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Akhtar F, Misba L, Khan AU. The dual role of photodynamic therapy to treat cancer and microbial infection. Drug Discov Today 2024; 29:104099. [PMID: 39002771 DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2024.104099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2024] [Revised: 06/19/2024] [Accepted: 07/09/2024] [Indexed: 07/15/2024]
Abstract
Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a minimally invasive treatment showing promise against cancer and microbial infections. PDT targets tumor cells while sparing healthy tissue, reducing side effects. It induces immunogenic cell death, potentially stimulating antitumor immune responses and reducing cancer recurrence. In microbial treatment, PDT effectively combats bacteria, fungi and viruses. Combining PDT with chemotherapy, radiotherapy and immunotherapy enhances its efficacy. However, challenges such as tumor hypoxia, limited tissue penetration and phototoxicity necessitate ongoing research efforts to optimize PDT protocols and overcome limitations. Overall, PDT is versatile and continually advancing with refined protocols to improve its clinical utility against cancer and microbial infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farheen Akhtar
- Antimicrobial Resistance Laboratory, Interdisciplinary Biotechnology Unit, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, India
| | - Lama Misba
- Antimicrobial Resistance Laboratory, Interdisciplinary Biotechnology Unit, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, India
| | - Asad U Khan
- Antimicrobial Resistance Laboratory, Interdisciplinary Biotechnology Unit, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, India.
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Bartolomeu M, Gomes TJ, Campos F, Vieira C, Loureiro S, Neves MGPMS, Faustino MAF, Gomes ATPC, Almeida A. Wastewater disinfection with photodynamic treatment and evaluation of its ecotoxicological effects. CHEMOSPHERE 2024; 361:142421. [PMID: 38797202 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.142421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2024] [Revised: 05/06/2024] [Accepted: 05/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
Research has demonstrated the presence of viruses in wastewater (WW), which can remain viable for a long period, posing potential health risks. Conventional WW treatment methods involving UV light, chlorine and ozone efficiently reduce microbial concentrations, however, they produce hazardous byproducts and microbial resistance that are detrimental to human health and the ecosystem. Hence, there is a need for novel disinfection techniques. Antimicrobial Photodynamic Inactivation (PDI) emerges as a promising strategy, utilizing photosensitizers (PS), light, and dioxygen to inactivate viruses. This study aims to assess the efficacy of PDI by testing methylene blue (MB) and the cationic porphyrin TMPyP as PSs, along a low energy consuming white light source (LED) at an irradiance of 50 mW/cm2, for the inactivation of bacteriophage Phi6. Phi6 serves as an enveloped RNA-viruses surrogate model in WW. PDI experiments were conducted in a buffer solution (PBS) and real WW matrices (filtered and non-filtered). Considering the environmental release of the treated effluents, this research also evaluated the ecotoxicity of the resulting solution (post-PDI treatment effluent) on the model organism Daphnia magna, following the Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) immobilization technical 202 guideline. Daphnids were exposed to WW containing the tested PS at different concentrations and dilutions (accounting for the dilution factor during WW release into receiving waters) over 48 h. The results indicate that PDI with MB efficiently inactivated the model virus in the different aqueous matrices, achieving reductions superior to 8 log10 PFU/mL, after treatments of 5 min in PBS and of ca. 90 min in WW. Daphnids survival increased when subjected to the PDI-treated WW with MB, considering the dilution factor. Overall, the effectiveness of PDI in eliminating viruses in WW, the fading of the toxic effects on daphnids after MB' irradiation and the rapid dilution effect upon WW release in the environment highlight the possibility of using MB in WW PDI-disinfection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Bartolomeu
- Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies (CESAM) and Department of Biology, University of Aveiro, 3810-19, Aveiro, Portugal; Universidade Católica Portuguesa, Faculty of Dental Medicine (FMD), Center for Interdisciplinary Research in Health (CIIS), 3504-505, Viseu, Portugal.
| | - Thierry J Gomes
- Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies (CESAM) and Department of Biology, University of Aveiro, 3810-19, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Fábio Campos
- Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies (CESAM) and Department of Biology, University of Aveiro, 3810-19, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Cátia Vieira
- Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies (CESAM) and Department of Biology, University of Aveiro, 3810-19, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Susana Loureiro
- Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies (CESAM) and Department of Biology, University of Aveiro, 3810-19, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - M Graça P M S Neves
- LAQV-REQUIMTE and Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - M Amparo F Faustino
- LAQV-REQUIMTE and Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Ana T P C Gomes
- Universidade Católica Portuguesa, Faculty of Dental Medicine (FMD), Center for Interdisciplinary Research in Health (CIIS), 3504-505, Viseu, Portugal
| | - Adelaide Almeida
- Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies (CESAM) and Department of Biology, University of Aveiro, 3810-19, Aveiro, Portugal.
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Fonseca VCPD, Abreu LG, Andrade EJ, Asquino N, Esteves Lima RP. Effectiveness of antimicrobial photodynamic therapy in the treatment of peri-implantitis: systematic review and meta-analysis. Lasers Med Sci 2024; 39:186. [PMID: 39028330 DOI: 10.1007/s10103-024-04135-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2023] [Accepted: 07/08/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the current scientific evidence on the effectiveness of antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) as an adjunctive treatment to mechanical debridement in the treatment of peri-implantitis. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses was followed. A protocol was registered in the International Prospective Registry of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO #CRD42022361684). The search was carried out in seven databases, with no restrictions regarding language or year of publication. Our work included studies that compared clinical periodontal parameters between individuals treated with mechanical debridement associated with aPDT and a control group of patients who had undergone mechanical debridement alone. Study selection, data extraction, and risk of bias assessment (RoB 2.0) were performed by two review authors. Meta-analysis was performed. The mean difference (MD) and a 95% confidence interval (CI) were provided. Four hundred and seven-four studies were identified, of which five studies were included. The meta-analysis demonstrated that aPDT adjunctive to mechanical debridement in subjects with peri-implantitis resulted in greater reduction in probing depth 3 months after treatment than among subjects receiving treatment with mechanical debridement. Most of the included studies exhibit a low risk of bias. Adjunctive aPDT to mechanical debridement contributes to the improvement of peri-implant clinical parameters in individuals with peri-implantitis, in particular probing depth.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Lucas Guimarães Abreu
- Department of Child and Adolescent Oral Health, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Antônio Carlos Avenue 6627 Pampulha, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, 31270-901, Brazil
| | - Ernesto Javier Andrade
- School of Dentistry, University of the Republic, General las Heras 1925, Montevideo, 11600, Uruguay
| | - Natalia Asquino
- School of Dentistry, University of the Republic, General las Heras 1925, Montevideo, 11600, Uruguay
| | - Rafael Paschoal Esteves Lima
- Department of Dental Clinics, Oral Pathology and Oral Surgery, Periodontology Division, School of Dentistry, Federal University de Minas Gerais, Antônio Carlos Avenue 6627, Pampulha, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, 31270-901, Brazil.
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Rubilar-Huenchuman M, Ortega-Villanueva C, González IA, Palavecino CE. The Effect of Photodynamic Therapy on Enterococcus spp. and Its Application in Dentistry: A Scoping Review. Pharmaceutics 2024; 16:825. [PMID: 38931945 PMCID: PMC11207625 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics16060825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2024] [Revised: 06/10/2024] [Accepted: 06/11/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Enterococci spp. are Gram-positive bacteria that cause mild to severe infections, many associated with the oral cavity, such as periapical infections and healthcare-associated infections (HAIs). Many of these infections become serious diseases that are difficult to resolve, specifically when multidrug-resistant (MDR) strains cause them. In recent years, the number of MDR strains of Enterococcus spp. has increased significantly. This increased prevalence of MDR strains produces significant pressure to generate more antimicrobial therapies, but there is a decline in the production of new antibiotics, driving the development of complementary therapies, such as photodynamic therapy (PDT). PDT combines a photosensitizer agent (PS), light, and oxygen to cause photooxidative stress in bacterial cells. PDT can eradicate Enterococcus spp. contaminations, improve the classic cleaning processes, and eradicate the bacteria in dental pieces. PDT's effectiveness can be improved with nanoparticles that function as carriers. Our work aims to describe the advances in PDT against Enterococcus spp. as a complement to antibiotic therapy, focusing on infections by Enterococcus faecium and Enterococcus faecalis, dental hygiene, and using nanoparticles to improve the antimicrobial effect. A systematic bibliographic search without a meta-analysis was conducted on various databases, using inclusion and exclusion criteria to identify the most relevant research. Of the 193 non-redundant articles found, 65 were selected for a systematic review, from which a summary table was created and a manual description was made. Photodynamic therapy for treating E. faecium and E. faecalis is a widely studied area, with promising results concerning bactericidal effectiveness and reductions in biofilm formation, particularly in regard to dental hygiene. Because most of the studies were conducted in vitro or ex vivo, the results indicated that there were not sufficient data to initiate clinical trials for safety and efficacy studies on humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariaignacia Rubilar-Huenchuman
- Laboratorio de Microbiología Celular, Facultad de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Central de Chile, Lord Cochrane 418, Santiago 8330546, Chile; (M.R.-H.); (C.O.-V.)
| | - Camilo Ortega-Villanueva
- Laboratorio de Microbiología Celular, Facultad de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Central de Chile, Lord Cochrane 418, Santiago 8330546, Chile; (M.R.-H.); (C.O.-V.)
| | - Iván A. González
- Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales, Matemática y del Medio Ambiente, Universidad Tecnológica Metropolitana, Las Palmeras 3360, Ñuñoa, Santiago 7800003, Chile;
| | - Christian Erick Palavecino
- Laboratorio de Microbiología Celular, Facultad de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Central de Chile, Lord Cochrane 418, Santiago 8330546, Chile; (M.R.-H.); (C.O.-V.)
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Ipinza-Concha BM, Dibona-Villanueva L, Fuentealba D, Pinilla-Quispe A, Schwantes D, Garzón-Nivia MA, Herrera-Défaz MA, Valdés-Gómez HA. Effect of Chitosan-Riboflavin Bioconjugate on Green Mold Caused by Penicillium digitatum in Lemon Fruit. Polymers (Basel) 2024; 16:884. [PMID: 38611142 PMCID: PMC11013941 DOI: 10.3390/polym16070884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2024] [Revised: 03/11/2024] [Accepted: 03/14/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Penicillium digitatum is the causal agent of green mold, a primary postharvest disease of citrus fruits. This study evaluated the efficacy of a novel photoactive chitosan-riboflavin bioconjugate (CH-RF) to control green mold in vitro and in lemon fruit. The results showed total inhibition of P. digitatum growth on APDA supplemented with CH-RF at 0.5% (w/v) and a significant reduction of 84.8% at 0.25% (w/v). Lemons treated with CH-RF and kept under controlled conditions (20 °C and 90-95% relative humidity) exhibited a noteworthy reduction in green mold incidence four days post-inoculation. Notably, these effects persisted, with all treatments remaining significantly distinct from the control group until day 14. Furthermore, CH-RF showed high control of green mold in lemons after 20 days of cold storage (5 ± 1 °C). The disease incidence five days after cold storage indicated significant differences from the values observed in the control. Most CH-RF treatments showed enhanced control of green mold when riboflavin was activated by white-light exposure. These findings suggest that this novel fungicide could be a viable alternative to conventional synthetic fungicides, allowing more sustainable management of lemon fruit diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brenda M. Ipinza-Concha
- Facultad de Agronomía y Sistemas Naturales, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 7820436, Chile; (B.M.I.-C.)
| | - Luciano Dibona-Villanueva
- Facultad de Química y de Farmacia, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 7820436, Chile
| | - Denis Fuentealba
- Facultad de Química y de Farmacia, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 7820436, Chile
| | - Alexander Pinilla-Quispe
- Facultad de Química y de Farmacia, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 7820436, Chile
| | - Daniel Schwantes
- Facultad de Agronomía y Sistemas Naturales, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 7820436, Chile; (B.M.I.-C.)
- Facultad de Química y de Farmacia, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 7820436, Chile
- Facultad de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 7820436, Chile
| | - María A. Garzón-Nivia
- Facultad de Agronomía y Sistemas Naturales, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 7820436, Chile; (B.M.I.-C.)
| | - Mario A. Herrera-Défaz
- Facultad de Agronomía y Sistemas Naturales, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 7820436, Chile; (B.M.I.-C.)
| | - Héctor A. Valdés-Gómez
- Facultad de Agronomía y Sistemas Naturales, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 7820436, Chile; (B.M.I.-C.)
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Chaiwong S, Sretrirutchai S, Sung JH, Kaewsuwan S. Antioxidative and Anti-photooxidative Potential of Interruptins from the Edible Fern Cyclosorus terminans in Human Skin Cells. Curr Pharm Biotechnol 2024; 25:468-476. [PMID: 37317921 DOI: 10.2174/1389201024666230614162152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2022] [Revised: 05/12/2023] [Accepted: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Background: Human skin is exposed daily to oxidative stress factors such as UV light, chemical pollutants, and invading organisms. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are intermediate molecules that cause cellular oxidative stress. In order to survive in an oxygen-rich environment, all aerobic organisms, including mammals, have evolved enzymatic and non-enzymatic defence systems. The interruptins from an edible fern Cyclosorus terminans possess antioxidative properties and can scavenge intracellular ROS in adipose-derived stem cells. Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the antioxidative efficacy of interruptins A, B, and C in cultured human dermal fibroblasts (HDFs) and epidermal keratinocytes (HEKs). Moreover, the anti-photooxidative activity of interruptins in ultraviolet (UV)-exposed skin cells was investigated. Methods: The intracellular ROS scavenging capacity of interruptins in skin cells was measured by flow cytometry. Their induction effects on gene expression of the endogenous antioxidant enzymes was monitored using real-time polymerase chain reaction. Results: Interruptins A and B, but not interruptin C, were highly effective in ROS scavenging, particularly in HDFs. Interruptins A and B upregulated gene expression of superoxide dismutase (SOD)1, SOD2, catalase (CAT), and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) in HEKs, but they only induced SOD1, SOD2, and GPx gene expression in HDFs. Additionally, interruptins A and B efficiently suppressed UVA- and UVB-induced ROS generation in both HEKs and HDFs. Conclusion: The results suggest that these naturally occurring interruptins A and B are potent natural antioxidants and therefore may have the potential in the future of inclusion in antiaging cosmeceutical products. .
