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Yang B, Miao R, Tian Z, Wang T, Zhu F, Li T, Li W, Wu J. The influence of traditional Chinese exercise on brain function compared with other sports: A meta-analysis on functional neuroimaging studies. Heliyon 2024; 10:e36736. [PMID: 39281439 PMCID: PMC11395735 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e36736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2024] [Revised: 08/20/2024] [Accepted: 08/21/2024] [Indexed: 09/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Traditional Chinese Exercise (TCE) has been shown to improve quality of life, and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) is a highly used method for investigating its mechanism. However, there is currently a lack of systematic reviews and meta-analyses focusing on TCE-related brain changes. This study aims to fill this gap by conducting a meta-analysis on brain changes of TCE with fMRI technology. We searched relevant studies published until February 2024. Independent researchers conducted literature screening, quality assessment, and clinical and neuroimaging data extraction. Focis were filtered from eligible studies, and meta-analysis was performed using seed-based d mapping. Twenty-three studies involving 1182 participants were included in this study. The result found that longitudinal TCE increased brain activity in the left anterior cingulate gyri, right fusiform gyrus, right middle temporal gyrus, left middle occipital gyrus and left frontal superior compared with other exercises or healthcare. Subgroup analysis showed that the brain activity in the right superior frontal gyrus dorsolateral; right cortico-spinal projections; corpus callosum; right inferior network; right gyrus rectus; left middle occipital gyrus were decreased after TCE compared to other exercise among healthy participants. The right median cingulate gyri was increased after Baduanjin (one of the TCE) compared to other exercise; the left precentral gyrus activity was increased after Tai chi chuan (TCC) practice compared to other exercise. The brain activity in the right insula, right supplementary motor area, and left anterior thalamic were significantly increased after long-time TCC exercise. TCE effectively improved the cognitive level of the subjects. Among them, the MoCA score increased, but Memory Quotient was not improved. Research results indicate that TCE have specific neuromodulatory effects, and different TCE have different neuromodulatory patterns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Yang
- Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Runqing Miao
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Zilei Tian
- Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Tianyu Wang
- Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Fengya Zhu
- Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Tao Li
- Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Wuyu Li
- Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- People's Hospital of Leshan, China
| | - Jie Wu
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
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2
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Cerna J, Gupta P, He M, Ziegelman L, Hu Y, Hernandez ME. Tai Chi Practice Buffers Aging Effects in Functional Brain Connectivity. Brain Sci 2024; 14:901. [PMID: 39335397 PMCID: PMC11430092 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci14090901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2024] [Revised: 08/21/2024] [Accepted: 09/03/2024] [Indexed: 09/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Tai Chi (TC) practice has been shown to improve both cognitive and physical function in older adults. However, the neural mechanisms underlying the benefits of TC remain unclear. Our primary aims are to explore whether distinct age-related and TC-practice-related relationships can be identified with respect to either temporal or spatial (within/between-network connectivity) differences. This cross-sectional study examined recurrent neural network dynamics, employing an adaptive, data-driven thresholding approach to source-localized resting-state EEG data in order to identify meaningful connections across time-varying graphs, using both temporal and spatial features derived from a hidden Markov model (HMM). Mann-Whitney U tests assessed between-group differences in temporal and spatial features by age and TC practice using either healthy younger adult controls (YACs, n = 15), healthy older adult controls (OACs, n = 15), or Tai Chi older adult practitioners (TCOAs, n = 15). Our results showed that aging is associated with decreased within-network and between-network functional connectivity (FC) across most brain networks. Conversely, TC practice appears to mitigate these age-related declines, showing increased FC within and between networks in older adults who practice TC compared to non-practicing older adults. These findings suggest that TC practice may abate age-related declines in neural network efficiency and stability, highlighting its potential as a non-pharmacological intervention for promoting healthy brain aging. This study furthers the triple-network model, showing that a balancing and reorientation of attention might be engaged not only through higher-order and top-down mechanisms (i.e., FPN/DAN) but also via the coupling of bottom-up, sensory-motor (i.e., SMN/VIN) networks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan Cerna
- Neuroscience Program, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA; (J.C.); (M.H.); (L.Z.)
| | - Prakhar Gupta
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA;
| | - Maxine He
- Neuroscience Program, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA; (J.C.); (M.H.); (L.Z.)
| | - Liran Ziegelman
- Neuroscience Program, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA; (J.C.); (M.H.); (L.Z.)
| | - Yang Hu
- Department of Kinesiology, San Jose State University, San Jose, CA 95192, USA;
| | - Manuel E. Hernandez
- Neuroscience Program, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA; (J.C.); (M.H.); (L.Z.)
- Department of Biomedical and Translational Sciences, Carle Illinois College of Medicine, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
- Department of Kinesiology and Community Health, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
- Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
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Kaufman M, Dyrek P, Fredericson M, Oppezzo M, Roche M, Frehlich L, Noordsy D. The Role of Physical Exercise in Cognitive Preservation: A Systematic Review. Am J Lifestyle Med 2024; 18:574-591. [PMID: 39262880 PMCID: PMC11384842 DOI: 10.1177/15598276231201555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Dementia, or major neurocognitive disorder, is one of the most common causes of disability and dependency in older adults with far-reaching social, physical, and economic impacts. In the absence of adequate treatment, much research has been directed towards prevention. Physical exercise has been shown to increase cerebral blood flow, amplify production of neurotrophic factors, and enhance brain volume. Whether these changes on a structural and cellular level result in cognitive preservation is less clear. This systematic review synthesizes findings from seventeen randomized controlled trials that examine the effects of physical activity on global cognition, memory, and executive function in older adults. Cognitive benefits of exercise are strongest for those who are cognitively intact or with mild cognitive impairment. In studies with long-term follow up, cognitive gains tended to decay after cessation of physical intervention suggesting that sustained physical exercise may be required to preserve cognitive function in older adults prior to onset of dementia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matt Kaufman
- Division of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Stanford University, Redwood City, CA, USA (MK, PD, MF)
| | - Paige Dyrek
- Division of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Stanford University, Redwood City, CA, USA (MK, PD, MF)
| | - Michael Fredericson
- Division of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Stanford University, Redwood City, CA, USA (MK, PD, MF)
| | - Marily Oppezzo
- Department of Medicine, Prevention Research Center, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, USA (MO)
| | - Megan Roche
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, USA (MR)
| | - Levi Frehlich
- Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada (LF)
| | - Douglas Noordsy
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA (DN)
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Kang P, Wang AZX. Microbiota-gut-brain axis: the mediator of exercise and brain health. PSYCHORADIOLOGY 2024; 4:kkae007. [PMID: 38756477 PMCID: PMC11096970 DOI: 10.1093/psyrad/kkae007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Revised: 04/04/2024] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024]
Abstract
The brain controls the nerve system, allowing complex emotional and cognitive activities. The microbiota-gut-brain axis is a bidirectional neural, hormonal, and immune signaling pathway that could link the gastrointestinal tract to the brain. Over the past few decades, gut microbiota has been demonstrated to be an essential component of the gastrointestinal tract that plays a crucial role in regulating most functions of various body organs. The effects of the microbiota on the brain occur through the production of neurotransmitters, hormones, and metabolites, regulation of host-produced metabolites, or through the synthesis of metabolites by the microbiota themselves. This affects the host's behavior, mood, attention state, and the brain's food reward system. Meanwhile, there is an intimate association between the gut microbiota and exercise. Exercise can change gut microbiota numerically and qualitatively, which may be partially responsible for the widespread benefits of regular physical activity on human health. Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) is a non-invasive method to show areas of brain activity enabling the delineation of specific brain regions involved in neurocognitive disorders. Through combining exercise tasks and fMRI techniques, researchers can observe the effects of exercise on higher brain functions. However, exercise's effects on brain health via gut microbiota have been little studied. This article reviews and highlights the connections between these three interactions, which will help us to further understand the positive effects of exercise on brain health and provide new strategies and approaches for the prevention and treatment of brain diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piao Kang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Diabetes Institute, Shanghai Clinical Center for Diabetes, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Diabetes Mellitus, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200233, China
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
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Ribeiro da Silva D, Blujus Dos Santos Rohde C, Tavares H. Tai Chi Chuan evidence related to impulsivity and impulse related disorders: A scoping review. J Bodyw Mov Ther 2024; 38:583-592. [PMID: 38763612 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbmt.2024.03.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Revised: 03/03/2024] [Accepted: 03/12/2024] [Indexed: 05/21/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The purpose of this study was to review the evidence for the potential of Tai Chi Chuan (TCC) as a model of meditative movement in benefiting people with impulsivity related disorders and provide guidance for future research. METHODS A scoping review of the literature was conducted in five databases. Eligibility criteria were original articles reporting TCC based interventions or included TCC techniques and provided any assessment on impulsivity or related measures, impulse control disorders, or other psychiatric disorders related to impulsivity (e.g., addictive disorders, ADHD, and other conduct disorders). Twenty-eight out of 304 studies initially retrieved were reviewed. The reports concentrated mostly on neurodegenerative conditions, cognitive decline, and substance use disorders (SUD). RESULTS TCC had several positive effects in cognitive domains resulting in improvements in memory, executive functions, inhibitory control, attention, and verbal fluency. These improvements in memory, executive function, including inhibitory control and attention, and verbal fluency were associated with changes in the brain plasticity, resting activity, and other neurobiological markers. CONCLUSION Albeit no study was found on the use of TCC in impulse control disorders or impulse related conditions, other than SUD, the findings suggest that considering the behavioral impact of TCC, especially the improvement of executive functions, it could be a valuable therapeutic tool for approaching impulse control related disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Djanira Ribeiro da Silva
- Instituto de Psiquiatria, Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo, R. André de Bom Furlanes, 252. Sorocaba, Sao Paulo, SP, 18057-030, Brazil.
