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Yang F, Song H, Tang W, Liu L, Zhu Z, Ouyang B, Zhang L, He G, Qin W. Causal relationship between the gut microbiota, immune cells, and coronary heart disease: a mediated Mendelian randomization analysis. Front Microbiol 2024; 15:1449935. [PMID: 39161605 PMCID: PMC11332803 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1449935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2024] [Accepted: 07/16/2024] [Indexed: 08/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Recent studies have shown that the gut microbiota (GM), immune cells, and coronary heart disease (CHD) are closely related, but the causal nature of these relationships is largely unknown. This study aimed to investigate this causal relationship and reveal the effect of GM and immune cells on the risk of developing CHD using mediated Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis. Methods First, we searched for data related to GM, immune cells, and CHD through published genome-wide association studies (GWAS). We filtered the single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with GM and immune cells and then performed the first MR analysis to identify disease-associated intestinal bacteria and disease-associated immune cells. Subsequently, three MR analyses were conducted: from disease-associated GM to disease-associated immune cells, from disease-associated immune cells to CHD, and from disease-associated GM to CHD. Each MR analysis was conducted using inverse variance weighting (IVW), MR-Egger regression, weighted median, weighted models, and simple models. Results A total of six GM and 25 immune cells were found to be associated with CHD. In the MR analysis using the inverse variance weighting (IVW) method, g__Desulfovibrio.s__Desulfovibrio_piger was associated with EM DN (CD4-CD8-) %T cells (P < 0.05 and OR > 1), EM DN (CD4-CD8-) %T cells was associated with CHD (P < 0.05 and OR < 1), and g__Desulfovibrio.s__Desulfovibrio_piger was associated with CHD (P < 0.05 and OR < 1). Conclusion An increase in the abundance of g__Desulfovibrio.s__Desulfovibrio_piger leads to an increase in the amount of EM DN (CD4-CD8-) %T cells, and an increase in the amount of EM DN (CD4-CD8-) %T cells reduces the risk of developing CHD. Our study provides some references for reducing the incidence of CHD by regulating GM and immune cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feifei Yang
- Graduate School of Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, China
| | - Hui Song
- Graduate School of Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, China
| | - Weizhi Tang
- Graduate School of Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, China
| | - Lingyun Liu
- Graduate School of Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, China
| | - Ziyi Zhu
- Graduate School of Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, China
| | - Bin Ouyang
- Graduate School of Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, China
| | - Liwen Zhang
- Graduate School of Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, China
| | - Guixin He
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, China
| | - Weibin Qin
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, China
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Miao T, Zhang X, Zhang C, Wu J, Zhu Y, Xiao M, Zhang N, Zhong Y, Liu Y, Lin Y, Wu Y, Li W, Song C, Liu Y, Wang X. Type 3 resistant starch from Canna edulis reduce lipid levels in patients with mild hyperlipidemia through altering gut microbiome: A double- blind randomized controlled trial. Pharmacol Res 2024; 205:107232. [PMID: 38825157 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2024.107232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2024] [Revised: 05/14/2024] [Accepted: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 06/04/2024]
Abstract
Type 3 resistant starch from Canna edulis (Ce-RS3) is an insoluble dietary fiber which could improve blood lipids in animals, but clinically robust evidence is still lacking. We performed a double-blind randomized controlled trial to assess the effects of Ce-RS3 on lipids in mild hyperlipidemia. One hundred and fifteen patients were included followed the recruitment criteria, and were randomly allocated to receive Ce-RS3 or placebo (native starch from Canna edulis) for 12 weeks (20 g/day). In addition to serum lipids, complete blood counts, serum inflammatory factors, antioxidant indexes, and dietary survey, 16 S rRNA sequencing technique was utilized to analyze the gut microbiota alterations. Targeted quantitative metabolomics (TQM) was used to detect metabolite changes. Compared with the placebo, Ce- RS3 significantly decreased levels of total cholesterol, lowdensity lipoprotein cholesterol, and non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and increased the glutathione peroxidase. Based on the 16 S rRNA sequencing, TQM, the correlation analysis, as well as the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes (KEGG) and Genomes and Human Metabolome Database (HMDB) analysis, we found that Ce-RS3 could increase the abundances of genera Faecalibacterium and Agathobacter, while reduce the abundances of genera norank_f_Ruminococcaceae and Christensenellaceae_R-7_ group to regulate phenylalanine metabolism, which could reduce the fatty acid biosynthesis and fatty acid elongation in the mitochondria to lower blood lipids. Conclusively, we firstly confirmed the feasibility of Ce-RS3 for clinical application, which presents a novel, effective therapy for the mild hyperlipidemia. (Chictr. org. cn. Clinical study on anti-mild hyperlipidemia of Canna edulis RS3 resistant starch, ID Number: ChiCTR2200062871).
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Miao
- School of Chinese Meteria Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 102488, China
| | - Xinsheng Zhang
- The First Medical Center of PLA General Hospital of China, Beijing 100089, China
| | - Caijuan Zhang
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Jiahui Wu
- School of Chinese Meteria Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 102488, China
| | - Yingli Zhu
- School of Chinese Meteria Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 102488, China
| | - Maochun Xiao
- School of Chinese Meteria Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 102488, China
| | - Nan Zhang
- School of Chinese Meteria Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 102488, China
| | - Yucheng Zhong
- School of Chinese Meteria Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 102488, China
| | - Yu Liu
- School of Chinese Meteria Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 102488, China
| | - Yasi Lin
- School of Chinese Meteria Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 102488, China
| | - Yuanhua Wu
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guizhou 550001, China
| | - Wenmao Li
- Qianxinan Autonomous Prefecture Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xingyi 562400, China
| | - Chunying Song
- Qianxinan Autonomous Prefecture Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xingyi 562400, China
| | - Yinghua Liu
- The First Medical Center of PLA General Hospital of China, Beijing 100089, China.
| | - Xueyong Wang
- School of Chinese Meteria Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 102488, China.
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Tao M, Cao K, Pu X, Hou Y, He L, Liu W, Ren Y, Yang X. Cadmium exposure induces changes in gut microbial composition and metabolic function in long-tailed dwarf hamsters, Cricetulus longicaudatus. Ecol Evol 2024; 14:e11682. [PMID: 38966245 PMCID: PMC11222731 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.11682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2024] [Revised: 05/30/2024] [Accepted: 06/19/2024] [Indexed: 07/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Numerous studies have demonstrated that exposure to cadmium disrupts the diversity and composition of the gut microbiota, resulting in damage to organ tissue. However, there remains a lack of comprehensive understanding regarding the broader ecological reality associated with this phenomenon. In this study, we conducted a thorough evaluation of the effects of different concentrations of Cd (6, 12, 24, and 48 mg/L) over a period of 35 consecutive days on the organ viscera and the gut microbiota of long-tailed dwarf hamsters, Cricetulus longicaudatus (Rodentia: Cricetidae), using histopathological analysis, 16S rDNA, and metagenome sequencing. Our findings revealed that the results suggest that Cd exposure induced liver, spleen, and kidney damage, potentially leading to increased intestinal permeability and inflammation. These alterations were accompanied by significant perturbations in the gut microbiota composition, particularly affecting potentially pathogenic bacteria such as Prevotella and Treponema within the gut ecosystem. Consequently, host susceptibility to underlying diseases was heightened due to these changes. Notably though, Cd exposure did not significantly impact the overall structure of the gut microbiota itself. Additionally, Cd exposure induced significant changes in the metabolic functions, with the pathways related to disease and environmental information processing notably enhanced, possibly indicating stronger innate defense mechanisms against external injuries among wild mammals exposed to Cd. This study offers a novel approach to comprehensively evaluate the significant impact of Cd pollution on ecosystems by investigating both structural and functional alterations in the digestive system, as well as disruptions in intestinal flora among wild mammals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengfan Tao
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management in Agriculture, College of Plant ProtectionShanxi Agricultural UniversityTaiyuanChina
| | - Kanglin Cao
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management in Agriculture, College of Plant ProtectionShanxi Agricultural UniversityTaiyuanChina
| | - Xinsheng Pu
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management in Agriculture, College of Plant ProtectionShanxi Agricultural UniversityTaiyuanChina
| | - Yu Hou
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management in Agriculture, College of Plant ProtectionShanxi Agricultural UniversityTaiyuanChina
| | - Lei He
- Shanxi Forestry and Grassland General Engineering StationTaiyuanChina
| | - Wei Liu
- Shanxi Forestry and Grassland General Engineering StationTaiyuanChina
| | - Yue Ren
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management in Agriculture, College of Plant ProtectionShanxi Agricultural UniversityTaiyuanChina
| | - Xin'gen Yang
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management in Agriculture, College of Plant ProtectionShanxi Agricultural UniversityTaiyuanChina
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Singar S, Kadyan S, Patoine C, Park G, Arjmandi B, Nagpal R. The Effects of Almond Consumption on Cardiovascular Health and Gut Microbiome: A Comprehensive Review. Nutrients 2024; 16:1964. [PMID: 38931317 PMCID: PMC11207051 DOI: 10.3390/nu16121964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2024] [Revised: 06/13/2024] [Accepted: 06/16/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The consumption of almonds has been associated with several health benefits, particularly concerning cardiovascular and intestinal health. In this comprehensive review, we compile and deliberate studies investigating the effects of almond consumption on cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors and gut health. Almonds are rich in monounsaturated fats, fiber, vitamins, minerals, and polyphenols, which contribute to their health-promoting properties. Regular intake of almonds has been shown to improve lipid profiles by reducing LDL cholesterol and enhancing HDL functionality. Additionally, almonds aid in glycemic control, blood pressure reduction, and chronic inflammation amelioration, which are critical for cardiovascular health. The antioxidant properties of almonds, primarily due to their high vitamin E content, help in reducing oxidative stress markers. Furthermore, almonds positively influence body composition by reducing body fat percentage and central adiposity and enhancing satiety, thus aiding in weight management. Herein, we also contemplate the emerging concept of the gut-heart axis, where almond consumption appears to modulate the gut microbiome, promoting the growth of beneficial bacteria and increasing short-chain fatty acid production, particularly butyrate. These effects collectively contribute to the anti-inflammatory and cardioprotective benefits of almonds. By encompassing these diverse aspects, we eventually provide a systematic and updated perspective on the multifaceted benefits of almond consumption for cardiovascular health and gut microbiome, corroborating their broader consideration in dietary guidelines and public health recommendations for CVD risk reduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saiful Singar
- The Gut Biome Lab, Department of Health, Nutrition, and Food Sciences, College of Education, Health, and Human Sciences, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32304, USA; (S.S.); (S.K.); (C.P.); (G.P.)
- Center for Advancing Exercise and Nutrition Research on Aging, Department of Health, Nutrition, and Food Sciences, College of Education, Health, and Human Sciences, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32304, USA
| | - Saurabh Kadyan
- The Gut Biome Lab, Department of Health, Nutrition, and Food Sciences, College of Education, Health, and Human Sciences, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32304, USA; (S.S.); (S.K.); (C.P.); (G.P.)
| | - Cole Patoine
- The Gut Biome Lab, Department of Health, Nutrition, and Food Sciences, College of Education, Health, and Human Sciences, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32304, USA; (S.S.); (S.K.); (C.P.); (G.P.)
| | - Gwoncheol Park
- The Gut Biome Lab, Department of Health, Nutrition, and Food Sciences, College of Education, Health, and Human Sciences, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32304, USA; (S.S.); (S.K.); (C.P.); (G.P.)
| | - Bahram Arjmandi
- Center for Advancing Exercise and Nutrition Research on Aging, Department of Health, Nutrition, and Food Sciences, College of Education, Health, and Human Sciences, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32304, USA
| | - Ravinder Nagpal
- The Gut Biome Lab, Department of Health, Nutrition, and Food Sciences, College of Education, Health, and Human Sciences, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32304, USA; (S.S.); (S.K.); (C.P.); (G.P.)
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Yang HT, Jiang ZH, Yang Y, Wu TT, Zheng YY, Ma YT, Xie X. Faecalibacterium prausnitzii as a potential Antiatherosclerotic microbe. Cell Commun Signal 2024; 22:54. [PMID: 38243314 PMCID: PMC10797727 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-023-01464-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/21/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The gut microbiota plays a crucial role in coronary artery disease (CAD) development, but limited attention has been given to the role of the microbiota in preventing this disease. This study aimed to identify key biomarkers using metagenomics and untargeted metabolomics and verify their associations with atherosclerosis. METHODS A total of 371 participants, including individuals with various CAD types and CAD-free controls, were enrolled. Subsequently, significant markers were identified in the stool samples through gut metagenomic sequencing and untargeted metabolomics. In vivo and in vitro experiments were performed to investigate the mechanisms underlying the association between these markers and atherosclerosis. RESULTS Faecal omics sequencing revealed that individuals with a substantial presence of Faecalibacterium prausnitzii had the lowest incidence of CAD across diverse CAD groups and control subjects. A random forest model confirmed the significant relationship between F. prausnitzii and CAD incidence. Notably, F. prausnitzii emerged as a robust, independent CAD predictor. Furthermore, our findings indicated the potential of the gut microbiota and gut metabolites to predict CAD occurrence and progression, potentially impacting amino acid and vitamin metabolism. F. prausnitzii mitigated inflammation and exhibited an antiatherosclerotic effect on ApoE-/- mice after gavage. This effect was attributed to reduced intestinal LPS synthesis and reinforced mechanical and mucosal barriers, leading to decreased plasma LPS levels and an antiatherosclerotic outcome. CONCLUSIONS Sequencing of the samples revealed a previously unknown link between specific gut microbiota and atherosclerosis. Treatment with F. prausnitzii may help prevent CAD by inhibiting atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai-Tao Yang
- Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, No.137, Liyushan Road, Urumqi, 830011, China
| | - Zhi-Hui Jiang
- Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, No.137, Liyushan Road, Urumqi, 830011, China
| | - Yi Yang
- Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, No.137, Liyushan Road, Urumqi, 830011, China
| | - Ting-Ting Wu
- Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, No.137, Liyushan Road, Urumqi, 830011, China
| | - Ying-Ying Zheng
- Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, No.137, Liyushan Road, Urumqi, 830011, China.
| | - Yi-Tong Ma
- Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, No.137, Liyushan Road, Urumqi, 830011, China.
| | - Xiang Xie
- Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, No.137, Liyushan Road, Urumqi, 830011, China.
