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Rodó X, Pozdniakova S, Borràs S, Matsuki A, Tanimoto H, Armengol MP, Pey I, Vila J, Muñoz L, Santamaria S, Cañas L, Morguí JA, Fontal A, Curcoll R. Microbial richness and air chemistry in aerosols above the PBL confirm 2,000-km long-distance transport of potential human pathogens. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2024; 121:e2404191121. [PMID: 39250672 PMCID: PMC11420185 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2404191121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2024] [Accepted: 07/09/2024] [Indexed: 09/11/2024] Open
Abstract
The existence of viable human pathogens in bioaerosols which can cause infection or affect human health has been the subject of little research. In this study, data provided by 10 tropospheric aircraft surveys over Japan in 2014 confirm the existence of a vast diversity of microbial species up to 3,000 m height, which can be dispersed above the planetary boundary layer over distances of up to 2,000 km, thanks to strong winds from an area covered with massive cereal croplands in Northeast (NE) Asia. Microbes attached to aerosols reveal the presence of diverse bacterial and fungal taxa, including potential human pathogens, originating from sewage, pesticides, or fertilizers. Over 266 different fungal and 305 bacterial genera appeared in the 10 aircraft transects. Actinobacteria, Bacillota, Proteobacteria, and Bacteroidetes phyla dominated the bacteria composition and, for fungi, Ascomycota prevailed over Basidiomycota. Among the pathogenic species identified, human pathogens include bacteria such as Escherichia coli, Serratia marcescens, Prevotella melaninogenica, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Staphylococcus haemolyticus, Staphylococcus saprophyticus, Cutibacterium acnes, Clostridium difficile, Clostridium botulinum, Stenotrophomonas maltophilia, Shigella sonnei, Haemophillus parainfluenzae and Acinetobacter baumannii and health-relevant fungi such as Malassezia restricta, Malassezia globosa, Candida parapsilosis and Candida zeylanoides, Sarocladium kiliense, Cladosporium halotolerans, and Cladosporium herbarum. Diversity estimates were similar at heights and surface when entrainment of air from high altitudes occurred. Natural antimicrobial-resistant bacteria (ARB) cultured from air samples were found indicating long-distance spread of ARB and microbial viability. This would represent a novel way to disperse both viable human pathogens and resistance genes among distant geographical regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xavier Rodó
- Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA), Barcelona08010, Spain
- Climate and Health Group, Climate, Air pollution, Nature and Urban Health, Barcelona Institute for Global Health, Barcelona08003, Spain
| | - Sofya Pozdniakova
- Climate and Health Group, Climate, Air pollution, Nature and Urban Health, Barcelona Institute for Global Health, Barcelona08003, Spain
| | - Sílvia Borràs
- Climate and Health Group, Climate, Air pollution, Nature and Urban Health, Barcelona Institute for Global Health, Barcelona08003, Spain
| | - Atsushi Matsuki
- Division of Atmospheric Environmental Studies, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa920-1164, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Tanimoto
- Earth System Division, National Institute for Environmental Studies, Tsukuba305-8506, Japan
| | - Maria-Pilar Armengol
- Translational Genomics Facility, Fundació Institut de Recerca en Ciències de la Salut Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona08916, Spain
| | - Irina Pey
- Translational Genomics Facility, Fundació Institut de Recerca en Ciències de la Salut Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona08916, Spain
| | - Jordi Vila
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Biomedical Diagnostic Center, Hospital Clinic School of Medicine, University of Barcelona, Barcelona08036, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Infecciosas, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid28029, Spain
| | - Laura Muñoz
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Biomedical Diagnostic Center, Hospital Clinic School of Medicine, University of Barcelona, Barcelona08036, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Infecciosas, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid28029, Spain
| | - Samuel Santamaria
- Climate and Health Group, Climate, Air pollution, Nature and Urban Health, Barcelona Institute for Global Health, Barcelona08003, Spain
| | - Lidia Cañas
- Climate and Health Group, Climate, Air pollution, Nature and Urban Health, Barcelona Institute for Global Health, Barcelona08003, Spain
| | - Josep-Anton Morguí
- Climate and Health Group, Climate, Air pollution, Nature and Urban Health, Barcelona Institute for Global Health, Barcelona08003, Spain
| | - Alejandro Fontal
- Climate and Health Group, Climate, Air pollution, Nature and Urban Health, Barcelona Institute for Global Health, Barcelona08003, Spain
- Department of Microbiology, Genetics and Statistics, Faculty of Biology, University of Barcelona, Barcelona08028, Spain
| | - Roger Curcoll
- Ionising Radiation, Health and Environment, Institute of Energy Technologies, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, Barcelona08028, Spain
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Wang F, Chen Y, Zhou S, Li H, Wan C, Yan K, Zhang H, Xu Z. Aerosol sources and transport paths co-control the atmospheric bacterial diversity over the coastal East China Sea. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2024; 205:116589. [PMID: 38875970 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2024.116589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2024] [Revised: 05/07/2024] [Accepted: 06/09/2024] [Indexed: 06/16/2024]
Abstract
Airborne bacteria along with chemical composition of aerosols were investigated during five sampling seasons at an offshore island of the East China Sea. Bacterial diversity was the lowest in spring, the highest in winter, and similar between the autumns of 2019 and 2020, suggesting remarkably seasonal variation but little interannual change. Geodermatophilus (Actinobacteria) was the indicator genus of mineral dust (MD) showed higher proportion in spring than in other seasons. Mastigocladopsis_PCC-10914 (Cyanobacteria) as the indicator of sea salt (SS) demonstrated the highest percentages in both autumns, when the air masses mainly passed over the ocean prior to the sampling site. The higher proportions of soil-derived genera Rubellimicrobium and Craurococcus (both Proteobacteria) and extremophile Chroococcidiopsis_SAG_2023 (Cyanobacteria) were found in summer and winter, respectively. Our study explores the linkage between aerosol source and transport path and bacterial composition, which has implication to understanding of land-sea transmission of bacterial taxa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fanghui Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution Prevention, Department of Environmental Science & Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Ying Chen
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution Prevention, Department of Environmental Science & Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China; State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Land and Sea Ecological Governance and Systematic Regulation, Jinan, Shandong 250101, China; Institute of Eco-Chongming (IEC), National Observations and Research Station for Wetland Ecosystems of the Yangtze Estuary, Shanghai 200062, China.
| | - Shengqian Zhou
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution Prevention, Department of Environmental Science & Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Haowen Li
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution Prevention, Department of Environmental Science & Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Chunli Wan
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution Prevention, Department of Environmental Science & Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Ke Yan
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution Prevention, Department of Environmental Science & Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Hongliang Zhang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution Prevention, Department of Environmental Science & Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China; State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Land and Sea Ecological Governance and Systematic Regulation, Jinan, Shandong 250101, China
| | - Zongjun Xu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution Prevention, Department of Environmental Science & Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
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Agarwal V, Abd El E, Danelli SG, Gatta E, Massabò D, Mazzei F, Meier B, Prati P, Vernocchi V, Wang J. Influence of CO 2 and Dust on the Survival of Non-Resistant and Multi-Resistant Airborne E. coli Strains. Antibiotics (Basel) 2024; 13:558. [PMID: 38927224 PMCID: PMC11201083 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics13060558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2024] [Revised: 06/11/2024] [Accepted: 06/12/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The airborne transmission of bacterial pathogens poses a significant challenge to public health, especially with the emergence of antibiotic-resistant strains. This study investigated environmental factors influencing the survival of airborne bacteria, focusing on the effects of different carbon dioxide (CO2) and dust concentrations. The experiments were conducted in an atmospheric simulation chamber using the non-resistant wild-type E. coli K12 (JM109) and a multi-resistant variant (JM109-pEC958). Different CO2 (100 ppm, 800 ppm, 3000 ppm) and dust concentrations (250 µg m-3, 500 µg m-3, 2000 µg m-3) were tested to encompass a wide range of CO2 and dust levels. The results revealed that JM109-pEC958 exhibited greater resilience to high CO2 and dust concentrations compared to its non-resistant counterpart. At 3000 ppm CO2, the survival rate of JM109 was significantly reduced, while the survival rate of JM109-pEC958 remained unaffected. At the dust concentration of 250 µg m-3, JM109 exhibited significantly reduced survival, whereas JM109-pEC958 did not. When the dust concentration was increased to 500 and 2000 µg m-3, even the JM109-pEC958 experienced substantially reduced survival rates, which were still significantly higher than those of its non-resistant counterpart at these concentrations. These findings suggest that multi-resistant E. coli strains possess mechanisms enabling them to endure extreme environmental conditions better than non-resistant strains, potentially involving regulatory genes or efflux pumps. The study underscores the importance of understanding bacterial adaptation strategies to develop effective mitigation approaches against antibiotic-resistant bacteria in atmospheric environments. Overall, this study provides valuable insights into the interplay between environmental stressors and bacterial survival, serving as a foundational step towards elucidating the adaptation mechanisms of multi-resistant bacteria and informing strategies for combating antibiotic resistance in the atmosphere.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viktoria Agarwal
- Institute of Environmental Engineering, ETH Zurich, 8983 Zurich, Switzerland; (V.A.); (B.M.)
- Laboratory for Advanced Analytical Technologies, Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, 8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland
| | - Elena Abd El
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Genova, Via Dodecaneso 33, 16146 Genoa, Italy; (E.A.E.); (S.G.D.); (E.G.); (D.M.); (F.M.); (P.P.)
- INFN—Sezione di Genova, Via Dodecaneso 33, 16146 Genoa, Italy;
| | - Silvia Giulia Danelli
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Genova, Via Dodecaneso 33, 16146 Genoa, Italy; (E.A.E.); (S.G.D.); (E.G.); (D.M.); (F.M.); (P.P.)
- INFN—Sezione di Genova, Via Dodecaneso 33, 16146 Genoa, Italy;
| | - Elena Gatta
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Genova, Via Dodecaneso 33, 16146 Genoa, Italy; (E.A.E.); (S.G.D.); (E.G.); (D.M.); (F.M.); (P.P.)
| | - Dario Massabò
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Genova, Via Dodecaneso 33, 16146 Genoa, Italy; (E.A.E.); (S.G.D.); (E.G.); (D.M.); (F.M.); (P.P.)
- INFN—Sezione di Genova, Via Dodecaneso 33, 16146 Genoa, Italy;
| | - Federico Mazzei
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Genova, Via Dodecaneso 33, 16146 Genoa, Italy; (E.A.E.); (S.G.D.); (E.G.); (D.M.); (F.M.); (P.P.)
- INFN—Sezione di Genova, Via Dodecaneso 33, 16146 Genoa, Italy;
| | - Benedikt Meier
- Institute of Environmental Engineering, ETH Zurich, 8983 Zurich, Switzerland; (V.A.); (B.M.)
| | - Paolo Prati
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Genova, Via Dodecaneso 33, 16146 Genoa, Italy; (E.A.E.); (S.G.D.); (E.G.); (D.M.); (F.M.); (P.P.)
- INFN—Sezione di Genova, Via Dodecaneso 33, 16146 Genoa, Italy;
| | | | - Jing Wang
- Institute of Environmental Engineering, ETH Zurich, 8983 Zurich, Switzerland; (V.A.); (B.M.)