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Affiliation(s)
- Suriya Chaiwong
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Prince of Songkla University, Songkhla, 90112, Thailand
| | | | - Jong-Hyuk Sung
- College of Pharmacy, Yonsei University, Incheon, 21983, South Korea
| | - Sireewan Kaewsuwan
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Prince of Songkla University, Songkhla, 90112, Thailand
- Phytomedicine and Pharmaceutical Biotechnology Excellence Center, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Prince of Songkla University, Songkhla, 90112, Thailand
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Lee SG, Kim SJ, Bang WS, Yuk HG. Combined antibacterial effect of 460 nm light-emitting diode illumination and chitosan against Escherichia coli O157:H7, Salmonella spp. and Listeria monocytogenes on fresh-cut melon, and the impact of combined treatment on fruit quality. Food Sci Biotechnol 2024; 33:191-202. [PMID: 38186619 PMCID: PMC10766941 DOI: 10.1007/s10068-023-01324-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Revised: 04/08/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2024] Open
Abstract
This study evaluated the combined antibacterial effect of 460 nm LED illumination and chitosan on Escherichia coli O157:H7, Salmonella spp. and Listeria monocytogenes on fresh-cut melon surface and its impact on the quality of melon at a total dose of 2.4 kJ/cm2 at 4 and 10 °C. Results showed that the antibacterial effect of LED illumination in combination with chitosan (0.5 and 1.0%) was much better than that of LED illumination alone, showing their synergistic effect. Among the pathogens, L. monocytogenes was the most susceptible pathogen to LED illumination. Although the color of melons became paler after LED illumination, there was little to no change in ascorbic acid content, total flavonoid content, or antioxidant capacity of the illuminated fruits compared with non-illuminated fruits. Thus, these results suggest that chitosan-mediated 460 nm LED illumination could be applied to inactivate foodborne pathogens on fresh-cut melons during storage at food establishments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seok-Gyu Lee
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Korea National University of Transportation, 61 Daehak-ro, Jeungpyeong-gun, Chungbuk 27909 Korea
| | - Su-Jin Kim
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Yeungnam University, 280 Daehak-ro, Gyeongsan-si, Gyeongsangbuk-do 38541 Korea
| | - Woo-Suk Bang
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Yeungnam University, 280 Daehak-ro, Gyeongsan-si, Gyeongsangbuk-do 38541 Korea
| | - Hyun-Gyun Yuk
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Korea National University of Transportation, 61 Daehak-ro, Jeungpyeong-gun, Chungbuk 27909 Korea
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Yanten N, Vilches S, Palavecino CE. Photodynamic therapy for the treatment of Pseudomonas aeruginosa infections: A scoping review. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2023; 44:103803. [PMID: 37709240 DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2023.103803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Revised: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a Gram-negative bacillus that causes superficial and deep infections, which can be minor to life-threatening. Recently, P. aeruginosa has gained significant relevance due to the increased incidence of multidrug-resistant (MDR) strains that complicate antibiotic treatment. Due to MDR strains, alternative therapies, such as antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (PDT), are presented as a good option to treat nonsystemic infections. PDT combines a photosensitizer agent (PS), light, and oxygen to generate free radicals that destroy bacterial structures such as the envelope, matrix, and genetic material. This work aimed to identify the development stage of the PDT applied to P. aeruginosa to conclude which research stage should be emphasized more. METHODS Systematic bibliographic search in various public databases was performed. Related articles were identified using keywords, and relevant ones were selected using inclusion and exclusion criteria according to the PRISMA protocol. RESULTS We found 29 articles that meet the criteria, constituting a good body of evidence associated with using PDT against P. aeruginosa in vitro and less developed for in vivo research. CONCLUSIONS We conclude that PDT could become an effective adjunct to antimicrobial therapy against P. aeruginosa. This effectiveness depends on the PS used and the location of the infection. Many PS already demonstrated efficacy in PDT, but the evidence is supported significantly by in vitro and very few in vivo studies. Therefore, we conclude that further research efforts should focus on demonstrating the safety and efficacy of these PSs in vivo in animal infection models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas Yanten
- Laboratorio de Microbiología Celular, Instituto de Investigación y Postgrado, Facultad de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Central de Chile, Lord Cochrane 418, 8330546, Santiago, Chile
| | - Selene Vilches
- Laboratorio de Microbiología Celular, Instituto de Investigación y Postgrado, Facultad de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Central de Chile, Lord Cochrane 418, 8330546, Santiago, Chile
| | - Christian Erick Palavecino
- Laboratorio de Microbiología Celular, Instituto de Investigación y Postgrado, Facultad de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Central de Chile, Lord Cochrane 418, 8330546, Santiago, Chile.
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Gupta AK, Polla Ravi S, Haas-Neill S, Wang T, Cooper EA. Utility of devices for onychomycosis: a review. J DERMATOL TREAT 2023; 34:2265658. [PMID: 37807661 DOI: 10.1080/09546634.2023.2265658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023]
Abstract
Onychomycosis is difficult to treat due to long treatment durations, poor efficacy rates of treatments, high relapse rates, and safety issues when using systemic antifungal agents. Device-based treatments are targeted to specific regions of the nail, have favorable safely profiles, and do not interfere with systemic agents. They may be an effective alternative therapy for onychomycosis especially with increasing reports of squalene epoxidase gene mutations and potential resistance to terbinafine therapy. In this review, we discuss four devices used as antifungal treatments and three devices used as penetration enhancers for topical agents. Lasers, photodynamic therapy, microwaves, and non-thermal plasma have the capacity to inactivate fungal pathogens demonstrated through in vivo studies. Efficacy rates for these devices, however, remain relatively low pointing toward the need to further optimize device or usage parameters. Ultrasound, nail drilling, and iontophoresis aid in improving the permeability of topical agents through the nail and have been investigated as adjunctive therapies. Due to the paucity in clinical data, their efficacy in treating onychomycosis has not yet been established. While the results of clinical studies point toward the potential utility of devices for onychomycosis, further large-scale randomized clinical trials following regulatory guidelines are required to confirm current results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aditya K Gupta
- Department of Medicine, Division of Dermatology, University of Toronto School of Medicine, Toronto, Canada
- Mediprobe Research Inc., London, Canada
| | | | | | - Tong Wang
- Mediprobe Research Inc., London, Canada
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Rodrigues RD, Araujo NS, Filho JMP, Vieira CLZ, Ribeiro DA, Dos Santos JN, Cury PR. Photodynamic therapy as adjunctive treatment of single-rooted teeth in patients with grade C periodontitis: A randomized controlled clinical trial. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2023; 44:103776. [PMID: 37657680 DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2023.103776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Revised: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 09/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The present study aimed to evaluate the adjunctive effect of an antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) protocol on single-rooted teeth of patients with grade C periodontitis. METHODS Sixty-four single-rooted teeth (14 patients) were included in each group of this double-blinded split-mouth randomized clinical trial. The teeth were randomly divided into scaling and root planing + aPDT (test group) and scaling and root planing+sham aPDT (control group). The aPDT protocol consisted of incubation with 1% methylene blue for 5 min, rinsing, and application of a diode laser (wavelength of 660 nm, power of 100 mW) for 10 s. aPDT was repeated after 7 days. Bleeding on probing (BoP), probing depth (PD), gingival recession (GR), and clinical attachment loss (CAL) were recorded before and 3 months after treatment. A 5% significance level was adopted for statistical analysis. RESULTS Final PD was significantly (P = 0.02) lower in the test group (2.87 ± 1.40 mm) compared to control (3.12 ± 1.69 mm). The test group showed a significantly higher percentage of sites with PD≤4 mm and concomitant BoP compared to control (91%x86%;P < 0.001). At sites with baseline PD>4 mm, final PD and CAL were significantly (P = 0.01) lower in the test group (4.11 ± 1.66 and 4.89 ± 2.49 mm, respectively) compared to control (4.88 ± 1.99 and 5.89 ± 2.74 mm, respectively). CONCLUSIONS aPDT combined with scaling and root planning provided slightly better periodontal clinical results than the latter procedure alone, exerting a superior effect at sites with greater baseline PD. aPDT might be used as adjunctive treatment in grade C periodontitis affecting single-rooted teeth since it improves the response to conventional periodontal treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafael Drummond Rodrigues
- Postgraduate Program in Dentistry and Health, School of Dentistry, Faculdade de Odontologia, Avenida Araújo Pinho, Federal University of Bahia, Av. Araujo Pinho, 62, CEP: 4110-150 62, Canela 40110-150, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Nara Santos Araujo
- Postgraduate Program in Biotechnology, Northeast Biotechnology Network (RENORBIO), Federal University of Bahia, Av. Araujo Pinho, 62, CEP 4110-160, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Jorge Moreira Pinto Filho
- Postgraduate Program in Dentistry and Health, School of Dentistry, Faculdade de Odontologia, Avenida Araújo Pinho, Federal University of Bahia, Av. Araujo Pinho, 62, CEP: 4110-150 62, Canela 40110-150, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Carolina Letícia Zilli Vieira
- Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Harvard T.H. Chan, 401 Park Dr Landmark Center West 420 Room, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Daniel Araki Ribeiro
- Department of Biosciences, Federal University of São Paulo, Av. Ana Costa, 95 - Vila Mathias, CEP: 11060-001, Santos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Jean Nunes Dos Santos
- Postgraduate Program in Dentistry and Health, School of Dentistry, Faculdade de Odontologia, Avenida Araújo Pinho, Federal University of Bahia, Av. Araujo Pinho, 62, CEP: 4110-150 62, Canela 40110-150, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Patricia Ramos Cury
- Postgraduate Program in Dentistry and Health, School of Dentistry, Faculdade de Odontologia, Avenida Araújo Pinho, Federal University of Bahia, Av. Araujo Pinho, 62, CEP: 4110-150 62, Canela 40110-150, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil.
