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Huo X, Zhou Y, Zhu N, Guo X, Luo W, Zhuang Y, Leng F, Wang Y. Soil Organic Matter and Total Nitrogen Reshaped Root-Associated Bacteria Community and Synergistic Change the Stress Resistance of Codonopsis pilosula. Mol Biotechnol 2024:10.1007/s12033-024-01217-3. [PMID: 38890219 DOI: 10.1007/s12033-024-01217-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2024] [Accepted: 06/07/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024]
Abstract
The stress resistance of medicinal plants is essential to the accumulation of pharmacological active ingredients, but the regulation mechanism of biological factors and abiotic factors on medicinal plants is still unclear. To investigate the mechanism of soil nutrient and microecology on the stress resistance of C. pilosula, rhizosphere soil and roots were collected across the four seasons in Minxian, Gansu, and their physicochemical properties, as well as root-associated microorganisms, were examined. The results showed that the bacterial α-diversity indexes increased in the endosphere and rhizosphere from summer to autumn. At the same time, the community composition and function changed considerably. The stability of the endophytic bacterial community was higher than that rhizospheric bacteria, and the complexity of the endophytic bacterial community was lower than rhizospheric bacteria. Soil organic matter (OM), water content (WC), total potassium (TK), and total nitrogen (TN) have been identified as the key factors affecting bacterial community diversity and stress resistance of C. pilosula. WC, TN, and OM showed significant differences from summer to autumn (P < 0.5). Four key soil physiochemical factors changed significantly between seasons (P < 0.01). TN and OM change the stress resistance of C. pilosula mainly by changing the activity of antioxidant enzymes. Changes of OM and endophytic bacterial diversity affect the accumulation of soluble sugars to alter stress resistance. These four key soil physicochemical factors significantly influenced the diversity of endophytic bacteria. WC and OM were identified as the most important factors for endophytic and rhizospheric bacteria, respectively. This study provided the research basis for the scientific planting of C. pilosula.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaokang Huo
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou, 730050, China
| | - Yumeng Zhou
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou, 730050, China
| | - Ning Zhu
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou, 730050, China
| | - Xiaopeng Guo
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou, 730050, China
| | - Wen Luo
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou, 730050, China
| | - Yan Zhuang
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou, 730050, China
| | - Feifan Leng
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou, 730050, China
| | - Yonggang Wang
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou, 730050, China.
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de Souza Rodrigues R, de Souza AQL, Feitoza MDO, Alves TCL, Barbosa AN, da Silva Santiago SRS, de Souza ADL. Biotechnological potential of actinomycetes in the 21st century: a brief review. Antonie Van Leeuwenhoek 2024; 117:82. [PMID: 38789815 DOI: 10.1007/s10482-024-01964-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 04/07/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024]
Abstract
This brief review aims to draw attention to the biotechnological potential of actinomycetes. Their main uses as sources of antibiotics and in agriculture would be enough not to neglect them; however, as we will see, their biotechnological application is much broader. Far from intending to exhaust this issue, we present a short survey of the research involving actinomycetes and their applications published in the last 23 years. We highlight a perspective for the discovery of new active ingredients or new applications for the known metabolites of these microorganisms that, for approximately 80 years, since the discovery of streptomycin, have been the main source of antibiotics. Based on the collected data, we organize the text to show how the cosmopolitanism of actinomycetes and the evolutionary biotic and abiotic ecological relationships of actinomycetes translate into the expression of metabolites in the environment and the richness of biosynthetic gene clusters, many of which remain silenced in traditional laboratory cultures. We also present the main strategies used in the twenty-first century to promote the expression of these silenced genes and obtain new secondary metabolites from known or new strains. Many of these metabolites have biological activities relevant to medicine, agriculture, and biotechnology industries, including candidates for new drugs or drug models against infectious and non-infectious diseases. Below, we present significant examples of the antimicrobial spectrum of actinomycetes, which is the most commonly investigated and best known, as well as their non-antimicrobial spectrum, which is becoming better known and increasingly explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafael de Souza Rodrigues
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biodiversidade e Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal do Amazonas, Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil.
- Central Analítica, Centro de Apoio Multidisciplinar, Universidade Federal do Amazonas, Av. General Rodrigo Octavio Jordão Ramos, 6200, Coroado I, Manaus, Amazonas, CEP 69.077-000, Brazil.
| | - Antonia Queiroz Lima de Souza
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biodiversidade e Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal do Amazonas, Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil
- Central Analítica, Centro de Apoio Multidisciplinar, Universidade Federal do Amazonas, Av. General Rodrigo Octavio Jordão Ramos, 6200, Coroado I, Manaus, Amazonas, CEP 69.077-000, Brazil
- Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias, Universidade Federal do Amazonas, Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil
| | | | | | - Anderson Nogueira Barbosa
- Central Analítica, Centro de Apoio Multidisciplinar, Universidade Federal do Amazonas, Av. General Rodrigo Octavio Jordão Ramos, 6200, Coroado I, Manaus, Amazonas, CEP 69.077-000, Brazil
| | - Sarah Raquel Silveira da Silva Santiago
- Central Analítica, Centro de Apoio Multidisciplinar, Universidade Federal do Amazonas, Av. General Rodrigo Octavio Jordão Ramos, 6200, Coroado I, Manaus, Amazonas, CEP 69.077-000, Brazil
| | - Afonso Duarte Leão de Souza
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biodiversidade e Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal do Amazonas, Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil
- Central Analítica, Centro de Apoio Multidisciplinar, Universidade Federal do Amazonas, Av. General Rodrigo Octavio Jordão Ramos, 6200, Coroado I, Manaus, Amazonas, CEP 69.077-000, Brazil
- Departamento de Química, Instituto de Ciências Exatas, Universidade Federal do Amazonas, Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil
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Zhao C, Onyino J, Gao X. Current Advances in the Functional Diversity and Mechanisms Underlying Endophyte-Plant Interactions. Microorganisms 2024; 12:779. [PMID: 38674723 PMCID: PMC11052469 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms12040779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2024] [Revised: 04/06/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Plant phenotype is a complex entity largely controlled by the genotype and various environmental factors. Importantly, co-evolution has allowed plants to coexist with the biotic factors in their surroundings. Recently, plant endophytes as an external plant phenotype, forming part of the complex plethora of the plant microbial assemblage, have gained immense attention from plant scientists. Functionally, endophytes impact the plant in many ways, including increasing nutrient availability, enhancing the ability of plants to cope with both abiotic and biotic stress, and enhancing the accumulation of important plant secondary metabolites. The current state of research has been devoted to evaluating the phenotypic impacts of endophytes on host plants, including their direct influence on plant metabolite accumulation and stress response. However, there is a knowledge gap in how genetic factors influence the interaction of endophytes with host plants, pathogens, and other plant microbial communities, eventually controlling the extended microbial plant phenotype. This review will summarize how host genetic factors can impact the abundance and functional diversity of the endophytic microbial community, how endophytes influence host gene expression, and the host-endophyte-pathogen disease triangle. This information will provide novel insights into how breeders could specifically target the plant-endophyte extended phenotype for crop improvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caihong Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics & Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; (C.Z.); (J.O.)
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop Production Co-Sponsored by Province and Ministry, Nanjing 210095, China
- College of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Johnmark Onyino
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics & Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; (C.Z.); (J.O.)
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop Production Co-Sponsored by Province and Ministry, Nanjing 210095, China
- College of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Xiquan Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics & Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; (C.Z.); (J.O.)
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop Production Co-Sponsored by Province and Ministry, Nanjing 210095, China
- College of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
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Agunbiade VF, Babalola OO. Drought Stress Amelioration Attributes of Plant-Associated Microbiome on Agricultural Plants. Bioinform Biol Insights 2024; 18:11779322241233442. [PMID: 38464334 PMCID: PMC10924568 DOI: 10.1177/11779322241233442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/12/2024] Open
Abstract
The future global food security depends on the availability of water for agriculture. Yet, the ongoing rise in nonagricultural uses for water, such as urban and industrial uses, and growing environmental quality concerns have increased pressure of irrigation water demand and posed danger to food security. Nevertheless, its severity and duration are predicted to rise shortly. Drought pressure causes stunted growth, severe damage to photosynthesis activity, loss in crop yield, reduced seed germination, and reduced nutrient intake by plants. To overcome the effects of a devastating drought on plants, it is essential to think about the causes, mechanisms of action, and long-term agronomy management and genetics. As a result, there is an urgent need for long-term medication to deal with the harmful effects of drought pressure. The review focuses on the adverse impact of drought on the plant, physiological, and biochemical aspects, and management measures to control the severity of drought conditions. This article reviews the role of genome editing (GE) technologies such as CRISPR 9 (CRISPR-Cas9) related spaces and short palindromic relapse between proteins in reducing the effects of phytohormones, osmolytes, external compounds, proteins, microbes (plant growth-promoting microorganism [PGPM]), approach omics, and drought on plants that support plant growth. This research is to examine the potential of using the microbiome associated with plants for drought resistance and sustainable agriculture. Researchers also advocate using a mix of biotechnology, agronomic, and advanced GE technologies to create drought-tolerant plant varieties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victor Funso Agunbiade
- Food Security and Safety Focus Area, Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, North-West University, Mmabatho, South Africa
| | - Olubukola Oluranti Babalola
- Food Security and Safety Focus Area, Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, North-West University, Mmabatho, South Africa
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Liang X, Wan D, Tan L, Liu H. Dynamic changes of endophytic bacteria in the bark and leaves of medicinal plant Eucommia ulmoides in different seasons. Microbiol Res 2024; 280:127567. [PMID: 38103467 DOI: 10.1016/j.micres.2023.127567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2023] [Revised: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
The bark and leaves of the Eucommia ulmoides Oliv. (E. ulmoides) have good medicinal value. Studies show endophytes play important roles in host medicinal plant secondary metabolite synthesis, with season being a key influencing factor. Therefore, we used 16 S rRNA to detect endophytic bacteria (EB) in E. ulmoides bark and leaves collected in winter, spring, summer, and autumn, and analyzed the contents of major active components respectively. The results showed that the species diversity and richness of EB of the E. ulmoides bark were higher than those of leaves in all seasons except fall. Among them, the higher species diversity and richness were found in the E. ulmoides bark in winter and spring. EB community structure differed significantly between medicinal tissues and seasons. Concurrently, the bark and leaves of E. ulmoides showed abundant characteristic EB across seasons. For active components, geniposidic acid showed a significant positive correlation with EB diversity and richness, while the opposite was true for aucubin. Additionally, some dominant EB exhibited close correlations with the accumulation of active components. Delftia, enriched in autumn, correlated significantly positively with aucubin. Notably, the impact of the same EB genera on active components differed across medicinal tissues. For example, Sphingomonas, enriched in summer, correlated significantly positively with pinoresinol diglucoside (PDG) in the bark, but with aucubin in the leaves. In summary, EB of E. ulmoides was demonstrated high seasonal dynamics and tissue specificity, with seasonal characteristic EB like Delftia and Sphingomonas correlating with the accumulation of active components in medicinal tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuejuan Liang
- Institute of Innovative Traditional Chinese Medications, Hunan Academy of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410013, China
| | - Dan Wan
- Institute of Innovative Traditional Chinese Medications, Hunan Academy of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410013, China
| | - Lei Tan
- Cili Meteorological Bureau, Zhangjiajie 410013, China
| | - Hao Liu
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine Resources, Hunan Academy of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410013, China.
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Emitaro WO, Kawaka F, Musyimi DM, Adienge A. Diversity of endophytic bacteria isolated from leguminous agroforestry trees in western Kenya. AMB Express 2024; 14:18. [PMID: 38329624 PMCID: PMC10853127 DOI: 10.1186/s13568-024-01676-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2022] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 02/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Plants have diverse and vast niches colonized by endophytic microorganisms that promote the wellbeing of host plant. These microbes inhabit internal plant tissues with no signs of ill health. Bacterial endophytes from many plants have been isolated and characterized due to their beneficial roles however their diversity in leguminous plants still remain unexploited. Diversity of bacterial endophytes isolated from Sesbania sesban, Leucaena diversifolia and Calliandra calothyrsus was assessed using morphological and molecular characteristics. A total of 27 pure isolates were recovered from C. Calothyrsus, L. diversifolia and S. sesban constituting 44.4%, 33.3% and 22.2% from the leaves, stems and roots respectively. The isolates differentiated into Gram positive and negative with rods and spherical shapes. Analysis of 16S rRNA gene sequences revealed 8 closely related bacterial genera that consisted of Bacillus (33.3%), Staphylococcus (22.2%), Alcaligens (11.1%), Pantoea (11.1%), Xanthomonas,and Sphingomonas (7.4%) each. Others included Acinetobacter, and Pseudomonas at 3.7% each. Bacterial endophytes of genus bacillus were isolated from all the three plants. These results indicate the presence of high diversity of endophytic bacteria associated with the different parts of L. diversifolia, S. sesban and C. salothyrsus growing in western Kenya.