| | - Ciro Blujus Dos Santos Rohde
- Departamento de Psiquiatria, Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo, R. Dr. Ovídio Pires de Campos, 785 - Cerqueira César, Sao Paulo, SP, 05403-903, Brazil
| | - Hermano Tavares
- Departamento de Psiquiatria, Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo, R. Dr. Ovídio Pires de Campos, 785 - Cerqueira César, Sao Paulo, SP, 05403-903, Brazil
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6
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Wang M, Lyu B. Effect of 24-form simplified Tai Chi on executive inhibitory control of college students: a randomized controlled trial of EEG. Front Psychol 2024; 15:1344989. [PMID: 38515964 PMCID: PMC10955120 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1344989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Background College students, undergoing crucial cognitive development, face challenges during the COVID-19 pandemic that impact their executive functions. While existing research indicates positive effects of Tai Chi (TC) on college students' cognitive abilities, there is a scarcity of studies investigating its impact on executive functions and frontal brain activity. Objective This study aimed to compare the effects of 24-form simplified TC training on college students' executive functions and frontal brain electrical activity. The hypothesis posited that the TC group would exhibit superior performance compared to the control group during COVID-19 pandemic. Method Seventy college students were randomly assigned to either TC group or control group, engaging in 36 sessions (3 sessions per week, 45 min each) over 12 weeks. Executive inhibitory control was assessed using the Stroop Color and Word Test, and resting brain electrical activity in the frontal area was recorded through Electroencephalography. Result ACC was influenced by group, group-time interaction, and Stroop task-time interaction. RT was affected by time, task condition, task condition-time interaction, and task condition-group interaction. Notably, the TC group showed improved ACC (from 96.54 ± 3.27% to 98.90 ± 1.32%) and decreased RT (from 0.73 ± 0.12 to 0.66 ± 0.07 s), particularly in the inconsistent task. Regarding EEG band power, significant Group and Time interaction effects were found in F3-θ, F3-α, F3-β, F4-θ, and F4-α. Moreover, within the TC group, significant increases in F3-θ band power (from 4.66 ± 3.55 to 7.71 ± 8.44) and F4-θ band power (from 4.41 ± 2.82 to 8.61 ± 9.51) (10-3·μV·Hz) were noted pre-and post-tests. In the control group, significant decreases were observed in F3-α band power (from 5.18 ± 4.61 to 2.79 ± 2.11) and F4-α band power (from 5.57 ± 6.58 to 2.48 ± 1.95) (10-3·μV·Hz). Conclusion The pandemic-induced panic may impact frontal lobe brain activity in college students. TC training not only improves executive inhibitory control but may also enhance localized brain activity, suggesting its potential as a holistic intervention for cognitive and neurological well-being during stressful periods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Wang
- Public Sports Department, Institute of Physical Education, Huzhou University, Huzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Bei Lyu
- Chinese Graduate School, Panyapiwat Institute of Management, Nonthaburi, Thailand
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Wu M, Liu H, Huang J, Liu W, Liu Z, Xu Y. Synergistic effect of Tai Chi and transcranial direct current stimulation on memory function in patients with mild cognitive impairment: study protocol for a 2×2 factorial randomised controlled trial. BMJ Open 2023; 13:e076196. [PMID: 37989387 PMCID: PMC10668187 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2023-076196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 11/23/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Interventions at the mild cognitive impairment (MCI) stage prevent or delay the progression of cognitive decline. In recent years, several studies have shown that physical exercise combined with transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) effectively delays the disease and promotes cognitive recovery in patients with MCI. This study aims to determine whether Tai Chi (TC) combined with tDCS can significantly improve memory in patients with MCI compared with TC or tDCS alone. METHODS AND ANALYSIS This clinical trial will use a 2×2 factorial design, enrolling 128 community-dwelling MCI patients, randomly categorised into four groups: TC, tDCS, TC combined with tDCS and the health education group. Outcome measures will include the Chinese Wechsler Memory Scale-Revised, Auditory Verbal Learning Test and Rey-Osterrieth Complex Figure Test. All assessments will be conducted at baseline and 3 months after the intervention. All analyses will use intention-to-treat or per-protocol methods. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION Ethics approval was obtained from the Ethics Committee of the Affiliated Rehabilitation Hospital of the Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine (2022KY-002-01). The results of the study will be disseminated through peer-reviewed publications and at scientific conferences. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER ChiCTR2200059316.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengyuan Wu
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, China
| | - Hong Liu
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, China
| | - Jia Huang
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Orthopedics & Traumatology of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Rehabilitation, Ministry of Education, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, China
| | - Weilin Liu
- Key Laboratory of Orthopedics & Traumatology of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Rehabilitation, Ministry of Education, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, China
- National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Rehabilitation Medicine Technology, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, China
| | - Zhizhen Liu
- Key Laboratory of Orthopedics & Traumatology of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Rehabilitation, Ministry of Education, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, China
- Science and Technology Branch, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, China
| | - Ying Xu
- Key Laboratory of Orthopedics & Traumatology of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Rehabilitation, Ministry of Education, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, China
- National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Rehabilitation Medicine Technology, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, China
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8
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Han YMY, Chan MMY, Choi CXT, Law MCH, Ahorsu DK, Tsang HWH. The neurobiological effects of mind-body exercise: a systematic review and meta-analysis of neuroimaging studies. Sci Rep 2023; 13:10948. [PMID: 37415072 PMCID: PMC10326064 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-37309-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The neurobiological effects of mind-body exercise on brain activation, functional neural connections and structural changes in the brain remain elusive. This systematic review and coordinate-based meta-analysis investigated the changes in resting-state and task-based brain activation, as well as structural brain changes before and after mind-body exercise compared to waitlist or active controls based on published structural or functional magnetic resonance imaging randomized controlled trials or cross-sectional studies. Electronic database search and manual search in relevant publications yielded 34 empirical studies with low-to-moderate risk of bias (assessed by Cochrane risk-of-bias tool for randomized trials or Joanna Briggs Institute's critical appraisal checklist for analytical cross-sectional studies) that fulfilled the inclusion criteria, with 26 studies included in the narrative synthesis and 8 studies included in the meta-analysis. Coordinate-based meta-analysis showed that, while mind-body exercise enhanced the activation of the left anterior cingulate cortex within the default mode network (DMN), it induced more deactivation in the left supramarginal gyrus within the ventral attention network (uncorrected ps < 0.05). Meta-regression with duration of mind-body practice as a factor showed that, the activation of right inferior parietal gyrus within the DMN showed a positive association with increasing years of practice (voxel-corrected p < 0.005). Although mind-body exercise is shown to selectively modulate brain functional networks supporting attentional control and self-awareness, the overall certainty of evidence is limited by small number of studies. Further investigations are needed to understand the effects of both short-term and long-term mind-body exercise on structural changes in the brain.PROSPERO registration number: CRD42021248984.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yvonne M Y Han
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China.
| | - Melody M Y Chan
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, 4072, Australia
| | - Coco X T Choi
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Maxwell C H Law
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Daniel Kwasi Ahorsu
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Department of Special Education and Counselling, The Education University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Hector W H Tsang
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
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Xie Y, Cai K, Dai J, Wei G. Enhanced Integrity of White Matter Microstructure in Mind-Body Practitioners: A Whole-Brain Diffusion Tensor Imaging Study. Brain Sci 2023; 13:brainsci13040691. [PMID: 37190656 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci13040691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2023] [Revised: 04/17/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Tai Chi Chuan (TCC) is an increasingly popular multimodal mind-body practice with potential cognitive benefits, yet the neurobiological mechanisms underlying these effects, particularly in relation to brain white matter (WM) microstructure, remain largely unknown. In this study, we used diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) and the attention network test (ANT) to compare 22 TCC practitioners and 18 healthy controls. We found extensive differences in fractional anisotropy (FA), mean diffusivity (MD), axial diffusivity (AD), and radial diffusivity (RD) between the two groups. Specifically, TCC practitioners had significantly different diffusion metrics in the corticospinal tract (CST), fornix (FX)/stria terminalis (ST), and cerebral peduncle (CP). We also observed a significant correlation between increased FA values in the right CP and ANT performance in TCC practitioners. Our findings suggest that optimized regional WM microstructure may contribute to the complex information processing associated with TCC practice, providing insights for preventing cognitive decline and treating neurological disorders with cognitive impairment in clinical rehabilitation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingrong Xie
- CAS Key Laboratory of Behavioral Science, Institute of Psychology, Beijing 100101, China
- Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Kelong Cai
- College of Physical Education, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225127, China
| | - Jingang Dai
- Experimental Research Center, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, National Chinese Medicine Experts Inheritance Office of Song Jun, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Gaoxia Wei
- CAS Key Laboratory of Behavioral Science, Institute of Psychology, Beijing 100101, China
- Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
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10
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Wong MYC, Ou KL, Chung PK, Chui KYK, Zhang CQ. The relationship between physical activity, physical health, and mental health among older Chinese adults: A scoping review. Front Public Health 2023; 10:914548. [PMID: 36684983 PMCID: PMC9853435 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.914548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The aging Chinese population is growing fast, and the proportion of the population aged 60 years old is projected to reach 28% by 2040, estimated 402 million. With increased life expectancy, the aging population tends to suffer from health risks and diseases, which create a burden on public health policy. Hence, it is essential to promote healthy and active aging, which includes improving older adults' physical and mental capacities and advocating for the achievement of a healthy life expectancy. Despite the rapidly growing aging population in China, there have been no reviews investigating the effect of physical activity on physical and mental health among older Chinese adults. Therefore, the current study aimed to review studies from the past 15 years that illustrate the effect of physical activity on physical and mental health among Chinese older adults. Based on the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) extension for scoping reviews (PRISMA-ScR), this review addresses the associations between physical activity, physical health and mental health among older Chinese adults. A total of 371 studies were included in the scoping review, which covered the relationships between physical activity, physical health and mental health variables. The scoping review also revealed the impact of various kinds of physical activity affecting older adults' physical health, such as functional fitness, body composition, fall risk and balance, and mental health issues, such as depression, anxiety, cognitive function and quality of life. Moreover, studies have identified innovative forms of physical activity as emerging trends in physical activity interventions for older adults. To conclude, this scoping review captured the common effects between physical activity and overall wellbeing, including physical, mental, and cognitive health. Additionally, diverse forms of physical activity intervention, such as group-based and supervised individual interventions, should be supported, and cross-cultural exercise comparisons should be made in future explorations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Yu Claudia Wong
- Department of Sport, Physical Education and Health, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Kai-ling Ou
- Department of Sport, Physical Education and Health, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Pak Kwong Chung
- Department of Sport, Physical Education and Health, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Kei Yee Katie Chui
- Department of Sport, Physical Education and Health, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Chun-qing Zhang
- Department of Psychology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
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11
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Fong SSM, Chung LMY, Schooling CM, Lau EHY, Wong JYH, Bae YH, Chung JWY. Tai chi-muscle power training for children with developmental coordination disorder: a randomized controlled trial. Sci Rep 2022; 12:22078. [PMID: 36543796 PMCID: PMC9769475 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-25822-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
This study compared the effectiveness of tai chi (TC) muscle power training (MPT), TC alone, MPT alone, and no training for improving the limits of stability (LOS) and motor and leg muscular performance and decreasing falls in children with developmental coordination disorder (DCD). One hundred and twenty-one children with DCD were randomly assigned to the TC-MPT, TC, MPT, or control group. The three intervention groups received TC-MPT, TC, or MPT three times per week for 3 months. Measurements were taken before and after the intervention period. The primary outcomes were the LOS completion time and dynamic LOS scores. The secondary outcomes included the Movement Assessment Battery for Children-Second Edition total test score and percentile rank, knee muscle peak force and time to peak force, and the number of falls. None of the interventions affected the LOS test scores. Improvements in the peak forces of the knee extensors and flexors were demonstrated in the TC (p = 0.006) and MPT groups (p = 0.032), respectively. The number of falls also decreased in these two groups (p < 0.001). Thus, clinicians may prescribe TC or MPT for children with DCD to increase their knee muscle strength and reduce their risk of falls.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shirley S. M. Fong
- grid.419993.f0000 0004 1799 6254Department of Health and Physical Education, The Education University of Hong Kong, Tai Po, N.T, Hong Kong S.A.R. China ,grid.194645.b0000000121742757School of Public Health, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong S.A.R. China
| | - Louisa M. Y. Chung
- grid.419993.f0000 0004 1799 6254Department of Health and Physical Education, The Education University of Hong Kong, Tai Po, N.T, Hong Kong S.A.R. China
| | - Catherine Mary Schooling
- grid.194645.b0000000121742757School of Public Health, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong S.A.R. China ,grid.212340.60000000122985718Graduate School of Public Health and Health Policy, City University of New York, New York, USA
| | - Eric H. Y. Lau
- grid.194645.b0000000121742757School of Public Health, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong S.A.R. China
| | - Janet Y. H. Wong
- grid.194645.b0000000121742757School of Nursing, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong S.A.R. China
| | - Young-Hyeon Bae
- grid.419707.c0000 0004 0642 3290Korea National Rehabilitation Center, Department of Healthcare and Public Health, Rehabilitation Research Institute, Seoul, 01022 Korea
| | - Joanne W. Y. Chung
- School of Nursing and Health Studies, Hong Kong Metropolitan University, Homantin, Hong Kong S.A.R. China
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12
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Wang R, Zhou H, Wang YC, Chang XL, Wang XQ. Benefits of Tai Chi Quan on neurodegenerative diseases: A systematic review. Ageing Res Rev 2022; 82:101741. [PMID: 36220604 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2022.101741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2022] [Revised: 09/12/2022] [Accepted: 09/27/2022] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neurodegenerative diseases have become an important concern with the accelerated aging process. Tai Chi Quan (TCQ) has positive benefits for brain health and chronic diseases. The aim of this study was to summarize the protective effects of TCQ for motor function, cognition, quality of life, and mood in patients with neurodegenerative diseases. METHODS A systematic search was conducted via PubMed database and the Web of Science core collection database until August 20, 2021. The available English systematic reviews, meta-analyses, and clinical trials were included. Two reviewers completed the screening and assessment process independently. RESULTS A total of 28 studies on Parkinson's disease, 21 on cognitive impairment, and 9 on multiple sclerosis met the included criteria. The study found that TCQ remarkably improved general motor function and balance, and prevented falls for Parkinson's disease. TCQ significantly improved global cognitive function for cognitive impairment. TCQ was likely safe and beneficial for multiple sclerosis as result of heterogeneous outcomes and small samples. CONCLUSION TCQ exercise can effectively improve the motor function, global cognitive function, and falls in patients with neurodegenerative diseases. However, the positive effects of TCQ on the quality of life and mood of patients with neurodegenerative diseases need further evidence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Wang
- Department of Sports Rehabilitation, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Hao Zhou
- Department of Sports Rehabilitation, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Yu-Chen Wang
- Department of Sports Rehabilitation, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Xiao-Long Chang
- School of Physical Education and Training, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Xue-Qiang Wang
- Department of Sports Rehabilitation, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai 200438, China; Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Shanghai Shangti Orthopaedic Hospital, Shanghai 200438, China.