- Laboratory for Advanced Analytical Technologies, Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, 8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland
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Chen Y, Fu X, Ou Z, Li J, Lin S, Wu Y, Wang X, Deng Y, Sun Y. Environmental determinants and demographic influences on global urban microbiomes, antimicrobial resistance and pathogenicity. NPJ Biofilms Microbiomes 2023; 9:94. [PMID: 38062054 PMCID: PMC10703778 DOI: 10.1038/s41522-023-00459-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Urban microbiome plays crucial roles in human health and are related to various diseases. The MetaSUB Consortium has conducted the most comprehensive global survey of urban microbiomes to date, profiling microbial taxa/functional genes across 60 cities worldwide. However, the influence of environmental/demographic factors on urban microbiome remains to be elucidated. We collected 35 environmental and demographic characteristics to examine their effects on global urban microbiome diversity/composition by PERMANOVA and regression models. PM10 concentration was the primary determinant factor positively associated with microbial α-diversity (observed species: p = 0.004, β = 1.66, R2 = 0.46; Fisher's alpha: p = 0.005, β = 0.68, R2 = 0.43), whereas GDP per capita was negatively associated (observed species: p = 0.046, β = -0.70, R2 = 0.10; Fisher's alpha: p = 0.004, β = -0.34, R2 = 0.22). The β-diversity of urban microbiome was shaped by seven environmental characteristics, including Köppen climate type, vegetation type, greenness fraction, soil type, PM2.5 concentration, annual average precipitation and temperature (PERMANOVA, p < 0.001, R2 = 0.01-0.06), cumulatively accounted for 20.3% of the microbial community variance. Canonical correspondence analysis (CCA) identified microbial species most strongly associated with environmental characteristic variation. Cities in East Asia with higher precipitation showed an increased abundance of Corynebacterium metruchotii, and cities in America with a higher greenness fraction exhibited a higher abundance of Corynebacterium casei. The prevalence of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) genes were negatively associated with GDP per capita and positively associated with solar radiation (p < 0.005). Total pathogens prevalence was positively associated with urban population and negatively associated with average temperature in June (p < 0.05). Our study presents the first comprehensive analysis of the influence of environmental/demographic characteristics on global urban microbiome. Our findings indicate that managing air quality and urban greenness is essential for regulating urban microbial diversity and composition. Meanwhile, socio-economic considerations, particularly reducing antibiotic usage in regions with lower GDP, are paramount in curbing the spread of antimicrobial resistance in urban environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Protein Function and Regulation in Agricultural Organisms, College of Life Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Xi Fu
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center of Public Health Detection and Assessment, School of Public Health, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, 510006, Guangzhou, P. R. China.
| | - Zheyuan Ou
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Protein Function and Regulation in Agricultural Organisms, College of Life Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Jiang Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Protein Function and Regulation in Agricultural Organisms, College of Life Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Simiao Lin
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Protein Function and Regulation in Agricultural Organisms, College of Life Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Yaoxuan Wu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Protein Function and Regulation in Agricultural Organisms, College of Life Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Xuwei Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Protein Function and Regulation in Agricultural Organisms, College of Life Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Yiqun Deng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Protein Function and Regulation in Agricultural Organisms, College of Life Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, P. R. China.
| | - Yu Sun
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Protein Function and Regulation in Agricultural Organisms, College of Life Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, P. R. China.
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Sajjad B, Hussain S, Rasool K, Hassan M, Almomani F. Comprehensive insights into advances in ambient bioaerosols sampling, analysis and factors influencing bioaerosols composition. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2023; 336:122473. [PMID: 37659632 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.122473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2023] [Revised: 08/20/2023] [Accepted: 08/27/2023] [Indexed: 09/04/2023]
Abstract
While the study of bioaerosols has a long history, it has garnered heightened interest in the past few years, focusing on both culture-dependent and independent sampling and analysis approaches. Observations have been made regarding the seasonal fluctuations in microbial communities and their connection to particular ambient atmospheric factors. The study of airborne microbial communities is important in public health and atmospheric processes. Nevertheless, the establishment of standardized protocols for evaluating airborne microbial communities and utilizing microbial taxonomy as a means to identify distinct bioaerosols sources and seasonal patterns remains relatively unexplored. This article discusses the challenges and limitations of ambient bioaerosols sampling and analysis, including the lack of standardized methods and the heterogeneity of sources. Future prospects in the field of bioaerosols, including the use of high-throughput sequencing technologies, omics studies, spectroscopy and fluorescence-based monitoring to provide comprehensive incite on metabolic capacity, and activity are also presented. Furthermore, the review highlights the factors that affect bioaerosols composition, including seasonality, atmospheric conditions, and pollution levels. Overall, this review provides a valuable resource for researchers, policymakers, and stakeholders interested in understanding and managing bioaerosols in various environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bilal Sajjad
- Qatar Environment and Energy Research Institute (QEERI), Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Qatar Foundation, P.O. Box 5825, Doha, Qatar; Department of Chemical Engineering, Qatar University, P. O. Box 2713, Doha, Qatar
| | - Sabir Hussain
- Department of Environmental Science, Institute of Space Technology, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Kashif Rasool
- Qatar Environment and Energy Research Institute (QEERI), Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Qatar Foundation, P.O. Box 5825, Doha, Qatar.
| | - Mujtaba Hassan
- Department of Environmental Science, Institute of Space Technology, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Fares Almomani
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Qatar University, P. O. Box 2713, Doha, Qatar
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Zoran MA, Savastru RS, Savastru DM, Tautan MN. Peculiar weather patterns effects on air pollution and COVID-19 spread in Tokyo metropolis. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 228:115907. [PMID: 37080275 PMCID: PMC10111861 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.115907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2023] [Revised: 04/11/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
As a pandemic hotspot in Japan, between March 1, 2020-October 1, 2022, Tokyo metropolis experienced seven COVID-19 waves. Motivated by the high rate of COVID-19 incidence and mortality during the seventh wave, and environmental/health challenges we conducted a time-series analysis to investigate the long-term interaction of air quality and climate variability with viral pandemic in Tokyo. Through daily time series geospatial and observational air pollution/climate data, and COVID-19 incidence and death cases, this study compared the environmental conditions during COVID-19 multiwaves. In spite of five State of Emergency (SOEs) restrictions associated with COVID-19 pandemic, during (2020-2022) period air quality recorded low improvements relative to (2015-2019) average annual values, namely: Aerosol Optical Depth increased by 9.13% in 2020 year, and declined by 6.64% in 2021, and 12.03% in 2022; particulate matter PM2.5 and PM10 decreased during 2020, 2021, and 2022 years by 10.22%, 62.26%, 0.39%, and respectively by 4.42%, 3.95%, 5.76%. For (2021-2022) period the average ratio of PM2.5/PM10 was (0.319 ± 0.1640), showing a higher contribution to aerosol loading of traffic-related coarse particles in comparison with fine particles. The highest rates of the daily recorded COVID-19 incidence and death cases in Tokyo during the seventh COVID-19 wave (1 July 2022-1 October 2022) may be attributed to accumulation near the ground of high levels of air pollutants and viral pathogens due to: 1) peculiar persistent atmospheric anticyclonic circulation with strong positive anomalies of geopotential height at 500 hPa; 2) lower levels of Planetary Boundary Layer (PBL) heights; 3) high daily maximum air temperature and land surface temperature due to the prolonged heat waves (HWs) in summer 2022; 4) no imposed restrictions. Such findings can guide public decision-makers to design proper strategies to curb pandemics under persistent stable anticyclonic weather conditions and summer HWs in large metropolitan areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria A Zoran
- IT Department, National Institute of R&D for Optoelectronics, Atomistilor Street 409, MG5, Magurele-Bucharest, 077125, Romania.
| | - Roxana S Savastru
- IT Department, National Institute of R&D for Optoelectronics, Atomistilor Street 409, MG5, Magurele-Bucharest, 077125, Romania
| | - Dan M Savastru
- IT Department, National Institute of R&D for Optoelectronics, Atomistilor Street 409, MG5, Magurele-Bucharest, 077125, Romania
| | - Marina N Tautan
- IT Department, National Institute of R&D for Optoelectronics, Atomistilor Street 409, MG5, Magurele-Bucharest, 077125, Romania
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Bao Y, Chen Y, Wang F, Xu Z, Zhou S, Sun R, Wu X, Yan K. East Asian monsoon manipulates the richness and taxonomic composition of airborne bacteria over China coastal area. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 875:162581. [PMID: 36889406 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.162581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2022] [Revised: 01/23/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Airborne bacteria may have significant impacts on aerosol properties, public health and ecosystem depending on their taxonomic composition and transport. This study investigated the seasonal and spatial variations of bacterial composition and richness over the east coast of China and the roles of East Asian monsoon played through synchronous sampling and 16S rRNA sequencing analysis of airborne bacteria at Huaniao island of the East China Sea (ECS) and the urban and rural sites of Shanghai. Airborne bacteria showed higher richness over the land sites than Huaniao island with the highest values found in the urban and rural springs associated with the growing plants. For the island, the maximal richness occurred in winter as the result of prevailing terrestrial winds controlled by East Asian winter monsoon. Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria and Cyanobacteria were found to be top three phyla, together accounting for 75 % of total airborne bacteria. Radiation-resistant Deinococcus, Methylobacterium belonging to Rhizobiales (related to vegetation) and Mastigocladopsis_PCC_10914 originating from marine ecosystem were indicator genera for urban, rural and island sites, respectively. The Bray-Curits dissimilarity of taxonomic composition between the island and two land sites was the lowest in winter with the representative genera over island also typically from the soil. Our results reveal that seasonal change of monsoon wind directions evidently affects the richness and taxonomic composition of airborne bacteria in China coastal area. Particularly, prevailing terrestrial winds lead to the dominance of land-derived bacteria over the coastal ECS which may have a potential impact on marine ecosystem.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Bao
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution Prevention, Department of Environmental Science & Engineering, Institute of Atmospheric Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Ying Chen
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution Prevention, Department of Environmental Science & Engineering, Institute of Atmospheric Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China; Institute of Eco-Chongming (IEC), National Observations and Research Station for Wetland Ecosystems of the Yangtze Estuary, Shanghai 202162, China.