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Hamjane N, Mechita MB, Nourouti NG, Barakat A. Gut microbiota dysbiosis -associated obesity and its involvement in cardiovascular diseases and type 2 diabetes. A systematic review. Microvasc Res 2024; 151:104601. [PMID: 37690507 DOI: 10.1016/j.mvr.2023.104601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Revised: 08/24/2023] [Accepted: 09/02/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Obesity is a complex, multifactorial disease caused by various factors. Recently, the role of the gut microbiota in the development of obesity and its complications has attracted increasing interest. PURPOSE This article focuses on the mechanisms by which gut microbiota dysbiosis induces insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes, and cardiovascular diseases linked to obesity, highlighting the mechanisms explaining the role of gut microbiota dysbiosis-associated inflammation in the onset of these pathologies. METHODS A systematic study was carried out to understand and summarize the published results on this topic. More than 150 articles were included in this search, including different types of studies, consulted by an online search in English using various electronic search databases and predefined keywords related to the objectives of our study. RESULTS We have summarized the data from the articles consulted in this search, and we have found a major gut microbiota alteration in obesity, characterized by a specific decrease in butyrate-producing bacteria and the production of metabolites and components that lead to metabolic impairments and affect the progression of various diseases associated with obesity through distinct signaling pathways, including insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes, and cardiovascular diseases (CVD). We have also focused on the major role of inflammation as a link between gut microbiota dysbiosis and obesity-associated metabolic complications by explaining the mechanisms involved. CONCLUSION Gut microbiota dysbiosis plays a crucial role in the development of various obesity-related metabolic abnormalities, among them type 2 diabetes and CVD, and represents a major challenge for chronic disease prevention and health. Indeed, the intestinal microbiota appears to be a promising target for the nutritional or therapeutic management of these diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadia Hamjane
- Research Team in Biomedical Genomics and Oncogenetics, Faculty of Sciences and Technology of Tangier, Abdelmalek Essaadi University, Morocco.
| | - Mohcine Bennani Mechita
- Research Team in Biomedical Genomics and Oncogenetics, Faculty of Sciences and Technology of Tangier, Abdelmalek Essaadi University, Morocco
| | - Naima Ghailani Nourouti
- Research Team in Biomedical Genomics and Oncogenetics, Faculty of Sciences and Technology of Tangier, Abdelmalek Essaadi University, Morocco
| | - Amina Barakat
- Research Team in Biomedical Genomics and Oncogenetics, Faculty of Sciences and Technology of Tangier, Abdelmalek Essaadi University, Morocco
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Ribeiro PVDM, Veloso TG, de Oliveira LL, Mendes NP, Alfenas RDCG. Consumption of yacon flour and energy-restricted diet increased the relative abundance of intestinal bacteria in obese adults. Braz J Microbiol 2023; 54:3085-3099. [PMID: 37807018 PMCID: PMC10689717 DOI: 10.1007/s42770-023-01140-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Prebiotics can alter the gastrointestinal environment, favoring the growth of health-promoting bacteria. Although yacon is a functional food, with prebiotic properties (fructooligosaccharides), its effects on the intestinal microbiota have not been investigated yet. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of yacon flour consumption and energy-restricted diet in the intestinal microbiota in adults with excess body weight. Twenty-one adults with excess body weight were included in this randomized, parallel, double-blind, placebo-controlled, 6-week clinical trial. Subjects daily consumed at breakfast a drink containing 25 g of yacon flour (n = 11) or not containing yacon (n = 10) and received the prescription of energy-restricted diets. Fecal samples were collected on the first and on last day of the study. 16S rRNA sequencing was assessed to evaluate the effect of yacon fermentation on intestinal microbiota bacterial composition. There was an increase in the genera Bifidobacterium, Blautia, Subdoligranulum, and Streptococcus after the consumption of yacon and energy-restricted diet. In the yacon group, we also observed a positive correlation between the concentrations of short-chain fatty acids versus the genera Coprococcus and Howardella, besides a negative correlation between the concentrations of advanced glycation end products and early glycation products versus the genera Ruminococcus and Prevotella, respectively. Consumption of yacon flour and energy-restricted diet selectively changed the intestinal microbiota composition in adults with excess body weight. TRIAL REGISTRATION: Register number: RBR-6YH6BQ. Registered 23 January, 2018.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priscila Vaz de Melo Ribeiro
- Department of Nutrition and Health, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Avenida Peter Henry Rolfs, s/n, Campus Universitário, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, 36570-900, Brazil
| | - Tomas Gomes Veloso
- Department of Microbiology, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Avenida Peter Henry Rolfs, s/n, Campus Universitário, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, 36570-900, Brazil
| | - Leandro Licursi de Oliveira
- Department of General Biology, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Avenida Peter Henry Rolfs, s/n, Campus Universitário, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, 36570-900, Brazil
| | - Nélia Pinheiro Mendes
- Department of Nutrition and Health, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Avenida Peter Henry Rolfs, s/n, Campus Universitário, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, 36570-900, Brazil.
| | - Rita de Cássia Gonçalves Alfenas
- Department of Nutrition and Health, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Avenida Peter Henry Rolfs, s/n, Campus Universitário, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, 36570-900, Brazil
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Dean YE, Rouzan SS, Loayza Pintado JJ, Talat NE, Mohamed ARH, Verma S, Anwar Kamdi Z, Gir D, Helmy A, Helmy Z, Afzal A, Mady T, Hazimeh Y, Aiash H. Serum trimethylamine N-oxide levels among coronary artery disease and acute coronary syndrome patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Ann Med Surg (Lond) 2023; 85:6123-6133. [PMID: 38098555 PMCID: PMC10718322 DOI: 10.1097/ms9.0000000000001426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Background and Aim Recent studies have linked trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO) to cardiovascular diseases; our study aimed to analyze the association between coronary artery disease (CAD), acute coronary syndrome (ACS), and TMAO. Methods PubMed, Scopus, Embase, and Web of Science were searched using terms such as 'CAD' and 'TMAO'. Only observational controlled studies were included. RevMan software version 5.4 was used for the analysis. Results A significant association was found between the CAD group and increased serum TMAO levels compared with the control group (MD=1.16, 95% CI=0.54-1.78, P=0.0003). This association remained significant among acute coronary syndrome patients (MD=0.98, 95% CI=0.73-1.23, P<0.00001) and was also detected among young and old CAD patients (MD=0.35, 95% CI=0.06-0.64, P=0.02 and MD=1.36, 95% CI=0.71-2.01, P<0.0001, respectively). On further analysis of intestinal metabolites, the authors detected an insignificant association between choline, betaine, carnitine, and CAD. According to our sensitivity analysis, TMAO is an acceptable diagnostic marker for CAD (0.721, SE was 0.0816, 95% CI: 0.561-0.881). Conclusion TMAO is an acceptable diagnostic marker for CAD, with significantly higher levels among these patients regardless of their age. Other metabolites did not show such an association. The role of serum level TMAO in the early diagnosis of CAD should be further explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yomna E. Dean
- Alexandria University, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria
- Alexandria Medical Center (AMC)
| | | | | | | | | | - Suman Verma
- Maharishi Markandeshwar Medical College and Hospital, Solan, India
| | | | - Deepak Gir
- St. Joseph’s Medical Center, Stockton, CA, USA
| | - Ahmed Helmy
- Kharkiv National Medical University, Kharkiv, Ukraine
| | - Zakaria Helmy
- 6th October University, Faculty of Medicine, Giza, Egypt
| | - Ahson Afzal
- Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Tamer Mady
- International American University, College of Medicine, Saint Lucia, Caribbean
| | - Yusef Hazimeh
- Lebanese University
- Zahraa Hospital, University Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Hani Aiash
- 6th October University, Faculty of Medicine, Giza, Egypt
- SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse
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Widjaja F, Rietjens IMCM. From-Toilet-to-Freezer: A Review on Requirements for an Automatic Protocol to Collect and Store Human Fecal Samples for Research Purposes. Biomedicines 2023; 11:2658. [PMID: 37893032 PMCID: PMC10603957 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11102658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Revised: 09/22/2023] [Accepted: 09/24/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The composition, viability and metabolic functionality of intestinal microbiota play an important role in human health and disease. Studies on intestinal microbiota are often based on fecal samples, because these can be sampled in a non-invasive way, although procedures for sampling, processing and storage vary. This review presents factors to consider when developing an automated protocol for sampling, processing and storing fecal samples: donor inclusion criteria, urine-feces separation in smart toilets, homogenization, aliquoting, usage or type of buffer to dissolve and store fecal material, temperature and time for processing and storage and quality control. The lack of standardization and low-throughput of state-of-the-art fecal collection procedures promote a more automated protocol. Based on this review, an automated protocol is proposed. Fecal samples should be collected and immediately processed under anaerobic conditions at either room temperature (RT) for a maximum of 4 h or at 4 °C for no more than 24 h. Upon homogenization, preferably in the absence of added solvent to allow addition of a buffer of choice at a later stage, aliquots obtained should be stored at either -20 °C for up to a few months or -80 °C for a longer period-up to 2 years. Protocols for quality control should characterize microbial composition and viability as well as metabolic functionality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frances Widjaja
- Division of Toxicology, Wageningen University & Research, 6708 WE Wageningen, The Netherlands;
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Hemmati M, Kashanipoor S, Mazaheri P, Alibabaei F, Babaeizad A, Asli S, Mohammadi S, Gorgin AH, Ghods K, Yousefi B, Eslami M. Importance of gut microbiota metabolites in the development of cardiovascular diseases (CVD). Life Sci 2023; 329:121947. [PMID: 37463653 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2023.121947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Revised: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 07/14/2023] [Indexed: 07/20/2023]
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) remains the most common cause of death worldwide and has become a public health concern. The proven notable risk factors for CVD are atherosclerosis, hypertension, diabetes, dyslipidemia, inflammation, and some genetic defects. However, research has shown a correlation between metabolic health, gut microbiota, and dietary risk factors. The gut microbiota makes an important contribution to human functional metabolic pathways by contributing enzymes that are not encoded by the human genome, for instance, the breakdown of polysaccharides, polyphenols and vitamins synthesis. TMAO and SCFAs, human gut microbiota compounds, have respective immunomodulatory and pro-inflammatory effects. Choline and l-carnitine are abundant in high-fat diets and are transformed into TMA by gut bacteria. The liver's phase of metabolism then changes TMA into TMAO. In turn, TMAO promotes the activation of macrophages, damages vascular endothelium, and results in CVD-however, dysbiosis decreases SCFAs and bile acids, which raises intestinal permeability. Congestion in the portal vein, a drop in cardiac output, a reduction in intestinal perfusion, and intestinal leakage are all caused by heart failure. These factors induce systemic inflammation by increasing intestinal leakage. By raising CRP and pro-inflammatory reactions, human gut dysbiosis and elevated TMAO levels promote the development of arterial plaque, hasten the beginning of atherosclerosis, and raise the risk of CAD. A healthy symbiosis between the gut microbiota and host is a key factor in shaping the biochemical profile of the diet, therefore which are crucial for maintaining the intestinal epithelial barrier, growing mucosa, reducing inflammation, and controlling blood pressure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Hemmati
- Faculty of Medicine, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran
| | | | - Payman Mazaheri
- Faculty of Medicine, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran
| | - Farnaz Alibabaei
- Faculty of Medicine, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran
| | - Ali Babaeizad
- Faculty of Medicine, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran
| | - Shima Asli
- Faculty of Medicine, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran
| | - Sina Mohammadi
- Faculty of Medicine, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran
| | - Amir Hosein Gorgin
- Faculty of Medicine, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran
| | - Kamran Ghods
- Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran
| | - Bahman Yousefi
- Cancer Research Center, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran.
| | - Majid Eslami
- Department of Bacteriology and Virology, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran.
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11
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Haș IM, Tit DM, Bungau SG, Pavel FM, Teleky BE, Vodnar DC, Vesa CM. Cardiometabolic Risk: Characteristics of the Intestinal Microbiome and the Role of Polyphenols. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:13757. [PMID: 37762062 PMCID: PMC10531333 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241813757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Revised: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiometabolic diseases like hypertension, type 2 diabetes mellitus, atherosclerosis, and obesity have been associated with changes in the gut microbiota structure, or dysbiosis. The beneficial effect of polyphenols on reducing the incidence of this chronic disease has been confirmed by numerous studies. Polyphenols are primarily known for their anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties, but they can also modify the gut microbiota. According to recent research, polyphenols positively influence the gut microbiota, which regulates metabolic responses and reduces systemic inflammation. This review emphasizes the prebiotic role of polyphenols and their impact on specific gut microbiota components in patients at cardiometabolic risk. It also analyzes the most recent research on the positive effects of polyphenols on cardiometabolic health. While numerous in vitro and in vivo studies have shown the interaction involving polyphenols and gut microbiota, additional clinical investigations are required to assess this effect in people.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ioana Mariana Haș
- Doctoral School of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, University of Oradea, 410087 Oradea, Romania; (I.M.H.); (F.M.P.); (C.M.V.)
| | - Delia Mirela Tit
- Doctoral School of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, University of Oradea, 410087 Oradea, Romania; (I.M.H.); (F.M.P.); (C.M.V.)
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, 410028 Oradea, Romania
| | - Simona Gabriela Bungau
- Doctoral School of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, University of Oradea, 410087 Oradea, Romania; (I.M.H.); (F.M.P.); (C.M.V.)
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, 410028 Oradea, Romania
| | - Flavia Maria Pavel
- Doctoral School of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, University of Oradea, 410087 Oradea, Romania; (I.M.H.); (F.M.P.); (C.M.V.)
| | - Bernadette-Emoke Teleky
- Institute of Life Sciences, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (B.-E.T.); (D.C.V.)
- Department of Food Science and Technology, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Dan Cristian Vodnar
- Institute of Life Sciences, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (B.-E.T.); (D.C.V.)
- Department of Food Science and Technology, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Cosmin Mihai Vesa
- Doctoral School of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, University of Oradea, 410087 Oradea, Romania; (I.M.H.); (F.M.P.); (C.M.V.)
- Department of Preclinical Disciplines, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, 410073 Oradea, Romania
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12
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Ismail HM, Spall M, Evans-Molina C, DiMeglio LA. Evaluating the effect of prebiotics on the gut microbiome profile and β cell function in youth with newly diagnosed type 1 diabetes: protocol of a pilot randomized controlled trial. Pilot Feasibility Stud 2023; 9:150. [PMID: 37626387 PMCID: PMC10463339 DOI: 10.1186/s40814-023-01373-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2022] [Accepted: 08/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Data show that disturbances in the gut microbiota play a role in glucose homeostasis, type 1 diabetes (T1D) risk and progression. The prebiotic high amylose maize starch (HAMS) alters the gut microbiome profile and metabolites favorably with an increase in bacteria producing short chain fatty acids (SCFAs) that have significant anti-inflammatory effects. HAMS also improves glycemia, insulin sensitivity, and secretion in healthy non-diabetic adults. Additionally, a recent study testing an acetylated and butyrylated form of HAMS (HAMS-AB) that further increases SCFA production prevented T1D in a rodent model without adverse safety effects. The overall objective of this human study will be to assess how daily HAMS-AB consumption impacts the gut microbiome profile, SCFA production, β cell heath, function, and glycemia as well as immune responses in newly diagnosed T1D youth. METHODS AND ANALYSIS We hypothesize that HAMS-AB intake will improve the gut microbiome profile, increase SCFA production, improve β cell health, function and glycemia as well as modulate the immune system. We describe here a pilot, randomized crossover trial of HAMS-AB in 12 newly diagnosed T1D youth, ages 11-17 years old, with residual β cell function. In Aim 1, we will determine the effect of HAMS-AB on the gut microbiome profile and SCFA production; in Aim 2, we will determine the effect of HAMS-AB on β cell health, function and glycemia; and in Aim 3, we will determine the peripheral blood effect of HAMS-AB on frequency, phenotype and function of specific T cell markers. Results will be used to determine the effect-size estimate of using HAMS-AB. We anticipate beneficial effects from a simple, inexpensive, and safe dietary approach. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION The Institutional Review Board at Indiana University approved the study protocol. The findings of this trial will be submitted to a peer-reviewed pediatric journal. Abstracts will be submitted to relevant national and international conferences. TRIAL REGISTRATION NCT04114357; Pre-results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heba M Ismail
- Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University School of Medicine, 635 Barnhill Drive | MS 2053, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA.
| | - Maria Spall
- Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University School of Medicine, 635 Barnhill Drive | MS 2053, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
| | - Carmella Evans-Molina
- Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Linda A DiMeglio
- Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University School of Medicine, 635 Barnhill Drive | MS 2053, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
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13
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Sánchez-Quintero MJ, Delgado J, Martín Chaves L, Medina-Vera D, Murri M, Becerra-Muñoz VM, Estévez M, Crespo-Leiro MG, Paz López G, González-Jiménez A, A. G. Ranea J, Queipo-Ortuño MI, Plaza-Andrades I, Rodríguez-Capitán J, Pavón-Morón FJ, Jiménez-Navarro MF. Multi-Omics Approach Reveals Prebiotic and Potential Antioxidant Effects of Essential Oils from the Mediterranean Diet on Cardiometabolic Disorder Using Humanized Gnotobiotic Mice. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:1643. [PMID: 37627638 PMCID: PMC10451832 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12081643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Revised: 08/14/2023] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Essential oils sourced from herbs commonly used in the Mediterranean diet have demonstrated advantageous attributes as nutraceuticals and prebiotics within a model of severe cardiometabolic disorder. The primary objective of this study was to assess the influences exerted by essential oils derived from thyme (Thymus vulgaris) and oregano (Origanum vulgare) via a comprehensive multi-omics approach within a gnotobiotic murine model featuring colonic microbiota acquired from patients diagnosed with coronary artery disease (CAD) and type-2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Our findings demonstrated prebiotic and potential antioxidant effects elicited by these essential oils. We observed a substantial increase in the relative abundance of the Lactobacillus genus in the gut microbiota, accompanied by higher levels of short-chain fatty acids and a reduction in trimethylamine N-oxide levels and protein oxidation in the plasma. Moreover, functional enrichment analysis of the cardiac tissue proteome unveiled an over-representation of pathways related to mitochondrial function, oxidative stress, and cardiac contraction. These findings provide compelling evidence of the prebiotic and antioxidant actions of thyme- and oregano-derived essential oils, which extend to cardiac function. These results encourage further investigation into the promising utility of essential oils derived from herbs commonly used in the Mediterranean diet as potential nutraceutical interventions for mitigating chronic diseases linked to CAD and T2DM.