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13
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Chen Y, Wan A, Mao M, Sun W, Song Q, Mao D. Tai Chi practice enables prefrontal cortex bilateral activation and gait performance prioritization during dual-task negotiating obstacle in older adults. Front Aging Neurosci 2022; 14:1000427. [PMID: 36466597 PMCID: PMC9716214 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2022.1000427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 09/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND With aging, the cognitive function of the prefrontal cortex (PFC) declined, postural control weakened, and fall risk increased. As a mind-body exercise, regular Tai Chi practice could improve postural control and effectively prevent falls; however, underlying brain mechanisms remained unclear, which were shed light on by analyzing the effect of Tai Chi on the PFC in older adults by means of functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS). METHODS 36 healthy older adults without Tai Chi experience were divided randomly into Tai Chi group and Control group. The experiment was conducted four times per week for 16 weeks; 27 participants remained and completed the experiment. Negotiating obstacle task (NOT) and negotiating obstacle with cognitive task (NOCT) were performed pre- and post-intervention, and Brodmann area 10 (BA10) was detected using fNIRS for hemodynamic response. A three-dimensional motion capture system measured walking speed. RESULTS After intervention in the Tai Chi group under NOCT, the HbO2 concentration change value (ΔHbO2) in BA10 was significantly greater (right BA10: p = 0.002, left BA10: p = 0.001), walking speed was significantly faster (p = 0.040), and dual-task cost was significantly lower than pre-intervention (p = 0.047). ΔHbO2 in BA10 under NOCT was negatively correlated with dual-task cost (right BA10: r = -0.443, p = 0.021, left BA10: r = -0.448, p = 0.019). There were strong negative correlations between ΔHbO2 and ΔHbR under NOCT either pre-intervention (left PFC r = -0.841, p < 0.001; right PFC r = -0.795, p < 0.001) or post-intervention (left PFC r = -0.842, p < 0.001; right PFC r = -0.744, p < 0.001). CONCLUSION Tai Chi practice might increase the cognitive resources in older adults through the PFC bilateral activation to prioritize gait performance during negotiating obstacles under a dual-task condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Chen
- College of Sport and Health, Shandong Sport University, Jinan, Shandong, China
- School of Kinesiology, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China
| | - Aiying Wan
- College of Sport and Health, Shandong Sport University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Min Mao
- School of Nursing and Rehabilitation, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Wei Sun
- College of Sport and Health, Shandong Sport University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Qipeng Song
- College of Sport and Health, Shandong Sport University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Dewei Mao
- College of Sport and Health, Shandong Sport University, Jinan, Shandong, China
- School of Kinesiology, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China
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14
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Wang XQ, Xiong HY, Du SH, Yang QH, Hu L. The effect and mechanism of traditional Chinese exercise for chronic low back pain in middle-aged and elderly patients: A systematic review. Front Aging Neurosci 2022; 14:935925. [PMID: 36299610 PMCID: PMC9590689 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2022.935925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Increasing lines of evidence indicate that traditional Chinese exercise (TCE) has potential benefits in improving chronic low back pain (CLBP) symptoms. To assess the clinical efficacy of TCE in the treatment of CLBP, we performed a systematic review of existing randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of CLBP and summarized the neural mechanisms underlying TCE in the treatment of CLBP. Methods A systematic search was conducted in four electronic databases: PubMed, Embase, the Cochrane Library, and EBSCO from January 1991 to March 2022. The quality of all included RCTs was evaluated by the Physiotherapy Evidence Database Scale (PEDro). The primary outcomes included pain severity and pain-related disability. Results A total of 11 RCTs with 1,256 middle-aged and elderly patients with CLBP were included. The quality of all 11 included RCTs ranged from moderate to high according to PEDro. Results suggested that TCE could considerably reduce pain intensity in patients with CLBP. Overall, most studies did not find any difference in secondary outcomes (quality of life, depression, and sleep quality). Conclusion The neurophysiological mechanism of TCE for treating CLBP could be linked to meditation and breathing, posture control, strength and flexibility training, and regulation of pain-related brain networks. Our systematic review showed that TCE appears to be effective in alleviating pain in patients with CLBP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue-Qiang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Department of Sport Rehabilitation, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China
| | - Huan-Yu Xiong
- Department of Sport Rehabilitation, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China
| | - Shu-Hao Du
- Department of Sport Rehabilitation, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China
| | - Qi-Hao Yang
- Department of Sport Rehabilitation, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China
| | - Li Hu
- Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
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15
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Zhang J, Liu Y, Li Z, Bian Y, Zhou Q, Shan C, Qi R. Research progress on the effect and mechanism of Tai Ji Quan in the treatment of post-stroke depression. JOURNAL OF ACUPUNCTURE AND TUINA SCIENCE 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s11726-022-1341-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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16
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Chen W, Zhang X, Xie H, He Q, Shi Z. Brain Functional Connectivity in Middle-Aged Hong Chuan Tai Chi Players in Resting State. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:12232. [PMID: 36231536 PMCID: PMC9565129 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph191912232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2022] [Revised: 09/15/2022] [Accepted: 09/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Tai Chi is an effective strategy for slowing cognitive decline, although the underlying mechanism remains unclear. We designed a cross-sectional study to examine brain functional connectivity in middle-aged Hong Chuan Tai Chi practitioners. Eighteen middle-aged Hong Chuan Tai Chi practitioners and 22 age-matched Tai Chi-naïve controls completed functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) tests to evaluate oxyhemoglobin changes in the prefrontal cortex (PFC), motor cortex (MC), and occipital cortex (OC) in five frequency intervals (I, 0.6-2 Hz; II, 0.145-0.6 Hz; III, 0.052-0.145 Hz; IV, 0.021-0.052 Hz; V, 0.0095-0.021 Hz). Wavelet phase coherence was used to analyze the match between the instantaneous phases of the two signals to accurately measure brain functional connectivity. Global cognition was measured using the Montreal Cognitive Assessment scale. Compared with the control group, Hong Chuan Tai Chi practitioners had better global cognition (p < 0.01) and showed higher functional connectivity of the PFC, MC, and OC in intervals I, III, VI, and V in the resting state within the same brain hemispheres or between the left and right hemispheres. Our findings revealed that middle-aged Hong Chuan Tai Chi practitioners had higher functional connectivity of the PFC, MC, and OC across both brain hemispheres in cardiac activity, myogenic activity, sympathetic nervous system, and endothelial cell metabolic activities which may contribute to higher global cognition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiqi Chen
- School of Physical Education, Shandong University, Jinan 250062, China
| | - Xianliang Zhang
- School of Physical Education, Shandong University, Jinan 250062, China
| | - Hui Xie
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Rehabilitation Technical Aids for Old-Age Disability, National Research Center for Rehabilitation Technical Aids, Beijing 100176, China
| | - Qiang He
- School of Physical Education, Shandong University, Jinan 250062, China
| | - Zhenguo Shi
- School of Physical Education, Shandong University, Jinan 250062, China
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17
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Li H, Su W, Dang H, Han K, Lu H, Yue S, Zhang H. Exercise Training for Mild Cognitive Impairment Adults Older Than 60: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. J Alzheimers Dis 2022; 88:1263-1278. [PMID: 35811527 PMCID: PMC9484098 DOI: 10.3233/jad-220243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Background: The prevalence of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) continues to increase due to population aging. Exercise has been a supporting health strategy that may elicit beneficial effects on cognitive function and prevent dementia. Objective: This study aimed to examine the effects of aerobic, resistance, and multimodal exercise training on cognition in adults aged > 60 years with MCI. Methods: We searched the Cochrane Library, PubMed, and Embase databases and ClinicalTrials.gov (https://clinicaltrials.gov) up to November 2021, with no language restrictions. We included all published randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing the effect of exercise programs on cognitive function with any other active intervention or no intervention in participants with MCI aged > 60 years. Results: Twelve RCTs were included in this review. Meta-analysis results revealed significant improvements in resistance training on measures of executive function (p < 0.05) and attention (p < 0.05); no significant differences were observed between aerobic exercise and controls on any of the cognitive comparisons. Conclusion: Exercise training had a small beneficial effect on executive function and attention in older adults with MCI. Larger studies are required to examine the effects of exercise and the possible moderators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Li
- Rehabilitation Center, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China.,China Rehabilitation Research Center, Beijing, China.,University of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Wenlong Su
- China Rehabilitation Research Center, Beijing, China
| | - Hui Dang
- Rehabilitation Center, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China.,China Rehabilitation Research Center, Beijing, China.,University of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Kaiyue Han
- China Rehabilitation Research Center, Beijing, China
| | - Haitao Lu
- China Rehabilitation Research Center, Beijing, China
| | - Shouwei Yue
- Rehabilitation Center, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China.,University of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Hao Zhang
- Rehabilitation Center, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China.,China Rehabilitation Research Center, Beijing, China.,University of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Qingdao, Shandong, China
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18
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Li X, Geng J, Du X, Si H, Wang Z. Relationship Between the Practice of Tai Chi for More Than 6 Months With Mental Health and Brain in University Students: An Exploratory Study. Front Hum Neurosci 2022; 16:912276. [PMID: 35814952 PMCID: PMC9263293 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2022.912276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2022] [Accepted: 05/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
To study whether Tai Chi (TC) practice can improve the brain connectivity of the prefrontal lobe of college students, the positive psychological capital questionnaires and resting EEG signals were acquired from 50 college students including 25 TC practitioners and 25 demographically matched TC healthy controls. The results showed that the score of the positive psychological capital questionnaire of the TC group was significantly higher than that of the control group, and the node degree of the frontal lobe and temporal lobe of both groups was positively correlated with the score of the positive psychological capital questionnaire. In addition, the response time of the TC group under auditory stimulation was significantly shorter than that of the control group, and there was a significant positive correlation between response time and its characteristic path length, and a significant negative correlation with global efficiency. Meanwhile, during the selected range of sparsity, the difference in global network parameters between two groups is significant in the alpha band. Under all single sparsity, the clustering coefficient, global efficiency, and local efficiency of the TC group have a higher trend, while the characteristic path length tended to be shorter. In the analysis of the local characteristics of the resting brain functional network, it was found that the node degree of the frontal lobe and temporal lobe of the TC group was higher, and the difference was significant in some nodes. These results all point to the fact that TC practice has a certain impact on specific brain areas of the brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyuan Li
- School of Electrical Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- School of Physical Education, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Jintao Geng
- School of Electrical Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xiaoyu Du
- School of Electrical Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Hongyu Si
- School of Physical Education, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Hongyu Si,
| | - Zhenlong Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- Zhenlong Wang,
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Li Y, Wu K, Hu X, Xu T, Li Z, Zhang Y, Li K. Altered Effective Connectivity of Resting-State Networks by Tai Chi Chuan in Chronic Fatigue Syndrome Patients: A Multivariate Granger Causality Study. Front Neurol 2022; 13:858833. [PMID: 35720086 PMCID: PMC9203735 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2022.858833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2022] [Accepted: 05/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Numerous evidence has shown that patients with chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS) have changes in resting brain functional connectivity, but there is no study on the brain network effect of Tai Chi Chuan intervention in CFS. To explore the influence of Tai Chi Chuan exercise on the causal relationship between brain functional networks in patients with CFS, 21 patients with CFS and 19 healthy controls were recruited for resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI) scanning and 36-item Short-Form Health Survey (SF-36) scale assessment before and after 1month-long training in Tai Chi Chuan. We extracted the resting brain networks using the independent component analysis (ICA) method, analyzed the changes of FC in these networks, conducted Granger causality analysis (GCA) on it, and analyzed the correlation between the difference causality value and the SF-36 scale. Compared to the healthy control group, the SF-36 scale scores of patients with CFS were lower at baseline. Meanwhile, the causal relationship between sensorimotor network (SMN) and default mode network (DMN) was weakened. The above abnormalities could be improved by Tai Chi Chuan training for 1 month. In addition, the correlation analyses showed that the causal relationship between SMN and DMN was positively correlated with the scores of Role Physical (RP) and Bodily Pain (BP) in CFS patients, and the change of causal relationship between SMN and DMN before and after training was positively correlated with the change of BP score. The findings suggest that Tai Chi Chuan is helpful to improve the quality of life for patients with CFS. The change of Granger causality between SMN and DMN may be a readout parameter of CFS. Tai Chi Chuan may promote the functional plasticity of brain networks in patients with CFS by regulating the information transmission between them.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyuan Li
- Department of Neurology and Stroke Center, Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Kang Wu
- Department of Neurology and Stroke Center, Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaojie Hu
- Department of Rehabilitation, Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Tianjiao Xu
- Department of Neurology and Stroke Center, Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Zongheng Li
- Department of Rehabilitation, Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Yong Zhang
- Department of Rehabilitation, Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Yong Zhang
| | - Kuangshi Li
- Department of Rehabilitation, Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
- Kuangshi Li
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20
