnitude and delayed in the Sheila Smith strain. IFN-β secretion correlated with increased host cell lysis, and treatment with anti-IFNAR2 antibody decreased lysis from Iowa-infected but not Sheila Smith-infected cells. Both Sheila Smith- and Iowa-infected cells eventually lysed, although the response from Sheila Smith was delayed and showed characteristics of apoptosis. We, therefore, examined whether reconstitution of the Iowa strain with two recently described putative virulence determinants might enhance survival of Iowa within HDMECs. Reconstitution with RARP2, which is inhibitory to anterograde trafficking through the Golgi apparatus, reduced IFN-β secretion but had no effect on cell lysis. RapL, which proteolytically processes surface exposed autotransporters and enhances replication of Iowa in Guinea pigs, suppressed both IFN-β production and host cell lysis. These findings suggest distinct mechanisms by which virulent spotted fever group rickettsiae may enhance intracellular survival and replication.IMPORTANCEWe examined a naturally occurring non-pathogenic rickettsial species, R. montanensis, a laboratory-attenuated R. rickettsii strain (Iowa), and a fully virulent R. rickettsii strain (Sheila Smith) for growth in human dermal microvascular endothelial cells. The two avirulent strains replicated poorly or not at all. Only the virulent Sheila Smith strain replicated. IFN-β production correlated with the inhibition of R. rickettsii Iowa. Reconstitution of Iowa with either of two recently described putative virulence determinants altered the IFN-β response. A rickettsial ankyrin repeat protein, RARP2, disrupts the trans-Golgi network and inhibits IFN-β secretion. An autotransporter peptidase, RapL, restores proteolytic maturation of outer membrane autotransporters and diminishes the IFN-β response to enhance cell survival and permit replication of the recombinant strain. These studies point the way toward discovery of mechanisms for innate immune response avoidance by virulent rickettsia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liam Fitzsimmons
- Host-Parasite Interactions Section, Laboratory of Bacteriology, Rocky Mountain Laboratories, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Hamilton, Montana, USA
| | - DeAnna Bublitz
- Host-Parasite Interactions Section, Laboratory of Bacteriology, Rocky Mountain Laboratories, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Hamilton, Montana, USA
| | - Tina Clark
- Host-Parasite Interactions Section, Laboratory of Bacteriology, Rocky Mountain Laboratories, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Hamilton, Montana, USA
| | - Ted Hackstadt
- Host-Parasite Interactions Section, Laboratory of Bacteriology, Rocky Mountain Laboratories, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Hamilton, Montana, USA
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Zou C, Li W, Zhang Y, Feng N, Chen S, Yan L, He Q, Wang K, Li W, Li Y, Wang Y, Xu B, Zhang D. Identification of an anaplastic subtype of prostate cancer amenable to therapies targeting SP1 or translation elongation. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2024; 10:eadm7098. [PMID: 38569039 PMCID: PMC10990282 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adm7098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024]
Abstract
Histopathological heterogeneity is a hallmark of prostate cancer (PCa). Using spatial and parallel single-nucleus transcriptomics, we report an androgen receptor (AR)-positive but neuroendocrine-null primary PCa subtype with morphologic and molecular characteristics of small cell carcinoma. Such small cell-like PCa (SCLPC) is clinically aggressive with low AR, but high stemness and proliferation, activity. Molecular characterization prioritizes protein translation, represented by up-regulation of many ribosomal protein genes, and SP1, a transcriptional factor that drives SCLPC phenotype and overexpresses in castration-resistant PCa (CRPC), as two potential therapeutic targets in AR-indifferent CRPC. An SP1-specific inhibitor, plicamycin, effectively suppresses CRPC growth in vivo. Homoharringtonine, a Food And Drug Administration-approved translation elongation inhibitor, impedes CRPC progression in preclinical models and patients with CRPC. We construct an SCLPC-specific signature capable of stratifying patients for drug selectivity. Our studies reveal the existence of SCLPC in admixed PCa pathology, which may mediate tumor relapse, and establish SP1 and translation elongation as actionable therapeutic targets for CRPC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Zou
- The Affiliated XiangTan Central Hospital of Hunan University, School of Biomedical Sciences, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, Hunan Province, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Molecular Medicine, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, Hunan Province, China
- Shenzhen Research Institute, Hunan University, Shenzhen 518000, China
| | - Wenchao Li
- Department of Urology, School of Medicine, Affiliated ZhongDa Hospital of Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Yuanzhen Zhang
- The Affiliated XiangTan Central Hospital of Hunan University, School of Biomedical Sciences, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, Hunan Province, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Molecular Medicine, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, Hunan Province, China
- Shenzhen Research Institute, Hunan University, Shenzhen 518000, China
| | - Ninghan Feng
- Department of Urology and Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University Medical Center, Wuxi 214002, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Saisai Chen
- Department of Urology, School of Medicine, Affiliated ZhongDa Hospital of Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Lianlian Yan
- The Affiliated XiangTan Central Hospital of Hunan University, School of Biomedical Sciences, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, Hunan Province, China
| | - Qinju He
- The Affiliated XiangTan Central Hospital of Hunan University, School of Biomedical Sciences, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, Hunan Province, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Molecular Medicine, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, Hunan Province, China
| | - Kai Wang
- Department of Urology, School of Medicine, Affiliated ZhongDa Hospital of Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Wenjun Li