| | - Fanghui Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution Prevention, Department of Environmental Science & Engineering, Institute of Atmospheric Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Zongjun Xu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution Prevention, Department of Environmental Science & Engineering, Institute of Atmospheric Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Shengqian Zhou
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution Prevention, Department of Environmental Science & Engineering, Institute of Atmospheric Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Ruihua Sun
- Pudong New District Environmental Monitoring Station, Shanghai 200135, China
| | - Xiaowei Wu
- School of Environmental and Geographical Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai 200233, China
| | - Ke Yan
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution Prevention, Department of Environmental Science & Engineering, Institute of Atmospheric Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
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8
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Archer SDJ, Lee KC, Caruso T, Alcami A, Araya JG, Cary SC, Cowan DA, Etchebehere C, Gantsetseg B, Gomez-Silva B, Hartery S, Hogg ID, Kansour MK, Lawrence T, Lee CK, Lee PKH, Leopold M, Leung MHY, Maki T, McKay CP, Al Mailem DM, Ramond JB, Rastrojo A, Šantl-Temkiv T, Sun HJ, Tong X, Vandenbrink B, Warren-Rhodes KA, Pointing SB. Contribution of soil bacteria to the atmosphere across biomes. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 871:162137. [PMID: 36775167 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.162137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2022] [Revised: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The dispersion of microorganisms through the atmosphere is a continual and essential process that underpins biogeography and ecosystem development and function. Despite the ubiquity of atmospheric microorganisms globally, specific knowledge of the determinants of atmospheric microbial diversity at any given location remains unresolved. Here we describe bacterial diversity in the atmospheric boundary layer and underlying soil at twelve globally distributed locations encompassing all major biomes, and characterise the contribution of local and distant soils to the observed atmospheric community. Across biomes the diversity of bacteria in the atmosphere was negatively correlated with mean annual precipitation but positively correlated to mean annual temperature. We identified distinct non-randomly assembled atmosphere and soil communities from each location, and some broad trends persisted across biomes including the enrichment of desiccation and UV tolerant taxa in the atmospheric community. Source tracking revealed that local soils were more influential than distant soil sources in determining observed diversity in the atmosphere, with more emissive semi-arid and arid biomes contributing most to signatures from distant soil. Our findings highlight complexities in the atmospheric microbiota that are relevant to understanding regional and global ecosystem connectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen D J Archer
- School of Science, Auckland University of Technology, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Kevin C Lee
- School of Science, Auckland University of Technology, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Tancredi Caruso
- School of Biology and Environmental Science, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Antonio Alcami
- Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Jonathan G Araya
- Instituto Antofagasta, Universidad de Antofagasta, Antofagasta, Chile
| | - S Craig Cary
- School of Science, University of Waikato, Hamilton, New Zealand
| | - Don A Cowan
- Centre for Microbial Ecology and Genomics, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Claudia Etchebehere
- Biological Research Institute Clemente Estable, Ministry of Education, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | | | - Benito Gomez-Silva
- Departamento Biomédico and CeBiB, Universidad de Antofagasta, Antofagasta, Chile
| | - Sean Hartery
- School of Physical and Chemical Sciences, University of Canterbury, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Ian D Hogg
- School of Science, University of Waikato, Hamilton, New Zealand; Canadian High Arctic Research Station, Cambridge Bay, Nunavut, Canada
| | - Mayada K Kansour
- Department of Biological Sciences, Kuwait University, Kuwait City, Kuwait
| | - Timothy Lawrence
- School of Science, Auckland University of Technology, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Charles K Lee
- School of Science, University of Waikato, Hamilton, New Zealand
| | - Patrick K H Lee
- School of Energy and Environment, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Matthias Leopold
- UWA School of Agriculture and Environment, University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
| | - Marcus H Y Leung
- School of Energy and Environment, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Teruya Maki
- Department of Life Sciences, Kindai University, Osaka, Japan
| | | | - Dina M Al Mailem
- Department of Biological Sciences, Kuwait University, Kuwait City, Kuwait
| | - Jean-Baptiste Ramond
- Centre for Microbial Ecology and Genomics, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa; Departamento de Genética Molecular y Microbiología, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Alberto Rastrojo
- Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Henry J Sun
- Desert Research Institute, Las Vegas, NV, USA
| | - Xinzhao Tong
- School of Energy and Environment, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; Department of Biological Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong-Liverpool University, Suzhou, China
| | - Bryan Vandenbrink
- Canadian High Arctic Research Station, Cambridge Bay, Nunavut, Canada
| | | | - Stephen B Pointing
- Yale-NUS College, National University of Singapore, Singapore; Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore; Institute of Nature and Environmental Technology, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan.
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9
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Comparison of Atmospheric and Lithospheric Culturable Bacterial Communities from Two Dissimilar Active Volcanic Sites, Surtsey Island and Fimmvörðuháls Mountain in Iceland. Microorganisms 2023; 11:microorganisms11030665. [PMID: 36985243 PMCID: PMC10057085 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11030665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2023] [Revised: 03/02/2023] [Accepted: 03/04/2023] [Indexed: 03/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Surface microbes are aerosolized into the atmosphere by wind and events such as dust storms and volcanic eruptions. Before they reach their deposition site, they experience stressful atmospheric conditions which preclude the successful dispersal of a large fraction of cells. In this study, our objectives were to assess and compare the atmospheric and lithospheric bacterial cultivable diversity of two geographically different Icelandic volcanic sites: the island Surtsey and the Fimmvörðuháls mountain, to predict the origin of the culturable microbes from these sites, and to select airborne candidates for further investigation. Using a combination of MALDI Biotyper analysis and partial 16S rRNA gene sequencing, a total of 1162 strains were identified, belonging to 72 species affiliated to 40 genera with potentially 26 new species. The most prevalent phyla identified were Proteobacteria and Actinobacteria. Statistical analysis showed significant differences between atmospheric and lithospheric microbial communities, with distinct communities in Surtsey’s air. By combining the air mass back trajectories and the analysis of the closest representative species of our isolates, we concluded that 85% of our isolates came from the surrounding environments and only 15% from long distances. The taxonomic proportions of the isolates were reflected by the site’s nature and location.
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10
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Ščevková J, Vašková Z, Dušička J, Žilka M, Zvaríková M. Co-occurrence of airborne biological and anthropogenic pollutants in the central European urban ecosystem. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:26523-26534. [PMID: 36367655 PMCID: PMC9651122 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-24048-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2022] [Accepted: 11/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The interactions between organic and inorganic air pollutants, enhanced by the impact of weather parameters, may worsen the respiratory allergy symptoms in allergy sufferers. Pollen grains and fungal spores belong to some of the most crucial aeroallergens. Other allergenic bioparticles in the atmospheric microbiome can include microalgae, fern spores and mites. In this study, we evaluated if and to what extent air pollutants and weather parameters drive the daily variation in airborne concentrations of broad spectrum of bioparticles (pollen grains, fungal spores, microalgae, fern spores and invertebrates) in the air of Bratislava over 3 years, 2019-2021. Air samples were collected using a Hirst-type volumetric sampler. Based on the results of Spearman's correlation analysis, air temperature seems to be the most influential meteorological factor, positively associated with the concentration of all types of bioparticles at assemblage level, even though the association with microalgae was negative. Wind speed, known to have a diluting effect on most airborne particles, appears to be the most influential for microalgae, as their concentration in the air increases along with rising wind speed. Considering air pollutants, correlation analysis revealed that as the daily concentrations of ozone, PM10, CO and/or NO2 increased, so did the levels of most types of analysed bioaerosols at the assemblage level. Regarding that bioparticles may act as carriers for inorganic particles and amplify their allergenic impact, a concomitant increment in the airborne concentration of both organic and inorganic pollutants poses a threat to allergy sufferers in the study area. The concentration of microalgae, on the other hand, decreases with rising levels of CO, NO2 and PM10; thereby, their synergistic effect on allergy sufferers is negligible. Based on our findings, we suggest that the response of pollen and fungal spore concentration to environmental conditions should be investigated at the taxon, not the assemblage level, as each pollen/spore taxon has a different pattern in response to meteorological parameters and air pollutants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jana Ščevková
- Faculty of Natural Sciences, Department of Botany, Comenius University, Révová 39, 811 02, Bratislava, Slovakia.
| | - Zuzana Vašková
- Faculty of Natural Sciences, Department of Botany, Comenius University, Révová 39, 811 02, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Jozef Dušička
- Faculty of Natural Sciences, Department of Botany, Comenius University, Révová 39, 811 02, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Matúš Žilka
- Faculty of Natural Sciences, Department of Botany, Comenius University, Révová 39, 811 02, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Martina Zvaríková
- Faculty of Natural Sciences, Department of Environmental Ecology and Landscape Management, Comenius University, Ilkovičova 6, 842 48, Bratislava, Slovakia
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11
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Saikh SR, Das SK. Fog-Induced Alteration in Airborne Microbial Community: a Study over Central Indo-Gangetic Plain in India. Appl Environ Microbiol 2023; 89:e0136722. [PMID: 36622163 PMCID: PMC9888190 DOI: 10.1128/aem.01367-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2022] [Accepted: 11/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Fog supports an increase in airborne microbial loading by providing water with nutrients and protecting it from harmful incoming solar radiation. To improve our present understanding of fog-induced alteration in an atmospheric microbial community, a study was conducted during 1 to 14 January 2021 for continuous investigation of airborne bacteria over a rural site, Arthauli (25.95°N, 85.10°E), in central Indo-Gangetic Plain (IGP) in India. An increase of 36% ± 0.4% in airborne bacterial loading was noticed under fog versus prefog conditions, and a decrease of 48% ± 0.4% was noticed under the postfog condition. Airborne bacterial loading had a strong correlation with RH (R2 = 0.56; P < 0.05), temperature (R2 = -0.55, P < 0.05), and wind speed (R2 = -0.52, P < 0.05). Unique types of bacteria, representing about 29% of the whole community, were detected only under foggy conditions, likely by a continuous supply of nutrients and water from a cold, calm, and humid atmosphere. As a result, no significant diurnal variation of bacterial loading was noticed on a foggy day, with a higher daily mean concentration of about (8.4 ± 1.7) × 105 cells · m-3 than that on a typical winter day [(6.3 ± 3.8) × 105 cells · m-3]. A typical winter day experienced about a 60% decrease in bacterial loading in the afternoon in comparison to that in the morning. A 3-day back-trajectory analysis suggests a slow movement of airmass along with the wind blowing from west to central IGP. Fog pauses wind movement, which reduces continuous transportation of urban sources while increasing airborne bacteria from local sources. The abundances of Gp6 (14.8% ± 8.6%), Anaeromyxobacter (7.1% ± 2.8%), and Gp7 (6.8 ± 2.6%) have been observed to increase due to occurrences of fog over central IGP. IMPORTANCE Fog was investigated in the present study as a cause of alteration in the airborne microbial community. Occurrences of fog were responsible for an increase in airborne microbial loading (36%) over central IGP in India due to the easy availability of nutrients and water in the air and dimming of harmful solar radiation. More than 90% of unique bacteria were detected under fog (64%) and postfog (28%) conditions. A few bacteria, like Gp18 (0.5% ± 0.3%), Alicyclobacillus (0.5% ± 0.1%), Sinomonas (0.4% ± 0.2%), and Phenylobacterium (0.4% ± 0.2%), were detected only under foggy conditions. A strong correlation between meteorological parameters and bacterial loading was found in the current research work. The present study provides additional support toward a new direction in interdisciplinary science for the detailed investigations of the effects of meteorological conditions on airborne bacteria and their implications for society.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sanat Kumar Das
- Environmental Sciences Section, Bose Institute, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
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12
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Li H, Liu PQ, Luo QP, Ma JJ, Yang XR, Yan Y, Su JQ, Zhu YG. Spatiotemporal variations of microbial assembly, interaction, and potential risk in urban dust. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2022; 170:107577. [PMID: 36244231 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2022.107577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2022] [Revised: 10/08/2022] [Accepted: 10/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Community and composition of dust-borne microbes would affect human health and are regulated by microbial community assembly. The dust in kindergarten is always collected to evaluate the microbial exposure of children, yet the microbial assembly, their interactions, and potential pathogens in kindergarten dust remain unclear. Here, we aim to investigate the microbial community assembly and structures, and potential bacterial pathogens in outdoor dust of kindergartens, and reveal the factors influencing the assembly and composition of microbial community. A total of 118 urban dust samples were collected on the outdoor impervious surfaces of 59 kindergartens from different districts of Xiamen in January and June 2020. We extracted microbial genomic DNA in these dusts and characterized the microbial (i.e., bacteria and fungi) community compositions and diversities using target gene-based (16S rRNA genes for bacterial community and ITS 2 regions for fungal community) high-throughput sequencing. Potential bacterial pathogens were identified and the interactions between microbes were determined through a co-occurrence network analysis. Our results showed the predominance of Actinobacteria and α-Proteobacteria in bacterial communities and Capnodiales in fungal communities. Season altered microbial assembly, composition, and interactions, with both bacterial and fungal communities exhibiting a higher heterogeneity in summer than those in winter. Although stochastic processes predominated in bacterial and fungal community assembly, the season-depended environmental factors (e.g., temperature) and interactions between microbes play important roles in dust microbial community assembly. Potential bacterial pathogens were detected in all urban dust, with significantly higher relative abundance in summer than that in winter. These results indicated that season exerted more profound effects on microbial community composition, assembly, and interactions, and suggested the seasonal changes of potential risk of microbes in urban dust. Our findings provide new insights into microbial community, community assembly, and interactions between microbes in the urban dust, and indicate that taxa containing opportunistic pathogens occur commonly in urban dust.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hu Li
- Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health, Ningbo Observation and Research Station, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China; Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Urban Environmental Processes and Pollution Control, CAS Haixi Industrial Technology Innovation Center in Beilun, Ningbo 315830, Peoples R China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19A Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Pei-Qin Liu
- Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health, Ningbo Observation and Research Station, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19A Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Qiu-Ping Luo
- Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health, Ningbo Observation and Research Station, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19A Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jin-Jin Ma
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Huaqiao University, Xiamen 361021, China
| | - Xiao-Ru Yang
- Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health, Ningbo Observation and Research Station, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China; Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Urban Environmental Processes and Pollution Control, CAS Haixi Industrial Technology Innovation Center in Beilun, Ningbo 315830, Peoples R China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19A Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yu Yan
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Huaqiao University, Xiamen 361021, China.