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Trevizani Rocchetti T, Alves Mendonça W, Caiado de Castro Neto J, Orlandi de Oliveira L, Orlandi de Oliveira A, de Freitas D, Höfling-Lima AL. In Vitro Evaluation of Rose Bengal Photoactivated by Custom-Built Green Light-Emitting Diode Source for Bacteria and Rapidly Growing Mycobacteria Inhibition. Transl Vis Sci Technol 2023; 12:9. [PMID: 37703035 PMCID: PMC10503590 DOI: 10.1167/tvst.12.9.9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 06/25/2023] [Indexed: 09/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose In vitro evaluation of rose bengal (RB) photoactivated by our custom-built green light-emitting diode (LED) source for the growth inhibition of bacterial strains and rapidly growing mycobacterial (RGM) isolates in infectious keratitis. Methods Six corneal clinical bacteria isolates were included in this study: two Gram-positive bacteria (methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus [MRSA] and Staphylococcus epidermidis), two Gram-negative bacteria (Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Serratia marcescens), and two RGM (Mycobacterium chelonae and Mycobacterium abscessus). Microorganisms were cultured and incubated at specific conditions and prepared in suspensions to adjust their concentration to 104 cells/mL. Different treatments were conducted in triplicates: Group I, no treatment; Group II, treated with 0.1% rose bengal alone (exposed to dark for 30 minutes); Group III, exposed to custom green LED for 30 minutes (12.87 J/cm2); and Group IV, treated with 0.1% rose bengal and exposed to custom green LED for 30 minutes. Agar plates were incubated at specific conditions and photographed after growth for pixel analyses. Results Complete growth inhibition of all bacteria and RGM was observed in Group IV. MRSA and S. epidermidis in Group II also showed complete growth inhibition. Conclusions The custom-built green LED presented good activity by photoactivating RB and inhibiting micro-organism growth. For the first time, we demonstrated the expressive growth inhibition effect of RB against S. epidermidis, RGM, and S. marcescens. Clinical treatment with RB may offer an alternate adjunct therapy for corneal surface infections. Translational Relevance Validating in vitro the custom-built green LED encourages the clinical application for the treatment of infectious keratitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Talita Trevizani Rocchetti
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Escola Paulista de Medicina–Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Wirley Alves Mendonça
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Escola Paulista de Medicina–Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Denise de Freitas
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Escola Paulista de Medicina–Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ana Luisa Höfling-Lima
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Escola Paulista de Medicina–Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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12
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Gomes VSD, Ferreira JCC, Boto RE, Almeida P, Fernandes JR, Sousa MJ, Reis LV, Gonçalves MST. Evaluation of Antifungal Activity and Potential Application as Fluorescent Probes of Indolenine and Benzo[e]Indole-Based Squarylium Dyes. Photochem Photobiol 2023; 99:1282-1292. [PMID: 36524439 DOI: 10.1111/php.13762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2022] [Accepted: 12/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The antifungal performance and the possible use as fluorescent probes of a series of squarylium dyes derived from indolenine and benzo[e]indole previously synthesized was evaluated. Some photophysical properties were performed in ethanol and phosphate buffer, and the type of aggregates form in phosphate buffer was analyzed. Using the 1,3-diphenylisobenzofuran assay, a qualitative assessment of the capacity of dyes to produce singlet oxygen after irradiation was performed. Regarding the antifungal activity, this was studied through a broth microdilution assay using Saccharomyces cerevisiae PYCC 4072 as a biological model. The effect of irradiation of the dyes, with an appropriate light emitting diode system, on the antifungal activity was also evaluated, and it was verified that some of the dyes improve their activity after irradiation. Using fluorescence microscopy techniques, the colocalization of dyes in S. cerevisae cells was investigated and it was possible to verify that some of the squarylium dyes with a barbituric moiety in the four-membered central ring stained and accumulated preferentially in the mitochondrial web and perinuclear membrane of the cells. The possible use as a fluorescent probe for the detection of HSA was also evaluated for one of the dyes of the series, demonstrating a linear variation in the fluorescence intensity accompanied by the increase in the protein concentration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanessa S D Gomes
- Department of Chemistry, Centre of Chemistry - Vila Real (CQ-VR), University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, Vila Real, Portugal
- Department of Chemistry, Centre of Chemistry (CQ-UM), University of Minho, Braga, Portugal
| | - João C C Ferreira
- Department of Chemistry, Centre of Chemistry (CQ-UM), University of Minho, Braga, Portugal
- Department of Biology, Centre of Molecular and Environmental Biology (CBMA), University of Minho, Braga, Portugal
- Institute of Science and Innovation for Bio-Sustainability (IBS), University of Minho, Braga, Portugal
| | - Renato E Boto
- Department of Chemistry, Health Sciences Research Centre (CICS-UBI), University of Beira Interior, Covilhã, Portugal
| | - Paulo Almeida
- Department of Chemistry, Health Sciences Research Centre (CICS-UBI), University of Beira Interior, Covilhã, Portugal
| | - José R Fernandes
- Physical Department, Centre of Chemistry - Vila Real (CQ-VR), University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Maria João Sousa
- Department of Biology, Centre of Molecular and Environmental Biology (CBMA), University of Minho, Braga, Portugal
- Institute of Science and Innovation for Bio-Sustainability (IBS), University of Minho, Braga, Portugal
| | - Lucinda V Reis
- Department of Chemistry, Centre of Chemistry - Vila Real (CQ-VR), University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, Vila Real, Portugal
| | - M Sameiro T Gonçalves
- Department of Chemistry, Centre of Chemistry (CQ-UM), University of Minho, Braga, Portugal
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13
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Sinclair LG, Dougall LR, Ilieva Z, McKenzie K, Anderson JG, MacGregor SJ, Maclean M. Laboratory evaluation of the broad-spectrum antibacterial efficacy of a low-irradiance visible 405-nm light system for surface-simulated decontamination. HEALTH AND TECHNOLOGY 2023; 13:1-15. [PMID: 37363345 PMCID: PMC10264887 DOI: 10.1007/s12553-023-00761-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2023] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
Purpose Lighting systems which use visible light blended with antimicrobial 405-nm violet-blue light have recently been developed for safe continuous decontamination of occupied healthcare environments. This paper characterises the optical output and antibacterial efficacy of a low irradiance 405-nm light system designed for environmental decontamination applications, under controlled laboratory conditions. Methods In the current study, the irradiance output of a ceiling-mounted 405-nm light source was profiled within a 3×3×2 m (18 m3) test area; with values ranging from 0.001-2.016 mWcm-2. To evaluate antibacterial efficacy of the light source for environmental surface decontamination, irradiance levels within this range (0.021-1 mWcm-2) at various angular (Δ ϴ=0-51.3) and linear (∆s=1.6-2.56 m) displacements from the source were used to generate inactivation kinetics, using the model organism, Staphylococcus aureus. Additionally, twelve bacterial species were surface-seeded and light-exposed at a fixed displacement below the source (1.5 m; 0.5 mWcm-2) to demonstrate broad-spectrum efficacy at heights typical of high touch surfaces within occupied settings. Results Results demonstrate that significant (P≤0.05) inactivation was successfully achieved at all irradiance values investigated, with spatial positioning from the source affecting inactivation, with greater times required for inactivation as irradiance decreased. Complete/near-complete (≥93.28%) inactivation of all bacteria was achieved following exposure to 0.5 mWcm-2 within exposure times realistic of those utilised practically for whole-room decontamination (2-16 h). Conclusion This study provides fundamental evidence of the efficacy, and energy efficiency, of low irradiance 405-nm light for bacterial inactivation within a controlled laboratory setting, further justifying its benefits for practical infection control applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucy G Sinclair
- The Robertson Trust Laboratory for Electronic Sterilisation Technologies, Department of Electronic & Electrical Engineering, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, UK
| | - Laura R Dougall
- The Robertson Trust Laboratory for Electronic Sterilisation Technologies, Department of Electronic & Electrical Engineering, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, UK
| | - Zornitsa Ilieva
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, UK
| | - Karen McKenzie
- The Robertson Trust Laboratory for Electronic Sterilisation Technologies, Department of Electronic & Electrical Engineering, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, UK
| | - John G Anderson
- The Robertson Trust Laboratory for Electronic Sterilisation Technologies, Department of Electronic & Electrical Engineering, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, UK
| | - Scott J MacGregor
- The Robertson Trust Laboratory for Electronic Sterilisation Technologies, Department of Electronic & Electrical Engineering, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, UK
| | - Michelle Maclean
- The Robertson Trust Laboratory for Electronic Sterilisation Technologies, Department of Electronic & Electrical Engineering, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, UK
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, UK
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14
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Rodrigues ABF, Passos JCDS, Costa MS. Effect of Antimicrobial Photodynamic Therapy, using Toluidine blue on dual-species biofilms of Candida albicans and Candida krusei. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2023; 42:103600. [PMID: 37150491 DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2023.103600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Revised: 04/14/2023] [Accepted: 05/05/2023] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although Candida albicans is the most frequent etiological agent of candidiasis, it has been reported a sizable number of infections related to the non-albicans Candida (NAC) species, Candida krusei. In addition, dual biofilms (biofilms composed by two species) may easily occur in vivo, becoming even more challenging the treatment of an infection. The fungicide effect of Photodynamic Therapy (PDT), using toluidine blue O (TBO) on both C. albicans and C. krusei development has been demonstrated. Thus, the objective of this study was to investigate the effects of PDT on dual-species biofilms of Candida albicans and Candida krusei. METHODS The effect of PDT was observed on the metabolic activity of mature dual-species biofilms of Candida albicans and Candida krusei by a metabolic assay based on the reduction of XTT (2,3-bis(2-methoxy-4-nitro-5-sulfophenyl)-2H-tetrazolium-5-carboxanilide sodium salt) assay and the identification of Candida albicans and Candida krusei was performed on CHROMagar Candida medium. RESULTS it was observed a reduction of ∼30% in the metabolic activity of a mature biofilm treated with PDT, using 0.05mg·mL-1 TBO and during biofilm formation a predominance of C. albicans on C. krusei was observed. The inhibition observed was related to reduction in the number of Colony Forming Units (CFU) of Candida albicans from 31.33 ± 3.7 to 17.0 ± 1.5. The number of CFU of C. krusei was not significantly modified. CONCLUSIONS These results demonstrated the efficiency of PDT in inhibiting the dual-species biofilms of Candida albicans and Candida krusei by reducing C. albicans development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Beatriz Furtado Rodrigues
- Instituto de Pesquisa & Desenvolvimento - IP&D, Universidade do Vale do Paraíba - UNIVAP. Av. Shishima Hifumi 2911, CEP: 12, 244-000, São José dos Campos, Brazil
| | - Juliene Cristina da Silva Passos
- Instituto de Pesquisa & Desenvolvimento - IP&D, Universidade do Vale do Paraíba - UNIVAP. Av. Shishima Hifumi 2911, CEP: 12, 244-000, São José dos Campos, Brazil
| | - Maricilia Silva Costa
- Instituto de Pesquisa & Desenvolvimento - IP&D, Universidade do Vale do Paraíba - UNIVAP. Av. Shishima Hifumi 2911, CEP: 12, 244-000, São José dos Campos, Brazil.
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15
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Cheng J, Chen L, Tao X, Qiang X, Li R, Ma J, Shi D, Qiu Z. Efficacy of surgical methods for peri-implantitis: a systematic review and network meta-analysis. BMC Oral Health 2023; 23:227. [PMID: 37076816 PMCID: PMC10116816 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-023-02956-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2022] [Accepted: 04/10/2023] [Indexed: 04/21/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Peri-implantitis is the most difficult biological complication associated with dental implants, often requiring surgical treatments in advanced stages. This study compares the effectiveness of different surgical methods for peri-implantitis. METHODS Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of different surgical treatments for peri-implantitis were extracted from EMBASE, Web of Science, Cochrane Library databases, and PubMed systematically. Pairwise comparisons and network meta-analyses (NMA) were conducted to analyze the effect of surgical treatments on probing depth (PD), radiographic bone fill (RBF), mucosal recession (MR), bleeding on probing (BOP), and clinical attachment level (CAL). In addition, risk of bias, quality of evidence, and statistical heterogeneity of the selected studies were evaluated. A total of 13 articles were included in this study, involving open flap debridement (OFD), resective therapy (RT), and augmentative therapy (AT) with and without adjunctive treatments (laser therapy, photodynamic therapy, local antibiotics, phosphoric acid, and ozone therapy). RESULTS AT improved RBF and CAL more than OFD, but does not outperform OFD in reducing peri-implant soft-tissue inflammation. AT, OFD and RT did not significantly alter the levels of MR. Addition of ozone therapy improved the effect of AT, but addition of photodynamic therapy did not affect PD reduction and CAL gain significantly. Similarly, adjuvant treatment with phosphoric acid during RT did not significantly change the outcome of BOP. CONCLUSIONS Within the limitation of this systematic review and NMA, AT was superior to OFD in improving peri-implantitis outcomes. While adjunct use of ozone therapy may further improve the efficacy of AT, the limited evidence supporting this combination therapy argues for cautionary interpretation of these results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Cheng
- Stomatological Hospital of Xiamen Medical College, Xiamen Medical College, Xiamen, People's Republic of China
- Xiamen Key Laboratory of Stomatological Disease Diagnosis and Treatment, Xiamen, People's Republic of China
| | - Liang Chen
- Department of Periodontology, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Xian Tao
- Stomatological Hospital of Xiamen Medical College, Xiamen Medical College, Xiamen, People's Republic of China
- Xiamen Key Laboratory of Stomatological Disease Diagnosis and Treatment, Xiamen, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiang Qiang
- Stomatological Hospital of Xiamen Medical College, Xiamen Medical College, Xiamen, People's Republic of China
- Xiamen Key Laboratory of Stomatological Disease Diagnosis and Treatment, Xiamen, People's Republic of China
| | - Ruiying Li
- Stomatological Hospital of Xiamen Medical College, Xiamen Medical College, Xiamen, People's Republic of China
- Xiamen Key Laboratory of Stomatological Disease Diagnosis and Treatment, Xiamen, People's Republic of China
| | - Jia Ma
- Stomatological Hospital of Xiamen Medical College, Xiamen Medical College, Xiamen, People's Republic of China
- Xiamen Key Laboratory of Stomatological Disease Diagnosis and Treatment, Xiamen, People's Republic of China
| | - Dong Shi
- Department of Periodontology, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
| | - Zijin Qiu
- Stomatological Hospital of Xiamen Medical College, Xiamen Medical College, Xiamen, People's Republic of China.
- Xiamen Key Laboratory of Stomatological Disease Diagnosis and Treatment, Xiamen, People's Republic of China.
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16
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Conrado PCV, Vaine AA, Arita GS, Sakita KM, Gonçalves RS, Caetano W, de Souza M, Baesso ML, Malacarne LC, Razzolini E, Vicente VA, Kioshima ES, de Mendonça PDSB. Promising onychomycosis treatment with hypericin-mediated photodynamic therapy: case reports. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2023; 42:103498. [PMID: 36882144 DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2023.103498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Revised: 02/24/2023] [Accepted: 03/02/2023] [Indexed: 03/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Onychomycosis (OM) is a common nail plate disorder caused by dermatophyte molds, yeasts, and non-dermatophyte molds, which use keratin in the nail plate as an energy source. OM is characterized by dyschromia, increased nail thickness, subungual hyperkeratosis, and onychodystrophy, and is typically treated with conventional antifungals despite frequent reports of toxicity, fungal resistance, and OM recurrence. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) with hypericin (Hyp) as a photosensitizer (PS) stands out as a promising therapeutic modality. When excited by a specific wavelength of light and in the presence of oxygen, to lead to photochemical and photobiological reactions on the selected targets. METHODS OM diagnosis was made in three suspected cases, and the causative agents were identified by classical and molecular methods, and confirmed by attenuated total reflectance-Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR). Susceptibility of planktonic cells of the clinical isolates to conventional antifungals and PDT-Hyp was evaluated, and photoacoustic spectroscopy (PAS) of Hyp permeation in nail fragments ex vivo was analyzed. Furthermore, the patients opted to undergo PDT-Hyp treatment and were subsequently followed up. The protocol was approved by the human ethics committee (CAAE, number 14107419.4.0000.0104). RESULTS The etiological agents of OM in patients ID 01 and ID 02 belonged to the Fusarium solani species complex, being identified as Fusarium keratoplasticum (CMRP 5514) and Fusarium solani (CMRP 5515), respectively. For patient ID 03, the OM agent was identified as Trichophyton rubrum (CMRP 5516). PDT-Hyp demonstrated a fungicidal effect in vitro, with reductions of ≥3 log10 (p<0.0051 and p<0.0001), and the PAS analyses indicated that Hyp could completely permeate through both healthy and OM-affected nails. After four sessions of PDT-Hyp, mycological cure was observed in all three cases, and after seventh months, clinical cure was confirmed. PDT-Hyp showed satisfactory results in terms of efficacy and safety, and thus can be considered a promising therapy for the clinical treatment of OM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pollyanna Cristina Vincenzi Conrado
- Program in Biosciences and Pathophysiology, Department of Clinical Analysis and Biomedicine, State University of Maringa (UEM), Maringa, Parana, Brazil
| | | | - Glaucia Sayuri Arita
- Program in Biosciences and Pathophysiology, Department of Clinical Analysis and Biomedicine, State University of Maringa (UEM), Maringa, Parana, Brazil
| | - Karina Mayumi Sakita
- Program in Biosciences and Pathophysiology, Department of Clinical Analysis and Biomedicine, State University of Maringa (UEM), Maringa, Parana, Brazil
| | | | - Wilker Caetano
- Department of Chemistry, State University of Maringa, Parana, Brazil
| | - Monique de Souza
- Department of Physics, State University of Maringa, Parana, Brazil
| | | | | | - Emanuel Razzolini
- Department of Pathology Basic, Federal University of Parana State, Curitiba, Parana, Brazil
| | | | - Erika Seki Kioshima
- Program in Biosciences and Pathophysiology, Department of Clinical Analysis and Biomedicine, State University of Maringa (UEM), Maringa, Parana, Brazil
| | - Patrícia de Souza Bonfim de Mendonça
- Program in Biosciences and Pathophysiology, Department of Clinical Analysis and Biomedicine, State University of Maringa (UEM), Maringa, Parana, Brazil.