- The Affiliated XiangTan Central Hospital of Hunan University, School of Biomedical Sciences, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, Hunan Province, China
- Shenzhen Research Institute, Hunan University, Shenzhen 518000, China
| | - Yingying Li
- The Affiliated XiangTan Central Hospital of Hunan University, School of Biomedical Sciences, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, Hunan Province, China
- Shenzhen Research Institute, Hunan University, Shenzhen 518000, China
| | - Yang Wang
- Department of Urology and Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University Medical Center, Wuxi 214002, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Bin Xu
- Department of Urology, School of Medicine, Affiliated ZhongDa Hospital of Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, Jiangsu Province, China
- National Medicine-Engineering Interdisciplinary Industry-Education Integration Innovation Platform (Ministry of Education), Basic Medicine Research and Innovation Center, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Dingxiao Zhang
- The Affiliated XiangTan Central Hospital of Hunan University, School of Biomedical Sciences, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, Hunan Province, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Molecular Medicine, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, Hunan Province, China
- Shenzhen Research Institute, Hunan University, Shenzhen 518000, China
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Giedraitiene A, Tatarunas V, Kaminskaite K, Meskauskaite U, Boieva S, Ajima Y, Ciapiene I, Veikutiene A, Zvikas V, Kupstyte-Kristapone N, Jakstas V, Luksiene D, Tamosiunas A, Lesauskaite V. Enterobacterales Biofilm-Specific Genes and Antimicrobial and Anti-Inflammatory Biomarkers in the Blood of Patients with Ischemic Heart Disease. Diagnostics (Basel) 2024; 14:546. [PMID: 38473018 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics14050546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2024] [Revised: 02/29/2024] [Accepted: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ischemic heart disease (IHD) is the most prevalent type of cardiovascular disease. The main cause of IHD is atherosclerosis, which is a multifactorial inflammatory disease of blood vessels. Studies show that bacteria might have a significant impact on the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis and plaque rupture. This study aimed to evaluate the complexity of interactions between bacteria and the human body concerning metabolites and bacterial genes in patients with ischemic heart disease. METHODS Bacterial 16S rDNA and wcaF, papC, and sdhC genes were detected in whole blood using a real-time PCR methodology. An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to measure the concentration of the LL-37 protein. An analysis of ARA in blood plasma was performed. RESULTS Bacterial 16S rDNA was detected in 31% of the study patients, and the genes wcaF and sdhC in 20%. Enterobacterales genes were detected more frequently in patients younger than 65 years than in patients aged 65 years and older (p = 0.018) and in patients with type 2 diabetes (p = 0.048). Concentrations of the human antimicrobial peptide LL-37 and 12S-HETE concentrations were determined to be higher if patients had 16S rDNA and biofilm-specific genes. CONCLUSIONS The results of this study enhance the understanding that Enterobacterales bacteria may participate in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis and IHD. Bacterial DNA and host metabolites in higher concentrations appear to be detected.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agne Giedraitiene
- Institute of Microbiology and Virology, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Eiveniu 4, LT 50161 Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Vacis Tatarunas
- Institute of Cardiology, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Sukileliu 15, LT 50103 Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Kornelija Kaminskaite
- Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, A. Mickeviciaus 9, LT 44307 Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Ugne Meskauskaite
- Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, A. Mickeviciaus 9, LT 44307 Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Svitlana Boieva
- Institute of Cardiology, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Sukileliu 15, LT 50103 Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Yu Ajima
- Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, A. Mickeviciaus 9, LT 44307 Kaunas, Lithuania
- School of Medicine, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima 734-8553, Japan
| | - Ieva Ciapiene
- Institute of Cardiology, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Sukileliu 15, LT 50103 Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Audrone Veikutiene
- Institute of Cardiology, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Sukileliu 15, LT 50103 Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Vaidotas Zvikas
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Technologies, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Sukileliu 13, LT 50161 Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Nora Kupstyte-Kristapone
- Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, A. Mickeviciaus 9, LT 44307 Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Valdas Jakstas
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Technologies, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Sukileliu 13, LT 50161 Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Dalia Luksiene
- Institute of Cardiology, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Sukileliu 15, LT 50103 Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Abdonas Tamosiunas
- Institute of Cardiology, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Sukileliu 15, LT 50103 Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Vaiva Lesauskaite
- Institute of Cardiology, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Sukileliu 15, LT 50103 Kaunas, Lithuania
