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Aldridge RL, Gibson S, Linthicum KJ. Aedes aegypti Controls AE. Aegypti: SIT and IIT-An Overview. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MOSQUITO CONTROL ASSOCIATION 2024; 40:32-49. [PMID: 38427588 DOI: 10.2987/23-7154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/03/2024]
Abstract
The sterile insect technique (SIT) and the incompatible insect technique (IIT) are emerging and potentially revolutionary tools for controlling Aedes aegypti (L.), a prominent worldwide mosquito vector threat to humans that is notoriously difficult to reduce or eliminate in intervention areas using traditional integrated vector management (IVM) approaches. Here we provide an overview of the discovery, development, and application of SIT and IIT to Ae. aegypti control, and innovations and advances in technology, including transgenics, that could elevate these techniques to a worldwide sustainable solution to Ae. aegypti when combined with other IVM practices.
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Kempraj V, Auth J, Cha DH, Mason CJ. Impact of Larval Food Source on the Stability of the Bactrocera dorsalis Microbiome. MICROBIAL ECOLOGY 2024; 87:46. [PMID: 38407587 PMCID: PMC10896919 DOI: 10.1007/s00248-024-02352-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2024]
Abstract
Bacterial symbionts are crucial to the biology of Bactrocera dorsalis. With larval diet (fruit host) being a key factor that determines microbiome composition and with B. dorsalis using more than 400 fruits as hosts, it is unclear if certain bacterial symbionts are preserved and are passed on to B. dorsalis progenies despite changes in larval diet. Here, we conducted a fly rearing experiment to characterize diet-induced changes in the microbiome of female B. dorsalis. In order to explicitly investigate the impacts of larval diet on the microbiome, including potential stable bacterial constituents of B. dorsalis, we performed 16S rRNA sequencing on the gut tissues of teneral female flies reared from four different host fruits (guava, mango, papaya, and rose apple) infested using a single cohort of wild B. dorsalis that emerged from tropical almond (mother flies). Although B. dorsalis-associated microbiota were predominantly shaped by the larval diet, some major bacterial species from the mother flies were retained in progenies raised on different larval diets. With some variation, Klebsiella (ASV 1 and 2), Morganella (ASV 3), and Providencia (ASV 6) were the major bacterial symbionts that were stable and made up 0.1-80% of the gut and ovipositor microbiome of female teneral flies reared on different host fruits. Our results suggest that certain groups of bacteria are stably associated with female B. dorsalis across larval diets. These findings provide a basis for unexplored research on symbiotic bacterial function in B. dorsalis and may aid in the development of novel management techniques against this devastating pest of horticultural importance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vivek Kempraj
- USDA-ARS, Tropical Crop and Commodity Protection Research Unit, Daniel K Inouye US Pacific Basin Agriculture Research Center, Hilo, HI, 96720, USA
- College of Tropical Agriculture and Human Resources, Komohana Research and Extension Center, University of Hawai'i, Hilo, HI, 96720, USA
| | - Jean Auth
- USDA-ARS, Tropical Pest Genetics and Molecular Biology Research Unit, Daniel K Inouye US Pacific Basin Agriculture Research Center, Hilo, HI, 96720, USA
| | - Dong H Cha
- USDA-ARS, Tropical Crop and Commodity Protection Research Unit, Daniel K Inouye US Pacific Basin Agriculture Research Center, Hilo, HI, 96720, USA.
| | - Charles J Mason
- USDA-ARS, Tropical Pest Genetics and Molecular Biology Research Unit, Daniel K Inouye US Pacific Basin Agriculture Research Center, Hilo, HI, 96720, USA.
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Castro-López C, Pascacio-Villafán C, Aluja M, García HS, González-Córdova AF, Vallejo-Cordoba B, Hernández-Mendoza A. Safety Assessment of the Potential Probiotic Bacterium Limosilactobacillus fermentum J23 Using the Mexican Fruit Fly (Anastrepha ludens Loew, Diptera: Tephritidae) as a Novel In Vivo Model. Probiotics Antimicrob Proteins 2024; 16:233-248. [PMID: 36574190 DOI: 10.1007/s12602-022-10034-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Safety assessment of probiotics is difficult but essential. In this work, the Mexican fruit fly, Anastrepha ludens (Loew) (Diptera: Tephritidae), was used as in vivo model to assess the biosafety of Limosilactobacillus fermentum J23. In the first set of experiments, the strain was orally administered to adult flies through direct feeding, whereas in the second set of experiments, it was supplemented through the larval rearing medium. Data showed that L. fermentum J23 did not lead to increased mortality or treatment-related toxicity signs in adult female and male flies. Ingestion of L. fermentum J23 by adult female flies led to a statistically significant improvement in locomotor activity compared to the control groups (ca. 59% decrease in climbing time, p < 0.0001). A positive trend in lifespan extension under stress (maximum lifespan = 144 h) was also observed. When L. fermentum J23 was administered to the larvae, the adult emergence (p = 0.0099), sex ratio (p = 0.0043), and flight ability (p = 0.0009) increased significantly by 7%, 31%, and 8%, respectively, compared to the control diet. No statistical effect between the control diet and the L. fermentum J23-based diet for the number of pupae recovered, pupal weight, duration of the pupal stage, lifespan under stress, and morphological development was observed. We conclude that feeding L. fermentum J23 to the novel experimental model A. ludens had no toxic effects and could be safely considered a potential probiotic for food supplements; however, further studies are still needed to establish its biosafety in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cecilia Castro-López
- Laboratorio de Química y Biotecnología de Productos Lácteos, Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y Desarrollo A.C. ‒ CIAD, Carretera Gustavo Enrique Astiazarán Rosas 46, Hermosillo, 83304, Sonora, México
| | - Carlos Pascacio-Villafán
- Clúster Científico y Tecnológico BioMimic®, Red de Manejo Biorracional de Plagas y Vectores, Instituto de Ecología A.C. ‒ INECOL, Carretera Antigua a Coatepec 351, Veracruz, 91073, Xalapa, México
| | - Martin Aluja
- Clúster Científico y Tecnológico BioMimic®, Red de Manejo Biorracional de Plagas y Vectores, Instituto de Ecología A.C. ‒ INECOL, Carretera Antigua a Coatepec 351, Veracruz, 91073, Xalapa, México.
| | - Hugo S García
- Unidad de Investigación y Desarrollo de Alimentos, Tecnológico Nacional de México, Instituto Tecnológico de Veracruz, Miguel Ángel de Quevedo 2779, Veracruz, 91897, Veracruz, México
| | - Aarón F González-Córdova
- Laboratorio de Química y Biotecnología de Productos Lácteos, Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y Desarrollo A.C. ‒ CIAD, Carretera Gustavo Enrique Astiazarán Rosas 46, Hermosillo, 83304, Sonora, México
| | - Belinda Vallejo-Cordoba
- Laboratorio de Química y Biotecnología de Productos Lácteos, Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y Desarrollo A.C. ‒ CIAD, Carretera Gustavo Enrique Astiazarán Rosas 46, Hermosillo, 83304, Sonora, México
| | - Adrián Hernández-Mendoza
- Laboratorio de Química y Biotecnología de Productos Lácteos, Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y Desarrollo A.C. ‒ CIAD, Carretera Gustavo Enrique Astiazarán Rosas 46, Hermosillo, 83304, Sonora, México.
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Haytham H, Kamel C, Wafa D, Salma F, Naima BM, George T, Ameur C, Msaad Guerfali M. Probiotic consortium modulating the gut microbiota composition and function of sterile Mediterranean fruit flies. Sci Rep 2024; 14:1058. [PMID: 38212383 PMCID: PMC10784543 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-50679-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2024] Open
Abstract
The sterile insect technique (SIT) remains a successful approach in managing pest insects. However, the long-term mass rearing and sterilizing radiation associated with SIT have been observed to induce physiological and ecological fitness decline in target insects. This decline may be attributed to various factors, including commensal microbiota dysbiosis, selection procedures, loss of heterozygosity, and other complex interactions.. There is evidence that the bacterial symbiont of insects may play critical roles in digestion, development, reproduction, and behavior. Probiotics are an increasingly common approach for restoring the intestinal microbiota structure and fitness parameters of sterile insects, particularly in the Vienna 8 genetic sexing strain (V8-GSS) of the Mediterranean fruit fly (medfly), Ceratitis capitata. Here, we explore the influence of the previously isolated bacterial strain, Lactococcus lactis, Enterobacter sp., and Klebsiella oxytoca, administration as probiotic consortia (LEK-PC) to the larvae and/or adult diet over the course of 20 rearing generations on fitness parameters. The experiment was carried out in four colonies: a control colony (C), one to which probiotics were not added, one to which probiotics were added to the larval medium (L+), one to which probiotics were added to the adult medium (A+), and one to which probiotics were added to both the larval and adult mediums (AL+). Emergence, flight ability, survival under stress conditions, and mating competitiveness, were all significantly improved by the LEK-PC treatment independently of the administration stage. The intestinal microbiota structure of various medfly V8-GSS colonies also underwent a significant shift, despite the fact that the core microbial community was unaffected by the LEK-PC administration stage, according to 16S metagenomics sequencing. Comparison of the metabolic function prediction and associated carbohydrate enzymes among colonies treated with "LEK-PC" showed an enrichment of metabolic functions related to carbohydrates, amino acids, cofactors, and vitamins metabolism, as well as, glycoside hydrolase enzymes in the AL+ colony compared to the control. This study enriches the knowledge regarding the benefits of probiotic treatment to modulate and restore the intestinal microbiota of C. capitata sterile males for a better effectiveness of the SIT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamden Haytham
- Laboratory of Biotechnology and Nuclear Technologies, LR16CNSTN01, National Centre of Nuclear Sciences and Technologies, Sidi Thabet, Tunisia
| | - Charaabi Kamel
- Laboratory of Biotechnology and Nuclear Technologies, LR16CNSTN01, National Centre of Nuclear Sciences and Technologies, Sidi Thabet, Tunisia
| | - Djobbi Wafa
- Laboratory of Biotechnology and Nuclear Technologies, LR16CNSTN01, National Centre of Nuclear Sciences and Technologies, Sidi Thabet, Tunisia
| | - Fadhel Salma
- Laboratory of Biotechnology and Nuclear Technologies, LR16CNSTN01, National Centre of Nuclear Sciences and Technologies, Sidi Thabet, Tunisia
| | - Bel Mokhtar Naima
- Laboratory of Systems Microbiology and Applied Genomics, Department of Sustainable Agriculture, University of Patras, Agrinio, Greece
- Laboratory of Innovative Technology, National School of Applied Sciences of Tangier, Abdelmalek Essâadi University, Tétouan, Morocco
| | - Tsiamis George
- Laboratory of Systems Microbiology and Applied Genomics, Department of Sustainable Agriculture, University of Patras, Agrinio, Greece
| | - Cherif Ameur
- Higher Institute of Biotechnology Sidi Thabet, BVBGR-LR11ES31, University of Manouba, Biotechpole Sidi Thabet, Ariana, Tunisia
| | - Meriem Msaad Guerfali
- Laboratory of Biotechnology and Nuclear Technologies, LR16CNSTN01, National Centre of Nuclear Sciences and Technologies, Sidi Thabet, Tunisia.
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Gao HH, Zhao S, Wang RJ, Qin DY, Chen P, Zhang AS, Zhuang QY, Zhai YF, Zhou XH. Gut bacterium promotes host fitness in special ecological niche by affecting sugar metabolism in Drosophila suzukii. INSECT SCIENCE 2023; 30:1713-1733. [PMID: 36810869 DOI: 10.1111/1744-7917.13189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2022] [Revised: 02/09/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
As an important fruit pest of global significance, Drosophila suzukii occupies a special ecological niche, with the characteristics of high sugar and low protein contents. This niche differs from those occupied by other fruit-damaging Drosophila species. Gut bacteria substantially impact the physiology and ecology of insects. However, the contribution of gut microbes to the fitness of D. suzukii in their special ecological niche remains unclear. In this study, the effect of Klebsiella oxytoca on the development of D. suzukii was examined at physiological and molecular levels. The results showed that, after the removal of gut microbiota, the survival rate and longevity of axenic D. suzukii decreased significantly. Reintroduction of K. oxytoca to the midgut of D. suzukii advanced the development level of D. suzukii. The differentially expressed genes and metabolites between axenic and K. oxytoca-reintroduced D. suzukii were enriched in the pathways of carbohydrate metabolism. This advancement was achieved through an increased glycolysis rate and the regulation of the transcript level of key genes in the glycolysis/gluconeogenesis pathway. Klebsiella oxytoca is likely to play an important role in increasing host fitness in their high-sugar ecological niche by stimulating the glycolysis/gluconeogenesis pathway. As a protein source, bacteria can also provide direct nutrition for D. suzukii, which depends on the quantity or biomass of K. oxytoca. This result may provide a new target for controlling D. suzukii by inhibiting sugar metabolism through eliminating the effect of K. oxytoca and thus disrupting the balance of gut microbial communities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan-Huan Gao
- Institute of Plant Protection, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, China
- Shandong Academy of Grape, Jinan, China
| | - Shan Zhao
- Institute of Plant Protection, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Rui-Juan Wang
- Institute of Plant Protection, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Dong-Yun Qin
- Institute of Plant Protection, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Peng Chen
- Institute of Plant Protection, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - An-Sheng Zhang
- Institute of Plant Protection, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Qian-Ying Zhuang
- Institute of Plant Protection, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Yi-Fan Zhai
- Institute of Plant Protection, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Xian-Hong Zhou
- Institute of Plant Protection, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, China
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El Yamlahi Y, Bel Mokhtar N, Maurady A, Britel MR, Batargias C, Mutembei DE, Nyingilili HS, Malulu DJ, Malele II, Asimakis E, Stathopoulou P, Tsiamis G. Characterization of the Bacterial Profile from Natural and Laboratory Glossina Populations. INSECTS 2023; 14:840. [PMID: 37999039 PMCID: PMC10671886 DOI: 10.3390/insects14110840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Revised: 10/05/2023] [Accepted: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023]
Abstract
Tsetse flies (Glossina spp.; Diptera: Glossinidae) are viviparous flies that feed on blood and are found exclusively in sub-Saharan Africa. They are the only cyclic vectors of African trypanosomes, responsible for human African trypanosomiasis (HAT) and animal African trypanosomiasis (AAT). In this study, we employed high throughput sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene to unravel the diversity of symbiotic bacteria in five wild and three laboratory populations of tsetse species (Glossina pallidipes, G. morsitans, G. swynnertoni, and G. austeni). The aim was to assess the dynamics of bacterial diversity both within each laboratory and wild population in relation to the developmental stage, insect age, gender, and location. Our results indicated that the bacterial communities associated with the four studied Glossina species were significantly influenced by their region of origin, with wild samples being more diverse compared to the laboratory samples. We also observed that the larval microbiota was significantly different than the adults. Furthermore, the sex and the species did not significantly influence the formation of the bacterial profile of the laboratory colonies once these populations were kept under the same rearing conditions. In addition, Wigglesworthia, Acinetobacter, and Sodalis were the most abundant bacterial genera in all the samples, while Wolbachia was significantly abundant in G. morsitans compared to the other studied species. The operational taxonomic unit (OTU) co-occurrence network for each location (VVBD insectary, Doma, Makao, and Msubugwe) indicated a high variability between G. pallidipes and the other species in terms of the number of mutual exclusion and copresence interactions. In particular, some bacterial genera, like Wigglesworthia and Sodalis, with high relative abundance, were also characterized by a high degree of interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youssef El Yamlahi
- Laboratory of Innovative Technologies, National School of Applied Sciences of Tangier, Abdelmalek Essaâdi University, Tétouan 93000, Morocco; (Y.E.Y.); (N.B.M.); (A.M.); (M.R.B.)
- Faculty of Sciences and Technics of Tangier, Abdelmalek Essaâdi University, Tétouan 93000, Morocco
- Laboratory of Systems Microbiology and Applied Genomics, Department of Sustainable Agriculture, University of Patras, 2 Seferi St, 30131 Agrinio, Greece; (E.A.); (P.S.)
| | - Naima Bel Mokhtar
- Laboratory of Innovative Technologies, National School of Applied Sciences of Tangier, Abdelmalek Essaâdi University, Tétouan 93000, Morocco; (Y.E.Y.); (N.B.M.); (A.M.); (M.R.B.)