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Grants
- PI-0170-2018, PI-0131/2020, and PI-0245-2021 Consejería de Salud y Familias-Junta de Andalucía and European Regional Development Funds/European Social Fund
- UMA20-FEDERJA-074 Universidad de Málaga, Consejería de Economía, Conocimiento, Empresas y Universidad-Junta de Andalucía and ERDF/ESF
- ProyExcel_01009 Consejería de Transformación Económica, Industria, Conocimiento y Universidades-Junta de Andalucía and ERDF/ESF
- SEC/FEC-INV-BAS 23 Sociedad Española de Cardiología and Fundación Andaluza de Cardiología
- PT20/00101 Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación-Gobierno de España
- CB16/11/00360 CIBERCV-Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación-Gobierno de España and ERDF/ESF
- Q-2918001-E Cátedra de Terapias Avanzadas en Patología Cardiovascular, Universidad de Málaga
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Affiliation(s)
- María José Sánchez-Quintero
- Biomedical Research Institute of Malaga and Nanomedicine Platform (IBIMA Plataforma BIONAND), 29590 Málaga, Spain; (M.J.S.-Q.); (L.M.C.); (D.M.-V.); (M.M.); (V.M.B.-M.); (M.I.Q.-O.); (I.P.-A.); (M.F.J.-N.)
- Heart Area, Hospital Universitario Virgen de la Victoria, 29010 Málaga, Spain
- Biomedical Research Network Center for Cardiovascular Diseases (CIBERCV), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Josué Delgado
- Higiene y Salud Alimentaria, Faculty of Veterinary, University of Extremadura, 10003 Cáceres, Spain;
- Instituto Universitario de Investigación de Carne y Productos Cárnicos (IPROCAR), University of Extremadura, 10003 Cáceres, Spain;
| | - Laura Martín Chaves
- Biomedical Research Institute of Malaga and Nanomedicine Platform (IBIMA Plataforma BIONAND), 29590 Málaga, Spain; (M.J.S.-Q.); (L.M.C.); (D.M.-V.); (M.M.); (V.M.B.-M.); (M.I.Q.-O.); (I.P.-A.); (M.F.J.-N.)
- Heart Area, Hospital Universitario Virgen de la Victoria, 29010 Málaga, Spain
- Department of Dermatology and Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Málaga, 29010 Málaga, Spain
| | - Dina Medina-Vera
- Biomedical Research Institute of Malaga and Nanomedicine Platform (IBIMA Plataforma BIONAND), 29590 Málaga, Spain; (M.J.S.-Q.); (L.M.C.); (D.M.-V.); (M.M.); (V.M.B.-M.); (M.I.Q.-O.); (I.P.-A.); (M.F.J.-N.)
- Heart Area, Hospital Universitario Virgen de la Victoria, 29010 Málaga, Spain
- Biomedical Research Network Center for Cardiovascular Diseases (CIBERCV), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain;
- Department of Dermatology and Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Málaga, 29010 Málaga, Spain
- Clinical Management Unit of Mental Health, Hospital Regional Universitario de Málaga, 29010 Málaga, Spain
| | - Mora Murri
- Biomedical Research Institute of Malaga and Nanomedicine Platform (IBIMA Plataforma BIONAND), 29590 Málaga, Spain; (M.J.S.-Q.); (L.M.C.); (D.M.-V.); (M.M.); (V.M.B.-M.); (M.I.Q.-O.); (I.P.-A.); (M.F.J.-N.)
- Heart Area, Hospital Universitario Virgen de la Victoria, 29010 Málaga, Spain
- Clinical Management Unit of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Hospital Universitario Virgen de la Victoria, 29010 Málaga, Spain
- Biomedical Research Network Center for the Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Víctor M. Becerra-Muñoz
- Biomedical Research Institute of Malaga and Nanomedicine Platform (IBIMA Plataforma BIONAND), 29590 Málaga, Spain; (M.J.S.-Q.); (L.M.C.); (D.M.-V.); (M.M.); (V.M.B.-M.); (M.I.Q.-O.); (I.P.-A.); (M.F.J.-N.)
- Heart Area, Hospital Universitario Virgen de la Victoria, 29010 Málaga, Spain
- Biomedical Research Network Center for Cardiovascular Diseases (CIBERCV), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Mario Estévez
- Instituto Universitario de Investigación de Carne y Productos Cárnicos (IPROCAR), University of Extremadura, 10003 Cáceres, Spain;
| | - María G. Crespo-Leiro
- Biomedical Research Network Center for Cardiovascular Diseases (CIBERCV), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain;
- Service of Cardiology, Complexo Hospitalario Universitario A Coruña (CHUAC), University of A Coruña, Instituto Investigación Biomédica A Coruña (INIBIC), 15006 A Coruña, Spain
| | - Guillermo Paz López
- Bioinformatics, Common Support Structures (ECAI), IBIMA Plataforma BIONAND, 29590 Málaga, Spain; (G.P.L.); (A.G.-J.); (J.A.G.R.)
| | - Andrés González-Jiménez
- Bioinformatics, Common Support Structures (ECAI), IBIMA Plataforma BIONAND, 29590 Málaga, Spain; (G.P.L.); (A.G.-J.); (J.A.G.R.)
| | - Juan A. G. Ranea
- Bioinformatics, Common Support Structures (ECAI), IBIMA Plataforma BIONAND, 29590 Málaga, Spain; (G.P.L.); (A.G.-J.); (J.A.G.R.)
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Málaga, 29010 Málaga, Spain
- CIBER of Rare Diseases (CIBERER), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - María Isabel Queipo-Ortuño
- Biomedical Research Institute of Malaga and Nanomedicine Platform (IBIMA Plataforma BIONAND), 29590 Málaga, Spain; (M.J.S.-Q.); (L.M.C.); (D.M.-V.); (M.M.); (V.M.B.-M.); (M.I.Q.-O.); (I.P.-A.); (M.F.J.-N.)
- Intercenter Clinical Management Unit of Medical Oncology, Hospitales Universitarios Regional y Virgen de la Victoria y Centro de Investigaciones Médico Sanitarias (CIMES), 29010 Málaga, Spain
- Department of Surgical Specialties, Biochemistry, and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Málaga, 29010 Málaga, Spain
| | - Isaac Plaza-Andrades
- Biomedical Research Institute of Malaga and Nanomedicine Platform (IBIMA Plataforma BIONAND), 29590 Málaga, Spain; (M.J.S.-Q.); (L.M.C.); (D.M.-V.); (M.M.); (V.M.B.-M.); (M.I.Q.-O.); (I.P.-A.); (M.F.J.-N.)
- Intercenter Clinical Management Unit of Medical Oncology, Hospitales Universitarios Regional y Virgen de la Victoria y Centro de Investigaciones Médico Sanitarias (CIMES), 29010 Málaga, Spain
| | - Jorge Rodríguez-Capitán
- Biomedical Research Institute of Malaga and Nanomedicine Platform (IBIMA Plataforma BIONAND), 29590 Málaga, Spain; (M.J.S.-Q.); (L.M.C.); (D.M.-V.); (M.M.); (V.M.B.-M.); (M.I.Q.-O.); (I.P.-A.); (M.F.J.-N.)
- Heart Area, Hospital Universitario Virgen de la Victoria, 29010 Málaga, Spain
- Biomedical Research Network Center for Cardiovascular Diseases (CIBERCV), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Francisco Javier Pavón-Morón
- Biomedical Research Institute of Malaga and Nanomedicine Platform (IBIMA Plataforma BIONAND), 29590 Málaga, Spain; (M.J.S.-Q.); (L.M.C.); (D.M.-V.); (M.M.); (V.M.B.-M.); (M.I.Q.-O.); (I.P.-A.); (M.F.J.-N.)
- Heart Area, Hospital Universitario Virgen de la Victoria, 29010 Málaga, Spain
- Biomedical Research Network Center for Cardiovascular Diseases (CIBERCV), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Manuel F. Jiménez-Navarro
- Biomedical Research Institute of Malaga and Nanomedicine Platform (IBIMA Plataforma BIONAND), 29590 Málaga, Spain; (M.J.S.-Q.); (L.M.C.); (D.M.-V.); (M.M.); (V.M.B.-M.); (M.I.Q.-O.); (I.P.-A.); (M.F.J.-N.)
- Heart Area, Hospital Universitario Virgen de la Victoria, 29010 Málaga, Spain
- Biomedical Research Network Center for Cardiovascular Diseases (CIBERCV), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain;
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14
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Singh SB, Carroll-Portillo A, Lin HC. Desulfovibrio in the Gut: The Enemy within? Microorganisms 2023; 11:1772. [PMID: 37512944 PMCID: PMC10383351 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11071772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Revised: 06/26/2023] [Accepted: 07/04/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Desulfovibrio (DSV) are sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB) that are ubiquitously present in the environment and as resident commensal bacteria within the human gastrointestinal tract. Though they are minor residents of the healthy gut, DSV are opportunistic pathobionts that may overgrow in the setting of various intestinal and extra-intestinal diseases. An increasing number of studies have demonstrated a positive correlation between DSV overgrowth (bloom) and various human diseases. While the relationship between DSV bloom and disease pathology has not been clearly established, mounting evidence suggests a causal role for these bacteria in disease development. As DSV are the most predominant genera of SRB in the gut, this review summarizes current knowledge regarding the relationship between DSV and a variety of diseases. In this study, we also discuss the mechanisms by which these bacteria may contribute to disease pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sudha B Singh
- Biomedical Research Institute of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87108, USA
| | - Amanda Carroll-Portillo
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA
| | - Henry C Lin
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA
- Medicine Service, New Mexico VA Health Care System, Albuquerque, NM 87108, USA
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15
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Aksoyalp ZS, Erdogan BR, Aksun S. Optimization of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kit protocol to detect trimethylamine N-oxide levels in humans. EXCLI JOURNAL 2023; 22:263-273. [PMID: 37575362 PMCID: PMC10415589 DOI: 10.17179/excli2022-5617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2022] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/15/2023]
Abstract
The serum level of trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO), a gut microbiota metabolite associated with diabetes, cancer, inflammatory and neurological diseases, can be determined by the micro-enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) method. However, we had problems obtaining accurate standard curves with the original kit protocol from Bioassay Technology Laboratory. We aimed to acquire proper standard curves by modifying the kit protocol in this study. First, we evaluated the human TMAO ELISA kit protocols and other human ELISA kits. We maintained the incubation times longer and increased the wash cycle. Moreover, we incubated the standards containing biotinylated antibody in the wells alone. Then we washed the wells and added streptavidin-HRP for the second incubation step. The data of original and modified ELISA kit protocol were analyzed with Student's t-test. We measured higher absorbance with lower standard solution concentration in experiments that followed the original kit protocol. After investigating other human TMAO ELISA kits, we noticed that the SunRed Biotechnology Company and MyBioSource companies suggested similar protocols to the Bioassay Technology Laboratory company. The ELK Biotechnology ELISA protocol was different from others. However, since there is no biotinylated antibody in the standard solution in the ELK biotechnology kit, we changed some steps by examining other human ELISA protocols from different companies. After performing the modified protocol, we found that the absorbances of the standard solutions were consistent with their concentrations, and we obtained an accurate standard curve. Higher R2 values and lower absolute difference of standard concentrations were found in the modified kit protocol. The human TMAO ELISA protocol, which we modified in this study, will enable researchers to obtain more reliable results and prevent them from failing time and resources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zinnet Sevval Aksoyalp
- Izmir Katip Celebi University, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacology, Izmir, TR
| | - Betül Rabia Erdogan
- Izmir Katip Celebi University, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacology, Izmir, TR
| | - Saliha Aksun
- Izmir Katip Celebi University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Biochemistry, Izmir, TR
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16
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Plasma Trimethylamine N-Oxide Levels Are Associated with Poor Kidney Function in People with Type 2 Diabetes. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15040812. [PMID: 36839170 PMCID: PMC9960644 DOI: 10.3390/nu15040812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Revised: 01/25/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2023] [Indexed: 02/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Previous studies have linked elevated plasma trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO) levels to poor renal function. The relationship between TMAO and chronic kidney disease (CKD) in type 2 diabetes (T2D) is still unclear. We investigated the association between plasma TMAO levels and CKD in patients with T2D. A cross-sectional study of 133 patients with T2D with or without CKD has been conducted. Blood biomarkers of kidney function, diabetes, and inflammation were assessed in the study participants. Plasma TMAO levels were quantified using UPLC-MS/MS. People with T2D and CKD exhibited significantly higher plasma TMAO levels [10.16 (5.86-17.45) µmol/L] than those without CKD [4.69 (2.62-7.76) µmol/L] (p = 0.002). Participants in the highest quartile of TMAO levels (>8.38 µmol/L) presented relatively elevated serum creatinine levels and a higher number of people with CKD than those in the lower quartiles. TMAO levels were significantly correlated with kidney function biomarkers, including estimated glomerular filtration rate and urinary albumin to creatinine ratio. The association between TMAO and CKD was evident (p < 0.0001) and remained significant after adjusting for risk factors of kidney disease, including age, gender, body mass index, duration of diabetes, and smoking. These findings suggest the association between plasma TMAO and CKD in patients with T2D.