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Zhang Y, Liu Z, Zhong Z, Ji Y, Guo H, Wang W, Chen C. A tumor suppressor protein encoded by circKEAP1 inhibits osteosarcoma cell stemness and metastasis by promoting vimentin proteasome degradation and activating anti-tumor immunity. J Exp Clin Cancer Res 2024; 43:52. [PMID: 38383479 PMCID: PMC10880370 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-024-02971-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Osteosarcoma (OS) is one of most commonly diagnosed bone cancer. Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are a class of highly stable non-coding RNA, the majority of which have not been characterized functionally. The underlying function and molecular mechanisms of circRNAs in OS have not been fully demonstrated. METHOD Microarray analysis was performed to identify circRNAs that are differentially-expressed between OS and corresponding normal tissues. The biological function of circKEAP1 was confirmed in vitro and in vivo. Mass spectrometry and western blot assays were used to identify the circKEAP1-encoded protein KEAP1-259aa. The molecular mechanism of circKEAP1 was investigated by RNA sequencing and RNA immunoprecipitation analyses. RESULTS Here, we identified a tumor suppressor circKEAP1, originating from the back-splicing of exon2 of the KEAP1 gene. Clinically, circKEAP1 is downregulated in OS tumors and associated with better survival in cancer patients. N6-methyladenosine (m6A) at a specific adenosine leads to low expression of circKEAP1. Further analysis revealed that circKEAP1 contained a 777 nt long ORF and encoded a truncated protein KEAP1-259aa that reduces cell proliferation, invasion and tumorsphere formation of OS cells. Mechanistically, KEAP1-259aa bound to vimentin in the cytoplasm to promote vimentin proteasome degradation by interacting with the E3 ligase ARIH1. Moreover, circKEAP1 interacted with RIG-I to activate anti-tumor immunity via the IFN-γ pathway. CONCLUSION Taken together, our findings characterize a tumor suppressor circKEAP1 as a key tumor suppressor regulating of OS cell stemness, proliferation and migration, providing potential therapeutic targets for treatment of OS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Zhang
- Department of Radiotherapy, Cancer Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, No. 7 Raoping Road, Shantou, Guangdong, 515041, PR China.
- Sports Medicine Center, First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515041, China.
| | - Zhaoyong Liu
- Department of Orthopaedics, First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, No. 57 Changping Road, Shantou, Guangdong, 515041, China
- Sports Medicine Center, First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515041, China
| | - Zhigang Zhong
- Sports Medicine Center, First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515041, China
- Sports Medicine Institute, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515041, China
| | - Yanchen Ji
- Department of Radiotherapy, Cancer Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, No. 7 Raoping Road, Shantou, Guangdong, 515041, PR China
| | - Huancheng Guo
- Department of Orthopaedics, First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, No. 57 Changping Road, Shantou, Guangdong, 515041, China
| | - Weidong Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Cancer Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, No. 7 Raoping Road, Shantou, Guangdong, 515041, China
| | - Chuangzhen Chen
- Department of Radiotherapy, Cancer Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, No. 7 Raoping Road, Shantou, Guangdong, 515041, PR China
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7
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Zhang J, Xia Y, Li X, He R, Xie X. Case report: A case of Acute Macular Neuroretinopathy secondary to Influenza A virus during Long COVID. Front Immunol 2024; 14:1302504. [PMID: 38288123 PMCID: PMC10822910 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1302504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2024] Open
Abstract
Ocular abnormalities have been reported in association with viral infections, including Long COVID, a debilitating illness caused by the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). This report presents a case of a female patient diagnosed with Acute Macular Neuroretinopathy (AMN) following an Influenza A virus infection during Long COVID who experienced severe inflammation symptoms and ocular complications. We hypothesize that the rare occurrence of AMN in this patient could be associated with the immune storm secondary to the viral infection during Long COVID.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaqi Zhang
- Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
- Eye School of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Yihao Xia
- Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
- Eye School of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaodong Li
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, China
| | - Runxi He
- Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
- Eye School of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Xuejun Xie
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
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8
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Vieceli Dalla Sega F, Fortini F, Licastro D, Monego SD, Degasperi M, Ascierto A, Marracino L, Severi P, D'Accolti M, Soffritti I, Brambilla M, Camera M, Tremoli E, Contoli M, Spadaro S, Campo G, Ferrari R, Caselli E, Rizzo P. Serum from COVID-19 patients promotes endothelial cell dysfunction through protease-activated receptor 2. Inflamm Res 2024; 73:117-130. [PMID: 38117300 DOI: 10.1007/s00011-023-01823-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Revised: 10/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Endothelial dysfunction plays a central role in the pathophysiology of COVID-19 and is closely linked to the severity and mortality of the disease. The inflammatory response to SARS-CoV-2 infection can alter the capacity of the endothelium to regulate vascular tone, immune responses, and the balance between anti-thrombotic and pro-thrombotic properties. However, the specific endothelial pathways altered during COVID-19 still need to be fully understood. OBJECTIVE In this study, we sought to identify molecular changes in endothelial cells induced by circulating factors characteristic of COVID-19. METHODS AND RESULTS To this aim, we cultured endothelial cells with sera from patients with COVID-19 or non-COVID-19 pneumonia. Through transcriptomic analysis, we were able to identify a distinctive endothelial phenotype that is induced by sera from COVID-19 patients. We confirmed and expanded this observation in vitro by showing that COVID-19 serum alters functional properties of endothelial cells leading to increased apoptosis, loss of barrier integrity, and hypercoagulability. Furthermore, we demonstrated that these endothelial dysfunctions are mediated by protease-activated receptor 2 (PAR-2), as predicted by transcriptome network analysis validated by in vitro functional assays. CONCLUSION Our findings provide the rationale for further studies to evaluate whether targeting PAR-2 may be a clinically effective strategy to counteract endothelial dysfunction in COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Alessia Ascierto