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Song J, Wei L, Cheng K, Lin Q, Xia P, Wang X, Wang X, Yang T, Chen B, Ding A, Sun M, Chen A, Li X. The Effect of Modified Tai Chi Exercises on the Physical Function and Quality of Life in Elderly Women With Knee Osteoarthritis. Front Aging Neurosci 2022; 14:860762. [PMID: 35721018 PMCID: PMC9204295 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2022.860762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2022] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Knee osteoarthritis (KOA) is the leading cause of pain and stiffness, affecting older adults’ physical function and quality of life. As a form of mind-body exercise, Tai Chi has been recommended as an exercise prescription for KOA patients. This study examined the effects and continuation of modified Tai Chi exercises on physical function and quality of life in elderly women with KOA. Methods We conducted a single-blind, randomized controlled trial (RCT) on 40 older women with KOA. The participants were randomized to a 12 weeks Tai Chi or control group. The Tai Chi group attended a kind of modified Tai Chi training sessions three times per week; the control group attended wellness education sessions once a week. The primary outcome was the Western Ontario and McMaster University Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC). Secondary outcomes were the Berg Balance Scale (BBS), Timed Up and Go (TUG), Short-Form 36 (SF-36), Pittsburgh Sleep Quality of Index (PSQI), Self-rating Anxiety Scale (SAS), and Self-rating Depression Scale (SDS). Results After the 12-weeks the Tai Chi group showed significan improvement in the WOMAC pain (mean difference, −5.09 points, p = 0.001), WOMAC stiffness (mean difference, −3.60 points, p = 0.002), WOMAC physical function (mean difference, −11.21 points, p = 0.001) compared to the control group. In addition, the Tai Chi group had also significant improvement in the BBS (mean difference, 1.70 points, p = 0.008), TUG (mean difference, −0.52s, p = 0.001), SF-36PCS (mean difference, 7.60 points, p = 0.001), MCS (mean difference, 7.30 points, p = 0.001), PSQI (mean difference, −3.71 points, p = 0.001), SDS (mean difference, −5.37 points, p = 0.025) and SAS (mean difference, −5.06 points, p = 0.002). Conclusion The modified Tai Chi exercises are an effective treatment for improved physical function and quality of life in elderly women with KOA. Clinical Trial Registration The trial was registered in Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (ChiCTR2000040721), http://www.chictr.org.cn/edit.aspx?pid=65419&htm=4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiulong Song
- Department of Sports and Health, Nanjing Sport Institute, Nanjing, China
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Lijun Wei
- Maigaoqiao Community Health Service Center, Nanjing, China
| | - Kai Cheng
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Qiang Lin
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Peng Xia
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xinwei Wang
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiaoju Wang
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ting Yang
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Baoyi Chen
- Maigaoqiao Community Health Service Center, Nanjing, China
| | - Aimei Ding
- Maigaoqiao Community Health Service Center, Nanjing, China
| | - Mingyi Sun
- Department of Tourism and Social Management, Nanjing Xiaozhuang University, Nanjing, China
| | - Anliang Chen
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- *Correspondence: Anliang Chen Xueping Li
| | - Xueping Li
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- *Correspondence: Anliang Chen Xueping Li
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Effects of Tai Chi Exercise on Balance Function in Stroke Patients: An Overview of Systematic Review. Neural Plast 2022; 2022:3895514. [PMID: 35309256 PMCID: PMC8926482 DOI: 10.1155/2022/3895514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2021] [Revised: 01/27/2022] [Accepted: 02/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Tai chi (TC) has received increased attention in stroke rehabilitation, yet services are greatly underutilized. An increasing number of systematic reviews and meta-analyses (SRs/MAs) have begun to investigate the effects of TC on balance function in stroke patients. The aim of this current study was to systematically collate, appraise, and synthesize the results of these SRs/MAs using a systematic overview. Methods Eight databases were searched: PubMed, Cochrane Library, Embase, Web of Science, CNKI, SinoMed, Chongqing VIP, and Wanfang Data. SRs/MAs of TC on balance function in stroke patients were included. Literature selection, data extraction, and assessment of the review quality were performed by two independent reviewers. Methodological quality was assessed by the Assessing the Methodological Quality of Systematic Reviews 2 (AMSTAR-2), reporting quality by Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA), and evidence quality by Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE). Results Nine SRs/MAs were included in this study. For methodological quality, what resulted in unsatisfactory methodological quality was noncompliance with critical item 4 (using a comprehensive literature search strategy) and critical item 7 (providing the list of excluded research literature). For reporting quality, what resulted in unsatisfactory reporting quality was inadequate reporting of Q1 (protocol and registration), Q8 (search), Q15 (risk of bias across studies), Q16 (additional analyses), Q22 (risk of bias across studies), Q23 (additional analysis), and Q27 (funding). For GRADE, the evidence quality was high in 0, moderate in 3, low in 11, and very low in 6. Risk of bias was the most common factor leading to downgrading of evidence, followed by inconsistency, imprecision, publication bias, and indirectness. Conclusions TC may have beneficial effects on balance function in stroke survivors; however, this finding is limited by the generally low methodology, reporting quality, and evidence quality for published SRs/MAs.
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Wang R, Chang XL, Kiartivich S, Wang XQ. Effect of Tai Chi Quan on the Pressure Pain Thresholds of Lower Back Muscles in Healthy Women. J Pain Res 2022; 15:403-412. [PMID: 35173478 PMCID: PMC8842641 DOI: 10.2147/jpr.s353465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Accepted: 02/01/2022] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose Patients and Methods Results Conclusion
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Wang
- Department of Sport Rehabilitation, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Long Chang
- School of Physical Education and Training, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Suparata Kiartivich
- Department of Sport Rehabilitation, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xue-Qiang Wang
- Department of Sport Rehabilitation, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Shanghai Shangti Orthopaedic Hospital, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
- Correspondence: Xue-Qiang Wang, Department of Sport Rehabilitation, Shanghai University of Sport, 399 Changhai Road, Shanghai, 200438, People’s Republic of China, Tel +86 186 0161 2741, Email
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Han D, Cheng J, Qu J, Wen X, Liu X, Chen Y, Wen Y, Liu Z, Liu H, Huang Y. Effectiveness of Taijiquan in treating insomnia: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled studies. Front Psychiatry 2022; 13:892453. [PMID: 36238941 PMCID: PMC9551091 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.892453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2022] [Accepted: 08/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sleep efficiency of <80% based on actigraphy was defined as insomnia as self-reported difficulty falling asleep or waking up at night three to four times per week. It is known that adequate sleep is very important for human wellbeing, affecting people's work and life, insomnia will seriously damage our daily life. There is no recognized non-drug treatment. Studies have found that Taijiquan has a positive effect on insomnia patients. This systematic review and meta-analysis will evaluate the effect of Taijiquan on insomnia. METHODS To find all randomized controlled trials exploring the effects of Taijiquan on insomnia patients in Chinese and English, eight databases (Pubmed, Embase, Cochrane library, Web of Science, CNKI, CBM, VIP, and Wanfang Data) were searched. The retrieval time is from database construction to October 2021. Searches were conducted in both English and Chinese language. A meta-analysis by mean difference (MD) and 95% confidence interval (CI) was performed with RevMan 5.3. The risk of bias for each study was accounted for according to the Cochrane Handbook. Our primary outcome was Pittsburg Sleep Quality Index. We explored sources of heterogeneity by comparing effect sizes across different types of etiology, country, control group, and intervention type. The protocol was pre-registered with PROSPERO, CRD42021284511. RESULTS Twenty-one RCTs published between 2004 and 2021 with 2,022 participants were included in this study. Twenty-one randomized controlled studies showed that Tai Chi significantly improved PSQI scores in patients with cancer, muscle fibrosis, and sub-health insomnia [MD = -1.16, 95% CI (-1.62, -0.71), P < 0.01]; There is insufficient evidence of improvement in patients with cerebrovascular disease [MD = -0.54, 95% CI (-1.58, 0.51), P = 0.31]; 8-form, 10-form or 24-form Yang's Taijiquan had the same effect in improving PSQI [MD = -1.33, 95% CI (-1.85, -0.81), P < 0.01]. When there is no treatment, exercise, exercise and health education as the control, taijiquan has a significant effect on insomnia treatment, and there is no difference in efficacy compared with cognitive behavioral therapy and health education (usual care) alone. CONCLUSIONS The results of the study showed that Taijiquan significantly improved sleep quality in healthy adults and patients with chronic diseases, which suggests that Taijiquan may be considered as an alternative behavioral therapy in the treatment of insomnia. In the future, more high-quality, well-controlled randomized trials are needed to better inform clinical decisions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongmiao Han
- School of Rehabilitation, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
| | - Jinling Cheng
- School of Rehabilitation, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
| | - Jiayang Qu
- School of Rehabilitation, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
| | - Xin Wen
- School of Rehabilitation, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China.,Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, YueBei People's Hospital, Shaoguan, China
| | - Xuejin Liu
- School of Rehabilitation, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China.,Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, YueBei People's Hospital, Shaoguan, China
| | - Yanfeng Chen
- School of Rehabilitation, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
| | - Youliang Wen
- School of Rehabilitation, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
| | - Zicai Liu
- School of Rehabilitation, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China.,Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, YueBei People's Hospital, Shaoguan, China
| | - Huiyu Liu
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, YueBei People's Hospital, Shaoguan, China
| | - Ying Huang
- School of Rehabilitation, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
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24
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Shen QQ, Yin HC, Cui L, Zhang JY, Wang DL, Zhu LN, Wang Y, Li XJ. The Potential Advantages of Tai Chi Chuan in Promoting Inhibitory Control and Spontaneous Neural Activity in Young Adults. Front Behav Neurosci 2021; 15:747733. [PMID: 34803624 PMCID: PMC8600257 DOI: 10.3389/fnbeh.2021.747733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2021] [Accepted: 10/06/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Tai Chi Chuan (TCC) is assumed to exert beneficial effects on functional brain activity and cognitive function in elders. Until now, empirical evidence of TCC induced intra-regional spontaneous neural activity and inhibitory control remains inconclusive. Whether the effect of TCC is better than that of other aerobic exercises is still unknown, and the role of TCC in younger adults is not yet fully understood. Here we used resting-state functional MRI (fMRI) to investigate the effects of 8-week TCC (n = 12) and brisk walking (BW, n = 12) on inhibitory control and fractional amplitude of low-frequency fluctuations (fALFF). The results found that TCC had significant effects on inhibitory control performance and spontaneous neural activity that were associated with significantly increased fALFF in the left medial superior frontal gyrus (Cohen's d = 1.533) and the right fusiform gyrus (Cohen's d = 1.436) and decreased fALFF in the right dorsolateral superior frontal gyrus (Cohen's d = 1.405) and the right paracentral lobule (Cohen's d = 1.132).TCC exhibited stronger effects on spontaneous neural activity than the BW condition, as reflected in significantly increased fALFF in the left medial superior frontal gyrus (Cohen's d = 0.862). There was a significant positive correlation between the increase in fALFF in the left medial superior frontal gyrus and the enhancement in inhibitory control performance. The change in fALFF in the left medial superior frontal gyrus was able to explain the change in inhibitory control performance induced by TCC. In conclusion, our results indicated that 8 weeks of TCC intervention could improve processing efficiency related to inhibitory control and alter spontaneous neural activity in young adults, and TCC had potential advantages over BW intervention for optimizing spontaneous neural activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi-Qi Shen
- College of P. E. and Sports, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Heng-Chan Yin
- College of P. E. and Sports, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Lei Cui
- College of P. E. and Sports, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China.,State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Jing-Yi Zhang
- College of P. E. and Sports, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Dong-Ling Wang
- College of P. E. and Sports, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Li-Na Zhu
- College of P. E. and Sports, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Yuan Wang
- College of P. E. and Sports, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiu-Juan Li
- PE Department, Renmin University of China, Beijing, China
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25
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Lu K, Qiao X, Yun Q, Hao N. Educational diversity and group creativity: Evidence from fNIRS hyperscanning. Neuroimage 2021; 243:118564. [PMID: 34506915 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2021.118564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2021] [Revised: 09/06/2021] [Accepted: 09/06/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Educational diversity is defined as the diversity of educational backgrounds measured by multiple subjects. This study aimed to unveil the interpersonal neural correlates that underlie the effect of group educational diversity on group creativity. One hundred and sixteen college students were assigned to high educational diversity (HD; the members respectively majored in science or social science) or low educational diversity (LD; the members both majored in either science or social science) groups based on their academic majors. They were required to solve two problems that either demanded creativity (alternative uses task, AUT) or not (object characteristics task). We used functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS)-based hyperscanning to simultaneously record the neural responses of pairs of interacting participants in each group. The LD group showed more AUT fluency and perspective-taking behaviours than the HD group, whereas no group difference was observed for AUT uniqueness. Additionally, collective flexibility was higher in the HD group than in the LD group. The fNIRS results showed that the interpersonal brain synchronisation (IBS) increments at the right angular gyrus and right primary somatosensory cortex were greater in the LD group than in the HD group. These findings indicate that although high educational diversity benefits cognitive flexibility, it does not necessarily lead to a better idea quality or greater idea quantity. The greater IBS increments and perspective-taking behaviours that we observed in the LD group may account for this.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelong Lu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Psychological Crisis Intervention, School of Psychology and Cognitive Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xinuo Qiao
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Psychological Crisis Intervention, School of Psychology and Cognitive Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qiang Yun
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Psychological Crisis Intervention, School of Psychology and Cognitive Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ning Hao
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Psychological Crisis Intervention, School of Psychology and Cognitive Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China.