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17
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Arango-González A, Lara-Guzmán OJ, Rivera DA, Álvarez R, Salazar-Serrano D, Muñoz-Durango K, Escobar JS, Sierra JA. Putative intestinal permeability markers do not correlate with cardiometabolic health and gut microbiota in humans, except for peptides recognized by a widely used zonulin ELISA kit. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2023; 33:112-123. [PMID: 36462977 DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2022.09.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2022] [Revised: 09/29/2022] [Accepted: 09/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Cardiometabolic diseases refer to a group of interrelated conditions, sharing metabolic dysfunctions like insulin resistance, obesity, dyslipidemia, and hypertension. The gut microbiota has been associated with CMD and related conditions. Alterations in the intestinal epithelium permeability triggered by chronic stress and diet could bridge gut microbiota with inflammation and CMD development. Here, we assessed the relationship between intestinal permeability and circulating SCFAs with cardiometabolic health status (CMHS) and gut microbiota in a sample of 116 Colombian adults. METHODS AND RESULTS Plasma levels of lipopolysaccharide-binding protein (LBP), intestinal fatty acid-binding protein (I-FABP), claudin-3, and purported zonulin peptides (PZP) were measured by ELISA, whereas plasmatic levels of acetate, propionate, butyrate, isobutyrate, and valerate were measured by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. In addition, for further statistical analysis, we took data previously published by us on this cohort, including gut microbiota and multiple CMD risk factors that served to categorize subjects as cardiometabolically healthy or cardiometabolically abnormal. From univariate and multivariate statistical analyses, we found the levels of I-FABP, LBP, and PZP increased in the plasma of cardiometabolically abnormal individuals, although only PZP reached statistical significance. CONCLUSIONS Our results did not confirm the applicability of I-FABP, LBP, claudin-3, or SCFAs as biomarkers for associating intestinal permeability with the cardiometabolic health status in these subjects. On the other hand, the poorly characterized peptides detected with the ELISA kit branded as "zonulin" were inversely associated with cardiometabolic dysfunctions and gut microbiota. Further studies to confirm the true identity of these peptides are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela Arango-González
- Vidarium-Nutrition, Health and Wellness Research Center, Grupo Empresarial Nutresa, calle 8 sur #50-67, Medellin 050023, Colombia; Universidad CES, Facultad de Ciencias y Biotecnología, calle 10A #22-04, Medellin 050021, Colombia
| | - Oscar J Lara-Guzmán
- Vidarium-Nutrition, Health and Wellness Research Center, Grupo Empresarial Nutresa, calle 8 sur #50-67, Medellin 050023, Colombia
| | - Diego A Rivera
- Vidarium-Nutrition, Health and Wellness Research Center, Grupo Empresarial Nutresa, calle 8 sur #50-67, Medellin 050023, Colombia
| | - Rafael Álvarez
- Grupo de Investigación en Ciencias Farmacéuticas ICIF, Facultad de Ciencias y Biotecnología, Universidad CES, Calle 10A #22-04, Medellin 050021, Colombia
| | - Daniela Salazar-Serrano
- Vidarium-Nutrition, Health and Wellness Research Center, Grupo Empresarial Nutresa, calle 8 sur #50-67, Medellin 050023, Colombia; Universidad CES, Facultad de Ciencias y Biotecnología, calle 10A #22-04, Medellin 050021, Colombia
| | - Katalina Muñoz-Durango
- Vidarium-Nutrition, Health and Wellness Research Center, Grupo Empresarial Nutresa, calle 8 sur #50-67, Medellin 050023, Colombia
| | - Juan S Escobar
- Vidarium-Nutrition, Health and Wellness Research Center, Grupo Empresarial Nutresa, calle 8 sur #50-67, Medellin 050023, Colombia
| | - Jelver A Sierra
- Vidarium-Nutrition, Health and Wellness Research Center, Grupo Empresarial Nutresa, calle 8 sur #50-67, Medellin 050023, Colombia.
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18
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Hu C, Zhang Y, Bi X, Yao L, Zhou Y, Ding W. Correlation between serum trimethylamine- N-oxide concentration and protein energy wasting in patients on maintenance hemodialysis. Ren Fail 2022; 44:1669-1676. [PMID: 36217682 PMCID: PMC9559320 DOI: 10.1080/0886022x.2022.2131572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a serious health problem that is associated with several systemic changes, including protein energy wasting (PEW). However, the exact mechanism of PEW in CKD remains unclear. As one of the important intestinal flora metabolites and uremic toxins, trimethylamine-N-oxide (TMAO) is involved in CKD-associated mortality, which might play a role in the development of PEW in CKD patients especially in patients on maintenance hemodialysis (MHD). However, this possibility has not been investigated. Methods PEW was diagnosed in a group of CKD patients on MHD according to the criteria of the International Society of Renal Nutrition and Metabolism. Serum TMAO concentration was assessed by high-performance liquid chromatography and mass spectrometry. The association between TMAO concentration and PEW was assessed using linear regression and logistic analysis after adjustment for confounding factors, including basic characteristics, comorbidities, and laboratory findings. Results The circulating TMAO level was higher in the MHD patients than in control (healthy) individuals (5653.76 ± 2853.51 vs. 254.92 ± 197.88 ng/mL, p < 0.001). Further, after the MHD patients were screened for PEW, those with PEW were found to have significantly higher serum TMAO levels than those without PEW (6760.9 vs. 4016.1 ng/mL, p < 0.001). Further, the serum TMAO concentration exhibited a significant negative correlation with body mass index (BMI) and dietary protein intake. In the logistic regression analysis, after adjustment for confounding factors, the serum TMAO concentration was still significantly correlated with PEW occurrence. Conclusions The circulating TMAO level is significantly correlated with the prevalence of PEW in MHD patients. TMAO might be a potential target in the prevention and treatment of PEW in CKD especially ESRD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun Hu
- Division of Nephrology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yumei Zhang
- Division of Nephrology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiao Bi
- Division of Nephrology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lu Yao
- Division of Nephrology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yueling Zhou
- Division of Nephrology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei Ding
- Division of Nephrology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
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19
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Sánchez-Quintero MJ, Delgado J, Medina-Vera D, Becerra-Muñoz VM, Queipo-Ortuño MI, Estévez M, Plaza-Andrades I, Rodríguez-Capitán J, Sánchez PL, Crespo-Leiro MG, Jiménez-Navarro MF, Pavón-Morón FJ. Beneficial Effects of Essential Oils from the Mediterranean Diet on Gut Microbiota and Their Metabolites in Ischemic Heart Disease and Type-2 Diabetes Mellitus. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14214650. [PMID: 36364913 PMCID: PMC9657080 DOI: 10.3390/nu14214650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2022] [Revised: 10/27/2022] [Accepted: 10/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Ischemic heart disease (IHD) and type-2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) remain major health problems worldwide and commonly coexist in individuals. Gut microbial metabolites, such as trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO) and short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), have been linked to cardiovascular and metabolic diseases. Previous studies have reported dysbiosis in the gut microbiota of these patients and the prebiotic effects of some components of the Mediterranean diet. Essential oil emulsions of savory (Satureja hortensis), parsley (Petroselinum crispum) and rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis) were assessed as nutraceuticals and prebiotics in IHD and T2DM. Humanized mice harboring gut microbiota derived from that of patients with IHD and T2DM were supplemented with L-carnitine and orally treated with essential oil emulsions for 40 days. We assessed the effects on gut microbiota composition and abundance, microbial metabolites and plasma markers of cardiovascular disease, inflammation and oxidative stress. Our results showed that essential oil emulsions in mice supplemented with L-carnitine have prebiotic effects on beneficial commensal bacteria, mainly Lactobacillus genus. There was a decrease in plasma TMAO and an increase in fecal SCFAs levels in mice treated with parsley and rosemary essential oils. Thrombomodulin levels were increased in mice treated with savory and parsley essential oils. While mice treated with parsley and rosemary essential oils showed a decrease in plasma cytokines (INFɣ, TNFα, IL-12p70 and IL-22); savory essential oil was associated with increased levels of chemokines (CXCL1, CCL2 and CCL11). Finally, there was a decrease in protein carbonyls and pentosidine according to the essential oil emulsion. These results suggest that changes in the gut microbiota induced by essential oils of parsley, savory and rosemary as prebiotics could differentially regulate cardiovascular and metabolic factors, which highlights the potential of these nutraceuticals for reducing IHD risk in patients affected by T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- María José Sánchez-Quintero
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga y Plataforma en Nanomedicina (IBIMA-Plataforma BIONAND), 29590 Málaga, Spain
- Unidad de Gestión Clínica Área del Corazón, Hospital Universitario Virgen de la Victoria, 29010 Málaga, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Josué Delgado
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga y Plataforma en Nanomedicina (IBIMA-Plataforma BIONAND), 29590 Málaga, Spain
- Unidad de Gestión Clínica Área del Corazón, Hospital Universitario Virgen de la Victoria, 29010 Málaga, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Higiene y Seguridad Alimentaria, Facultad de Veterinaria, IPROCAR, Universidad de Extremadura, 10003 Cáceres, Spain
- Correspondence: (J.D.); (M.F.J.-N.); Tel.: +34-927251425 (J.D.)
| | - Dina Medina-Vera
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga y Plataforma en Nanomedicina (IBIMA-Plataforma BIONAND), 29590 Málaga, Spain
- Unidad de Gestión Clínica Área del Corazón, Hospital Universitario Virgen de la Victoria, 29010 Málaga, Spain
- Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Salud Mental, Hospital Regional Universitario de Málaga, 29010 Málaga, Spain
- Departamento de Dermatología y Medicina, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Málaga (UMA), 29010 Málaga, Spain
| | - Víctor M. Becerra-Muñoz
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga y Plataforma en Nanomedicina (IBIMA-Plataforma BIONAND), 29590 Málaga, Spain
- Unidad de Gestión Clínica Área del Corazón, Hospital Universitario Virgen de la Victoria, 29010 Málaga, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - María Isabel Queipo-Ortuño
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga y Plataforma en Nanomedicina (IBIMA-Plataforma BIONAND), 29590 Málaga, Spain
- Unidad de Gestión Clínica Intercentros de Oncología Médica, Hospitales Universitarios Regional y Virgen de la Victoria y Centro de Investigaciones Médico Sanitarias (CIMES), 29010 Málaga, Spain
- Departamento de Especialidades Quirúrgicas, Bioquímica e Inmunología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Málaga (UMA), 29010 Málaga, Spain
| | - Mario Estévez
- Instituto Universitario de Investigación de Carne y Productos Cárnicos (IPROCAR), Universidad de Extremadura (UEX), 10003 Cáceres, Spain
| | - Isaac Plaza-Andrades
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga y Plataforma en Nanomedicina (IBIMA-Plataforma BIONAND), 29590 Málaga, Spain
- Unidad de Gestión Clínica Intercentros de Oncología Médica, Hospitales Universitarios Regional y Virgen de la Victoria y Centro de Investigaciones Médico Sanitarias (CIMES), 29010 Málaga, Spain
| | - Jorge Rodríguez-Capitán
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga y Plataforma en Nanomedicina (IBIMA-Plataforma BIONAND), 29590 Málaga, Spain
- Unidad de Gestión Clínica Área del Corazón, Hospital Universitario Virgen de la Victoria, 29010 Málaga, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Pedro L. Sánchez
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Servicio de Cardiología, Hospital Universitario de Salamanca, Universidad de Salamanca, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca (IBSAL), 37007 Salamanca, Spain
| | - Maria G. Crespo-Leiro
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Servicio de Cardiología, Complexo Hospitalario Universitario A Coruña (CHUAC), Universidade da Coruña (UDC), Instituto Investigación Biomédica A Coruña (INIBIC), 15006 A Coruña, Spain
| | - Manuel F. Jiménez-Navarro
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga y Plataforma en Nanomedicina (IBIMA-Plataforma BIONAND), 29590 Málaga, Spain
- Unidad de Gestión Clínica Área del Corazón, Hospital Universitario Virgen de la Victoria, 29010 Málaga, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Departamento de Dermatología y Medicina, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Málaga (UMA), 29010 Málaga, Spain
- Correspondence: (J.D.); (M.F.J.-N.); Tel.: +34-927251425 (J.D.)
| | - Francisco Javier Pavón-Morón
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga y Plataforma en Nanomedicina (IBIMA-Plataforma BIONAND), 29590 Málaga, Spain
- Unidad de Gestión Clínica Área del Corazón, Hospital Universitario Virgen de la Victoria, 29010 Málaga, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Salud Mental, Hospital Regional Universitario de Málaga, 29010 Málaga, Spain
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20
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Webster SE, Vos D, Rothstein TL, Holodick NE. Modulation of microbiome diversity and cytokine expression is influenced in a sex-dependent manner during aging. FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOMES 2022; 1:994464. [PMID: 37426084 PMCID: PMC10328149 DOI: 10.3389/frmbi.2022.994464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/11/2023]
Abstract
The microbiome and immune system have a unique interplay, which influences homeostasis within the organism. Both the microbiome and immune system play important roles in health and diseases of the aged including development of cancer, autoimmune disorders, and susceptibility to infection. Various groups have demonstrated divergent changes in the gut microbiota during aging, yet the compounding factor of biological sex within the context of aging remains incompletely understood, and little is known about the effect of housing location in the composition of gut microbiota in the context of both sex and age. To better understand the roles of sex, aging, and location in influencing the gut microbiome, we obtained normal healthy BALB/cByJ mice from a single source and aged male and female mice in two different geographical locations. The 16S rRNA was analyzed from fecal samples of these mice and cytokine levels were measured from serum.16S rRNA microbiome analysis indicated that both age and sex play a role in microbiome composition, whereas location plays a lesser role in the diversity present. Interestingly, microbiome changes occurred with alterations in serum expression of several different cytokines including IL-10 and IL-6, which were also both differentially regulated in context to sex and aging. We found both IL-10 and IL-6 play a role in the constitutive expression of pSTAT-3 in CD5+ B-1 cells, which are known to regulate the microbiome. Additionally, significant correlations were found between cytokine expression and significantly abundant microbes. Based on these results, we conclude aging mice undergo sex-associated alterations in the gut microbiome and have a distinct cytokine profile. Further, there is significant interplay between B-1 cells and the microbiome which is influenced by aging in a sex-dependent manner. Together, these results illustrate the complex interrelationship among sex, aging, immunity, housing location, and the gut microbiome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah E. Webster
- Center for Immunobiology, Department of Investigative Medicine, Western Michigan University Homer Stryker M.D. School of Medicine, Kalamazoo, MI, USA
| | - Duncan Vos
- Division of Epidemiology and Biostatics, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Western Michigan University Homer Stryker M.D. School of Medicine, Kalamazoo, MI, USA
| | - Thomas L. Rothstein
- Center for Immunobiology, Department of Investigative Medicine, Western Michigan University Homer Stryker M.D. School of Medicine, Kalamazoo, MI, USA
| | - Nichol E. Holodick
- Center for Immunobiology, Department of Investigative Medicine, Western Michigan University Homer Stryker M.D. School of Medicine, Kalamazoo, MI, USA
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21
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Gut Microbiota and Therapy in Metastatic Melanoma: Focus on MAPK Pathway Inhibition. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms231911990. [PMID: 36233289 PMCID: PMC9569448 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231911990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2022] [Revised: 10/04/2022] [Accepted: 10/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Gut microbiome (GM) and its either pro-tumorigenic or anti-tumorigenic role is intriguing and constitutes an evolving landscape in translational oncology. It has been suggested that these microorganisms may be involved in carcinogenesis, cancer treatment response and resistance, as well as predisposition to adverse effects. In melanoma patients, one of the most immunogenic cancers, immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) and MAPK-targeted therapy—BRAF/MEK inhibitors—have revolutionized prognosis, and the study of the microbiome as a modulating factor is thus appealing. Although BRAF/MEK inhibitors constitute one of the main backbones of treatment in melanoma, little is known about their impact on GM and how this might correlate with immune re-induction. On the contrary, ICI and their relationship to GM has become an interesting field of research due to the already-known impact of immunotherapy in modulating the immune system. Immune reprogramming in the tumor microenvironment has been established as one of the main targets of microbiome, since it can induce immunosuppressive phenotypes, promote inflammatory responses or conduct anti-tumor responses. As a result, ongoing clinical trials are evaluating the role of fecal microbiota transplant (FMT), as well as the impact of using dietary supplements, antibiotics and probiotics in the prediction of response to therapy. In this review, we provide an overview of GM’s link to cancer, its relationship with the immune system and how this may impact response to treatments in melanoma patients. We also discuss insights about novel therapeutic approaches including FMT, changes in diet and use of probiotics, prebiotics and symbiotics. Finally, we hypothesize on the possible pathways through which GM may impact anti-tumor efficacy in melanoma patients treated with targeted therapy, an appealing subject of which little is known.