- Department of Translational Medicine and Laboratory for Technologies of Advanced Therapies (LTTA), University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Luisa Marracino
- Department of Translational Medicine and Laboratory for Technologies of Advanced Therapies (LTTA), University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Paolo Severi
- Department of Translational Medicine and Laboratory for Technologies of Advanced Therapies (LTTA), University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Maria D'Accolti
- Department of Chemical, Pharmaceutical, and Agricultural Sciences, and LTTA, Section of Microbiology, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Irene Soffritti
- Department of Chemical, Pharmaceutical, and Agricultural Sciences, and LTTA, Section of Microbiology, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | | | - Marina Camera
- Centro Cardiologico Monzino IRCCS, Milan, Italy
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Elena Tremoli
- Maria Cecilia Hospital, GVM Care & Research, Cotignola, Italy
| | - Marco Contoli
- Respiratory Section, Department of Translational Medicine, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Savino Spadaro
- Intensive Care Unit, Department of Translational Medicine, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Gianluca Campo
- Cardiology Unit, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Ferrara, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Roberto Ferrari
- Department of Translational Medicine and Laboratory for Technologies of Advanced Therapies (LTTA), University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Caselli
- Department of Chemical, Pharmaceutical, and Agricultural Sciences, and LTTA, Section of Microbiology, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Paola Rizzo
- Maria Cecilia Hospital, GVM Care & Research, Cotignola, Italy
- Department of Translational Medicine and Laboratory for Technologies of Advanced Therapies (LTTA), University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
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9
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Shen J, Wu Y, Cao F, Huang H, Ma X, Zhang Y, Chen L. Effects of Huzhangoside C on Dextran Sodium Sulfate-Stimulated Colitis in Mice. J Med Food 2024; 27:35-46. [PMID: 38156815 DOI: 10.1089/jmf.2023.k.0154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Chronic inflammation is a major risk factor for cancer. Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic inflammatory disease of the gastrointestinal tract, ultimately leading to a breakdown of intestinal barrier function. Clematis florida var. plena is a folk prescription used to treat inflammation and rheumatism in She pharmacy. The bioactivity of C. florida var. plena is primarily due to triterpene saponins. Huzhangoside C (HZ) is an active component of C. florida var. plena. In this study, the anti-inflammatory effect of HZ on a mouse colitis model induced by dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) was investigated. Result indicated a notable reduction in body weight loss and colon length shortening in HZ-mediated mice compared to DSS-stimulated control mice. Furthermore, inflammatory signaling mechanisms involving interleukin-6 and tumor necrosis factor-α were suppressed in HZ-treated mice. HZ treatment significantly suppressed the expression of nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB), STAT3, and iNOS in colon tissue. After HZ treatment, malondialdehyde and nitric oxide levels were significantly decreased, while Nrf-2, superoxide dismutase, and glutathione expression levels were notably improved. The result indicated that HZ could activate the Nrf-2 signal cascade, inhibit the expression of NF-κB, eNOS, and STAT3, and enhance the intestinal barrier function of DSS stimulated ulcerative colitis intestinal injury. The results suggest that HZ is potential anti-inflammatory agent for treating IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinhuang Shen
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Natural Medicine Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Ying Wu
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Natural Medicine Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Fan Cao
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Natural Medicine Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Hongying Huang
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Natural Medicine Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Xinhua Ma
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Natural Medicine Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Yonghong Zhang
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Natural Medicine Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Limin Chen
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Natural Medicine Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
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10