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Affiliation(s)
- William Omuketi Emitaro
- Department of Biological Sciences, Jaramogi Oginga Odinga University of Science and Technology, 210, Bondo, 40601, Kenya.
| | - Fanuel Kawaka
- Department of Biological Sciences, Jaramogi Oginga Odinga University of Science and Technology, 210, Bondo, 40601, Kenya
| | | | - Asenath Adienge
- Department of Biotechnology, Kenya Forestry Research Institute, 20412-00200, Nairobi, Kenya
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Kumari P, Deepa N, Trivedi PK, Singh BK, Srivastava V, Singh A. Plants and endophytes interaction: a "secret wedlock" for sustainable biosynthesis of pharmaceutically important secondary metabolites. Microb Cell Fact 2023; 22:226. [PMID: 37925404 PMCID: PMC10625306 DOI: 10.1186/s12934-023-02234-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 10/19/2023] [Indexed: 11/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Many plants possess immense pharmacological properties because of the presence of various therapeutic bioactive secondary metabolites that are of great importance in many pharmaceutical industries. Therefore, to strike a balance between meeting industry demands and conserving natural habitats, medicinal plants are being cultivated on a large scale. However, to enhance the yield and simultaneously manage the various pest infestations, agrochemicals are being routinely used that have a detrimental impact on the whole ecosystem, ranging from biodiversity loss to water pollution, soil degradation, nutrient imbalance and enormous health hazards to both consumers and agricultural workers. To address the challenges, biological eco-friendly alternatives are being looked upon with high hopes where endophytes pitch in as key players due to their tight association with the host plants. The intricate interplay between plants and endophytic microorganisms has emerged as a captivating subject of scientific investigation, with profound implications for the sustainable biosynthesis of pharmaceutically important secondary metabolites. This review delves into the hidden world of the "secret wedlock" between plants and endophytes, elucidating their multifaceted interactions that underpin the synthesis of bioactive compounds with medicinal significance in their plant hosts. Here, we briefly review endophytic diversity association with medicinal plants and highlight the potential role of core endomicrobiome. We also propose that successful implementation of in situ microbiome manipulation through high-end techniques can pave the way towards a more sustainable and pharmaceutically enriched future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Poonam Kumari
- Division of Crop Production and Protection, Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow, 226015, India
| | - Nikky Deepa
- Division of Crop Production and Protection, Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow, 226015, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
| | - Prabodh Kumar Trivedi
- Division of Plant Biotechnology, Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow, 226015, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
| | - Brajesh K Singh
- Hawkesbury Institute for the Environment, Western Sydney University, Penrith, NSW, 2753, Australia
- Global Centre for Land-Based Innovation, Western Sydney University, Penrith, NSW, 2751, Australia
| | - Vaibhav Srivastava
- Division of Glycoscience, Department of Chemistry, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, AlbaNova University Center, 106 91, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Akanksha Singh
- Division of Crop Production and Protection, Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow, 226015, India.
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India.
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Anand U, Pal T, Yadav N, Singh VK, Tripathi V, Choudhary KK, Shukla AK, Sunita K, Kumar A, Bontempi E, Ma Y, Kolton M, Singh AK. Current Scenario and Future Prospects of Endophytic Microbes: Promising Candidates for Abiotic and Biotic Stress Management for Agricultural and Environmental Sustainability. MICROBIAL ECOLOGY 2023; 86:1455-1486. [PMID: 36917283 PMCID: PMC10497456 DOI: 10.1007/s00248-023-02190-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2022] [Accepted: 02/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Globally, substantial research into endophytic microbes is being conducted to increase agricultural and environmental sustainability. Endophytic microbes such as bacteria, actinomycetes, and fungi inhabit ubiquitously within the tissues of all plant species without causing any harm or disease. Endophytes form symbiotic relationships with diverse plant species and can regulate numerous host functions, including resistance to abiotic and biotic stresses, growth and development, and stimulating immune systems. Moreover, plant endophytes play a dominant role in nutrient cycling, biodegradation, and bioremediation, and are widely used in many industries. Endophytes have a stronger predisposition for enhancing mineral and metal solubility by cells through the secretion of organic acids with low molecular weight and metal-specific ligands (such as siderophores) that alter soil pH and boost binding activity. Finally, endophytes synthesize various bioactive compounds with high competence that are promising candidates for new drugs, antibiotics, and medicines. Bioprospecting of endophytic novel secondary metabolites has given momentum to sustainable agriculture for combating environmental stresses. Biotechnological interventions with the aid of endophytes played a pivotal role in crop improvement to mitigate biotic and abiotic stress conditions like drought, salinity, xenobiotic compounds, and heavy metals. Identification of putative genes from endophytes conferring resistance and tolerance to crop diseases, apart from those involved in the accumulation and degradation of contaminants, could open new avenues in agricultural research and development. Furthermore, a detailed molecular and biochemical understanding of endophyte entry and colonization strategy in the host would better help in manipulating crop productivity under changing climatic conditions. Therefore, the present review highlights current research trends based on the SCOPUS database, potential biotechnological interventions of endophytic microorganisms in combating environmental stresses influencing crop productivity, future opportunities of endophytes in improving plant stress tolerance, and their contribution to sustainable remediation of hazardous environmental contaminants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Uttpal Anand
- Zuckerberg Institute for Water Research, The Jacob Blaustein Institutes for Desert Research, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Sede Boqer Campus, 8499000, Midreshet Ben-Gurion, Israel.
| | - Tarun Pal
- Zuckerberg Institute for Water Research, The Jacob Blaustein Institutes for Desert Research, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Sede Boqer Campus, 8499000, Midreshet Ben-Gurion, Israel
| | - Niraj Yadav
- French Associates Institute for Agriculture and Biotechnology of Drylands, The Jacob Blaustein Institutes for Desert Research, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Sde Boker Campus, 8499000, Midreshet Ben-Gurion, Israel
| | - Vipin Kumar Singh
- Department of Botany, K.S. Saket P.G. College, Ayodhya affiliated to Dr. Rammanohar Lohia Avadh University, Ayodhya, 224123, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Vijay Tripathi
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Engineering, Jacob Institute of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Sam Higginbottom University of Agriculture, Technology and Sciences, Prayagraj, 211007, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Krishna Kumar Choudhary
- Department of Botany, Mahila Mahavidyalaya, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Awadhesh Kumar Shukla
- Department of Botany, K.S. Saket P.G. College, Ayodhya affiliated to Dr. Rammanohar Lohia Avadh University, Ayodhya, 224123, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Kumari Sunita
- Department of Botany, Deen Dayal Upadhyay Gorakhpur University, Gorakhpur, Uttar Pradesh, 273009, India
| | - Ajay Kumar
- Department of Postharvest Science, Agricultural Research Organization, The Volcani Center, P.O. Box 15159, 7505101, Rishon, Lezion, Israel
| | - Elza Bontempi
- INSTM and Chemistry for Technologies Laboratory, University of Brescia, Via Branze 38, 25123, Brescia, Italy.
| | - Ying Ma
- Centre for Functional Ecology, Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, Calçada Martim de Freitas, 3000-456, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Max Kolton
- French Associates Institute for Agriculture and Biotechnology of Drylands, The Jacob Blaustein Institutes for Desert Research, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Sde Boker Campus, 8499000, Midreshet Ben-Gurion, Israel
| | - Amit Kishore Singh
- Department of Botany, Bhagalpur National College (A constituent unit of Tilka Manjhi Bhagalpur University), Bhagalpur, 812007, Bihar, India.
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Lacson MLB, Arbotante CA, Magdayao MJTE, Bundalian RD, Anas ARJ. Ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem high-resolution elevated mass spectrometry profiling of anti-methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus metabolites from the endophytic bacteria collected from the weeds of a previous dumpsite. J Chromatogr A 2023; 1706:464228. [PMID: 37556933 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2023.464228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Revised: 07/08/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 08/11/2023]
Abstract
The culturable endophytic bacteria from the weeds Cleome rutidosperma of the family Cleomaceae and Digitaria sanguinalis of the family Poaceae obtained from a previous dumpsite in Pampanga, Philippines have been assessed for their anti-methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) activity, and the analytes with such activity should be identified. However, due to the limited amounts collected from the isolation process, 1.8 mg yield of compound 1 from the endophyte of C. rutidosperma and 1.2 mg of a mixture from the endophyte of D. sanguinalis were selected for LC-MSE analysis. The production of compounds from the culturable endophytic bacteria Pseudomonas aeruginosa- determined by gene-sequencing, an untargeted and data-independent analysis (DIA) by ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-high resolution-elevated energy mass spectrometry (UHPLC-HR-MSE) technique was employed to profile the metabolites present in the two high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) fractions. The analytes present from P. aeruginosa detected by UHPLC-HR-MSE isolated from C. rutidosperma was phenazine-1-carboxylic acid (1), and for D. sanguinalis were chamigrenal (2), dialkyl resorcinol (3), and a pyoverdine elicitor (4). This study proves that UHPLC-HR-MSE could identify the anti-MRSA constituents in P. aeruginosa from commensal weeds C. rutidosperma and D. sanguinalis. The UHPLC-HR-MSE could help strengthen metabolomics antibacterial research and its related applications from a future perspective. Application of metabolomics research using UHPLC-HR-MSE could enhance the rehabilitation of dumpsites by the microbial community present.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mona Lisa B Lacson
- Center for Advanced Research and Innovation, Office of the Vice President for Research and Innovation, Angeles University Foundation, Pampanga 2009 Philippines; College of Allied Medical Professions, Angeles University Foundation, Pampanga 2009 Philippines.
| | - Carolyn A Arbotante
- College of Arts and Sciences, Angeles University Foundation, Pampanga 2009 Philippines
| | - Ma Jamaica Trexy E Magdayao
- Applied Chemistry Laboratory Regional Research Center, University of the Philippines Visayas, Miag-ao, Iloilo 5023 Philippines
| | - Reynaldo Dl Bundalian
- Center for Advanced Research and Innovation, Office of the Vice President for Research and Innovation, Angeles University Foundation, Pampanga 2009 Philippines.
| | - Andrea Roxanne J Anas
- Department of Brain Function, Division of Stress Adaptation and Protection, Research Institute of Environmental Medicine, Nagoya University, Chikusa-Ku, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan; Department of Molecular Pharmacokinetics, Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medicine Nagoya University, Chikusa-Ku, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan.
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Tsipinana S, Husseiny S, Alayande KA, Raslan M, Amoo S, Adeleke R. Contribution of endophytes towards improving plant bioactive metabolites: a rescue option against red-taping of medicinal plants. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1248319. [PMID: 37771494 PMCID: PMC10522919 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1248319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Accepted: 08/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/30/2023]
Abstract
Medicinal plants remain a valuable source for natural drug bioprospecting owing to their multi-target spectrum. However, their use as raw materials for novel drug synthesis has been greatly limited by unsustainable harvesting leading to decimation of their wild populations coupled with inherent low concentrations of constituent secondary metabolites per unit mass. Thus, adding value to the medicinal plants research dynamics calls for adequate attention. In light of this, medicinal plants harbour endophytes which are believed to be contributing towards the host plant survival and bioactive metabolites through series of physiological interference. Stimulating secondary metabolite production in medicinal plants by using endophytes as plant growth regulators has been demonstrated to be one of the most effective methods for increasing metabolite syntheses. Use of endophytes as plant growth promotors could help to ensure continuous supply of medicinal plants, and mitigate issues with fear of extinction. Endophytes minimize heavy metal toxicity in medicinal plants. It has been hypothesized that when medicinal plants are exposed to harsh conditions, associated endophytes are the primary signalling channels that induce defensive reactions. Endophytes go through different biochemical processes which lead to activation of defence mechanisms in the host plants. Thus, through signal transduction pathways, endophytic microorganisms influence genes involved in the generation of secondary metabolites by plant cells. Additionally, elucidating the role of gene clusters in production of secondary metabolites could expose factors associated with low secondary metabolites by medicinal plants. Promising endophyte strains can be manipulated for enhanced production of metabolites, hence, better probability of novel bioactive metabolites through strain improvement, mutagenesis, co-cultivation, and media adjustment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sinawo Tsipinana
- Unit for Environmental Sciences and Management, North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa
| | - Samah Husseiny
- Department of Biotechnology and Life Sciences, Faculty of Postgraduate Studies for Advanced Sciences, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt
| | - Kazeem A. Alayande
- Unit for Environmental Sciences and Management, North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa
| | - Mai Raslan
- Department of Biotechnology and Life Sciences, Faculty of Postgraduate Studies for Advanced Sciences, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt
| | - Stephen Amoo
- Unit for Environmental Sciences and Management, North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa
- Agricultural Research Council – Vegetables, Industrial and Medicinal Plants, Roodeplaat, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Rasheed Adeleke
- Unit for Environmental Sciences and Management, North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa
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11
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Oloumi H, Khaleghi M, Dalvand A. Isolation and identification of endophytic actinobacteria from Iris persica and Echium amoenum plants and investigation of their effects on germination and growth of wheat plant. Food Sci Nutr 2023; 11:5296-5303. [PMID: 37701213 PMCID: PMC10494643 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.3488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Revised: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 09/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Plant biotechnology helps to develop different types of new products with increased resistance to disease, greater tolerance to drought and salt stress, and better nutritional value. The interaction of plants and microorganisms will play a significant role to achieve this purpose. The aims of this study were to isolate endophyte Actinobacteria strains of some medicinal plants and the investigation of their bioactive potential. 15 Actinobacteria strains were selectively isolated from Persian iris and Echium amoenum plants, and then their belonging to Actinobacteria phylum was confirmed using an Actinobacteria-specific primer pair. The antioxidant activity of the crude extract obtained from the isolated strains was investigated based on DPPH method. Investigating the antioxidant activity of the crude extract showed that at a concentration of 100 μg/mL, the two strains EG1 and EG2 had 71% and 78% antioxidant activity, respectively. According to the phylogeny studies, it was determined that two strains belonged to the Streptomyces genus. The effect of supernatant achieved from selected endophytic strain on 35-day wheat plants showed that the supernatant considerably promotes root and shoot growth and chlorophyll content under salinity stress (150 mM NaCl). In general, it can be concluded strains that live symbiotically with medicinal plants are rich sources of bioactive compounds. Therefore, identification of the bioactive compounds in the extract of isolated Actinobacteria from medicinal plants and further studies on their metabolism are suggested.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hakimeh Oloumi
- Department of Ecology, Institute of Science and High Technology and Environmental SciencesGraduate University of Advanced TechnologyKermanIran
| | - Moj Khaleghi
- Department of Biology, Faculty of SciencesShahid Bahonar University of KermanKermanIran
| | - Ava Dalvand
- Department of Biology, Faculty of SciencesShahid Bahonar University of KermanKermanIran
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12
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Kashyap S, Sharma I, Dowarah B, Barman R, Gill SS, Agarwala N. Plant and soil-associated microbiome dynamics determine the fate of bacterial wilt pathogen Ralstonia solanacearum. PLANTA 2023; 258:57. [PMID: 37524889 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-023-04209-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 08/02/2023]
Abstract
MAIN CONCLUSION Plant and the soil-associated microbiome is important for imparting bacterial wilt disease tolerance in plants. Plants are versatile organisms that are endowed with the capacity to withstand various biotic and abiotic stresses despite having no locomotory abilities. Being the agent for bacterial wilt (BW) disease, Ralstonia solanacearum (RS) colonizes the xylem vessels and limits the water supply to various plant parts, thereby causing wilting. The havoc caused by RS leads to heavy losses in crop productivity around the world, for which a sustainable mitigation strategy is urgently needed. As several factors can influence plant-microbe interactions, comprehensive understanding of plant and soil-associated microbiome under the influence of RS and various environmental/edaphic conditions is important to control this pathogen. This review mainly focuses on microbiome dynamics associated with BW disease and also provide update on microbial/non-microbial approaches employed to control BW disease in crop plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sampurna Kashyap
- Department of Botany, Gauhati University, Gopinath Bordoloi Nagar, Jalukbari, Guwahati, Assam, 781014, India
| | - Indrani Sharma
- Department of Botany, Gauhati University, Gopinath Bordoloi Nagar, Jalukbari, Guwahati, Assam, 781014, India
| | - Bhaskar Dowarah
- Department of Botany, Bahona College, Bahona, Jorhat, Assam, 785101, India
| | - Ramen Barman
- Department of Botany, Gauhati University, Gopinath Bordoloi Nagar, Jalukbari, Guwahati, Assam, 781014, India
| | - Sarvajeet Singh Gill
- Centre for Biotechnology, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, Haryana, 124001, India.