- Laboratory of Systems Microbiology and Applied Genomics, Department of Sustainable Agriculture, University of Patras, 2 Seferi St, 30131 Agrinio, Greece; (E.A.); (P.S.)
| | - Amal Maurady
- Laboratory of Innovative Technologies, National School of Applied Sciences of Tangier, Abdelmalek Essaâdi University, Tétouan 93000, Morocco; (Y.E.Y.); (N.B.M.); (A.M.); (M.R.B.)
- Faculty of Sciences and Technics of Tangier, Abdelmalek Essaâdi University, Tétouan 93000, Morocco
| | - Mohammed R. Britel
- Laboratory of Innovative Technologies, National School of Applied Sciences of Tangier, Abdelmalek Essaâdi University, Tétouan 93000, Morocco; (Y.E.Y.); (N.B.M.); (A.M.); (M.R.B.)
| | - Costas Batargias
- Department of Biology, University of Patras, 26504 Patras, Greece;
| | - Delphina E. Mutembei
- Vector & Vector Borne Diseases, Tanzania Veterinary Laboratory Agency (TVLA), Tanga P.O. Box 1026, Tanzania; (D.E.M.); (H.S.N.); (D.J.M.)
| | - Hamisi S. Nyingilili
- Vector & Vector Borne Diseases, Tanzania Veterinary Laboratory Agency (TVLA), Tanga P.O. Box 1026, Tanzania; (D.E.M.); (H.S.N.); (D.J.M.)
| | - Deusdedit J. Malulu
- Vector & Vector Borne Diseases, Tanzania Veterinary Laboratory Agency (TVLA), Tanga P.O. Box 1026, Tanzania; (D.E.M.); (H.S.N.); (D.J.M.)
| | - Imna I. Malele
- Directorate of Research and Technology Development, TVLA, Dar Es Salaam P.O. Box 9254, Tanzania;
| | - Elias Asimakis
- Laboratory of Systems Microbiology and Applied Genomics, Department of Sustainable Agriculture, University of Patras, 2 Seferi St, 30131 Agrinio, Greece; (E.A.); (P.S.)
| | - Panagiota Stathopoulou
- Laboratory of Systems Microbiology and Applied Genomics, Department of Sustainable Agriculture, University of Patras, 2 Seferi St, 30131 Agrinio, Greece; (E.A.); (P.S.)
| | - George Tsiamis
- Laboratory of Systems Microbiology and Applied Genomics, Department of Sustainable Agriculture, University of Patras, 2 Seferi St, 30131 Agrinio, Greece; (E.A.); (P.S.)
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Bi S, Wang X, Tang Y, Lei K, Guo J, Yang N, Wan F, Lü Z, Liu W. Bacterial Communities of the Internal Reproductive and Digestive Tracts of Virgin and Mated Tuta absoluta. INSECTS 2023; 14:779. [PMID: 37887791 PMCID: PMC10606990 DOI: 10.3390/insects14100779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Revised: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023]
Abstract
Microorganisms can affect host reproduction, defense, and immunity through sexual or opportunistic transmission; however, there are few studies on insect reproductive organs and intestinal bacterial communities and their effects on mating. Tuta absoluta is a worldwide quarantine pest that seriously threatens the production of Solanaceae crops, and the microbial community within tomato leafminers remains unclear. In this study, 16s rRNA sequencing was used to analyze bacterial communities related to the reproductive organs and intestinal tracts of tomato leafminers (the sample accession numbers are from CNS0856533 to CNS0856577). Different bacterial communities were found in the reproductive organs and intestinal tracts of females and males. Community ecological analysis revealed three potential signs of bacterial sexual transmission: (1) Mating increased the similarity between male and female sex organs and intestinal communities. (2) The bacteria carried by mated individuals were found in unmated individuals of the opposite sex but not in unmated individuals of the same sex. (3) The bacteria carried by unmated individuals were lost after mating. In addition, the abundances of bacterial communities carried by eggs were significantly higher than those of adult worms. Our results confirm that mating leads to the transfer of bacterial communities in the reproductive organs and gut of tomato leafminers, and suggest that this community strongly influences the reproductive process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siyan Bi
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Xiaodi Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Yanhong Tang
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Kexin Lei
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Jianyang Guo
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Nianwan Yang
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
- Institute of Western Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changji 831100, China
| | - Fanghao Wan
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Zhichuang Lü
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Wanxue Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
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Mason CJ, Auth J, Geib SM. Gut bacterial population and community dynamics following adult emergence in pest tephritid fruit flies. Sci Rep 2023; 13:13723. [PMID: 37607978 PMCID: PMC10444893 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-40562-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2023] [Accepted: 08/13/2023] [Indexed: 08/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Gut microbiota are important contributors to insect success. Host-microbe interactions are dynamic and can change as hosts age and/or encounter different environments. A turning point in these relationships the transition from immature to adult life stages, particularly for holometabolous insects where there is radical restructuring of the gut. Improved knowledge of population and community dynamics of gut microbiomes upon adult emergence inform drivers of community assembly and physiological aspects of host-microbe interactions. Here, we evaluated the bacterial communities of the pest tephritid species melon fly (Zeugodacus cucurbitae) and Medditeranean fruit fly (medfly, Ceratitis capitata) associated with the pupae life stage and timepoints immediately following adult eclosion. We used a combination of culturing to determine cultivatable bacterial titers, qPCR to determine 16S-rRNA SSU copy numbers, and 16S V4 sequencing to determine changes in communities. Both culturing and qPCR revealed that fly bacterial populations declined upon adult emergence by 10 to 100-fold followed by recovery within 24 h following eclosion. Titers reached ~ 107 CFUs (~ 108 16S rRNA copies) within a week post-emergence. We also observed concurrent changes in amplicon sequence variance (ASVs), where the ASV composition differed overtime for both melon fly and medfly adults at different timepoints. Medfly, in particular, had different microbiome compositions at each timepoint, indicating greater levels of variation before stabilization. These results demonstrate that tephritid microbiomes experience a period of flux following adult emergence, where both biomass and the makeup of the community undergoes dramatic shifts. The host-microbe dynamics we document suggest plasticity in the community and that there may be specific periods where the tephritid gut microbiome may be pliable to introduce and establish new microbial strains in the host.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charles J Mason
- Tropical Pest Genetics and Molecular Biology Research Unit, Daniel K Inouye U.S. Pacific Basin Agricultural Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, USDA, 64 Nowelo Street, Hilo, HI, 96720, USA.
| | - Jean Auth
- Tropical Pest Genetics and Molecular Biology Research Unit, Daniel K Inouye U.S. Pacific Basin Agricultural Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, USDA, 64 Nowelo Street, Hilo, HI, 96720, USA
| | - Scott M Geib
- Tropical Pest Genetics and Molecular Biology Research Unit, Daniel K Inouye U.S. Pacific Basin Agricultural Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, USDA, 64 Nowelo Street, Hilo, HI, 96720, USA
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Yamada H, Kaboré BA, Bimbilé Somda NS, Ntoyi NL, de Beer CJ, Bouyer J, Caceres C, Mach RL, Gómez-Simuta Y. Suitability of Raycell MK2 Blood X-ray Irradiator for the Use in the Sterile Insect Technique: Dose Response in Fruit Flies, Tsetse Flies and Mosquitoes. INSECTS 2023; 14:92. [PMID: 36662020 PMCID: PMC9861990 DOI: 10.3390/insects14010092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2022] [Revised: 01/04/2023] [Accepted: 01/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The sterile insect technique (SIT) is based on the inundatory field release of a target pest following their reproductive sterilization via exposure to radiation. Until recently, gamma irradiation from isotopic sources has been the most widely used in SIT programs. As isotopic sources are becoming increasingly expensive, especially for small programs, and regulations surrounding their procurement and shipment increasingly strict, irradiation capacity is one of the limiting factors in smaller or newly developing SIT projects. For this reason, the possibility of using X-ray irradiators has been evaluated in the recent decade. The availability of "off-the-shelf" blood X-ray irradiators that meet the technical requirements for insect irradiation can provide irradiation capacity for those SIT projects in which the acquisition of gamma ray irradiators is not feasible. Following the recent technical characterization of a Raycell MK2 X-ray blood irradiator, it was found in this study, that MK2 instruments were suitable for the sterilization of fruit flies, tsetse flies and mosquitoes, inducing comparable, even slightly higher, sterility levels compared to those achieved by gamma ray irradiation. This, together with its estimated processing efficiency, shows that MK2 irradiators are suitable for small- to mid-sized SIT programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanano Yamada
- Joint FAO/IAEA Centre of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, International Atomic Energy Agency, Vienna International Centre, 1400 Vienna, Austria
| | - Bénéwendé Aristide Kaboré
- Joint FAO/IAEA Centre of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, International Atomic Energy Agency, Vienna International Centre, 1400 Vienna, Austria
- Institute of Chemical, Environmental and Bioscience Engineering, Vienna University of Technology, Gumpendorfer Straße 1a, 1060 Vienna, Austria
- Insectarium de Bobo-Dioulasso-Campagne d’Eradication de la mouche Tsétsé et de la Trypanosomose, Bobo-Dioulasso BP 1087, Burkina Faso
| | - Nanwintoum Séverin Bimbilé Somda
- Joint FAO/IAEA Centre of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, International Atomic Energy Agency, Vienna International Centre, 1400 Vienna, Austria
- Unité de Formation et de Recherche en Science et Technologie (UFR/ST), Université Norbert ZONGO (UNZ), Koudougou BP 376, Burkina Faso
| | - Nonhlanhla L. Ntoyi
- Joint FAO/IAEA Centre of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, International Atomic Energy Agency, Vienna International Centre, 1400 Vienna, Austria
- Vector Reference Laboratory, National Health Laboratory Services, Centre for Emerging Zoonotic and Parasitic Diseases, National Institute for Communicable Diseases, Johannesburg 2192, South Africa
| | - Chantel Janet de Beer
- Joint FAO/IAEA Centre of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, International Atomic Energy Agency, Vienna International Centre, 1400 Vienna, Austria
| | - Jérémy Bouyer
- Joint FAO/IAEA Centre of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, International Atomic Energy Agency, Vienna International Centre, 1400 Vienna, Austria
| | - Carlos Caceres
- Joint FAO/IAEA Centre of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, International Atomic Energy Agency, Vienna International Centre, 1400 Vienna, Austria
| | - Robert L. Mach
- Institute of Chemical, Environmental and Bioscience Engineering, Vienna University of Technology, Gumpendorfer Straße 1a, 1060 Vienna, Austria
| | - Yeudiel Gómez-Simuta
- Programa Operativo Moscas, IICA-SENASICA Km 19.5, Carretera Tapachula-Ciudad Hidalgo, Metapa de Dominguez 30860, Chiapas, Mexico
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10
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Zhang K, Wang S, Yao D, Zhang X, Zhang Q, Liu W, Li Y, Yin Y, An S, Zhang R, Zhang Z. Aerobic and facultative anaerobic Klebsiella pneumoniae strains establish mutual competition and jointly promote Musca domestica development. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1102065. [PMID: 36875080 PMCID: PMC9982019 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1102065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2022] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction The gut microenvironment in housefly harbors a rich and diverse microbial community which plays a crucial role in larval development. However, little is known about the impact of specific symbiotic bacteria on larval development as well as the composition of the indigenous gut microbiota of housefly. Methods In the present study, two novel strains were isolated from housefly larval gut, i.e., Klebsiella pneumoniae KX (aerobe) and K. pneumoniae KY (facultative anaerobe). Moreover, the bacteriophages KXP/KYP specific for strains KX and KY were used to analyse the effects of K. pneumoniae on larval development. Results Our results showed that dietary supplementation with K. pneumoniae KX and KY individually promoted housefly larval growth. However, no significant synergistic effect was observed when the two bacterial strains were administered in combination. In addition, using high-throughput sequencing, it was demonstrated that the abundance of Klebsiella increased whereas that of Provincia, Serratia and Morganella decreased when housefly larvae received supplementation with K. pneumoniae KX, KY or the KX-KY mixture. Moreover, when used combined, K. pneumoniae KX/KY inhibited the growth of Pseudomonas and Providencia. When the abundance of both bacterial strains simultaneously increased, a balance in total bacterial abundance was reached. Discussion Thus, it can be assumed that strains K. pneumoniae KX and KY maintain an equilibrium to facilitate their development in housefly gut, by establishing competition but also cooperation with each other to maintain the constant composition of gut bacteria in housefly larvae. Thus, our findings highlight the essential role of K. pneumoniae in regulating the composition of the gut microbiota in insects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kexin Zhang
- School of Basic Medical Science, Shandong First Medical University, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Taian, Shandong, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center for the Origin and Control of Emerging Infectious Diseases, Shandong First Medical University, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Taian, Shandong, China
| | - Shumin Wang
- School of Basic Medical Science, Shandong First Medical University, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Taian, Shandong, China.,School of Life Science, Shandong First Medical University, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Taian, Shandong, China
| | - Dawei Yao
- School of Basic Medical Science, Shandong First Medical University, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Taian, Shandong, China.,Shandong Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Xinyu Zhang
- School of Basic Medical Science, Shandong First Medical University, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Taian, Shandong, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center for the Origin and Control of Emerging Infectious Diseases, Shandong First Medical University, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Taian, Shandong, China
| | - Qian Zhang
- School of Basic Medical Science, Shandong First Medical University, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Taian, Shandong, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center for the Origin and Control of Emerging Infectious Diseases, Shandong First Medical University, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Taian, Shandong, China
| | - Wenjuan Liu
- School of Basic Medical Science, Shandong First Medical University, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Taian, Shandong, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center for the Origin and Control of Emerging Infectious Diseases, Shandong First Medical University, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Taian, Shandong, China
| | - Ying Li
- School of Basic Medical Science, Shandong First Medical University, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Taian, Shandong, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center for the Origin and Control of Emerging Infectious Diseases, Shandong First Medical University, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Taian, Shandong, China
| | - Yansong Yin
- School of Basic Medical Science, Shandong First Medical University, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Taian, Shandong, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center for the Origin and Control of Emerging Infectious Diseases, Shandong First Medical University, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Taian, Shandong, China
| | - Sha An
- School of Basic Medical Science, Shandong First Medical University, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Taian, Shandong, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center for the Origin and Control of Emerging Infectious Diseases, Shandong First Medical University, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Taian, Shandong, China
| | - Ruiling Zhang
- School of Basic Medical Science, Shandong First Medical University, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Taian, Shandong, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center for the Origin and Control of Emerging Infectious Diseases, Shandong First Medical University, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Taian, Shandong, China
| | - Zhong Zhang
- School of life Science, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong, China.,Medical Science and Technology Innovation Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, China
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11
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Yang Y, Liu X, Guo J, Xu H, Liu Y, Lu Z. Gut bacterial communities and their assembly processing in Cnaphalocrocis medinalis from different geographic sources. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:1035644. [PMID: 36590437 PMCID: PMC9797858 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.1035644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction The insect gut harbors numerous microorganisms that may have functions in development and reproduction, digestion, immunity and protection, and detoxification. Recently, the influence factors on gut microbiota were evaluated in the rice leaffolder Cnaphalocrocis medinalis, a widespread insect pest in paddy fields. However, the relationship between gut microbiota composition and geography is poorly understood in C. medinalis. Methods To reveal the patterns of C. medinalis gut bacterial communities across geographic sources and the ecological processes driving the patterns, C. medinalis were sampled from six geographic sources in China, Thailand, and Vietnam in 2016, followed by gut bacterial 16S ribosomal RNA gene sequencing. Results A total of 22 bacterial phyla, 56 classes, 84 orders, 138 families, 228 genera, and 299 species were generated in C. medinalis from six geographic sources. All alpha diversity indices differed among the samples from different geographic sources. Analysis of similarity (ANOSIM) and permutational multivariate analysis of variance (PERMANOVA) both revealed significant differences in the gut microbiota of C. medinalis from six geographic sources. A total of 94 different taxa were screened as indicators for the gut microbiota of C. medinalis from six geographic sources by linear discriminant analysis effect size (LEfSe). The gene ontology (GO) pathways of the gut microbiota in C. medinalis differed among geographic sources. In total, the bacterial communities within geographic sources were mainly determined by stochastic processes, and those between geographic sources were mainly determined by deterministic processes. Discussion This study elucidates that geography plays a crucial role in shaping the gut microbiota of C. medinalis. Thus, it enriches our knowledge of gut bacteria in C. medinalis and sheds light on the mechanisms underlying C. medinalis gut microbial shifts across geography.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yajun Yang
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Treats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Institute of Plant Protection and Microbiology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaogai Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Treats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Institute of Plant Protection and Microbiology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China,College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jiawen Guo
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Treats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Institute of Plant Protection and Microbiology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hongxing Xu
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Treats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Institute of Plant Protection and Microbiology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yinghong Liu
- College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing, China,*Correspondence: Yinghong Liu,
| | - Zhongxian Lu
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Treats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Institute of Plant Protection and Microbiology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China,Zhongxian Lu,
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12
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Amores GR, Zepeda-Ramos G, García-Fajardo LV, Hernández E, Guillén-Navarro K. The gut microbiome analysis of Anastrepha obliqua reveals inter-kingdom diversity: bacteria, fungi, and archaea. Arch Microbiol 2022; 204:579. [PMID: 36029340 DOI: 10.1007/s00203-022-03207-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2022] [Revised: 08/05/2022] [Accepted: 08/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
The fruit fly Anastrepha obliqua is an economically important pest. The sterile insect technique to control it involves mass production and release of sterile flies to reduce the reproduction of the wild population. As noted in different Tephritidae, the performance of sterile males may be affected by the assimilation of nutrients under mass-rearing conditions. In the wild, the fly's life cycle suggests the acquisition of different organisms that could modulate its fitness and physiology. For A. obliqua, there is no information regarding microorganisms other than bacteria. This study analyzed bacteria, fungal, and archaea communities in the A. obliqua gut through denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) profiles of 16S (using a different set of primers for bacteria and archaea) and 18S ribosomal DNA markers. We found that wild flies presented higher microbial diversity related to fructose assimilation than laboratory species, suggesting that microorganisms have led to a specialized metabolism to process nutrients associated with an artificial diet. We identified species that have not been previously described in this fruit fly, especially actinobacteria and archaea, by employing different primer sets aimed at the same molecular marker but targeting diverse hypervariable regions of 16S rDNA. The possibility that Archaea affect fly fitness should not be ignored. This report on the intestinal microbial (bacteria, archaea, and fungi) composition of A. obliqua contributes to our understanding of the role of microorganisms in the development and physiology of the flies.