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Lin J, Cai Y, Wang J, Liu R, Qiu C, Huang Y, Liu B, Yang X, Zhou S, Shen Y, Wang W, Zhu J. Transcriptome sequencing promotes insights on the molecular mechanism of SKP-SC-EVs mitigating denervation-induced muscle atrophy. Mol Biol Rep 2023; 51:9. [PMID: 38085347 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-023-08952-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Complex pathophysiological changes accompany denervation-induced skeletal muscle atrophy, but no effective treatment strategies exist. Our previous study indicated that extracellular vesicles derived from skin-derived precursors-derived Schwann cells (SKP-SC-EVs) can effectively mitigate denervation-induced muscle atrophy. However, the specific molecular mechanism remains unclear. METHODS AND RESULTS In this study, we used bioinformatics methods to scrutinize the impact of SKP-SC-EVs on gene expression in denervation-induced skeletal muscle atrophy. We found that SKP-SC-EVs altered the expression of 358 genes in denervated skeletal muscles. The differentially expressed genes were predominantly participated in biological processes, including cell cycle, inflammation, immunity, and adhesion, and signaling pathways, such as FoxO and PI3K.Using the Molecular Complex Detection (MCODE) plugin, we identified the two clusters with the highest score: cluster 1 comprised 37 genes, and Cluster 2 consisted of 24 genes. Then, fifty hub genes were identified using CytoHubba. The intersection of Hub genes and genes obtained by MCODE showed that all 23 genes related to the cell cycle in Cluster 1 were hub genes, and 5 genes in Cluster 2 were hub genes and associated with inflammation. CONCLUSIONS Overall, the differentially expressed genes in denervated skeletal muscle following SKP-SC-EVs treatment are primarily linked to the cell cycle and inflammation. Consequently, promoting proliferation and inhibiting inflammation may be the critical process in which SKP-SC-EVs delay denervation-induced muscle atrophy. Our findings contribute to a better understanding of the molecular mechanism of SKP-SC-EVs delaying denervation-induced muscle atrophy, offering a promising new avenue for muscle atrophy treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junfei Lin
- Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, 226001, P. R. China
| | - Yong Cai
- Department of Neurology, Binhai County People's Hospital, Yancheng, Jiangsu Province, 224500, P. R. China
| | - Jian Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Nantong Third Hospital Affiliated to Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, 226001, P. R. China
| | - Ruiqi Liu
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Medical College, Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, Jiangsu Province, P. R. China
| | - Chong Qiu
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Medical College, Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, Jiangsu Province, P. R. China
| | - Yan Huang
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Medical College, Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, Jiangsu Province, P. R. China
| | - Boya Liu
- Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and Ministry of Education, Co-Innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Tissue Engineering Technology Products, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, 226001, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoming Yang
- Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and Ministry of Education, Co-Innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Tissue Engineering Technology Products, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, 226001, P. R. China
| | - Songlin Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and Ministry of Education, Co-Innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Tissue Engineering Technology Products, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, 226001, P. R. China
| | - Yuntian Shen
- Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and Ministry of Education, Co-Innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Tissue Engineering Technology Products, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, 226001, P. R. China.
| | - Wei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and Ministry of Education, Co-Innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Tissue Engineering Technology Products, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, 226001, P. R. China.
- Department of Pathology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, 226001, P. R. China.
| | - Jianwei Zhu
- Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, 226001, P. R. China.
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11
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Xue J, Zhang Z, Sun Y, Jin D, Guo L, Li X, Zhao D, Feng X, Qi W, Zhu H. Research Progress and Molecular Mechanisms of Endothelial Cells Inflammation in Vascular-Related Diseases. J Inflamm Res 2023; 16:3593-3617. [PMID: 37641702 PMCID: PMC10460614 DOI: 10.2147/jir.s418166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2023] [Accepted: 08/02/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Endothelial cells (ECs) are widely distributed inside the vascular network, forming a vital barrier between the bloodstream and the walls of blood vessels. These versatile cells serve myriad functions, including the regulation of vascular tension and the management of hemostasis and thrombosis. Inflammation constitutes a cascade of biological responses incited by biological, chemical, or physical stimuli. While inflammation is inherently a protective mechanism, dysregulated inflammation can precipitate a host of vascular pathologies. ECs play a critical role in the genesis and progression of vascular inflammation, which has been implicated in the etiology of numerous vascular disorders, such as atherosclerosis, cardiovascular diseases, respiratory diseases, diabetes mellitus, and sepsis. Upon activation, ECs secrete potent inflammatory mediators that elicit both innate and adaptive immune reactions, culminating in inflammation. To date, no comprehensive and nuanced account of the research progress concerning ECs and inflammation in vascular-related maladies exists. Consequently, this review endeavors to synthesize the contributions of ECs to inflammatory processes, delineate the molecular signaling pathways involved in regulation, and categorize and consolidate the various models and treatment strategies for vascular-related diseases. It is our aspiration that this review furnishes cogent experimental evidence supporting the established link between endothelial inflammation and vascular-related pathologies, offers a theoretical foundation for clinical investigations, and imparts valuable insights for the development of therapeutic agents targeting these diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaojiao Xue
- College of Chinese Medicine, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ziwei Zhang
- College of Chinese Medicine, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yuting Sun
- Department of Endocrinology, Guang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Di Jin