| | - Jian-Qiang Su
- Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health, Ningbo Observation and Research Station, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China; Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Urban Environmental Processes and Pollution Control, CAS Haixi Industrial Technology Innovation Center in Beilun, Ningbo 315830, Peoples R China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19A Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yong-Guan Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health, Ningbo Observation and Research Station, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China; Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Urban Environmental Processes and Pollution Control, CAS Haixi Industrial Technology Innovation Center in Beilun, Ningbo 315830, Peoples R China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19A Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, China
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13
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Zoran MA, Savastru RS, Savastru DM, Tautan MN. Impacts of exposure to air pollution, radon and climate drivers on the COVID-19 pandemic in Bucharest, Romania: A time series study. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2022; 212:113437. [PMID: 35594963 PMCID: PMC9113773 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2022.113437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2022] [Revised: 05/03/2022] [Accepted: 05/04/2022] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
During the ongoing global COVID-19 pandemic disease, like several countries, Romania experienced a multiwaves pattern over more than two years. The spreading pattern of SARS-CoV-2 pathogens in the Bucharest, capital of Romania is a multi-factorial process involving among other factors outdoor environmental variables and viral inactivation. Through descriptive statistics and cross-correlation analysis applied to daily time series of observational and geospatial data, this study aims to evaluate the synergy of COVID-19 incidence and lethality with air pollution and radon under different climate conditions, which may exacerbate the coronavirus' effect on human health. During the entire analyzed period 1 January 2020-21 December 2021, for each of the four COVID-19 waves were recorded different anomalous anticyclonic synoptic meteorological patterns in the mid-troposphere, and favorable stability conditions during fall-early winter seasons for COVID-19 disease fast-spreading, mostly during the second, and the fourth waves. As the temporal pattern of airborne SARS-CoV-2 and its mutagen variants is affected by seasonal variability of the main air pollutants and climate parameters, this paper found: 1) the daily outdoor exposures to air pollutants (particulate matter PM2.5 and PM10, nitrogen dioxide-NO2, sulfur dioxide-SO2, carbon monoxide-CO) and radon - 222Rn, are directly correlated with the daily COVID-19 incidence and mortality, and may contribute to the spread and the severity of the pandemic; 2) the daily ground ozone-O3 levels, air temperature, Planetary Boundary Layer height, and surface solar irradiance are anticorrelated with the daily new COVID-19 incidence and deaths, averageingful for spring-summer periods. Outdoor exposure to ambient air pollution associated with radon is a non-negligible driver of COVID-19 transmission in large metropolitan areas, and climate variables are risk factors in spreading the viral infection. The findings of this study provide useful information for public health authorities and decision-makers to develop future pandemic diseases strategies in high polluted metropolitan environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria A Zoran
- National Institute of R&D for Optoelectronics, Bucharest, Magurele, Romania.
| | - Roxana S Savastru
- National Institute of R&D for Optoelectronics, Bucharest, Magurele, Romania
| | - Dan M Savastru
- National Institute of R&D for Optoelectronics, Bucharest, Magurele, Romania
| | - Marina N Tautan
- National Institute of R&D for Optoelectronics, Bucharest, Magurele, Romania
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14
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Alanazi F, Nour I, Hanif A, Al-Ashkar I, Aljowaie RM, Eifan S. Novel findings in context of molecular diversity and abundance of bacteriophages in wastewater environments of Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0273343. [PMID: 35980993 PMCID: PMC9387821 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0273343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2022] [Accepted: 08/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The diversity among bacteriophages depends on different factors like ecology, temperature conditions and genetic pool. Current study focused on isolation, identification and diversity of phages from 34 sewage water samples collected from two different wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs), King Saud University wastewater treatment plants (KSU-WWTP) and Manfoha wastewater treatment plants (MN-WWTP) in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Samples were analyzed by PCR and Next Generation Sequencing (NGS). Siphoviridae, Podoviridae and Myoviridae families were detected by family-specific PCR and highest prevalence of Myoviridae 29.40% was found at MN-WWTP followed by 11.76% at KSU-WWTP. Siphoviridae was detected 11.76% at MN-WWTP and 5.88% at KSU-WWTP. Lowest prevalence for Podoviridae family (5.88%) was recorded at MN-WWTP. Significant influence of temporal variations on prevalence of Myoviridae and Siphoviridae was detected in both WWTP and MN-WWTP, respectively. Highest phage prevalence was obtained in August (75%), followed by September (50%). Highest phage prevalence was recorded at a temperature range of 29–33°C. Significant influence of temperature on the prevalence of Myoviridae phages was detected at MN-WWTP. Four bacteriophages with various abundance levels were identified by NGS. Cronobacter virus Esp2949-1 was found first time with highest abundance (4.41%) in wastewater of Riyadh. Bordetella virus BPP1 (4.14%), Dickeya virus Limestone (1.55%) and Ralstonia virus RSA1 (1.04%) were also detected from samples of MN-WWTP. Highest occurrence of Bordetella virus BPP1 (67%) and (33.33%) was recorded at KSU-WWTP and MN-WWTP, respectively. Highest Bordetella virus BPP1 occurrence was recorded in September (50%) followed by August (40%). The findings of study showed new insights of phage diversity from wastewater sources and further large-scale data studies are suggested for comprehensive understanding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fahad Alanazi
- Botany and Microbiology Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Islam Nour
- Botany and Microbiology Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Atif Hanif
- Botany and Microbiology Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ibrahim Al-Ashkar
- Department of Plant Production, College of Food and Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Reem M. Aljowaie
- Botany and Microbiology Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saleh Eifan
- Botany and Microbiology Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- * E-mail:
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15
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Urban Aerobiome and Effects on Human Health: A Systematic Review and Missing Evidence. ATMOSPHERE 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/atmos13071148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Urban air pollutants are a major public health concern and include biological matters which composes about 25% of the atmospheric aerosol particles. Airborne microorganisms were traditionally characterized by culture-based methods recognizing just 1.5–15.3% of the total bacterial diversity that was evaluable by genome signature in the air environment (aerobiome). Despite the large number of exposed people, urban aerobiomes are still weakly described even if recently advanced literature has been published. This paper aims to systematically review the state of knowledge on the urban aerobiome and human health effects. A total of 24 papers that used next generation sequencing (NGS) techniques for characterization and comprised a seasonal analysis have been included. A core of Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria, Firmicutes, and Bacteroides and various factors that influenced the community structure were detected. Heterogenic methods and results were reported, for both sampling and aerobiome diversity analysis, highlighting the necessity of in-depth and homogenized assessment thus reducing the risk of bias. The aerobiome can include threats for human health, such as pathogens and resistome spreading; however, its diversity seems to be protective for human health and reduced by high levels of air pollution. Evidence of the urban aerobiome effects on human health need to be filled up quickly for urban public health purposes.
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16
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Sharma Ghimire P, Joshi DR, Tripathee L, Chen P, Sajjad W, Kang S. Seasonal taxonomic composition of microbial communal shaping the bioaerosols milieu of the urban city of Lanzhou. Arch Microbiol 2022; 204:222. [PMID: 35344106 DOI: 10.1007/s00203-022-02832-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Revised: 03/02/2022] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Here, the taxonomical composition and seasonal dynamics of airborne microbial communities were described in the urban city of Lanzhou, Northwest China. Year-long samples were studied in two filter membranes (Quartz and PTFE). Higher microbial loads were reported in the PTFE than in the quartz filter. Onefold decrease was reported in bacterial loads in spring and summer than winter and autumn for both filters. The fungal loadings were lowest during winter and highest during autumn, followed by summer. The microbial communities included Actinobacteria and Proteobacteria, Ascomycota, and Basidiomycota as major components. Maximum abundance of the members from Gammaproteobacteria, Coriobacteria and Clostridia were studied in all seasons on PTFE membrane, followed by, Erysipelotrichia, Negativicutes and Fusobacteria. Members of Actinobacteria and Bacilli showed higher abundance in spring and winter, with a small proportion during autumn. Members of Clostridia, Gammaproteobacteria, Bacilli, and Actinobacteria showed maximum abundance on the quartz filter in all the seasons. Similarly, on the PTFE, fungi including Dothideomycetes and Agaricomycetes were dominant, followed by Saccharomycetes during summer and winter. The result showed that PM2.5, SO42-, NO2-, Na+, EC, and OC are important environmental parameters influencing the seasonal microbial community. However, the relation of the microbiome with the environment cannot be confidently defined because the environmental factors are changeable and yet interrelated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prakriti Sharma Ghimire
- State Key Laboratory of Cryospheric Science, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Lanzhou, 730000, People's Republic of China.,Himalayan Environment Research Institute (HERI), Kathmandu, 44602, Nepal
| | - Dev Raj Joshi
- Central Department of Microbiology, Tribhuvan University, Kirtipur, 44613, Nepal
| | - Lekhendra Tripathee
- State Key Laboratory of Cryospheric Science, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Lanzhou, 730000, People's Republic of China.,Himalayan Environment Research Institute (HERI), Kathmandu, 44602, Nepal
| | - Pengfei Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Cryospheric Science, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Lanzhou, 730000, People's Republic of China
| | - Wasim Sajjad
- State Key Laboratory of Cryospheric Science, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Lanzhou, 730000, People's Republic of China
| | - Shichang Kang
- State Key Laboratory of Cryospheric Science, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Lanzhou, 730000, People's Republic of China. .,CAS Center for Excellence in Tibetan Plateau Earth Sciences, Beijing, 100085, People's Republic of China. .,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100864, People's Republic of China.
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17
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Culturable Filamentous Fungi in the Air of Recreational Areas and Their Relationship with Bacteria and Air Pollutants during Winter. ATMOSPHERE 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/atmos13020207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
One of the greatest environmental health problems to arise in recent years is air pollution. Inorganic and organic particles are important components of air aerosol. The potential of air microbiota as an indicator of air quality is gaining increasing research interest. The aim of the present study was to determine the relationship between the level of fungal contamination and the levels of bacteria and smog particles in outdoor air in recreational areas during the heating season. A quantitative and qualitative mycological evaluation and quantitative bacteriological evaluation of air quality in 10 selected parks were performed. The numbers of microorganisms in the air were correlated with smog levels. The mean prevalence of fungi was 18.96 ± 15.43–23.30 ± 26.70 CFU/m3 of air and the mean bacterial count was 74.06 ± 130.89–268.04 ± 126.10 CFU/m3. Among the isolated fungi, clinically significant species were identified: four species belonged to Risk Group 2, and 17 to Risk Group 1. The predominant genera were Aspergillus, Penicillium and Alternaria. The total number of bacteria demonstrated a positive correlation with the size of the park, air temperature and ozone level during sampling, and a negative correlation with humidity, pressure and smog parameters (CO, NO, NO2 and NOx). The qualitative and quantitative composition of bioaerosols can be used as a bioindicator for environmental monitoring. There is a need for more efficient monitoring of airborne pollutants and microorganisms to learn about the structure of the air biota, the mechanisms regulating their occurrence, and to identify potential threats to human health.