| | - Niraj Agarwala
- Department of Botany, Gauhati University, Gopinath Bordoloi Nagar, Jalukbari, Guwahati, Assam, 781014, India.
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13
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Prodhan MY, Rahman MB, Rahman A, Akbor MA, Ghosh S, Nahar MNEN, Simo, Shamsuzzoha M, Cho KM, Haque MA. Characterization of Growth-Promoting Activities of Consortia of Chlorpyrifos Mineralizing Endophytic Bacteria Naturally Harboring in Rice Plants-A Potential Bio-Stimulant to Develop a Safe and Sustainable Agriculture. Microorganisms 2023; 11:1821. [PMID: 37512993 PMCID: PMC10385066 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11071821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Revised: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Eighteen pesticide-degrading endophytic bacteria were isolated from the roots, stems, and leaves of healthy rice plants and identified through 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Furthermore, biochemical properties, including enzyme production, dye degradation, anti-bacterial activities, plant-growth-promoting traits, including N-fixation, P-solubilization, auxin production, and ACC-deaminase activities of these naturally occurring endophytic bacteria along with their four consortia, were characterized. Enterobacter cloacae HSTU-ABk39 and Enterobacter sp. HSTU-ABk36 displayed inhibition zones of 41.5 ± 1.5 mm, and 29 ± 09 mm against multidrug-resistant human pathogenic bacteria Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis, respectively. FT-IR analysis revealed that all eighteen isolates were able to degrade chlorpyrifos pesticide. Our study confirms that pesticide-degrading endophytic bacteria from rice plants play a key role in enhancing plant growth. Notably, rice plants grown in pots containing reduced urea (30%) mixed with either endophytic bacterial consortium-1, consortium-2, consortium-3, or consortia-4 demonstrated an increase of 17.3%, 38.6%, 18.2%, and 39.1% yields, respectively, compared to the control plants grown in pots containing 100% fertilizer. GC-MS/MS analysis confirmed that consortia treatment caused the degradation of chlorpyrifos into different non-toxic metabolites, including 2-Hydroxy-3,5,6 trichloropyridine, Diethyl methane phosphonate, Phorate sulfoxide, and Carbonochloridic. Thus, these isolates could be deployed as bio-stimulants to improve crop production by creating a sustainable biological system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Yeasin Prodhan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Hajee Mohammad Danesh Science and Technology University, Dinajpur 5200, Bangladesh
| | - Md Bokhtiar Rahman
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Hajee Mohammad Danesh Science and Technology University, Dinajpur 5200, Bangladesh
| | - Aminur Rahman
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia
| | - Md Ahedul Akbor
- Institute of National Analytical Research and Services (INARS), Bangladesh Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (BCSIR), Dhaka 1205, Bangladesh
| | - Sibdas Ghosh
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, Carlow University, 3333 Fifth Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Mst Nur-E-Nazmun Nahar
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Hajee Mohammad Danesh Science and Technology University, Dinajpur 5200, Bangladesh
| | - Simo
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Hajee Mohammad Danesh Science and Technology University, Dinajpur 5200, Bangladesh
| | - Md Shamsuzzoha
- Department of Chemistry, Hajee Mohammad Danesh Science and Technology University, Dinajpur 5200, Bangladesh
| | - Kye Man Cho
- Department of Green Bio Science and Agri-Food Bio Convergence Institute, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52725, Republic of Korea
| | - Md Azizul Haque
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Hajee Mohammad Danesh Science and Technology University, Dinajpur 5200, Bangladesh
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Fan L, Wang J, Leng F, Li S, Ma X, Wang X, Wang Y. Effects of time-space conversion on microflora structure, secondary metabolites composition and antioxidant capacity of Codonopsis pilosula root. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2023; 198:107659. [PMID: 37031545 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2023.107659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Revised: 03/05/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
In order to study the relationship between medicinal plant Codonopsis pilosula phenotype, secondary metabolites, antioxidant capacity and its rhizosphere soil nutrients, root-related microorganisms under seasonal and geographical changes, high-throughput sequencing technology was used to explore the bacterial community structure and variation in rhizosphere soil and root endosphere from six regions of Dingxi City, Gansu Province during four seasons. Secondary metabolites composition and antioxidant capacities of C. pilosula root collected successively from four seasons were determined. The chemical properties, nutrient content and enzyme activities of rhizosphere of C. pilosula were significantly different under different temporal and spatial conditions. All soil samples were alkaline (pH 7.64-8.42), with water content ranging from 9.53% to 19.95%, and electrical conductivity varied widely, showing obvious time-scale effects. Different time scales were the main reasons for the diversity and structure of rhizosphere bacterial community of C. pilosula. The diversity and richness of rhizosphere bacterial community in autumn and winter were higher than those in spring and summer, and bacterial community structure in spring and summer was more similar to that in autumn and winter. The root length and diameter of C. pilosula showed significant time gradient difference under different spatiotemporal conditions. Nutrition and niche competition lead to significant synergistic or antagonistic interactions between rhizosphere bacteria and endophytic bacteria, which invisibly affect soil properties, abundance of functional bacteria and even yield and quality of C. pilosula. Soil properties, rhizosphere bacteria and endophytic bacteria directly promoted root phenotype, stress resistance and polysaccharide accumulation of C. pilosula.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lili Fan
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou, 730050, China
| | - Jiangqin Wang
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou, 730050, China
| | - Feifan Leng
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou, 730050, China
| | - Shaowei Li
- Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Xiang Ma
- Qinghai University (Qinghai Academy of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine), Xining, 810016, China
| | - Xiaoli Wang
- Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, 730050, China
| | - Yonggang Wang
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou, 730050, China.
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15
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Abdelsattar AM, Elsayed A, El-Esawi MA, Heikal YM. Enhancing Stevia rebaudiana growth and yield through exploring beneficial plant-microbe interactions and their impact on the underlying mechanisms and crop sustainability. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2023; 198:107673. [PMID: 37030249 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2023.107673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2022] [Revised: 03/22/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Stevia rebaudiana is an important medicinal plant which represents the most important sugar substitute in many countries. Poor seed germination of this plant is a critical problem that affects the final yield and the availability of the products in the market. Continuous cropping without supplying soil nutrients is also a serious issue as it results in declining soil fertility. This review highlights the important use of beneficial bacteria for the enhancement of Stevia rebaudiana growth and its dynamic interactions in the phyllosphere, rhizosphere, and endosphere. Fertilizers can increase crop yield and preserve and improve soil fertility. There is a rising concern that prolonged usage of chemical fertilizers may have negative impacts on the ecosystem of the soil. On the other hand, soil health and fertility are improved by plant growth-promoting bacteria which could eventually increase plant growth and productivity. Accordingly, a biocompatible strategy involving beneficial microorganisms inoculation is applied to boost plant growth and reduce the negative effects of chemical fertilizers. Plants benefit extensively from endophytic bacteria, which promote growth and induce resistance to pathogens and stresses. Additionally, several plant growth-promoting bacteria are able to produce amino acids, polyamines, and hormones that can be used as alternatives to chemicals. Therefore, understanding the dynamic interactions between bacteria and Stevia can help make the favorable bacterial bio-formulations, use them more effectively, and apply them to Stevia to improve yield and quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amal M Abdelsattar
- Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, 35516, Mansoura, Egypt.
| | - Ashraf Elsayed
- Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, 35516, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Mohamed A El-Esawi
- Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, 31527, Tanta, Egypt; Photobiology Research Group, Sorbonne Université CNRS, 75005, Paris, France
| | - Yasmin M Heikal
- Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, 35516, Mansoura, Egypt
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16
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Zou L, Wang Q, Wu R, Zhang Y, Wu Q, Xiong W, Ye K, Dai W, Huang J. Root endophytic bacterial community composition of Aconitum carmichaelii debx. from three main producing areas in China. J Basic Microbiol 2023; 63:454-468. [PMID: 36504130 DOI: 10.1002/jobm.202200282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2022] [Revised: 10/13/2022] [Accepted: 11/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Aconitum carmichaelii Debx. is famous for the bioactive aconitum alkaloids as traditional Chinese medicine. Endophytic bacteria play vital roles in plant growth, health, and the production of secondary metabolites such as alkaloids. In this study, we employed 16 S rRNA amplicon high-throughput sequencing to determine the root endophytic bacterial community of A. carmichaelii Debx. collected from three main producing areas including the geo-authentic area in China, high performance liquid chromatography to measure the contents of six bioactive alkaloids and correlation analysis to explore the relationship among environmental factors, alkaloids contents, and endophytic bacterial community. The results indicated that the root core microbiota of A. carmichaelii Debx. was dominated by Proteobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Firmicutes, and Actinobacteria. Root endophytic bacterial community in the geo-authentic area was distinct from the other two regions. Soil nitrogen contents, organic matter, and temperature were the main factors contributing to the endophytic bacterial community structure. Significant correlation was found between alkaloids contents and some bacterial genera. Particularly, the abundance of Lactobacillus was positively correlated with the contents of benzoyl-mesaconitine and benzoyl-aconine. This study provided the first insight into the root endophytic bacterial community composition of A. carmichaelii Debx., and can direct further isolation of functional bacterial strains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lan Zou
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, China
| | - Qian Wang
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, China
| | - Rongxing Wu
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, China
| | - Yaopeng Zhang
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, China
| | - Qingshan Wu
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, China
| | - Wei Xiong
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, China
| | - Kunhao Ye
- Mianyang Academy of Agricultural Science, Mianyang, China
| | - Wei Dai
- Mianyang Academy of Agricultural Science, Mianyang, China
| | - Jing Huang
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, China
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17
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Azar N, Liarzi O, Zavitan M, Samara M, Nasser A, Ezra D. Endophytic Penicillium species secretes mycophenolic acid that inhibits the growth of phytopathogenic fungi. Microb Biotechnol 2023. [PMID: 36700385 PMCID: PMC10364310 DOI: 10.1111/1751-7915.14203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2022] [Revised: 11/28/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The worldwide demand for reduced and restricted use of pesticides in agriculture due to serious environmental effects, health risks and the development of pathogen resistance calls for the discovery of new bioactive compounds. In the medical field, antibiotic-resistant microorganisms have become a major threat to man, increasing mortality. Endophytes are endosymbiotic microorganisms that inhabit plant tissues without causing any visible damage to their host. Many endophytes secrete secondary metabolites with biological activity against a broad range of pathogens, making them potential candidates for novel drugs and alternative pesticides of natural origin. We isolated endophytes from wild plants in Israel, focusing on endophytes that secrete secondary metabolites with biological activity. We isolated 302 different endophytes from 30 different wild plants; 70 of them exhibited biological activity against phytopathogens. One biologically active fungal endophyte from the genus Penicillium, isolated from a squill (Urginea maritima) leaf, was further examined. Chloroform-based extraction of its growth medium was similarly active against phytopathogens. High-performance liquid chromatography separation followed by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry analysis revealed a single compound-mycophenolic acid-as the main contributor to the biological activity of the organic extract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neri Azar
- Department of Plant Pathology and Weed Research, ARO - the Volcani Center, Rishon LeZion, Israel
| | - Orna Liarzi
- Department of Plant Pathology and Weed Research, ARO - the Volcani Center, Rishon LeZion, Israel
| | - Maor Zavitan
- Department of Plant Pathology and Weed Research, ARO - the Volcani Center, Rishon LeZion, Israel
| | - Mohamed Samara
- Institute of Soils, Water and Environmental Sciences, ARO - the Volcani Center, Rishon LeZion, Israel
| | - Ahmed Nasser
- Institute of Soils, Water and Environmental Sciences, ARO - the Volcani Center, Rishon LeZion, Israel
| | - David Ezra
- Department of Plant Pathology and Weed Research, ARO - the Volcani Center, Rishon LeZion, Israel
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18
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Seeds of Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni as a Source of Plant Growth-Promoting Endophytic Bacteria with the Potential to Synthesize Rebaudioside A. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24032174. [PMID: 36768498 PMCID: PMC9917351 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24032174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Revised: 01/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
In this study, a new strain of Pantoea vagans, SRS89, was isolated from surface-sterilized stevia seeds. The isolate was evaluated using morphological, molecular, and biochemical methods. The bacterium was 1.5 μm long, yellowish in color, and classified as Gram-negative. Whole genome sequencing of our strain revealed the presence of a 4,610,019 bp chromosome, and genome annotation resulted in the detection of 4283 genes encoding 4204 putative coding sequences. Phylogenic analysis classified the genome of our strain close to the MP7 and LMG 24199 strains of P. vagans. Functional analysis showed that the highest number of genes within the analyzed bacterium genome were involved in transcription, amino acid transport and metabolism, and carbohydrate transport and metabolism. We also identified genes for enzymes involved in the biosynthesis of carotenoids and terpenoids. Furthermore, we showed the presence of growth regulators, with the highest amount noted for gibberellic acid A3, indole-3-acetic acid, and benzoic acid. However, the most promising property of this strain is its ability to synthesize rebaudioside A; the estimated amount quantified using reversed-phase (RP)-HPLC was 4.39 mg/g of the dry weight of the bacteria culture. The isolated endophytic bacterium may be an interesting new approach to the production of this valuable metabolite.
