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Kalidasan V, Suresh D, Zulkifle N, Hwei YS, Kok Hoong L, Rajasuriar R, Theva Das K. Investigating D-Amino Acid Oxidase Expression and Interaction Network Analyses in Pathways Associated With Cellular Stress: Implications in the Biology of Aging. Bioinform Biol Insights 2024; 18:11779322241234772. [PMID: 38425413 PMCID: PMC10903195 DOI: 10.1177/11779322241234772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024] Open
Abstract
D-amino acid oxidase (DAO) is a flavoenzyme that metabolizes D-amino acids by oxidative deamination, producing hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) as a by-product. The generation of intracellular H2O2 may alter the redox-homeostasis mechanism of cells and increase the oxidative stress levels in tissues, associated with the pathogenesis of age-related diseases and organ decline. This study investigates the effect of DAO knockdown using clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR) through an in silico approach on its protein-protein interactions (PPIs) and their potential roles in the process of aging. The target sequence and guide RNA of DAO were designed using the CCTop database, PPI analysis using the Search Tool for the Retrieval of Interacting Genes/Proteins (STRING) database, Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analyses, Reactome biological pathway, protein docking using GalaxyTongDock database, and structure analysis. The translated target sequence of DAO lies between amino acids 43 to 50. The 10 proteins that were predicted to interact with DAO are involved in peroxisome pathways such as acyl-coenzyme A oxidase 1 (ACOX1), alanine-glyoxylate and serine-pyruvate aminotransferase (AGXT), catalase (CAT), carnitine O-acetyltransferase (CRAT), glyceronephosphate O-acyltransferase (GNPAT), hydroxyacid oxidase 1 (HAO1), hydroxyacid oxidase 2 (HAO2), trans-L-3-hydroxyproline dehydratase (L3HYPDH), polyamine oxidase (PAOX), and pipecolic acid and sarcosine oxidase (PIPOX). In summary, DAO mutation would most likely reduce activity with its interacting proteins that generate H2O2. However, DAO mutation may result in peroxisomal disorders, and thus, alternative techniques should be considered for an in vivo approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Kalidasan
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Advanced Medical and Dental Institute, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kepala Batas, Malaysia
| | - Darshinie Suresh
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Advanced Medical and Dental Institute, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kepala Batas, Malaysia
- Department of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi, Malaysia
| | - Nurulisa Zulkifle
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Advanced Medical and Dental Institute, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kepala Batas, Malaysia
| | - Yap Siew Hwei
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Leong Kok Hoong
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Reena Rajasuriar
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
- Centre of Excellence for Research in AIDS (CERiA), Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Kumitaa Theva Das
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Advanced Medical and Dental Institute, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kepala Batas, Malaysia
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2
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Mu Z, Shen T, Deng H, Zeng B, Huang C, Mao Z, Xie Y, Pei Y, Guo L, Hu R, Chen L, Zhou Y. Enantiomer-Dependent Supramolecular Immunosuppressive Modulation for Tissue Reconstruction. ACS NANO 2024; 18:5051-5067. [PMID: 38306400 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c11601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2024]
Abstract
Modulating the properties of biomaterials in terms of the host immune response is critical for tissue repair and regeneration. However, it is unclear how the preference for the cellular microenvironment manipulates the chiral immune responses under physiological or pathological conditions. Here, we reported that in vivo and in vitro oligopeptide immunosuppressive modulation was achieved by manipulation of macrophage polarization using chiral tetrapeptide (Ac-FFFK-OH, marked as FFFK) supramolecular polymers. The results suggested that chiral FFFK nanofibers can serve as a defense mechanism in the restoration of tissue homeostasis by upregulating macrophage M2 polarization via the Src-STAT6 axis. More importantly, transiently acting STAT6, insufficient to induce a sustained polarization program, then passes the baton to EGR2, thereby continuously maintaining the M2 polarization program. It is worth noting that the L-chirality exhibits a more potent effect in inducing macrophage M2 polarization than does the D-chirality, leading to enhanced tissue reconstruction. These findings elucidate the crucial molecular signals that mediate chirality-dependent supramolecular immunosuppression in damaged tissues while also providing an effective chiral supramolecular strategy for regulating macrophage M2 polarization and promoting tissue injury repair based on the self-assembling chiral peptide design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhixiang Mu
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, P. R. China
| | - Tianxi Shen
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, P. R. China
| | - Hui Deng
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, P. R. China
| | - Bairui Zeng
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, P. R. China
| | - Chen Huang
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, P. R. China
| | - Zhengjin Mao
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, P. R. China
| | - Yuyu Xie
- School of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Eye Hospital, School of Biomedical Engineering, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, P. R. China
| | - Yu Pei
- School of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Eye Hospital, School of Biomedical Engineering, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, P. R. China