- Department of Nephrology, First Affiliated Hospital to Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, People’s Republic of China
| | - Liming Guo
- College of Chinese Medicine, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiangyan Li
- Northeast Asia Research Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Key Laboratory of Active Substances and Biological Mechanisms of Ginseng Efficacy, Ministry of Education, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Biomacromolecules of Chinese Medicine, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, People’s Republic of China
| | - Daqing Zhao
- Northeast Asia Research Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Key Laboratory of Active Substances and Biological Mechanisms of Ginseng Efficacy, Ministry of Education, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Biomacromolecules of Chinese Medicine, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaochun Feng
- Department of Nephropathy and Rheumatology in Children, Children’s Medical Center, First Affiliated Hospital to Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wenxiu Qi
- Northeast Asia Research Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Key Laboratory of Active Substances and Biological Mechanisms of Ginseng Efficacy, Ministry of Education, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Biomacromolecules of Chinese Medicine, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, People’s Republic of China
| | - Haoyu Zhu
- Department of Nephropathy and Rheumatology in Children, Children’s Medical Center, First Affiliated Hospital to Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, People’s Republic of China
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12
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Martino E, D'Onofrio N, Balestrieri A, Mele L, Sardu C, Marfella R, Campanile G, Balestrieri ML. MiR-15b-5p and PCSK9 inhibition reduces lipopolysaccharide-induced endothelial dysfunction by targeting SIRT4. Cell Mol Biol Lett 2023; 28:66. [PMID: 37587410 PMCID: PMC10428548 DOI: 10.1186/s11658-023-00482-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2023] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 08/18/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Endothelial dysfunction and deregulated microRNAs (miRNAs) participate in the development of sepsis and are associated with septic organ failure and death. Here, we explored the role of miR-15b-5p on inflammatory pathways in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-treated human endothelial cells, HUVEC and TeloHAEC. METHODS The miR-15b-5p levels were evaluated in LPS-stimulated HUVEC and TeloHAEC cells by quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR). Functional experiments using cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8), transfection with antagomir, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA) were conducted, along with investigation of pyroptosis, apoptosis, autophagy, and mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) by cytofluorometric analysis and verified by fluorescence microscopy. Sirtuin 4 (SIRT4) levels were detected by ELISA and immunoblotting, while proprotein convertase subtilisin-kexin type 9 (PCSK9) expression was determined by flow cytometry (FACS) and immunofluorescence analyses. Dual-luciferase reporter evaluation was performed to confirm the miR-15b-5p-SIRT4 interaction. RESULTS The results showed a correlation among miR-15b-5p, PCSK9, and SIRT4 levels in septic HUVEC and TeloHAEC. Inhibition of miR-15b-5p upregulated SIRT4 content, alleviated sepsis-related inflammatory pathways, attenuated mitochondrial stress, and prevented apoptosis, pyroptosis, and autophagic mechanisms. Finally, a PCSK9 inhibitor (i-PCSK9) was used to analyze the involvement of PCSK9 in septic endothelial injury. i-PCSK9 treatment increased SIRT4 protein levels, opposed the septic inflammatory cascade leading to pyroptosis and autophagy, and strengthened the protective role of miR-15b-5p inhibition. Increased luciferase signal validated the miR-15b-5p-SIRT4 binding. CONCLUSIONS Our in vitro findings suggested the miR-15b-5p-SIRT4 axis as a suitable target for LPS-induced inflammatory pathways occurring in sepsis, and provide additional knowledge on the beneficial effect of i-PCSK9 in preventing vascular damage by targeting SIRT4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Martino
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Via L. De Crecchio 7, 80138, Naples, Italy
| | - Nunzia D'Onofrio
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Via L. De Crecchio 7, 80138, Naples, Italy.
| | - Anna Balestrieri
- Food Safety Department, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Mezzogiorno, Via Salute 2, 80055, Portici, Italy
| | - Luigi Mele
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Via Luciano Armanni 5, 80138, Naples, Italy
| | - Celestino Sardu
- Department of Advanced Clinical and Surgical Sciences, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Piazza Miraglia, 80138, Naples, Italy
| | - Raffaele Marfella
- Department of Advanced Clinical and Surgical Sciences, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Piazza Miraglia, 80138, Naples, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Campanile
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, University of Naples Federico II, Via F. Delpino 1, 80137, Naples, Italy
| | - Maria Luisa Balestrieri
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Via L. De Crecchio 7, 80138, Naples, Italy