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Shahid M, Singh UB, Khan MS, Singh P, Kumar R, Singh RN, Kumar A, Singh HV. Bacterial ACC deaminase: Insights into enzymology, biochemistry, genetics, and potential role in amelioration of environmental stress in crop plants. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1132770. [PMID: 37180266 PMCID: PMC10174264 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1132770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2022] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 05/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Growth and productivity of crop plants worldwide are often adversely affected by anthropogenic and natural stresses. Both biotic and abiotic stresses may impact future food security and sustainability; global climate change will only exacerbate the threat. Nearly all stresses induce ethylene production in plants, which is detrimental to their growth and survival when present at higher concentrations. Consequently, management of ethylene production in plants is becoming an attractive option for countering the stress hormone and its effect on crop yield and productivity. In plants, ACC (1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate) serves as a precursor for ethylene production. Soil microorganisms and root-associated plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) that possess ACC deaminase activity regulate growth and development of plants under harsh environmental conditions by limiting ethylene levels in plants; this enzyme is, therefore, often designated as a "stress modulator." TheACC deaminase enzyme, encoded by the AcdS gene, is tightly controlled and regulated depending upon environmental conditions. Gene regulatory components of AcdS are made up of the LRP protein-coding regulatory gene and other regulatory components that are activated via distinct mechanisms under aerobic and anaerobic conditions. ACC deaminase-positive PGPR strains can intensively promote growth and development of crops being cultivated under abiotic stresses including salt stress, water deficit, waterlogging, temperature extremes, and presence of heavy metals, pesticides and other organic contaminants. Strategies for combating environmental stresses in plants, and improving growth by introducing the acdS gene into crop plants via bacteria, have been investigated. In the recent past, some rapid methods and cutting-edge technologies based on molecular biotechnology and omics approaches involving proteomics, transcriptomics, metagenomics, and next generation sequencing (NGS) have been proposed to reveal the variety and potential of ACC deaminase-producing PGPR that thrive under external stresses. Multiple stress-tolerant ACC deaminase-producing PGPR strains have demonstrated great promise in providing plant resistance/tolerance to various stressors and, therefore, it could be advantageous over other soil/plant microbiome that can flourish under stressed environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Shahid
- Plant-Microbe Interaction and Rhizosphere Biology Lab, ICAR-National Bureau of Agriculturally Important Microorganisms (NBAIM), Mau, Uttar Pradesh, India
- *Correspondence: Mohammad Shahid, ; Udai B. Singh, ; Prakash Singh,
| | - Udai B. Singh
- Plant-Microbe Interaction and Rhizosphere Biology Lab, ICAR-National Bureau of Agriculturally Important Microorganisms (NBAIM), Mau, Uttar Pradesh, India
- *Correspondence: Mohammad Shahid, ; Udai B. Singh, ; Prakash Singh,
| | - Mohammad Saghir Khan
- Department of Agricultural Microbiology, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Prakash Singh
- Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, Veer Kunwar Singh College of Agriculture, Bihar Agricultural University, Dumraon, India
- *Correspondence: Mohammad Shahid, ; Udai B. Singh, ; Prakash Singh,
| | - Ratan Kumar
- Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Rohtas, Bihar Agricultural University, Bikramganj, Bihar, India
| | - Raj Narian Singh
- Directorate of Extension Education, Bihar Agricultural University, Bhagalpur, Bihar, India
| | - Arun Kumar
- Swamy Keshwanand Rajasthan Agriculture University, Bikaner, Rajasthan, India
| | - Harsh V. Singh
- Plant-Microbe Interaction and Rhizosphere Biology Lab, ICAR-National Bureau of Agriculturally Important Microorganisms (NBAIM), Mau, Uttar Pradesh, India
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Shirazi K, Ketabchi S, Kargar M. Screening of endophytic bacteria from potato tubers and their antagonistic activity against soil-borne potato pathogens. JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL RESEARCH - BOLLETTINO DELLA SOCIETÀ ITALIANA DI BIOLOGIA SPERIMENTALE 2022. [DOI: 10.4081/jbr.2023.10625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
In order to appraise the bacterial endophyte communities that help resist disease in potato tuber, the separation, the population density, biodiversity and the antagonistic activity of endophytic bacteria, from the tuber peel of potato cultivars (Fontan90, Agria, Sante’a and Jeli89), were examined in the Fars province in Iran. In this study, the bacterial endophyte Colony Forming Units (CFU) were counted based on the most suitable dilution in petri dishes and expressed per g of wet weight of tuber tissue. The presence of bacteria was found mostly in the outer layer. A wide variety of endophyte species biodiversity was in Agria cultivar. To estimate the antagonistic effect of potato associated endophytic bacteria, 115 bacterial isolates were evaluated by dual culture method against main soil-borne potato pathogens Fusarium oxysporum, Rhizoctonia solani, Verticillium dahliae, Streptomyces scabies and Ralstonia solanacearum. Endophyte strains were identified based on physiological, morphological and chemical characteristics and the 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis. The highest degree of the inhibitory activity in all layers of potato cultivars was related to Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus mojavensis and Klebsiella variicola. Antagonistic activity of endophytic bacteria against the pathogens was significantly higher (p<0.01) in the examined strains from the outermost layer of tuber peel and decreased progressively toward the center of the tuber. In this research, Klebsiella variicola was reported as endophyte bacteria in the four commercial potatocultivars mentioned above, for the first time.
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Büttner H, Pidot SJ, Scherlach K, Hertweck C. Endofungal bacteria boost anthelminthic host protection with the biosurfactant symbiosin. Chem Sci 2022; 14:103-112. [PMID: 36605741 PMCID: PMC9769094 DOI: 10.1039/d2sc04167g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Accepted: 11/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Effective protection of soil fungi from predators is crucial for their survival in the niche. Thus, fungi have developed efficient defence strategies. We discovered that soil beneficial Mortierella fungi employ a potent cytotoxin (necroxime) against fungivorous nematodes. Interestingly, this anthelminthic agent is produced by bacterial endosymbionts (Candidatus Mycoavidus necroximicus) residing within the fungus. Analysis of the symbiont's genome indicated a rich biosynthetic potential, yet nothing has been known about additional metabolites and their potential synergistic functions. Here we report that two distinct Mortierella endosymbionts produce a novel cyclic lipodepsipeptide (symbiosin), that is clearly of bacterial origin, but has striking similarities to various fungal specialized metabolites. The structure and absolute configuration of symbiosin were fully elucidated. By comparative genomics of symbiosin-positive strains and in silico analyses of the deduced non-ribosomal synthetases, we assigned the (sym) biosynthetic gene cluster and proposed an assembly line model. Bioassays revealed that symbiosin is not only an antibiotic, in particular against mycobacteria, but also exhibits marked synergistic effects with necroxime in anti-nematode tests. By functional analyses and substitution experiments we found that symbiosin is a potent biosurfactant and that this particular property confers a boost in the anthelmintic action, similar to formulations of therapeutics in human medicine. Our findings illustrate that "combination therapies" against parasites already exist in ecological contexts, which may inspire the development of biocontrol agents and therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannah Büttner
- Department of Biomolecular Chemistry, Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology – Hans Knöll Institute (Leibniz-HKI)Beutenbergstrasse 11a07745 JenaGermany
| | - Sacha J. Pidot
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Doherty Institute792 Elizabeth StreetMelbourne3000Australia
| | - Kirstin Scherlach
- Department of Biomolecular Chemistry, Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology – Hans Knöll Institute (Leibniz-HKI)Beutenbergstrasse 11a07745 JenaGermany
| | - Christian Hertweck
- Department of Biomolecular Chemistry, Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology – Hans Knöll Institute (Leibniz-HKI)Beutenbergstrasse 11a07745 JenaGermany,Institute of Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Friedrich Schiller University Jena07743 JenaGermany
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22
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Bhatt K, Suyal DC, Kumar S, Singh K, Goswami P. New insights into engineered plant-microbe interactions for pesticide removal. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 309:136635. [PMID: 36183882 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.136635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2022] [Revised: 09/21/2022] [Accepted: 09/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Over the past decades, rapid industrialization along with the overutilization of organic pollutants/pesticides has altered the environmental circumstances. Moreover, various anthropogenic, xenobiotics and natural activities also affected plants, soil, and human health, in both direct and indirect ways. To counter this, several conventional methods are currently practiced, but are uneconomical, noxious, and is yet inefficient for large-scale application. Plant-microbe interactions are mediated naturally in an ecosystem and are practiced in several areas. Plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) possess certain attributes affecting plant and soil consequently performing decontamination activity via a direct and indirect mechanism. PGPR also harbors indispensable genes stimulating the mineralization of several organic and inorganic compounds. This makes microbes potential candidates for contributing to sustainably remediating the harmful pesticide contaminants. There is a limited piece of information about the plant-microbe interaction pertaining predict and understand the overall interaction concerning a sustainable environment. Therefore, this review focuses on the plant-microbe interaction in the rhizosphere and inside the plant's tissues, along with the utilization augmenting the crop productivity, reduction in plant stress along with decontamination of pesticides/organic pollutants in soil for sustainable environmental management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kalpana Bhatt
- Department of Food Science, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA.
| | - Deep Chandra Suyal
- Department of Microbiology, Akal College of Basic Sciences, Eternal University, Baru Sahib, Sirmour, Himachal Pradesh, India.