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18
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Šantl-Temkiv T, Amato P, Casamayor EO, Lee PKH, Pointing SB. OUP accepted manuscript. FEMS Microbiol Rev 2022; 46:6524182. [PMID: 35137064 PMCID: PMC9249623 DOI: 10.1093/femsre/fuac009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2021] [Revised: 01/31/2022] [Accepted: 02/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The atmosphere connects habitats across multiple spatial scales via airborne dispersal of microbial cells, propagules and biomolecules. Atmospheric microorganisms have been implicated in a variety of biochemical and biophysical transformations. Here, we review ecological aspects of airborne microorganisms with respect to their dispersal, activity and contribution to climatic processes. Latest studies utilizing metagenomic approaches demonstrate that airborne microbial communities exhibit pronounced biogeography, driven by a combination of biotic and abiotic factors. We quantify distributions and fluxes of microbial cells between surface habitats and the atmosphere and place special emphasis on long-range pathogen dispersal. Recent advances have established that these processes may be relevant for macroecological outcomes in terrestrial and marine habitats. We evaluate the potential biological transformation of atmospheric volatile organic compounds and other substrates by airborne microorganisms and discuss clouds as hotspots of microbial metabolic activity in the atmosphere. Furthermore, we emphasize the role of microorganisms as ice nucleating particles and their relevance for the water cycle via formation of clouds and precipitation. Finally, potential impacts of anthropogenic forcing on the natural atmospheric microbiota via emission of particulate matter, greenhouse gases and microorganisms are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tina Šantl-Temkiv
- Department of Biology, Aarhus University, DK-8000 Aarhus, Denmark
- Stellar Astrophysics Centre, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, DK-8000 Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Pierre Amato
- Institut de Chimie de Clermont-Ferrand, SIGMA Clermont, CNRS, Université Clermont Auvergne, 63178, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Emilio O Casamayor
- Centre for Advanced Studies of Blanes, Spanish Council for Research (CSIC), 17300, Blanes, Spain
| | - Patrick K H Lee
- School of Energy and Environment, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Pollution, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Stephen B Pointing
- Corresponding author: Yale-NUS College, National University of Singapore, 16 College Avenue West, Singapore 138527. Tel: +65 6601 1000; E-mail:
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19
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Investigation of Sources, Diversity, and Variability of Bacterial Aerosols in Athens, Greece: A Pilot Study. ATMOSPHERE 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/atmos13010045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
We characterized the composition, diversity, and potential bacterial aerosol sources in Athens’ urban air by DNA barcoding (analysis of 16S rRNA genes) during three seasons in 2019. Air samples were collected using the recently developed Rutgers Electrostatic Passive Sampler (REPS). It is the first field application of REPS to study bacterial aerosol diversity. REPS samplers captured a sufficient amount of biological material to demonstrate the diversity of airborne bacteria and their variability over time. Overall, in the air of Athens, we detected 793 operational taxonomic units (OTUs), which were fully classified into the six distinct taxonomic categories (Phylum, Class, Order, etc.). These OTUs belonged to Phyla Actinobacteria, Firmicutes, Proteobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Cyanobacteria, and Fusobacteria. We found a complex community of bacterial aerosols with several opportunistic or potential pathogens in Athens’ urban air. Referring to the available literature, we discuss the likely sources of observed airborne bacteria, including soil, plants, animals, and humans. Our results on bacterial diversity are comparable to earlier studies, even though the sampling sites are different or geographically distant. However, the exact functional and ecological role of bioaerosols and, even more importantly, their impact on public health and the ecosystem requires further air monitoring and analysis.
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Haahtela T, Alenius H, Lehtimäki J, Sinkkonen A, Fyhrquist N, Hyöty H, Ruokolainen L, Mäkelä MJ. Immunological resilience and biodiversity for prevention of allergic diseases and asthma. Allergy 2021; 76:3613-3626. [PMID: 33959980 DOI: 10.1111/all.14895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2021] [Revised: 04/27/2021] [Accepted: 04/29/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Increase of allergic conditions has occurred at the same pace with the Great Acceleration, which stands for the rapid growth rate of human activities upon earth from 1950s. Changes of environment and lifestyle along with escalating urbanization are acknowledged as the main underlying causes. Secondary (tertiary) prevention for better disease control has advanced considerably with innovations for oral immunotherapy and effective treatment of inflammation with corticosteroids, calcineurin inhibitors, and biological medications. Patients are less disabled than before. However, primary prevention has remained a dilemma. Factors predicting allergy and asthma risk have proven complex: Risk factors increase the risk, while protective factors counteract them. Interaction of human body with environmental biodiversity with micro-organisms and biogenic compounds as well as the central role of epigenetic adaptation in immune homeostasis have given new insight. Allergic diseases are good indicators of the twisted relation to environment. In various non-communicable diseases, the protective mode of the immune system indicates low-grade inflammation without apparent cause. Giving microbes, pro- and prebiotics, has shown some promise in prevention and treatment. The real-world public health programme in Finland (2008-2018) emphasized nature relatedness and protective factors for immunological resilience, instead of avoidance. The nationwide action mitigated the allergy burden, but in the lack of controls, primary preventive effect remains to be proven. The first results of controlled biodiversity interventions are promising. In the fast urbanizing world, new approaches are called for allergy prevention, which also has a major cost saving potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tari Haahtela
- Skin and Allergy Hospital Helsinki University HospitalUniversity of Helsinki Helsinki Finland
| | - Harri Alenius
- Institute of Environmental Medicine Karolinska Institutet Stockholm Sweden
- Department of Bacteriology and Immunology Medicum University of Helsinki Helsinki Finland
| | | | - Aki Sinkkonen
- Natural Resources Institute Finland, Horticulture Technologies Turku Finland
| | - Nanna Fyhrquist
- Institute of Environmental Medicine Karolinska Institutet Stockholm Sweden
- Department of Bacteriology and Immunology Medicum University of Helsinki Helsinki Finland
| | - Heikki Hyöty
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology Tampere University Tampere Finland
- Fimlab Laboratories Pirkanmaa Hospital District Tampere Finland
| | - Lasse Ruokolainen
- Lasse Ruokolainen Department of Biosciences University of Helsinki Helsinki Finland
| | - Mika J. Mäkelä
- Skin and Allergy Hospital Helsinki University HospitalUniversity of Helsinki Helsinki Finland
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21
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Michalska M, Zorena K, Marks R, Wąż P. The emergency discharge of sewage to the Bay of Gdańsk as a source of bacterial enrichment in coastal air. Sci Rep 2021; 11:20959. [PMID: 34697351 PMCID: PMC8546070 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-00390-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2021] [Accepted: 10/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this research was to study the presence of potential pathogenic bacteria in the seawater and air in five coastal towns (Hel, Puck, Gdynia, Sopot, Gdańsk-Brzeźno) as well as the enrichment of bacteria from the seawater into the coastal air after an emergency discharge of sewage into the Bay of Gdańsk. A total of 594 samples of air and seawater were collected in the coastal zone between spring and summer (between 2014 and 2018). Air samples were collected using the impact method with a SAS Super ISO 100. The multivariate analysis, conducted using contingency tables, showed a statistically significant variation between the concentration of coliforms, psychrophilic and mesophilic bacteria in the seawater microlayer and air in 2018, after an emergency discharge of sewage into the Bay of Gdańsk, compared to 2014-2017. Moreover, we detected a marine aerosol enrichment in psychrophilic, mesophilic bacteria, coliforms and Escherichia coli. We also showed a statistically significant relationship between the total concentration of bacteria and humidity, air temperature, speed and wind direction. This increased concentration of bacteria in the seawater and coastal air, and the high factor of air enrichment with bacteria maybe associated with the emergency discharge of wastewater into the Bay of Gdańsk. Therefore, it is suggested that in the event of a malfunction of a sewage treatment plant, as well as after floods or sudden rainfall, the public should be informed about the sanitary and epidemiological status of the coastal waters and be recommended to limit their use of coastal leisure areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Małgorzata Michalska
- Department of Immunobiology and Environment Microbiology, Faculty of Health Sciences with Institute of Maritime and Tropical Medicine Medical University of Gdańsk, ul. Dębinki 7, 80-211, Gdańsk, Poland.
| | - Katarzyna Zorena
- Department of Immunobiology and Environment Microbiology, Faculty of Health Sciences with Institute of Maritime and Tropical Medicine Medical University of Gdańsk, ul. Dębinki 7, 80-211, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Roman Marks
- Institute of Marine and Environmental Sciences, University of Szczecin, ul. Mickiewicza 16, 70-383, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Piotr Wąż
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences with Institute of Maritime and Tropical Medicine, Medical University of Gdańsk, ul. Dębinki 7, 80-211, Gdańsk, Poland
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González-Martín C, Pérez-González CJ, González-Toril E, Expósito FJ, Aguilera Á, Díaz JP. Airborne Bacterial Community Composition According to Their Origin in Tenerife, Canary Islands. Front Microbiol 2021; 12:732961. [PMID: 34737729 PMCID: PMC8563076 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.732961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2021] [Accepted: 09/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Microorganisms are ubiquitous in the environment, and the atmosphere is no exception. However, airborne bacterial communities are some of the least studied. Increasing our knowledge about these communities and how environmental factors shape them is key to understanding disease outbreaks and transmission routes. We describe airborne bacterial communities at two different sites in Tenerife, La Laguna (urban, 600 m.a.s.l.) and Izaña (high mountain, 2,400 m.a.s.l.), and how they change throughout the year. Illumina MiSeq sequencing was used to target 16S rRNA genes in 293 samples. Results indicated a predominance of Proteobacteria at both sites (>65%), followed by Bacteroidetes, Actinobacteria, and Firmicutes. Gammaproteobacteria were the most frequent within the Proteobacteria phylum during spring and winter, while Alphaproteobacteria dominated in the fall and summer. Within the 519 genera identified, Cellvibrio was the most frequent during spring (35.75%) and winter (30.73%); Limnobacter (24.49%) and Blastomonas (19.88%) dominated in the summer; and Sediminibacterium represented 10.26 and 12.41% of fall and winter samples, respectively. Sphingomonas was also identified in 17.15% of the fall samples. These five genera were more abundant at the high mountain site, while other common airborne bacteria were more frequent at the urban site (Kocuria, Delftia, Mesorhizobium, and Methylobacterium). Diversity values showed different patterns for both sites, with higher values during the cooler seasons in Izaña, whereas the opposite was observed in La Laguna. Regarding wind back trajectories, Tropical air masses were significantly different from African ones at both sites, showing the highest diversity and characterized by genera regularly associated with humans (Pseudomonas, Sphingomonas, and Cloacibacterium), as well as others related to extreme conditions (Alicyclobacillus) or typically associated with animals (Lachnospiraceae). Marine and African air masses were consistent and very similar in their microbial composition. By contrast, European trajectories were dominated by Cellvibrio, Pseudomonas, Pseudoxanthomonas, and Sediminibacterium. These data contribute to our current state of knowledge in the field of atmospheric microbiology. However, future studies are needed to increase our understanding of the influence of different environmental factors on atmospheric microbial dispersion and the potential impact of airborne microorganisms on ecosystems and public health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina González-Martín
- Instituto Universitario de Enfermedades Tropicales y Salud Pública de Canarias, Universidad de La Laguna, San Cristóbal de La Laguna, Spain
| | - Carlos J. Pérez-González
- Departamento de Matemáticas, Estadística e Investigación Operativa, Universidad de La Laguna, San Cristóbal de La Laguna, Spain
| | - Elena González-Toril
- Centro de Astrobiología (INTA-CSIC), Instituto Nacional de Técnica Aeroespacial, Torrejón de Ardoz, Spain
| | | | - Ángeles Aguilera
- Centro de Astrobiología (INTA-CSIC), Instituto Nacional de Técnica Aeroespacial, Torrejón de Ardoz, Spain
| | - Juan P. Díaz
- Departamento de Física, Universidad de La Laguna, San Cristóbal de La Laguna, Spain
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Negral L, Moreno-Grau S, Galera MD, Elvira-Rendueles B, Costa-Gómez I, Aznar F, Pérez-Badia R, Moreno JM. The effects of continentality, marine nature and the recirculation of air masses on pollen concentration: Olea in a Mediterranean coastal enclave. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 790:147999. [PMID: 34090169 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.147999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2021] [Revised: 05/19/2021] [Accepted: 05/20/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Olea pollen concentrations have been studied in relation to the typology of air masses, pollen grain sources and marine nature during advections in a coastal enclave in the south-eastern Iberian Peninsula. Since Spain is the world's leading olive producer, and olive growing extends throughout the Mediterranean basin, this location is ideal for the study of long-distance transport events (LTD) during the main pollen season (MPS). The air masses were classified using the calculation of 48-h back trajectories at 250, 500 and 750 m above ground level using the HYSPLIT model. After that, the frequency of LDT events from Africa and Europe was found to be 8.7% of the MPS days. In contrast, regional air masses were found in 38.6% of the MPS days. This was reflected in pollen concentrations, with significantly higher concentrations (p-value <0.05) on days with regional air masses compared to days with European air masses. Regarding the source areas, the importance of nearby sources with intense olive cultivation was confirmed (i.e., Andalusia). This proximity was relevant beyond the attenuations observed when the advections acquired a marine nature as the air mass back trajectories moved over the sea (p-value <0.001). The review of air mass typologies, source areas and pollen concentrations resulted in establishing peak dates and the detection of LDT associated with these peak dates. Distortions in the typical path of each air mass explained alterations in pollen concentrations on consecutive days. The recirculation and loops of the air mass back trajectories varied the pollen load that every type of air mass could originally contain.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Negral
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Technical University of Cartagena, Cartagena, Spain.