| | - Liting Guo
- School of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Eye Hospital, School of Biomedical Engineering, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, P. R. China
| | - Rongdang Hu
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, P. R. China
| | - Limin Chen
- Zhejiang Engineering Research Center for Tissue Repair Materials, Wenzhou Institute, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wenzhou 325001, P. R. China
| | - Yunlong Zhou
- Zhejiang Engineering Research Center for Tissue Repair Materials, Wenzhou Institute, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wenzhou 325001, P. R. China
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Yap SH, Lee CS, Zulkifli ND, Suresh D, Hamase K, Das KT, Rajasuriar R, Leong KH. D-Amino acids differentially trigger an inflammatory environment in vitro. Amino Acids 2024; 56:6. [PMID: 38310167 PMCID: PMC10838247 DOI: 10.1007/s00726-023-03360-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2024]
Abstract
Studies in vivo have demonstrated that the accumulation of D-amino acids (D-AAs) is associated with age-related diseases and increased immune activation. However, the underlying mechanism(s) of these observations are not well defined. The metabolism of D-AAs by D-amino oxidase (DAO) produces hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), a reactive oxygen species involved in several physiological processes including immune response, cell differentiation, and proliferation. Excessive levels of H2O2 contribute to oxidative stress and eventual cell death, a characteristic of age-related pathology. Here, we explored the molecular mechanisms of D-serine (D-Ser) and D-alanine (D-Ala) in human liver cancer cells, HepG2, with a focus on the production of H2O2 the downstream secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokine and chemokine, and subsequent cell death. In HepG2 cells, we demonstrated that D-Ser decreased H2O2 production and induced concentration-dependent depolarization of mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP). This was associated with the upregulation of activated NF-кB, pro-inflammatory cytokine, TNF-α, and chemokine, IL-8 secretion, and subsequent apoptosis. Conversely, D-Ala-treated cells induced H2O2 production, and were also accompanied by the upregulation of activated NF-кB, TNF-α, and IL-8, but did not cause significant apoptosis. The present study confirms the role of both D-Ser and D-Ala in inducing inflammatory responses, but each via unique activation pathways. This response was associated with apoptotic cell death only with D-Ser. Further research is required to gain a better understanding of the mechanisms underlying D-AA-induced inflammation and its downstream consequences, especially in the context of aging given the wide detection of these entities in systemic circulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siew Hwei Yap
- Centre of Excellence for Research in AIDS (CERiA), Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Cheng Siang Lee
- Centre of Excellence for Research in AIDS (CERiA), Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Nur Diyana Zulkifli
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Advanced Medical and Dental Institute, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kepala Batas, Malaysia
| | - Darshinie Suresh
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Advanced Medical and Dental Institute, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kepala Batas, Malaysia
- Department of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi, Malaysia
| | - Kenji Hamase
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Kumitaa Theva Das
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Advanced Medical and Dental Institute, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kepala Batas, Malaysia
| | - Reena Rajasuriar
- Centre of Excellence for Research in AIDS (CERiA), Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
- Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Kok Hoong Leong
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
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Yang J, Chen X, Jin S, Ding J. Structure and biochemical characterization of l-2-hydroxyglutarate dehydrogenase and its role in the pathogenesis of l-2-hydroxyglutaric aciduria. J Biol Chem 2024; 300:105491. [PMID: 37995940 PMCID: PMC10726252 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2023.105491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Revised: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023] Open
Abstract
l-2-hydroxyglutarate dehydrogenase (L2HGDH) is a mitochondrial membrane-associated metabolic enzyme, which catalyzes the oxidation of l-2-hydroxyglutarate (l-2-HG) to 2-oxoglutarate (2-OG). Mutations in human L2HGDH lead to abnormal accumulation of l-2-HG, which causes a neurometabolic disorder named l-2-hydroxyglutaric aciduria (l-2-HGA). Here, we report the crystal structures of Drosophila melanogaster L2HGDH (dmL2HGDH) in FAD-bound form and in complex with FAD and 2-OG and show that dmL2HGDH exhibits high activity and substrate specificity for l-2-HG. dmL2HGDH consists of an FAD-binding domain and a substrate-binding domain, and the active site is located at the interface of the two domains with 2-OG binding to the re-face of the isoalloxazine moiety of FAD. Mutagenesis and activity assay confirmed the functional roles of key residues involved in the substrate binding and catalytic reaction and showed that most of the mutations of dmL2HGDH equivalent to l-2-HGA-associated mutations of human L2HGDH led to complete loss of the activity. The structural and biochemical data together reveal the molecular basis for the substrate specificity and catalytic mechanism of L2HGDH and provide insights into the functional roles of human L2HGDH mutations in the pathogeneses of l-2-HGA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Xingchen Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Shan Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Jianping Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China; School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, China.