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22
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Martínez-López YE, Esquivel-Hernández DA, Sánchez-Castañeda JP, Neri-Rosario D, Guardado-Mendoza R, Resendis-Antonio O. Type 2 diabetes, gut microbiome, and systems biology: A novel perspective for a new era. Gut Microbes 2022; 14:2111952. [PMID: 36004400 PMCID: PMC9423831 DOI: 10.1080/19490976.2022.2111952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The association between the physio-pathological variables of type 2 diabetes (T2D) and gut microbiota composition suggests a new avenue to track the disease and improve the outcomes of pharmacological and non-pharmacological treatments. This enterprise requires new strategies to elucidate the metabolic disturbances occurring in the gut microbiome as the disease progresses. To this end, physiological knowledge and systems biology pave the way for characterizing microbiota and identifying strategies in a move toward healthy compositions. Here, we dissect the recent associations between gut microbiota and T2D. In addition, we discuss recent advances in how drugs, diet, and exercise modulate the microbiome to favor healthy stages. Finally, we present computational approaches for disentangling the metabolic activity underlying host-microbiota codependence. Altogether, we envision that the combination of physiology and computational modeling of microbiota metabolism will drive us to optimize the diagnosis and treatment of T2D patients in a personalized way.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoscelina Estrella Martínez-López
- Human Systems Biology Laboratory. Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genómica (INMEGEN). México City, México,Programa de Doctorado en Ciencias Médicas, Odontológicas y de la Salud, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM). Ciudad de México, México,Metabolic Research Laboratory, Department of Medicine and Nutrition. University of Guanajuato. León, Guanajuato, México
| | | | - Jean Paul Sánchez-Castañeda
- Human Systems Biology Laboratory. Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genómica (INMEGEN). México City, México,Programa de Maestría en Ciencias Bioquímicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM). Ciudad de México, México
| | - Daniel Neri-Rosario
- Human Systems Biology Laboratory. Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genómica (INMEGEN). México City, México,Programa de Maestría en Ciencias Bioquímicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM). Ciudad de México, México
| | - Rodolfo Guardado-Mendoza
- Metabolic Research Laboratory, Department of Medicine and Nutrition. University of Guanajuato. León, Guanajuato, México,Research Department, Hospital Regional de Alta Especialidad del Bajío. León, Guanajuato, México,Rodolfo Guardado-Mendoza Metabolic Research Laboratory, Department of Medicine and Nutrition. University of Guanajuato. León, Guanajuato, México
| | - Osbaldo Resendis-Antonio
- Human Systems Biology Laboratory. Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genómica (INMEGEN). México City, México,Coordinación de la Investigación Científica – Red de Apoyo a la Investigación, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM). Ciudad de México, México,CONTACT Osbaldo Resendis-Antonio Centro de Ciencias de la Complejidad, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Periferico Sur 4809, Arenal Tepepan, Tlalpan, 14610 Ciudad de México, CDMX
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23
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Palmnäs-Bédard MSA, Costabile G, Vetrani C, Åberg S, Hjalmarsson Y, Dicksved J, Riccardi G, Landberg R. The human gut microbiota and glucose metabolism: a scoping review of key bacteria and the potential role of SCFAs. Am J Clin Nutr 2022; 116:862-874. [PMID: 36026526 PMCID: PMC9535511 DOI: 10.1093/ajcn/nqac217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Accepted: 08/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The gut microbiota plays a fundamental role in human nutrition and metabolism and may have direct implications for type 2 diabetes and associated preconditions. An improved understanding of relations between human gut microbiota and glucose metabolism could lead to novel opportunities for type 2 diabetes prevention, but human observational studies reporting on such findings have not been extensively reviewed. Here, we review the literature on associations between gut microbiota and markers and stages of glucose dysregulation and insulin resistance in healthy adults and in adults with metabolic disease and risk factors. We present the current evidence for identified key bacteria and their potential roles in glucose metabolism independent of overweight, obesity, and metabolic drugs. We provide support for SCFAs mediating such effects and discuss the role of diet, as well as metabolites derived from diet and gut microbiota interactions. From 5983 initially identified PubMed records, 45 original studies were eligible and reviewed. α Diversity and 45 bacterial taxa were associated with selected outcomes. Six taxa were most frequently associated with glucose metabolism: Akkermansia muciniphila, Bifidobacterium longum, Clostridium leptum group, Faecalibacterium prausnitzii, and Faecalibacterium (inversely associated) and Dorea (directly associated). For Dorea and A. muciniphila, associations were independent of metabolic drugs and body measures. For A. muciniphila and F. prausnitzii, limited evidence supported SCFA mediation of potential effects on glucose metabolism. We conclude that observational studies applying metagenomics sequencing to identify species-level relations are warranted, as are studies accounting for confounding factors and investigating SCFA and postprandial glucose metabolism. Such advances in the field will, together with mechanistic and prospective studies and investigations into diet-gut microbiota interactions, have the potential to bring critical insight into roles of gut microbiota and microbial metabolites in human glucose metabolism and to contribute toward the development of novel prevention strategies for type 2 diabetes, including precision nutrition.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Giuseppina Costabile
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy,Task Force on Microbiome Studies, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Claudia Vetrani
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Sebastian Åberg
- Department of Biology and Biological Engineering, Division of Food and Nutrition Science, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Yommine Hjalmarsson
- Department of Communication and Learning in Science, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Johan Dicksved
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Management, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Gabriele Riccardi
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy,Task Force on Microbiome Studies, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Rikard Landberg
- Department of Biology and Biological Engineering, Division of Food and Nutrition Science, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden,Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
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24
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A Possible Link between Gut Microbiome Composition and Cardiovascular Comorbidities in Psoriatic Patients. J Pers Med 2022; 12:jpm12071118. [PMID: 35887615 PMCID: PMC9324618 DOI: 10.3390/jpm12071118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2022] [Revised: 07/01/2022] [Accepted: 07/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is one of the most common comorbidities that may affect psoriatic patients. Several exogenous and endogenous factors are involved in the etiology and progression of both psoriasis and CVD. A potential genetic link between the two diseases has emerged; however, some gaps remain in the understanding of the CVD prevalence in psoriatic patients. Recently, the role of the gut microbiome dysbiosis was documented in the development and maintenance of both diseases. To investigate whether gut microbiome dysbiosis might influence the occurrence of CVD in psoriatic patients, 16S rRNA gene sequencing was performed to characterize the gut microbiome of 28 psoriatic patients, including 17 patients with and 11 without CVD. The comparison of the gut microbiome composition between patients with and without CVD showed a higher prevalence of Barnesiellaceae and Phascolarctobacterium in patients with CVD. Among patients with CVD, those undergoing biologic therapy had lower abundance levels of Barnesiellaceae, comparable to those found in patients without CVD. Overall, these findings suggest that the co-occurrence of psoriasis and CVD might be linked to gut microbiome dysbiosis and that therapeutic strategies could help to restore the intestinal symbiosis, potentially improving the clinical management of psoriasis and its associated comorbidities.
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25
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He X, Jiang J, Zhang XX. Environmental exposure to low-dose perfluorohexanesulfonate promotes obesity and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in mice fed a high-fat diet. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:49279-49290. [PMID: 35217953 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-19369-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2021] [Accepted: 02/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Perfluorohexanesulfonate (PFHxS) is one of the most prevalent perfluoroalkyls. It is widely distributed in both abiotic and biotic environments because of its prevalence and bioaccumulative properties. Exposure to PFHxS has been associated with the higher serum liver functions associated with steatosis in obese people. This study explores the impact of chronic exposure to low-dose PFHxS on predisposition to non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) as well as on metabolic functions in diet-induced obese mice. Results showed that 12-week exposure to PFHxS at a dose of 450 μg/L through drinking water significantly promoted obesity and metabolic syndrome in male C57 mice fed a high-fat diet. The PFHxS exposure markedly aggravated hepatic symptoms resembling NAFLD and caused systematic metabolic disorders as well as gut dysbiosis in the obese mice. Key genes of hepatic lipid metabolism, inflammation, and fibrosis were strongly altered, while gut microflora that have been associated with obesity and pathogenesis of NAFLD, including the Bacteroides/Firmicutes ratio, Desulfovibrio, Mucispirillum, and Akkermansia, were significantly affected by the PFHxS exposure. The findings of this study suggest that environmental PFHxS exposure is a tangible risk factor for metabolic diseases such as NAFLD, especially among obese individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiwei He
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China.
| | - Jinhong Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Xu-Xiang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
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Association between Plasma Trimethylamine N-Oxide Levels and Type 2 Diabetes: A Case Control Study. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14102093. [PMID: 35631234 PMCID: PMC9148165 DOI: 10.3390/nu14102093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Revised: 05/13/2022] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Animal and human studies have reported conflicting results on the relationship between circulating trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO) levels and risk of Type 2 diabetes (T2D). This study aimed to compare plasma TMAO levels in people with or without T2D and explore the association of TMAO and T2D. A prospective case-control study of 297 participants, 164 healthy controls and 133 patients with T2D, was conducted. TMAO levels were quantified by UPLC-MS/MS. Comorbidities, dietary patterns, physical activity, and blood biomarkers were assessed. Median (IQR) plasma TMAO levels were significantly higher in diabetes cases (4.95 (2.84−8.35) µmol/L) compared to healthy controls (3.07 (2.05−4.82) µmol/L) (p < 0.001). The association between TMAO and T2D was significant in the non-adjusted Model 1 (p < 0.001) and after adjusting for confounders of diabetes including age, BMI, and level of education in Model 2 (p = 0.04). When the association was further adjusted for physical activity and diet in Model 3, plasma TMAO levels at only the highest quartile (>6.40 µmol/L) were associated with the risk of diabetes (OR = 3.36, 95% CI [1.26, 9.04], p = 0.02). The results presented suggest an association between plasma TMAO levels and T2D. A significant correlation was found between red meat consumption and increased levels of TMAO in T2D patients. A longitudinal study is warranted to further evaluate the correlation between TMAO and T2D.
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Microbiome and metabolome features of the cardiometabolic disease spectrum. Nat Med 2022; 28:303-314. [PMID: 35177860 PMCID: PMC8863577 DOI: 10.1038/s41591-022-01688-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 50.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2021] [Accepted: 01/07/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Previous microbiome and metabolome analyses exploring non-communicable diseases have paid scant attention to major confounders of study outcomes, such as common, pre-morbid and co-morbid conditions, or polypharmacy. Here, in the context of ischemic heart disease (IHD), we used a study design that recapitulates disease initiation, escalation and response to treatment over time, mirroring a longitudinal study that would otherwise be difficult to perform given the protracted nature of IHD pathogenesis. We recruited 1,241 middle-aged Europeans, including healthy individuals, individuals with dysmetabolic morbidities (obesity and type 2 diabetes) but lacking overt IHD diagnosis and individuals with IHD at three distinct clinical stages—acute coronary syndrome, chronic IHD and IHD with heart failure—and characterized their phenome, gut metagenome and serum and urine metabolome. We found that about 75% of microbiome and metabolome features that distinguish individuals with IHD from healthy individuals after adjustment for effects of medication and lifestyle are present in individuals exhibiting dysmetabolism, suggesting that major alterations of the gut microbiome and metabolome might begin long before clinical onset of IHD. We further categorized microbiome and metabolome signatures related to prodromal dysmetabolism, specific to IHD in general or to each of its three subtypes or related to escalation or de-escalation of IHD. Discriminant analysis based on specific IHD microbiome and metabolome features could better differentiate individuals with IHD from healthy individuals or metabolically matched individuals as compared to the conventional risk markers, pointing to a pathophysiological relevance of these features. By studying individuals along a spectrum of cardiometabolic disease and adjusting for effects of lifestyle and medication, this investigation identifies alterations of the metabolome and microbiome from dysmetabolic conditions, such as obesity and type 2 diabetes, to ischemic heart disease.