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17
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In Vitro Photoinactivation of Fusarium oxysporum Conidia with Light-Activated Ammonium Phthalocyanines. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24043922. [PMID: 36835333 PMCID: PMC9966838 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24043922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2023] [Revised: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 02/11/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) has been explored as an innovative therapeutic approach because it can be used to inactivate a variety of microbial forms (vegetative forms and spores) without causing significant damage to host tissues, and without the development of resistance to the photosensitization process. This study assesses the photodynamic antifungal/sporicidal activity of tetra- and octasubstituted phthalocyanine (Pc) dyes with ammonium groups. Tetra- and octasubstituted zinc(II) phthalocyanines (1 and 2) were prepared and tested as photosensitizers (PSs) on Fusarium oxysporum conidia. Photoinactivation (PDI) tests were conducted with photosensitizer (PS) concentrations of 20, 40, and 60 µM under white-light exposure at an irradiance of 135 mW·cm-2, applied during 30 and 60 min (light doses of 243 and 486 J·cm-2). High PDI efficiency corresponding to the inactivation process until the detection limit was observed for both PSs. The tetrasubstituted PS was the most effective, requiring the lowest concentration and the shortest irradiation time for the complete inactivation of conidia (40 µM, 30 min, 243 J·cm-2). Complete inactivation was also achieved with PS 2, but a longer irradiation time and a higher concentration (60 µM, 60 min, 486 J·cm-2) were necessary. Because of the low concentrations and moderate energy doses required to inactivate resistant biological forms such as fungal conidia, these phthalocyanines can be considered potent antifungal photodynamic drugs.
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18
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Chitosan enhances antibacterial efficacy of 405 nm light-emitting diode illumination against Escherichia coli O157:H7, Listeria monocytogenes, and Salmonella spp. on fresh-cut melon. Food Res Int 2023; 164:112372. [PMID: 36737959 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2022.112372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Revised: 12/08/2022] [Accepted: 12/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate the influence of chitosan on the antibacterial efficacy of 405 nm LED illumination against Escherichia coli O157:H7, Salmonella spp., and Listeria monocytogenes on fresh-cut melons. The antibacterial efficacy of LED illumination (a total dose of 1.3 kJ/cm2) with or without chitosan (0.5 and 1.0 %) against these three pathogens was determined at 4 and 10 °C, respectively. Non-illuminated and chitosan-treated fruits were stored in the dark for 36 h under the same temperature. Color changes, ascorbic acid content, and total flavonoid content of illuminated and non-illuminated fruits were also analyzed. The results showed that the populations of all three pathogens on the non-illuminated and chitosan-treated fruits remained unchanged during storage. Regardless of bacterial species and chitosan concentrations, LED illumination in combination with chitosan greatly reduced the bacterial populations by 1.5 - 3.5 log/cm2, which was greater than LED illumination alone. Among the three pathogens, L. monocytogenes was the most susceptible to chitosan-mediated LED illumination. However, the whiteness index of illuminated fruits significantly increased by 1.3-fold compared to that of non-illuminated fruits, regardless of the presence of chitosan. Unlike color, no significant difference was observed in ascorbic acid and total flavonoid contents between illuminated and non-illuminated fruits. Although the fruit color was changed by LED illumination, these results indicate that adding chitosan could enhance the antibacterial efficacy of 405 nm LED illumination against major foodborne pathogens on fresh-cut melons without changing nutritional quality.
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19
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Tang N, Yuan S, Luo Y, Wang AJ, Sun K, Liu NN, Tao K. Nanoparticle-Based Photodynamic Inhibition of Candida albicans Biofilms with Interfering Quorum Sensing. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:4357-4368. [PMID: 36743058 PMCID: PMC9893753 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c07740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2022] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Biofilm formation is a critical event in the pathogenesis and virulence of fungal infections caused by Candida albicans, giving rise to about a 1000-fold increase in the resistance to antifungal agents. Although photodynamic treatment (PDT) has been excellently implicated in bacterial infections, studies on its potential against fungal infection through the clearance of fungal biofilm formation remain at its infancy stage. Here, we have designed photodynamic nanoparticles with different sizes, modifications, and the ability of generating reactive oxygen species (ROS) to examine their effects on inhibiting biofilm formation and destructing mature biofilms of C. albicans. We found that the nanoparticles modified with oligo-chitosan exhibited a better binding efficiency for planktonic cells, leading to stronger inhibitory efficacy of the filamentation and the early-stage biofilm formation. However, for mature biofilms, the nanoparticles with the smallest size (∼15 nm) showed the fastest penetration speed and a pronounced destructing effect albeit conferring the lowest ROS-producing capability. The inhibitory effect of photodynamic nanoparticles was dependent on the disruption of fungal quorum sensing (QS) by the upregulation of QS molecules, farnesol and tyrosol, mediated through the upregulation of ARO 8 and DPP 3 expression. Our findings provide a powerful strategy of nanoparticulate PDT to combat fungal infections through the inhibition of both hyphal and biofilm formation by disrupting QS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Tang
- State
Key Lab of Metal Matrix Composites, School of Materials Science and
Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, P. R. China
| | - Shenghao Yuan
- State
Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Center for Single-Cell
Omics, School of Public Health, Shanghai
Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Yuxuan Luo
- State
Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Center for Single-Cell
Omics, School of Public Health, Shanghai
Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - An-Jun Wang
- State
Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Center for Single-Cell
Omics, School of Public Health, Shanghai
Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Kang Sun
- State
Key Lab of Metal Matrix Composites, School of Materials Science and
Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, P. R. China
| | - Ning-Ning Liu
- State
Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Center for Single-Cell
Omics, School of Public Health, Shanghai
Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Ke Tao
- State
Key Lab of Metal Matrix Composites, School of Materials Science and
Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, P. R. China
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Wu S, Guo W, Li B, Zhou H, Meng H, Sun J, Li R, Guo D, Zhang X, Li R, Qu W. Progress of polymer-based strategies in fungal disease management: Designed for different roles. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2023; 13:1142029. [PMID: 37033476 PMCID: PMC10073610 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2023.1142029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 04/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Fungal diseases have posed a great challenge to global health, but have fewer solutions compared to bacterial and viral infections. Development and application of new treatment modalities for fungi are limited by their inherent essential properties as eukaryotes. The microorganism identification and drug sensitivity analyze are limited by their proliferation rates. Moreover, there are currently no vaccines for prevention. Polymer science and related interdisciplinary technologies have revolutionized the field of fungal disease management. To date, numerous advanced polymer-based systems have been developed for management of fungal diseases, including prevention, diagnosis, treatment and monitoring. In this review, we provide an overview of current needs and advances in polymer-based strategies against fungal diseases. We high light various treatment modalities. Delivery systems of antifungal drugs, systems based on polymers' innate antifungal activities, and photodynamic therapies each follow their own mechanisms and unique design clues. We also discuss various prevention strategies including immunization and antifungal medical devices, and further describe point-of-care testing platforms as futuristic diagnostic and monitoring tools. The broad application of polymer-based strategies for both public and personal health management is prospected and integrated systems have become a promising direction. However, there is a gap between experimental studies and clinical translation. In future, well-designed in vivo trials should be conducted to reveal the underlying mechanisms and explore the efficacy as well as biosafety of polymer-based products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siyu Wu
- Department of Hand Surgery, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Wenlai Guo
- Department of Hand Surgery, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Bo Li
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Huidong Zhou
- Department of Hand Surgery, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Hongqi Meng
- Department of Hand Surgery, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Junyi Sun
- Changchun American International School, Changchun, China
| | - Ruiyan Li
- Orthpoeadic Medical Center, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Orhtopeadics, Changchun, China
| | - Deming Guo
- Orthpoeadic Medical Center, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Orhtopeadics, Changchun, China
| | - Xi Zhang
- Department of Burn Surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
- *Correspondence: Xi Zhang, ; Rui Li, ; Wenrui Qu,
| | - Rui Li
- Department of Hand Surgery, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
- *Correspondence: Xi Zhang, ; Rui Li, ; Wenrui Qu,
| | - Wenrui Qu
- Department of Hand Surgery, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
- *Correspondence: Xi Zhang, ; Rui Li, ; Wenrui Qu,
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Kwak J, Woo J, Park S, Lim MH. Rational design of photoactivatable metal complexes to target and modulate amyloid-β peptides. J Inorg Biochem 2023; 238:112053. [PMID: 36347209 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2022.112053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2022] [Revised: 09/25/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
The accumulation of amyloid-β (Aβ) aggregates is found in the brains of Alzheimer's disease patients. Thus, numerous efforts have been made to develop chemical reagents capable of targeting Aβ peptides and controlling their aggregation. In particular, tunable coordination and photophysical properties of transition metal complexes, with variable oxidation and spin states on the metal centers, can be utilized to probe Aβ aggregates and alter their aggregation profiles. In this review, we illustrate some rational strategies for designing photoactivatable metal complexes as chemical sensors for Aβ peptides or modulators against their aggregation pathways, with some examples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jimin Kwak
- Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Junhyeok Woo
- Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Seongmin Park
- Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Mi Hee Lim
- Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea.
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22
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Bertoldo Stefanello L, Pinto Teixeira E, Almeida Iglesias B, Valandro Soares M, Alexandre Antunes Soares F, Monteiro B, Luísa Kloster C, de Bona da Silva C, Antonio Villetti M, Borsali R. Carbohydrate-based block copolymer nanoparticles: Novel nanocarrier for delivery of chlorine-aluminum phthalocyanine for use in photodynamic therapy. J Mol Liq 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2022.120415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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23
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Cancer therapy by antibody-targeted Cerenkov light and metabolism-selective photosensitization. J Control Release 2022; 352:25-34. [PMID: 36243234 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2022.10.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2022] [Revised: 08/29/2022] [Accepted: 10/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is an effective cancer treatment option, but it suffers from penetration limit of light, making it available only for superficial and endoscopically accessible cancers. Recently, there have been reports that Cerenkov luminescence originated from radioisotopes can be utilized as an excitation source for PDT without external light illumination. Here, cancer-selective agents, i.e., (1) clinically available 5-aminolevulinic acid (5-ALA), which promotes cancer metabolism-specific accumulation of protoporphyrin IX (PpIX), and (2) 64Cu-DOTA-trastuzumab, which has HER2-expressing cancer selective uptake, are separately applied as a photosensitizer and an in situ radiator, respectively, to potentiate tumor-specific Cerenkov luminescence energy transfer (CLET) from 64Cu to PpIX for high-precision PDT of cancer. It is shown that the combinational administration and tumor colocalization of 5-ALA and 64Cu-DOTA-trastuzumab exert significant in vitro cytotoxicity (cell viability <9%) as well as in vivo antitumor effects (tumor volume ratio of 0.50 on 14 days post-injection) on HER2-expressing breast and gastric cancer models. This study proves that high-precision treatment regimen using dual-targeted CLET-based PDT is feasible for HER2-expressing cancers. Furthermore, the results offer great potential for clinical translation to the dual-targeted CLET-based PDT because the treatment regimen uses components, 5-ALA and 64Cu-DOTA-trastuzumab, which are already in clinical uses.