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5
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Oshima Y, Wakino S, Kanda T, Tajima T, Itoh T, Uchiyama K, Yoshimoto K, Sasabe J, Yasui M, Itoh H. Sodium benzoate attenuates 2,8-dihydroxyadenine nephropathy by inhibiting monocyte/macrophage TNF-α expression. Sci Rep 2023; 13:3331. [PMID: 36849798 PMCID: PMC9971245 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-30056-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2022] [Accepted: 02/15/2023] [Indexed: 03/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Sodium benzoate (SB), a known D-amino acid oxidase (DAO) enzyme inhibitor, has an anti-inflammatory effect, although its role in renal damage has not been explored. 2,8-dihydroxyadenine crystal induced chronic kidney disease, in which TNF-α is involved in the pathogenesis, was established by oral adenine administration in C57BL/6JJcl mice (AdCKD) with or without SB to investigate its renal protective effects. SB significantly attenuated AdCKD by decreasing serum creatinine and urea nitrogen levels, and kidney interstitial fibrosis and tubular atrophy scores. The survival of AdCKD mice improved 2.6-fold by SB administration. SB significantly decreased the number of infiltrating macrophages observed in the positive F4/80 immunohistochemistry area and reduced the expression of macrophage markers and inflammatory genes, including TNF-α, in the kidneys of AdCKD. Human THP-1 cells stimulated with either lipopolysaccharide or TNF-α showed increased expression of inflammatory genes, although this was significantly reduced by SB, confirming the anti-inflammatory effects of SB. SB exhibited renal protective effects in AdCKD in DAO enzyme deficient mice, suggesting that anti-inflammatory effect of SB was independent of DAO enzyme activity. Moreover, binding to motif DNA sequence, protein level, and mRNA level of NF-κB RelB were significantly inhibited by SB in AdCKD kidneys and lipopolysaccharide treated THP-1 cells, respectively. We report that anti-inflammatory property of SB is independent of DAO enzymatic activity and is associated with down regulated NF-κB RelB as well as its downstream inflammatory genes such as TNF-α in AdCKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoichi Oshima
- grid.26091.3c0000 0004 1936 9959Department of Internal Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shu Wakino
- Department of Nephrology, Tokushima University School of Medicine, Tokushima, Japan.
| | - Takeshi Kanda
- grid.26091.3c0000 0004 1936 9959Department of Internal Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takaya Tajima
- grid.26091.3c0000 0004 1936 9959Department of Internal Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tomoaki Itoh
- grid.26091.3c0000 0004 1936 9959Department of Internal Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kiyotaka Uchiyama
- grid.26091.3c0000 0004 1936 9959Department of Internal Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Keiko Yoshimoto
- grid.26091.3c0000 0004 1936 9959Department of Internal Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Jumpei Sasabe
- grid.26091.3c0000 0004 1936 9959Department of Pharmacology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masato Yasui
- grid.26091.3c0000 0004 1936 9959Department of Pharmacology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Itoh
- grid.26091.3c0000 0004 1936 9959Department of Internal Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
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6
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Seckler JM. Thoughts on the role of endogenous D‐cysteine in neuronal function. Bioessays 2022; 44:e2200089. [DOI: 10.1002/bies.202200089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2022] [Accepted: 05/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- James M. Seckler
- Case Western Reserve University Biomedical Engineering Cleveland Ohio USA
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7
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Phenothiazine, anthraquinone and related tricyclic derivatives as inhibitors of d-amino acid oxidase. RESULTS IN CHEMISTRY 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rechem.2021.100278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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8
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Ma Y, Lee G, Heo SY, Roh YS. Oxidative Stress Is a Key Modulator in the Development of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 11:antiox11010091. [PMID: 35052595 PMCID: PMC8772974 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11010091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Revised: 12/27/2021] [Accepted: 12/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most common chronic liver disease worldwide, and scientific studies consistently report that NAFLD development can be accelerated by oxidative stress. Oxidative stress can induce the progression of NAFLD to NASH by stimulating Kupffer cells, hepatic stellate cells, and hepatocytes. Therefore, studies are underway to identify the role of antioxidants in the treatment of NAFLD. In this review, we have summarized the origins of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in cells, the relationship between ROS and NAFLD, and have discussed the use of antioxidants as therapeutic agents for NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanqiang Ma
- College of Pharmacy and Medical Research Center, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28160, Korea; (Y.M.); (G.L.)
| | - Gyurim Lee
- College of Pharmacy and Medical Research Center, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28160, Korea; (Y.M.); (G.L.)
| | - Su-Young Heo
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju 54896, Korea
- Correspondence: (S.-Y.H.); (Y.-S.R.)
| | - Yoon-Seok Roh
- College of Pharmacy and Medical Research Center, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28160, Korea; (Y.M.); (G.L.)
- Correspondence: (S.-Y.H.); (Y.-S.R.)