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26
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Liu F, Chen X, Nie P, Lin S, Guo J, Chen J, Yu L. Can Tai Chi Improve Cognitive Function? A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials. J Altern Complement Med 2021; 27:1070-1083. [PMID: 34314596 DOI: 10.1089/acm.2021.0084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Tai Chi (TC) is a traditional Chinese martial art with demonstrated beneficial effects on physical and mental health. In this study, the authors performed a systematic review to assess the efficiency of TC in different populations' cognitive function improvement. Design: The present systematic review utilized the Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure (1915-), Wanfang (1998-), VIP (1989-), Chinese Biomedicine databases (1978-), PubMed (1950-), Web of Science (1900-), Cochrane Library (1948-), Embase (1974-), EBSCOhost (1922-), and OVID (1996-) databases to search and identify relevant articles published in English and Chinese from the beginning of coverage through October 17, 2020. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) published from the beginning of coverage through October 17, 2020 in English and Chinese were retrieved from many indexing databases. Selected studies were graded according to the Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Intervention 5.1.0. The outcome measures of cognitive function due to traditional TC intervention were obtained. Meta-analysis was conducted by using RevMan 5.4 software. We follow the PRISMA 2020 guidelines. Results: Thirty-three RCTs, with a total of 1808 participants, were included. The study showed that TC could progress global cognition when assessed in middle-aged as well as elderly patients suffering from cognitive and executive function impairment. The findings are as follows: Montreal Cognitive Assessment Scale: mean difference (MD) = 3.23, 95% CI = 1.88-4.58, p < 0.00001, Mini-Mental State Exam: MD = 3.69, 95% CI = 0.31-7.08, p = 0.03, Trail Making Test-Part B: MD = -13.69, 95% CI = -21.64 to -5.74, p = 0.0007. The memory function of older adults assessed by the Wechsler Memory Scale was as follows: MD = 23.32, 95% CI = 17.93-28.71, p < 0.00001. The executive function of college students evaluated by E-prime software through the Flanker test was as follows: MD = -16.32, 95% CI = -22.71 to -9.94, p < 0.00001. Conclusion: The TC might have a positive effect on the improvement of cognitive function in middle-aged and elderly people with cognitive impairment as well as older adults and college students.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Liu
- Nursing College, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, China
| | - Xinming Chen
- Nursing College, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, China
| | - Pingying Nie
- Nursing College, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, China
| | - Shaohong Lin
- Nursing College, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, China
| | - Jiaying Guo
- Nursing College, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, China
| | - Junying Chen
- Department of Orthopedics, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fuzhou, China
| | - Liqiang Yu
- Nursing College, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, China
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27
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The features and mission of sport psychology in China. ASIAN JOURNAL OF SPORT AND EXERCISE PSYCHOLOGY 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ajsep.2021.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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28
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Cui L, Tao S, Yin HC, Shen QQ, Wang Y, Zhu LN, Li XJ. Tai Chi Chuan Alters Brain Functional Network Plasticity and Promotes Cognitive Flexibility. Front Psychol 2021; 12:665419. [PMID: 34267705 PMCID: PMC8275936 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.665419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2021] [Accepted: 06/01/2021] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective: This study used resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging to investigate the effects of 8 weeks of Tai Chi Chuan and general aerobic exercise on the topological parameters of brain functional networks, explored the advantages of Tai Chi Chuan for improving functional network plasticity and cognitive flexibility, and examined how changes in topological attributes of brain functional networks relate to cognitive flexibility. Methods: Thirty-six healthy adults were grouped into Tai Chi Chuan (Bafa Wubu of Tai Chi), general aerobic exercise (brisk walking), and control groups. All of the subjects underwent fMRI and behavioral assessment before and after the exercise intervention. Results: Tai Chi Chuan exercise significantly enhanced the clustering coefficient and local efficiency compared with general aerobic exercise. Regarding the nodal properties, Tai Chi Chuan significantly enhanced the nodal clustering coefficient of the bilateral olfactory cortex and left thalamus, significantly reduced the nodal clustering coefficient of the left inferior temporal gyrus, significantly improved the nodal efficiency of the right precuneus and bilateral posterior cingulate gyrus, and significantly improved the nodal local efficiency of the left thalamus and right olfactory cortex. Furthermore, the behavioral performance results demonstrated that cognitive flexibility was enhanced by Tai Chi Chuan. The change in the nodal clustering coefficient in the left thalamus induced by Tai Chi Chuan was a significant predictor of cognitive flexibility. Conclusion: These findings demonstrated that Tai Chi Chuan could promote brain functional specialization. Brain functional specialization enhanced by Tai Chi Chuan exercise was a predictor of greater cognitive flexibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Cui
- College of P.E. and Sports, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China.,State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Sha Tao
- State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Heng-Chan Yin
- College of P.E. and Sports, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Qi-Qi Shen
- College of P.E. and Sports, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Yuan Wang
- College of P.E. and Sports, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Li-Na Zhu
- College of P.E. and Sports, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiu-Juan Li
- PE Department, Renmin University of China, Beijing, China
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29
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The Effect of Tai Chi Chuan on Emotional Health: Potential Mechanisms and Prefrontal Cortex Hypothesis. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2021; 2021:5549006. [PMID: 34007290 PMCID: PMC8110391 DOI: 10.1155/2021/5549006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2021] [Revised: 03/25/2021] [Accepted: 04/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Deep involvement in the negative mood over long periods of time likely results in emotional disturbances/disorders and poor mental health. Tai Chi Chuan (TCC) is regarded as a typical mind-body practice combining aerobic exercise and meditation to prevent and treat negative mood. Although there are an increasing number of TCC studies examining anxiety, depression, and mental stress, the mechanisms underlying these negative emotions are not fully understood. This review study examined TCC studies related to emotional health from both clinical patients and healthy individuals. Next, several potential mechanisms from physiological, psychological, and neurological perspectives were evaluated based on direct and indirect research evidence. We reviewed recent functional magnetic resonance imaging studies, which demonstrated changes in brain anatomy and function, mainly in the prefrontal cortex, following TCC practice. Finally, the effects of TCC on emotion/mental health is depicted with a prefrontal cortex hypothesis that proposed “an immune system of the mind” indicating the role of the prefrontal cortex as a flexible hub in regulating an individual's mental health. The prefrontal cortex is likely a key biomarker among the multiple complex neural correlates to help an individual manage negative emotions/mental health. Future research is needed to examine TCC effects on mental health by examining the relationship between the executive control system (mainly prefrontal cortex) and limbic network (including amygdala, insula, and hippocampal gyrus).
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30
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Burgos PI, Cruz G, Hawkes T, Rojas-Sepúlveda I, Woollacott M. Behavioral and ERP Correlates of Long-Term Physical and Mental Training on a Demanding Switch Task. Front Psychol 2021; 12:569025. [PMID: 33708155 PMCID: PMC7940199 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.569025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2020] [Accepted: 01/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Physical and mental training are associated with positive effects on executive functions throughout the lifespan. However, evidence of the benefits of combined physical and mental regimes over a sedentary lifestyle remain sparse. The goal of this study was to investigate potential mechanisms, from a source-resolved event-related-potential perspective, that could explain how practicing long-term physical and mental exercise can benefit neural processing during the execution of an attention switching task. Fifty-three healthy community volunteers who self-reported long-term practice of Tai Chi (n = 10), meditation + exercise (n = 16), simple aerobics (n = 15), or a sedentary lifestyle (n = 12), aged 47.8 ± 14.6 (SD) were included in this analysis. All participants undertook high-density electroencephalography recording during a switch paradigm. Our results indicate that people who practice physical and mental exercise perform better in a task-switching paradigm. Our analysis revealed an additive effect of the combined practice of physical and mental exercise over physical exercise only. In addition, we confirmed the participation of frontal, parietal and cingulate areas as generators of event-related-potential components (N2-like and P3-like) commonly associated to the performance of switch tasks. Particularly, the N2-like component of the parietal and frontal domains showed significantly greater amplitudes in the exercise and mental training groups compared with aerobics and sedentary groups. Furthermore, we showed better performance associated with greater N2-like amplitudes. Our multivariate analysis revealed that activity type was the most relevant factor to explain the difference between groups, with an important influence of age, and body mass index, and with small effects of educational years, cardiovascular capacity, and sex. These results suggest that chronic combined physical and mental training may confer significant benefits to executive function in normally aging adults, probably through more efficient early attentional processing. Future experimental studies are needed to confirm our results and understand the mechanisms on parieto-frontal networks that contribute to the cognitive improvement associated with practicing combined mental and aerobic exercise, while carefully controlling confounding factors, such as age and body mass index.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pablo I Burgos
- Department of Neuroscience, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile.,Department of Physical Therapy, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Gabriela Cruz
- Institute of Neuroscience and Psychology, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Teresa Hawkes
- Oregon Research Institute, Eugene, OR, United States
| | | | - Marjorie Woollacott
- Department of Human Physiology and Institute of Neuroscience, University of Oregon, Eugene, OR, United States
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31
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Effects of Mind-Body Exercise on Brain Structure and Function: A Systematic Review on MRI Studies. Brain Sci 2021; 11:brainsci11020205. [PMID: 33562412 PMCID: PMC7915202 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci11020205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2020] [Revised: 01/26/2021] [Accepted: 02/04/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Mind–body exercise has been proposed to confer both physical and mental health benefits. However, there is no clear consensus on the neural mechanisms underlying the improvements in health. Herein, we conducted a systematic review to reveal which brain region or network is regulated by mind–body exercise. PubMed, Web of Science, PsycINFO, SPORTDiscus, and China National Knowledge Infrastructure databases were systematically searched to identify cross-sectional and intervention studies using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to explore the effect of mind–body exercise on brain structure and function, from their inception to June 2020. The risk of bias for cross-sectional studies was assessed using the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) checklist, whereas that of interventional studies was analyzed using the Physiotherapy Evidence Database (PEDro) scale. A total of 15 studies met the inclusion criteria. Our analysis revealed that mind–body exercise modulated brain structure, brain neural activity, and functional connectivity, mainly in the prefrontal cortex, hippocampus/medial temporal lobe, lateral temporal lobe, insula, and the cingulate cortex, as well as the cognitive control and default mode networks, which might underlie the beneficial effects of such exercises on health. However, due to the heterogeneity of included studies, more randomized controlled trials with rigorous designs, similar measured outcomes, and whole-brain analyses are warranted.