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Zhou Z, Sun B, Yu D, Zhu C. Gut Microbiota: An Important Player in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2022; 12:834485. [PMID: 35242721 PMCID: PMC8886906 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2022.834485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2021] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is one of the common metabolic diseases in the world. Due to the rise in morbidity and mortality, it has become a global health problem. To date, T2DM still cannot be cured, and its intervention measures mainly focus on glucose control as well as the prevention and treatment of related complications. Interestingly, the gut microbiota plays an important role in the development of metabolic diseases, especially T2DM. In this review, we introduce the characteristics of the gut microbiota in T2DM population, T2DM animal models, and diabetic complications. In addition, we describe the molecular mechanisms linking host and the gut microbiota in T2DM, including the host molecules that induce gut microbiota dysbiosis, immune and inflammatory responses, and gut microbial metabolites involved in pathogenesis. These findings suggest that we can treat T2DM and its complications by remodeling the gut microbiota through interventions such as drugs, probiotics, prebiotics, fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) and diets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Zhou
- Department of Chinese Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Bao Sun
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Institution of Clinical Pharmacy, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Dongsheng Yu
- Department of Chinese Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Dongsheng Yu, ; Chunsheng Zhu,
| | - Chunsheng Zhu
- Department of Chinese Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Dongsheng Yu, ; Chunsheng Zhu,
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Kim M, Huda MN, Bennett BJ. Sequence meets function-microbiota and cardiovascular disease. Cardiovasc Res 2022; 118:399-412. [PMID: 33537709 PMCID: PMC8803075 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvab030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2020] [Revised: 11/20/2020] [Accepted: 01/29/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The discovery that gut-microbiota plays a profound role in human health has opened a new avenue of basic and clinical research. Application of ecological approaches where the bacterial 16S rRNA gene is queried has provided a number of candidate bacteria associated with coronary artery disease and hypertension. We examine the associations between gut microbiota and a variety of cardiovascular disease (CVD) including atherosclerosis, coronary artery disease, and blood pressure. These approaches are associative in nature and there is now increasing interest in identifying the mechanisms underlying these associations. We discuss three potential mechanisms including: gut permeability and endotoxemia, increased immune system activation, and microbial derived metabolites. In addition to discussing these potential mechanisms we highlight current studies manipulating the gut microbiota or microbial metabolites to move beyond sequence-based association studies. The goal of these mechanistic studies is to determine the mode of action by which the gut microbiota may affect disease susceptibility and severity. Importantly, the gut microbiota appears to have a significant effect on host metabolism and CVD by producing metabolites entering the host circulatory system such as short-chain fatty acids and trimethylamine N-Oxide. Therefore, the intersection of metabolomics and microbiota research may yield novel targets to reduce disease susceptibility. Finally, we discuss approaches to demonstrate causality such as specific diet changes, inhibition of microbial pathways, and fecal microbiota transplant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Myungsuk Kim
- Obesity and Metabolism Research Unit, USDA, ARS, Western Human Nutrition Research Center, Davis, CA, USA
- Department of Nutrition, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Md Nazmul Huda
- Obesity and Metabolism Research Unit, USDA, ARS, Western Human Nutrition Research Center, Davis, CA, USA
- Department of Nutrition, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Brian J Bennett
- Obesity and Metabolism Research Unit, USDA, ARS, Western Human Nutrition Research Center, Davis, CA, USA
- Department of Nutrition, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, USA
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Yu N, Gu N, Wang Y, Zhou B, Lu D, Li J, Ma X, Zhang J, Guo X. The Association of Plasma Trimethylamine N-Oxide with Coronary Atherosclerotic Burden in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Among a Chinese North Population. Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes 2022; 15:69-78. [PMID: 35035225 PMCID: PMC8754460 DOI: 10.2147/dmso.s339698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2021] [Accepted: 12/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE We aimed to examine the association between plasma trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO), a gut microbial metabolite from dietary phosphatidylcholine, and coronary atherosclerotic burden in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D). METHODS In total, 349 patients with T2D were studied, including 70 controls and 279 patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) by coronary angiography. Coronary atherosclerotic burden is quantified by the number of diseased coronary branches and SYNTAX (Synergy between PCI with Taxus and Cardiac Surgery) score. Plasma TMAO levels were determined by UHPLC-MS/MS technique. RESULTS The TMAO concentration was significantly higher in the patients with triple vessel disease (TVD) (3.33 [IQR: 1.81-6.65] μM) than those without TVD (2.62 [IQR: 1.50-4.73] μM) (P = 0.015). A similar difference was found between patients with SYNTAX score >22 (3.93 [IQR: 1.81-6.82] μM) and those with SYNTAX score ≤22 (2.54 [IQR: 1.44-4.54] μM) (P = 0.014). TMAO was not significantly correlated with the presence of CAD. Among patients with eGFR <60 mL/min/1.73 m2, the highest tertile of TMAO was significantly associated with TVD (OR = 25.28, 95% CI [2.55-250.33], P = 0.006) and SYNTAX score >22 (OR = 7.23, 95% CI [1.51-34.64], P = 0.013) independent of known risk factors of CAD, compared with lower TMAO tertiles. CONCLUSION TMAO was not independently correlated with the presence of CAD and severity of coronary atherosclerosis in the included population. Nevertheless, the significant association between circulating TMAO and higher coronary atherosclerotic burden was observed in patients with eGFR of lower than 60 mL/min/1.73 m2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Yu
- Department of Endocrinology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, 100034, People’s Republic of China
| | - Nan Gu
- Department of Endocrinology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, 100034, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yuxin Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, 100034, People’s Republic of China
| | - Bin Zhou
- Department of Cardiology, Fuwai Hospital, National Centre for Cardiovascular Diseases, National Clinical Research Center of Cardiovascular Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100037, People’s Republic of China
| | - Difei Lu
- Department of Endocrinology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, 100034, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jianping Li
- Department of Cardiology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, 100034, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaowei Ma
- Department of Endocrinology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, 100034, People’s Republic of China
- Correspondence: Xiaowei Ma Department of Endocrinology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, People’s Republic of ChinaTel/Fax +86-010-83572574 Email
| | - Junqing Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, 100034, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaohui Guo
- Department of Endocrinology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, 100034, People’s Republic of China
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Hosseinzadeh E, Ghodsirad M, Alirezaie T, Arfenia M, Amoui M, Pirayesh E, Norouzi G, Khoshbakht S. Assessing the prevalence and predicting factors of an abnormal gated myocardial perfusion SPECT in asymptomatic patients with type 2 diabetes. Int J Cardiovasc Imaging 2021; 38:457-464. [PMID: 34482508 DOI: 10.1007/s10554-021-02400-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2021] [Accepted: 08/30/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Considering the significant prevalence of silent myocardial ischemia and its related morbidity and mortality in asymptomatic type 2 diabetic patients, it is not well known whether early screening with MPI is cost-effective and predicting factors are not well elucidated. This was a cross-sectional study including 63 asymptomatic patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), with normal ECG and ejection fraction. Patients with any history of documented valvular, congestive or ischemic heart disease, renal or hepatic failure were excluded. At first all patients were interviewed and checked for risk factors and then patients underwent a two-day rest/stress 99mTc-MIBI gated MPI SPECT. Data was assessed by QPS/QGS and 4DM software and evaluated by a nuclear medicine specialist with summed stress score (SSS) of more than 4 defined as CAD. There were 42 females (67%) and 21 males (33%), with a mean age of 61.33 ± 6.98 years and 7.97 ± 4.86 years history of T2DM. CAD was detected in 26 (41.3%) patients and was significantly associated with male gender, smoking and requiring insulin therapy (P-value = 0.019, 0.046, 0.05, respectively). A significant association was found between the duration of diabetes, especially when > 15 years, and the probability of having CAD. Multivariable logistic regression revealed that smoking; male gender and diabetes duration were the strongest independent predictors of abnormal MPI results. We found a high (46%) prevalence of abnormal stress MPI SPECT in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus, despite being asymptomatic. Asymptomatic patients with a history of smoking, long duration of diabetes, being under insulin treatment and male gender might benefit from MPI for early detection of silent ischemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Hosseinzadeh
- Clinical Research Development Unit of Shohada Tajrish Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Nuclear Medicine Department, Shohada Tajrish Hospital, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammadali Ghodsirad
- Clinical Research Development Unit of Shohada Tajrish Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. .,Nuclear Medicine Department, Shohada Tajrish Hospital, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. .,Shohada Tajrish Hospital, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran.
| | - T Alirezaie
- Clinical Research Development Unit of Shohada Tajrish Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Cardiology Department, Shohada Tajrish Hospital, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - M Arfenia
- Clinical Research Development Unit of Shohada Tajrish Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Nuclear Medicine Department, Shohada Tajrish Hospital, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - M Amoui
- Clinical Research Development Unit of Shohada Tajrish Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Nuclear Medicine Department, Shohada Tajrish Hospital, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - E Pirayesh
- Clinical Research Development Unit of Shohada Tajrish Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Nuclear Medicine Department, Shohada Tajrish Hospital, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - G Norouzi
- Clinical Research Development Unit of Shohada Tajrish Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Nuclear Medicine Department, Shohada Tajrish Hospital, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - S Khoshbakht
- Clinical Research Development Unit of Shohada Tajrish Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Nuclear Medicine Department, Shohada Tajrish Hospital, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Dubinski P, Czarzasta K, Cudnoch-Jedrzejewska A. The Influence of Gut Microbiota on the Cardiovascular System Under Conditions of Obesity and Chronic Stress. Curr Hypertens Rep 2021; 23:31. [PMID: 34014393 PMCID: PMC8137478 DOI: 10.1007/s11906-021-01144-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Based on the available data, it can be assumed that microbiota is an integral part of the human body. The most heavily colonized area of the human body is the gut, with bacterial accumulation ranging from 101-103 cells/g in the upper intestine to 1011-1012 cells/g in the colon. However, colonization of the gut is not the same throughout, as it was shown that there are differences between the composition of the microbiota in the intestine lumen and in the proximity of the mucus layer. RECENT FINDINGS Gut microbiota gradient can be differentially regulated by factors such as obesity and chronic stress. In particular, a high fat diet influences the gut microbial composition. It was also found that chronic stress may cause the development of obesity and thus change the organization of the intestinal barrier. Recent research has shown the significant effect of intestinal microflora on cardiovascular function. Enhanced absorption of bacterial fragments, such as lipopolysaccharide (LPS), promotes the onset of "metabolic endotoxemia," which could activate toll-like receptors, which mediates an inflammatory response and in severe cases could cause cardiovascular diseases. It is presumed that the intestinal microbiota, and especially its metabolites (LPS and trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO)), may play an important role in the pathogenesis of arterial hypertension, atherosclerosis, and heart failure. This review focuses on how gut microbiota can change the morphological and functional activity of the cardiovascular system in the course of obesity and in conditions of chronic stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piotr Dubinski
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Physiology, Laboratory of Centre for Preclinical Research, Medical University of Warsaw, Banacha 1b, 02-097, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Czarzasta
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Physiology, Laboratory of Centre for Preclinical Research, Medical University of Warsaw, Banacha 1b, 02-097, Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Agnieszka Cudnoch-Jedrzejewska
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Physiology, Laboratory of Centre for Preclinical Research, Medical University of Warsaw, Banacha 1b, 02-097, Warsaw, Poland
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Tian R, Liu H, Feng S, Wang H, Wang Y, Wang Y, Liang L, Xu H, Xing H, Zhang S. Gut microbiota dysbiosis in stable coronary artery disease combined with type 2 diabetes mellitus influences cardiovascular prognosis. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2021; 31:1454-1466. [PMID: 33810955 DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2021.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2020] [Revised: 12/29/2020] [Accepted: 01/11/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Host-microbiota interactions involving metabolic pathways have been linked to the pathogenesis of atherosclerotic disease and type 2 diabetes. As stable coronary artery disease (SCAD) patients combined with type 2 diabetes have significantly increased risk for cardiac event, we focused on elucidating the role of microbiota affecting cardiometabolic disease development. METHODS AND RESULTS We used multi-omics analyses (metagenomics and metabolomics) of fecal and serum samples from a prospective cohort including stable coronary artery disease combined with diabetes mellitus (SCAD + T2DM, n = 38), SCAD (n = 71), and healthy control (HC, n = 55). We linked microbiome features to disease severity in a three-pronged association analysis and identified prognostic bacterial biomarkers. We identified that bacterial and metabolic signatures varied significantly between SCAD and SCAD + T2DM groups. SCAD + T2DM individuals were characterized by increased levels of aromatic amino acids and carbohydrates, which correlate with a gut microbiome with enriched biosynthetic potential. Our study also addressed how metformin may confound gut dysbiosis and increase the potential for nitrogen metabolism. In addition, we found that specific bacterial taxa Ruminococcus torques [HR: 2.363 (08-4.56), P = 0.03] was predictive of cardiac survival outcomes. CONCLUSION Overall, our study identified relationships between features of the gut microbiota (GM) and circulating metabolites, providing a new direction for future studies aiming to understand the host-GM interplay in atherosclerotic cardiovascular pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ran Tian
- Department of Cardiology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College & Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.
| | - Honghong Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College & Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.
| | - Siqin Feng
- Department of Cardiology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College & Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.
| | - Hui Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College & Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.
| | - Yifei Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College & Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China; Department of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Haidian district, Beijing, China.
| | - Yiyang Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College & Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China; Department of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Haidian district, Beijing, China.
| | - Lifeng Liang
- Precision Medicine Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, China.
| | - Haopeng Xu
- Department of Cardiology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College & Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.
| | - Haiping Xing
- Department of Cardiology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College & Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.
| | - Shuyang Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College & Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.