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9
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Smolyarova DD, Podgorny OV, Bilan DS, Belousov VV. A guide to genetically encoded tools for the study of H 2 O 2. FEBS J 2021; 289:5382-5395. [PMID: 34173331 DOI: 10.1111/febs.16088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2020] [Revised: 04/23/2021] [Accepted: 06/24/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Cell metabolism heavily relies on the redox reactions that inevitably generate reactive oxygen species (ROS). It is now well established that ROS fluctuations near basal levels coordinate numerous physiological processes in living organisms, thus exhibiting regulatory functions. Hydrogen peroxide, the most long-lived ROS, is a key contributor to ROS-dependent signal transduction in the cell. H2 O2 is known to impact various targets in the cell; therefore, the question of how H2 O2 modulates physiological processes in a highly specific manner is central in redox biology. To resolve this question, novel genetic tools have recently been created for detecting H2 O2 and emulating its generation in living organisms with unmatched spatiotemporal resolution. Here, we review H2 O2 -sensitive genetically encoded fluorescent sensors and opto- and chemogenetic tools for controlled H2 O2 generation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daria D Smolyarova
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Moscow, Russia.,Faculty of Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Russia
| | - Oleg V Podgorny
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Moscow, Russia.,Center for Precision Genome Editing and Genetic Technologies for Biomedicine, Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russia.,Laboratory of Experimental Oncology, Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Dmitry S Bilan
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Moscow, Russia.,Center for Precision Genome Editing and Genetic Technologies for Biomedicine, Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russia.,Laboratory of Experimental Oncology, Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Vsevolod V Belousov
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Moscow, Russia.,Center for Precision Genome Editing and Genetic Technologies for Biomedicine, Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russia.,Laboratory of Experimental Oncology, Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russia.,Federal Center of Brain Research and Neurotechnologies of the Federal Medical Biological Agency, Moscow, Russia.,Institute for Cardiovascular Physiology, Georg August University Göttingen, Germany
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10
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Dumas A, Knaus UG. Raising the 'Good' Oxidants for Immune Protection. Front Immunol 2021; 12:698042. [PMID: 34149739 PMCID: PMC8213335 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.698042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2021] [Accepted: 05/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Redox medicine is a new therapeutic concept targeting reactive oxygen species (ROS) and secondary reaction products for health benefit. The concomitant function of ROS as intracellular second messengers and extracellular mediators governing physiological redox signaling, and as damaging radicals instigating or perpetuating various pathophysiological conditions will require selective strategies for therapeutic intervention. In addition, the reactivity and quantity of the oxidant species generated, its source and cellular location in a defined disease context need to be considered to achieve the desired outcome. In inflammatory diseases associated with oxidative damage and tissue injury, ROS source specific inhibitors may provide more benefit than generalized removal of ROS. Contemporary approaches in immunity will also include the preservation or even elevation of certain oxygen metabolites to restore or improve ROS driven physiological functions including more effective redox signaling and cell-microenvironment communication, and to induce mucosal barrier integrity, eubiosis and repair processes. Increasing oxidants by host-directed immunomodulation or by exogenous supplementation seems especially promising for improving host defense. Here, we summarize examples of beneficial ROS in immune homeostasis, infection, and acute inflammatory disease, and address emerging therapeutic strategies for ROS augmentation to induce and strengthen protective host immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexia Dumas
- Conway Institute, School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Ulla G Knaus
- Conway Institute, School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
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11
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Zong Y, Tanaka M, Muramatsu M, Arai T. D-amino acid oxidase (DAO) rare genetic missense variant p.Pro103Leu and gastric cancer. Mol Clin Oncol 2021; 14:58. [PMID: 33604048 PMCID: PMC7849068 DOI: 10.3892/mco.2021.2220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2020] [Accepted: 12/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer is prevalent in the Asian population. Genetic predisposition to gastric cancer is not fully understood. Recent studies have demonstrated that D-amino acid oxidase (DAO), a multifunctional enzyme, protects the mucosa of gastrointestinal (GI) tracts by generating hydrogen sulfide (H2S) in the stomach of rodents. The present study surveyed rare germline variants in the human DAO gene with regard to the incidence of gastric cancer. The consecutive autopsy cases registered in the JG-SNP database (n=2,343; mean age, 80 years) were employed and genotyped with Exome Bead-Chips. There were three non-synonymous rare variants, p.R22H, p.P103L and p.R283Q, of which the minor allele frequencies were 0.09, 0.21 and 0.02%, respectively. Carriers of these variants were surveyed, the results of which revealed that 4 out of 10 patients with the p.P103L variant had gastric cancer (Fisher's exact test, P=0.018). All 4 patients were men with drinking and smoking habits. Among the other 6 women, there was one incidence of small intestine cancer and one of colon cancer. Neither p.R22H nor p.R283Q carriers had GI cancer. DAO p.P103L is reported to be a modifier of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and may potentially be a hypomorphic allele. Thus, it is hypothesized that this rare variant might have affected protection against gastric mucosal damage through H2S signaling in the mucosa, which leads to high prevalence of gastric cancer. The role of rare variant DAO p.P103L warrants further investigation in larger cohorts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Zong
- Department of Molecular Epidemiology, Medical Research Institute, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8510, Japan
| | - Masashi Tanaka
- Department of Pathology, Tokyo Metropolitan Geriatric Hospital and Institute of Gerontology, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo 173-0015, Japan.,Department of Neurology, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan
| | - Masaaki Muramatsu
- Department of Molecular Epidemiology, Medical Research Institute, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8510, Japan
| | - Tomio Arai
- Department of Pathology, Tokyo Metropolitan Geriatric Hospital and Institute of Gerontology, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo 173-0015, Japan
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12