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24
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Kalegari P, Leme DM, Disner GR, Cestari MM, de Lima Bellan D, Meira WV, Mazepa E, Martinez GR. High Melanin Content in Melanoma Cells Contributes to Enhanced DNA Damage after Rose Bengal Photosensitization. Photochem Photobiol 2022; 98:1355-1364. [PMID: 35398885 DOI: 10.1111/php.13632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2021] [Revised: 04/03/2022] [Accepted: 04/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Melanoma is a type of tumor that originates from melanocytes. Irradiation of melanin with UVA and visible light can produce reactive oxygen species (ROS) such as singlet molecular oxygen (1 O2 ). The objective of this study was to examine DNA damage in melanoma cells (B16-F10) with different melanin contents, subjected to 1 O2 generation. To this end, we used the photosensitizer Rose Bengal acetate (RBAc) and irradiation with visible light (526 nm) (RBAc-PDT). We used the modified comet assay with the repair enzymes hOGG1 and T4 endonuclease V to detect the DNA damage associated with 8-oxo-7,8-dihydro-2'-deoxyguanosine and cyclobutane pyrimidine dimers lesions, respectively. We observed increased formation of hOGG1- and T4endoV-sensitive DNA lesions after light exposure (with or without RBAc). Furthermore, 18 h after irradiation, hOGG1-sensitive DNA lesions increased compared to that at the initial time point (0 h), which shows that a high melanin content contributes to post-irradiation formation of them, mainly via sustained oxidative stress, as confirmed by the measurement of ROS levels and activity of antioxidant enzymes. Contrastingly, the number of T4endoV-sensitive DNA lesions decreased over time (18 h). Our data indicate that in melanoma cells, a higher amount of melanin may affect DNA damage levels when subjected to RBAc-PDT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paloma Kalegari
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências (Bioquímica), Setor de Ciências Biológicas, UFPR, Curitiba, Brazil
| | - Daniela Morais Leme
- Departamento de Genética, Setor de Ciências Biológicas, UFPR, Curitiba, Brazil
| | | | | | - Daniel de Lima Bellan
- Departamento de Biologia Celular, Setor de Ciências Biológicas, UFPR, Curitiba, Brazil
| | - Willian Vanderlei Meira
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências (Bioquímica), Setor de Ciências Biológicas, UFPR, Curitiba, Brazil
| | - Ester Mazepa
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências (Bioquímica), Setor de Ciências Biológicas, UFPR, Curitiba, Brazil
| | - Glaucia Regina Martinez
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências (Bioquímica), Setor de Ciências Biológicas, UFPR, Curitiba, Brazil
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25
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Islam MT, Ng K, Fefer M, Liu J, Uddin W, Ckurshumova W, Rosa C. Photosensitizer to the rescue: in planta and field application of photodynamic inactivation against plant pathogenic bacteria. PLANT DISEASE 2022; 107:870-878. [PMID: 36040229 DOI: 10.1094/pdis-05-22-1152-re] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Control of plant pathogens using chemical and synthetic pesticides raises a major safety concern for humans and the environment. Despite the ongoing exploration of sustainable alternative methods, management practices for pathogens, especially bacteria, have remained almost unchanged over decades, whereby long-term uses of copper and antibiotics has led to widespread bacterial resistance in the field. Antimicrobial photodynamic inactivation (aPDI) of bacteria is emerging as an alternative strategy to combat resistant plant pathogens. aPDI utilizes light-sensitive molecules (photosensitizers) that upon illumination produce reactive oxygen species able to kill pathogens. Here we explore the potential of an anionic semisynthetic water-soluble derivative of chlorophyl (Sodium Magnesium Chlorophyllin: Mg-chl), as an antibacterial agent in planta, by simulating processes naturally occurring in the field. Mg-chl in combination with Na2EDTA (cell wall permeabilizing agent) was able to effectively inhibit Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato DC3000 in vitro and in planta in both tomato and N. benthamiana. Notably, Mg-chl in combination with Na2EDTA and the common surfactant Morwet D-400 significantly reduced Xanthomonas hortorum pv. gardneri and Xanthomonas fragarie, respectively, in a commercial greenhouse trial against bacterial spot disease in tomato and in field experiments against angular leaf spot disease in strawberries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Tariqul Islam
- The Pennsylvania State University, Plant Pathology and Environmental Microbiology, University Park, Pennsylvania, United States;
| | - Kenneth Ng
- Suncor AgroScience, Mississauga, Ontario, Canada;
| | | | - Jun Liu
- Suncor AgroScience, Mississauga, Ontario, Canada;
| | - Wakar Uddin
- The Pennsylvania State University, Plant Pathology and Environmental Microbiology, University Park, Pennsylvania, United States;
| | | | - Cristina Rosa
- The Pennsylvania State University, Plant Pathology and Environmental Microbiology, University Park, Pennsylvania, United States;
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26
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Dibona-Villanueva L, Fuentealba D. Protoporphyrin IX-Chitosan Oligosaccharide Conjugate with Potent Antifungal Photodynamic Activity. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2022; 70:9276-9282. [PMID: 35866700 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.2c01644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
A new chemical conjugate between protoporphyrin IX (PPIX) and chitosan oligosaccharides (CH) was prepared and evaluated in vitro as an antifungal agent against Penicillium digitatum. Chemical characterization and photophysical/photochemical studies were conducted. The antifungal effect of the CH-PPIX conjugate was compared to its components (PPIX and CH) and a physical mixture of both, under dark and illuminated conditions. The CH-PPIX conjugate was photostable and inhibited fungal growth with 100% efficiency at a dose of 0.005% w/v under visible light irradiation, while no antifungal activity was observed in the dark. Under the same conditions, CH and PPIX did not display any fungicidal activity, demonstrating the improved properties of the conjugate. Insights into the mechanism of fungal inactivation revealed an efficient spore uptake and photoinduced membrane damage through singlet oxygen generation. This new bioconjugate, which is based on natural components, represents a promising agent for fungicidal formulations based on antimicrobial photodynamic therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luciano Dibona-Villanueva
- Laboratorio de Química Supramolecular y Fotobiología, Departamento de Química Física, Escuela de Química, Facultad de Química y de Farmacia, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Macul, Santiago 7820436, Chile
| | - Denis Fuentealba
- Laboratorio de Química Supramolecular y Fotobiología, Departamento de Química Física, Escuela de Química, Facultad de Química y de Farmacia, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Macul, Santiago 7820436, Chile
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27
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CUI Z, SHU Y, XIE X, JIN Y. Light-driven activation of NADPH oxidases. SCIENTIA SINICA VITAE 2022. [DOI: 10.1360/ssv-2022-0134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
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28
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Alharbi KS, Joshi N, Singh Y, Almalki WH, Kazmi I, Al-Abbasi FA, Alzarea SI, Afzal O, Altamimi ASA, Gupta G. Molecular exploration of hidden pleiotropic activities of azoles on dermatophytes in human tinea corporis infection. J Mycol Med 2022; 32:101311. [PMID: 35908359 DOI: 10.1016/j.mycmed.2022.101311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Revised: 06/21/2022] [Accepted: 07/14/2022] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
Abstract
Dermatophyte infections are widespread worldwide and are the most prevalent cause of fungal infection of the skin, hair, and nails. Tinea corporis is most commonly caused by dermatophytes belonging to three genera: Trichophyton , Microsporum , and Epidermophyton. The disease may be acquired through person-to-person transmission, typically by direct communication with an infected individual. Since dermatophytes causing tinea corporis infection are restricted to superficial keratinized tissue, topical treatments are most effective in patients with naïve tinea corporis unless the disease is widespread. Dermatophyte adherence to a keratinized structure is an essential step in dermatophytosis pathogenesis, whereby proteolytic enzyme activity is converted into a particular keratolytic activity that encourages the dermatophyte to use keratin as the sole source of carbon. Despite increasing dermatophytosis worldwide, particularly in the tropics, this research has often been neglected, appears to predominate globally, and presents practitioners with a therapeutic challenge. However, experts supported the use of allylamines in the pleiotropic molecular exploration of azoles, including reactive oxygen species (ROS) inducer, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, and wide-spectrum antimycotic effects. Therefore, the current review aims to update and reform this essential subject and illustrate the recent advancement of the hidden pleiotropic activity of azoles at the molecular level on dermatophytes in human tinea corporis infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khalid Saad Alharbi
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Jouf University, Sakaka, Al-Jouf, Saudi Arabia
| | - Navneet Joshi
- Department of Biosciences, School of Liberal Arts and Sciences, Mody University of Science and Technology, Lakshmangarh-332311, District-Sikar, Rajasthan, India.
| | - Yogendra Singh
- Department of Pharmacology, Maharishi Arvind College of Pharmacy, Ambabari Circle, Ambabari, Jaipur 302023, India
| | - Waleed Hassan Almalki
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Imran Kazmi
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fahad A Al-Abbasi
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sami I Alzarea
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Jouf University, Sakaka, Al-Jouf, Saudi Arabia
| | - Obaid Afzal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Gaurav Gupta
- School of Pharmacy, Suresh Gyan Vihar University, Mahal Road, Jagatpura, Jaipur 302017, India; Department of Pharmacology, Saveetha Dental College, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, India; Uttaranchal Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Uttaranchal University, Dehradun, India.
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Aires-Fernandes M, Amantino CF, do Amaral SR, Primo FL. Tissue Engineering and Photodynamic Therapy: A New Frontier of Science for Clinical Application -An Up-To-Date Review. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 10:837693. [PMID: 35782498 PMCID: PMC9240431 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.837693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2021] [Accepted: 05/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Tissue engineering (TE) connects principles of life sciences and engineering to develop biomaterials as alternatives to biological systems and substitutes that can improve and restore tissue function. The principle of TE is the incorporation of cells through a 3D matrix support (scaffold) or using scaffold-free organoid cultures to reproduce the 3D structure. In addition, 3D models developed can be used for different purposes, from studies mimicking healthy tissues and organs as well as to simulate and study different pathologies. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a non-invasive therapeutic modality when compared to conventional therapies. Therefore, PDT has great acceptance among patients and proves to be quite efficient due to its selectivity, versatility and therapeutic simplicity. The PDT mechanism consists of the use of three components: a molecule with higher molar extinction coefficient at UV-visible spectra denominated photosensitizer (PS), a monochromatic light source (LASER or LED) and molecular oxygen present in the microenvironment. The association of these components leads to a series of photoreactions and production of ultra-reactive singlet oxygen and reactive oxygen species (ROS). These species in contact with the pathogenic cell, leads to its target death based on necrotic and apoptosis ways. The initial objective of PDT is the production of high concentrations of ROS in order to provoke cellular damage by necrosis or apoptosis. However, recent studies have shown that by decreasing the energy density and consequently reducing the production of ROS, it enabled a specific cell response to photostimulation, tissues and/or organs. Thus, in the present review we highlight the main 3D models involved in TE and PS most used in PDT, as well as the applications, future perspectives and limitations that accompany the techniques aimed at clinical use.
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30
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Bandara HMHN, Samaranayake LP. Emerging strategies for environmental decontamination of the nosocomial fungal pathogen Candida auris. J Med Microbiol 2022; 71. [PMID: 35687657 DOI: 10.1099/jmm.0.001548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Candida auris is a recently emerged multidrug-resistant fungal pathogen that causes life-threatening infections to the human population worldwide. Recent rampant outbreaks of C. auris in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients, together with outbreaks in over 45 countries, highlight its threat to patients and healthcare economies. Unlike other pathogenic Candida species, C. auris is capable of surviving in abiotic surfaces of healthcare facilities for prolonged periods, leading to increased risk of transmission within nosocomial settings. C. auris is resistant to multiple classes of antifungal agents, forms dry biofilms and transmits independently to regional epicentres, making its eradication from nosocomial environment arduous. The lack of strategies for environmental decontamination of C. auris from nosocomial settings is evident from the generic guidance and recommendations provided by leading global healthcare bodies. Therefore, this minireview discusses the current guidelines for environmental decontamination of C. auris and compounds and strategies currently under investigation for potential future use. While established guidelines recommend the use of products mainly consisting of sodium hypochlorite and hydrogen peroxide, initial works have been reported on the promising anti-C. auris properties of various other compounds and some biocompatible alternatives. Further validation of these approaches, coupled up with environmentally friendly decontamination protocols, are warranted to achieve superior elimination of C. auris from healthcare settings.
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Schulz S, Ziganshyna S, Lippmann N, Glass S, Eulenburg V, Habermann N, Schwarz UT, Voigt A, Heilmann C, Rüffer T, Werdehausen R. The Meta-Substituted Isomer of TMPyP Enables More Effective Photodynamic Bacterial Inactivation than Para-TMPyP In Vitro. Microorganisms 2022; 10:microorganisms10050858. [PMID: 35630304 PMCID: PMC9143678 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms10050858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Revised: 04/16/2022] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Porphyrinoid-based photodynamic inactivation (PDI) provides a promising approach to treating multidrug-resistant infections. However, available agents for PDI still have optimization potential with regard to effectiveness, toxicology, chemical stability, and solubility. The currently available photosensitizer TMPyP is provided with a para substitution pattern (para-TMPyP) of the pyridinium groups and has been demonstrated to be effective for PDI of multidrug-resistant bacteria. To further improve its properties, we synthetized a structural variant of TMPyP with an isomeric substitution pattern in a meta configuration (meta-TMPyP), confirmed the correct structure by crystallographic analysis and performed a characterization with NMR-, UV/Vis-, and IR spectroscopy, photostability, and singlet oxygen generation assay. Meta-TMPyP had a hypochromic shift in absorbance (4 nm) with a 55% higher extinction coefficient and slightly improved photostability (+6.9%) compared to para-TMPyP. Despite these superior molecular properties, singlet oxygen generation was increased by only 5.4%. In contrast, PDI, based on meta-TMPyP, reduced the density of extended spectrum β-lactamase-producing and fluoroquinolone-resistant Escherichia coli by several orders of magnitude, whereby a sterilizing effect was observed after 48 min of illumination, while para-TMPyP was less effective (p < 0.01). These findings demonstrate that structural modification with meta substitution increases antibacterial properties of TMPyP in PDI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Schulz
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, Medical Faculty, University of Leipzig, 04103 Leipzig, Germany; (S.S.); (S.Z.); (V.E.)
| | - Svitlana Ziganshyna
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, Medical Faculty, University of Leipzig, 04103 Leipzig, Germany; (S.S.); (S.Z.); (V.E.)
| | - Norman Lippmann
- Institute of Medical Microbiology and Virology, Medical Faculty, University of Leipzig, 04103 Leipzig, Germany;
| | - Sarah Glass
- Leibniz Institute of Surface Engineering (IOM), 04318 Leipzig, Germany;
| | - Volker Eulenburg
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, Medical Faculty, University of Leipzig, 04103 Leipzig, Germany; (S.S.); (S.Z.); (V.E.)
| | - Natalia Habermann
- Institute of Physics, Chemnitz University of Technology, 09111 Chemnitz, Germany; (N.H.); (U.T.S.)
| | - Ulrich T. Schwarz
- Institute of Physics, Chemnitz University of Technology, 09111 Chemnitz, Germany; (N.H.); (U.T.S.)
| | - Alexander Voigt
- Institute of Chemistry, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Chemnitz University of Technology, 09111 Chemnitz, Germany; (A.V.); (C.H.)
| | - Claudia Heilmann
- Institute of Chemistry, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Chemnitz University of Technology, 09111 Chemnitz, Germany; (A.V.); (C.H.)
| | - Tobias Rüffer
- Institute of Chemistry, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Chemnitz University of Technology, 09111 Chemnitz, Germany; (A.V.); (C.H.)
- Correspondence: (T.R.); (R.W.)
| | - Robert Werdehausen
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, Medical Faculty, University of Leipzig, 04103 Leipzig, Germany; (S.S.); (S.Z.); (V.E.)
- Correspondence: (T.R.); (R.W.)
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32
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Thomas-Moore BA, Del Valle CA, Field RA, Marín MJ. Recent advances in nanoparticle-based targeting tactics for antibacterial photodynamic therapy. Photochem Photobiol Sci 2022; 21:1111-1131. [PMID: 35384638 PMCID: PMC9287206 DOI: 10.1007/s43630-022-00194-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2021] [Accepted: 02/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Abstract The rise of antibacterial drug resistance means treatment options are becoming increasingly limited. We must find ways to tackle these hard-to-treat drug-resistant and biofilm infections. With the lack of new antibacterial drugs (such as antibiotics) reaching the clinics, research has switched focus to exploring alternative strategies. One such strategy is antibacterial photodynamic therapy (aPDT), a system that relies on light, oxygen, and a non-toxic dye (photosensitiser) to generate cytotoxic reactive oxygen species. This technique has already been shown capable of handling both drug-resistant and biofilm infections but has limited clinical approval to date, which is in part due to the low bioavailability and selectivity of hydrophobic photosensitisers. Nanotechnology-based techniques have the potential to address the limitations of current aPDT, as already well-documented in anti-cancer PDT. Here, we review recent advances in nanoparticle-based targeting tactics for aPDT. Graphical Abstract ![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Brydie A Thomas-Moore
- School of Chemistry, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, NR4 7TJ, UK.