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Affiliation(s)
- G R Amores
- Laboratorio de Biotecnología Ambiental y Agroecológica, Grupo Académico de Biotecnología Ambiental, El Colegio de La Frontera Sur (ECOSUR), Tapachula, Chiapas, Mexico
| | - G Zepeda-Ramos
- Laboratorio de Biotecnología Ambiental y Agroecológica, Grupo Académico de Biotecnología Ambiental, El Colegio de La Frontera Sur (ECOSUR), Tapachula, Chiapas, Mexico
| | - L V García-Fajardo
- Laboratorio de Biotecnología Ambiental y Agroecológica, Grupo Académico de Biotecnología Ambiental, El Colegio de La Frontera Sur (ECOSUR), Tapachula, Chiapas, Mexico
| | - Emilio Hernández
- Programa Moscafrut DGSV-SENASICA-SAGARPA, Subdirección de Desarrollo de Métodos, Chiapas, Mexico
| | - K Guillén-Navarro
- Laboratorio de Biotecnología Ambiental y Agroecológica, Grupo Académico de Biotecnología Ambiental, El Colegio de La Frontera Sur (ECOSUR), Tapachula, Chiapas, Mexico.
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13
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Zhang Q, Wang S, Zhang X, Zhang K, Li Y, Yin Y, Zhang R, Zhang Z. Beneficial Bacteria in the Intestines of Housefly Larvae Promote Larval Development and Humoral Phenoloxidase Activity, While Harmful Bacteria do the Opposite. Front Immunol 2022; 13:938972. [PMID: 35874711 PMCID: PMC9299419 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.938972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2022] [Accepted: 06/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The gut microenvironment of houseflies provides unique conditions for microbial colonization. Some gut microorganisms provide benefits for the development of the host by regulating the interaction between the host and intestinal pathogens. Gut microbial alterations can stimulate the host’s immune mechanism to resist pathogen invasion and affect the development of insects. In this study, we isolated 10 bacterial strains from housefly larval intestines. The isolated bacteria were added to the larval diet to analyze the effects of microecological regulation of gut bacteria on larval development. Dynamic changes in gut flora composition after oral administration of specific bacteria were analyzed although 16S rRNA gene high-throughput sequencing technology. To explore the interaction between gut bacteria and the host, the immune response of larvae against the invasion of foreign microorganisms was observed through a phenoloxidase activity experiment. Our results showed that the oral administration of various isolated bacteria had different effects on larval development. Oral administration of beneficial bacteria, including Enterobacter hormaechei, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Acinetobacter bereziniae, Enterobacter cloacae, Lysinibacillus fusiformis and Bacillus safensis, promoted larval development by increasing gut community diversity and the humoral immunity of larvae, while harmful bacteria, including Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Providencia stuartii and Providencia vermicola, influenced larval development by inhibiting the growth of beneficial bacteria and reducing the humoral immunity of larvae. The beneficial bacteria isolated in our research could be applied as good probiotic additives for the intensive feeding of larvae, while isolation of the harmful bacteria provides a basis for the development of pest inhibitors. Furthermore, our research revealed the immune response of housefly phenoloxidase to exogenous microorganism stimulation, providing richer and more comprehensive knowledge of the larval innate immune response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Zhang
- School of Basic Medical Science, Shandong First Medical University (Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences), Taian, China
| | - Shumin Wang
- School of Basic Medical Science, Shandong First Medical University (Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences), Taian, China
| | - Xinyu Zhang
- School of Basic Medical Science, Shandong First Medical University (Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences), Taian, China
| | - Kexin Zhang
- School of Basic Medical Science, Shandong First Medical University (Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences), Taian, China
| | - Ying Li
- School of Basic Medical Science, Shandong First Medical University (Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences), Taian, China
| | - Yansong Yin
- School of Basic Medical Science, Shandong First Medical University (Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences), Taian, China
| | - Ruiling Zhang
- School of Basic Medical Science, Shandong First Medical University (Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences), Taian, China
| | - Zhong Zhang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
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14
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Bel Mokhtar N, Catalá-Oltra M, Stathopoulou P, Asimakis E, Remmal I, Remmas N, Maurady A, Britel MR, García de Oteyza J, Tsiamis G, Dembilio Ó. Dynamics of the Gut Bacteriome During a Laboratory Adaptation Process of the Mediterranean Fruit Fly, Ceratitis capitata. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:919760. [PMID: 35847076 PMCID: PMC9283074 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.919760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Laboratory adaptation process used in sterile insect technique (SIT) programs can exert a significant impact on the insect-gut microbiome relationship, which may negatively impact the quality and performance of the fly. In the present study, changes in the gut microbiota that occur through laboratory adaptation of two Ceratitis capitata populations were investigated: Vienna 8 genetic sexing strain (GSS), a long-established control line, and a wild population recently introduced to laboratory conditions. The bacterial profiles were studied for both strains using amplicon sequencing of the 16S rRNA V3-V4 hypervariable region in larvae and in the gastrointestinal tract of teneral (1 day) and adults (5 and 15 days) reared under laboratory conditions for 14 generations (F0-F13). Findings demonstrated the development of distinct bacterial communities across the generations with differences in the bacterial composition, suggesting a strong impact of laboratory adaptation on the fly bacteriome. Moreover, different bacterial profiles were observed between wild and Vienna 8 FD-GSS displaying different patterns between the developmental stages. Proteobacteria, mainly members of the Enterobacteriaceae family, represented the major component of the bacterial community followed by Firmicutes (mainly in Vienna 8 FD-GSS adults) and Chlamydiae. The distribution of these communities is dynamic across the generations and seems to be strain- and age-specific. In the Vienna 8 FD-GSS population, Providencia exhibited high relative abundance in the first three generations and decreased significantly later, while Klebsiella was relatively stable. In the wild population, Klebsiella was dominant across most of the generations, indicating that the wild population was more resistant to artificial rearing conditions compared with the Vienna 8 FD-GSS colony. Analysis of the core bacteriome revealed the presence of nine shared taxa between most of the examined medfly samples including Klebsiella, Providencia, Pantoea, and Pseudomonas. In addition, the operational taxonomic unit co-occurrence and mutual exclusion networks of the wild population indicated that most of the interactions were classified as co-presence, while in the Vienna 8 FD-GSS population, the number of mutual exclusions and co-presence interactions was equally distributed. Obtained results provided a thorough study of the dynamics of gut-associated bacteria during the laboratory adaptation of different Ceratitis capitata populations, serving as guidance for the design of colonization protocols, improving the effectiveness of artificial rearing and the SIT application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naima Bel Mokhtar
- Laboratory of Systems Microbiology and Applied Genomics, Department of Environmental Engineering, University of Patras, Agrinio, Greece
- Laboratory of Innovative Technology, National School of Applied Sciences of Tangier, Abdelmalek Essâadi University, Tétouan, Morocco
| | - Marta Catalá-Oltra
- Empresa de Transformación Agraria S.A., S.M.E., M.P. (TRAGSA), Paterna, Spain
| | - Panagiota Stathopoulou
- Laboratory of Systems Microbiology and Applied Genomics, Department of Environmental Engineering, University of Patras, Agrinio, Greece
| | - Elias Asimakis
- Laboratory of Systems Microbiology and Applied Genomics, Department of Environmental Engineering, University of Patras, Agrinio, Greece
| | - Imane Remmal
- Laboratory of Innovative Technology, National School of Applied Sciences of Tangier, Abdelmalek Essâadi University, Tétouan, Morocco
| | - Nikolaos Remmas
- Laboratory of Wastewater Management and Treatment Technologies, Department of Environmental Engineering, Democritus University of Thrace, Xanthi, Greece
| | - Amal Maurady
- Laboratory of Innovative Technology, National School of Applied Sciences of Tangier, Abdelmalek Essâadi University, Tétouan, Morocco
- Faculty of Sciences and Technology of Tangier, Abdelmalek Essâadi University, Tétouan, Morocco
| | - Mohammed Reda Britel
- Laboratory of Innovative Technology, National School of Applied Sciences of Tangier, Abdelmalek Essâadi University, Tétouan, Morocco
| | | | - George Tsiamis
- Laboratory of Systems Microbiology and Applied Genomics, Department of Environmental Engineering, University of Patras, Agrinio, Greece
| | - Óscar Dembilio
- Empresa de Transformación Agraria S.A., S.M.E., M.P. (TRAGSA), Paterna, Spain
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15
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Cappelli A, Petrelli D, Gasperi G, Serrao AGM, Ricci I, Damiani C, Favia G. Bacterial Symbionts in Ceratitis capitata. INSECTS 2022; 13:insects13050474. [PMID: 35621808 PMCID: PMC9147879 DOI: 10.3390/insects13050474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Revised: 05/06/2022] [Accepted: 05/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Ceratitis capitata (Diptera: Tephritidae) is responsible for extensive damage in agriculture with important economic losses. Several strategies have been proposed to control this insect pest including insecticides and the Sterile Insect Technique. Traditional control methods should be implemented by innovative tools, among which those based on insect symbionts seem very promising. Our study aimed to investigate, through the 16S Miseq analysis, the microbial communities associated with selected organs in three different medfly populations to identify possible candidates to develop symbiont-based control approaches. Our results confirm that Klebsiella and Providencia are the dominant bacteria in guts, while a more diversified microbial community has been detected in reproductive organs. Concertedly, we revealed for the first time the presence of Chroococcidiopsis and Propionibacterium as stable components of the medfly’s microbiota. Additionally, in the reproductive organs, we detected Asaia, a bacterium already proposed as a tool in the Symbiotic Control of Vector-Borne Diseases. A strain of Asaia, genetically modified to produce a green fluorescent protein, was used to ascertain the ability of Asaia to colonize specific organs of C. capitata. Our study lays the foundation for the development of control methods for C. capitata based on the use of symbiont bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessia Cappelli
- School of Biosciences & Veterinary Medicine, University of Camerino, CIRM Italian Malaria Network, Via Gentile III da Varano, 62032 Camerino, Italy; (A.C.); (A.G.M.S.); (I.R.); (G.F.)
| | - Dezemona Petrelli
- School of Biosciences & Veterinary Medicine, University of Camerino, Via Gentile III da Varano, 62032 Camerino, Italy;
| | - Giuliano Gasperi
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy;
| | - Aurelio Giuseppe Maria Serrao
- School of Biosciences & Veterinary Medicine, University of Camerino, CIRM Italian Malaria Network, Via Gentile III da Varano, 62032 Camerino, Italy; (A.C.); (A.G.M.S.); (I.R.); (G.F.)
| | - Irene Ricci
- School of Biosciences & Veterinary Medicine, University of Camerino, CIRM Italian Malaria Network, Via Gentile III da Varano, 62032 Camerino, Italy; (A.C.); (A.G.M.S.); (I.R.); (G.F.)
| | - Claudia Damiani
- School of Biosciences & Veterinary Medicine, University of Camerino, CIRM Italian Malaria Network, Via Gentile III da Varano, 62032 Camerino, Italy; (A.C.); (A.G.M.S.); (I.R.); (G.F.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-073-7403269
| | - Guido Favia
- School of Biosciences & Veterinary Medicine, University of Camerino, CIRM Italian Malaria Network, Via Gentile III da Varano, 62032 Camerino, Italy; (A.C.); (A.G.M.S.); (I.R.); (G.F.)