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Pei JC, Luo DZ, Gau SS, Chang CY, Lai WS. Directly and Indirectly Targeting the Glycine Modulatory Site to Modulate NMDA Receptor Function to Address Unmet Medical Needs of Patients With Schizophrenia. Front Psychiatry 2021; 12:742058. [PMID: 34658976 PMCID: PMC8517243 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2021.742058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2021] [Accepted: 09/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Schizophrenia is a severe mental illness that affects ~1% of the world's population. It is clinically characterized by positive, negative, and cognitive symptoms. Currently available antipsychotic medications are relatively ineffective in improving negative and cognitive deficits, which are related to a patient's functional outcomes and quality of life. Negative symptoms and cognitive deficits are unmet by the antipsychotic medications developed to date. In recent decades, compelling animal and clinical studies have supported the NMDA receptor (NMDAR) hypofunction hypothesis of schizophrenia and have suggested some promising therapeutic agents. Notably, several NMDAR-enhancing agents, especially those that function through the glycine modulatory site (GMS) of NMDAR, cause significant reduction in psychotic and cognitive symptoms in patients with schizophrenia. Given that the NMDAR-mediated signaling pathway has been implicated in cognitive/social functions and that GMS is a potential therapeutic target for enhancing the activation of NMDARs, there is great interest in investigating the effects of direct and indirect GMS modulators and their therapeutic potential. In this review, we focus on describing preclinical and clinical studies of direct and indirect GMS modulators in the treatment of schizophrenia, including glycine, D-cycloserine, D-serine, glycine transporter 1 (GlyT1) inhibitors, and D-amino acid oxidase (DAO or DAAO) inhibitors. We highlight some of the most promising recently developed pharmacological compounds designed to either directly or indirectly target GMS and thus augment NMDAR function to treat the cognitive and negative symptoms of schizophrenia. Overall, the current findings suggest that indirectly targeting of GMS appears to be more beneficial and leads to less adverse effects than direct targeting of GMS to modulate NMDAR functions. Indirect GMS modulators, especially GlyT1 inhibitors and DAO inhibitors, open new avenues for the treatment of unmet medical needs for patients with schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ju-Chun Pei
- Department of Psychology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Da-Zhong Luo
- Department of Psychology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shiang-Shin Gau
- Department of Psychology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Yuan Chang
- Department of Psychology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Neurobiology and Cognitive Science Center, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Sung Lai
- Department of Psychology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Neurobiology and Cognitive Science Center, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Brain and Mind Sciences, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
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13
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Montrose K, López Cabezas RM, Paukštytė J, Saarikangas J. Winter is coming: Regulation of cellular metabolism by enzyme polymerization in dormancy and disease. Exp Cell Res 2020; 397:112383. [PMID: 33212148 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2020.112383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2020] [Revised: 11/12/2020] [Accepted: 11/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Metabolism feeds growth. Accordingly, metabolism is regulated by nutrient-sensing pathways that converge growth promoting signals into biosynthesis by regulating the activity of metabolic enzymes. When the environment does not support growth, organisms invest in survival. For cells, this entails transitioning into a dormant, quiescent state (G0). In dormancy, the activity of biosynthetic pathways is dampened, and catabolic metabolism and stress tolerance pathways are activated. Recent work in yeast has demonstrated that dormancy is associated with alterations in the physicochemical properties of the cytoplasm, including changes in pH, viscosity and macromolecular crowding. Accompanying these changes, numerous metabolic enzymes transition from soluble to polymerized assemblies. These large-scale self-assemblies are dynamic and depolymerize when cells resume growth. Here we review how enzyme polymerization enables metabolic plasticity by tuning carbohydrate, nucleic acid, amino acid and lipid metabolic pathways, with particular focus on its potential adaptive value in cellular dormancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristopher Montrose
- Helsinki Institute of Life Science, HiLIFE, University of Helsinki, Finland; Research Programme in Molecular and Integrative Biosciences, Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, Finland
| | - Rosa María López Cabezas
- Helsinki Institute of Life Science, HiLIFE, University of Helsinki, Finland; Research Programme in Molecular and Integrative Biosciences, Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jurgita Paukštytė
- Helsinki Institute of Life Science, HiLIFE, University of Helsinki, Finland; Research Programme in Molecular and Integrative Biosciences, Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, Finland
| | - Juha Saarikangas
- Helsinki Institute of Life Science, HiLIFE, University of Helsinki, Finland; Research Programme in Molecular and Integrative Biosciences, Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, Finland; Neuroscience Center, University of Helsinki, Finland.
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14
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Giorgetti E, Panesar M, Zhang Y, Joller S, Ronco M, Obrecht M, Lambert C, Accart N, Beckmann N, Doelemeyer A, Perrot L, Fruh I, Mueller M, Pierrel E, Summermatter S, Bidinosti M, Shimshek DR, Brachat S, Nash M. Modulation of Microglia by Voluntary Exercise or CSF1R Inhibition Prevents Age-Related Loss of Functional Motor Units. Cell Rep 2020; 29:1539-1554.e7. [PMID: 31693894 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2019.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2019] [Revised: 07/27/2019] [Accepted: 10/01/2019] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Age-related loss of skeletal muscle innervation by motor neurons leads to impaired neuromuscular function and is a well-established clinical phenomenon. However, the underlying pathogenesis remains unclear. Studying mice, we find that the number of motor units (MUs) can be maintained by counteracting neurotoxic microglia in the aged spinal cord. We observe that marked innervation changes, detected by motor unit number estimation (MUNE), occur prior to loss of muscle function in aged mice. This coincides with gene expression changes indicative of neuronal remodeling and microglial activation in aged spinal cord. Voluntary exercise prevents loss of MUs and reverses microglia activation. Depleting microglia by CSF1R inhibition also prevents the age-related decline in MUNE and neuromuscular junction disruption, implying a causal link. Our results suggest that age-related changes in spinal cord microglia contribute to neuromuscular decline in aged mice and demonstrate that removal of aged neurotoxic microglia can prevent or reverse MU loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Giorgetti
- Musculoskeletal Diseases Area, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, 4002 Basel, Switzerland.