| | - S Moreno-Grau
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Technical University of Cartagena, Cartagena, Spain.
| | - M D Galera
- Department of Applied Mathematics and Statistics, Technical University of Cartagena, Cartagena, Spain.
| | - B Elvira-Rendueles
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Technical University of Cartagena, Cartagena, Spain.
| | - I Costa-Gómez
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Technical University of Cartagena, Cartagena, Spain.
| | - F Aznar
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Technical University of Cartagena, Cartagena, Spain.
| | - R Pérez-Badia
- Institute of Environmental Sciences, University of Castilla-La Mancha, Toledo, Spain.
| | - J M Moreno
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Technical University of Cartagena, Cartagena, Spain.
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24
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Mhuireach GÁ, Wilson H, Johnson BR. Urban Aerobiomes are Influenced by Season, Vegetation, and Individual Site Characteristics. ECOHEALTH 2021; 18:331-344. [PMID: 33170406 DOI: 10.1007/s10393-020-01493-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2020] [Revised: 10/02/2020] [Accepted: 10/04/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Exposure to biodiverse environments such as forests can benefit human well-being, and evidence suggests exposure to high microbial diversity may improve mental and immune health. However, the factors that drive microbial community assembly are poorly understood, as is the relationship between exposure to these communities and human health. We characterized airborne bacterial communities in two disparate types of urban greenspace (forest and grass) in late-spring 2017 at sites previously sampled in late-summer 2015 in Eugene-Springfield, Oregon, using high-throughput metabarcode sequencing. While all sites shared a core aerobiome in late-spring consisting of plant- and soil-associated genera, forests had significantly higher diversity than grass sites (F = 12, P = 0.004). Vegetation type explained 14% of the difference between forest and grass aerobiomes, yet individual site location explained 41% of the variation. These results were similar to but amplified over those from late summer, suggesting that both aerobiome diversity and vegetation-driven effects are higher when deciduous foliage is fresher and more active, temperatures cooler, and humidity higher. Continued exploration and hypothesis-driven research will enable development of mechanistic theory describing key drivers of urban aerobiome assembly and its relationship to human health, which, in turn, will help urban designers and planners create evidence-based salutogenic cities for future generations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gwynne Á Mhuireach
- Department of Landscape Architecture, University of Oregon, 5250 University of Oregon, Eugene, OR, 97403, USA.
- Biology and the Built Environment (BioBE) Center, University of Oregon, Eugene, OR, USA.
- Institute for Health in the Built Environment, University of Oregon, Eugene, OR, USA.
| | - Hannah Wilson
- Biology and the Built Environment (BioBE) Center, University of Oregon, Eugene, OR, USA
- Division of Plant Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA
| | - Bart R Johnson
- Department of Landscape Architecture, University of Oregon, 5250 University of Oregon, Eugene, OR, 97403, USA
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25
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Inferring long-distance connectivity shaped by air-mass movement for improved experimental design in aerobiology. Sci Rep 2021; 11:11093. [PMID: 34045612 PMCID: PMC8159928 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-90733-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2021] [Accepted: 05/13/2021] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The collection and analysis of air samples for the study of microbial airborne communities or the detection of airborne pathogens is one of the few insights that we can grasp of a continuously moving flux of microorganisms from their sources to their sinks through the atmosphere. For large-scale studies, a comprehensive sampling of the atmosphere is beyond the scopes of any reasonable experimental setting, making the choice of the sampling locations and dates a key factor for the representativeness of the collected data. In this work we present a new method for revealing the main patterns of air-mass connectivity over a large geographical area using the formalism of spatio-temporal networks, that are particularly suitable for representing complex patterns of connection. We use the coastline of the Mediterranean basin as an example. We reveal a temporal pattern of connectivity over the study area with regions that act as strong sources or strong receptors according to the season of the year. The comparison of the two seasonal networks has also allowed us to propose a new methodology for comparing spatial weighted networks that is inspired from the small-world property of non-spatial networks.
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26
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Robinson JM, Cando-Dumancela C, Antwis RE, Cameron R, Liddicoat C, Poudel R, Weinstein P, Breed MF. Exposure to airborne bacteria depends upon vertical stratification and vegetation complexity. Sci Rep 2021; 11:9516. [PMID: 33947905 PMCID: PMC8096821 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-89065-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2021] [Accepted: 04/20/2021] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Exposure to biodiverse aerobiomes supports human health, but it is unclear which ecological factors influence exposure. Few studies have investigated near-surface green space aerobiome dynamics, and no studies have reported aerobiome vertical stratification in different urban green spaces. We used columnar sampling and next generation sequencing of the bacterial 16S rRNA gene, combined with geospatial and network analyses to investigate urban green space aerobiome spatio-compositional dynamics. We show a strong effect of habitat on bacterial diversity and network complexity. We observed aerobiome vertical stratification and network complexity that was contingent on habitat type. Tree density, closer proximity, and canopy coverage associated with greater aerobiome alpha diversity. Grassland aerobiomes exhibited greater proportions of putative pathogens compared to scrub, and also stratified vertically. We provide novel insights into the urban ecosystem with potential importance for public health, whereby the possibility of differential aerobiome exposures appears to depend on habitat type and height in the airspace. This has important implications for managing urban landscapes for the regulation of aerobiome exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jake M Robinson
- Department of Landscape Architecture, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield, S10 2TN, UK.
- inVIVO Planetary Health of the Worldwide Universities Network, NJ, 10704, USA.
- College of Science and Engineering, Flinders University, Bedford Park, SA, 5042, Australia.
- The Healthy Urban Microbiome Initiative (HUMI), Adelaide, Australia.
| | - Christian Cando-Dumancela
- College of Science and Engineering, Flinders University, Bedford Park, SA, 5042, Australia
- The Healthy Urban Microbiome Initiative (HUMI), Adelaide, Australia
| | - Rachael E Antwis
- School of Science, Engineering and Environment, University of Salford, Salford, M5 4WX, UK
| | - Ross Cameron
- Department of Landscape Architecture, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield, S10 2TN, UK
| | - Craig Liddicoat
- College of Science and Engineering, Flinders University, Bedford Park, SA, 5042, Australia
- The Healthy Urban Microbiome Initiative (HUMI), Adelaide, Australia
- School of Public Health and the Environment Institute, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, 5005, Australia
| | - Ravin Poudel
- Department of Microbiology and Cell Science, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32603, USA
| | - Philip Weinstein
- The Healthy Urban Microbiome Initiative (HUMI), Adelaide, Australia
- School of Public Health and the Environment Institute, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, 5005, Australia
| | - Martin F Breed
- College of Science and Engineering, Flinders University, Bedford Park, SA, 5042, Australia
- The Healthy Urban Microbiome Initiative (HUMI), Adelaide, Australia
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27
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Souza FFC, Mathai PP, Pauliquevis T, Balsanelli E, Pedrosa FO, Souza EM, Baura VA, Monteiro RA, Cruz LM, Souza RAF, Andreae MO, Barbosa CGG, de Angelis IH, Sánchez-Parra B, Pӧhlker C, Weber B, Ruff E, Reis RA, Godoi RHM, Sadowsky MJ, Huergo LF. Influence of seasonality on the aerosol microbiome of the Amazon rainforest. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 760:144092. [PMID: 33341626 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.144092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2020] [Revised: 11/14/2020] [Accepted: 11/22/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The Amazon rainforest is the world's largest tropical forest, and this biome may be a significant contributor to primary biological aerosol (PBA) emissions on a global scale. These aerosols also play a pivotal role in modulating ecosystem dynamics, dispersing biological material over geographic barriers and influencing climate through radiation absorption, light scattering, or acting as cloud condensation nuclei. Despite their importance, there are limited studies investigating the effect of environmental variables on the bioaerosol composition in the Amazon rainforest. Here we present a 16S rRNA gene-based amplicon sequencing approach to investigate the bacterial microbiome in aerosols of the Amazon rainforest during distinct seasons and at different heights above the ground. Our data revealed that seasonal changes in temperature, relative humidity, and precipitation are the primary drivers of compositional changes in the Amazon rainforest aerosol microbiome. Interestingly, no significant differences were observed in the bacterial community composition of aerosols collected at ground and canopy levels. The core airborne bacterial families present in Amazon aerosol were Enterobacteriaceae, Beijerinckiaceae, Polyangiaceae, Bacillaceae and Ktedonobacteraceae. By correlating the bacterial taxa identified in the aerosol with literature data, we speculate that the phyllosphere may be one possible source of airborne bacteria in the Amazon rainforest. Results of this study indicate that the aerosol microbiota of the Amazon Rainforest are fairly diverse and principally impacted by seasonal changes in temperature and humidity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Prince P Mathai
- Biotechnology Institute, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN, USA
| | | | - Eduardo Balsanelli
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, UFPR, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | - Fabio O Pedrosa
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, UFPR, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | - Emanuel M Souza
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, UFPR, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | - Valter A Baura
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, UFPR, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | - Rose A Monteiro
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, UFPR, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | - Leonardo M Cruz
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, UFPR, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo A F Souza
- Meteorology Department, State University of Amazonas - UEA, Manaus, AM, Brazil
| | - Meinrat O Andreae
- Multiphase Chemistry Department, Max Planck Institute for Chemistry, Mainz, Germany; Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Cybelli G G Barbosa
- Multiphase Chemistry Department, Max Planck Institute for Chemistry, Mainz, Germany
| | | | | | - Christopher Pӧhlker
- Multiphase Chemistry Department, Max Planck Institute for Chemistry, Mainz, Germany
| | - Bettina Weber
- Multiphase Chemistry Department, Max Planck Institute for Chemistry, Mainz, Germany; Institut für Biologie, University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Emil Ruff
- Ecosystems Center, Marine Biological Laboratory, Woods Hole, USA; J Bay Paul Center for Comparative Molecular Biology and Evolution, Marine Biological Laboratory, Woods Hole, USA
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28
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Cordero JM, Núñez A, García AM, Borge R. Assessment and statistical modelling of airborne microorganisms in Madrid. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2021; 269:116124. [PMID: 33246763 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2020.116124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2020] [Revised: 11/14/2020] [Accepted: 11/16/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The limited evidence available suggests that the interaction between chemical pollutants and biological particles may intensify respiratory diseases caused by air pollution in urban areas. Unlike air pollutants, which are routinely measured, records of biotic component are scarce. While pollen concentrations are daily surveyed in most cities, data related to airborne bacteria or fungi are not usually available. This work presents the first effort to understand atmospheric pollution integrating both biotic and abiotic agents, trying to identify relationships among the Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria and Ascomycota phyla with palynological, meteorological and air quality variables using all biological historical records available in the Madrid Greater Region. The tools employed involve statistical hypothesis contrast tests such as Kruskal-Wallis and machine learning algorithms. A cluster analysis was performed to analyse which abiotic variables were able to separate the biotic variables into groups. Significant relationships were found for temperature and relative humidity. In addition, the relative abundance of the biological phyla studied was affected by PM10 and O3 ambient concentration. Preliminary Generalized Additive Models (GAMs) to predict the biotic relative abundances based on these atmospheric variables were developed. The results (r = 0.70) were acceptable taking into account the scarcity of the available data. These models can be used as an indication of the biotic composition when no measurements are available. They are also a good starting point to continue working in the development of more accurate models and to investigate causal relationships.