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Chaudhary RK, L A, Patil P, Mateti UV, Sah S, Mohanty A, Rath RS, Padhi BK, Malik S, Jassim KH, Al-Shammari MA, Waheed Y, Satapathy P, Barboza JJ, Rodriguez-Morales AJ, Sah R. System Biology Approach to Identify the Hub Genes and Pathways Associated with Human H5N1 Infection. Vaccines (Basel) 2023; 11:1269. [PMID: 37515084 PMCID: PMC10385284 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines11071269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2023] [Revised: 04/27/2023] [Accepted: 05/13/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION H5N1 is a highly pathogenic avian influenza virus that can infect humans and has an estimated fatality rate of 53%. As shown by the current situation of the COVID-19 pandemic, emerging and re-emerging viruses such as H5N1 have the potential to cause another pandemic. Thus, this study outlined the hub genes and pathways associated with H5N1 infection in humans. METHODS The genes associated with H5N1 infection in humans were retrieved from the NCBI Gene database using "H5N1 virus infection" as the keyword. The genes obtained were investigated for protein-protein interaction (PPI) using STRING version 11.5 and studied for functional enrichment analysis using DAVID 2021. Further, the PPI network was visualised and analysed using Cytoscape 3.7.2, and the hub genes were obtained using the local topological analysis method of the cytoHubba plugin. RESULTS A total of 39 genes associated with H5N1 infection in humans significantly interacted with each other, forming a PPI network with 38 nodes and 149 edges modulating 74 KEGG pathways, 76 biological processes, 13 cellular components, and 22 molecular functions. Further, the PPI network analysis revealed that 33 nodes interacted, forming 1056 shortest paths at 0.282 network density, along with a 1.947 characteristic path length. The local topological analysis predicted IFNA1, IRF3, CXCL8, CXCL10, IFNB1, and CHUK as the critical hub genes in human H5N1 infection. CONCLUSION The hub genes associated with the H5N1 infection and their pathways could serve as diagnostic, prognostic, and therapeutic targets for H5N1 infection among humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raushan Kumar Chaudhary
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, NGSM Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (NGSMIPS), Nitte (Deemed to be University), Mangaluru 575018, Karnataka, India
| | - Ananthesh L
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, NGSM Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (NGSMIPS), Nitte (Deemed to be University), Mangaluru 575018, Karnataka, India
| | - Prakash Patil
- Central Research Laboratory, K.S. Hegde Medical Academy (KSHEMA), Nitte (Deemed to be University), Mangaluru 575018, Karnataka, India
| | - Uday Venkat Mateti
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, NGSM Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (NGSMIPS), Nitte (Deemed to be University), Mangaluru 575018, Karnataka, India
| | - Sanjit Sah
- Global Consortium for Public Health and Research, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Wardha 442001, India
| | - Aroop Mohanty
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Gorakhpur 273008, India
| | - Rama S Rath
- Department of Community Medicine and Family Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Gorakhpur 273008, India
| | - Bijaya Kumar Padhi
- Department of Community Medicine and School of Public Health, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh 160012, India
| | - Sumira Malik
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University Jharkhand, Ranchi 834001, Jharkhand, India
- School of Applied and Life Sciences, Dehradun 248007, Uttarakhand, India
- Guru Nanak College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chakrata Road, Dehradun 248007, Uttarakhand, India
| | | | | | - Yasir Waheed
- Office of Research, Innovation, and Commercialization (ORIC), Shaheed Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto Medical University, Islamabad 44000, Pakistan
- Gilbert and Rose-Marie Chagoury School of Medicine, Lebanese American University, Beirut P.O. Box 36, Lebanon
| | - Prakasini Satapathy
- Department of Virology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh 160012, India
| | - Joshuan J Barboza
- Escuela de Medicina, Universidad César Vallejo, Trujillo 13007, Peru
| | - Alfonso J Rodriguez-Morales
- Gilbert and Rose-Marie Chagoury School of Medicine, Lebanese American University, Beirut P.O. Box 36, Lebanon
- Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics Program, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Científica del Sur, Lima 4861, Peru
- Grupo de Investigación Biomedicina, Faculty of Medicine, Fundación Universitaria Autónoma de las Américas-Institución Universitaria Visión de las Américas, Pereira 660003, Risaralda, Colombia
| | - Ranjit Sah
- Department of Microbiology, Institute of Medicine, Tribhuvan University Teaching Hospital, Kathmandu 44600, Nepal
- Department of Microbiology, Dr. D.Y. Patil Medical College, Hospital and Research Centre, Dr. D.Y. Patil Vidyapeeth, Pune 411018, India
- Department of Public Health Dentistry, Dr. D.Y. Patil Dental College and Hospital, Dr. D.Y. Patil Vidyapeeth, Pune 411018, Maharashtra, India
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14
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Fan J, Li Q, Liang J, Chen Z, Chen L, Lai J, Chen Q. Regulation of IFNβ expression: focusing on the role of its promoter and transcription regulators. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1158777. [PMID: 37396372 PMCID: PMC10309559 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1158777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 07/04/2023] Open
Abstract
IFNβ is a single-copy gene without an intron. Under normal circumstances, it shows low or no expression in cells. It is upregulated only when the body needs it or is stimulated. Stimuli bind to the pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) and pass via various signaling pathways to several basic transcriptional regulators, such as IRFs, NF-кB, and AP-1. Subsequently, the transcriptional regulators enter the nucleus and bind to regulatory elements of the IFNβ promoter. After various modifications, the position of the nucleosome is altered and the complex is assembled to activate the IFNβ expression. However, IFNβ regulation involves a complex network. For the study of immunity and diseases, it is important to understand how transcription factors bind to regulatory elements through specific forms, which elements in cells are involved in regulation, what regulation occurs during the assembly of enhancers and transcription complexes, and the possible regulatory mechanisms after transcription. Thus, this review focuses on the various regulatory mechanisms and elements involved in the activation of IFNβ expression. In addition, we discuss the impact of this regulation in biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiqiang Fan
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Innate Immune Biology, Biomedical Research Center of South China, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Qiumei Li
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Innate Immune Biology, Biomedical Research Center of South China, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Jiadi Liang