| | - Moh Panesar
- Musculoskeletal Diseases Area, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, 4002 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Yunyu Zhang
- Musculoskeletal Diseases Area, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Stefanie Joller
- Neuroscience, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, 4002 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Marie Ronco
- Musculoskeletal Diseases Area, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, 4002 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Michael Obrecht
- Musculoskeletal Diseases Area, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, 4002 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Christian Lambert
- Musculoskeletal Diseases Area, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, 4002 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Nathalie Accart
- Musculoskeletal Diseases Area, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, 4002 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Nicolau Beckmann
- Musculoskeletal Diseases Area, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, 4002 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Arno Doelemeyer
- Musculoskeletal Diseases Area, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, 4002 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Ludovic Perrot
- Global Sci Operations, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, 4002 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Isabelle Fruh
- Chemical Biology and Therapeutics, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, 4002 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Matthias Mueller
- Chemical Biology and Therapeutics, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, 4002 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Eliane Pierrel
- Musculoskeletal Diseases Area, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, 4002 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Serge Summermatter
- Musculoskeletal Diseases Area, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, 4002 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Michael Bidinosti
- Musculoskeletal Diseases Area, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, 4002 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Derya R Shimshek
- Neuroscience, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, 4002 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Sophie Brachat
- Musculoskeletal Diseases Area, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, 4002 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Mark Nash
- Musculoskeletal Diseases Area, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, 4002 Basel, Switzerland.
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15
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Yoneyama T, Sato S, Sykes A, Fradley R, Stafford S, Bechar S, Howley E, Patel T, Tagawa Y, Moriwaki T, Asahi S. Mechanistic Multilayer Quantitative Model for Nonlinear Pharmacokinetics, Target Occupancy and Pharmacodynamics (PK/TO/PD) Relationship of D-Amino Acid Oxidase Inhibitor, TAK-831 in Mice. Pharm Res 2020; 37:164. [PMID: 32901384 PMCID: PMC7478952 DOI: 10.1007/s11095-020-02893-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2020] [Accepted: 07/24/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Purpose TAK-831 is a highly selective and potent inhibitor of D-amino acid oxidase (DAAO) currently under clinical development for schizophrenia. In this study, a mechanistic multilayer quantitative model that parsimoniously connects pharmacokinetics (PK), target occupancy (TO) and D-serine concentrations as a pharmacodynamic (PD) readout was established in mice. Methods PK, TO and PD time-profiles were obtained in mice and analyzed by mechanistic binding kinetics model connected with an indirect response model in a step wise fashion. Brain distribution was investigated to elucidate a possible mechanism driving the hysteresis between PK and TO. Results The observed nonlinear PK/TO/PD relationship was well captured by mechanistic modeling framework within a wide dose range of TAK-831 in mice. Remarkably different brain distribution was observed between target and reference regions, suggesting that the target-mediated slow binding kinetics rather than slow penetration through the blood brain barrier caused the observed distinct kinetics between PK and TO. Conclusion A quantitative mechanistic model for concentration- and time-dependent nonlinear PK/TO/PD relationship was established for TAK-831 in mice with accounting for possible rate-determining process. The established mechanistic modeling framework will provide a quantitative means for multilayer biomarker-assisted clinical development in multiple central nervous system indications. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1007/s11095-020-02893-x) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomoki Yoneyama
- Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics Research Laboratories, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, Fujisawa, Kanagawa, Japan.