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de Oliveira WQ, Neri-Numa IA, Arruda HS, Lopes AT, Pelissari FM, Barros FFC, Pastore GM. Special emphasis on the therapeutic potential of microparticles with antidiabetic effect: Trends and possible applications. Trends Food Sci Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2021.02.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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35
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Zhu X, Wei L, Rong X, Zhang Y, Zhang Q, Wen X, He W, Zhang K, Chen F, Wei L, Lu Y. Conjunctival Microbiota in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Influences of Perioperative Use of Topical Levofloxacin in Ocular Surgery. Front Med (Lausanne) 2021; 8:605639. [PMID: 33889581 PMCID: PMC8055849 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2021.605639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2020] [Accepted: 03/09/2021] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) are prone to ocular surface infections. We therefore characterized the conjunctival microbiome of T2DM patients and the influence of topical levofloxacin to investigate whether a dysbiosis is associated with this phenomenon. Methods: Conjunctival microbiome of 79 T2DM patients and 113 non-diabetic controls was profiled using the 16S rDNA sequencing approach. Furthermore, 21 T2DM and 14 non-diabetic patients who underwent cataract surgeries were followed up perioperatively and the influence of pre- and post-operative levofloxacin on the conjunctival microbiome was further investigated prospectively and compared longitudinally. Results: The α-diversity of the conjunctival microbiota was significantly higher in T2DM patients than in controls (P < 0.05). Significant differences in both composition and function of the conjunctival microbiome were identified on the ocular surface of T2DM patients as compared to non-diabetic controls. Particularly, phylum Bacteroidetes and Fusobacteria, genus Pseudomonas, Haemophilus, and Empedobacter were enriched, while genus Streptococcus was reduced on the T2DM ocular surface. Microbial genes functioning of bacterial chemotaxis was elevated in the conjunctival microbiome of T2DM patients. Furthermore, compared to the initial status, several genera including Staphylococcus were more abundant in the conjunctival microbiome of T2DM patients after 3-days use of preoperative levofloxacin topically, while no genus was more abundant in the non-diabetic follow-up group. No difference was observed between initial status and 7 days after ceasing all postoperative medications in both diabetic and non-diabetic follow-up groups. Conclusions: The conjunctival microbiome of T2DM patients was more complex and may respond differently to topical antibiotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangjia Zhu
- Department of Ophthalmology and Eye Institute, Ear, Nose and Throat (ENT) Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,National Health Commission (NHC) Key Laboratory of Myopia (Fudan University), Key Laboratory of Myopia, Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Visual Impairment and Restoration, Shanghai, China
| | - Ling Wei
- Department of Ophthalmology and Eye Institute, Ear, Nose and Throat (ENT) Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,National Health Commission (NHC) Key Laboratory of Myopia (Fudan University), Key Laboratory of Myopia, Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Visual Impairment and Restoration, Shanghai, China
| | - Xianfang Rong
- Department of Ophthalmology and Eye Institute, Ear, Nose and Throat (ENT) Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,National Health Commission (NHC) Key Laboratory of Myopia (Fudan University), Key Laboratory of Myopia, Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Visual Impairment and Restoration, Shanghai, China
| | - Yinglei Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology and Eye Institute, Ear, Nose and Throat (ENT) Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,National Health Commission (NHC) Key Laboratory of Myopia (Fudan University), Key Laboratory of Myopia, Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Visual Impairment and Restoration, Shanghai, China
| | - Qian Zhang
- Central Laboratory, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaofeng Wen
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wenwen He
- Department of Ophthalmology and Eye Institute, Ear, Nose and Throat (ENT) Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,National Health Commission (NHC) Key Laboratory of Myopia (Fudan University), Key Laboratory of Myopia, Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Visual Impairment and Restoration, Shanghai, China
| | - Keke Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology and Eye Institute, Ear, Nose and Throat (ENT) Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,National Health Commission (NHC) Key Laboratory of Myopia (Fudan University), Key Laboratory of Myopia, Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Visual Impairment and Restoration, Shanghai, China
| | - Feng Chen
- Central Laboratory, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Lai Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yi Lu
- Department of Ophthalmology and Eye Institute, Ear, Nose and Throat (ENT) Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,National Health Commission (NHC) Key Laboratory of Myopia (Fudan University), Key Laboratory of Myopia, Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Visual Impairment and Restoration, Shanghai, China
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Oluwagbemigun K, O'Donovan AN, Berding K, Lyons K, Alexy U, Schmid M, Clarke G, Stanton C, Cryan J, Nöthlings U. Long-term dietary intake from infancy to late adolescence is associated with gut microbiota composition in young adulthood. Am J Clin Nutr 2021; 113:647-656. [PMID: 33471048 PMCID: PMC7948843 DOI: 10.1093/ajcn/nqaa340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2020] [Accepted: 10/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gut microbiota composition as influenced by long-term diet may be associated with the risk of adult chronic diseases. Thus, establishing the relation of long-term diet, particularly starting from early life, with adult microbiota composition would be an important research advance. OBJECTIVE We aimed to investigate the association of long-term intake of energy, carbohydrate, fiber, protein, and fat from infancy to late adolescence with microbiota composition in adulthood. METHODS Within the prospective DOrtmund Nutritional and Anthropometric Longitudinally Designed (DONALD) Study, we sampled stool 1 or 2 times within 1 y from 128 adults (median age: 29 y). Microbiota composition was profiled by 16S ribosomal RNA sequencing. Annual dietary records from age 1 to 18 y were retrieved. We estimated trajectories of energy, energy-adjusted carbohydrate, fiber, protein, and fat intake with multilevel models, producing predicted intake at age 1 y and rates of change in intake. A multivariate, zero-inflated, logistic-normal model was used to model the association between intake trajectories and the composition of 158 genera in single-sampled individuals. Associations found in this model were confirmed in double-sampled individuals using a zero-inflated Beta regression model. RESULTS Adjusting for covariates and temporal differences in microbiota composition, long-term carbohydrate intake was associated with 3 genera. Specifically, carbohydrate intake at age 1 y was negatively associated with Phascolarctobacterium [coefficient = -4.31; false discovery rate (FDR)-adjusted P = 0.006] and positively associated with Dialister (coefficient = 3.06; FDR-adjusted P = 0.003), and the rate of change in carbohydrate intake was positively associated with Desulfovibrio (coefficient = 13.16; FDR-adjusted P = 0.00039). Energy and other macronutrients were not associated with any genus. CONCLUSIONS This work links long-term carbohydrate intake to microbiota composition. Considering the associations of high carbohydrate intake and microbiota composition with some diseases, these findings could inform the development of gut microbiota-targeted dietary recommendations for disease prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kolade Oluwagbemigun
- Unit of Nutritional Epidemiology, Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Aoife N O'Donovan
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
- Teagasc Moorepark Food Research Centre, Fermoy, Ireland
- School of Microbiology, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Kirsten Berding
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Katriona Lyons
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
- Teagasc Moorepark Food Research Centre, Fermoy, Ireland
| | - Ute Alexy
- Unit of Nutritional Epidemiology, Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Matthias Schmid
- Department of Medical Biometry, Informatics, and Epidemiology, University Hospital Bonn, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Gerard Clarke
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
- INFANT Research Centre, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurobehavioral Science, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Catherine Stanton
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
- Teagasc Moorepark Food Research Centre, Fermoy, Ireland
| | - John Cryan
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Ute Nöthlings
- Unit of Nutritional Epidemiology, Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
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Macho-González A, Garcimartín A, Redondo N, Cofrades S, Bastida S, Nova E, Benedí J, Sánchez-Muniz FJ, Marcos A, Elvira López-Oliva M. Carob fruit extract-enriched meat, as preventive and curative treatments, improves gut microbiota and colonic barrier integrity in a late-stage T2DM model. Food Res Int 2021; 141:110124. [PMID: 33641991 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2021.110124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2020] [Revised: 12/19/2020] [Accepted: 01/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Epidemiological and experimental studies have suggested that dietary fiber and proanthocyanidins play an important role on gut microbiota (GM), colonic integrity and body health. Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) is a prevalent disease in which the modifications in the GM and colonic markers stand out. This manuscript hypothesizes the consumption of functional meat enriched in carob fruit extract [CFE; CFE-restructured meat (RM)] ameliorates the dysbiosis and colonic barrier integrity loss in a late-stage T2DM rat model induced by the conjoint action of a high-saturated-fat/high-cholesterol diet (Chol-diet) and a low dose of streptozotocin (STZ) plus a nicotinamide (NAD) injection. Three groups of eight rats were used: (1) D group, a T2DM control group, fed the Chol-diet; (2) ED group, a T2DM preventive strategy group fed the CFE-Chol-diet since the beginning of the study; and (3) DE group, a T2DM curative treatment group, fed the CFE-Chol-diet once the diabetic state was confirmed. The study lasted 8 weeks. Amount and variety of GM, feces short-chain-fatty acids (SCFAs), colonic morphology [crypt depth and density, goblet cells, proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) and transferase dUTP nick end labelling (TUNEL) indexes] and tight junctions were evaluated. A global colonic index combining 17 markers (GCindex) was calculated. ED rats displayed higher levels of GM richness, SCFAs production, crypt depth, and goblet cells than the D group. DE group showed lower Enterobacteriaceae abundance and greater TUNEL index and occludin expression in the distal colon than D counterpart. GCindex differentiated the colonic health status of the experimental groups in the order (ED > DE > D; P < 0.001) as a 17-51 range-quotation, ED, DE, and D groups displayed the values 43, 32.5, and 27, respectively. Thus, CFE-RM used as a T2DM preventive therapy could induce higher GM richness, more adequate SCFAs production, and better colonic barrier integrity. Furthermore, CFE-RM used with curative purposes induced more modest changes and mainly at the distal colonic mucosa. Further studies are needed to confirm this study's results, to ascertain the benefits of consuming proanthocyanidins-rich fiber during different T2DM stages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrián Macho-González
- Nutrition and Food Science Department (Nutrition), Pharmacy School, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Alba Garcimartín
- Pharmacology, Pharmacognosy and Botany Department, Pharmacy School, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Noemí Redondo
- Institute of Food Science, Technology and Nutrition (ICTAN-CSIC), Spain
| | - Susana Cofrades
- Institute of Food Science, Technology and Nutrition (ICTAN-CSIC), Spain
| | - Sara Bastida
- Nutrition and Food Science Department (Nutrition), Pharmacy School, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Esther Nova
- Institute of Food Science, Technology and Nutrition (ICTAN-CSIC), Spain
| | - Juana Benedí
- Pharmacology, Pharmacognosy and Botany Department, Pharmacy School, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Francisco J Sánchez-Muniz
- Nutrition and Food Science Department (Nutrition), Pharmacy School, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ascensión Marcos
- Institute of Food Science, Technology and Nutrition (ICTAN-CSIC), Spain
| | - M Elvira López-Oliva
- Departmental Section of Physiology, Pharmacy School, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain.
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Rüb AM, Tsakmaklis A, Gräfe SK, Simon MC, Vehreschild MJ, Wuethrich I. Biomarkers of human gut microbiota diversity and dysbiosis. Biomark Med 2021; 15:137-148. [PMID: 33442994 DOI: 10.2217/bmm-2020-0353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2020] [Accepted: 11/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The association of gut microbiota dysbiosis with various human diseases is being substantiated with increasing evidence. Metabolites derived from both, microbiota and the human host play a central role in disease susceptibility and disease progression by extensively modulating host physiology and metabolism. Several of these metabolites have the potential to serve as diagnostic biomarkers for monitoring disease states in conjunction with intestinal microbiota dysbiosis. In this narrative review we evaluate the potential of trimethylamine-N-oxide, short-chain fatty acids, 3-indoxyl sulfate, p-cresyl sulfate, secondary bile acids, hippurate, human β-defensin-2, chromogranin A, secreted immunoglobulins and zonulin to serve as biomarkers for metabolite profiling and diagnostic suitability for dysbiosis and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alina M Rüb
- Department I of Internal Medicine, University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Anastasia Tsakmaklis
- Department I of Internal Medicine, University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Stefanie K Gräfe
- Department I of Internal Medicine, University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Marie-Christine Simon
- Department of Nutrition & Food Sciences, Nutrition & Microbiota, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Maria Jgt Vehreschild
- Department of Internal Medicine, Infectious Diseases, University Hospital Frankfurt, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Irene Wuethrich
- Department of Biosystems Science & Engineering, ETH Zurich, Basel, Switzerland
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Lv Z, Shan X, Tu Q, Wang J, Chen J, Yang Y. Ginkgolide B treatment regulated intestinal flora to improve high-fat diet induced atherosclerosis in ApoE−/− mice. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 134:111100. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2020.111100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2020] [Revised: 11/30/2020] [Accepted: 12/02/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
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Ramírez-Macías I, Orenes-Piñero E, Camelo-Castillo A, Rivera-Caravaca JM, López-García C, Marín F. Novel insights in the relationship of gut microbiota and coronary artery diseases. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2021; 62:3738-3750. [PMID: 33399007 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2020.1868397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Atherosclerosis is a chronic, progressive, inflammatory disease in the vasculature and is common in both coronary and peripheral arteries. Human beings harbor a complex and dynamic population of microorganisms defined as the microbiota. Importantly, alterations in the bacterial composition (dysbiosis) and the metabolic compounds produced by these bacteria have been associated with the pathogenesis of many inflammatory diseases and infections. There is also a close relationship between intestinal microbiota and cardiovascular diseases. The aim of this review was to analyze how changes in the gut microbiota and their metabolites might affect coronary artery diseases. The most representative groups of bacteria that make up the intestinal microbiota are altered in coronary artery disease patients, resulting in a decrease in Bacteroidetes and an increase in Firmicutes. In relation to metabolites, trimethylamine-N-oxide plays an important role in atherosclerosis and may act as a cardiovascular risk predictor. In addition, the use of probiotics, prebiotics, diet modulation, and fecal transplantation, which may represent alternative treatments for these diseases, is thoroughly discussed. Finally, the role of lipid-lowering treatments is also analyzed as they may affect and alter the gut microbiota and, conversely, gut microbiota diversity could be associated with resistance or sensitivity to these treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inmaculada Ramírez-Macías
- Department of Cardiology, Hospital Clínico Universitario Virgen de la Arrixaca, University of Murcia, Instituto Murciano de Investigación Biosanitaria (IMIB-Arrixaca), CIBERCV, Murcia, Spain
| | - Esteban Orenes-Piñero
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology-A, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - Anny Camelo-Castillo
- Department of Cardiology, Hospital Clínico Universitario Virgen de la Arrixaca, University of Murcia, Instituto Murciano de Investigación Biosanitaria (IMIB-Arrixaca), CIBERCV, Murcia, Spain
| | - José Miguel Rivera-Caravaca
- Department of Cardiology, Hospital Clínico Universitario Virgen de la Arrixaca, University of Murcia, Instituto Murciano de Investigación Biosanitaria (IMIB-Arrixaca), CIBERCV, Murcia, Spain
| | - Cecilia López-García
- Department of Cardiology, Hospital Clínico Universitario Virgen de la Arrixaca, University of Murcia, Instituto Murciano de Investigación Biosanitaria (IMIB-Arrixaca), CIBERCV, Murcia, Spain
| | - Francisco Marín
- Department of Cardiology, Hospital Clínico Universitario Virgen de la Arrixaca, University of Murcia, Instituto Murciano de Investigación Biosanitaria (IMIB-Arrixaca), CIBERCV, Murcia, Spain
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Delgado J, Ansorena D, Van Hecke T, Astiasarán I, De Smet S, Estévez M. Meat lipids, NaCl and carnitine: Do they unveil the conundrum of the association between red and processed meat intake and cardiovascular diseases?_Invited Review. Meat Sci 2021; 171:108278. [DOI: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2020.108278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2020] [Revised: 08/07/2020] [Accepted: 08/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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Associations between untargeted plasma metabolomic signatures and gut microbiota composition in the Milieu Intérieur population of healthy adults. Br J Nutr 2020; 126:982-992. [PMID: 33298217 DOI: 10.1017/s0007114520004870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Host-microbial co-metabolism products are being increasingly recognised to play important roles in physiological processes. However, studies undertaking a comprehensive approach to consider host-microbial metabolic relationships remain scarce. Metabolomic analysis yielding detailed information regarding metabolites found in a given biological compartment holds promise for such an approach. This work aimed to explore the associations between host plasma metabolomic signatures and gut microbiota composition in healthy adults of the Milieu Intérieur study. For 846 subjects, gut microbiota composition was profiled through sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene in stools. Metabolomic signatures were generated through proton NMR analysis of plasma. The associations between metabolomic variables and α- and β-diversity indexes and relative taxa abundances were tested using multi-adjusted partial Spearman correlations, permutational ANOVA and multivariate associations with linear models, respectively. A multiple testing correction was applied (Benjamini-Hochberg, 10 % false discovery rate). Microbial richness was negatively associated with lipid-related signals and positively associated with amino acids, choline, creatinine, glucose and citrate (-0·133 ≤ Spearman's ρ ≤ 0·126). Specific associations between metabolomic signals and abundances of taxa were detected (twenty-five at the genus level and nineteen at the species level): notably, numerous associations were observed for creatinine (positively associated with eleven species and negatively associated with Faecalibacterium prausnitzii). This large-scale population-based study highlights metabolites associated with gut microbial features and provides new insights into the understanding of complex host-gut microbiota metabolic relationships. In particular, our results support the implication of a 'gut-kidney axis'. More studies providing a detailed exploration of these complex interactions and their implications for host health are needed.
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43
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Abbasalizad Farhangi M, Vajdi M. Gut microbiota–associated trimethylamine N-oxide and increased cardiometabolic risk in adults: a systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis. Nutr Rev 2020; 79:1022-1042. [DOI: 10.1093/nutrit/nuaa111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Context
Several studies suggest a relationship between trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO) concentrations and increased cardiometabolic risk, but findings are controversial.
Objective
The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to summarize evidence of the relationship between circulating TMAO levels and risk of hypertension and increased serum lipids in a dose-response and 2-class meta-analysis of discrete and continuous variables.
Data Sources
PubMed, Scopus, Cochrane, and ProQuest databases were searched.
Study Selection
Observational studies that reported disease status of participants (≥ 18 years), type of sample in which TMAO was measured (serum or plasma), and results based on at least 2 categories of TMAO concentrations, including relative risks, hazard ratios, or odds ratios with 95%CIs for cardiometabolic risk factors in association with circulating TMAO levels were selected. Papers were reviewed independently by both authors. The Newcastle-Ottawa Scale was used to assess the quality of included studies.
Data Extraction
The following data were extracted: first author’s name, publication year, study design, study location, demographic information of participants, and concentrations of circulating TMAO.
Results
Eighteen studies were included in the meta-analysis. There was a dose-response relationship between circulating TMAO and increased odds of hypertension in cohort studies (P for nonlinearity = 0.049), in plasma-derived TMAO samples (P for nonlinearity = 0.043), in patients with cardiovascular disease (P for nonlinearity = 0.048), and in apparently healthy individuals from community-based studies (P for nonlinearity = 0.005). Moreover, the highest category of TMAO concentrations was associated with a 2.36 mmHg increase in systolic blood pressure when compared with the lowest category. The dose-response meta-analysis of continuous variables revealed that an increase in TMAO is associated with reduced high-density lipoprotein cholesterol in apparently healthy individuals and reduced high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and increased total cholesterol in patients with cardiovascular disease.