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Affiliation(s)
- José María Cordero
- Environmental Modelling Laboratory, Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, (UPM), E-28006, Madrid, Spain
| | - Andrés Núñez
- Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingenieros Industriales, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (ETSII-UPM), E-28006, Madrid, Spain; Department of Genetics and Microbiology, Facultad de Biología, Universidad de Murcia, E-30100, Murcia, Spain
| | - Ana M García
- Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingenieros Industriales, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (ETSII-UPM), E-28006, Madrid, Spain
| | - Rafael Borge
- Environmental Modelling Laboratory, Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, (UPM), E-28006, Madrid, Spain.
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29
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Plaas HE, Paerl HW. Toxic Cyanobacteria: A Growing Threat to Water and Air Quality. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2021; 55:44-64. [PMID: 33334098 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.0c06653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
The global expansion of harmful cyanobacterial blooms (CyanoHABs) poses an increasing threat to public health. CyanoHABs are characterized by the production of toxic metabolites known as cyanotoxins. Human exposure to cyanotoxins is challenging to forecast, and perhaps the least understood exposure route is via inhalation. While the aerosolization of toxins from marine harmful algal blooms (HABs) has been well documented, the aerosolization of cyanotoxins in freshwater systems remains understudied. In recent years, spray aerosol (SA) produced in the airshed of the Laurentian Great Lakes (United States and Canada) has been characterized, suggesting that freshwater systems may impact atmospheric aerosol loading more than previously understood. Therefore, further investigation regarding the impact of CyanoHABs on human respiratory health is warranted. This review examines current research on the incorporation of cyanobacterial cells and cyanotoxins into SA of aquatic ecosystems which experience HABs. We present an overview of cyanotoxin fate in the environment, biological incorporation into SA, existing data on cyanotoxins in SA, relevant collection methods, and adverse health outcomes associated with cyanotoxin inhalation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haley E Plaas
- University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Gillings School of Global Public Health, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, United States
- University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Institute of Marine Sciences, Morehead City, NC 28557, United States
| | - Hans W Paerl
- University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Gillings School of Global Public Health, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, United States
- University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Institute of Marine Sciences, Morehead City, NC 28557, United States
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Xie W, Li Y, Bai W, Hou J, Ma T, Zeng X, Zhang L, An T. The source and transport of bioaerosols in the air: A review. FRONTIERS OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & ENGINEERING 2021; 15:44. [PMID: 33589868 PMCID: PMC7876263 DOI: 10.1007/s11783-020-1336-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2020] [Revised: 11/13/2020] [Accepted: 11/13/2020] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Recent pandemic outbreak of the corona-virus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has raised widespread concerns about the importance of the bioaerosols. They are atmospheric aerosol particles of biological origins, mainly including bacteria, fungi, viruses, pollen, and cell debris. Bioaerosols can exert a substantial impact on ecosystems, climate change, air quality, and public health. Here, we review several relevant topics on bioaerosols, including sampling and detection techniques, characterization, effects on health and air quality, and control methods. However, very few studies have focused on the source apportionment and transport of bioaerosols. The knowledge of the sources and transport pathways of bioaerosols is essential for a comprehensive understanding of the role microorganisms play in the atmosphere and control the spread of epidemic diseases associated with them. Therefore, this review comprehensively summarizes the up to date progress on the source characteristics, source identification, and diffusion and transport process of bioaerosols. We intercompare three types of diffusion and transport models, with a special emphasis on a widely used mathematical model. This review also highlights the main factors affecting the source emission and transport process, such as biogeographic regions, land-use types, and environmental factors. Finally, this review outlines future perspectives on bioaerosols.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenwen Xie
- School of Water and Environment, Chang’an University, Xi’an, 710054 China
| | - Yanpeng Li
- School of Water and Environment, Chang’an University, Xi’an, 710054 China
- Key Laboratory of Subsurface Hydrology and Ecological Effects in Arid Region (Ministry of Education), Chang’an University, Xi’an, 710054 China
| | - Wenyan Bai
- School of Water and Environment, Chang’an University, Xi’an, 710054 China
| | - Junli Hou
- School of Water and Environment, Chang’an University, Xi’an, 710054 China
| | - Tianfeng Ma
- School of Water and Environment, Chang’an University, Xi’an, 710054 China
| | - Xuelin Zeng
- School of Water and Environment, Chang’an University, Xi’an, 710054 China
| | - Liyuan Zhang
- School of Water and Environment, Chang’an University, Xi’an, 710054 China
- Key Laboratory of Subsurface Hydrology and Ecological Effects in Arid Region (Ministry of Education), Chang’an University, Xi’an, 710054 China
| | - Taicheng An
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Health Risk Control, School of Environment Science and Engineering, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006 China
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Al Salameen F, Habibi N, Uddin S, Al Mataqi K, Kumar V, Al Doaij B, Al Amad S, Al Ali E, Shirshikhar F. Spatio-temporal variations in bacterial and fungal community associated with dust aerosol in Kuwait. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0241283. [PMID: 33151966 PMCID: PMC7644028 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0241283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2020] [Accepted: 10/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Kuwait is a country with a very high dust loading; in fact it bears the world's highest particulate matter concentration in the outdoor air. The airborne dust often has associated biological materials, including pathogenic microbes that pose a serious risk to the urban ecosystem and public health. This study has established the baseline taxonomic characterization of microbes associated with dust transported into Kuwait from different trajectories. A high volume air sampler with six-stage cascade impactor was deployed for sample collection at a remote as well as an urban site. Samples from three different seasons (autumn, spring and summer) were subjected to targeted amplicon sequencing. A set of ~ 50 and 60 bacterial and fungal genera, respectively, established the core air microbiome. The predominant bacterial genera (relative abundance ≥ 1%) were Brevundimonas (12.5%), Sphingobium (3.3%), Sphingopyxis (2.7%), Pseudomonas (2.5%), Sphingomonas (2.4%), Massilia (2.3%), Acidovorax (2.0%), Allorhizobium (1.8%), Halomonas (1.3%), and Mesorhizobium (1.1%), and the fungal taxa were Cryptococcus (12%) followed by Alternaria (9%), Aspergillus (7%), Candida (3%), Cladosporium (2.9%), Schizophyllum (1.6%), Fusarium (1.4%), Gleotinia (1.3%) and Penicillium (1.15%). Significant spatio-temporal variations were recorded in terms of relative abundances, α-diversities, and β-diversities of bacterial communities. The dissimilarities were less pronounced and instead the communities were fairly homogenous. Linear discrimant analysis revealed three fungal genera known to be significantly differentially abundant with respect to different size fractions of dust. Our results shed light on the spatio-temporal distribution of airborne microbes and their implications in general health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fadila Al Salameen
- Biotechnology Program, Environment and Life Sciences Research Centre, Kuwait Institute for Scientific Research, Shuwaikh, Kuwait
- * E-mail: (FAS); (NH)
| | - Nazima Habibi
- Biotechnology Program, Environment and Life Sciences Research Centre, Kuwait Institute for Scientific Research, Shuwaikh, Kuwait
- * E-mail: (FAS); (NH)
| | - Saif Uddin
- Environment and Climate Change Program, Environment and Life Sciences Research Centre, Kuwait Institute for Scientific Research, Shuwaikh, Kuwait
| | - Khalil Al Mataqi
- Biotechnology Program, Environment and Life Sciences Research Centre, Kuwait Institute for Scientific Research, Shuwaikh, Kuwait
| | - Vinod Kumar
- Biotechnology Program, Environment and Life Sciences Research Centre, Kuwait Institute for Scientific Research, Shuwaikh, Kuwait
| | - Bashayer Al Doaij
- Biotechnology Program, Environment and Life Sciences Research Centre, Kuwait Institute for Scientific Research, Shuwaikh, Kuwait
| | - Sami Al Amad
- Biotechnology Program, Environment and Life Sciences Research Centre, Kuwait Institute for Scientific Research, Shuwaikh, Kuwait
| | - Ebtisam Al Ali
- Biotechnology Program, Environment and Life Sciences Research Centre, Kuwait Institute for Scientific Research, Shuwaikh, Kuwait
| | - Faiz Shirshikhar
- Environment and Climate Change Program, Environment and Life Sciences Research Centre, Kuwait Institute for Scientific Research, Shuwaikh, Kuwait
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Sarda-Estève R, Baisnée D, Guinot B, Mainelis G, Sodeau J, O’Connor D, Besancenot JP, Thibaudon M, Monteiro S, Petit JE, Gros V. Atmospheric Biodetection Part I: Study of Airborne Bacterial Concentrations from January 2018 to May 2020 at Saclay, France. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17176292. [PMID: 32872373 PMCID: PMC7504533 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17176292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2020] [Revised: 08/20/2020] [Accepted: 08/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Background: The monitoring of bioaerosol concentrations in the air is a relevant endeavor due to potential health risks associated with exposure to such particles and in the understanding of their role in climate. In this context, the atmospheric concentrations of bacteria were measured from January 2018 to May 2020 at Saclay, France. The aim of the study was to understand the seasonality, the daily variability, and to identify the geographical origin of airborne bacteria. Methods: 880 samples were collected daily on polycarbonate filters, extracted with purified water, and analyzed using the cultivable method and flow cytometry. A source receptor model was used to identify the origin of bacteria. Results: A tri-modal seasonality was identified with the highest concentrations early in spring and over the summer season with the lowest during the winter season. Extreme changes occurred daily due to rapid changes in meteorological conditions and shifts from clean air masses to polluted ones. Conclusion: Our work points toward bacterial concentrations originating from specific seasonal-geographical ecosystems. During pollution events, bacteria appear to rise from dense urban areas or are transported long distances from their sources. This key finding should drive future actions to better control the dispersion of potential pathogens in the air, like persistent microorganisms originating from contaminated areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roland Sarda-Estève
- Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l’Environnement, LSCE/IPSL, Unité mixte de recherche CEA-CNRS-UVSQ, 91190 Saint-Aubin, France; (D.B.); (J.-E.P.); (V.G.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +33-1-69-08-97-47
| | - Dominique Baisnée
- Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l’Environnement, LSCE/IPSL, Unité mixte de recherche CEA-CNRS-UVSQ, 91190 Saint-Aubin, France; (D.B.); (J.-E.P.); (V.G.)