| | - Sho Sato
- Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics Research Laboratories, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, Fujisawa, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Andy Sykes
- Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics Research Laboratories, Takeda Cambridge Ltd, Cambridge, UK
| | - Rosa Fradley
- Pharmacology, Takeda Cambridge Ltd, Cambridge, UK
| | | | - Shyam Bechar
- Pharmacology, Takeda Cambridge Ltd, Cambridge, UK
| | | | - Toshal Patel
- Pharmacology, Takeda Cambridge Ltd, Cambridge, UK
| | - Yoshihiko Tagawa
- Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics Research Laboratories, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, Fujisawa, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Toshiya Moriwaki
- Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics Research Laboratories, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, Fujisawa, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Satoru Asahi
- Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics Research Laboratories, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, Fujisawa, Kanagawa, Japan
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16
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Climent M, Viggiani G, Chen YW, Coulis G, Castaldi A. MicroRNA and ROS Crosstalk in Cardiac and Pulmonary Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21124370. [PMID: 32575472 PMCID: PMC7352701 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21124370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2020] [Revised: 06/14/2020] [Accepted: 06/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) affect many cellular functions and the proper redox balance between ROS and antioxidants contributes substantially to the physiological welfare of the cell. During pathological conditions, an altered redox equilibrium leads to increased production of ROS that in turn may cause oxidative damage. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) regulate gene expression at the post-transcriptional level contributing to all major cellular processes, including oxidative stress and cell death. Several miRNAs are expressed in response to ROS to mediate oxidative stress. Conversely, oxidative stress may lead to the upregulation of miRNAs that control mechanisms to buffer the damage induced by ROS. This review focuses on the complex crosstalk between miRNAs and ROS in diseases of the cardiac (i.e., cardiac hypertrophy, heart failure, myocardial infarction, ischemia/reperfusion injury, diabetic cardiomyopathy) and pulmonary (i.e., idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, acute lung injury/acute respiratory distress syndrome, asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, lung cancer) compartments. Of note, miR-34a, miR-144, miR-421, miR-129, miR-181c, miR-16, miR-31, miR-155, miR-21, and miR-1/206 were found to play a role during oxidative stress in both heart and lung pathologies. This review comprehensively summarizes current knowledge in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Montserrat Climent
- Humanitas Clinical and Research Center—IRCCS, Via Manzoni 56, 20089 Rozzano, MI, Italy;
| | - Giacomo Viggiani
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, 20090 Pieve Emanuele, MI, Italy;
| | - Ya-Wen Chen
- Hastings Center for Pulmonary Research and Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA;
- Department of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
| | - Gerald Coulis
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, and Institute for Immunology, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA;
| | - Alessandra Castaldi
- Hastings Center for Pulmonary Research and Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA;
- Correspondence:
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17
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Marcone GL, Binda E, Rosini E, Abbondi M, Pollegioni L. Antibacterial Properties of D-Amino Acid Oxidase: Impact on the Food Industry. Front Microbiol 2019; 10:2786. [PMID: 31849918 PMCID: PMC6902632 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2019.02786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2019] [Accepted: 11/15/2019] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | - Elisa Binda
- Department of Biotechnology and Life Sciences, University of Insubria, Varese, Italy
| | - Elena Rosini
- Department of Biotechnology and Life Sciences, University of Insubria, Varese, Italy
| | - Monica Abbondi
- D-Amino Acids International Reference Center, Gerenzano, Italy
- Fondazione Istituto Insubrico Ricerca per la Vita, Gerenzano, Italy
| | - Loredano Pollegioni
- Department of Biotechnology and Life Sciences, University of Insubria, Varese, Italy
- Fondazione Istituto Insubrico Ricerca per la Vita, Gerenzano, Italy
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18
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Bastings JJ, van Eijk HM, Olde Damink SW, Rensen SS. d-amino Acids in Health and Disease: A Focus on Cancer. Nutrients 2019; 11:nu11092205. [PMID: 31547425 PMCID: PMC6770864 DOI: 10.3390/nu11092205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2019] [Revised: 09/06/2019] [Accepted: 09/09/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
d-amino acids, the enantiomeric counterparts of l-amino acids, were long considered to be non-functional or not even present in living organisms. Nowadays, d-amino acids are acknowledged to play important roles in numerous physiological processes in the human body. The most commonly studied link between d-amino acids and human physiology concerns the contribution of d-serine and d-aspartate to neurotransmission. These d-amino acids and several others have also been implicated in regulating innate immunity and gut barrier function. Importantly, the presence of certain d-amino acids in the human body has been linked to several diseases including schizophrenia, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, and age-related disorders such as cataract and atherosclerosis. Furthermore, increasing evidence supports a role for d-amino acids in the development, pathophysiology, and treatment of cancer. In this review, we aim to provide an overview of the various sources of d-amino acids, their metabolism, as well as their contribution to physiological processes and diseases in man, with a focus on cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacco J.A.J. Bastings
- Department of Surgery, NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands (H.M.v.E.); (S.W.O.D.)
- Department of Human Biology, NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Hans M. van Eijk
- Department of Surgery, NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands (H.M.v.E.); (S.W.O.D.)
| | - Steven W. Olde Damink
- Department of Surgery, NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands (H.M.v.E.); (S.W.O.D.)
- Department of General, Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, RWTH University Hospital Aachen, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Sander S. Rensen
- Department of Surgery, NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands (H.M.v.E.); (S.W.O.D.)
- Correspondence:
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19
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Jo DS, Cho DH. Peroxisomal dysfunction in neurodegenerative diseases. Arch Pharm Res 2019; 42:393-406. [PMID: 30739266 DOI: 10.1007/s12272-019-01131-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2018] [Accepted: 02/03/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Peroxisomes and their (patho-)physiological importance in heath and disease have attracted increasing interest during last few decades. Together with mitochondria, peroxisomes comprise key metabolic platforms for oxidation of various fatty acids and redox regulation. In addition, peroxisomes contribute to bile acid, cholesterol, and plasmalogen biosynthesis. The importance of functional peroxisomes for cellular metabolism is demonstrated by the marked brain and systemic organ abnormalities occuring in peroxisome biogenesis disorders and peroxisomal enzyme deficiencies. Current evidences indicate that peroxisomal function is declined with aging, with peroxisomal dysfunction being linked to early onset of multiple age-related diseases including neurodegenerative diseases. Herein, we review recent progress toward understanding the physiological roles and pathological implications of peroxisomal dysfunctions, focusing on neurodegenerative disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Doo Sin Jo
- School of Life Sciences, Kyungpook National University, 80 Daehakro Bukgu, Daegu, 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Hyung Cho
- School of Life Sciences, Kyungpook National University, 80 Daehakro Bukgu, Daegu, 41566, Republic of Korea.