Conclusions
Circulating TMAO is positively associated with an increased risk of hypertension and other cardiometabolic disorders in adults.
Systematic Review Registration
PROSPERO identification number CRD42019138296.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mahdi Vajdi
- Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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NLRP3 inflammasome deficiency attenuates metabolic disturbances involving alterations in the gut microbial profile in mice exposed to high fat diet. Sci Rep 2020; 10:21006. [PMID: 33273482 PMCID: PMC7712828 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-76497-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2020] [Accepted: 10/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity-related diseases (e.g. type 2 diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular disorders) represent an increasing health problem worldwide. NLRP3 inflammasome activation may underlie obesity-induced inflammation and insulin resistance, and NLRP3 deficient mice exposed to high fat diet (HFD) appear to be protected from left ventricle (LV) concentric remodeling. Herein, we investigated if these beneficial effects were associated with alterations in plasma metabolites, using metabolomic and lipidomic analysis, and gut microbiota composition, using 16S rRNA sequencing of cecum content, comparing NLRP3 deficient and wild type (WT) mice on HFD and control diet. Obese NLRP3 deficient mice had lower systemic ceramide levels, potentially resulting attenuating inflammation, altered hepatic expression of fatty acids (FA) with lower mono-saturated FA and higher polyunsaturated FA levels, potentially counteracting development of liver steatosis, downregulated myocardial energy metabolism as assessed by proteomic analyses of LV heart tissue, and different levels of bile acids as compared with WT mice. These changes were accompanied by an altered composition of gut microbiota associated with decreased systemic levels of tri-methylamine-N-oxide and lipopolysaccharide, potentially inducing attenuating systemic inflammation and beneficial effects on lipid metabolism. Our findings support a role of NLRP3 inflammasome in the interface between metabolic and inflammatory stress, involving an altered gut microbiota composition.
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Lewis CV, Taylor WR. Intestinal barrier dysfunction as a therapeutic target for cardiovascular disease. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2020; 319:H1227-H1233. [PMID: 32986965 PMCID: PMC7792706 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00612.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2020] [Revised: 09/16/2020] [Accepted: 09/27/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The gut microbiome and intestinal dysfunction have emerged as potential contributors to the development of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Alterations in gut microbiome are well documented in hypertension, atherosclerosis, and heart failure and have been investigated as a therapeutic target. However, a perhaps underappreciated but related role for intestinal barrier function has become evident. Increased intestinal permeability is observed in patients and mouse models of CVD. This increased intestinal permeability can enhance systemic inflammation, alter gut immune function, and has been demonstrated as predictive of adverse cardiovascular outcomes. The goal of this review is to examine the evidence supporting a role for intestinal barrier function in cardiovascular disease and its prospect as a novel therapeutic target. We outline key studies that have investigated intestinal permeability in hypertension, coronary artery disease, atherosclerosis, heart failure, and myocardial infarction. We highlight the central mechanisms involved in the breakdown of barrier function and look at emerging evidence for restored barrier function as a contributor to promising treatment strategies such as short chain fatty acid, probiotic, and renin angiotensin system-targeted therapeutics. Recent studies of more selective targeting of the intestinal barrier to improve disease outcomes are also examined. We suggest that although current data supporting a contribution of intestinal permeability to CVD pathogenesis are largely associative, it appears to be a promising avenue for further investigation. Additional studies of the mechanisms of barrier restoration in CVD and testing of intestinal barrier-targeted compounds will be required to confirm their potential as a new class of CVD therapeutic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caitlin V Lewis
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - W Robert Taylor
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia
- Cardiology Division, Atlanta Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Atlanta, Georgia
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Emory University School of Medicine and Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia
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Sánchez-Alcoholado L, Ordóñez R, Otero A, Plaza-Andrade I, Laborda-Illanes A, Medina JA, Ramos-Molina B, Gómez-Millán J, Queipo-Ortuño MI. Gut Microbiota-Mediated Inflammation and Gut Permeability in Patients with Obesity and Colorectal Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21186782. [PMID: 32947866 PMCID: PMC7555154 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21186782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2020] [Revised: 09/11/2020] [Accepted: 09/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity is considered an important factor that increases the risk of colorectal cancer (CRC). So far, the association of gut microbiota with both obesity and cancer has been described independently. Nevertheless, a specific obesity-related microbial profile linked to CRC development has not been identified. The aim of this study was to determine the gut microbiota composition in fecal samples from CRC patients with (OB-CRC) and without obesity (L-CRC) compared to the microbiota profile present in non-obese healthy controls (L-HC), in order to unravel the possible relationship between gut microbiota and microbial-derived metabolite trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO), the inflammatory status, and the intestinal permeability in the context of obesity-associated CRC. The presence of obesity does not induce significant changes in the diversity and richness of intestinal bacteria of CRC patients. Nevertheless, OB-CRC patients display a specific gut microbiota profile characterized by a reduction in butyrate-producing bacteria and an overabundance of opportunistic pathogens, which in turn could be responsible, at least in part, for the higher levels of proinflammatory cytokine IL-1β, the deleterious bacterial metabolite TMAO, and gut permeability found in these patients. These results suggest a possible role of obesity-related gut microbiota in the development of CRC, which could give new clues for the design of new diagnostic tools for CRC prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lidia Sánchez-Alcoholado
- Unidad de Gestión Clínica Intercentros de Oncología Médica, Hospitales Universitarios Regional y Virgen de la Victoria, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA)-CIMES-UMA, 29010 Málaga, Spain; (L.S.-A.); (I.P.-A.); (A.L.-I.)
- Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Málaga, Campus de Teatinos s/n, 29071 Málaga, Spain
| | - Rafael Ordóñez
- Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Oncología Radioterápica, Hospital Universitario Virgen de la Victoria, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), 29010 Málaga, Spain; (R.O.); (A.O.); (J.A.M.)
| | - Ana Otero
- Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Oncología Radioterápica, Hospital Universitario Virgen de la Victoria, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), 29010 Málaga, Spain; (R.O.); (A.O.); (J.A.M.)
| | - Isaac Plaza-Andrade
- Unidad de Gestión Clínica Intercentros de Oncología Médica, Hospitales Universitarios Regional y Virgen de la Victoria, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA)-CIMES-UMA, 29010 Málaga, Spain; (L.S.-A.); (I.P.-A.); (A.L.-I.)
| | - Aurora Laborda-Illanes
- Unidad de Gestión Clínica Intercentros de Oncología Médica, Hospitales Universitarios Regional y Virgen de la Victoria, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA)-CIMES-UMA, 29010 Málaga, Spain; (L.S.-A.); (I.P.-A.); (A.L.-I.)
- Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Málaga, Campus de Teatinos s/n, 29071 Málaga, Spain
| | - José Antonio Medina
- Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Oncología Radioterápica, Hospital Universitario Virgen de la Victoria, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), 29010 Málaga, Spain; (R.O.); (A.O.); (J.A.M.)
| | - Bruno Ramos-Molina
- Grupo de Cirugía Digestiva, Endocrina y Transplante de Órganos Abdominales, Instituto Murciano de Investigación Biosanitaria (IMIB-Arrixaca), 30120 Murcia, Spain;
| | - Jaime Gómez-Millán
- Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Oncología Radioterápica, Hospital Universitario Virgen de la Victoria, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), 29010 Málaga, Spain; (R.O.); (A.O.); (J.A.M.)
- Correspondence: (J.G.-M.); (M.I.Q.-O.)
| | - María Isabel Queipo-Ortuño
- Unidad de Gestión Clínica Intercentros de Oncología Médica, Hospitales Universitarios Regional y Virgen de la Victoria, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA)-CIMES-UMA, 29010 Málaga, Spain; (L.S.-A.); (I.P.-A.); (A.L.-I.)
- Correspondence: (J.G.-M.); (M.I.Q.-O.)
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de Souza-Basqueira M, Ribeiro RM, de Oliveira LC, Moreira CHV, Martins RCR, Franco DC, Amado PPP, Mayer MPA, Sabino EC. Gut Dysbiosis in Chagas Disease. A Possible Link to the Pathogenesis. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2020; 10:402. [PMID: 32974213 PMCID: PMC7466656 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2020.00402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2019] [Accepted: 06/30/2020] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Chagas disease is caused by the flagellate protozoan Trypanosoma cruzi. Cardiomyopathy and damage to gastrointestinal tissue are the main disease manifestations. There are data suggesting that the immune response to T. cruzi depends on the intestinal microbiota. We hypothesized that Chagas disease is associated with an altered gut microbiome and that these changes are related to the disease phenotype. The stool microbiome from 104 individuals, 73 with Chagas disease (30 with the cardiac, 11 with the digestive, and 32 with the indeterminate form), and 31 healthy controls was characterized using 16S rRNA amplification and sequencing. The QIIME (Quantitative Insights Into Microbial Ecology) platform was used to analyze the data. Alpha and beta diversity indexes did not indicate differences between the groups. However, the relative abundance of Verrucomicrobia, represented primarily by the genus Akkermansia, was significantly lower in the Chagas disease groups, especially the cardiac group, compared to the controls. Furthermore, differences in the relative abundances of Alistipes, Bilophila, and Dialister were observed between the groups. We conclude that T. cruzi infection results in changes in the gut microbiome that may play a role in the myocardial and intestinal inflammation seen in Chagas disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcela de Souza-Basqueira
- Departamento de Doenças Infecciosas e Parasitárias, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.,Instituto de Medicina Tropical da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Roberto Marques Ribeiro
- Departamento de Doenças Infecciosas e Parasitárias, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.,Instituto de Medicina Tropical da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Léa Campos de Oliveira
- Laboratório de Investigação Médica (LIM03), Hospital das Clinicas de São Paulo, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Carlos Henrique Valente Moreira
- Instituto de Medicina Tropical da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.,Instituto de Infectologia "Emílio Ribas", São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Roberta Cristina Ruedas Martins
- Departamento de Doenças Infecciosas e Parasitárias, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.,Instituto de Medicina Tropical da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Pâmela Pontes Penas Amado
- Departamento de Microbiologia, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Marcia Pinto Alves Mayer
- Departamento de Microbiologia, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ester Cerdeira Sabino
- Departamento de Doenças Infecciosas e Parasitárias, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.,Instituto de Medicina Tropical da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.,Fundação Faculdade de Medicina, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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48
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Abstract
Changes in human body systems influence metabolism and may cause disease. The intestinal microbiota influence health and is itself influenced by factors including diet and drugs. Investigation of the relationship of the intestinal microbiota and chronic conditions like coronary heart disease (CHD) has been facilitated by advances in sequencing technology. Some studies have identified changes in the composition and the metabolism of intestinal microbiota in patients with CHD, including increases in phyla Bacteroidetes and Proteobacteria and decreases in phyla Firmicutes and Fusobacteria. The ratio of two metabolites of intestinal bacteria, trimethylamine and trimethylamine N-oxide, has been found to be related to CHD. This review summarizes recent research to provide ideas for further research on the relationships between intestinal microbiota and CHD and on the preventive measures for CHD.
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49
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Microbial Signature in Adipose Tissue of Crohn's Disease Patients. J Clin Med 2020; 9:jcm9082448. [PMID: 32751800 PMCID: PMC7465250 DOI: 10.3390/jcm9082448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2020] [Revised: 07/28/2020] [Accepted: 07/29/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Crohn’s disease (CD) is characterized by compromised immune tolerance to the intestinal commensal microbiota, intestinal barrier inflammation, and hyperplasia of creeping fat (CF) and mesenteric adipose tissue (AT), which seems to be directly related to disease activity. Gut microbiota dysbiosis might be a determining factor in CD etiology, manifesting as a low microbial diversity and a high abundance of potentially pathogenic bacteria. We tested the hypothesis that CF is a reservoir of bacteria through 16S-rRNA sequencing of several AT depots of patients with active and inactive disease and controls. We found a microbiome signature within CF and mesenteric AT from patients, but not in subcutaneous fat. We failed to detect bacterial DNA in any fat depot of controls. Proteobacteria was the most abundant phylum in both CF and mesenteric AT, and positively correlated with fecal calprotectin/C-reactive protein. Notably, the clinical status of patients seemed to be related to the microbiome signature, as those with the inactive disease showed a reduction in the abundance of pathogenic bacteria. Predictive functional profiling revealed many metabolic pathways including lipopolysaccharide biosynthesis and sulfur metabolism overrepresented in active CD relative to that in inactive CD. Our findings demonstrate that microbiota dysbiosis associated with CD pathophysiology is reflected in AT and might contribute to disease severity.
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50
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Yan Z, Wu H, Zhou H, Chen S, He Y, Zhang W, Chen T, Yao H, Su W. Integrated metabolomics and gut microbiome to the effects and mechanisms of naoxintong capsule on type 2 diabetes in rats. Sci Rep 2020; 10:10829. [PMID: 32616735 PMCID: PMC7331749 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-67362-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2019] [Accepted: 06/04/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Naoxintong Capsule (NXT) is a Traditional Chinese Medicine formulation which has been widely applied in treating cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. Previous studies also reported the potential effects of NXT against diabetes and certain complications, yet its mechanisms remain largely obscured. Herein, in this study, we investigated the anti-diabetic effects of NXT as well as its potential mechanisms. Type 2 diabetes (T2D) was induced in rats by 10-week high-fat diet in companion with a low-dose streptozotocin injection. NXT was administrated for additional 8 weeks. The results showed that NXT exerted potent efficacy against T2D by alleviating hyperglycemia and hyperlipidemia, ameliorating insulin resistance, mitigating inflammation, relieving hypertension, and reducing myocardial injuries. To investigate its mechanisms, by integrating sequencing of gut microbiota and serum untargeted metabolomics, we showed that NXT could significantly recover the disturbances of gut microbiota and metabolic phenotypes in T2D rats. Several feature pathways, such as arachidonic acid metabolism, fatty acid β-oxidation and glycerophospholipid metabolism, were identified as the potential mechanisms of NXT in vivo. In summary, our study has comprehensively revealed the anti-diabetic effects of NXT which could be considered as a promising strategy for treating metabolic disorders, T2D and diabetic related complications in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zenghao Yan
- Guangdong Engineering and Technology Research Center for Quality and Efficacy Reevaluation of Post-Market Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, People's Republic of China
| | - Hao Wu
- Guangdong Engineering and Technology Research Center for Quality and Efficacy Reevaluation of Post-Market Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, People's Republic of China.
| | - Haokui Zhou
- Institute of Synthetic Biology, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, 518055, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuo Chen
- Institute of Synthetic Biology, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, 518055, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan He
- Guangdong Engineering and Technology Research Center for Quality and Efficacy Reevaluation of Post-Market Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, People's Republic of China
| | - Weijian Zhang
- Guangdong Engineering and Technology Research Center for Quality and Efficacy Reevaluation of Post-Market Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, People's Republic of China
| | - Taobin Chen
- Guangdong Engineering and Technology Research Center for Quality and Efficacy Reevaluation of Post-Market Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongliang Yao
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Conservation and Resource Utilization, Guangdong Public Laboratory of Wild Animal Conservation and Utilization, Drug Synthesis and Evaluation Center, Guangdong Institute of Applied Biological Resources, Guangdong, 510260, People's Republic of China
| | - Weiwei Su
- Guangdong Engineering and Technology Research Center for Quality and Efficacy Reevaluation of Post-Market Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, People's Republic of China
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