| | - Saurabh Kumar
- ICAR-Research Complex for Eastern Region, Patna, 800014, Bihar, India
| | - Kuldeep Singh
- Department of Microbiology, Chaudhary Charan Singh Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar, 125004, India
| | - Priya Goswami
- Department of Biotechnology, Mangalayatan University, Uttar Pradesh, India
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Yadav A, Mudoi KD, Kumar N, Geed SR, Gogoi P, Sharma RK, Saikia R. Auxin biosynthesis by Microbacterium testaceum Y411 associated with orchid aerial roots and their efficacy in micropropagation. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:1037109. [PMID: 36518501 PMCID: PMC9742431 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.1037109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2022] [Accepted: 11/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Root-associated bacteria strongly affect plant growth and development by synthesizing growth regulators and stress-relieving metabolites. The present study is mainly focused on assessing aerial root-associated bacteria of Rhynchostylis retusa (L.) Blume is an endemic epiphytic orchid responsible for auxin production and influencing plant growth. A bacterial isolate, Microbacterium testaceum Y411, was found to be the most active producer of indole-3-acetic acid (IAA). The maximum IAA production (170µg/mL) was recorded with the bacterium at optimum process parameters such as pH 7, temperature 30°C, and tryptophan 1000 µg/mL in a culture medium for 48 h. The extracted auxin was purified and analyzed by FT-IR, HPLC, and HR-MS, indicating bacterial auxin has a similar mass value to 4-chloroindole-3-acetic acid auxin. Furthermore, the bacterial auxin was tested on in vitro propagation of orchid, Cymbidium aloifolium, and 90% seed germination was recorded in Murashige and Skoog's medium supplemented with bacterial auxin. The novel results obtained in this study are used for agricultural applications and the Microbacterium testaceum Y411 is a valuable biotechnological resource for a natural auxin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Archana Yadav
- Microbial Biotechnology Laboratory, Biological Sciences and Technology Division, Council of Scientific & Industrial Research (CSIR)-North East Institute of Science and Technology, Jorhat, Assam, India
- Department of Applied Biology, University of Science and Technology, Meghalaya, India
| | - Kalpataru Dutta Mudoi
- Microbial Biotechnology Laboratory, Biological Sciences and Technology Division, Council of Scientific & Industrial Research (CSIR)-North East Institute of Science and Technology, Jorhat, Assam, India
| | - Niraj Kumar
- Microbial Biotechnology Laboratory, Biological Sciences and Technology Division, Council of Scientific & Industrial Research (CSIR)-North East Institute of Science and Technology, Jorhat, Assam, India
| | - Sachin Rameshrao Geed
- Microbial Biotechnology Laboratory, Biological Sciences and Technology Division, Council of Scientific & Industrial Research (CSIR)-North East Institute of Science and Technology, Jorhat, Assam, India
| | - Parishmita Gogoi
- Microbial Biotechnology Laboratory, Biological Sciences and Technology Division, Council of Scientific & Industrial Research (CSIR)-North East Institute of Science and Technology, Jorhat, Assam, India
| | - Rabin K. Sharma
- Department of Applied Biology, University of Science and Technology, Meghalaya, India
| | - Ratul Saikia
- Microbial Biotechnology Laboratory, Biological Sciences and Technology Division, Council of Scientific & Industrial Research (CSIR)-North East Institute of Science and Technology, Jorhat, Assam, India
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24
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Kumari M, Qureshi KA, Jaremko M, White J, Singh SK, Sharma VK, Singh KK, Santoyo G, Puopolo G, Kumar A. Deciphering the role of endophytic microbiome in postharvest diseases management of fruits: Opportunity areas in commercial up-scale production. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:1026575. [PMID: 36466226 PMCID: PMC9716317 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.1026575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Accepted: 10/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
As endophytes are widely distributed in the plant's internal compartments and despite having enormous potential as a biocontrol agent against postharvest diseases of fruits, the fruit-endophyte-pathogen interactions have not been studied detail. Therefore, this review aims to briefly discuss the colonization patterns of endophytes and pathogens in the host tissue, the diversity and distribution patterns of endophytes in the carposphere of fruits, and host-endophyte-pathogen interactions and the molecular mechanism of the endophytic microbiome in postharvest disease management in fruits. Postharvest loss management is one of the major concerns of the current century. It is considered a critical challenge to food security for the rising global population. However, to manage the postharvest loss, still, a large population relies on chemical fungicides, which affect food quality and are hazardous to health and the surrounding environment. However, the scientific community has searched for alternatives for the last two decades. In this context, endophytic microorganisms have emerged as an economical, sustainable, and viable option to manage postharvest pathogens with integral colonization properties and eliciting a defense response against pathogens. This review extensively summarizes recent developments in endophytic interactions with harvested fruits and pathogens-the multiple biocontrol traits of endophytes and colonization and diversity patterns of endophytes. In addition, the upscale commercial production of endophytes for postharvest disease treatment is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madhuree Kumari
- Department of Biochemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bengaluru, India
| | - Kamal A. Qureshi
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Unaizah College of Pharmacy, Qassim University, Unaizah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mariusz Jaremko
- Smart-Health Initiative (SHI) and Red Sea Research Center (R.S.R.C.), Division of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Engineering (B.E.S.E.), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (K.A.U.S.T.), Thuwal, Saudi Arabia
| | - James White
- Department of Plant Biology, Rutgers University, The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ, United States
| | - Sandeep Kumar Singh
- Division of Microbiology, Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR), New Delhi, India
| | - Vijay Kumar Sharma
- Centre of Advanced Study in Botany, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
| | | | - Gustavo Santoyo
- Instituto de Investigaciones Químico Biológicas, Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo, Morelia, Mexico
| | - Gerardo Puopolo
- Center Agriculture Food Environment, University of Trento, Trentino, TN, Italy
| | - Ajay Kumar
- Centre of Advanced Study in Botany, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
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Kandasamy GD, Kathirvel P. Insights into bacterial endophytic diversity and isolation with a focus on their potential applications –A review. Microbiol Res 2022; 266:127256. [DOI: 10.1016/j.micres.2022.127256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2022] [Revised: 11/02/2022] [Accepted: 11/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
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26
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Munakata Y, Spina R, Slezack-Deschaumes S, Genestier J, Hehn A, Laurain-Mattar D. Screening of Endophytic Bacteria of Leucojum aestivum 'Gravety Giant' as a Potential Source of Alkaloids and as Antagonist to Some Plant Fungal Pathogens. Microorganisms 2022; 10:microorganisms10102089. [PMID: 36296365 PMCID: PMC9609000 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms10102089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2022] [Revised: 10/17/2022] [Accepted: 10/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Leucojum aestivum is a medicinal plant belonging to the Amaryllidaceae family well known as a producer of alkaloids such as galanthamine and lycorine. However, the endophytic microbes that colonize different plant tissues without causing any damage have not been reported in this plant. Here, we explored the different endophytic bacterial communities isolated from different surface disinfected tissues of L. aestivum 'Gravety giant' and screened bacterial isolates producing alkaloids and their potential use as biocontrol agent against wheat pathogens. For that purpose, endophytic bacteria were isolated from bulbs, roots and shoots of L. aestivum. After taxonomical characterization, these microorganisms were screened for their ability to produce alkaloids using high-performance thin-layer chromatography (HPTLC) and untargeted liquid chromatography-Mass Spectrometry/Mass Spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) strategies. We isolated 138 bacteria belonging to four phyla and 42 genera, mainly from roots and shoots. The most abundant genera were Rahnella in shoot, Patulibacter in bulb and Bacillus in roots. Among the different bacterial isolates, the methanolic extracts of Luteibacter rhizovicinus (LaBFB3301) and Commamonas denitrificans (LaBFS2103) slightly delayed the growth of F. graminearum colonies in in vitro dual tests against F. graminearum and M. nivale strains with 15.5% and 19.9% inhibition rates, respectively. These isolates are able to produce an indolic alkaloid tryptophol (C10H11NO, [M + H]+ 162.0913). These endophytic bacteria might be investigated to characterize the plant protection effect and the plant growth promotion effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuka Munakata
- Université de Lorraine—INRAE, LAE, F-54000 Nancy, France
- Université de Lorraine—CNRS, L2CM, F-54000 Nancy, France
| | - Rosella Spina
- Université de Lorraine—INRAE, LAE, F-54000 Nancy, France
- Université de Lorraine—CNRS, L2CM, F-54000 Nancy, France
| | | | | | - Alain Hehn
- Université de Lorraine—INRAE, LAE, F-54000 Nancy, France
| | - Dominique Laurain-Mattar
- Université de Lorraine—INRAE, LAE, F-54000 Nancy, France
- Université de Lorraine—CNRS, L2CM, F-54000 Nancy, France
- Correspondence:
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Singh RR, Wesemael WML. Endophytic Paenibacillus polymyxa LMG27872 inhibits Meloidogyne incognita parasitism, promoting tomato growth through a dose-dependent effect. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:961085. [PMID: 36186028 PMCID: PMC9516289 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.961085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2022] [Accepted: 08/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The root-knot nematode, Meloidogyne incognita, is a major pest in tomato production. Paenibacillus polymyxa, which is primarily found in soil and colonizing roots, is considered a successful biocontrol organism against many pathogens. To evaluate the biocontrol capacity of P. polymyxa LMG27872 against M. incognita in tomato, experiments were conducted both in vitro and in vivo. A dose-response effect [30, 50, and 100% (108 CFU/mL)] of bacterial suspensions (BSs) on growth and tomato susceptibility to M. incognita with soil drenching as a mode of application was first evaluated. The results show that the biological efficacy of P. polymyxa LMG27872 against M. incognita parasitism in tomato was dose-dependent. A significantly reduced number of galls, egg-laying females (ELF), and second-stage juveniles (J2) were observed in BS-treated plants, in a dose-dependent manner. The effect of P. polymyxa on tomato growth was also dose-dependent. A high dose of BSs had a negative effect on growth; however, this negative effect was not observed when the BS-treated plants were challenged with M. incognita, indicating tolerance or a defense priming mechanism. In subsequent in vivo experiments, the direct effect of BSs was evaluated on J2 mortality and egg hatching of M. incognita. The effect of BS on J2 mortality was observed from 12 to 24 h, whereby M. incognita J2 was significantly inhibited by the BS treatment. The effect of P. polymyxa on M. incognita egg hatching was also dependent on the BS dose. The results show a potential of P. polymyxa LMG27872 to protect plants from nematode parasitism and its implementation in integrated nematode management suitable for organic productions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard Raj Singh
- Department of Plants and Crops, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Wim M. L. Wesemael
- Department of Plants and Crops, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- Plant Unit, Flanders Research Institute for Agriculture, Fisheries and Food (ILVO), Merelbeke, Belgium
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28
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Morozova MV, Kalmykova GV, Akulova NI, Ites YV, Korkina VI, Litvinova EA. Autoclaved Diet with Inactivated Spores of Bacillus spp. Decreased Reproductive Performance of Muc2−/− and Muc2+/− Mice. Animals (Basel) 2022; 12:ani12182399. [PMID: 36139259 PMCID: PMC9495189 DOI: 10.3390/ani12182399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2022] [Revised: 09/05/2022] [Accepted: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Within barrier facilities for the housing of laboratory animals, the sterilization of feed, bedding, and cages is used to reduce contact with bacteria. However, in nature, animals come into contact with a lot of bacteria. We investigated the effect of an autoclaved diet on the reproductive performance of Muc2−/− mice. Muc2−/− mice develop intestinal barrier defects and are sensitive to changes of the gut microbiota. We have shown that the autoclaved diet negatively affects the reproductive performance of Muc2−/− females and their healthy Muc2+/− siblings. Thus, the autoclaved diet led to earlier rectal prolapse of Muc2−/− females combined with intestinal inflammation, compared to mice fed with the non-autoclaved diet. We hypothesize that this effect is due to the reduction of the diet nutritional value and inactivation of Bacillus spp. spores in the autoclaved diet. Abstract Within barrier facilities, autoclaved diet and bedding are used for husbandry of laboratory rodents. Bacillus spp. are ubiquitous in nature and some of them are known as probiotics. Inactivation of the Bacillus spores and reduction of the diet nutritional value due to autoclavation could be especially critical for immunodeficient mice. We studied the effect of the autoclaved and non-autoclaved diets on the reproductive performance and the age of prolapse manifestation in Muc2−/− mice with impaired gut barrier function and, therefore, sensitive to change of microbiota. We found that the non-autoclaved diet led to enhancement of the fertility index of Muc2−/− and Muc2+/− female mice. The non-autoclaved diet affected the prolapse of Muc2−/− mice that occurred later in comparison with females eating the autoclaved diet. We showed that Bacillus spp. was present in the non-autoclaved diet and feces of mice on the non-autoclaved diet. Bacterial strains of the non-autoclaved diet and feces belonged to B. amyloliquefaciens, B. thuringiensis, B. subtilis, Lysinibacillus macrolides, B. cereus, and other representatives of Bacillus spp. Moreover, autoclavation of the diet affected on the percent of the blood and spleen immune cells, the bacterial composition of the intestine, and increased the level of methionine in the thigh muscle of mice. Enhanced reproductive performance and delayed prolapse manifestation in Muc2−/− mice could be due to improved digestion, as Bacillus spp. from diet and feces had enzymatic activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryana V. Morozova
- Scientific-Research Institute of Neurosciences and Medicine, St. Timakova, 4, 630117 Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Galina V. Kalmykova
- Physical Engineering Faculty, Novosibirsk State Technical University, 630073 Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Nadezhda I. Akulova
- Physical Engineering Faculty, Novosibirsk State Technical University, 630073 Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Yuriy V. Ites
- Siberian Federal Scientific Center of Agrobiotechnology RAS, St. Central, 1, 630501 Krasnoobsk, Russia
| | - Valentina I. Korkina
- Siberian Federal Scientific Center of Agrobiotechnology RAS, St. Central, 1, 630501 Krasnoobsk, Russia
| | - Ekaterina A. Litvinova
- Scientific-Research Institute of Neurosciences and Medicine, St. Timakova, 4, 630117 Novosibirsk, Russia
- Physical Engineering Faculty, Novosibirsk State Technical University, 630073 Novosibirsk, Russia
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +7-923-147-94-64
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29
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Characterization and purification of esterase from Cellulomonas fimi DB19 isolated from Zanthoxylum armatum with its possible role in diesel biodegradation. Arch Microbiol 2022; 204:580. [DOI: 10.1007/s00203-022-03210-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2022] [Revised: 08/15/2022] [Accepted: 08/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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30
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Dubey A, Malla MA, Kumar A. Taxonomical and functional bacterial community profiling in disease-resistant and disease-susceptible soybean cultivars. Braz J Microbiol 2022; 53:1355-1370. [PMID: 35415800 PMCID: PMC9433584 DOI: 10.1007/s42770-022-00746-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Highly varied bacterial communities inhabiting the soybean rhizosphere perform important roles in its growth and production; nevertheless, little is known about the changes that occur in these communities under disease-stress conditions. The present study investigated the bacterial diversity and their metabolic profile in the rhizosphere of disease-resistant (JS-20-34) and disease-susceptible (JS-335) soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.) cultivars using 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing and community-level physiological profiling (CLPP). In disease-resistant soybean (AKADR) samples, the most dominating phyla were Actinobacteria (40%) followed by Chloroflexi (24%), Proteobacteria (20%), and Firmicutes (12%), while in the disease-susceptible (AKADS) sample, the most dominating phyla were Proteobacteria (35%) followed by Actinobacteria (27%) and Bacteroidetes (17%). Functional profiling of bacterial communities was done using the METAGENassist, and PICRUSt2 software, which shows that AKADR samples have more ammonifying, chitin degrading, nitrogen-fixing, and nitrite reducing bacteria compared to AKADS rhizosphere samples. The bacterial communities present in disease-resistant samples were significantly enriched with genes involved in nitrogen fixation, carbon fixation, ammonification, denitrification, and antibiotic production. Furthermore, the CLPP results show that carbohydrates and carboxylic acids were the most frequently utilized nutrients by the microbes. The principal component analysis (PCA) revealed that the AKADR soils had higher functional activity (strong association with the Shannon-Wiener index, richness index, and hydrocarbon consumption) than AKADS rhizospheric soils. Overall, our findings suggested that the rhizosphere of resistant varieties of soybean comprises of beneficial bacterial population over susceptible varieties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anamika Dubey
- Metagenomics and Secretomics Research Laboratory, Department of Botany, Dr. Harisingh Gour University (A Central University), Sagar, 470003, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Muneer Ahmad Malla
- Metagenomics and Secretomics Research Laboratory, Department of Botany, Dr. Harisingh Gour University (A Central University), Sagar, 470003, Madhya Pradesh, India
- Department of Zoology, Dr. Harisingh Gour University (A Central University), Sagar, 470003, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Ashwani Kumar
- Metagenomics and Secretomics Research Laboratory, Department of Botany, Dr. Harisingh Gour University (A Central University), Sagar, 470003, Madhya Pradesh, India.