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16
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Pei Y, Zhao S, Chen X, Zhang J, Ni H, Sun M, Lin H, Liu X, Chen H, Yang S. Bacillus velezensis EEAM 10B Strengthens Nutrient Metabolic Process in Black Soldier Fly Larvae (Hermetia illucens) via Changing Gut Microbiome and Metabolic Pathways. Front Nutr 2022; 9:880488. [PMID: 35662952 PMCID: PMC9161358 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.880488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2022] [Accepted: 04/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Insects are a potential alternative protein source to solve the food shortage crisis. Previous studies have illustrated that probiotics can improve the substrate conversion efficiency of insects and increase insect protein content. However, the effects of probiotics on insect physiology and nutrient metabolism are still not well understood. Here, the black soldier fly larvae (BSFL), Hermetia illucens (Diptera: Stratiomyidae), was used as a study subject to deeply investigate the specific interaction among a novel probiotic, Bacillus velezensis EEAM 10B (10B), intestinal microbiota, and the host. In this study, the effects of 10B on the survival and physiology of BSFL were first analyzed. It shows that 10B significantly elevated the substrate conversion rate, average dry weight, and protein content of BSFL by 5%, 0.13 g/pc, and 8%, respectively. Then, we assessed the effect of 10B on the microbial community composition in the gut and frass of BSFL using Illumina Miseq sequencing. It shows that 10B significantly altered the microbial composition of the gut, but not that of the frass. Pearson’s correlation analysis further showed that the Bacillus, unclassified_of_Caloramatoraceae, and Gracilibacillus were positively correlated with the survival rate, crude protein content, and substrate conversion rate of BSFL. To further investigate the effect of 10B on host metabolism, metabolic analyses on germ-free BSFL, monobacterial intestinal BSFL, and natural BSFL were also performed. The results proved that 10B (i) played a vital role in the survival of BSFL; and (ii) regulated the amino acid synthetic and metabolic process of BSFL, thus leading to the rise of the protein content of BSFL. In addition, vitamin backfill assays verified that the BSFL survival rate was significantly improved by supplying the germ-free BSFL with riboflavin, which further suggests that 10B determines the survival of BSFL via delivering riboflavin. Overall, this study provides a reference for understanding the comprehensive contribution of a specific probiotic to its host.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaxin Pei
- Department of Microbiology, School of Life Sciences, Henan Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbial Enzyme Engineering (Ministry of Agriculture), Zhengzhou, China
| | - Sijie Zhao
- Department of Microbiology, School of Life Sciences, Henan Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbial Enzyme Engineering (Ministry of Agriculture), Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xiang Chen
- Department of Microbiology, School of Life Sciences, Henan Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbial Enzyme Engineering (Ministry of Agriculture), Zhengzhou, China
| | - Jiran Zhang
- Department of Microbiology, School of Life Sciences, Henan Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbial Enzyme Engineering (Ministry of Agriculture), Zhengzhou, China
| | - Hongyuhang Ni
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Public Health, Jockey Club College of Veterinary Medicine and Life Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Mengxiao Sun
- Department of Microbiology, School of Life Sciences, Henan Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbial Enzyme Engineering (Ministry of Agriculture), Zhengzhou, China
| | - Hui Lin
- Department of Microbiology, School of Life Sciences, Henan Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbial Enzyme Engineering (Ministry of Agriculture), Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xinyu Liu
- Department of Microbiology, School of Life Sciences, Henan Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbial Enzyme Engineering (Ministry of Agriculture), Zhengzhou, China
| | - Hongge Chen
- Department of Microbiology, School of Life Sciences, Henan Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbial Enzyme Engineering (Ministry of Agriculture), Zhengzhou, China
| | - Sen Yang
- Department of Microbiology, School of Life Sciences, Henan Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbial Enzyme Engineering (Ministry of Agriculture), Zhengzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Sen Yang,
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17
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Savio C, Mugo-Kamiri L, Upfold JK. Bugs in Bugs: The Role of Probiotics and Prebiotics in Maintenance of Health in Mass-Reared Insects. INSECTS 2022; 13:376. [PMID: 35447818 PMCID: PMC9025317 DOI: 10.3390/insects13040376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2022] [Revised: 04/07/2022] [Accepted: 04/08/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Interactions between insects and their microbiota affect insect behaviour and evolution. When specific microorganisms are provided as a dietary supplement, insect reproduction, food conversion and growth are enhanced and health is improved in cases of nutritional deficiency or pathogen infection. The purpose of this review is to provide an overview of insect-microbiota interactions, to review the role of probiotics, their general use in insects reared for food and feed, and their interactions with the host microbiota. We review how bacterial strains have been selected for insect species reared for food and feed and discuss methods used to isolate and measure the effectiveness of a probiotic. We outline future perspectives on probiotic applications in mass-reared insects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlotta Savio
- University of Paris Saclay, INRAE, Micalis, GME, 78350 Jouy en Josas, France;
- Laboratory of Entomology, Wageningen University, 6708 PB Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Loretta Mugo-Kamiri
- Institut de Recherche sur la Biologie de l’Insecte, UMR 7261, CNRS-University of Tours, 37200 Tours, France;
- Centre for Ecology and Conservation, Penryn Campus, College of Life and Environmental Science, University of Exeter, Cornwall TR10 9FE, UK
| | - Jennifer K. Upfold
- University of Paris Saclay, INRAE, Micalis, GME, 78350 Jouy en Josas, France;
- Department of Plant and Environmental Science, University of Copenhagen, Thorvaildsensvej 40, 1871 Frederiksberg, Denmark
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Yang Y, Liu X, Xu H, Liu Y, Lu Z. Effects of Host Plant and Insect Generation on Shaping of the Gut Microbiota in the Rice Leaffolder, Cnaphalocrocis medinalis. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:824224. [PMID: 35479615 PMCID: PMC9037797 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.824224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2021] [Accepted: 03/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Gut microbes in insects may play an important role in the digestion, immunity and protection, detoxification of toxins, development, and reproduction. The rice leaffolder Cnaphalocrocis medinalis (Guenée) (Lepidoptera: Crambidae) is a notorious insect pest that can damage rice, maize, and other gramineous plants. To determine the effects of host plants and generations on the gut microbiota of C. medinalis, we deciphered the bacterial configuration of this insect pest fed rice or maize for three generations by Illumina MiSeq technology. A total of 16 bacterial phyla, 34 classes, 50 orders, 101 families, 158 genera, and 44 species were identified in C. medinalis fed rice or maize for three generations. Host plants, insect generation, and their interaction did not influence the alpha diversity indices of the gut microbiota of C. medinalis. The dominant bacterial taxa were Proteobacteria and Firmicutes at the phylum level and Enterococcus and unclassified Enterobacteriaceae at the genus level. A number of twenty genera coexisted in the guts of C. medinalis fed rice or maize for three generations, and their relative abundances occupied more than 90% of the gut microbiota of C. medinalis. A number of two genera were stably found in the gut of rice-feeding C. medinalis but unstably found in the gut microbiota of maize-feeding C. medinalis, and seven genera were stably found in the gut of maize-feeding C. medinalis but unstably found in the gut of rice-feeding C. medinalis. In addition, many kinds of microbes were found in some but not all samples of the gut of C. medinalis fed on a particular host plant. PerMANOVA indicated that the gut bacteria of C. medinalis could be significantly affected by the host plant and host plant × generation. We identified 47 taxa as the biomarkers for the gut microbiota of C. medinalis fed different host plants by LEfSe. Functional prediction suggested that the most dominant role of the gut microbiota in C. medinalis is metabolism, followed by environmental information processing, cellular processes, and genetic information processing. Our findings will enrich the understanding of gut bacteria in C. medinalis and reveal the differences in gut microbiota in C. medinalis fed on different host plants for three generations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yajun Yang
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Institute of Plant Protection and Microbiology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaogai Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Institute of Plant Protection and Microbiology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
- College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Hongxing Xu
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Institute of Plant Protection and Microbiology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yinghong Liu
- College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- *Correspondence: Yinghong Liu,
| | - Zhongxian Lu
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Institute of Plant Protection and Microbiology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
- Zhongxian Lu,
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Zhang Q, Wang S, Zhang X, Zhang K, Liu W, Zhang R, Zhang Z. Enterobacter hormaechei in the intestines of housefly larvae promotes host growth by inhibiting harmful intestinal bacteria. Parasit Vectors 2021; 14:598. [PMID: 34876203 PMCID: PMC8653583 DOI: 10.1186/s13071-021-05053-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2021] [Accepted: 10/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND As a pervasive insect that transmits a variety of pathogens to humans and animals, the housefly has abundant and diverse microbial communities in its intestines. These gut microbes play an important role in the biology of insects and form a symbiotic relationship with the host insect. Alterations in the structure of the gut microbial community would affect larval development. Therefore, it is important to understand the mechanism regulating the influence of specific bacteria on the development of housefly larvae. METHODS For this study we selected the intestinal symbiotic bacterium Enterobacter hormaechei, which is beneficial to the growth and development of housefly larvae, and used it as a probiotic supplement in larval feed. 16S rRNA gene sequencing technology was used to explore the effect of E. hormaechei on the intestinal flora of housefly larvae, and plate confrontation experiments were performed to study the interaction between E. hormaechei and intestinal microorganisms. RESULTS The composition of the gut microflora of the larvae changed after the larvae were fed E. hormaechei, with the abundance of Pseudochrobactrum, Enterobacter and Vagococcus increasing and that of Klebsiella and Bacillus decreasing. Analysis of the structure and interaction of larval intestinal flora revealed that E. hormaechei inhibited the growth of harmful bacteria, such as Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Providencia stuartii and Providencia vermicola, and promoted the reproduction of beneficial bacteria. CONCLUSIONS Our study has explored the influence of specific beneficial bacteria on the intestinal flora of houseflies. The results of this study reveal the important role played by specific beneficial bacteria on the development of housefly larvae and provide insight for the development of sustained biological agents for housefly control through interference of gut microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Zhang
- Collaborative Innovation Center for the Origin and Control of Emerging Infectious Diseases, Shandong First Medical University (Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences), No. 619, Changchen Road, Taian, 271016 Shandong China
- School of Basic Medical Science, Shandong First Medical University (Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences), Taian, 271016 Shandong China
| | - Shumin Wang
- School of Basic Medical Science, Shandong First Medical University (Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences), Taian, 271016 Shandong China
| | - Xinyu Zhang
- Collaborative Innovation Center for the Origin and Control of Emerging Infectious Diseases, Shandong First Medical University (Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences), No. 619, Changchen Road, Taian, 271016 Shandong China
- School of Basic Medical Science, Shandong First Medical University (Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences), Taian, 271016 Shandong China
| | - Kexin Zhang
- Collaborative Innovation Center for the Origin and Control of Emerging Infectious Diseases, Shandong First Medical University (Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences), No. 619, Changchen Road, Taian, 271016 Shandong China
- School of Basic Medical Science, Shandong First Medical University (Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences), Taian, 271016 Shandong China
| | - Wenjuan Liu
- Collaborative Innovation Center for the Origin and Control of Emerging Infectious Diseases, Shandong First Medical University (Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences), No. 619, Changchen Road, Taian, 271016 Shandong China
- School of Basic Medical Science, Shandong First Medical University (Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences), Taian, 271016 Shandong China
| | - Ruiling Zhang
- Collaborative Innovation Center for the Origin and Control of Emerging Infectious Diseases, Shandong First Medical University (Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences), No. 619, Changchen Road, Taian, 271016 Shandong China
- School of Basic Medical Science, Shandong First Medical University (Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences), Taian, 271016 Shandong China
| | - Zhong Zhang
- Collaborative Innovation Center for the Origin and Control of Emerging Infectious Diseases, Shandong First Medical University (Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences), No. 619, Changchen Road, Taian, 271016 Shandong China
- School of Basic Medical Science, Shandong First Medical University (Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences), Taian, 271016 Shandong China
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Li T, Zhang Q, Zhang X, Wan Q, Wang S, Zhang R, Zhang Z. Transcriptome and microbiome analyses of the mechanisms underlying antibiotic-mediated inhibition of larval development of the saprophagous insect Musca domestica (Diptera: Muscidae). ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2021; 223:112602. [PMID: 34385061 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2021.112602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2021] [Revised: 07/15/2021] [Accepted: 08/03/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Antibiotics are designed to treat bacterial infections in humans and animals; however, the overuse of various antibiotics and consequent contamination in the environment can have adverse effects on aquatic, soil, and saprophytic organisms. The house fly, an important decomposer in ecosystems, has been used for bioconversion of human and animal waste. Vermireactors have been used to remove antibiotics from waste for pollution control, but the effects of antibiotics on fly larvae are unclear. In the present work, we aimed to reveal the mechanism underlying the effects of antibiotics on larval growth in house flies at the transcriptome and microbiome levels and the relationships between genes and the microbiota. Observation of house flies after antibiotic exposure showed that gentamicin sulfate and levofloxacin hydrochloride inhibited larval development to a greater extent than amoxicillin. Transcriptome analysis revealed that biological pathways related to protein synthesis and the metabolism of fatty acids, pentose, and glucuronate were significantly enriched in flies exposed to gentamicin sulfate and levofloxacin hydrochloride. Crucial genes in these pathways were identified as candidates for future study. Microbiome analysis revealed three key bacteria that were closely correlated with gentamicin sulfate and levofloxacin hydrochloride exposure. The correlation network between the differentially expressed genes and bacteria identified an important microbic effector, Pseudomonas and its associated genes. This work will improve the knowledge about the mechanism underlying the effects of antibiotics on the larval development of house flies in the environment and provide guidance for improving the application of house fly bioconversion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Li
- Collaborative Innovation Center for the Origin and Control of Emerging Infectious Diseases, Shandong First Medical University (Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences), No. 619, Changcheng Road, Taian 271016, Shandong, China; School of Basic Medical Science, Shandong First Medical University (Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences), Taian 271016, Shandong, China; School of Life Science, Shandong First Medical University (Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences), Taian 271016, Shandong, China
| | - Qian Zhang
- Collaborative Innovation Center for the Origin and Control of Emerging Infectious Diseases, Shandong First Medical University (Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences), No. 619, Changcheng Road, Taian 271016, Shandong, China; School of Basic Medical Science, Shandong First Medical University (Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences), Taian 271016, Shandong, China
| | - Xinyu Zhang
- Collaborative Innovation Center for the Origin and Control of Emerging Infectious Diseases, Shandong First Medical University (Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences), No. 619, Changcheng Road, Taian 271016, Shandong, China; School of Basic Medical Science, Shandong First Medical University (Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences), Taian 271016, Shandong, China
| | - Qing Wan
- Collaborative Innovation Center for the Origin and Control of Emerging Infectious Diseases, Shandong First Medical University (Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences), No. 619, Changcheng Road, Taian 271016, Shandong, China; School of Basic Medical Science, Shandong First Medical University (Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences), Taian 271016, Shandong, China
| | - Shumin Wang
- Collaborative Innovation Center for the Origin and Control of Emerging Infectious Diseases, Shandong First Medical University (Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences), No. 619, Changcheng Road, Taian 271016, Shandong, China; School of Basic Medical Science, Shandong First Medical University (Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences), Taian 271016, Shandong, China
| | - Ruiling Zhang
- Collaborative Innovation Center for the Origin and Control of Emerging Infectious Diseases, Shandong First Medical University (Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences), No. 619, Changcheng Road, Taian 271016, Shandong, China; School of Basic Medical Science, Shandong First Medical University (Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences), Taian 271016, Shandong, China.
| | - Zhong Zhang
- Collaborative Innovation Center for the Origin and Control of Emerging Infectious Diseases, Shandong First Medical University (Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences), No. 619, Changcheng Road, Taian 271016, Shandong, China; School of Basic Medical Science, Shandong First Medical University (Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences), Taian 271016, Shandong, China.
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Nikolouli K, Sassù F, Ntougias S, Stauffer C, Cáceres C, Bourtzis K. Enterobacter sp. AA26 as a Protein Source in the Larval Diet of Drosophila suzukii. INSECTS 2021; 12:923. [PMID: 34680692 PMCID: PMC8539531 DOI: 10.3390/insects12100923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2021] [Revised: 09/29/2021] [Accepted: 10/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The Spotted-Wing Drosophila fly, Drosophila suzukii, is an invasive pest species infesting major agricultural soft fruits. Drosophila suzukii management is currently based on insecticide applications that bear major concerns regarding their efficiency, safety and environmental sustainability. The sterile insect technique (SIT) is an efficient and friendly to the environment pest control method that has been suggested for the D. suzukii population control. Successful SIT applications require mass-rearing of the strain to produce competitive and of high biological quality males that will be sterilized and consequently released in the wild. Recent studies have suggested that insect gut symbionts can be used as a protein source for Ceratitis capitata larval diet and replace the expensive brewer's yeast. In this study, we exploited Enterobacter sp. AA26 as partial and full replacement of inactive brewer's yeast in the D. suzukii larval diet and assessed several fitness parameters. Enterobacter sp. AA26 dry biomass proved to be an inadequate nutritional source in the absence of brewer's yeast and resulted in significant decrease in pupal weight, survival under food and water starvation, fecundity, and adult recovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katerina Nikolouli
- Insect Pest Control Laboratory, Joint FAO/IAEA Centre of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, Department of Nuclear Sciences and Applications, IAEA Laboratories, 2444 Seibersdorf, Austria; (F.S.); (C.C.); (K.B.)
- Department of Forest and Soil Sciences, Boku, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, 1190 Vienna, Austria;
| | - Fabiana Sassù
- Insect Pest Control Laboratory, Joint FAO/IAEA Centre of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, Department of Nuclear Sciences and Applications, IAEA Laboratories, 2444 Seibersdorf, Austria; (F.S.); (C.C.); (K.B.)
- Department of Forest and Soil Sciences, Boku, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, 1190 Vienna, Austria;
- Roklinka 224, Dolní Jirčany, 252 44 Psáry, Czech Republic
| | - Spyridon Ntougias
- Laboratory of Wastewater Management and Treatment Technologies, Department of Environmental Engineering, Democritus University of Thrace, Vas. Sofias 12, 67100 Xanthi, Greece;
| | - Christian Stauffer
- Department of Forest and Soil Sciences, Boku, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, 1190 Vienna, Austria;
| | - Carlos Cáceres
- Insect Pest Control Laboratory, Joint FAO/IAEA Centre of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, Department of Nuclear Sciences and Applications, IAEA Laboratories, 2444 Seibersdorf, Austria; (F.S.); (C.C.); (K.B.)
| | - Kostas Bourtzis
- Insect Pest Control Laboratory, Joint FAO/IAEA Centre of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, Department of Nuclear Sciences and Applications, IAEA Laboratories, 2444 Seibersdorf, Austria; (F.S.); (C.C.); (K.B.)