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32
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Kong J, Huang Y, Liu J, Yu S, Ming C, Chen H, Wilson G, Harvey WF, Li W, Wang C. Altered functional connectivity between hypothalamus and limbic system in fibromyalgia. Mol Brain 2021; 14:17. [PMID: 33472674 PMCID: PMC7816461 DOI: 10.1186/s13041-020-00705-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2020] [Accepted: 11/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The hypothalamus links the nervous system to the endocrine system and plays a crucial role in maintaining the human body's homeostasis. This study aims to investigate the resting state functional connectivity (rsFC) changes of the hypothalamus in fibromyalgia patients. 24 Fibromyalgia patients and 24 matched healthy controls (HCs) were recruited. Resting state fMRI data were collected from the fibromyalgia patients and HC's. Fibromyalgia patients went through a second scan after 12 weeks of Tai Chi mind-body intervention. Data analysis showed that fibromyalgia patients displayed less medial hypothalamus (MH) rsFC with the thalamus and amygdala when compared to the functional connectivity in the HCs. After the Tai Chi mind-body intervention, fibromyalgia patients showed increased MH rsFC with the thalamus and amygdala accompanied by clinical improvement. Effective connectivity analysis showed disrupted MH and thalamus interaction in the fibromyalgia patients, which was altered by mind-body exercise. Our findings suggest that fibromyalgia is associated with altered functional connectivity within the diencephalon and limbic system. Elucidating the roles of the diencephalon and limbic system in the pathophysiology and development of fibromyalgia may facilitate the development of a new biomarker and effective treatment methods for this prevalent disorder.Trial Registration ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT02407665. Registered: 3 April 2015, https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02407665?term=NCT02407665&draw=2&rank=1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Kong
- Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, 02129, USA.
| | - Yiting Huang
- Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, 02129, USA
| | - Jiao Liu
- Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, 02129, USA
| | - Siyi Yu
- Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, 02129, USA
| | - Cheng Ming
- Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, 02129, USA
| | - Helen Chen
- Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, 02129, USA
| | - Georgia Wilson
- Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, 02129, USA
| | - William F Harvey
- Center for Complementary and Integrative Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Tufts Medical Center / Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, 02111, USA
| | - Wen Li
- Department of Psychology, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, USA
| | - Chenchen Wang
- Center for Complementary and Integrative Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Tufts Medical Center / Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, 02111, USA.
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33
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Cai Z, Jiang W, Yin J, Chen Z, Wang J, Wang X. Effects of Tai Chi Chuan on Cognitive Function in Older Adults with Cognitive Impairment: A Systematic and Meta-Analytic Review. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE : ECAM 2020; 2020:6683302. [PMID: 33424991 PMCID: PMC7781704 DOI: 10.1155/2020/6683302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2020] [Revised: 12/03/2020] [Accepted: 12/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
This systematic and meta-analytic review aimed to investigate the effects of Tai Chi Chuan (TCC) on the cognitive function of the elderly with cognitive impairment and to analyze the moderators of these effects. We searched eight electronic databases for randomized controlled trials on the effects of TCC on cognitive function, published up to June 14, 2020. The PEDro scale was used to evaluate the methodological quality of the included literature. Stata14.0 software was used for meta-analysis, subgroup analysis, and publication bias testing. A total of 19 studies and 1,970 samples were included. The methodological quality of the included literature was fair to good, and there was no publication bias. Overall, the research shows that the effect of TCC on the elderly with cognitive impairment is statistically significant (SMD = 0.31, p < 0.0001). Five of the cognitive function subdomains were significant moderators [Q (5) = 15.66, p=0.008], and the effect size (ES) was the largest for global cognitive function (SMD = 0.41), followed by executive function (SMD = 0.33), memory (SMD = 0.31), and verbal fluency (SMD = 0.27). Regarding the exercise prescription variables, results were significantly moderated by the length of exercise training [Q (2) = 6.00, p=0.05], with ESs largest for moderate length (SMD = 0.41), followed by short length (SMD = 0.40) and long length (SMD = 0.29). However, the results were not moderated by session time or frequency. TCC can improve multiple cognitive functions of the elderly with cognitive impairment. The intervention effects are moderated by exercise length, but not by exercise session time and frequency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhidong Cai
- School of Physical Education and Training, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Wanting Jiang
- School of Physical Education and Training, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Jilin Yin
- Physical Education Department, Beibu Gulf University, Qinzhou 535011, China
| | - Zhitong Chen
- School of Physical Education and Health, Shanghai Lixin University of Accounting and Finance, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Jing Wang
- School of Physical Education and Health, Shanghai Lixin University of Accounting and Finance, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Xing Wang
- School of Physical Education and Training, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai 200438, China
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34
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Yan Z, Zou X, Hou X. Combined Factors for Predicting Cognitive Impairment in Elderly Population Aged 75 Years and Older: From a Behavioral Perspective. Front Psychol 2020; 11:2217. [PMID: 33013576 PMCID: PMC7511510 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2020.02217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2020] [Accepted: 08/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
To unravel the combined effect of risk and protective factors that may contribute to preserve or impair cognitive status, this prospective cohort study systematically investigated a cluster of factors in elders aged 75 years and older from Guangxi Longitudinal Cohort (GLC) dataset. GLC has tracked 630 oldest-elders for two times within 2 years and will continue to follow two times in the next 4 years. At baseline geriatric assessment, sociodemographic information (e.g., education, Mandarin, marriage, and income), physical status [body mass index (BMI), chronic disease/medicine], lifestyle factors (smoking, alcohol, and exercise), and self-rated mental health (self-care, well-being, anxiety) were recorded by online interview. With 2 years' follow-up, Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) and memory test were performed through person-to-person interview. The performance of MMSE was applied to represent the responder's cognitive status which classified into cognitive impairment and normal group based on a cutoff point of 20. An age-related cognitive declining trend of 15 stratified factors was observed, though with a small effect size (R-square: 0.001-0.15). The odds of exposure or non-exposure on factors (memory, self-care, exercise, income, education, and literacy) had a significantly different effect on cognitive impairment through multivariate analysis after adjusting other confounding variables. Through stepwise multiple logistic regression analysis, the following 12 factors/index would be integrated to predict cognitive impairment: gender, physical health factors (BMI, chronic disease), socioeconomic and lifestyle factors (education, literacy, Mandarin, marriage, income, and exercise), and psychological health factors (memory, self-care cognition, and anxiety). Related clinical and nursing applications were also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhixiong Yan
- Psychology Department, Nanning Normal University, Nanning, China
| | - Xia Zou
- Guangxi College for Preschool Education, Nanning, China
- Faculty of Industrial Education and Technology, King Mongkut’s Institute of Technology Ladkrabang, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Xiaohui Hou
- Psychology Department, Nanning Normal University, Nanning, China
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Wei GX, Yang L, Imm K, Loprinzi PD, Smith L, Zhang X, Yu Q. Effects of Mind-Body Exercises on Schizophrenia: A Systematic Review With Meta-Analysis. Front Psychiatry 2020; 11:819. [PMID: 32922321 PMCID: PMC7457019 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2020.00819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2020] [Accepted: 07/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mind-body exercises (MBEs) have been widely accepted as a complementary therapy for the patients with low exercise tolerance. Currently, the number of experimental studies investigating the effect of MBEs for improving symptoms in people with schizophrenia is increasing. However, results are inconsistent. METHODS We systematically reviewed and meta-analyzed the effects of mind-body exercises on schizophrenia. Seven electronic databases (Pubmed, Web of Science, PsycINFO, Embase, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials [CENTRAL], CNKI and Wangfang) were screened through October 2019 and risks of bias of included studies were assessed in Review Manager 5.3. RESULTS Meta-analysis on 13 studies with 1,159 patients showed moderately significant effects in favor of mind-body exercise intervention to improve positive symptoms (SMD = 0.31; 95% CI 0.01 to 0.60; p = 0.04), negative symptoms (SMD = 0.37; 95% CI 0.14 to 0.60; p = 0.002), and depression (SMD = 0.88; 95% CI 0.63 to 1.13; p<0.00001). Meta-regression analysis revealed that the improvement in positive symptoms was positively associated with the frequency of intervention (p = 0.04), while a marginally significant correlation was observed between the improved negative symptoms and duration of each session (p = 0.06). CONCLUSIONS This meta-analysis supports the therapeutic effects of MBEs to aid in the treatment of schizophrenia. Further studies need to incorporate rigorous design and large sample size to identify the optimal type and dose of mind-body exercise to inform clinical practices on MBEs' recommendations for the management of schizophrenia symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gao-Xia Wei
- Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Behavioral Science, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Lin Yang
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention Research, Alberta Health Services, Calgary, AB, Canada
- Departments of Oncology and Community Health Sciences, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Kellie Imm
- Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Paul D. Loprinzi
- Department of Health, Exercise Science and Recreation Management School of Applied Sciences, The University of Mississippi, Oxford, MS, United States
| | - Lee Smith
- Cambridge Centre for Sport and Exercise Sciences, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Xiangyang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Qian Yu
- Center for Lifestyle and Mental Health, School of Psychology, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
- Exercise and Mental Health Laboratory, School of Psychology, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
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36
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Xu A, Zimmerman CS, Lazar SW, Ma Y, Kerr CE, Yeung A. Distinct Insular Functional Connectivity Changes Related to Mood and Fatigue Improvements in Major Depressive Disorder Following Tai Chi Training: A Pilot Study. Front Integr Neurosci 2020; 14:25. [PMID: 32581734 PMCID: PMC7295154 DOI: 10.3389/fnint.2020.00025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2019] [Accepted: 04/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: Tai chi (TC), a contemplative practice combining slow movements and deep breathing, has been shown to be clinically effective in alleviating depressive symptoms. Feelings of fatigue or low vitality often accompany major depressive disorder (MDD) though they are commonly overlooked and not well understood neurologically. By using resting state functional connectivity (rs-FC) using the insula as the seed, this study examines the relationship between mood and vitality symptoms in MDD and how they are impacted by TC training. Methods: Patients (N = 16) with MDD participated in a 10-week TC intervention. Self-report scores of vitality (using the SF-36 scale) and depressed mood (using the Beck Depression Inventory) as well as rs-fMRI were collected pre- and post-intervention. A seed-to-voxel approach was used to test whether changes in insular rs-FC were related to therapeutic improvement in MDD-related symptoms resulting from TC practice. Results: We found decreased self-reported depressed mood and increased vitality following the TC intervention. Furthermore, decreases in depressed mood were associated with increased rs-FC between the right anterior insula (AIC) and superior temporal gyrus and caudate (cluster-corrected p < 0.05). Increased vitality was associated with increased rs-FC between the right posterior insula (PIC) and regions associated with sensorimotor processes (cluster-corrected p < 0.05). Conclusion: These results provide support for differential changes in insula connectivity as neural correlates of symptom improvement in MDD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Xu
- Department of Cognitive, Linguistic, and Psychological Sciences, Brown University, Providence, RI, United States
| | - Chloe S Zimmerman
- Department of Neuroscience, Brown University, Providence, RI, United States.,Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, RI, United States
| | - Sara W Lazar
- Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States.,Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Yan Ma
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States.,Center for Dynamical Biomarkers, Division of Interdisciplinary Medicine and Biotechnology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Catherine E Kerr
- Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, RI, United States
| | - Albert Yeung
- Depression Clinical and Research Program, Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States.,Benson Henry Institute for Mind Body Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
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Luo XC, Liu J, Fu J, Yin HY, Shen L, Liu ML, Lan L, Ying J, Qiao XL, Tang CZ, Tang Y. Effect of Tai Chi Chuan in Breast Cancer Patients: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Front Oncol 2020; 10:607. [PMID: 32391277 PMCID: PMC7191057 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.00607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2019] [Accepted: 04/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Tai Chi Chuan(TCC), as a mind-body exercise, may have a positive impact on physical function and psychological well-being in breast cancer patients. The latest systematic review and meta-analysis of TCC for breast cancer was made 4 years ago and some new clinical trials about it were published. We remade a systematic review and meta-analysis to evaluate the effect of TCC in breast cancer patients. Methods: In this systematic review and meta-analysis, we searched MEDLINE (via PubMed), EMBASE (via embase.com), CENTRAL, CNKI, COVIP, Wanfang, Chaoxing, CiNii, J-SSTAGE, DBpia, and ThaiJO with no language restrictions from inception to December 31, 2018 (updated on February 16, 2020), for randomized clinical trials comparing TCC with non-exercised therapy in breast cancer patients. The primary outcome was quality of life in patients with breast cancer and data pooled by a random-effects model. Subgroup analyses were conducted to estimate the effect of different durations of TCC for breast cancer patients. This study was registered in PROSPERO, number CRD 4201810326. Results: Fifteen articles involving a total of 885 breast cancer participants were included in this review. Compared with non-exercised therapy, TCC had a significant effect on quality of life in breast cancer patients (SMD = 0.37, 95% CI 0.15–0.59, p = 0.001), and subgroup analysis found that TCC showed beneficial effect in 12 weeks and 25 weeks (12 weeks: SMD = 0.40, 95% CI 0.19–0.62, p = 0.0003; 25 weeks: SMD = 0.38, 95% CI 0.15–0.62, p = 0.002). Meta-analyses of secondary outcomes showed that 3 weeks TCC increased shoulder function (SMD = 1.08, 95% CI 0.28–1.87, p = 0.008), 12 weeks TCC improved pain (SMD = 0.30, 95% CI 0.08–0.51, p = 0.007), shoulder function (SMD = 1.34, 95% CI 0.43–2.25, p = 0.004), strength of arm (SMD = 0.44, 95% CI 0.20–0.68, p = 0.0004), and anxiety (MD = −4.90, 95% CI −7.83 to −1.98, p = 0.001) in breast cancer patients compared with the control group. Conclusions: TCC appears to be effective on some physical and psychological symptoms and improves the quality of life in patients with breast cancer. Additional randomized controlled trials with a rigorous methodology and low risk of bias are needed to provide more reliable evidence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Chao Luo
- Acupuncture and Tuina School, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Jie Liu
- Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Jia Fu
- Medical & Nursing School, Chengdu University, Chengdu, China
| | - Hai-Yan Yin
- Acupuncture and Tuina School, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Li Shen
- Acupuncture and Tuina School, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Mai-Lan Liu
- The School of Acupuncture, Moxibustion & Tuina, Hunan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Lei Lan
- Acupuncture and Tuina School, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China.,Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province for Acupuncture & Chronobiology, Chengdu, China
| | - Jian Ying
- Chongqing Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiu-Lan Qiao
- Chongqing Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Chun-Zhi Tang
- School of Acupuncture & Rehabilitation Medicine, Guangzhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yong Tang
- Acupuncture and Tuina School, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China.,Medical & Nursing School, Chengdu University, Chengdu, China.,Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province for Acupuncture & Chronobiology, Chengdu, China
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38
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Tai Chi Training Evokes Significant Changes in Brain White Matter Network in Older Women. Healthcare (Basel) 2020; 8:healthcare8010057. [PMID: 32182844 PMCID: PMC7151065 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare8010057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2020] [Revised: 03/05/2020] [Accepted: 03/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Cognitive decline is age relevant and it can start as early as middle age. The decline becomes more obvious among older adults, which is highly associated with increased risk of developing dementia (e.g., Alzheimer’s disease). White matter damage was found to be related to cognitive decline through aging. The purpose of the current study was to compare the effects of Tai Chi (TC) versus walking on the brain white matter network among Chinese elderly women. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted where 42 healthy elderly women were included. Tai Chi practitioners (20 females, average age: 62.9 ± 2.38 years, education level 9.05 ± 1.8 years) and the matched walking participants (22 females, average age: 63.27 ± 3.58 years, educational level: 8.86 ± 2.74 years) underwent resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rsfMRI) scans. Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) and graph theory were employed to study the data, construct the white matter matrix, and compare the brain network attributes between the two groups. Results: Results from graph-based analyses showed that the small-world attributes were higher for the TC group than for the walking group (p < 0.05, Cohen’s d = 1.534). Some effects were significant (p < 0.001) with very large effect sizes. Meanwhile, the aggregation coefficient and local efficiency attributes were also higher for the TC group than for the walking group (p > 0.05). However, no significant difference was found between the two groups in node attributes and edge analysis. Conclusion: Regular TC training is more conducive to optimize the brain functioning and networking of the elderly. The results of the current study help to identify the mechanisms underlying the cognitive protective effects of TC.