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31
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Vasilchenko AS, Poshvina DV, Sidorov RY, Iashnikov AV, Rogozhin EA, Vasilchenko AV. Oak bark (Quercus sp. cortex) protects plants through the inhibition of quorum sensing mediated virulence of Pectobacterium carotovorum. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2022; 38:184. [PMID: 35972587 DOI: 10.1007/s11274-022-03366-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2022] [Accepted: 07/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Bacterial intercellular communication mediated by small diffusible molecules, known as quorum sensing (QS), is a common mechanism for regulating bacterial colonisation strategies and survival. Influence on QS by plant-derived molecules is proposed as a strategy for combating phytopathogens by modulating their virulence. This work builds upon other studies that have revealed plant-derived QS inhibitors extracted from oak bark (Quercus sp.). It was found that co-incubation of Pectobacterium carotovorum VKM-B-1247 with oak bark extract (OBE) reduced the production of acyl-HSL. This was accompanied by a dose-dependent decrease in the bacterial cellulolytic and protease activity. At the transcriptomic level, the OBE treatment suppressed the main QS-related genes expR/expI. Potato tubers pre-treated with OBE showed resistance to a manifestation of soft-rot symptoms. Analysis of the component composition of the OBE identified several biologically active molecules, such as n-hexadecanoic acid, 2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-methylphenol, butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT), gamma-sitosterol, lupeol, and others. Molecular docking of the binding energy between identified molecules and homology models of LuxR-LuxI type proteins allow to identify potential inhibitors. Collectively, obtained results figure out great potential of widely distributed oak-derived plant material for bacterial control during storage of potato.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexey S Vasilchenko
- Laboratory of Antimicrobial Resistance, Institute of Environmental and Agricultural Biology (X-BIO), Tyumen State University, Volodarskogo Street, 6, Tyumen, Russia, 625003.
| | - Darya V Poshvina
- Laboratory of Antimicrobial Resistance, Institute of Environmental and Agricultural Biology (X-BIO), Tyumen State University, Volodarskogo Street, 6, Tyumen, Russia, 625003
| | - Roman Yu Sidorov
- Institute of Ecology and Genetics of Microorganisms, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Goleva Street 13, Perm, Russia, 614081
| | - Aleksandr V Iashnikov
- Laboratory of Antimicrobial Resistance, Institute of Environmental and Agricultural Biology (X-BIO), Tyumen State University, Volodarskogo Street, 6, Tyumen, Russia, 625003
| | - Eugene A Rogozhin
- Shemyakin and Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Anastasia V Vasilchenko
- Laboratory of Antimicrobial Resistance, Institute of Environmental and Agricultural Biology (X-BIO), Tyumen State University, Volodarskogo Street, 6, Tyumen, Russia, 625003.,All-Russian Institute of Plant Protection, St. Petersburg-Pushkin, Russia
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32
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Sun Y, Liu M, Lu D, Wang Y, Li L, Wu Y, Zhang L, Xv Q, Li R, Liu T, Lu T, Guo Z, Guo X. Large-scale microbiome analysis reveals bacterial community characteristics in typical Chinese herbal slices. Biologia (Bratisl) 2022; 77:3565-3580. [PMID: 35971510 PMCID: PMC9366831 DOI: 10.1007/s11756-022-01199-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2022] [Accepted: 08/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Chinese herbal slices (CHSs) are closely associated to microorganisms, whether they are endophytic or epiphytic in plants, or introduced during processing. In this study, the structures and predicted functions of microbial communities in 150 batches of samples from five types of CHSs were investigated by combining pure culture and 16 S rDNA amplicon sequencing. Bile-salt-tolerant gram-negative bacteria were detected in 56.0% of samples, and Salmonella was detected in two batches of Glycyrrhiza slices and in one batch of Rheum slices. The main genera from the Enterobacteriaceae, Bacillaceae, Fibrobacteraceae, and Pseudomonadaceae families were assessed in typical colonies. Amplicon sequencing identified 1200 bacterial genera, including some pharmacopeial-controlled bacteria and many beneficial endophytes of medicinal plants. Around 65% of the genera co-occurred in all five CHSs. In clustering based on different algorithms, the samples from each CHS type were relatively clustered, with some overlap. Ranked from highest to lowest diversity, the CHSs were Rheum, Angelica, Astragalus, Codonopsis, and Glycyrrhiza. Each CHS had its indicator species. Functional annotations suggest that potential microbial transformation uses CHSs as substrates and microbial communities as transformants. Overall, it was demonstrated that, based on their complementary advantages, high-throughput sequencing technology and traditional pure-culture technology together can fully assess the microbial load of CHSs and reduce the misdetection rate. We observed large microbial communities in typical CHSs, demonstrating differences and similarities among different CHS types. These results provide a reference for establishing new microbial limit criteria for CHSs and highlight the importance of further correlating CHS microbial community structure and function.
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Akter Y, Barua R, Nasir Uddin M, Muhammad Sanaullah AF, Marzan LW. Bioactive potentiality of secondary metabolites from endophytic bacteria against SARS-COV-2: An in-silico approach. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0269962. [PMID: 35925905 PMCID: PMC9352062 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0269962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2022] [Accepted: 05/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Five endophytic bacterial isolates were studied to identify morphologically and biochemically, according to established protocols and further confirmed by 16S rDNA Sanger sequencing, as Priestia megaterium, Staphylococcus caprae, Neobacillus drentensis, Micrococcus yunnanensis, and Sphingomonas paucimobiliz, which were then tested for phytohormone, ammonia, and hydrolytic enzyme production. Antioxidant compounds total phenolic content (TPC), and total flavonoid content (TFC) were assessed by using bacterial crude extracts obtained from 24-hour shake-flask culture. Phylogenetic tree analysis of those identified isolates shared sequence similarities with the members of Bacillus, Micrococcus, Staphylococcus, and Pseudomonas species, and after GenBank submission, accession numbers for the nucleotide sequences were found to be MW494406, MW494408, MW494401, MW494402, and MZ021340, respectively. In silico analysis was performed to identify their bioactive genes and compounds in the context of bioactive secondary metabolite production with medicinal value, where nine significant bioactive compounds according to six different types of bioactive secondary metabolites were identified, and their structures, gene associations, and protein-protein networks were analyzed by different computational tools and servers, which were reported earlier with their antimicrobial, anti-infective, antioxidant, and anti-cancer capabilities. These compounds were then docked to the 3-chymotrypsin-like protease (3CLpro) of the novel SARS-COV-2. Docking scores were then compared with 3CLpro reference inhibitor (lopinavir), and docked compounds were further subjected to ADMET and drug-likeness analyses. Ligand-protein interactions showed that two compounds (microansamycin and aureusimine) interacted favorably with coronavirus 3CLpro. Besides, in silico analysis, we also performed NMR for metabolite detection whereas three metabolites (microansamycin, aureusimine, and stenothricin) were confirmed from the 1H NMR profiles. As a consequence, the metabolites found from NMR data aligned with our in-silico analysis that carries a significant outcome of this research. Finally, Endophytic bacteria collected from medicinal plants can provide new leading bioactive compounds against target proteins of SARS-COV-2, which could be an effective approach to accelerate drug innovation and development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasmin Akter
- Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Chittagong, Chittagong, Bangladesh
| | - Rocktim Barua
- Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Chittagong, Chittagong, Bangladesh
| | - Md. Nasir Uddin
- Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Chittagong, Chittagong, Bangladesh
| | | | - Lolo Wal Marzan
- Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Chittagong, Chittagong, Bangladesh
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Mathur V, Ulanova D. Microbial Metabolites Beneficial to Plant Hosts Across Ecosystems. MICROBIAL ECOLOGY 2022:10.1007/s00248-022-02073-x. [PMID: 35867138 DOI: 10.1007/s00248-022-02073-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2022] [Accepted: 07/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Plants are intimately connected with their associated microorganisms. Chemical interactions via natural products between plants and their microbial symbionts form an important aspect in host health and development, both in aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems. These interactions range from negative to beneficial for microbial symbionts as well as their hosts. Symbiotic microbes synchronize their metabolism with their hosts, thus suggesting a possible coevolution among them. Metabolites, synthesized from plants and microbes due to their association and coaction, supplement the already present metabolites, thus promoting plant growth, maintaining physiological status, and countering various biotic and abiotic stress factors. However, environmental changes, such as pollution and temperature variations, as well as anthropogenic-induced monoculture settings, have a significant influence on plant-associated microbial community and its interaction with the host. In this review, we put the prominent microbial metabolites participating in plant-microbe interactions in the natural terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems in a single perspective and have discussed commonalities and differences in these interactions for adaptation to surrounding environment and how environmental changes can alter the same. We also present the status and further possibilities of employing chemical interactions for environment remediation. Our review thus underlines the importance of ecosystem-driven functional adaptations of plant-microbe interactions in natural and anthropogenically influenced ecosystems and their possible applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vartika Mathur
- Animal Plant Interactions Lab, Department of Zoology, Sri Venkateswara College, Benito Juarez Marg, Dhaula Kuan, New Delhi-110021, India.
| | - Dana Ulanova
- Department of Marine Resource Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture and Marine Science, Kochi University, Monobe, Nankoku city, Kochi, 783-8502, Japan.
- Center for Advanced Marine Core Research, Kochi University, Monobe, Nankoku city, Kochi, 783-8502, Japan.
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Masocha VF, Liu H, Zhan P, Wang K, Zeng A, Shen S, Schneider H. Bacterial Microbiome in the Phyllo-Endosphere of Highly Specialized Rock Spleenwort. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:891155. [PMID: 35874023 PMCID: PMC9302946 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.891155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Bacteria communities associated with plants have been given increasing consideration because they are arguably beneficial to their host plants. To understand the ecological and evolutionary impact of these mutualistic associations, it is important to explore the vast unknown territory of bacterial genomic diversity and their functional contributions associated with the major branches of the tree-of-life. Arguably, this aim can be achieved by profiling bacterial communities by applying high throughput sequencing approaches, besides establishing model plant organisms to test key predictions. This study utilized the Illumina Miseq reads of bacterial 16S rRNA sequences to determine the bacterial diversity associated with the endosphere of the leaves of the highly specialized rock spleenwort Asplenium delavayi (Aspleniaceae). By documenting the bacterial communities associated with ferns collected in natural occurrence and cultivation, this study discovered the most species-rich bacterial communities associated with terrestrial ferns reported until now. Despite the substantial variations of species diversity and composition among accessions, a set of 28 bacterial OTUs was found to be shared among all accessions. Functional analyses recovered evidence to support the predictions that changes in bacterial community compositions correspond to functional differentiation. Given the ease of cultivating this species, Asplenium delavayi is introduced here as a model organism to explore the ecological and evolutionary benefits created by mutualistic associations between bacteria and ferns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valerie F. Masocha
- Centre for Integrative Conservation, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Hongmei Liu
- Centre for Integrative Conservation, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Pingshan Zhan
- Centre for Integrative Conservation, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Kaikai Wang
- Centre for Integrative Conservation, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Ao Zeng
- School of Biological and Chemical Sciences, Pu’er University, Pu’er, China
| | - Sike Shen
- Centre for Integrative Conservation, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Harald Schneider
- Centre for Integrative Conservation, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
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Plant growth-promoting characteristics of halotolerant endophytic bacteria isolated from Sporobolus specatus (Vahr) Kunth and Cyperus laevigatus L. of Ethiopian rift valley lakes. Arch Microbiol 2022; 204:403. [PMID: 35723754 DOI: 10.1007/s00203-022-03021-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2022] [Accepted: 05/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Understanding plant microbes' intimate relationship and search for beneficial microbes is a sustainable alternative to improve plant growth and yield under a wide range of biotic and abiotic stress conditions. More than 20% of the total global agricultural land is affected by salinity. High salinity challenges crop plants by affecting several metabolic pathways and decreasing plant growth and yield. Unlike chemical fertilizers and pesticides, endophytic microbes offer an eco-friendly approach to increasing crop yield via various metabolites during salinity stress. The objective of this study was to isolate and characterize endophytic halotolerant bacterial isolates from haloalkaliphytes, investigate their plant growth-promoting (PGP) properties and tolerance for various stress conditions. Sporobolus specatus (Vahr) Kunth and Cyperus laevigatus L. grass samples were collected from the shores of two Ethiopian soda lakes (Lakes Abijata, and Chitu, respectively). A total of 167 halotolerant endophytic bacterial isolates, that clustered into 21 ARDRA (Amplified ribosomal DNA restriction analysis) groups, affiliated to members of 11 bacterial genera, namely Halomonas, Agrobacterium, Exiguobacterium, Jonesia, Stenotrophomonas, Pseudomonas, Alishewanella, Kosakonia, Bacillus, Paracoccus and Pannonibacter, were identified based on 16S rRNA sequencing. Most of the strains were able to produce IAA (indole-3-acetic acid) and hydrogen cyanide, grow on a nitrogen-free medium and solubilize phosphate. In vitro tolerance tests reveal that isolates were tolerant to: 5.0-15% NaCl, up to 40% PEG 6000, temperatures up to 50 °C, and pH 5-11. These characteristics of the isolates indicate their potential PGP application under various plant stress conditions.