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Msaad Guerfali M, Charaabi K, Hamden H, Djobbi W, Fadhl S, Mosbah A, Cherif A. Probiotic based-diet effect on the immune response and induced stress in irradiated mass reared Ceratitis capitata males (Diptera: Tephritidae) destined for the release in the sterile insect technique programs. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0257097. [PMID: 34506561 PMCID: PMC8432743 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0257097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2021] [Accepted: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Ceratitis capitata (medfly) is one of the most devastating crop pests worldwide. The Sterile Insect Technique (SIT) is a control method that is based on the mass rearing of males, their sterilization, and release in the field. However, the effectiveness of the technique depends on the quality of the released males and their fitness. We previously isolated and selected a probiotic bacteria (Enterobacter sp.), from wild-caught medflies, according to criteria that improved biological quality traits of reared medfly males.We firstly evaluated the impact of the irradiation on the expression of different immune and stress genes in the medfly sterile males. Expression was measured at differents time points ranging from 0 to 168 h after irradiation to capture the response of genes with distinct temporal expression patterns. Then, we supplemented the larval diet with previously isolated Enterobacter sp.strain, live and autoclaved at various concentrations to see whether the probiotic treatments affect, through their protective role, the gene expression level, and quality traits. The irradiation had significant effect on the genes attacin, cecropin, PGPR-LC, hsp23, and hsp70 level expression. The expression of attacin and PGPR-LC was up-regulated while that of cecropin was down-regulated. Hsp genes showed decreased levels between 0 and 18 h to peak at 72 h. However, the supplementation of the probiotic strain, either live or autoclaved, was statistically significant only for attacingene. However, significant interaction time x probiotic was noticed for attacin, cecropin, hsp23 and hsp70. The probiotic treatments also improved the quality control parameters like pupal weight. From this work we can conclude that a consortium of parabiotics (autoclaved probiotics) treatment will be recommended in insectaries considering both the beneficial effects on mass reared insects and its general safety for insectary workers and for environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meriem Msaad Guerfali
- Laboratory of Biotechnology and Nuclear Technologies LR16CNSTN01, National Center of Nuclear Sciences and Technologies, Ariana, Tunisia
| | - Kamel Charaabi
- Laboratory of Biotechnology and Nuclear Technologies LR16CNSTN01, National Center of Nuclear Sciences and Technologies, Ariana, Tunisia
| | - Haytham Hamden
- Laboratory of Biotechnology and Nuclear Technologies LR16CNSTN01, National Center of Nuclear Sciences and Technologies, Ariana, Tunisia
| | - Wafa Djobbi
- Laboratory of Biotechnology and Nuclear Technologies LR16CNSTN01, National Center of Nuclear Sciences and Technologies, Ariana, Tunisia
| | - Salma Fadhl
- Laboratory of Biotechnology and Nuclear Technologies LR16CNSTN01, National Center of Nuclear Sciences and Technologies, Ariana, Tunisia
| | - Amor Mosbah
- Laboratory of Biology and Bio-Geo Resources LR11ES31, Higher Institute of Biotechnology of Sidi Thabet, University of Manouba, Ariana, Tunisia
| | - Ameur Cherif
- Laboratory of Biology and Bio-Geo Resources LR11ES31, Higher Institute of Biotechnology of Sidi Thabet, University of Manouba, Ariana, Tunisia
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Bigiotti G, Sacchetti P, Pastorelli R, Lauzon CR, Belcari A. Bacterial symbiosis in Bactrocera oleae, an Achilles' heel for its pest control. INSECT SCIENCE 2021; 28:874-884. [PMID: 32519794 DOI: 10.1111/1744-7917.12835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2020] [Revised: 05/25/2020] [Accepted: 05/29/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Investigations on microbial symbioses in Tephritidae have increased over the past 30 years owing to the potential use of these relationships in developing new control strategies for economically important fruit flies. Bactrocera oleae (Rossi)-the olive fruit fly-is a monophagous species strictly associated with the olive tree, and among all the tephritids, its symbionts are the most investigated. The bacterium Candidatus Erwinia dacicola is the major persistent resident endosymbiont in wild B. oleae populations. Its relationship with B. oleae has been investigated since being identified in 2005. This endosymbiont is vertically transmitted through generations from the female to the egg. It exists at every developmental stage, although it is more abundant in larvae and ovipositing females, and is necessary for both larvae and adults. Studying B. oleae-Ca. E. dacicola, or other B. oleae-microbe interactions, will allow us to develop modern biological control systems for area-wide olive protection and set an example for similar programs in other important food crops. This review summarizes the information available on tephritid-microbe interactions and investigates relationships among fruit flies, bacteria and host plants; however, its focus is on B. oleae and its strict association with Ca. E. dacicola to promote environmentally friendly control strategies for area-wide pest management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaia Bigiotti
- Department of Agriculture, Food, Environment and Forestry (DAGRI), University of Florence, Italy
| | - Patrizia Sacchetti
- Department of Agriculture, Food, Environment and Forestry (DAGRI), University of Florence, Italy
| | - Roberta Pastorelli
- Research Centre for Agriculture and Environment, Consiglio per la ricerca in agricoltura e l'analisi dell'economia agraria (CREA-AA), Florence, Italy
| | - Carol R Lauzon
- Department of Biological Sciences, California State University, Hayward, USA
| | - Antonio Belcari
- Department of Agriculture, Food, Environment and Forestry (DAGRI), University of Florence, Italy
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Zhang D, Chen S, Abd-Alla AMM, Bourtzis K. The Effect of Radiation on the Gut Bacteriome of Aedes albopictus. Front Microbiol 2021; 12:671699. [PMID: 34305838 PMCID: PMC8299835 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.671699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2021] [Accepted: 06/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The sterile insect technique (SIT) has been developed as a component of area-wide integrated pest management approaches to control the populations of Aedes albopictus, a mosquito vector capable of transmission of dengue, Zika and chikungunya viruses. One of the key factors for the success of SIT is the requirement of high biological quality sterile males, which upon their release would be able to compete with wild males for matings with wild females in the field. In insects, gut bacteriome have played a catalytic role during evolution significantly affecting several aspects of their biology and ecology. Given the importance of gut-associated bacterial species for the overall ecological fitness and biological quality of their hosts, it is of interest to understand the effects of radiation on the gut-associated bacteriome of Ae. albopictus. In this study, the effect of radiation on the composition and density levels of the gut-associated bacterial species at the pupal stage as well as at 1- and 4-day-old males and females was studied using 16S rRNA gene-based next generation sequencing (NGS) and quantitative PCR (qPCR) approaches. Age, diet, sex, and radiation were shown to affect the gut-associated bacterial communities, with age having the highest impact triggering significant changes on bacterial diversity and clustering among pupae, 1- and 4-day-old adult samples. qPCR analysis revealed that the relative density levels of Aeromonas are higher in male samples compared to all other samples and that the irradiation triggers an increase in the density levels of both Aeromonas and Elizabethkingia in the mosquito gut at specific stages. Our results suggest that Aeromonas could potentially be used as probiotics to enhance protandry and sex separation in support of SIT applications against Ae. albopictus, while the functional role of Elizabethkingia in respect to oxidative stress and damage in irradiated mosquitoes needs further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongjing Zhang
- Insect Pest Control Laboratory, Joint FAO/IAEA Centre of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, Vienna, Austria.,Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Control of the Ministry of Education, Sun Yat-sen University-Michigan State University Joint Center of Vector Control for Tropical Diseases, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Chinese Atomic Energy Agency Center of Excellence on Nuclear Technology Applications for Insect Control, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shi Chen
- Insect Pest Control Laboratory, Joint FAO/IAEA Centre of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, Vienna, Austria.,Institute of Biological Control, Fujian Agricultural and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Adly M M Abd-Alla
- Insect Pest Control Laboratory, Joint FAO/IAEA Centre of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, Vienna, Austria
| | - Kostas Bourtzis
- Insect Pest Control Laboratory, Joint FAO/IAEA Centre of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, Vienna, Austria
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Yuan X, Zhang X, Liu X, Dong Y, Yan Z, Lv D, Wang P, Li Y. Comparison of Gut Bacterial Communities of Grapholita molesta (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) Reared on Different Host Plants. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22136843. [PMID: 34202141 PMCID: PMC8268091 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22136843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2021] [Revised: 06/14/2021] [Accepted: 06/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Intestinal symbiotic bacteria have played an important role in the digestion, immunity detoxification, mating, and reproduction of insects during long-term coevolution. The oriental fruit moth, Grapholita molesta, is an important fruit tree pest worldwide. However, the composition of the G. molesta microbial community, especially of the gut microbiome, remains unclear. To explore the differences of gut microbiota of G. molesta when reared on different host plants, we determined the gut bacterial structure when G. molesta was transferred from an artificial diet to different host plants (apples, peaches, nectarines, crisp pears, plums, peach shoots) by amplicon sequencing technology. The results showed that Proteobacteria and Firmicutes are dominant in the gut microbiota of G. molesta. Plum-feeding G. molesta had the highest richness and diversity of gut microbiota, while apple-feeding G. molesta had the lowest. PCoA and PERMANOVA analysis revealed that there were significant differences in the gut microbiota structure of G. molesta on different diets. PICRUSt2 analysis indicated that most of the functional prediction pathways were concentrated in metabolic and cellular processes. Our results confirmed that gut bacterial communities of G. molesta can be influenced by host diets and may play an important role in host adaptation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangqun Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Crops in Northwestern Loess Plateau, Ministry of Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
- Key Laboratory of Plant Protection Resources and Pest Management, Ministry of Education, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Xuan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Crops in Northwestern Loess Plateau, Ministry of Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
- Key Laboratory of Plant Protection Resources and Pest Management, Ministry of Education, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Xueying Liu
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Crops in Northwestern Loess Plateau, Ministry of Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
- Key Laboratory of Plant Protection Resources and Pest Management, Ministry of Education, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Yanlu Dong
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Crops in Northwestern Loess Plateau, Ministry of Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
- Key Laboratory of Plant Protection Resources and Pest Management, Ministry of Education, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Zizheng Yan
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Crops in Northwestern Loess Plateau, Ministry of Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
- Key Laboratory of Plant Protection Resources and Pest Management, Ministry of Education, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Dongbiao Lv
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Crops in Northwestern Loess Plateau, Ministry of Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
- Key Laboratory of Plant Protection Resources and Pest Management, Ministry of Education, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Ping Wang
- Department of Entomology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14850, USA
| | - Yiping Li
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Crops in Northwestern Loess Plateau, Ministry of Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
- Key Laboratory of Plant Protection Resources and Pest Management, Ministry of Education, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
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Zhang Q, Cai P, Wang B, Liu X, Lin J, Hua R, Zhang H, Yi C, Song X, Ji Q, Yang J, Chen S. Manipulation of Gut Symbionts for Improving the Sterile Insect Technique: Quality Parameters of Bactrocera dorsalis (Diptera: Tephritidae) Genetic Sexing Strain Males After Feeding on Bacteria-Enriched Diets. JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY 2021; 114:560-570. [PMID: 33459786 DOI: 10.1093/jee/toaa294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
One environmentally friendly method used to manage Bactrocera dorsalis (Hendel), a key agricultural pest of substantial economic importance, is the sterile insect technique (SIT). Nevertheless, several deficiencies related to this strategy impair the success of the SIT, including the inferior performance of released sterile males compared with wild males, which could be partly solved by the utilization of gut symbionts as probiotic dietary components. In this study, a culture-dependent method was used to isolate and characterize gut-associated bacterial species in adult B. dorsalis genetic sexing strain (GSS) males. In addition, three bacterial isolates from the Enterobacteriaceae family, namely, Enterobacter sp., Morganella morganii, and Moellerella wisconsensis, were used as supplements in larval and adult diets to assess their effects on the life-history traits of irradiated males. Consistent with many previous studies, Enterobacter spp. was shown to be beneficial, with some quality control indices, such as adult size, pupal weight, survival rate under stress and nutritionally rich conditions, and mating competitiveness, being significantly increased, while slight nonsignificant increases in emergence rate and flight ability were observed. Conversely, the M. morganii and M. wisconsensis strains both had negative effects on irradiated male fitness and mating competitiveness. Our results, in combination with those of earlier studies, can contribute to improving the effectiveness of SIT application by enhancing the different aspects of augmentative rearing and biological traits of pests under laboratory rearing conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiwen Zhang
- Institute of Biological Control, Plant Protection College, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Biopesticide and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, Fuzhou, China
| | - Pumo Cai
- Institute of Biological Control, Plant Protection College, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Biopesticide and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, Fuzhou, China
- Department of Horticulture, College of Tea and Food Science, Wuyi University, Wuyishan, China
| | - Bo Wang
- Institute of Biological Control, Plant Protection College, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Biopesticide and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, Fuzhou, China
| | - Xuxiang Liu
- Institute of Biological Control, Plant Protection College, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Biopesticide and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, Fuzhou, China
| | - Jia Lin
- Institute of Biological Control, Plant Protection College, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Biopesticide and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, Fuzhou, China
| | - Ruohan Hua
- Institute of Biological Control, Plant Protection College, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Biopesticide and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, Fuzhou, China
| | - Hehe Zhang
- Institute of Biological Control, Plant Protection College, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Biopesticide and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, Fuzhou, China
| | - Chuandong Yi
- Institute of Biological Control, Plant Protection College, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Biopesticide and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, Fuzhou, China
| | - Xuesen Song
- Institute of Biological Control, Plant Protection College, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Biopesticide and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, Fuzhou, China
| | - Qinge Ji
- Institute of Biological Control, Plant Protection College, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Biopesticide and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, Fuzhou, China
| | - Jianquan Yang
- Institute of Biological Control, Plant Protection College, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Biopesticide and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, Fuzhou, China
| | - Shi Chen
- Institute of Biological Control, Plant Protection College, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Biopesticide and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, Fuzhou, China
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Vreysen MJB, Abd-Alla AMM, Bourtzis K, Bouyer J, Caceres C, de Beer C, Oliveira Carvalho D, Maiga H, Mamai W, Nikolouli K, Yamada H, Pereira R. The Insect Pest Control Laboratory of the Joint FAO/IAEA Programme: Ten Years (2010-2020) of Research and Development, Achievements and Challenges in Support of the Sterile Insect Technique. INSECTS 2021; 12:346. [PMID: 33924539 PMCID: PMC8070182 DOI: 10.3390/insects12040346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2021] [Revised: 03/30/2021] [Accepted: 04/01/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The Joint FAO/IAEA Centre (formerly called Division) of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture was established in 1964 and its accompanying laboratories in 1961. One of its subprograms deals with insect pest control, and has the mandate to develop and implement the sterile insect technique (SIT) for selected key insect pests, with the goal of reducing the use of insecticides, reducing animal and crop losses, protecting the environment, facilitating international trade in agricultural commodities and improving human health. Since its inception, the Insect Pest Control Laboratory (IPCL) (formerly named Entomology Unit) has been implementing research in relation to the development of the SIT package for insect pests of crops, livestock and human health. This paper provides a review of research carried out between 2010 and 2020 at the IPCL. Research on plant pests has focused on the development of genetic sexing strains, characterizing and assessing the performance of these strains (e.g., Ceratitis capitata), elucidation of the taxonomic status of several members of the Bactrocera dorsalis and Anastrepha fraterculus complexes, the use of microbiota as probiotics, genomics, supplements to improve the performance of the reared insects, and the development of the SIT package for fruit fly species such as Bactrocera oleae and Drosophila suzukii. Research on livestock pests has focused on colony maintenance and establishment, tsetse symbionts and pathogens, sex separation, morphology, sterile male quality, radiation biology, mating behavior and transportation and release systems. Research with human disease vectors has focused on the development of genetic sexing strains (Anopheles arabiensis, Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus), the development of a more cost-effective larvae and adult rearing system, assessing various aspects of radiation biology, characterizing symbionts and pathogens, studying mating behavior and the development of quality control procedures, and handling and release methods. During the review period, 13 coordinated research projects (CRPs) were completed and six are still being implemented. At the end of each CRP, the results were published in a special issue of a peer-reviewed journal. The review concludes with an overview of future challenges, such as the need to adhere to a phased conditional approach for the implementation of operational SIT programs, the need to make the SIT more cost effective, to respond with demand driven research to solve the problems faced by the operational SIT programs and the use of the SIT to address a multitude of exotic species that are being introduced, due to globalization, and established in areas where they could not survive before, due to climate change.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Hanano Yamada
- Insect Pest Control Subprogramme, Joint FAO/IAEA Centre of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, Department of Nuclear Sciences and Applications, International Atomic Energy Agency, A-1400 Vienna, Austria; (M.J.B.V.); (A.M.M.A.-A.); (K.B.); (J.B.); (C.C.); (C.d.B.); (D.O.C.); (H.M.); (W.M.); (K.N.); (R.P.)