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Brain Functional Specialization Is Enhanced Among Tai Chi Chuan Practitioners. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 2020; 101:1176-1182. [PMID: 32109436 DOI: 10.1016/j.apmr.2020.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2019] [Revised: 01/31/2020] [Accepted: 02/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the effect of long-term Tai Chi Chuan (TCC) practice on practitioners' brain functional specialization compare with the TCC novices. DESIGN A cross-sectional study. SETTING A psychology Institute. PARTICIPANTS TCC practitioners (N=22) (52.4±6.8y; 7 men; educated years: 12.18±3.03y) and 18 healthy adults (54.8±6.8y; 8 men; education years: 11.78±2.90y) matched by age, sex, and education were enrolled. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Participants underwent functional magnetic resonance imaging scanning and cognitive test to measure the differences in functional specialization and cognitive function. Functional specialization was evaluated by voxel-mirrored homotopic connectivity (VMHC) method. RESULTS Lower middle frontal gyrus VMHC in TCC practitioners compared to controls. For TCC practitioners, the longer they practice, the lower their VMHC in precentral and precuneus. TCC practitioners showed better cognition performance. CONCLUSIONS Changed VMHC indicated that TCC practice could enhance functional specialization in the middle frontal cortex of practitioners, which may be associated with higher-order cognitive ability.
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40
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Paap KR, Anders-Jefferson R, Zimiga B, Mason L, Mikulinsky R. Interference scores have inadequate concurrent and convergent validity: Should we stop using the flanker, Simon, and spatial Stroop tasks? COGNITIVE RESEARCH-PRINCIPLES AND IMPLICATIONS 2020; 5:7. [PMID: 32056032 PMCID: PMC7018919 DOI: 10.1186/s41235-020-0207-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2019] [Accepted: 01/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Two-hundred one college undergraduates completed four nonverbal interference tasks (Simon, spatial Stroop, vertical Stroop, and flanker) and trait scales of self-control and impulsivity. Regression analyses tested 11 predictors of the composite interference scores derived from three of the four tasks and each task separately. The purpose of the study was to examine the relationships between laboratory measures of self-control, self-report measures, and the degree to which control might be related to extensive experience in activities that logically require self-control. RESULTS Fluid intelligence and sex were significant predictors of the composite measure, but bilingualism, music training, video gaming, mindfulness/meditation, self-control, impulsivity, SES, and physical exercise were not. CONCLUSIONS Common laboratory measures of inhibitory control do not correlate with self-reported measures of self-control or impulsivity and consequently appear to be measuring different constructs. Bilingualism, mindfulness/meditation, playing action video games, and music training or performance provide weak and inconsistent improvements to laboratory measures of interference control. Flanker, Simon, and spatial Stroop effects should not be used or interpreted as measures of domain-general inhibitory control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenneth R Paap
- Department of Psychology, San Francisco State University, San Francisco, CA, 94132, USA.
| | | | - Brandon Zimiga
- Department of Psychology, San Francisco State University, San Francisco, CA, 94132, USA
| | - Lauren Mason
- Department of Psychology, San Francisco State University, San Francisco, CA, 94132, USA
| | - Roman Mikulinsky
- Department of Psychology, San Francisco State University, San Francisco, CA, 94132, USA
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41
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Cui L, Yin H, Lyu S, Shen Q, Wang Y, Li X, Li J, Li Y, Zhu L. Tai Chi Chuan vs General Aerobic Exercise in Brain Plasticity: A Multimodal MRI Study. Sci Rep 2019; 9:17264. [PMID: 31754170 PMCID: PMC6872722 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-53731-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2019] [Accepted: 10/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
This study contrasted the impact of Tai Chi Chuan and general aerobic exercise on brain plasticity in terms of an increased grey matter volume and functional connectivity during structural magnetic resonance imaging (sMRI) and resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI), explored the advantages of Tai Chi Chuan in improving brain structure and function. Thirty-six college students were grouped into Tai Chi Chuan (Bafa Wubu of Tai Chi), general aerobic exercise (brisk walking) and control groups. Individuals were assessed with a sMRI and rs-fMRI scan before and after an 8-week training period. The VBM toolbox was used to conduct grey matter volume analyses. The CONN toolbox was used to conduct several seed-to-voxel functional connectivity analyses. We can conclude that compared with general aerobic exercise, eight weeks of Tai Chi Chuan exercise has a stronger effect on brain plasticity, which is embodied in the increase of grey matter volume in left middle occipital gyrus, left superior temporal gyrus and right middle temporal gyrus and the enhancement of functional connectivity between the left middle frontal gyrus and left superior parietal lobule. These findings demonstrate the potential and advantages of Tai Chi Chuan exercises in eliciting brain plasticity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Cui
- College of P. E. and Sports, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
| | - HengChan Yin
- College of P. E. and Sports, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China.
| | - ShaoJun Lyu
- College of P. E. and Sports, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China.
| | - QiQi Shen
- College of P. E. and Sports, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
| | - Yuan Wang
- College of P. E. and Sports, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
| | - XiuJuan Li
- College of P. E. and Sports, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
| | - Jing Li
- College of P. E. and Sports, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
| | - YunFei Li
- College of P. E. and Sports, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
| | - LiNa Zhu
- College of P. E. and Sports, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
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42
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Wong WW, Fang Y, Chu WCW, Shi L, Tong KY. What Kind of Brain Structural Connectivity Remodeling Can Relate to Residual Motor Function After Stroke? Front Neurol 2019; 10:1111. [PMID: 31708857 PMCID: PMC6819511 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2019.01111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2019] [Accepted: 10/04/2019] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent findings showed that brain networks far away from a lesion could be altered to adapt changes after stroke. This study examined 13 chronic stroke patients with moderate to severe motor impairment and 13 age-comparable healthy controls using diffusion tensor imaging to investigate the stroke impact on the reorganization of structural connectivity. Each subject's brain was segmented into 68 cortical and 12 subcortical regions of interest (ROIs), and connectivity measures including fractional anisotropy (FA), regional FA (rFA), connection weight (CW) and connection strength (CS) were adopted to compare two subject groups. Correlations between these measures and clinical scores of motor functions (Action Research Arm Test and Fugl-Meyer Assessment for upper extremity) were done. Network-based statistic (NBS) was conducted to identify the connectivity differences between patients and controls from the perspective of whole-brain network. The results showed that both rFAs and CSs demonstrated significant differences between patients and controls in the ipsilesional sensory-motor areas and subcortical network, and bilateral attention and default mode networks. Significant positive correlations were found between the paretic motor functions and the rFAs/CSs of the contralesional medial orbitofrontal cortex (mOFC) and rostral anterior cingulate cortex (rACC), and remained significant even after removing the effect of the ipsilesional corticospinal tract. Additionally, all the connections linked with the contralesional mOFC and rACC showed significantly higher FA/CW values in the stroke patients compared to the healthy controls from the NBS results. These findings indicated that these contralesional prefrontal areas exhibited stronger connections after stroke and strongly related to the residual motor function of the stroke patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wan-Wa Wong
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong.,Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioural Sciences, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Yuqi Fang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
| | - Winnie C W Chu
- Department of Imaging and Interventional Radiology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
| | - Lin Shi
- Department of Imaging and Interventional Radiology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
| | - Kai-Yu Tong
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong.,Brain and Mind Institute, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
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Xie H, Zhang M, Huo C, Xu G, Li Z, Fan Y. Tai Chi Chuan exercise related change in brain function as assessed by functional near-infrared spectroscopy. Sci Rep 2019; 9:13198. [PMID: 31519933 PMCID: PMC6744459 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-49401-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2018] [Accepted: 08/23/2019] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Early studies have shown that Tai Chi Chuan (TCC) contributes to the rehabilitation of cognitive disorders and increases blood oxygen concentration levels in the parietal and occipital brain areas; however, the mechanism of TCC training on brain function remains poorly understood. This study hypothesize that TCC has altered brain function and aims to explore the effects of TCC on functional connection and effective connection of the prefrontal cortex (PFC), motor cortex (MC), and occipital cortex (OC). The participants were 23 experienced Chen-style TCC practitioners (TCC group), and 32 demographically matched TCC-naive healthy controls (control group). Functional and effective connections were calculated using wavelet-based coherence analysis and dynamic Bayesian inference method, respectively. Results showed that beyond the intensity of activity in a particular cortical region induced by TCC, significant differences in brain activity and dynamic configuration of connectivity were observed between the TCC and control groups during resting and movement states. These findings suggested that TCC training improved the connection of PFC, MC and OC in myogenic activity, sympathetic nervous system, and endothelial cell metabolic activities; enhanced brain functional connections and relayed the ability of TCC to improve cognition and the anti-memory decline potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Xie
- School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, China
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Centre for Biomedical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Rehabilitation Technical Aids for Old-Age Disability, National Research Center for Rehabilitation Technical Aids Beijing, Beijing, 100176, China
| | - Ming Zhang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong, SAR, P.R. China
| | - Congcong Huo
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Rehabilitation Technical Aids for Old-Age Disability, National Research Center for Rehabilitation Technical Aids Beijing, Beijing, 100176, China
| | - Gongcheng Xu
- School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, China
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Centre for Biomedical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Rehabilitation Technical Aids for Old-Age Disability, National Research Center for Rehabilitation Technical Aids Beijing, Beijing, 100176, China
| | - Zengyong Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Rehabilitation Technical Aids for Old-Age Disability, National Research Center for Rehabilitation Technical Aids Beijing, Beijing, 100176, China.