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Production and Functionalities of Specialized Metabolites from Different Organic Sources. Metabolites 2022; 12:metabo12060534. [PMID: 35736468 PMCID: PMC9228302 DOI: 10.3390/metabo12060534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2022] [Revised: 06/02/2022] [Accepted: 06/08/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Medicinal plants are rich sources of specialized metabolites that are of great importance to plants, animals, and humans. The usefulness of active biological compounds cuts across different fields, such as agriculture, forestry, food processing and packaging, biofuels, biocatalysts, and environmental remediation. In recent years, research has shifted toward the use of microbes, especially endophytes (bacteria, fungi, and viruses), and the combination of these organisms with other alternatives to optimize the production and regulation of these compounds. This review reinforces the production of specialized metabolites, especially by plants and microorganisms, and the effectiveness of microorganisms in increasing the production/concentration of these compounds in plants. The study also highlights the functions of these compounds in plants and their applications in various fields. New research areas that should be explored to produce and regulate these compounds, especially in plants and microbes, have been identified. Methods involving molecular studies are yet to be fully explored, and next-generation sequencing possesses an interesting and reliable approach.
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Xia Y, Liu J, Chen C, Mo X, Tan Q, He Y, Wang Z, Yin J, Zhou G. The Multifunctions and Future Prospects of Endophytes and Their Metabolites in Plant Disease Management. Microorganisms 2022; 10:microorganisms10051072. [PMID: 35630514 PMCID: PMC9146654 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms10051072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2022] [Revised: 05/19/2022] [Accepted: 05/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Endophytes represent a ubiquitous and magical world in plants. Almost all plant species studied by different researchers have been found to harbor one or more endophytes, which protect host plants from pathogen invasion and from adverse environmental conditions. They produce various metabolites that can directly inhibit the growth of pathogens and even promote the growth and development of the host plants. In this review, we focus on the biological control of plant diseases, aiming to elucidate the contribution and key roles of endophytes and their metabolites in this field with the latest research information. Metabolites synthesized by endophytes are part of plant disease management, and the application of endophyte metabolites to induce plant resistance is very promising. Furthermore, multi-omics should be more fully utilized in plant–microbe research, especially in mining novel bioactive metabolites. We believe that the utilization of endophytes and their metabolites for plant disease management is a meaningful and promising research direction that can lead to new breakthroughs in the development of more effective and ecosystem-friendly insecticides and fungicides in modern agriculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yandong Xia
- Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration on Control of Artificial Forest Diseases and Pests in South China, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Control of Forest Diseases and Pests, Key Laboratory for Non-Wood Forest Cultivation and Conservation of Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, China; (Y.X.); (J.L.); (X.M.); (Q.T.); (Y.H.); (Z.W.)
| | - Junang Liu
- Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration on Control of Artificial Forest Diseases and Pests in South China, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Control of Forest Diseases and Pests, Key Laboratory for Non-Wood Forest Cultivation and Conservation of Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, China; (Y.X.); (J.L.); (X.M.); (Q.T.); (Y.H.); (Z.W.)
| | - Cang Chen
- College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, China;
| | - Xiuli Mo
- Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration on Control of Artificial Forest Diseases and Pests in South China, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Control of Forest Diseases and Pests, Key Laboratory for Non-Wood Forest Cultivation and Conservation of Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, China; (Y.X.); (J.L.); (X.M.); (Q.T.); (Y.H.); (Z.W.)
| | - Qian Tan
- Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration on Control of Artificial Forest Diseases and Pests in South China, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Control of Forest Diseases and Pests, Key Laboratory for Non-Wood Forest Cultivation and Conservation of Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, China; (Y.X.); (J.L.); (X.M.); (Q.T.); (Y.H.); (Z.W.)
| | - Yuan He
- Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration on Control of Artificial Forest Diseases and Pests in South China, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Control of Forest Diseases and Pests, Key Laboratory for Non-Wood Forest Cultivation and Conservation of Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, China; (Y.X.); (J.L.); (X.M.); (Q.T.); (Y.H.); (Z.W.)
| | - Zhikai Wang
- Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration on Control of Artificial Forest Diseases and Pests in South China, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Control of Forest Diseases and Pests, Key Laboratory for Non-Wood Forest Cultivation and Conservation of Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, China; (Y.X.); (J.L.); (X.M.); (Q.T.); (Y.H.); (Z.W.)
| | - Jia Yin
- College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, China;
- Correspondence: (J.Y.); (G.Z.)
| | - Guoying Zhou
- Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration on Control of Artificial Forest Diseases and Pests in South China, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Control of Forest Diseases and Pests, Key Laboratory for Non-Wood Forest Cultivation and Conservation of Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, China; (Y.X.); (J.L.); (X.M.); (Q.T.); (Y.H.); (Z.W.)
- Correspondence: (J.Y.); (G.Z.)
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Singh D, Thapa S, Mahawar H, Kumar D, Geat N, Singh SK. Prospecting potential of endophytes for modulation of biosynthesis of therapeutic bioactive secondary metabolites and plant growth promotion of medicinal and aromatic plants. Antonie van Leeuwenhoek 2022; 115:699-730. [PMID: 35460457 DOI: 10.1007/s10482-022-01736-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2021] [Accepted: 03/26/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Medicinal and aromatic plants possess pharmacological properties (antidiabetes, anticancer, antihypertension, anticardiovascular, antileprosy, etc.) because of their potential to synthesize a wide range of therapeutic bioactive secondary metabolites. The concentration of bioactive secondry metabolites depends on plant species, local environment, soil type and internal microbiome. The internal microbiome of medicinal plants plays the crucial role in the production of bioactive secondary metabolites, namely alkaloids, steroids, terpenoids, peptides, polyketones, flavonoids, quinols and phenols. In this review, the host specific secondry metabolites produced by endophytes, their therapeutic properties and host-endophytes interaction in relation to production of bioactive secondry metaboloites and the role of endophytes in enhancing the production of bioactive secondry metabolites is discussed. How biological nitrogen fixation, phosphorus solubilization, micronutrient uptake, phytohormone production, disease suppression, etc. can play a vital role in enhacing the plant growth and development.The role of endophytes in enhancing the plant growth and content of bioactive secondary metabolites in medicinal and aromatic plants in a sustainable mode is highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Devendra Singh
- ICAR-Central Arid Zone Research Institute, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, 342003, India.
| | - Shobit Thapa
- ICAR-National Bureau of Agriculturally Important Microorganisms, Kushmaur, Mau Nath Bhanjan, Uttar Pradesh, 275103, India
| | - Himanshu Mahawar
- ICAR-Directorate of Weed Research (DWR), Maharajpur, Jabalpur, Madhya Pradesh, 482004, India
| | - Dharmendra Kumar
- ICAR- Central Potato Research Institute, Shimla, Himachal Pradesh, 171001, India
| | - Neelam Geat
- Agricultural Research Station, Agriculture University, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, 342304, India
| | - S K Singh
- ICAR-Central Arid Zone Research Institute, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, 342003, India
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Ezeobiora CE, Igbokwe NH, Amin DH, Enwuru NV, Okpalanwa CF, Mendie UE. Uncovering the biodiversity and biosynthetic potentials of rare actinomycetes. FUTURE JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL SCIENCES 2022. [DOI: 10.1186/s43094-022-00410-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Antibiotic resistance is on the rise, and new antibiotic research has slowed in recent years, necessitating the discovery of possibly novel microbial resources capable of producing bioactive compounds. Microbial infections are gaining resistance to existing antibiotics, emphasizing the need for novel medicinal molecules to be discovered as soon as possible. Because the possibilities of isolating undiscovered actinomycetes strains have decreased, the quest for novel products has shifted to rare actinomycetes genera from regular environments or the identification of new species identified in unusual habitats.
Main body of the abstract
The non-streptomyces actinobacteria are known as rare actinomycetes that are extremely difficult to cultivate. Rare actinomycetes are known to produce a variety of secondary metabolites with varying medicinal value. In this review, we reported the diversity of rare actinomycetes in several habitat including soil, plants, aquatic environment, caves, insects and extreme environments. We also reported some isolation methods to easily recover rare Actinobacteria from various sources guided with some procedures to identify the rare Actinobacteria isolates. Finally, we reported the biosynthetic potential of rare actinomycetes and its role in the production of unique secondary metabolites that could be used in medicine, agriculture, and industry. These microbial resources will be of interest to humanity, as antibiotics, insecticides, anticancer, antioxidants, to mention but a few.
Short conclusion
Rare actinomycetes are increasingly being investigated for new medicinal compounds that could help to address existing human health challenges such as newly emerging infectious illnesses, antibiotic resistance, and metabolic disorders. The bioactive secondary metabolites from uncommon actinomycetes are the subject of this review, which focuses on their diversity in different habitats, isolation, identification and biosynthetic potentials.
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Adi Wicaksono W, Reisenhofer-Graber T, Erschen S, Kusstatscher P, Berg C, Krause R, Cernava T, Berg G. Phyllosphere-associated microbiota in built environment: Do they have the potential to antagonize human pathogens? J Adv Res 2022; 43:109-121. [PMID: 36585101 PMCID: PMC9811327 DOI: 10.1016/j.jare.2022.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2021] [Revised: 02/01/2022] [Accepted: 02/09/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The plant microbiota is known to protect its host against invasion by plant pathogens. Recent studies have indicated that the microbiota of indoor plants is transmitted to the local built environment where it might fulfill yet unexplored functions. A better understanding of the interplay of such microbial communities with human pathogens might provide novel cues related to natural inhibition of them. OBJECTIVE We studied the plant microbiota of two model indoor plants, Musa acuminata and Chlorophytum comosum, and their effect on human pathogens. The main objective was to identify mechanisms by which the microbiota of indoor plants inhibits human-pathogenic bacteria. METHODS Microbial communities and functioning were investigated using a comprehensive set of experiments and methods combining amplicon and shotgun metagenomic analyses with results from interaction assays. RESULTS A diverse microbial community was found to be present on Musa and Chlorophytum grown in different indoor environments; the datasets comprised 1066 bacterial, 1261 fungal, and 358 archaeal ASVs. Bacterial communities were specific for each plant species, whereas fungal and archaeal communities were primarily shaped by the built environment. Sphingomonas and Bacillus were found to be prevalent components of a ubiquitous core microbiome in the two model plants; they are well-known for antagonistic activity towards plant pathogens. Interaction assays indicated that they can also antagonize opportunistic human pathogens. Moreover, the native plant microbiomes harbored a broad spectrum of biosynthetic gene clusters, and in parallel, a variety of antimicrobial resistance genes. By conducting comparative metagenomic analyses between plants and abiotic surfaces, we found that the phyllosphere microbiota harbors features that are clearly distinguishable from the surrounding abiotic surfaces. CONCLUSIONS Naturally occurring phyllosphere bacteria can potentially act as a protective shield against opportunistic human pathogens. This knowledge and the underlying mechanisms can provide an important basis to establish a healthy microbiome in built environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wisnu Adi Wicaksono
- Institute of Environmental Biotechnology, Graz University of Technology, Graz, Austria.
| | | | - Sabine Erschen
- Institute of Environmental Biotechnology, Graz University of Technology, Graz, Austria.
| | - Peter Kusstatscher
- Institute of Environmental Biotechnology, Graz University of Technology, Graz, Austria.
| | - Christian Berg
- Institute of Plant Sciences, Karl-Franzens-University, Graz, Austria.
| | - Robert Krause
- Department of Internal Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria; BioTechMed Graz, Inter-university Cooperation Platform, Graz, Austria.
| | - Tomislav Cernava
- Institute of Environmental Biotechnology, Graz University of Technology, Graz, Austria; BioTechMed Graz, Inter-university Cooperation Platform, Graz, Austria.
| | - Gabriele Berg
- Institute of Environmental Biotechnology, Graz University of Technology, Graz, Austria; BioTechMed Graz, Inter-university Cooperation Platform, Graz, Austria; Leibniz Institute for Agricultural Engineering and Bioeconomy Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany; Institute for Biochemistry and Biology, University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany.
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Pitakbut T, Spiteller M, Kayser O. Genome Mining and Gene Expression Reveal Maytansine Biosynthetic Genes from Endophytic Communities Living inside Gymnosporia heterophylla (Eckl. and Zeyh.) Loes. and the Relationship with the Plant Biosynthetic Gene, Friedelin Synthase. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 11:321. [PMID: 35161302 PMCID: PMC8840412 DOI: 10.3390/plants11030321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2021] [Revised: 01/09/2022] [Accepted: 01/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Even though maytansine was first discovered from Celastraceae plants, it was later proven to be an endophytic bacterial metabolite. However, a pure bacterial culture cannot synthesize maytansine. Therefore, an exclusive interaction between plant and endophytes is required for maytansine production. Unfortunately, our understanding of plant-endophyte interaction is minimal, and critical questions remain. For example: how do endophytes synthesize maytansine inside their plant host, and what is the impact of maytansine production in plant secondary metabolites? Our study aimed to address these questions. We selected Gymnosporia heterophylla as our model and used amino-hydroxybenzoic acid (AHBA) synthase and halogenase genes as biomarkers, as these two genes respond to biosynthesize maytansine. As a result, we found a consortium of seven endophytes involved in maytansine production in G. heterophylla, based on genome mining and gene expression experiments. Subsequently, we evaluated the friedelin synthase (FRS) gene's expression level in response to biosynthesized 20-hydroxymaytenin in the plant. We found that the FRS expression level was elevated and linked with the expression of the maytansine biosynthetic genes. Thus, we achieved our goals and provided new evidence on endophyte-endophyte and plant-endophyte interactions, focusing on maytansine production and its impact on plant metabolite biosynthesis in G. heterophylla.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thanet Pitakbut
- Technical Biochemistry, Department of Biochemical and Chemical Engineering, TU Dortmund University, 44227 Dortmund, Germany;
| | - Michael Spiteller
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Institute of Environmental Research (INFU), TU Dortmund University, 44227 Dortmund, Germany;
| | - Oliver Kayser
- Technical Biochemistry, Department of Biochemical and Chemical Engineering, TU Dortmund University, 44227 Dortmund, Germany;
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In Vitro Antitumor Activity of Endophytic and Rhizosphere Gram-Positive Bacteria from Ibervillea sonorae (S. Watson) Greene against L5178Y-R Lymphoma Cells. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19020894. [PMID: 35055716 PMCID: PMC8775836 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19020894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2021] [Revised: 12/31/2021] [Accepted: 01/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Plant-associated microorganisms represent a potential source of new antitumor compounds. The aim of the present study was to isolate endophytic and rhizosphere Gram-positive bacteria from Ibervillea sonorae and produce extracts with antitumor activity. Methanol and ethyl acetate extracts were obtained from 28 d bacterial fermentation, after which murine L5178Y-R lymphoma cells growth inhibition was evaluated at concentrations ranging from 15.62 µg/mL to 500 µg/mL by the 3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5 diphenyl tetrazolium bromide reduction colorimetric assay. IC50 and the selectivity index (SI) were calculated and compared with healthy control human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC). Identification of the isolated strains was performed using the 16S ribosomal gene and by MALDI-TOF MS mass spectrometry. The endophytic and rhizosphere bacterial extracts from strains ISE-B22, ISE-B26, ISE-B27, ISS-A01, ISS-A06, and ISS-A16 showed significant (p < 0.05) L5178Y-R cell growth inhibition, compared with an untreated control. The rhizosphere Micromonospora echinospora isolate ISS-A16 showed the highest (90.48%) percentage of lymphoma cells growth inhibition and SI (19.1) for PBMC, whereas the Bacillus subtilis ISE-B26 isolate caused significant (p < 0.01) growth inhibition (84.32%) and a SI of 5.2. Taken together, results of the present study evidenced antitumor effects by I. sonorae endophytic and rhizosphere bacteria culture extracts. Further research will involve the elucidation of the compounds that exert the antitumor activity and their evaluation in pre-clinical studies.