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Alvarado WA, Agudelo SO, Velez ID, Vivero RJ. Description of the ovarian microbiota of Aedes aegypti (L) Rockefeller strain. Acta Trop 2021; 214:105765. [PMID: 33245909 DOI: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2020.105765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2019] [Revised: 11/09/2020] [Accepted: 11/16/2020] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Aedes aegypti is one of the vectors responsible for transmitting the viruses that cause dengue, Zika and chikungunya in the human population. Mosquitoes have bacterial communities in different organs, mainly in the midgut, but to a lesser extent in their reproductive organs, such as the ovaries, where replication and vertical transmission is decisive for dengue virus. These bacteria also influence metabolic and physiological processes such as ingestion and digestion of blood. In this study, aerobic bacterial communities associated with ovaries of A. aegypti Rockefeller strain were determined, describing their potential function during ovocitary development. The groups of mosquitoes were separated into three treatments: diet with 10% sugar solution, diet with blood supply, and blood feeding combined with tetracycline. The ovaries were extracted from the mosquitoes, and then put in enriched culture media (blood and nutritive agar) by direct inoculation, for subsequent isolation and macroscopic and microscopic characterization of the colonies. The taxonomic determination of bacterial isolates was achieved by sequence analysis of the 16S rRNA gene. A higher bacterial load was observed in the sugar feeding group (6 × 10³ CFU/ml) in contrast to the group fed only with blood, with and without an antibiotic (4.03-4.04 × 10³CFU/ml; 4.85-5.04 × 10³CFU/ml). As a result, a total of 35 colonies were isolated, of which 80% were gram-negative and 20% gram-positive; 72% were lactose negative and 8% lactose positive. Of the total bacteria, 83% had gamma hemolysis, 17% alpha hemolysis, and none presented beta hemolysis. After phenotypic and biochemical characterization, 17 isolates were selected for molecular identification. Only phyla Actinobacteria and Proteobacteria were found. Bacteria associated with ovaries of A. aegypti were mainly identified as belonging to the Serratia and Klebsiella genera. Some bacteria (Serratia marcescens, Pantoea dispersa and Klebsiella oxytoca) have wide biotechnological potential due to their entomopathogenic power and their bioactivity against different pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wilber A Alvarado
- Programa de Estudio y Control de Enfermedades Tropicales, Sede de Investigación Universitaria, Universidad de Antioquia. Laboratory 632, Medellín Postal Code 050003, Colombia.
| | - Susana Ochoa Agudelo
- Research Group BIOCIENCIAS, Institución Universitaria Colegio Mayor. Tv. 78 #65 - 46, Medellín, Antioquia, Colombia.
| | - Iván Darío Velez
- Programa de Estudio y Control de Enfermedades Tropicales, Sede de Investigación Universitaria, Universidad de Antioquia. Laboratory 632, Medellín Postal Code 050003, Colombia.
| | - Rafael José Vivero
- Programa de Estudio y Control de Enfermedades Tropicales, Sede de Investigación Universitaria, Universidad de Antioquia. Laboratory 632, Medellín Postal Code 050003, Colombia; Microbiodiversity and Bioprospecting Group, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Medellín. Street 59 A # 63-20, Medellín Postal Code 050003, Colombia.
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Nikolouli K, Augustinos AA, Stathopoulou P, Asimakis E, Mintzas A, Bourtzis K, Tsiamis G. Genetic structure and symbiotic profile of worldwide natural populations of the Mediterranean fruit fly, Ceratitis capitata. BMC Genet 2020; 21:128. [PMID: 33339507 PMCID: PMC7747371 DOI: 10.1186/s12863-020-00946-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Mediterranean fruit fly, Ceratitis capitata, is a cosmopolitan agricultural pest of worldwide economic importance and a model for the development of the Sterile Insect Technique (SIT) for fruit flies of the Tephritidae family (Diptera). SIT relies on the effective mating of laboratory-reared strains and natural populations, and therefore requires an efficient mass-rearing system that will allow for the production of high-quality males. Adaptation of wild flies to an artificial laboratory environment can be accompanied by negative effects on several life history traits through changes in their genetic diversity and symbiotic communities. Such changes may lead to reduced biological quality and mating competitiveness in respect to the wild populations. Profiling wild populations can help understand, and maybe reverse, deleterious effects accompanying laboratory domestication thus providing insects that can efficiently and effectively support SIT application. RESULTS In the present study, we analyzed both the genetic structure and gut symbiotic communities of natural medfly populations of worldwide distribution, including Europe, Africa, Australia, and the Americas. The genetic structure of 408 individuals from 15 distinct populations was analyzed with a set of commonly used microsatellite markers. The symbiotic communities of a subset of 265 individuals from 11 populations were analyzed using the 16S rRNA gene-based amplicon sequencing of single individuals (adults). Genetic differentiation was detected among geographically distant populations while adults originated from neighboring areas were genetically closer. Alpha and beta diversity of bacterial communities pointed to an overall reduced symbiotic diversity and the influence of the geographic location on the bacterial profile. CONCLUSIONS Our analysis revealed differences both in the genetic profile and the structure of gut symbiotic communities of medfly natural populations. The genetic analysis expanded our knowledge to populations not analyzed before and our results were in accordance with the existing scenarios regarding this species expansion and colonization pathways. At the same time, the bacterial communities from different natural medfly populations have been characterized, thus broadening our knowledge on the microbiota of the species across its range. Genetic and symbiotic differences between natural and laboratory populations must be considered when designing AW-IPM approaches with a SIT component, since they may impact mating compatibility and mating competitiveness of the laboratory-reared males. In parallel, enrichment from wild populations and/or symbiotic supplementation could increase rearing productivity, biological quality, and mating competitiveness of SIT-important laboratory strains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katerina Nikolouli
- Insect Pest Control Laboratory, Joint FAO/IAEA Programme of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, A-1400, Vienna, Austria
| | - Antonios A Augustinos
- Insect Pest Control Laboratory, Joint FAO/IAEA Programme of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, A-1400, Vienna, Austria.
- Department of Biology, University of Patras, 26504, Patras, Greece.
- Present address: Department of Plant Protection, Hellenic Agricultural Organization-Demeter, Institute of Industrial and Forage Crops, 26442, Patras, Greece.
| | | | - Elias Asimakis
- Department of Environmental Engineering, University of Patras, 30100, Agrinio, Greece
| | | | - Kostas Bourtzis
- Insect Pest Control Laboratory, Joint FAO/IAEA Programme of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, A-1400, Vienna, Austria
| | - George Tsiamis
- Department of Environmental Engineering, University of Patras, 30100, Agrinio, Greece.
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Hamden H, MSaad Guerfali M, Charaabi K, Djobbi W, Fadhl S, Mahjoubi M, Mnasri K, Najjari A, Saidi M, Chevrier C, Cherif A. Screening and selection of potential probiotic strains from the Mediterranean fruit fly (Ceratitis capitata) guts origin based on SIT application. JOURNAL OF RADIATION RESEARCH AND APPLIED SCIENCES 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/16878507.2020.1848010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- H. Hamden
- Laboratory of Biotechnology and Nuclear Technologies LR16CNSTN01, National Center of Nuclear Sciences and Technologies, Technopole Sidi Thabet 2020, Ariana, Tunisia
| | - Meriem MSaad Guerfali
- Laboratory of Biotechnology and Nuclear Technologies LR16CNSTN01, National Center of Nuclear Sciences and Technologies, Technopole Sidi Thabet 2020, Ariana, Tunisia
| | - K. Charaabi
- Laboratory of Biotechnology and Nuclear Technologies LR16CNSTN01, National Center of Nuclear Sciences and Technologies, Technopole Sidi Thabet 2020, Ariana, Tunisia
| | - W. Djobbi
- Laboratory of Biotechnology and Nuclear Technologies LR16CNSTN01, National Center of Nuclear Sciences and Technologies, Technopole Sidi Thabet 2020, Ariana, Tunisia
| | - S. Fadhl
- Laboratory of Biotechnology and Nuclear Technologies LR16CNSTN01, National Center of Nuclear Sciences and Technologies, Technopole Sidi Thabet 2020, Ariana, Tunisia
| | - M. Mahjoubi
- Isbst, BVBGR-LR11ES31, University of Manouba, Technopole Sidi Thabet 2020, Ariana, Tunisia
| | - K. Mnasri
- Isbst, BVBGR-LR11ES31, University of Manouba, Technopole Sidi Thabet 2020, Ariana, Tunisia
| | - A. Najjari
- Isbst, BVBGR-LR11ES31, University of Manouba, Technopole Sidi Thabet 2020, Ariana, Tunisia
| | - M. Saidi
- Laboratory of Biotechnology and Nuclear Technologies LR16CNSTN01, National Center of Nuclear Sciences and Technologies, Technopole Sidi Thabet 2020, Ariana, Tunisia
| | - C. Chevrier
- IRBI, University of Tours UMR CNRS, 7261, Tours, France
| | - A. Cherif
- Isbst, BVBGR-LR11ES31, University of Manouba, Technopole Sidi Thabet 2020, Ariana, Tunisia
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31
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Hassan B, Siddiqui JA, Xu Y. Vertically Transmitted Gut Bacteria and Nutrition Influence the Immunity and Fitness of Bactrocera dorsalis Larvae. Front Microbiol 2020; 11:596352. [PMID: 33193277 PMCID: PMC7661685 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.596352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2020] [Accepted: 10/12/2020] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Symbiotic bacterial communities that colonize the digestive tract of tephritid fruit flies interact with nutrient intake to improve the flies' fitness and immunity. Some bacterial species consistently inhabit the tephritid guts and are transmitted to the next generation vertically. These species contribute significantly to some aspects of their host's physiology. In the current study, we examined the role of four vertically transmitted bacteria (Citrobacter, Enterobacter, Klebsiella, and Providencia) on the fitness parameters and immunity of Bactrocera dorsalis larvae that were fed a nutritionally manipulated diet. For this purpose, eggs were collected from axenic, gnotobiotic, and symbiotic adult flies, and larvae were reared on four types of diets in which carbohydrate and/or protein contents were reduced and then compared with larvae raised on a control diet. The diet and bacterial interactions significantly affected the fitness and immunity of B. dorsalis. Larvae of axenic flies grew slower and displayed weaker immune-based responses (PO activity, antibacterial activity, survival) than larvae of gnotobiotic and symbiotic flies. Overall, larvae reared on the low-protein diet grew slower than those reared on the control or low-carbohydrate diets. Survival, PO activity, and antibacterial activity were significantly lower in the hemolymph of larvae reared on low-protein diets. Our results also revealed that the levels of hemolymph protein, glucose, trehalose, and triglyceride in larvae from axenic flies were significantly lower than those in larvae of the symbiotic group after they fed on most of the tested diets. These results strongly infer that diet and vertically transmitted bacteria are both essential contributors to the fitness and immunity of B. dorsalis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Babar Hassan
- Laboratory of Quarantine and Invasive Pests, Department of Entomology, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Junaid Ali Siddiqui
- Laboratory of Quarantine and Invasive Pests, Department of Entomology, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yijuan Xu
- Laboratory of Quarantine and Invasive Pests, Department of Entomology, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
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Salgueiro J, Pimper LE, Segura DF, Milla FH, Russo RM, Asimakis E, Stathopoulou P, Bourtzis K, Cladera JL, Tsiamis G, Lanzavecchia SB. Gut Bacteriome Analysis of Anastrepha fraterculus sp. 1 During the Early Steps of Laboratory Colonization. Front Microbiol 2020; 11:570960. [PMID: 33193166 PMCID: PMC7606190 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.570960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2020] [Accepted: 09/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Microbial communities associated to insect species are involved in essential biological functions such as host nutrition, reproduction and survivability. Main factors have been described as modulators of gut bacterial community, such as diet, habit, developmental stage and taxonomy of the host. The present work focuses on the complex changes that gut microbial communities go through when wild insects are introduced to artificial rearing conditions. Specifically, we analyzed the effect of the laboratory colonization on the richness and diversity of the gut bacteriome hosted by the fruit fly pest Anastrepha fraterculus sp. 1. Bacterial profiles were studied by amplicon sequencing of the 16S rRNA V3-V4 hypervariable region in gut samples of males and females, in teneral (1-day-old, unfed) and post-teneral (15-day-old, fed) flies. A total of 3,147,665 sequence reads were obtained and 32 bacterial operational taxonomic units (OTUs) were identified. Proteobacteria was the most abundant phylum (93.3% of the total reads) and, Wolbachia and Enterobacter were the most represented taxa at the genus level (29.9% and 27.7%, respectively, of the total read counts). Wild and laboratory flies showed highly significant differences in the relative abundances of bacteria. The analysis of the core bacteriome showed the presence of five OTUs in all samples grouped by origin, while nine and five OTUs were exclusively detected in laboratory and wild flies, respectively. Irrespective of fly origin or sex, a dominant presence of Wolbachia was observed in teneral flies, whereas Enterobacter was highly abundant in post-teneral individuals. We evidenced significant differences in bacterial richness and diversity among generations under laboratory colonization (F0, F1, F3 and F6) and compared to laboratory and wild flies, displaying also differential patterns between teneral and post-teneral flies. Laboratory and wild A. fraterculus sp. 1 harbor different gut bacterial communities. Laboratory colonization has an important effect on the microbiota, most likely associated to the combined effects of insect physiology and environmental conditions (e.g., diet and colony management).