- Norwich Research Park Innovation Centre, Iceni Glycoscience Ltd, Colney Lane, Norwich, NR4 7GJ, UK.
| | - Carla Arnau Del Valle
- School of Chemistry, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, NR4 7TJ, UK
| | - Robert A Field
- Norwich Research Park Innovation Centre, Iceni Glycoscience Ltd, Colney Lane, Norwich, NR4 7GJ, UK
- Department of Chemistry and Manchester Institute of Biotechnology, The University of Manchester, 131 Princess Street, Manchester, M1 7DN, UK
| | - María J Marín
- School of Chemistry, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, NR4 7TJ, UK.
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33
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Wang H, Liu Y, Li W, Li W, Xu H, Niu G, Wang Z. Microbiota in Gingival Crevicular Fluid Before and After Mechanical Debridement With Antimicrobial Photodynamic Therapy in Peri-Implantitis. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2022; 11:777627. [PMID: 35096639 PMCID: PMC8791307 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2021.777627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Accepted: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives This study aims to compare the microbiota of gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) before and after mechanical debridement (MD) with antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) and determine the core efficient microbiota in peri-implantitis after treatment. Methods We recruited 9 patients (14 implants) treated with MD+aPDT for peri-implantitis at our center from February 1, 2018, to February 1, 2019. GCF was collected using filter paper strip before and after the treatment. The bacterial 16S rRNA was amplified and sequenced using an Illumina MiSeq platform to characterize the GCF. Bioinformatics and statistical analyses were performed using QIIME2 and R. Results A total of 4,110,861 high-quality sequences were obtained from GCF samples. Based on the reference database, 1,120 amplicon sequence variants (ASVs) were finally harvested. Principal coordinates analysis indicated significant differences in the bacterial community structure between the 180 days after-treatment group and pre-treatment group. Difference analysis and least discriminant analysis showed that the differences were mainly reflected in non-dominant bacteria between these two groups. The non-dominant genera with significantly different distribution between the 180 days after-treatment group and the pre-treatment group included Lactobacillus, Pedobacter, Bulleidia, Centipeda, Desulfovibrio, Ochrobactrum, Staphylococcus, Microbacterium, Brevundimonas, Desulfobulbus, and Parvimonas. Moreover, a total of 29 predictive functional categories at KEGG level 2 were identified. The significant difference pathways at KEGG level 2 between after-treatment and pre-treatment were concentrated in infectious disease-related pathways. Conclusions Patients with peri-implantitis have significant changes in the low-abundance bacteria of the GCF before and after MD+aPDT. MD+aPDT may change the composition of GCF microbiota by increasing the abundance of cluster 1 (beneficial) and decreasing that of cluster 4 (harmful), which may decrease metabolic response to infection and thus improve peri-implantitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiyan Wang
- Department of Stomatology, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Ye Liu
- Peking University Fifth School of Clinical Medicine, Beijing, China.,The Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, Beijing Institute of Geriatrics, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing Hospital/National Center of Gerontology of National Health Commission, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Li
- Department of Stomatology, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Wenyue Li
- Department of Stomatology, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Hongtao Xu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Guangliang Niu
- Department of Stomatology, Beijing Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Zuomin Wang
- Department of Stomatology, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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34
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Yim G, Kang S, Chae SY, Chung E, Song TK, Park JH, Yoon C, Min DH, Jang H. Precursor Heterogeneity Driven Mo-Te Nanoparticle Structural Diversification for Cancer Photo-Theranostics. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:9987-10000. [PMID: 35176852 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c20634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Chemical reactions between homogeneous precursors are typically used to synthesize monodisperse nanoparticles with well-controlled size and morphology. It is difficult to predict the evolved nanostructures when using two heterogeneous precursors. In this study, three types of Mo-Te nanoparticles shaped like leaves, spindles, and rice grains (denoted respectively as nanoleaf, nanospindle, and nanorice) were obtained from dextrose-mediated proton-coupled electron transfer reaction between the solid polyoxomolybdate (POM) and the ionic tellurite anion as precursors. All produced nanoparticles had excellent optical absorption in the ultraviolet(UV)-visible(Vis)-near-infrared(NIR) regions, with only slight deviations among them. After confirming nanoparticles' photothermal conversion and photocatalytic activity at multiple wavelengths, the Mo-Te nanorice was tested as a potential agent for cancer treatment due to its minimum toxicity, excellent colloidal stability, and intrinsic anticancer effect. Excellent treatment efficacy and clearance were confirmed in vitro and in vivo. Due to their photoacoustic imaging capability, the injection of pristine nanoparticles could also realize phototheranostics without using additional drugs, probes, or photosensitizers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gyeonghye Yim
- Department of Chemistry, Kwangwoon University, 20 Gwangwoon-ro, Nowon-gu, Seoul 01897, Republic of Korea
| | - Seounghun Kang
- Department of Chemistry, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Se-Youl Chae
- Department of Chemistry, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Euisuk Chung
- Department of Electronic Engineering, Sogang University, Seoul 04107, Republic of Korea
| | - Tai-Kyong Song
- Department of Electronic Engineering, Sogang University, Seoul 04107, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Hun Park
- Department of Science Education, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Republic of Korea
| | - Changhan Yoon
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Inje University Kimhae, Gimhae 50834, Republic of Korea
- Department of Nanoscience and Engineering, Inje University Kimhae, Gimhae 50834, Republic of Korea
| | - Dal-Hee Min
- Department of Chemistry, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
- Institute of Biotherapeutics Convergence Technology, Lemonex Inc., Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Hongje Jang
- Department of Chemistry, Kwangwoon University, 20 Gwangwoon-ro, Nowon-gu, Seoul 01897, Republic of Korea
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35
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Vera C, Gallucci MN, Marioni J, Sosa Morales MC, Martino DM, Nuñez Montoya S, Borsarelli CD. "On-Demand" Antimicrobial Photodynamic Activity through Supramolecular Photosensitizers Built with Rose Bengal and ( p-Vinylbenzyl)triethylammomium Polycation Derivatives. Bioconjug Chem 2022; 33:463-472. [PMID: 35138087 DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.1c00596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The antimicrobial photodynamic activity (aPDA) in fungal and bacterial strains of supramolecular adducts formed between the anionic photosensitizer (PS) Rose Bengal (RB2-) and aromatic polycations derived from (p-vinylbenzyl)triethylammonium chloride was evaluated. Stable supramolecular adducts with dissociation constants Kd ≈ 5 μM showed photosensitizing properties suitable for generating singlet oxygen (ΦΔ = 0.5 ± 0.1) with the added advantage of improving the photostability of the xanthenic dye. However, the aPDA of both free and supramolecular RB2- was highly dependent on the type of microorganism treated, indicating the importance of specific interactions between the different cell wall structures of the microbe and the PSs. Indeed, in the case of Gram-positive Staphylococcus aureus, the aPDA of molecular and supramolecular PSs was highly effective. Instead, in the case of Gram-negative Escherichia coli, only the RB2-:polycation adducts showed aPDA, while RB2- alone was inefficient, but in the case of Candida tropicalis, the opposite behavior was observed. Therefore, the present results indicate the potential of supramolecular chemistry to obtain aPDA à la carte depending on the target microbe and the PS properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cecilia Vera
- Instituto de Bionanotecnolgía del NOA (INBIONATEC), CONICET, Universidad Nacional de Santiago del Estero (UNSE), RN9, km 1125, Santiago del Estero G4206XCP, Argentina
| | - Mauro N Gallucci
- Instituto de Bionanotecnolgía del NOA (INBIONATEC), CONICET, Universidad Nacional de Santiago del Estero (UNSE), RN9, km 1125, Santiago del Estero G4206XCP, Argentina
| | - Juliana Marioni
- CONICET, Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Vegetal (IMBIV), Cordoba X5000HUA, Argentina
| | - Marcelo C Sosa Morales
- Instituto de Bionanotecnolgía del NOA (INBIONATEC), CONICET, Universidad Nacional de Santiago del Estero (UNSE), RN9, km 1125, Santiago del Estero G4206XCP, Argentina
| | - Debora M Martino
- Instituto de Física del Litoral (IFIS Litoral), CONICET, Universidad Nacional del Litoral (UNL), Santa Fe S3000GLN, Argentina
| | - Susana Nuñez Montoya
- CONICET, Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Vegetal (IMBIV), Cordoba X5000HUA, Argentina.,Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Dpto. Cs. Farmacéuticas, Haya de la Torre y Medina Allende, Córdoba X5000HUA, Argentina
| | - Claudio D Borsarelli
- Instituto de Bionanotecnolgía del NOA (INBIONATEC), CONICET, Universidad Nacional de Santiago del Estero (UNSE), RN9, km 1125, Santiago del Estero G4206XCP, Argentina.,Facultad de Agronomía y Agroindustrias. UNSE, Av. Belgrano (S) 1912, Santiago del Estero G4200, Argentina
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36
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Zhang Y, Ding Z, Xie J. Metabolic Effects of Violet Light on Spoilage Bacteria from Fresh-Cut Pakchoi during Postharvest Stage. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 11:267. [PMID: 35161246 PMCID: PMC8840685 DOI: 10.3390/plants11030267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2021] [Revised: 01/13/2022] [Accepted: 01/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Pakchoi (Brassica rapa L. Chinensis) is an important vegetable in Asia. Pseudomonas palleroniana is one of the specific spoilage organisms (SSOs) of fresh-cut pakchoi. The purpose of this study was to investigate changes to the endogenous metabolic spectrum of violet light (405 nm) with regard to food spoilage bacteria from fresh-cut pakchoi using ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. In this study, P. palleroniana samples were treated with violet light at 4 °C, and the maximum dose was 133.63 J/cm2. The results revealed that 153 metabolites and 83 pathways significantly changed compared to the control group, which indicated that light treatment may lead to ROS accumulation in cells, inducing oxidative stress and the excessive consumption of ATP. However, the increased content of aromatic amino acids and the decreased anabolism of some amino acids and nucleotides might be a form of self-protection by reducing energy consumption, thus contributing to the improvement of the tolerance of cells to illumination. These results provide new insights into the antibacterial mechanism of P. palleroniana with regard to metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuchen Zhang
- College of Food Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China; (Y.Z.); (Z.D.)
- National Experimental Teaching Demonstration Center for Food Science and Engineering, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Zhaoyang Ding
- College of Food Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China; (Y.Z.); (Z.D.)
- National Experimental Teaching Demonstration Center for Food Science and Engineering, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Jing Xie
- College of Food Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China; (Y.Z.); (Z.D.)
- National Experimental Teaching Demonstration Center for Food Science and Engineering, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
- Shanghai Professional Technology Service Platform on Cold Chain Equipment Performance and Energy Saving Evaluation, Shanghai 201306, China
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37
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Liang X, Chen M, Bhattarai P, Hameed S, Tang Y, Dai Z. Complementing Cancer Photodynamic Therapy with Ferroptosis through Iron Oxide Loaded Porphyrin-Grafted Lipid Nanoparticles. ACS NANO 2021; 15:20164-20180. [PMID: 34898184 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.1c08108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Nanomaterials that combine multimodality imaging and therapeutic functions within a single nanoplatform have drawn extensive attention for molecular medicines and biological applications. Herein, we report a theranostic nanoplatform based on a relatively smaller (<20 nm) iron oxide loaded porphyrin-grafted lipid nanoparticles (Fe3O4@PGL NPs). The amphiphilic PGL easily self-assembled on the hydrophobic exterior surface of ultrasmall Fe3O4 NPs, resulting in a final ultrasmall Fe3O4@PGL NPs with diameter of ∼10 nm. The excellent self-assembling nature of the as-synthesized PGL NPs facilitated a higher loading of porphyrins, showed a negligible dark toxicity, and demonstrated an excellent photodynamic effect against HT-29 cancer cells in vitro. The in vivo experimental results further confirmed that Fe3O4@PGL NPs were ideally qualified for both the fluorescence and magnetic resonance (MR) imaging guided nanoplatforms to track the biodistribution and therapeutic responses of NPs as well as to simultaneously trigger the generation of highly cytotoxic reactive oxygen species (ROS) necessary for excellent photodynamic therapy (PDT). After recording convincing therapeutic responses, we further evaluated the ability of Fe3O4@PGL NPs/Fe3O4@Lipid NPs for ferroptosis therapy (FT) via tumor microenvironment (TME) modulation for improved anticancer activity. We hypothesized that tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) could significantly improve the efficacy of FT by accelerating the Fenton reaction in vitro. In our results, the Fe ions released in vitro directly contributed to the Fenton reaction, whereas the presence of RAW 264.7 macrophages further accelerated the ROS generation as observed by the fluorescence imaging. The significant increase in the ROS during the coincubation of NPs, endocytosed by HT-29 cells and RAW264.7 cells, further induced increased cellular toxicity of cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolong Liang
- Department of Ultrasound, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Min Chen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Future Technology, National Biomedical Imaging Center, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
- Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| | - Pravin Bhattarai
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Future Technology, National Biomedical Imaging Center, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
- Department of Biophotonics, Phutung Research Institute, Kathmandu 12335, Nepal
| | - Sadaf Hameed
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Future Technology, National Biomedical Imaging Center, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
- Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Central Punjab, Lahore 54000, Pakistan
| | - Yida Tang
- Department of Cardiology and Institute of Vascular Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Zhifei Dai
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Future Technology, National Biomedical Imaging Center, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
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38
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Sharma N, Bagga B, Singhal D, Nagpal R, Kate A, Saluja G, Maharana PK. Fungal keratitis: A review of clinical presentations, treatment strategies and outcomes. Ocul Surf 2021; 24:22-30. [PMID: 34915188 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtos.2021.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2021] [Revised: 11/20/2021] [Accepted: 12/02/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Infectious keratitis is a significant cause of corneal blindness worldwide. Although less prevalent in the developed world, cases of fungal keratitis account for almost half of all keratitis cases, occurring in the developing countries. These cases are one of the most refractory types of infectious keratitis and present various challenges to the treating physician such as delayed presentation, long waiting time for culture positivity, limited availability effective antifungal drugs, prolonged duration for response to therapy, a highly variable spectrum of anti-fungal drug sensitivity and a high recurrence rate following keratoplasty. The advent of rapid diagnostic tools, molecular methods, in vitro anti-fungal drug sensitivity testing, alternatives to natamycin, targeted drug delivery and most importantly the results of large randomized controlled trials have significantly improved our understanding and approach towards the diagnosis and management of cases with fungal keratitis. Overall, Aspergillus and Fusarium species are the most common causes ones of fungal keratitis. History of antecedent trauma is a significant predisposing factor. Corneal scrapings for microscopic evaluation and culture preparation, is the standard of care for establishing the diagnosis of fungal keratitis. Molecular identification of cultures offers accurate identification of fungal pathogens, especially the rare species. Natamycin is an approved first-line drug. Voriconazole is the best alternative, especially for non-fusarium cases. Management involves administration of drugs usually by a combination of various routes, the treatment regimen being individualized depending upon the response to therapy. Photodynamic therapy is a newer treatment modality, being tried for non-responsive cases, before resorting to a therapeutic graft.