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Chu LL, Bae H. Bacterial endophytes from ginseng and their biotechnological application. J Ginseng Res 2022; 46:1-10. [PMID: 35035239 PMCID: PMC8753428 DOI: 10.1016/j.jgr.2021.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2020] [Revised: 03/30/2021] [Accepted: 04/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Ginseng has been well-known as a medicinal plant for thousands of years. Bacterial endophytes ubiquitously colonize the inside tissues of ginseng without any disease symptoms. The identification of bacterial endophytes is conducted through either the internal transcribed spacer region combined with ribosomal sequences or metagenomics. Bacterial endophyte communities differ in their diversity and composition profile, depending on the geographical location, cultivation condition, and tissue, age, and species of ginseng. Bacterial endophytes have a significant effect on the growth of ginseng through indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) and siderophore production, phosphate solubilization, and nitrogen fixation. Moreover, bacterial endophytes can protect ginseng by acting as biocontrol agents. Interestingly, bacterial endophytes isolated from Panax species have the potential to produce ginsenosides and bioactive metabolites, which can be used in the production of food and medicine. The ability of bacterial endophytes to transform major ginsenosides into minor ginsenosides using β-glucosidase is gaining increasing attention as a promising biotechnology. Recently, metabolic engineering has accelerated the possibilities for potential applications of bacterial endophytes in producing beneficial secondary metabolites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luan Luong Chu
- Faculty of Biotechnology, Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Phenikaa University, Hanoi, Viet Nam
- Bioresource Research Center, Phenikaa University, Hanoi, Viet Nam
| | - Hanhong Bae
- Department of Biotechnology, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, Republic of Korea
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Analysis of rhizobacterial community associated with the occurrence of Ganoderma basal stem rot disease in oil palm by Illumina next-generation sequencing. Arch Microbiol 2021; 204:31. [DOI: 10.1007/s00203-021-02670-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2021] [Revised: 10/15/2021] [Accepted: 10/17/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Lally RD, Donaleshen K, Chirwa U, Eastridge K, Saintilnord W, Dickinson E, Murphy R, Borst S, Horgan K, Dawson K. Transcriptomic Response of Huanglongbing-Infected Citrus sinensis Following Field Application of a Microbial Fermentation Product. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:754391. [PMID: 34917102 PMCID: PMC8669595 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.754391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2021] [Accepted: 11/05/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Huanglongbing (HLB) is considered the most destructive disease in Citrus production and threatens the future of the industry. Microbial-derived defense elicitors have gained recognition for their role in plant defense priming. This work assessed a 5% (V/V) microbial fermentation application (MFA) and its role in the elicitation of defense responses in HLB-infected Citrus sinensis trees following a foliar application with a pump sprayer. Using a PCR detection method, HLB infection levels were monitored in healthy and infected trees for 20months. Nutrient analysis assessed N, P, K, Ca, Mg, Mn, Zn, Fe, B, and Cu concentrations in the trees. MFA significantly increased Cu concentrations in treated trees and resulted in the stabilization of disease index (DI) in infected trees. Initial real-time qPCR analysis of defense-associated genes showed a significant increase in pathogenesis-related protein 2 (PR2) and phenylalanine ammonia lyase (PAL) gene expression in healthy and HLB-infected trees in response to MFA. Gene expression of PR2 and PAL peaked 6h post-microbial fermentation application during an 8-h sampling period. A transcriptomic assessment using GeneChip microarray of the hour 6 samples revealed differential expression of 565 genes when MFA was applied to healthy trees and 909 genes when applied infected citrus trees when compared to their respective controls. There were 403 uniquely differentially expressed genes in response to MFA following an intersectional analysis of both healthy and infected citrus trees. The transcriptomic analysis revealed that several genes associated with plant development, growth, and defense were upregulated in response to MFA, including multiple PR genes, lignin formation genes, ROS-related genes, hormone synthases, and hormone regulators. This study provides further evidence that MFA may play an important role as a plant elicitor in an integrated pest management strategy in citrus and other agronomically important crops.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Wesley Saintilnord
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United States
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Panichikkal J, Jose A, Sreekumaran S, Ashokan AK, Baby CS, Krishnankutty RE. Biofilm and Biocontrol Modulation of Paenibacillus sp. CCB36 by Supplementation with Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles and Chitosan Nanoparticles. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2021; 194:1606-1620. [PMID: 34822058 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-021-03710-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2021] [Accepted: 10/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Endophytic bacteria with multi-trait plant beneficial features have applications to enhance agricultural productivity by supporting the plant growth, yield, and disease resistance. In this study, Paenibacillus sp. CCB36 was isolated from the rhizome of Curcuma caesia Roxb., and its biofilm formation and antifungal properties have been evaluated in the presence of nanoparticles. Chitosan nanoparticles (CNPs) were synthesized and characterized by UV-visible spectrophotometry, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, high-resolution-transmission electron microscopic (HR-TEM) analysis, scanning electron microscopic (SEM) analysis, and dynamic light scattering (DLS). The effect of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnONPs) and CNPs on biofilm formation of Paenibacillus sp. CCB36 was evaluated by tissue culture plate assay. ZnONPs reduced its biofilm formation and was found to get modulated in the presence of CNPs as revealed by atomic force microscopy (AFM). Hence, CNPs were selected for further studies. Interestingly, biocontrol property of Paenibacillus sp. CCB36 against Rhizoctonia solani was also found to get enhanced when supplemented with chitosan nanoparticles. The results of the study indicate application of nanoparticles to improve colonization and active functioning of endophytic bacteria which can have significant application in agriculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jishma Panichikkal
- School of Biosciences, Mahatma Gandhi University, PD Hills (PO), Kottayam, Kerala, India, 686 560
| | - Ashitha Jose
- School of Biosciences, Mahatma Gandhi University, PD Hills (PO), Kottayam, Kerala, India, 686 560
| | - Sreejith Sreekumaran
- School of Biosciences, Mahatma Gandhi University, PD Hills (PO), Kottayam, Kerala, India, 686 560
| | | | - Cimmiya Susan Baby
- Department of Biosciences, M.E.S. College, Marampally (PO), Aluva, Kerala, India, 683 107
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Ujvári G, Turrini A, Avio L, Agnolucci M. Possible role of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and associated bacteria in the recruitment of endophytic bacterial communities by plant roots. MYCORRHIZA 2021; 31:527-544. [PMID: 34286366 PMCID: PMC8484141 DOI: 10.1007/s00572-021-01040-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2021] [Accepted: 06/17/2021] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) represent an important group of root symbionts, given the key role they play in the enhancement of plant nutrition, health, and product quality. The services provided by AMF often are facilitated by large and diverse beneficial bacterial communities, closely associated with spores, sporocarps, and extraradical mycelium, showing different functional activities, such as N2 fixation, nutrient mobilization, and plant hormone, antibiotic, and siderophore production and also mycorrhizal establishment promotion, leading to the enhancement of host plant performance. The potential functional complementarity of AMF and associated microbiota poses a key question as to whether members of AMF-associated bacterial communities can colonize the root system after establishment of mycorrhizas, thereby becoming endophytic. Root endophytic bacterial communities are currently studied for the benefits provided to host plants in the form of growth promotion, stress reduction, inhibition of plant pathogens, and plant hormone release. Their quantitative and qualitative composition is influenced by many factors, such as geographical location, soil type, host genotype, and cultivation practices. Recent data suggest that an additional factor affecting bacterial endophyte recruitment could be AMF and their associated bacteria, even though the mechanisms allowing members of AMF-associated bacterial communities to actually establish in the root system, becoming endophytic, remain to be determined. Given the diverse plant growth-promoting properties shown by AMF-associated bacteria, further studies are needed to understand whether AMF may represent suitable tools to introduce beneficial root endophytes in sustainable and organic agriculture where the functioning of such multipartite association may be crucial for crop production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gergely Ujvári
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Pisa, 56124, Pisa, Italy
| | - Alessandra Turrini
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Pisa, 56124, Pisa, Italy
| | - Luciano Avio
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Pisa, 56124, Pisa, Italy
| | - Monica Agnolucci
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Pisa, 56124, Pisa, Italy.
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Liang D, Guo J, Hou F, Bowatte S. High level of conservation and diversity among the endophytic seed bacteriome in eight alpine grassland species growing at the Qinghai Tibetan Plateau. FEMS Microbiol Ecol 2021; 97:6246421. [PMID: 33885767 DOI: 10.1093/femsec/fiab060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2020] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Seed borne microorganisms play an important role in plant biology. Concerns have recently been raised about loss of seed microbial diversity by seed treatments, crop domestication and plant breeding. Information on the seed microbiomes of native plants growing in natural ecosystems is beneficial as they provide the best settings to detect indigenous plant microbe interactions. Here, we characterized the seed bacterial community of 8 native alpine grassland plants. First, seed bacterial diversity was examined using Illumina DNA sequencing, then 28 cultivable bacteria were isolated and potential functions were explored. Across 8 plant species, 343 different bacterial genera were identified as seed endophytes, 31 of those were found in all plant species, indicating a high level of conservation. Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria, Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes and Chloroflexi were the top five dominant phyla. Plant species identity was a key determinant shaping the seed endophytic bacteriome. ACC deaminase activity, siderophores production and secretion of lytic enzymes were common functions shown by isolated bacteria. Our results demonstrate that highly diverse and beneficial bacterial populations are hosted by seeds of alpine grassland species to ensure the establishment of best bacterial symbionts for the next generation. This information is useful for crop improvement by reinstating beneficial seed microbial diversities for high-quality forage and crop seeds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danni Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-ecosystems, Key Laboratory of Grassland Livestock Industry Innovation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Jiayuguan West Roadd 768, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730020, China
| | - Jianxiu Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-ecosystems, Key Laboratory of Grassland Livestock Industry Innovation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Jiayuguan West Roadd 768, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730020, China
| | - Fujiang Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-ecosystems, Key Laboratory of Grassland Livestock Industry Innovation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Jiayuguan West Roadd 768, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730020, China
| | - Saman Bowatte
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-ecosystems, Key Laboratory of Grassland Livestock Industry Innovation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Jiayuguan West Roadd 768, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730020, China.,AgResearch Limited, Grasslands Research Center, Tennent Drive, Private Bag 11008, Palmerston North 4442, New Zealand
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Strategies for enhancing terpenoids accumulation in microalgae. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2021; 105:4919-4930. [PMID: 34125275 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-021-11368-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2021] [Revised: 05/17/2021] [Accepted: 05/25/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Terpenoids represent one of the largest class of chemicals in nature, which play important roles in food and pharmaceutical fields due to diverse biological and pharmacological activities. Microorganisms are recognized as a promising source of terpenoids due to its short growth cycle and sustainability. Importantly, microalgae can fix inorganic carbon through photosynthesis for the growth of themselves and the biosynthesis of various terpenoids. Moreover, microalgae possess effective biosynthesis pathways of terpenoids, both the eukaryotic mevalonic acid (MVA) pathway and the prokaryotic methyl-D-erythritol 4-phosphate (MEP) pathway. In recent years, various genetic engineering strategies have been applied to increase target terpenoid yields, including overexpression of the rate-limited enzymes and inhibition of the competing pathways. However, since gene-editing tools are only built in some model microalgae, fermentation strategies that are easier to be operated have been widely successful in promoting the production of terpenoids, such as changing culture conditions and addition of chemical additives. In addition, an economical and effective downstream process is also an important consideration for the industrial production of terpenoids, and the solvent extraction and the supercritical fluid extraction method are the most commonly used strategies, especially in the industrial production of β-carotene and astaxanthin from microalgae. In this review, recent advancements and novel strategies used for terpenoid production are concluded and discussed, and new insights to move the field forward are proposed. KEY POINTS: • The MEP pathway is more stoichiometrically efficient than the MVA pathway. • Advanced genetic engineering and fermentation strategies can increase terpene yield. • SFE has a higher recovery of carotenoids than solvent extraction.
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