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20
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Pollegioni L, Sacchi S, Murtas G. Human D-Amino Acid Oxidase: Structure, Function, and Regulation. Front Mol Biosci 2018; 5:107. [PMID: 30547037 PMCID: PMC6279847 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2018.00107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2018] [Accepted: 11/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
D-Amino acid oxidase (DAAO) is an FAD-containing flavoenzyme that catalyzes with absolute stereoselectivity the oxidative deamination of all natural D-amino acids, the only exception being the acidic ones. This flavoenzyme plays different roles during evolution and in different tissues in humans. Its three-dimensional structure is well conserved during evolution: minute changes are responsible for the functional differences between enzymes from microorganism sources and those from humans. In recent years several investigations focused on human DAAO, mainly because of its role in degrading the neuromodulator D-serine in the central nervous system. D-Serine is the main coagonist of N-methyl D-aspartate receptors, i.e., excitatory amino acid receptors critically involved in main brain functions and pathologic conditions. Human DAAO possesses a weak interaction with the FAD cofactor; thus, in vivo it should be largely present in the inactive, apoprotein form. Binding of active-site ligands and the substrate stabilizes flavin binding, thus pushing the acquisition of catalytic competence. Interestingly, the kinetic efficiency of the enzyme on D-serine is very low. Human DAAO interacts with various proteins, in this way modulating its activity, targeting, and cell stability. The known properties of human DAAO suggest that its activity must be finely tuned to fulfill a main physiological function such as the control of D-serine levels in the brain. At present, studies are focusing on the epigenetic modulation of human DAAO expression and the role of post-translational modifications on its main biochemical properties at the cellular level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Loredano Pollegioni
- Dipartimento di Biotecnologie e Scienze della Vita, Università degli Studi dell'Insubria, Varese, Italy
| | - Silvia Sacchi
- Dipartimento di Biotecnologie e Scienze della Vita, Università degli Studi dell'Insubria, Varese, Italy
| | - Giulia Murtas
- Dipartimento di Biotecnologie e Scienze della Vita, Università degli Studi dell'Insubria, Varese, Italy
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21
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Kleiner G, Barca E, Ziosi M, Emmanuele V, Xu Y, Hidalgo-Gutierrez A, Qiao C, Tadesse S, Area-Gomez E, Lopez LC, Quinzii CM. CoQ 10 supplementation rescues nephrotic syndrome through normalization of H 2S oxidation pathway. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2018; 1864:3708-3722. [PMID: 30251690 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2018.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2018] [Revised: 08/03/2018] [Accepted: 09/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Nephrotic syndrome (NS), a frequent chronic kidney disease in children and young adults, is the most common phenotype associated with primary coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) deficiency and is very responsive to CoQ10 supplementation, although the pathomechanism is not clear. Here, using a mouse model of CoQ deficiency-associated NS, we show that long-term oral CoQ10 supplementation prevents kidney failure by rescuing defects of sulfides oxidation and ameliorating oxidative stress, despite only incomplete normalization of kidney CoQ levels and lack of rescue of CoQ-dependent respiratory enzymes activities. Liver and kidney lipidomics, and urine metabolomics analyses, did not show CoQ metabolites. To further demonstrate that sulfides metabolism defects cause oxidative stress in CoQ deficiency, we show that silencing of sulfide quinone oxido-reductase (SQOR) in wild-type HeLa cells leads to similar increases of reactive oxygen species (ROS) observed in HeLa cells depleted of the CoQ biosynthesis regulatory protein COQ8A. While CoQ10 supplementation of COQ8A depleted cells decreases ROS and increases SQOR protein levels, knock-down of SQOR prevents CoQ10 antioxidant effects. We conclude that kidney failure in CoQ deficiency-associated NS is caused by oxidative stress mediated by impaired sulfides oxidation and propose that CoQ supplementation does not significantly increase the kidney pool of CoQ bound to the respiratory supercomplexes, but rather enhances the free pool of CoQ, which stabilizes SQOR protein levels rescuing oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulio Kleiner
- Department of Neurology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, United States
| | - Emanuele Barca
- Department of Neurology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, United States
| | - Marcello Ziosi
- Department of Neurology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, United States
| | - Valentina Emmanuele
- Department of Neurology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, United States
| | - Yimeng Xu
- Department of Pathology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, United States
| | | | - Changhong Qiao
- Irving Institute for Clinical and Translational Research, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, United States
| | - Saba Tadesse
- Department of Neurology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, United States
| | - Estela Area-Gomez
- Department of Neurology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, United States
| | - Luis C Lopez
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Catarina M Quinzii
- Department of Neurology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, United States.
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