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Affiliation(s)
- Julieta Salgueiro
- Laboratorio de Insectos de Importancia Agronómica, Instituto de Genética "E.A. Favret", Centro de Investigación en Ciencias Veterinarias y Agronómicas - Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria, Instituto de Agrobiotecnología y Biología Molecular - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Tecnológicas, Buenos Aires, Argentina.,Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Lida E Pimper
- Laboratorio de Insectos de Importancia Agronómica, Instituto de Genética "E.A. Favret", Centro de Investigación en Ciencias Veterinarias y Agronómicas - Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria, Instituto de Agrobiotecnología y Biología Molecular - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Tecnológicas, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Diego F Segura
- Laboratorio de Insectos de Importancia Agronómica, Instituto de Genética "E.A. Favret", Centro de Investigación en Ciencias Veterinarias y Agronómicas - Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria, Instituto de Agrobiotecnología y Biología Molecular - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Tecnológicas, Buenos Aires, Argentina.,Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Fabián H Milla
- Laboratorio de Insectos de Importancia Agronómica, Instituto de Genética "E.A. Favret", Centro de Investigación en Ciencias Veterinarias y Agronómicas - Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria, Instituto de Agrobiotecnología y Biología Molecular - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Tecnológicas, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Romina M Russo
- Laboratorio de Insectos de Importancia Agronómica, Instituto de Genética "E.A. Favret", Centro de Investigación en Ciencias Veterinarias y Agronómicas - Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria, Instituto de Agrobiotecnología y Biología Molecular - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Tecnológicas, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Elias Asimakis
- Department of Environmental Engineering, University of Patras, Agrinio, Greece
| | | | - Kostas Bourtzis
- Insect Pest Control Laboratory, Joint FAO/IAEA Programme of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, Vienna, Austria
| | - Jorge L Cladera
- Laboratorio de Insectos de Importancia Agronómica, Instituto de Genética "E.A. Favret", Centro de Investigación en Ciencias Veterinarias y Agronómicas - Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria, Instituto de Agrobiotecnología y Biología Molecular - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Tecnológicas, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - George Tsiamis
- Department of Environmental Engineering, University of Patras, Agrinio, Greece
| | - Silvia B Lanzavecchia
- Laboratorio de Insectos de Importancia Agronómica, Instituto de Genética "E.A. Favret", Centro de Investigación en Ciencias Veterinarias y Agronómicas - Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria, Instituto de Agrobiotecnología y Biología Molecular - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Tecnológicas, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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De Cock M, Virgilio M, Vandamme P, Bourtzis K, De Meyer M, Willems A. Comparative Microbiomics of Tephritid Frugivorous Pests (Diptera: Tephritidae) From the Field: A Tale of High Variability Across and Within Species. Front Microbiol 2020; 11:1890. [PMID: 32849469 PMCID: PMC7431611 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.01890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2020] [Accepted: 07/20/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The family Tephritidae includes some of the most notorious insect pests of agricultural and horticultural crops in tropical and sub-tropical regions. Despite the interest in the study of their gut microbiome, our present knowledge is largely based on the analysis of laboratory strains. In this study, we present a first comparative analysis of the gut microbiome profiles of field populations of ten African and Mediterranean tephritid pests. For each species, third instar larvae were sampled from different locations and host fruits and compared using 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing and a multi-factorial sampling design. We observed considerable variation in gut microbiome diversity and composition both between and within fruit fly species. A “core” microbiome, shared across all targeted species, could only be identified at most at family level (Enterobacteriaceae). At genus level only a few bacterial genera (Klebsiella, Enterobacter, and Bacillus) were present in most, but not all, samples, with high variability in their relative abundance. Higher relative abundances were found for seven bacterial genera in five of the fruit fly species considered. These were Erwinia in Bactrocera oleae, Lactococcus in B. zonata, Providencia in Ceratitis flexuosa, Klebsiella, and Rahnella in C. podocarpi and Acetobacter and Serratia in C. rosa. With the possible exception of C. capitata and B. dorsalis (the two most polyphagous species considered) we could not detect obvious relationships between fruit fly dietary breadth and microbiome diversity or abundance patterns. Similarly, our results did not suggest straightforward differences between the microbiome profiles of species belonging to Ceratitis and the closely related Bactrocera/Zeugodacus. These results provide a first comparative analysis of the gut microbiomes of field populations of multiple economically relevant tephritids and provide base line information for future studies that will further investigate the possible functional role of the observed associations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maarten De Cock
- Royal Museum for Central Africa, Tervuren, Belgium.,Laboratory of Microbiology, Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Faculty of Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | | | - Peter Vandamme
- Laboratory of Microbiology, Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Faculty of Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Kostas Bourtzis
- Insect Pest Control Laboratory, Joint Food and Agriculture Organization of the UnitedNations/International Atomic Energy Agency (FAO/IAEA) Division of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, Vienna, Austria
| | | | - Anne Willems
- Laboratory of Microbiology, Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Faculty of Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
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Shuttleworth LA, Khan MAM, Collins D, Osborne T, Reynolds OL. Wild bacterial probiotics fed to larvae of mass-reared Queensland fruit fly [Bactrocera tryoni (Froggatt)] do not impact long-term survival, mate selection, or locomotor activity. INSECT SCIENCE 2020; 27:745-755. [PMID: 30848568 DOI: 10.1111/1744-7917.12670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2018] [Revised: 03/01/2019] [Accepted: 03/03/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Queensland fruit fly [Bactrocera tryoni (Froggatt), Diptera, Tephritidae] is the most devastating insect pest impacting Australian horticulture. The Sterile Insect Technique (SIT) is an important component of tephritid pest management programs. However, mass-rearing and irradiation (to render insects sterile) may reduce the fitness and performance of the insect, including the ability of sterile males to successfully compete for wild females. Manipulation of the gut microbiome, including the supplementation with bacterial probiotics shows promise for enhancing the quality of mass-reared sterile flies, however there are fewer published studies targeting the larval stage. In this study, we supplemented the larval stage of mass-reared B. tryoni with bacterial probiotics. We tested several individual bacteria that had been previously isolated and characterized from the gut of wild B. tryoni larvae including Asaia sp., Enterobacter sp., Lactobacillus sp., Leuconostoc sp. We also tested a consortium of all four of these bacterial isolates. The fitness parameters tested included adult survival in field cages, laboratory mate selection of bacteria supplemented males by bacteria nonsupplemented females, and laboratory locomotor activity of adult flies. None of the bacterial probiotic treatments in the current study was significantly different to the control for field survival, mate selection or locomotor activity of adult B. tryoni, which agree with some of the other studies regarding bacterial probiotics fed to the larval stage of tephritids. Future work is needed to determine if feeding the same, and/or other probiotics to adults, as opposed to larvae can positively impact survival, mating performance, mating competitiveness and locomotor activity of B. tryoni. The bacterial group(s) and function of bacterial species that increase fitness and competitiveness is also of interest to tephritid mass-rearing programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucas A Shuttleworth
- New South Wales Department of Primary Industries, Elizabeth Macarthur Agricultural Institute, Menangle, Australia
| | - Mohammed Abul Monjur Khan
- New South Wales Department of Primary Industries, Elizabeth Macarthur Agricultural Institute, Menangle, Australia
- Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Entomology, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, Bangladesh
| | - Damian Collins
- New South Wales Department of Primary Industries, Elizabeth Macarthur Agricultural Institute, Menangle, Australia
| | - Terry Osborne
- New South Wales Department of Primary Industries, Elizabeth Macarthur Agricultural Institute, Menangle, Australia
| | - Olivia L Reynolds
- New South Wales Department of Primary Industries, Elizabeth Macarthur Agricultural Institute, Menangle, Australia
- Graham Centre (an alliance between NSW Department of Primary Industries and Charles Sturt University), Wagga Wagga, New South Wales, Australia
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops, Institute of Applied Ecology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
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Detection of Wolbachia Infections in Natural and Laboratory Populations of the Moroccan Hessian Fly, Mayetiola destructor (Say). INSECTS 2020; 11:insects11060340. [PMID: 32498270 PMCID: PMC7349215 DOI: 10.3390/insects11060340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2020] [Revised: 05/27/2020] [Accepted: 05/28/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Mayetiola destructor (Hessian fly) is a destructive pest of wheat in several parts of the world. Here, we investigated the presence of reproductive symbionts and the effect of the geographical location on the bacterial community associated to adult Hessian flies derived from four major wheat producing areas in Morocco. Using specific 16S rDNA PCR assay, Wolbachia infection was observed in 3% of the natural populations and 10% of the laboratory population. High throughput sequencing of V3-V4 region of the bacterial 16S rRNA gene revealed that the microbiota of adult Hessian flies was significantly influenced by their native regions. A total of 6 phyla, 10 classes and 79 genera were obtained from all the samples. Confirming the screening results, Wolbachia was identified as well in the natural Hessian flies. Phylogenetic analysis using the sequences obtained in this study indicated that there is one Wolbachia strain belonging to supergroup A. To our knowledge, this is the first report of Wolbachia in Hessian fly populations. The observed low abundance of Wolbachia most likely does not indicate induction of reproductive incompatibility. Yet, this infection may give a new insight into the use of Wolbachia for the fight against Hessian fly populations.
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Chen S, Zhang D, Augustinos A, Doudoumis V, Bel Mokhtar N, Maiga H, Tsiamis G, Bourtzis K. Multiple Factors Determine the Structure of Bacterial Communities Associated With Aedes albopictus Under Artificial Rearing Conditions. Front Microbiol 2020; 11:605. [PMID: 32351473 PMCID: PMC7176356 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.00605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2019] [Accepted: 03/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Insect symbionts are major manipulators of host’s behavior. Their effect on parameters such as fecundity, male mating competitiveness, and biological quality in general, can have a major influence on the effectiveness of the sterile insect technique (SIT). SIT is currently being developed and applied against human disease vectors, including Ae. albopictus, as an environment-friendly method of population suppression, therefore there is a renewed interest on both the characterization of gut microbiota and their exploitation in artificial rearing. In the present study, bacterial communities of eggs, larvae, and adults (both males and females) of artificially reared Ae. albopictus, were characterized using both culture-dependent and culture-independent approaches. Mosquito-associated bacteria corresponding to thirteen and five bacteria genera were isolated from the larval food and the sugar solution (adult food), respectively. The symbiont community of the females was affected by the provision of a blood meal. Pseudomonas and Enterobacter were either introduced or enhanced with the blood meal, whereas Serratia were relatively stable during the adult stage of females. Maintenance of these taxa in female guts is probably related with blood digestion. Gut-associated microbiota of males and females were different, starting early after emergence and continuing in older stages. Our results indicate that eggs contained bacteria from more than fifteen genera including Bacillus, Chryseobacterium, and Escherichia–Shigella, which were also main components of gut microbiota of female adults before and after blood feeding, indicating potential transmission among generations. Our results provided a thorough study of the egg- and gut-associated bacteria of artificially reared Ae. albopictus, which can be important for further studies using probiotic bacteria to improve the effectiveness of mosquito artificial rearing and SIT applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shi Chen
- Insect Pest Control Laboratory, Joint FAO/IAEA Division of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, Vienna, Austria.,Beneficial Insects Institute, Fujian Agriculture & Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Dongjing Zhang
- Insect Pest Control Laboratory, Joint FAO/IAEA Division of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, Vienna, Austria.,Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Control of the Ministry of Education, Sun Yat-sen University-Michigan State University Joint Center of Vector Control for Tropical Diseases, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Antonios Augustinos
- Insect Pest Control Laboratory, Joint FAO/IAEA Division of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, Vienna, Austria
| | - Vangelis Doudoumis
- Department of Environmental Engineering, University of Patras, Agrinio, Greece
| | - Naima Bel Mokhtar
- Department of Environmental Engineering, University of Patras, Agrinio, Greece
| | - Hamidou Maiga
- Insect Pest Control Laboratory, Joint FAO/IAEA Division of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, Vienna, Austria.,Institut de Recherche en Sciences de la Santé/Direction Régionale de l'Ouest, Bobo-Dioulasso, Burkina Faso
| | - George Tsiamis
- Department of Environmental Engineering, University of Patras, Agrinio, Greece
| | - Kostas Bourtzis
- Insect Pest Control Laboratory, Joint FAO/IAEA Division of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, Vienna, Austria
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Msaad Guerfali M, Chevrier C. Determinant factors for sperm transfer and sperm storage within Ceratitis capitata (Diptera: Tephritidae) and impact on Sterile Insect Technique. JOURNAL OF RADIATION RESEARCH AND APPLIED SCIENCES 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/16878507.2020.1855901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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Morimoto J, Nguyen B, Tabrizi ST, Lundbäck I, Taylor PW, Ponton F, Chapman TA. Commensal microbiota modulates larval foraging behaviour, development rate and pupal production in Bactrocera tryoni. BMC Microbiol 2019; 19:286. [PMID: 31870299 PMCID: PMC6929265 DOI: 10.1186/s12866-019-1648-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Backround Commensal microbes can promote survival and growth of developing insects, and have important fitness implications in adulthood. Insect larvae can acquire commensal microbes through two main routes: by vertical acquisition from maternal deposition of microbes on the eggshells and by horizontal acquisition from the environment where the larvae develop. To date, however, little is known about how microbes acquired through these different routes interact to shape insect development. In the present study, we investigated how vertically and horizontally acquired microbiota influence larval foraging behaviour, development time to pupation and pupal production in the Queensland fruit fly (‘Qfly’), Bactrocera tryoni. Results Both vertically and horizontally acquired microbiota were required to maximise pupal production in Qfly. Moreover, larvae exposed to both vertically and horizontally acquired microbiota pupated sooner than those exposed to no microbiota, or only to horizontally acquired microbiota. Larval foraging behaviour was also influenced by both vertically and horizontally acquired microbiota. Larvae from treatments exposed to neither vertically nor horizontally acquired microbiota spent more time overall on foraging patches than did larvae of other treatments, and most notably had greater preference for diets with extreme protein or sugar compositions. Conclusion The integrity of the microbiota early in life is important for larval foraging behaviour, development time to pupation, and pupal production in Qflies. These findings highlight the complexity of microbial relations in this species, and provide insights to the importance of exposure to microbial communities during laboratory- or mass-rearing of tephritid fruit flies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliano Morimoto
- Department of Biological Sciences, Macquarie University, North Ryde, NSW, 2109, Australia. .,Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia e Conservação, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, 19031, CEP: 81531-990, Brazil.
| | - Binh Nguyen
- Department of Biological Sciences, Macquarie University, North Ryde, NSW, 2109, Australia
| | - Shabnam T Tabrizi
- Department of Biological Sciences, Macquarie University, North Ryde, NSW, 2109, Australia
| | - Ida Lundbäck
- Department of Biological Sciences, Macquarie University, North Ryde, NSW, 2109, Australia
| | - Phillip W Taylor
- Department of Biological Sciences, Macquarie University, North Ryde, NSW, 2109, Australia
| | - Fleur Ponton
- Department of Biological Sciences, Macquarie University, North Ryde, NSW, 2109, Australia
| | - Toni A Chapman
- The Elizabeth Macarthur Agricultural Institute, New South Wales Department of Primary Industries, Meneagle, NSW, 2568, Australia
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Kyritsis GA, Augustinos AA, Ntougias S, Papadopoulos NT, Bourtzis K, Cáceres C. Enterobacter sp. AA26 gut symbiont as a protein source for Mediterranean fruit fly mass-rearing and sterile insect technique applications. BMC Microbiol 2019; 19:288. [PMID: 31870292 PMCID: PMC6929400 DOI: 10.1186/s12866-019-1651-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Insect species have established sophisticated symbiotic associations with diverse groups of microorganisms including bacteria which have been shown to affect several aspects of their biology, physiology, ecology and evolution. In addition, recent studies have shown that insect symbionts, including those localized in the gastrointestinal tract, can be exploited for the enhancement of sterile insect technique (SIT) applications against major insect pests such as the Mediterranean fruit fly (medfly) Ceratitis capitata. We previously showed that Enterobacter sp. AA26 can be used as probiotic supplement in medfly larval diet improving the productivity and accelerating the development of the VIENNA 8 genetic sexing strain (GSS), which is currently used in large scale operational SIT programs worldwide. Results Enterobacter sp. AA26 was an adequate nutritional source for C. capitata larvae, comprising an effective substitute for brewer’s yeast. Incorporating inactive bacterial cells in the larval diet conferred a number of substantial beneficial effects on medfly biology. The consumption of bacteria-based diet (either as full or partial yeast replacement) resulted in decreased immature stages mortality, accelerated immature development, increased pupal weight, and elongated the survival under stress conditions. Moreover, neither the partial nor the complete replacement of yeast with Enterobacter sp. AA26 had significant impact on adult sex ratio, females’ fecundity, adults’ flight ability and males’ mating competitiveness. The absence of both yeast and Enterobacter sp. AA26 (deprivation of protein source and possible other important nutrients) from the larval diet detrimentally affected the larval development, survival and elongated the immature developmental duration. Conclusions Enterobacter sp. AA26 dry biomass can fully replace the brewer’s yeast as a protein source in medfly larval diet without any effect on the productivity and the biological quality of reared medfly of VIENNA 8 GSS as assessed by the FAO/IAEA/USDA standard quality control tests. We discuss this finding in the context of mass-rearing and SIT applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georgios A Kyritsis
- Insect Pest Control Laboratory, Joint FAO/IAEA Programme of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, A-1400, Vienna, Austria.,Laboratory of Entomology and Agricultural Zoology, Department of Agriculture Crop Production and Rural Environment, University of Thessaly, Phytokou St., 38446, N. Ionia, Magnisia, Greece
| | - Antonios A Augustinos
- Insect Pest Control Laboratory, Joint FAO/IAEA Programme of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, A-1400, Vienna, Austria
| | - Spyridon Ntougias
- Laboratory of Wastewater Management and Treatment Technologies, Department of Environmental Engineering, Democritus University of Thrace, Vas Sofias 12, 67100, Xanthi, Greece
| | - Nikos T Papadopoulos
- Laboratory of Entomology and Agricultural Zoology, Department of Agriculture Crop Production and Rural Environment, University of Thessaly, Phytokou St., 38446, N. Ionia, Magnisia, Greece
| | - Kostas Bourtzis
- Insect Pest Control Laboratory, Joint FAO/IAEA Programme of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, A-1400, Vienna, Austria.