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Innate Immune Biology, Biomedical Research Center of South China, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Zhirong Chen
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Innate Immune Biology, Biomedical Research Center of South China, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Linqin Chen
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Innate Immune Biology, Biomedical Research Center of South China, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Junzhong Lai
- The Cancer Center, Union Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Qi Chen
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Innate Immune Biology, Biomedical Research Center of South China, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, China
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Wheat WH, Chow L, Betlach AM, Pieters M, Kurihara J, Dow C, Johnson V, Garry FB, Dow S. Evaluation of Immune Nanoparticles for Rapid and Non-Specific Activation of Antiviral and Antibacterial Immune Responses in Cattle, Swine, and Poultry. Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:1686. [PMID: 37238119 PMCID: PMC10215472 DOI: 10.3390/ani13101686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2023] [Revised: 04/06/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Given the rapid potential spread of agricultural pathogens, and the lack of vaccines for many, there is an important unmet need for strategies to induce rapid and non-specific immunity against these viral and bacterial threats. One approach to the problem is to generate non-specific immune responses at mucosal surfaces to rapidly protect from entry and replication of both viral and bacterial pathogens. Using complexes of charged nanoparticle liposomes with both antiviral and antibacterial toll-like receptor (TLR) nucleic acid ligands (termed liposome-TLR complexes or LTC), we have previously demonstrated considerable induction of innate immune responses in nasal and oropharyngeal tissues and protection from viral and bacterial pathogens in mixed challenge studies in rodents, cattle, and companion animals. Therefore, in the present study, we used in vitro assays to evaluate the ability of the LTC immune stimulant to activate key innate immune pathways, particularly interferon pathways, in cattle, swine, and poultry. We found that LTC complexes induced strong production of type I interferons (IFNα and IFNβ) in both macrophages and leukocyte cultures from all three species. In addition, the LTC complexes induced the production of additional key protective cytokines (IL-6, IFNγ, and TNFα) in macrophages and leukocytes in cattle and poultry. These findings indicate that the LTC mucosal immunotherapeutic has the capability to activate key innate immune defenses in three major agricultural species and potentially induce broad protective immunity against both viral and bacterial pathogens. Additional animal challenge studies are warranted to evaluate the protective potential of LTC immunotherapy in cattle, swine, and poultry.
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Affiliation(s)
- William H. Wheat
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA
| | - Lyndah Chow
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA
| | | | - Maria Pieters
- Department of Veterinary Population Medicine, Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory and Swine Disease Eradication Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN 55455, USA
| | - Jade Kurihara
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA
| | - Cooper Dow
- Idaho State University, Pocatello, ID 83209, USA;
| | - Valerie Johnson
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA;
| | - Franklyn B. Garry
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA
| | - Steven Dow
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA
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Xu S, Lyu QR, Ilyas I, Tian XY, Weng J. Vascular homeostasis in atherosclerosis: A holistic overview. Front Immunol 2022; 13:976722. [PMID: 36172381 PMCID: PMC9512393 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.976722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2022] [Accepted: 08/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerosis refers to the deposition of lipids and the co-existence of inflammation and impaired inflammation resolution in pan-vasculature, which causes lumen narrowing, hardening, plaque formation, and the manifestation of acute cardiovascular events. Emerging evidence has suggested that vascular circulation can be viewed as a complex homeostatic system analogous to a mini-ecosystem which consists of the vascular microenvironment (niche) and the crosstalk among phenotypically and functionally diverse vascular cell types. Here, we elucidate how cell components in the vascular wall affect vascular homeostasis, structure, function, and atherosclerosis in a holistic perspective. Finally, we discuss the potential role of vascular-stabilizing strategies including pharmacotherapies, natural substances and lifestyle modifications, in preventing cardiovascular diseases by preserving vascular integrity and homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suowen Xu
- Department of Endocrinology, Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, Clinical Research Hospital of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Hefei), University of Science and Technology of China (USTC), Hefei, China
- *Correspondence: Suowen Xu, ; Jianping Weng,
| | - Qing Rex Lyu
- Medical Research Institute, Chongqing General Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Iqra Ilyas
- Department of Endocrinology, Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, Clinical Research Hospital of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Hefei), University of Science and Technology of China (USTC), Hefei, China
| | - Xiao-Yu Tian
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Chinese University of Hong Kong, NT, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Jianping Weng
- Department of Endocrinology, Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, Clinical Research Hospital of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Hefei), University of Science and Technology of China (USTC), Hefei, China
- *Correspondence: Suowen Xu, ; Jianping Weng,
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