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Affiliation(s)
- Namrata Sharma
- Cornea, Cataract & Refractive Surgery Services, Dr. Rajendra Prasad Centre for Ophthalmic Sciences, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India.
| | - Bhupesh Bagga
- The Cornea Institute, LV Prasad Eye Institute, Hyderabad, India
| | | | - Ritu Nagpal
- Cornea, Cataract & Refractive Surgery Services, Dr. Rajendra Prasad Centre for Ophthalmic Sciences, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Anahita Kate
- The Cornea Institute, LV Prasad Eye Institute, Vijaywada, India
| | - Gunjan Saluja
- Strabismus, Oculoplasty & Neuro-ophthalmology Services, Dr. Rajendra Prasad Centre for Ophthalmic Sciences, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Prafulla K Maharana
- Cornea, Cataract & Refractive Surgery Services, Dr. Rajendra Prasad Centre for Ophthalmic Sciences, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
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39
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Cui Z, Zhang M, Geng S, Niu X, Wang X, Zhu Y, Ye F, Liu C. Antifungal Effect of Antimicrobial Photodynamic Therapy Mediated by Haematoporphyrin Monomethyl Ether and Aloe Emodin on Malassezia furfur. Front Microbiol 2021; 12:749106. [PMID: 34867868 PMCID: PMC8637056 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.749106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2021] [Accepted: 10/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Infectious dermatological diseases caused by Malassezia furfur are often chronic, recurrent, and recalcitrant. Current therapeutic options are usually tedious, repetitive, and associated with adverse effects. Alternatives that broaden the treatment options and reduce side effects for patients are needed. Antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) is an emerging approach that is quite suitable for superficial infections. The aim of this study is to investigate the antimicrobial efficacy and effect of aPDT mediated by haematoporphyrin monomethyl ether (HMME) and aloe emodin (AE) on clinical isolates of M. furfur in vitro. The photodynamic antimicrobial efficacy of HMME and AE against M. furfur was assessed by colony forming unit (CFU) assay. The uptake of HMME and AE by M. furfur cells was investigated by fluorescence microscopy. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) probe and flow cytometry were employed to evaluate the intracellular ROS level. The effect of HMME and AE-mediated aPDT on secreted protease and lipase activity of M. furfur was also investigated. The results showed that HMME and AE in the presence of light effectively inactivated M. furfur cells in a photosensitizer (PS) concentration and light energy dose-dependent manner. AE exhibited higher antimicrobial efficacy against M. furfur than HMME under the same irradiation condition. HMME and AE-mediated aPDT disturbed the fungal cell envelop, significantly increased the intracellular ROS level, and effectively inhibited the activity of secreted protease and lipase of M. furfur cells. The results suggest that HMME and AE have potential to serve as PSs in the photodynamic treatment of dermatological diseases caused by M. furfur, but further ex vivo or in vivo experiments are needed to verify that they can meet the requirements for clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zixin Cui
- Department of Infection, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Miaomiao Zhang
- Department of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, China
| | - Songmei Geng
- Department of Dermatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xinwu Niu
- Department of Dermatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xiaopeng Wang
- Department of Dermatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yanyan Zhu
- Department of Dermatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Feng Ye
- Department of Infection, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Chengcheng Liu
- Department of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, China
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40
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Ran B, Wang Z, Cai W, Ran L, Xia W, Liu W, Peng X. Organic Photo-antimicrobials: Principles, Molecule Design, and Applications. J Am Chem Soc 2021; 143:17891-17909. [PMID: 34677069 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c08679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The emergence of multi-drug-resistant pathogens threatens the healthcare systems world-wide. Recent advances in phototherapy (PT) approaches mediated by photo-antimicrobials (PAMs) provide new opportunities for the current serious antibiotic resistance. During the PT treatment, reactive oxygen species or heat produced by PAMs would react with the cell membrane, consequently leaking cytoplasm components and effectively eradicating different pathogens like bacteria, fungi, viruses, and even parasites. This Perspective will concentrate on the development of different organic photo-antimicrobials (OPAMs) and their application as practical therapeutic agents into therapy for local infections, wound dressings, and removal of biofilms from medical devices. We also discuss how to design highly efficient OPAMs by modifying the chemical structure or conjugating with a targeting component. Moreover, this Perspective provides a discussion of the general challenges and direction for OPAMs and what further needs to be done. It is hoped that through this overview, OPAMs can prosper and will be more widely used for microbial infections in the future, especially at a time when the global COVID-19 epidemic is getting more serious.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bei Ran
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Zuokai Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Wenlin Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Lei Ran
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Wenxi Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Weijian Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Xiaojun Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China.,State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Shenzhen Research Institute, Dalian University of Technology, Shenzhen 518057, PR China
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41
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Aroso RT, Schaberle FA, Arnaut LG, Pereira MM. Photodynamic disinfection and its role in controlling infectious diseases. Photochem Photobiol Sci 2021; 20:1497-1545. [PMID: 34705261 PMCID: PMC8548867 DOI: 10.1007/s43630-021-00102-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2021] [Accepted: 09/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Photodynamic therapy is witnessing a revival of its origins as a response to the rise of multi-drug resistant infections and the shortage of new classes of antibiotics. Photodynamic disinfection (PDDI) of microorganisms is making progresses in preclinical models and in clinical cases, and the perception of its role in the clinical armamentarium for the management of infectious diseases is changing. We review the positioning of PDDI from the perspective of its ability to respond to clinical needs. Emphasis is placed on the pipeline of photosensitizers that proved effective to inactivate biofilms, showed efficacy in animal models of infectious diseases or reached clinical trials. Novel opportunities resulting from the COVID-19 pandemic are briefly discussed. The molecular features of promising photosensitizers are emphasized and contrasted with those of photosensitizers used in the treatment of solid tumors. The development of photosensitizers has been accompanied by the fabrication of a variety of affordable and customizable light sources. We critically discuss the combination between photosensitizer and light source properties that may leverage PDDI and expand its applications to wider markets. The success of PDDI in the management of infectious diseases will ultimately depend on the efficacy of photosensitizers, affordability of the light sources, simplicity of the procedures, and availability of fast and efficient treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafael T Aroso
- Chemistry Department, University of Coimbra, 3004-535, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Fábio A Schaberle
- Chemistry Department, University of Coimbra, 3004-535, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Luís G Arnaut
- Chemistry Department, University of Coimbra, 3004-535, Coimbra, Portugal.
| | - Mariette M Pereira
- Chemistry Department, University of Coimbra, 3004-535, Coimbra, Portugal.
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42
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Ziental D, Mlynarczyk DT, Czarczynska-Goslinska B, Lewandowski K, Sobotta L. Photosensitizers Mediated Photodynamic Inactivation against Fungi. NANOMATERIALS 2021; 11:nano11112883. [PMID: 34835655 PMCID: PMC8621466 DOI: 10.3390/nano11112883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2021] [Revised: 10/13/2021] [Accepted: 10/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Superficial and systemic fungal infections are essential problems for the modern health care system. One of the challenges is the growing resistance of fungi to classic antifungals and the constantly increasing cost of therapy. These factors force the scientific world to intensify the search for alternative and more effective methods of treatment. This paper presents an overview of new fungal inactivation methods using Photodynamic Antimicrobial Chemotherapy (PACT). The results of research on compounds from the groups of phenothiazines, xanthanes, porphyrins, chlorins, porphyrazines, and phthalocyanines are presented. An intensive search for a photosensitizer with excellent properties is currently underway. The formulation based on the existing ones is also developed by combining them with nanoparticles and common antifungal therapy. Numerous studies indicate that fungi do not form any specific defense mechanism against PACT, which deems it a promising therapeutic alternative.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Ziental
- Chair and Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Grunwaldzka 6, 60-780 Poznan, Poland; (D.Z.); (K.L.)
| | - Dariusz T. Mlynarczyk
- Chair and Department of Chemical Technology of Drugs, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Grunwaldzka 6, 60-780 Poznan, Poland;
| | - Beata Czarczynska-Goslinska
- Chair and Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Grunwaldzka 6, 60-780 Poznan, Poland;
| | - Konrad Lewandowski
- Chair and Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Grunwaldzka 6, 60-780 Poznan, Poland; (D.Z.); (K.L.)
| | - Lukasz Sobotta
- Chair and Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Grunwaldzka 6, 60-780 Poznan, Poland; (D.Z.); (K.L.)
- Correspondence:
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43
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Altamirano D, Martinez J, Leviste KD, Parel JM, Amescua G. Photodynamic Therapy for Infectious Keratitis. CURRENT OPHTHALMOLOGY REPORTS 2021; 8:245-251. [PMID: 34540359 DOI: 10.1007/s40135-020-00252-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Infectious keratitis is a sight-threatening microbial infection. The prevalence of antimicrobial resistance in cases of infectious keratitis has increased the demand for fortified compounded antimicrobial drops. Even with proper medical management, severe cases of infectious keratitis can further evolve into corneal perforation, requiring surgical intervention in the form of keratoplasty to control the infectious process. Due to the invasive nature of the procedure and the shortage of available donor tissue around the world, alternative treatments are needed for the management of progressive infectious keratitis. In ophthalmology, photodynamic therapy (PDT) has been used for numerous applications. PDT with Rose Bengal as a photosensitizer combined with green light optical irradiation (RB-PDAT) is a novel treatment with dual purpose: to arrest the infection from progressing and strengthen the collagen of the cornea. RB-PDAT may be considered as an adjunct therapy in severe cases of infectious keratitis to minimize the need for a therapeutic keratoplasty.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diego Altamirano
- Department of Ophthalmology, Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Jaime Martinez
- Department of Ophthalmology, Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Katherine D Leviste
- Ocular Microbiology Laboratory, Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Jean Marie Parel
- Department of Ophthalmology, Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA
- Ophthalmic Biophysics Center, McKnight Vision Research Center, Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Guillermo Amescua
- Department of Ophthalmology, Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA
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44
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Cordisco E, Petenatti E, Svetaz L, Sortino M. Evaluation of the antifungal photodynamic activity of Thymophylla pentachaeta extracts against Candida albicans and its virulence factors. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2021; 90:153608. [PMID: 34148723 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2021.153608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2020] [Revised: 05/14/2021] [Accepted: 05/19/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Candida albicans is one of the most common causative of opportunistic infections. Treatment of candidiasis is challenging considering the few antifungal drugs available and the increase in resistance. Antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) is a recently developed therapeutic option that combines a non-toxic photosensitizer (PS) and light to kill the microbial pathogens. Targeting virulence, defined as the ability of a pathogen to cause overt disease, represents another attractive target for the development of novel antifungal agents. Thymophylla pentachaeta (DC.) Small var. belenidium (DC.) is an endemic plant from Argentina in which the presence of thiophenes, biologically active compounds whose antifungal activity is enhanced by irradiation with Ultraviolet A (UVA), have been already described. PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to evaluate the photodynamic antifungal activity of hexane (Hex), dichloromethane (DCM), ethyl acetate (EtOAc) and methanol (MeOH) extracts from T. pentachaeta var. belenidium and their inhibitory effects on C. albicans virulence factors as well as biofilm formation and eradication. STUDY DESIGN/METHODS Antifungal photodynamic activity of Hex, DCM, EtOAc and MeOH extracts from different parts of the plant were assessed with the microbroth dilution, bioautography and the time-kill assays, under light and darkness conditions. The capacities of the most active extracts of inhibiting Candida virulence factors (adherence to epithelial cells, germ tube and pseudomycelium formation and hydrolytic enzyme secretion) were assessed. In addition, the activity against biofilm formation and eradication has been investigated by reaction with 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) that quantifies living cells in these structures. RESULTS Hex and DCM extracts from T. pentachaeta roots exhibited high photodynamic antifungal activity against C. albicans [Minimal fungicide concentrations (MFCs)= 7.8 µg/ml] under UVA light irradiation. Chemical analysis of active extracts (Hex and DCM from roots) revealed the presence of photoactive thiophenes. Both extracts generate reactive oxygen species through type I and II mechanisms. These extracts, at sub-inhibitory concentrations, under light conditions decreased the adherence of C. albicans to Buccal Epithelial Cells (BEC), inhibited germ tube formation and reduced esterase production. Finally, they demonstrated activity against preformed biofilms submitted to irradiation (MFCs= 3.91 µg/ml and 15.63 µg/ml for Hex and DCM extracts, respectively). CONCLUSION Taking together, results demonstrated the strong photodynamic effects of T. pentachaeta root extracts under UVA irradiation, making them valuable alternatives to the already established antifungal drugs against C. albicans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Estefanía Cordisco
- Área Farmacognosia, Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad Nacional de Rosario, Suipacha 531, 2000 Rosario, Argentina
| | - Elisa Petenatti
- Herbario, Facultad de Química, Bioquímica y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional de San Luis, Chacabuco 917, 5700 San Luis, Argentina
| | - Laura Svetaz
- Área Farmacognosia, Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad Nacional de Rosario, Suipacha 531, 2000 Rosario, Argentina
| | - Maximiliano Sortino
- Área Farmacognosia, Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad Nacional de Rosario, Suipacha 531, 2000 Rosario, Argentina; Centro de Referencia de Micología, Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad Nacional de Rosario, Suipacha 531, 2000 Rosario, Argentina.