- Key Laboratory of Rehabilitation Aids Technology and System of the Ministry of Civil Affairs, Beijing, 100176, China.
| | - Yubo Fan
- School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, China.
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Centre for Biomedical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, China.
- Key Laboratory of Rehabilitation Aids Technology and System of the Ministry of Civil Affairs, Beijing, 100176, China.
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44
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Trabulsy P. COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE. Cancer 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/9781119645214.ch27] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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45
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Jor'dan AJ, Manor B, Hausdorff JM, Lipsitz LA, Habtemariam D, Novak V, Wayne PM. Long-term Tai Chi Training Is Associated With Better Dual-task Postural Control and Cognition in Aging Adults. Adv Mind Body Med 2019; 32:4-11. [PMID: 31370032 PMCID: PMC7539560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Many activities within our daily lives require us to stand upright while concurrently performing a cognitive task (ie, dual tasking). The "costs" of dual tasking can present as a detriment to either task, or even both. Evidence supports that tai chi (TC), a mind-body exercise, improves both postural control and cognition. The purpose of this study was to (1) determine whether long-term TC training reduces dual-task costs to standing postural control, and (2) determine whether it characterizes the relationship between these costs and cognition in aging adults with and without long-term TC training. METHODS Twenty-six TC experts (age 63 ± 8 y, TC experience 24 ± 11 y) and 60 controls (TC naïve: age 64 ± 8 y) were studied. Center-of-pressure sway speed and elliptical area were recorded during quiet and dual-task standing. In addition, postural sway speed and range were analyzed in the anterior-posterior and medial-lateral direction. Dual-task cost was calculated as the percent change in center-of-pressure outcomes from quiet to dual-task conditions. Cognition was assessed with the digit span (verbal memory), trail making test (working memory and task switching ability), category naming (semantic verbal fluency), and F-A-S test (phonemic verbal fluency). RESULTS TC experts had significantly lower dual-task costs to postural control in elliptical area (16.1 vs 110.4%, 95% confidence interval [CI], -94.27 to -0.07) compared with TC-naïves. TC experts also performed better on the digit span (23.5 vs 19.2; 95% CI, 0.68 to 3.59), trail making test A (28.5 vs 32.6 s; 95% CI, -3.83 to -0.21), and category naming (46.2 vs 41.3, 95%, CI 0.80 to 4.09), compared with TC naïves. There was not a clear significant association between better cognitive functioning and lower dual-task costs for either groups. These group differences and associations were independent of age, body mass index, education, and physical activity level. CONCLUSIONS These observations suggest cognitive-motor benefits from TC and the need for future controlled trials.
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Wang X, Seguin C, Zalesky A, Wong WW, Chu WCW, Tong RKY. Synchronization lag in post stroke: relation to motor function and structural connectivity. Netw Neurosci 2019; 3:1121-1140. [PMID: 31637341 PMCID: PMC6777982 DOI: 10.1162/netn_a_00105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2019] [Accepted: 07/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Stroke is characterized by delays in the resting-state hemodynamic response, resulting in synchronization lag in neural activity between brain regions. However, the structural basis of this lag remains unclear. In this study, we used resting-state functional MRI (rs-fMRI) to characterize synchronization lag profiles between homotopic regions in 15 individuals (14 males, 1 female) with brain lesions consequent to stroke as well as a group of healthy comparison individuals. We tested whether the network communication efficiency of each individual's structural brain network (connectome) could explain interindividual and interregional variation in synchronization lag profiles. To this end, connectomes were mapped using diffusion MRI data, and communication measures were evaluated under two schemes: shortest paths and navigation. We found that interindividual variation in synchronization lags was inversely associated with communication efficiency under both schemes. Interregional variation in lag was related to navigation efficiency and navigation distance, reflecting its dependence on both distance and structural constraints. Moreover, severity of motor deficits significantly correlated with average synchronization lag in stroke. Our results provide a structural basis for the delay of information transfer between homotopic regions inferred from rs-fMRI and provide insight into the clinical significance of structural-functional relationships in stroke individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Wang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Caio Seguin
- Melbourne Neuropsychiatry Centre, Department of Psychiatry, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Andrew Zalesky
- Melbourne Neuropsychiatry Centre, Department of Psychiatry, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Wan-wa Wong
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Winnie Chiu-wing Chu
- Department of Imaging and Interventional Radiology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Raymond Kai-yu Tong
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
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Li L, Zhang S, Cui J, Chen LZ, Wang X, Fan M, Wei GX. Fitness-Dependent Effect of Acute Aerobic Exercise on Executive Function. Front Physiol 2019; 10:902. [PMID: 31354533 PMCID: PMC6636661 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2019.00902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2019] [Accepted: 06/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Cognitive gains are reported to be induced by acute aerobic exercise, but the role of fitness in the effect of acute aerobic exercise on executive function remains unknown. Therefore, we aimed to examine the effect of fitness on acute exercise-induced changes in executive function from neural mechanism approach. Twenty-four female college students were assigned to high-fitness or low-fitness groups based on their cardiovascular fitness level, and then underwent functional magnetic resonance imaging while performing N-back tasks before and after 30 min of acute exercise. The behavioral results revealed significant interaction effects of group by time in the 0-back and 1-back tasks, but not in the 2-back task. The accuracy was significantly higher in the high-fitness group than in the low-fitness group before exercise in the 1-back and 2-back tasks. At the neural level, significant interaction effects of group by time were observed in all tasks. The 0-back and 1-back tasks activated the right cerebellum while the 2-back task activated subcortical regions. Our findings suggest that fitness moderates the effect of aerobic exercise on cognitive function, and provide the first neural evidence to support the influence of fitness on exercise-induced cognitive performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Li
- Key Laboratory of Adolescent Health Assessment and Exercise Intervention of Ministry of Education, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China.,School of Physical Education and Health Care, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Behavioral Science, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jie Cui
- Key Laboratory of Adolescent Health Assessment and Exercise Intervention of Ministry of Education, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China.,School of Physical Education and Health Care, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Li-Zhen Chen
- Key Laboratory of Behavioral Science, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoyan Wang
- School of Teacher Education and Psychology, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu, China
| | - Mingxia Fan
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Gao-Xia Wei
- Key Laboratory of Behavioral Science, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
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Kong J, Wolcott E, Wang Z, Jorgenson K, Harvey WF, Tao J, Rones R, Wang C. Altered resting state functional connectivity of the cognitive control network in fibromyalgia and the modulation effect of mind-body intervention. Brain Imaging Behav 2019; 13:482-492. [PMID: 29721768 PMCID: PMC6214794 DOI: 10.1007/s11682-018-9875-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
This study examines altered resting state functional connectivity (rsFC) of the cognitive control network (CCN) in fibromyalgia patients as compared to healthy controls, as well as how an effective mind-body intervention, Tai Chi, can modulate the altered rsFC of the CCN. Patients with fibromyalgia and matched healthy subjects were recruited in this study. Fibromyalgia patients were scanned 12 weeks before and after intervention. The bilateral dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) was used as a seed to explore the rsFC of the CCN. Data analysis was conducted with 21 patients and 20 healthy subjects. Compared to healthy subjects, fibromyalgia patients exhibited increased rsFC between the DLPFC and the bilateral rostral anterior cingulate cortex (rACC) and medial prefrontal cortex (MPFC) at baseline. The rsFC between the CCN and rACC/MPFC further increased after Tai Chi intervention, and this increase was accompanied by clinical improvements. This rsFC change was also significantly associated with corresponding changes in the Overall Impact domain of the Revised Fibromyalgia Impact Questionnaire (FIQR). Further analysis showed that the rACC/MPFC rsFC with both the PAG and hippocampus significantly decreased following Tai Chi intervention. Our study suggests that fibromyalgia is associated with altered CCN rsFC and that effective mind-body treatment may elicit clinical improvements by further increasing this altered rsFC. Elucidating this mechanism of enhancing the allostasis process will deepen our understanding of the mechanisms underlying mind-body interventions in fibromyalgia patients and facilitate the development of new pain management methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Kong
- Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, USA.
| | - Emily Wolcott
- Center For Complementary And Integrative Medicine, Department of Rheumatology, Tufts Medical Center, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, 02111, USA
| | - Zengjian Wang
- Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, USA
| | - Kristen Jorgenson
- Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, USA
| | - William F Harvey
- Center For Complementary And Integrative Medicine, Department of Rheumatology, Tufts Medical Center, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, 02111, USA
| | - Jing Tao
- Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, USA
| | - Ramel Rones
- Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, USA
| | - Chenchen Wang
- Center For Complementary And Integrative Medicine, Department of Rheumatology, Tufts Medical Center, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, 02111, USA.
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Liu S, Li L, Liu Z, Guo X. Long-Term Tai Chi Experience Promotes Emotional Stability and Slows Gray Matter Atrophy for Elders. Front Psychol 2019; 10:91. [PMID: 30761046 PMCID: PMC6364563 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2019.00091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2018] [Accepted: 01/14/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Brain adverse structural changes, especially the atrophy of gray matter, are inevitable in aging. Fortunately, the human brain is plastic throughout its entire life. The current cross-section study aimed to investigate whether long-term Tai Chi exercise could slow gray matter atrophy and explore the possible links among gray matter volume (GMV), long-term Tai Chi experience and emotional stability in a sequential risk-taking task by using voxel-based morphometry. Elders with long-term Tai Chi experience and controls, who were matched to Tai Chi group in age, gender, physical activity level, participated in the study. A T1-weighted multiplanar reconstruction sequence was acquired for each participant. Behaviorally, the Tai Chi group showed higher meditation level, stronger emotional stability and less risk-taking tendency in the sequential risk-taking compared to the control group. Moreover, the results revealed that the GMV of the thalamus and hippocampus were larger in the Tai Chi group compared with the control group. Notably, the GMV of the thalamus was positively correlated with both meditation level and emotional stability. The current study suggested the protective role of long-term Tai Chi exercise at slowing gray matter atrophy, improving the emotional stability and achieving successful aging for elders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sijia Liu
- School of Psychology and Cognitive Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lin Li
- School of Psychology and Cognitive Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
- National Demonstration Center for Experimental Psychology Education, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhiyuan Liu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance, School of Physics and Materials Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
- School of Psychology, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an, China
| | - Xiuyan Guo
- School of Psychology and Cognitive Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
- National Demonstration Center for Experimental Psychology Education, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance, School of Physics and Materials Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Brain Functional Genomics, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Brain Functional Genomics, School of Psychology and Cognitive Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
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Liu Z, Wu Y, Li L, Guo X. Functional Connectivity Within the Executive Control Network Mediates the Effects of Long-Term Tai Chi Exercise on Elders' Emotion Regulation. Front Aging Neurosci 2018; 10:315. [PMID: 30405392 PMCID: PMC6205982 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2018.00315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2018] [Accepted: 09/19/2018] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Previous research has identified the effects of tai chi exercise on elders' executive control or on their emotion regulation. However, few works have attempted to reveal the relationships between tai chi, executive control, and emotion regulation in the same study. The current resting-state study investigated whether the impact of tai chi on elders' emotion regulation was mediated by the resting-state functional connectivity within the executive control network. A total of 26 elders with long-term tai chi experience and 26 demographically matched healthy elders were recruited. After the resting-state scan, both groups were required to complete a series of questionnaires, including the Five Facets Mindfulness Questionnaire (FFMQ), and a sequential decision task, which offered an index of the subjects' emotion-regulation ability by calculating how their emotional response could be affected by the objective outcomes of their decisions. Compared to the control group, the tai chi group showed higher levels of non-judgment of inner experiences (a component of the FFMQ), stronger emotion-regulation ability, and a weaker resting-state functional connectivity between the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) and the middle frontal gyrus (MFG). Moreover, the functional connectivity between the DLPFC and the MFG in the tai chi group fully mediated the impact of non-judgment of inner experience on their emotion-regulation ability. These findings highlighted that the modulation of non-judgment of inner experience on long-term tai chi practitioners' emotion regulation was achieved through decreased functional connectivity within the executive control network.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyuan Liu
- School of Psychology, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance, School of Physics and Materials Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuyan Wu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance, School of Physics and Materials Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lin Li
- School of Psychology and Cognitive Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
- National Demonstration Center for Experimental Psychology Education, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiuyan Guo
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance, School of Physics and Materials Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
- School of Psychology and Cognitive Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
- National Demonstration Center for Experimental Psychology Education, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Brain Functional Genomics, Key Laboratory of Brain Functional Genomics, Ministry of Education, School of Psychology and Cognitive Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
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