| | - Benjamin Guinot
- Laboratoire d’Aérologie, Université Toulouse III, CNRS, UPS, 31400 Toulouse, France;
- Réseau National de Surveillance Aérobiologique, 69690 Brussieu, France; (J.P.B.); (M.T.)
| | - Gediminas Mainelis
- Department of Environmental Sciences, School of Environmental and Biological Sciences, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ 08901-8525, USA;
| | - John Sodeau
- Department of Chemistry and Environmental Research Institute, University College Cork, T12 YN60 Cork, Ireland;
| | - David O’Connor
- School of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Technological University of Dublin, D06F793 Dublin 6, Ireland;
| | - Jean Pierre Besancenot
- Réseau National de Surveillance Aérobiologique, 69690 Brussieu, France; (J.P.B.); (M.T.)
| | - Michel Thibaudon
- Réseau National de Surveillance Aérobiologique, 69690 Brussieu, France; (J.P.B.); (M.T.)
| | - Sara Monteiro
- Themo Fisher Scientific, 18 avenue de Quebec, 91941 Villebon Courtaboeuf, France;
| | - Jean-Eudes Petit
- Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l’Environnement, LSCE/IPSL, Unité mixte de recherche CEA-CNRS-UVSQ, 91190 Saint-Aubin, France; (D.B.); (J.-E.P.); (V.G.)
| | - Valérie Gros
- Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l’Environnement, LSCE/IPSL, Unité mixte de recherche CEA-CNRS-UVSQ, 91190 Saint-Aubin, France; (D.B.); (J.-E.P.); (V.G.)
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Abstract
We found that the summer airborne bacterial community in the marine boundary layer over the Southern Ocean directly south of Australia is dominated by marine bacteria emitted in sea spray, originating primarily from the west in a zonal band at the latitude of collection. We found that airborne communities were more diverse to the north, and much less so toward Antarctica. These results imply that sea spray sources largely control the number concentrations of nuclei for liquid cloud droplets and limit ice nucleating particle concentrations to the low values expected in nascent sea spray. In the sampled region, the sources of summer cloud-active particles therefore are unlikely to have changed in direct response to perturbations in continental anthropogenic emissions. Microorganisms are ubiquitous and highly diverse in the atmosphere. Despite the potential impacts of airborne bacteria found in the lower atmosphere over the Southern Ocean (SO) on the ecology of Antarctica and on marine cloud phase, no previous region-wide assessment of bioaerosols over the SO has been reported. We conducted bacterial profiling of boundary layer shipboard aerosol samples obtained during an Austral summer research voyage, spanning 42.8 to 66.5°S. Contrary to findings over global subtropical regions and the Northern Hemisphere, where transport of microorganisms from continents often controls airborne communities, the great majority of the bacteria detected in our samples were marine, based on taxonomy, back trajectories, and source tracking analysis. Further, the beta diversity of airborne bacterial communities varied with latitude and temperature, but not with other meteorological variables. Limited meridional airborne transport restricts southward community dispersal, isolating Antarctica and inhibiting microorganism and nutrient deposition from lower latitudes to these same regions. A consequence and implication for this region’s marine boundary layer and the clouds that overtop it is that it is truly pristine, free from continental and anthropogenic influences, with the ocean as the dominant source controlling low-level concentrations of cloud condensation nuclei and ice nucleating particles.
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Romano S, Di Salvo M, Rispoli G, Alifano P, Perrone MR, Talà A. Airborne bacteria in the Central Mediterranean: Structure and role of meteorology and air mass transport. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 697:134020. [PMID: 31491629 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.134020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2019] [Revised: 07/24/2019] [Accepted: 08/19/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The 16S rRNA gene metabarcoding approach has been used to characterize the structure of the airborne bacterial community of PM10 samples, and investigate the dependence on meteorology, seasons, and long-range transported air masses. The PM10 samples were collected at a Central Mediterranean coastal site, away from large sources of local pollution. Proteobacteria, Cyanobacteria, Actinobacteria, Firmicutes, and Bacteroidetes, which were found in all samples, were the most abundant phyla. Calothrix, Pseudomonas, and Bacillus were the most abundant genera. The within-sample relative abundance (RA) of each phylum/genus varied from sample to sample. Calothrix was the most abundant genus during the advection of desert dust and Atlantic air masses, Pseudomonas was the most abundant genus when the advected air flows spent several hours over lands or close to lands affected by anthropogenic activities, before reaching the study site. The bacterial community richness and biodiversity of the PM10 samples on average increased from winter to spring, while the sample dissimilarity on average decreased from winter to spring. The spring meteorological conditions over the Mediterranean, which have likely contributed to maintain for longer time the bacterial community in the atmosphere, could have been responsible for the above results. The analysis of the presumptive species-level characterization of the airborne bacterial community has revealed that the abundance of human (opportunistic) pathogens was highly inhomogeneous among samples, without any significant change from winter to spring. We also found that the PM10 samples collected during the advection of desert dust and Atlantic air masses were on average the less enriched in human (opportunistic) pathogenic species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salvatore Romano
- Department of Mathematics and Physics, University of Salento, via per Arnesano, 73100 Lecce, Italy
| | - Marco Di Salvo
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Technologies, University of Salento, Via Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy
| | - Gennaro Rispoli
- Department of Mathematics and Physics, University of Salento, via per Arnesano, 73100 Lecce, Italy
| | - Pietro Alifano
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Technologies, University of Salento, Via Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy
| | - Maria Rita Perrone
- Department of Mathematics and Physics, University of Salento, via per Arnesano, 73100 Lecce, Italy
| | - Adelfia Talà
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Technologies, University of Salento, Via Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy.
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Gohli J, Bøifot KO, Moen LV, Pastuszek P, Skogan G, Udekwu KI, Dybwad M. The subway microbiome: seasonal dynamics and direct comparison of air and surface bacterial communities. MICROBIOME 2019; 7:160. [PMID: 31856911 PMCID: PMC6924074 DOI: 10.1186/s40168-019-0772-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2019] [Accepted: 11/20/2019] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mass transit environments, such as subways, are uniquely important for transmission of microbes among humans and built environments, and for their ability to spread pathogens and impact large numbers of people. In order to gain a deeper understanding of microbiome dynamics in subways, we must identify variables that affect microbial composition and those microorganisms that are unique to specific habitats. METHODS We performed high-throughput 16S rRNA gene sequencing of air and surface samples from 16 subway stations in Oslo, Norway, across all four seasons. Distinguishing features across seasons and between air and surface were identified using random forest classification analyses, followed by in-depth diversity analyses. RESULTS There were significant differences between the air and surface bacterial communities, and across seasons. Highly abundant groups were generally ubiquitous; however, a large number of taxa with low prevalence and abundance were exclusively present in only one sample matrix or one season. Among the highly abundant families and genera, we found that some were uniquely so in air samples. In surface samples, all highly abundant groups were also well represented in air samples. This is congruent with a pattern observed for the entire dataset, namely that air samples had significantly higher within-sample diversity. We also observed a seasonal pattern: diversity was higher during spring and summer. Temperature had a strong effect on diversity in air but not on surface diversity. Among-sample diversity was also significantly associated with air/surface, season, and temperature. CONCLUSIONS The results presented here provide the first direct comparison of air and surface bacterial microbiomes, and the first assessment of seasonal variation in subways using culture-independent methods. While there were strong similarities between air and surface and across seasons, we found both diversity and the abundances of certain taxa to differ. This constitutes a significant step towards understanding the composition and dynamics of bacterial communities in subways, a highly important environment in our increasingly urbanized and interconnect world. Video abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jostein Gohli
- Norwegian Defence Research Establishment, P.O. Box 25, NO-2027, Kjeller, Norway.
| | - Kari Oline Bøifot
- Norwegian Defence Research Establishment, P.O. Box 25, NO-2027, Kjeller, Norway
- Department of Analytics, Environmental & Forensic Sciences, King's College London, 150 Stamford Street, London, SE1 9NH, UK
| | - Line Victoria Moen
- Norwegian Defence Research Establishment, P.O. Box 25, NO-2027, Kjeller, Norway
| | - Paulina Pastuszek
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, Stockholm University, SE 10691, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Gunnar Skogan
- Norwegian Defence Research Establishment, P.O. Box 25, NO-2027, Kjeller, Norway
| | - Klas I Udekwu
- SoS BIOs Sweden, Tiundagatan 41, SE 752 30, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Marius Dybwad
- Norwegian Defence Research Establishment, P.O. Box 25, NO-2027, Kjeller, Norway
- Department of Analytics, Environmental & Forensic Sciences, King's College London, 150 Stamford Street, London, SE1 9NH, UK
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Tignat-Perrier R, Dommergue A, Thollot A, Keuschnig C, Magand O, Vogel TM, Larose C. Global airborne microbial communities controlled by surrounding landscapes and wind conditions. Sci Rep 2019; 9:14441. [PMID: 31595018 PMCID: PMC6783533 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-51073-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2019] [Accepted: 09/23/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The atmosphere is an important route for transporting and disseminating microorganisms over short and long distances. Understanding how microorganisms are distributed in the atmosphere is critical due to their role in public health, meteorology and atmospheric chemistry. In order to determine the dominant processes that structure airborne microbial communities, we investigated the diversity and abundance of both bacteria and fungi from the PM10 particle size (particulate matter of 10 micrometers or less in diameter) as well as particulate matter chemistry and local meteorological characteristics over time at nine different meteorological stations around the world. The bacterial genera Bacillus and Sphingomonas as well as the fungal species Pseudotaeniolina globaosa and Cladophialophora proteae were the most abundant taxa of the dataset, although their relative abundances varied greatly based on sampling site. Bacterial and fungal concentration was the highest at the high-altitude and semi-arid plateau of Namco (China; 3.56 × 106 ± 3.01 × 106 cells/m3) and at the high-altitude and vegetated mountain peak Storm-Peak (Colorado, USA; 8.78 × 104 ± 6.49 × 104 cells/m3), respectively. Surrounding ecosystems, especially within a 50 km perimeter of our sampling stations, were the main contributors to the composition of airborne microbial communities. Temporal stability in the composition of airborne microbial communities was mainly explained by the diversity and evenness of the surrounding landscapes and the wind direction variability over time. Airborne microbial communities appear to be the result of large inputs from nearby sources with possible low and diluted inputs from distant sources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Romie Tignat-Perrier
- Institut des Géosciences de l'Environnement, Univ Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, IRD, Grenoble INP, Grenoble, France. .,Environmental Microbial Genomics, Laboratoire Ampère, Ecole Centrale de Lyon, Université de Lyon, Ecully, France.
| | - Aurélien Dommergue
- Institut des Géosciences de l'Environnement, Univ Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, IRD, Grenoble INP, Grenoble, France
| | - Alban Thollot
- Institut des Géosciences de l'Environnement, Univ Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, IRD, Grenoble INP, Grenoble, France
| | - Christoph Keuschnig
- Environmental Microbial Genomics, Laboratoire Ampère, Ecole Centrale de Lyon, Université de Lyon, Ecully, France
| | - Olivier Magand
- Institut des Géosciences de l'Environnement, Univ Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, IRD, Grenoble INP, Grenoble, France
| | - Timothy M Vogel
- Environmental Microbial Genomics, Laboratoire Ampère, Ecole Centrale de Lyon, Université de Lyon, Ecully, France
| | - Catherine Larose
- Environmental Microbial Genomics, Laboratoire Ampère, Ecole Centrale de Lyon, Université de Lyon, Ecully, France
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