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Zhang M, Cui Z, Wang Y, Ma W, Ji Y, Ye F, Feng Y, Liu C. Effects of sub-lethal antimicrobial photodynamic therapy mediated by haematoporphyrin monomethyl ether on polymyxin-resistant Escherichia coli clinical isolate. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2021; 36:102516. [PMID: 34469794 DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2021.102516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2021] [Revised: 08/20/2021] [Accepted: 08/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM It is generally believed that bacteria can not develop resistance to antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT). This work employed a polymyxin-resistant Escherichia coli clinical isolate (E15017) to study whether it could become resistant to aPDT mediated by haematoporphyrin monomethyl ether (HMME) via consecutive photodynamic treatments at sub-lethal condition. METHODS The sub-lethal and lethal photodynamic treatment conditions for E15017 were determined by colony forming units (CFU) assay. Bacterial cells of E15017 were treated with 20 cycles of repeated sub-lethal HMME-mediated aPDT, and subsequently subjected to aPDT at lethal condition. The antibiotic susceptibility, zeta-potential and membrane integrity of sub-lethal aPDT treated E15017 cells were also investigated. RESULTS After 20 cycles of repeated HMME-mediated aPDT treatments at sub-lethal condition, E15017 cells didn't become more resistant to aPDT. Sub-lethal HMME-mediated aPDT decreased the MIC values of E15017 to ceftazidime and polymyxin E by 4 and 2-fold, respectively, and increased the electronegativity of bacterial surface and affected the bacterial membrane integrity. CONCLUSIONS The results obtained in this study confirmed that antibiotic-resistant bacteria could not develop resistance to aPDT, and HMME-mediated aPDT is an attractive potential treatment for MDR E. coli caused infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miaomiao Zhang
- Department of Pathogenic Microbiology & Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, 76 West Yanta Road, Xi'an, 710061, PR China
| | - Zixin Cui
- Department of Pathogenic Microbiology & Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, 76 West Yanta Road, Xi'an, 710061, PR China; Department of Infection, The First Affiliated Hospital of College of Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University, 277 West Yanta Road, Xi'an, 710061, PR China
| | - Yanli Wang
- The First Hospital of Weinan, 35 East Shengli Street, Weinan, 714000, PR China
| | - Wenpeng Ma
- Department of Pathogenic Microbiology & Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, 76 West Yanta Road, Xi'an, 710061, PR China
| | - Yanhong Ji
- Department of Pathogenic Microbiology & Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, 76 West Yanta Road, Xi'an, 710061, PR China
| | - Feng Ye
- Department of Infection, The First Affiliated Hospital of College of Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University, 277 West Yanta Road, Xi'an, 710061, PR China
| | - Youjun Feng
- Department of Pathogen Biology & Microbiology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, 310058, PR China.
| | - Chengcheng Liu
- Department of Pathogenic Microbiology & Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, 76 West Yanta Road, Xi'an, 710061, PR China.
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Sytar O, Kotta K, Valasiadis D, Kosyan A, Brestic M, Koidou V, Papadopoulou E, Kroustalaki M, Emmanouilidou C, Pashalidis A, Avdikos I, Hilioti Z. The Effects of Photosensitizing Dyes Fagopyrin and Hypericin on Planktonic Growth and Multicellular Life in Budding Yeast. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26164708. [PMID: 34443298 PMCID: PMC8398373 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26164708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2021] [Revised: 07/29/2021] [Accepted: 07/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Naphthodianthrones such as fagopyrin and hypericin found mainly in buckwheat (Fagopyrum spp.) and St. John’s wort (SJW) (Hypericum perforatum L.) are natural photosensitizers inside the cell. The effect of photosensitizers was studied under dark conditions on growth, morphogenesis and induction of death in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Fagopyrin and hypericin induced a biphasic and triphasic dose response in cellular growth, respectively, over a 10-fold concentration change. In fagopyrin-treated cells, disruptions in the normal cell cycle progression were evident by microscopy. DAPI staining revealed several cells that underwent premature mitosis without budding, a striking morphological abnormality. Flow Cytometric (FC) analysis using a concentration of 100 µM showed reduced cell viability by 41% in fagopyrin-treated cells and by 15% in hypericin-treated cells. FC revealed the development of a secondary population of G1 cells in photosensitizer-treated cultures characterized by small size and dense structures. Further, we show that fagopyrin and the closely related hypericin altered the shape and the associated fluorescence of biofilm-like structures. Colonies grown on solid medium containing photosensitizer had restricted growth, while cell-to-cell adherence within the colony was also affected. In conclusion, the photosensitizers under dark conditions affected culture growth, caused toxicity, and disrupted multicellular growth, albeit with different efficiencies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oksana Sytar
- Educational and Scientific Center “Institute of Biology and Medicine”, Department of Plant Biology, Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Volodymyrskya str., 64, 01033 Kyiv, Ukraine; (O.S.); (A.K.)
- Department of Plant Physiology, Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, A. Hlinku 2, 949 01 Nitra, Slovakia;
| | - Konstantia Kotta
- Institute of Applied Biosciences, Centre for Research & Technology Hellas, 6th km Charilaou-Thermi Road, 57001 Thessaloniki, Greece; (K.K.); (D.V.); (V.K.); (E.P.); (M.K.); (C.E.); (A.P.); (I.A.)
| | - Dimitrios Valasiadis
- Institute of Applied Biosciences, Centre for Research & Technology Hellas, 6th km Charilaou-Thermi Road, 57001 Thessaloniki, Greece; (K.K.); (D.V.); (V.K.); (E.P.); (M.K.); (C.E.); (A.P.); (I.A.)
| | - Anatoliy Kosyan
- Educational and Scientific Center “Institute of Biology and Medicine”, Department of Plant Biology, Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Volodymyrskya str., 64, 01033 Kyiv, Ukraine; (O.S.); (A.K.)
| | - Marian Brestic
- Department of Plant Physiology, Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, A. Hlinku 2, 949 01 Nitra, Slovakia;
| | - Venetia Koidou
- Institute of Applied Biosciences, Centre for Research & Technology Hellas, 6th km Charilaou-Thermi Road, 57001 Thessaloniki, Greece; (K.K.); (D.V.); (V.K.); (E.P.); (M.K.); (C.E.); (A.P.); (I.A.)
| | - Eleftheria Papadopoulou
- Institute of Applied Biosciences, Centre for Research & Technology Hellas, 6th km Charilaou-Thermi Road, 57001 Thessaloniki, Greece; (K.K.); (D.V.); (V.K.); (E.P.); (M.K.); (C.E.); (A.P.); (I.A.)
| | - Maria Kroustalaki
- Institute of Applied Biosciences, Centre for Research & Technology Hellas, 6th km Charilaou-Thermi Road, 57001 Thessaloniki, Greece; (K.K.); (D.V.); (V.K.); (E.P.); (M.K.); (C.E.); (A.P.); (I.A.)
| | - Christina Emmanouilidou
- Institute of Applied Biosciences, Centre for Research & Technology Hellas, 6th km Charilaou-Thermi Road, 57001 Thessaloniki, Greece; (K.K.); (D.V.); (V.K.); (E.P.); (M.K.); (C.E.); (A.P.); (I.A.)
| | - Alexandros Pashalidis
- Institute of Applied Biosciences, Centre for Research & Technology Hellas, 6th km Charilaou-Thermi Road, 57001 Thessaloniki, Greece; (K.K.); (D.V.); (V.K.); (E.P.); (M.K.); (C.E.); (A.P.); (I.A.)
| | - Ilias Avdikos
- Institute of Applied Biosciences, Centre for Research & Technology Hellas, 6th km Charilaou-Thermi Road, 57001 Thessaloniki, Greece; (K.K.); (D.V.); (V.K.); (E.P.); (M.K.); (C.E.); (A.P.); (I.A.)
| | - Zoe Hilioti
- Institute of Applied Biosciences, Centre for Research & Technology Hellas, 6th km Charilaou-Thermi Road, 57001 Thessaloniki, Greece; (K.K.); (D.V.); (V.K.); (E.P.); (M.K.); (C.E.); (A.P.); (I.A.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +30-23-1049-8273
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Vera C, Tulli F, Borsarelli CD. Photosensitization With Supramolecular Arrays for Enhanced Antimicrobial Photodynamic Treatments. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2021; 9:655370. [PMID: 34307317 PMCID: PMC8293899 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2021.655370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2021] [Accepted: 05/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Microbial infections represent a silent threat to health that has worsened in recent decades due to microbial resistance to multiple drugs, preventing the fight against infectious diseases. Therefore, the current postantibiotic era forces the search for new microbial control strategies. In this regard, antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) using supramolecular arrays with photosensitizing capabilities showed successful emerging applications. This exciting field makes it possible to combine applied aspects of molecular photochemistry and supramolecular chemistry, together with the development of nano- and biomaterials for the design of multifunctional or "smart" supramolecular photosensitizers (SPS). This minireview aims to collect the concepts of the photosensitization process and supramolecular chemistry applied to the development of efficient applications of aPDT, with a brief discussion of the most recent literature in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Claudio D. Borsarelli
- Instituto de Bionanotecnología del NOA (INBIONATEC), CONICET – Universidad Nacional de Santiago del Estero (UNSE), Santiago del Estero, Argentina
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Ma W, Zhang M, Cui Z, Wang X, Niu X, Zhu Y, Yao Z, Ye F, Geng S, Liu C. Aloe-emodin-mediated antimicrobial photodynamic therapy against dermatophytosis caused by Trichophyton rubrum. Microb Biotechnol 2021; 15:499-512. [PMID: 34165875 PMCID: PMC8867962 DOI: 10.1111/1751-7915.13875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2021] [Revised: 05/31/2021] [Accepted: 06/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Trichophyton rubrum is responsible for the majority of dermatophytosis. Current systemic and topical antifungals against dermatophytosis are often tedious and sometimes unsatisfactory. Antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) is a non‐invasive alternative suitable for the treatment of superficial fungal infections. This work investigated the photodynamic inactivation efficacy and effects of aloe‐emodin (AE), a natural photosensitizer (PS) against T. rubrum microconidia in vitro, and evaluated the treatment effects of AE‐mediated aPDT for T. rubrum‐caused tinea corporis in vivo and tinea unguium ex vivo. The photodynamic antimicrobial efficacy of AE on T. rubrum microconidia was evaluated by MTT assay. The inhibition effect of AE‐mediated aPDT on growth of T. rubrum was studied. Intracellular location of AE, damage induced by AE‐mediated aPDT on cellular structure and surface of microconidia and generation of intracellular ROS were investigated by microscopy and flow cytometry. The therapeutic effects of AE‐mediated aPDT against dermatophytosis were assessed in T. rubrum‐caused tinea corporis guinea pig model and tinea unguium ex vivo model. AE‐mediated aPDT effectively inactivated T. rubrum microconidia in a light energy dose‐dependent manner and exhibited strong inhibitory effect on growth of T. rubrum. Microscope images indicated that AE is mainly targeted to the organelles and caused damage to the cytoplasm of microconidia after irradiation through generation of abundant intracellular ROS. AE‐mediated aPDT demonstrated effective therapeutic effects for T. rubrum‐caused tinea corporis on guinea pig model and tinea unguium in ex vivo model. The results obtained suggest that AE is a potential PS for the photodynamic treatment of dermatophytosis caused by T. rubrum, but its permeability in skin and nails needs to be improved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenpeng Ma
- Department of Pathogenic Microbiology & Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiao Tong University Health Science Center, 76 West Yanta Road, Xi'an, 710061, China.,Clinical Laboratory, The Second Hospital of Weinan, 2 East Chaoyang Street, Weinan, 714000, China
| | - Miaomiao Zhang
- Department of Pathogenic Microbiology & Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiao Tong University Health Science Center, 76 West Yanta Road, Xi'an, 710061, China
| | - Zixin Cui
- Department of Pathogenic Microbiology & Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiao Tong University Health Science Center, 76 West Yanta Road, Xi'an, 710061, China.,Department of Infection, The First Affiliated Hospital of College of Medicine, Xi'an Jiao Tong University, 227 West Yanta Road, Xi'an, 710061, China
| | - Xiaopeng Wang
- Department of Dermatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of College of Medicine, Xi'an Jiao Tong University, 157 Xi Wu Road, Xi'an, 710004, China
| | - Xinwu Niu
- Department of Dermatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of College of Medicine, Xi'an Jiao Tong University, 157 Xi Wu Road, Xi'an, 710004, China
| | - Yanyan Zhu
- Department of Dermatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of College of Medicine, Xi'an Jiao Tong University, 157 Xi Wu Road, Xi'an, 710004, China
| | - Zhihong Yao
- Department of Pathogenic Microbiology & Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiao Tong University Health Science Center, 76 West Yanta Road, Xi'an, 710061, China.,Department of Clinical Medicine, Hanzhong Vocational and Technical College, 81 Zongying Town, Hanzhong, 723002, China
| | - Feng Ye
- Department of Infection, The First Affiliated Hospital of College of Medicine, Xi'an Jiao Tong University, 227 West Yanta Road, Xi'an, 710061, China
| | - Songmei Geng
- Department of Dermatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of College of Medicine, Xi'an Jiao Tong University, 157 Xi Wu Road, Xi'an, 710004, China
| | - Chengcheng Liu
- Department of Pathogenic Microbiology & Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiao Tong University Health Science Center, 76 West Yanta Road, Xi'an, 710061, China
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Maksimchuk P, Hubenko K, Bespalova I, Sorokin A, Borovoy I, Yefimova S. LaF3:Tb3+ − Bengal Rose nanocomplexes for X-ray activated ROS generation. J Mol Liq 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2021.115653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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Openda YI, Nyokong T. Enhanced photo-ablation effect of positively charged phthalocyanines-detonation nanodiamonds nanoplatforms for the suppression of Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli planktonic cells and biofilms. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2021.113200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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