| | - Carlos Cáceres
- Insect Pest Control Laboratory, Joint FAO/IAEA Programme of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, A-1400, Vienna, Austria
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Juárez ML, Pimper LE, Bachmann GE, Conte CA, Ruiz MJ, Goane L, Medina Pereyra P, Castro F, Salgueiro J, Cladera JL, Fernández PC, Bourtzis K, Lanzavecchia SB, Vera MT, Segura DF. Gut bacterial diversity and physiological traits of Anastrepha fraterculus Brazilian-1 morphotype males are affected by antibiotic treatment. BMC Microbiol 2019; 19:283. [PMID: 31870309 PMCID: PMC6929401 DOI: 10.1186/s12866-019-1645-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The interaction between gut bacterial symbionts and Tephritidae became the focus of several studies that showed that bacteria contributed to the nutritional status and the reproductive potential of its fruit fly hosts. Anastrepha fraterculus is an economically important fruit pest in South America. This pest is currently controlled by insecticides, which prompt the development of environmentally friendly methods such as the sterile insect technique (SIT). For SIT to be effective, a deep understanding of the biology and sexual behavior of the target species is needed. Although many studies have contributed in this direction, little is known about the composition and role of A. fraterculus symbiotic bacteria. In this study we tested the hypothesis that gut bacteria contribute to nutritional status and reproductive success of A. fraterculus males. Results AB affected the bacterial community of the digestive tract of A. fraterculus, in particular bacteria belonging to the Enterobacteriaceae family, which was the dominant bacterial group in the control flies (i.e., non-treated with AB). AB negatively affected parameters directly related to the mating success of laboratory males and their nutritional status. AB also affected males’ survival under starvation conditions. The effect of AB on the behaviour and nutritional status of the males depended on two additional factors: the origin of the males and the presence of a proteinaceous source in the diet. Conclusions Our results suggest that A. fraterculus males gut contain symbiotic organisms that are able to exert a positive contribution on A. fraterculus males’ fitness, although the physiological mechanisms still need further studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Laura Juárez
- Cátedra Terapéutica Vegetal, Facultad de Agronomía y Zootecnia (FAZ), Universidad Nacional de Tucumán (UNT), Tucumán, Argentina.,Unidad Ejecutora Lillo, Fundación Miguel Lillo, Tucumán, Argentina.,Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Lida Elena Pimper
- Instituto de Genética Ewald A. Favret (IGEAF), Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA) - GV Instituto de Agrobiotecnología y Biología Molecular (IABIMO, CONICET), Hurlingham, Argentina
| | - Guillermo Enrique Bachmann
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina.,Instituto de Genética Ewald A. Favret (IGEAF), Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA) - GV Instituto de Agrobiotecnología y Biología Molecular (IABIMO, CONICET), Hurlingham, Argentina
| | - Claudia Alejandra Conte
- Instituto de Genética Ewald A. Favret (IGEAF), Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA) - GV Instituto de Agrobiotecnología y Biología Molecular (IABIMO, CONICET), Hurlingham, Argentina
| | - María Josefina Ruiz
- Cátedra Terapéutica Vegetal, Facultad de Agronomía y Zootecnia (FAZ), Universidad Nacional de Tucumán (UNT), Tucumán, Argentina.,Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Lucía Goane
- Cátedra Terapéutica Vegetal, Facultad de Agronomía y Zootecnia (FAZ), Universidad Nacional de Tucumán (UNT), Tucumán, Argentina.,Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | | | - Felipe Castro
- Instituto de Fisiología Animal, Fundación Miguel Lillo, Tucumán, Argentina
| | - Julieta Salgueiro
- Instituto de Genética Ewald A. Favret (IGEAF), Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA) - GV Instituto de Agrobiotecnología y Biología Molecular (IABIMO, CONICET), Hurlingham, Argentina
| | - Jorge Luis Cladera
- Instituto de Genética Ewald A. Favret (IGEAF), Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA) - GV Instituto de Agrobiotecnología y Biología Molecular (IABIMO, CONICET), Hurlingham, Argentina
| | - Patricia Carina Fernández
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina.,Estación Agropecuaria Delta, Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA), Campana, Argentina
| | - Kostas Bourtzis
- Insect Pest Control Laboratory, Joint FAO/IAEA Division of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, Vienna, Austria
| | - Silvia Beatriz Lanzavecchia
- Instituto de Genética Ewald A. Favret (IGEAF), Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA) - GV Instituto de Agrobiotecnología y Biología Molecular (IABIMO, CONICET), Hurlingham, Argentina
| | - María Teresa Vera
- Cátedra Terapéutica Vegetal, Facultad de Agronomía y Zootecnia (FAZ), Universidad Nacional de Tucumán (UNT), Tucumán, Argentina.,Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Diego Fernando Segura
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina. .,Instituto de Genética Ewald A. Favret (IGEAF), Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA) - GV Instituto de Agrobiotecnología y Biología Molecular (IABIMO, CONICET), Hurlingham, Argentina.
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Asimakis ED, Khan M, Stathopoulou P, Caceres C, Bourtzis K, Tsiamis G. The effect of diet and radiation on the bacterial symbiome of the melon fly, Zeugodacus cucurbitae (Coquillett). BMC Biotechnol 2019; 19:88. [PMID: 31847902 PMCID: PMC6918631 DOI: 10.1186/s12896-019-0578-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Symbiotic bacteria contribute to a multitude of important biological functions such as nutrition and reproduction and affect multiple physiological factors like fitness and longevity in their insect hosts. The melon fly, Zeugodacus cucurbitae (Coquillett), is an important agricultural pest that affects a variety of cultivated plants belonging mostly to the Cucurbitaceae family. It is considered invasive and widespread in many parts of the world. Several approaches are currently being considered for the management of its populations including the environmentally friendly and effective sterile insect technique (SIT), as a component of an integrated pest management (IPM) strategy. In the present study, we examined the effect of diet and radiation on the bacterial symbiome of Z. cucurbitae flies with the use of Next Generation Sequencing technologies. Results Melon flies were reared on two diets at the larval stage, an artificial bran-based diet and on sweet gourd, which affected significantly the development of the bacterial profiles. Significant differentiation was also observed based on gender. The effect of radiation was mostly diet dependent, with irradiated melon flies reared on the bran diet exhibiting a significant reduction in species diversity and richness compared to their non-irradiated controls. Changes in the bacterial symbiome of the irradiated melon flies included a drastic reduction in the number of sequences affiliated with members of Citrobacter, Raoultella, and Enterobacteriaceae. At the same time, an increase was observed for members of Enterobacter, Providencia and Morganella. Interestingly, the irradiated male melon flies reared on sweet gourd showed a clear differentiation compared to their non-irradiated controls, namely a significant reduction in species richness and minor differences in the relative abundance for members of Enterobacter and Providencia. Conclusions The two diets in conjunction with the irradiation affected significantly the formation of the bacterial symbiome. Melon flies reared on the bran-based artificial diet displayed significant changes in the bacterial symbiome upon irradiation, in all aspects, including species richness, diversity and composition. When reared on sweet gourd, significant changes occurred to male samples due to radiation, only in terms of species richness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elias D Asimakis
- Department of Environmental Engineering, University of Patras, 2 Seferi St., 30131, Agrinio, Greece
| | - Mahfuza Khan
- Insect Biotechnology Division, Institute of Food and Radiation Biology (IFRB), Atomic Energy Research Establishment (AERE), Ganak bari, Savar, Dhaka, 1349, Bangladesh
| | - Panagiota Stathopoulou
- Department of Environmental Engineering, University of Patras, 2 Seferi St., 30131, Agrinio, Greece
| | - Carlos Caceres
- Insect Pest Control Laboratory, Joint FAO/IAEA Division of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, International Centre, P.O. Box 100, 1400, Vienna, Austria
| | - Kostas Bourtzis
- Insect Pest Control Laboratory, Joint FAO/IAEA Division of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, International Centre, P.O. Box 100, 1400, Vienna, Austria
| | - George Tsiamis
- Department of Environmental Engineering, University of Patras, 2 Seferi St., 30131, Agrinio, Greece.
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Khan M, Seheli K, Bari MA, Sultana N, Khan SA, Sultana KF, Hossain MA. Potential of a fly gut microbiota incorporated gel-based larval diet for rearing Bactrocera dorsalis (Hendel). BMC Biotechnol 2019; 19:94. [PMID: 31847853 PMCID: PMC6918544 DOI: 10.1186/s12896-019-0580-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The Oriental fruit fly, Bactrocera dorsalis (Hendel) (Diptera: Tephritidae), is an important polyphagous pest of horticultural produce. The sterile insect technique (SIT) is a proven control method against many insect pests, including fruit flies, under area-wide pest management programs. High quality mass-rearing process and the cost-effective production of sterile target species are important for SIT. Irradiation is reported to cause severe damage to the symbiotic community structure in the mid gut of fruit fly species, impairing SIT success. However, studies have found that target-specific manipulation of insect gut bacteria can positively impact the overall fitness of SIT-specific insects. Results Twelve bacterial genera were isolated and identified from B. dorsalis eggs, third instars larval gut and adults gut. The bacterial genera were Acinetobacter, Alcaligenes, Citrobacter, Pseudomonas, Proteus, and Stenotrophomonas, belonging to the Enterobacteriaceae family. Larval diet enrichment with the selected bacterial isolate, Proteus sp. was found to improve adult emergence, percentage of male, and survival under stress. However, no significant changes were recorded in B. dorsalis egg hatching, pupal yield, pupal weight, duration of the larval stage, or flight ability. Conclusions These findings support the hypothesis that gut bacterial isolates can be used in conjunction with SIT. The newly developed gel-based larval diet incorporated with Proteus sp. isolates can be used for large-scale mass rearing of B. dorsalis in the SIT program.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahfuza Khan
- Insect Biotechnology Division (IBD), Institute of Food and Radiation Biology (IFRB), Atomic Energy Research Establishment (AERE), Ganak bari, Savar, Dhaka, 1349, Bangladesh.
| | - Kajla Seheli
- Insect Biotechnology Division (IBD), Institute of Food and Radiation Biology (IFRB), Atomic Energy Research Establishment (AERE), Ganak bari, Savar, Dhaka, 1349, Bangladesh
| | - Md Abdul Bari
- Insect Biotechnology Division (IBD), Institute of Food and Radiation Biology (IFRB), Atomic Energy Research Establishment (AERE), Ganak bari, Savar, Dhaka, 1349, Bangladesh
| | - Nahida Sultana
- Insect Biotechnology Division (IBD), Institute of Food and Radiation Biology (IFRB), Atomic Energy Research Establishment (AERE), Ganak bari, Savar, Dhaka, 1349, Bangladesh
| | - Shakil Ahmed Khan
- Insect Biotechnology Division (IBD), Institute of Food and Radiation Biology (IFRB), Atomic Energy Research Establishment (AERE), Ganak bari, Savar, Dhaka, 1349, Bangladesh
| | | | - Md Anwar Hossain
- Jashore University of Science and Technology, Jashore, Bangladesh
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Draft Genome Sequence of Enterobacter hormaechei ENT5, a Component of the Symbiotic Community of Tephritid Flies. Microbiol Resour Announc 2019; 8:8/49/e01364-19. [PMID: 31806752 PMCID: PMC6895312 DOI: 10.1128/mra.01364-19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Enterobacter strains are among the dominant symbiotic bacteria in the gastrointestinal tract of insects, with the ability to fulfill diverse roles. In this announcement, we describe the draft genome sequence of Enterobacter hormaechei strain ENT5, isolated from wild adult Zeugodacus cucurbitae flies. Enterobacter strains are among the dominant symbiotic bacteria in the gastrointestinal tract of insects, with the ability to fulfill diverse roles. In this announcement, we describe the draft genome sequence of Enterobacter hormaechei strain ENT5, isolated from wild adult Zeugodacus cucurbitae flies.
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44
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Augustinos AA, Tsiamis G, Cáceres C, Abd-Alla AMM, Bourtzis K. Taxonomy, Diet, and Developmental Stage Contribute to the Structuring of Gut-Associated Bacterial Communities in Tephritid Pest Species. Front Microbiol 2019; 10:2004. [PMID: 31555239 PMCID: PMC6727639 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2019.02004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2019] [Accepted: 08/15/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Insect-symbiont interactions are receiving much attention in the last years. Symbiotic communities have been found to influence a variety of parameters regarding their host physiology and fitness. Gut symbiotic communities can be dynamic, changing through time and developmental stage. Whether these changes represent real differential needs and preferential relationships has not been addressed yet. In this study, we characterized the structure of symbiotic communities of five laboratory populations that represent five Tephritidae species that are targets for pest control management through the sterile insect technique (SIT), namely Bactrocera oleae, Anastrepha grandis, Anastrepha ludens, and two morphotypes of Anastrepha fraterculus (sp.1 and the Andean lineage). These populations are under artificial or semi artificial rearing conditions and their characterization was performed for different developmental stages and age. Our results demonstrate the presence of a symbiotic community comprising mainly from different Enterobacteriaceae genera. These communities are dynamic across developmental stages, although not highly variable, and appear to have a species-specific profile. Additional factors may contribute to the observed structuring, including diet, rearing practices, and the degree of domestication. Comparison of these results with those derived from natural populations could shed light to changes occurring in the symbiotic level during domestication of Tephritidae populations. Further studies will elucidate whether the changes are associated with modification of the behavior in laboratory strains and assess their effects in the quality of the mass rearing insects. This could be beneficial for improving environmentally friendly, species-specific, pest control methods, such as the SIT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonios A Augustinos
- Insect Pest Control Laboratory, Joint FAO/IAEA Division of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, Vienna, Austria
| | - George Tsiamis
- Department of Environmental Engineering, University of Patras, Agrinio, Greece
| | - Carlos Cáceres
- Insect Pest Control Laboratory, Joint FAO/IAEA Division of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, Vienna, Austria
| | - Adly M M Abd-Alla
- Insect Pest Control Laboratory, Joint FAO/IAEA Division of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, Vienna, Austria
| | - Kostas Bourtzis
- Insect Pest Control Laboratory, Joint FAO/IAEA Division of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, Vienna, Austria
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Guillén L, Pascacio-Villafán C, Stoffolano JG, López-Sánchez L, Velázquez O, Rosas-Saito G, Altúzar-Molina A, Ramírez M, Aluja M. Structural Differences in the Digestive Tract Between Females and Males Could Modulate Regurgitation Behavior in Anastrepha ludens (Diptera: Tephritidae). JOURNAL OF INSECT SCIENCE (ONLINE) 2019; 19:7. [PMID: 31309985 PMCID: PMC6630993 DOI: 10.1093/jisesa/iez070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2019] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
With the aim of understanding the mechanisms involved in the regurgitation behavior of tephritid flies, we performed a structural study of the digestive system of the economically important fruit-fly pest, Anastrepha ludens (Loew) using optical, scanning electronic microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM), plus a feeding assay. Most structures studied are similar to those previously reported in other adult dipterans, but, importantly, we found sexual differences in some structures that apparently affect regurgitation. We report for the first time sexual differences in the crop duct nerve and large numbers of dense core vesicles within the nerve bundle. Male nerve bundles are bigger and have more secretory vesicles than female ones. The close proximity to the muscles of both the crop lobes and duct suggest that these vesicles (i.e., possibly neurosecretions) might help modulate the muscles regulating regurgitation. The salivary glands are connected to the crop via tracheae, however, SEM/TEM studies failed to find any direct structural connection. Results of the feeding assay indicate that, independently of food type (sucrose or protein) and age, males regurgitate significantly more than females. Regurgitation behavior may also play an important role in capturing bacteria in the environment, and possibly help adults eliminate ingested toxicants such as insecticides. Our findings shed light on an interesting phenomenon that has important practical implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Larissa Guillén
- Red de Manejo Biorracional de Plagas y Vectores, Instituto de Ecología, A.C. – INECOL, Clúster Científico y Tecnológico BioMimic®, Carretera antigua a Coatepec, El Haya, Xalapa, Veracruz, México
| | - Carlos Pascacio-Villafán
- Red de Manejo Biorracional de Plagas y Vectores, Instituto de Ecología, A.C. – INECOL, Clúster Científico y Tecnológico BioMimic®, Carretera antigua a Coatepec, El Haya, Xalapa, Veracruz, México
| | - John G Stoffolano
- Stockbridge School of Agriculture, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA
| | - Lorena López-Sánchez
- Red de Estudios Moleculares Avanzados, Instituto de Ecología, A.C. – INECOL, Clúster Científico y Tecnológico BioMimic®, Carretera antigua a Coatepec, El Haya, Xalapa, Veracruz, México
| | - Olinda Velázquez
- Red de Estudios Moleculares Avanzados, Instituto de Ecología, A.C. – INECOL, Clúster Científico y Tecnológico BioMimic®, Carretera antigua a Coatepec, El Haya, Xalapa, Veracruz, México
| | - Greta Rosas-Saito
- Red de Estudios Moleculares Avanzados, Instituto de Ecología, A.C. – INECOL, Clúster Científico y Tecnológico BioMimic®, Carretera antigua a Coatepec, El Haya, Xalapa, Veracruz, México
| | - Alma Altúzar-Molina
- Red de Manejo Biorracional de Plagas y Vectores, Instituto de Ecología, A.C. – INECOL, Clúster Científico y Tecnológico BioMimic®, Carretera antigua a Coatepec, El Haya, Xalapa, Veracruz, México
| | - Mónica Ramírez
- Red de Estudios Moleculares Avanzados, Instituto de Ecología, A.C. – INECOL, Clúster Científico y Tecnológico BioMimic®, Carretera antigua a Coatepec, El Haya, Xalapa, Veracruz, México
| | - Martín Aluja
- Red de Manejo Biorracional de Plagas y Vectores, Instituto de Ecología, A.C. – INECOL, Clúster Científico y Tecnológico BioMimic®, Carretera antigua a Coatepec, El Haya, Xalapa, Veracruz, México
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