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Fabries P, Pontiggia A, Comte U, Beauchamps V, Quiquempoix M, Guillard M, Ayounts H, Van Beers P, Drogou C, Touron J, Erkel MC, Gignoux-Huon F, Nespoulous O, Pinalie T, Charlot K, Malgoyre A, Sauvet F, Koulmann N, Gomez-Merino D, Chennaoui M. Cognitive performance during exposure to moderate normobaric hypoxia after sleep restriction: relationship to physiological and stress biomarkers. Physiol Behav 2024:114666. [PMID: 39216809 DOI: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2024.114666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2024] [Revised: 08/08/2024] [Accepted: 08/09/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Exposure to moderate levels of simulated hypoxia has subtle cognitive effects relative to ground level, in healthy individuals. However, there are few data on the cognitive consequences of the combination of hypoxia and partial sleep deprivation, which is a classic military or civilian operational context. In this study, we tested the hypothesis that exposure to moderate hypoxia while sleep-restricted impairs several domains of cognition, and we also assessed physiological parameters and salivary concentrations of cortisol and alpha-amylase. METHOD Seventeen healthy males completed two sessions of cognitive tests (sustained attention using the PVT psychomotor vigilance task and executive functions using the Go-NoGo inhibition task and N-Back working memory task) after 30 minutes (T+30') and 4 hours (T+240') of exposure in a normobaric hypoxic tent (FIO2 = 13.6%, ≃ 3,500 m) (HY). This was completed after one night of sleep restriction (3 a.m. to 6 a.m. bedtime, SRHY) and one night of habitual sleep (10 p.m. to 6 a.m. bedtime, HSHY) (with cross-over randomization). The two nights sleep architecture and physiological parameters (oxygen saturation (SpO2) and heart rate (HR) during T+30' and T+240'sessions were analyzed. Salivary cortisol and alpha-amylase (sAA) concentrations were analyzed before hypoxia, after the T+30' and T+240' cognitive sessions, and after leaving the hypoxic tent. RESULTS Sustained attention (RT and number of lapses in the PVT) and executive functions (Go-NoGo and 1-Back and 2-Back parameters, as inhibition and working memory signatures) were impaired in the SRHY condition compared to HSHY. SpO2 and HR were higher after 4 hours compared with 30 minutes of hypoxia in the HSHY condition, while only HR was statistically higher in the SRHY condition. In SRHY, salivary AA concentration was lower and cortisol was higher than in HSHY. A significant increase in sAA concentration is observed after the cognitive session at 4 hours of hypoxia exposure compared to that at 30 minutes, only in the SRHY condition. There are significant positive correlations between reaction time and the corresponding heart rate (a non-invasive marker of physiological stress) for the executive tasks in the two sleep conditions. This was not observed for salivary levels of sAA and cortisol, respective reliable indicators of the sympathoadrenomedullary system and the hypothalamic-pituitary adrenocortical system. CONCLUSION Exposure to moderate normobaric hypoxia (≃ 3,500 m / ≃ 11,500 ft simulated) after a single night of 3-hour sleep impairs cognitive performance after 30 minutes and 4 hours of exposure. The key determinants and/or mechanism(s) responsible for cognitive impairment when exposed to moderate hypoxia with sleep restriction, particularly on the executive function, have yet to be elucidated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pierre Fabries
- Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées (IRBA), 1 place Général Valérie André, 91223 Brétigny Cedex, France; École du Val-de-Grâce (EVDG), Place Alphonse Laveran, Paris, France; LBEPS, Université Paris-Saclay, 91025 Evry, France.
| | - Anaïs Pontiggia
- Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées (IRBA), 1 place Général Valérie André, 91223 Brétigny Cedex, France; URP 7330 VIFASOM, Université Paris Cité, Hôpital Hôtel-Dieu, 75004 Paris, France
| | - Ulysse Comte
- École du Val-de-Grâce (EVDG), Place Alphonse Laveran, Paris, France; Hôpital d'Instruction des Armées Percy, 2 Rue Lieutenant Raoul Batany, 92140 Clamart, France
| | - Vincent Beauchamps
- Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées (IRBA), 1 place Général Valérie André, 91223 Brétigny Cedex, France; École du Val-de-Grâce (EVDG), Place Alphonse Laveran, Paris, France; URP 7330 VIFASOM, Université Paris Cité, Hôpital Hôtel-Dieu, 75004 Paris, France
| | - Michael Quiquempoix
- Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées (IRBA), 1 place Général Valérie André, 91223 Brétigny Cedex, France; URP 7330 VIFASOM, Université Paris Cité, Hôpital Hôtel-Dieu, 75004 Paris, France
| | - Mathias Guillard
- Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées (IRBA), 1 place Général Valérie André, 91223 Brétigny Cedex, France; URP 7330 VIFASOM, Université Paris Cité, Hôpital Hôtel-Dieu, 75004 Paris, France
| | - Haïk Ayounts
- Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées (IRBA), 1 place Général Valérie André, 91223 Brétigny Cedex, France; URP 7330 VIFASOM, Université Paris Cité, Hôpital Hôtel-Dieu, 75004 Paris, France
| | - Pascal Van Beers
- Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées (IRBA), 1 place Général Valérie André, 91223 Brétigny Cedex, France; URP 7330 VIFASOM, Université Paris Cité, Hôpital Hôtel-Dieu, 75004 Paris, France
| | - Catherine Drogou
- Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées (IRBA), 1 place Général Valérie André, 91223 Brétigny Cedex, France; URP 7330 VIFASOM, Université Paris Cité, Hôpital Hôtel-Dieu, 75004 Paris, France
| | - Julianne Touron
- Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées (IRBA), 1 place Général Valérie André, 91223 Brétigny Cedex, France; URP 7330 VIFASOM, Université Paris Cité, Hôpital Hôtel-Dieu, 75004 Paris, France
| | - Marie-Claire Erkel
- Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées (IRBA), 1 place Général Valérie André, 91223 Brétigny Cedex, France; URP 7330 VIFASOM, Université Paris Cité, Hôpital Hôtel-Dieu, 75004 Paris, France
| | - Françoise Gignoux-Huon
- Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées (IRBA), 1 place Général Valérie André, 91223 Brétigny Cedex, France
| | - Olivier Nespoulous
- Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées (IRBA), 1 place Général Valérie André, 91223 Brétigny Cedex, France
| | - Théo Pinalie
- LBEPS, Université Paris-Saclay, 91025 Evry, France
| | - Keyne Charlot
- Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées (IRBA), 1 place Général Valérie André, 91223 Brétigny Cedex, France; LBEPS, Université Paris-Saclay, 91025 Evry, France
| | - Alexandra Malgoyre
- Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées (IRBA), 1 place Général Valérie André, 91223 Brétigny Cedex, France; École du Val-de-Grâce (EVDG), Place Alphonse Laveran, Paris, France; LBEPS, Université Paris-Saclay, 91025 Evry, France
| | - Fabien Sauvet
- Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées (IRBA), 1 place Général Valérie André, 91223 Brétigny Cedex, France; École du Val-de-Grâce (EVDG), Place Alphonse Laveran, Paris, France; URP 7330 VIFASOM, Université Paris Cité, Hôpital Hôtel-Dieu, 75004 Paris, France
| | | | - Danielle Gomez-Merino
- Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées (IRBA), 1 place Général Valérie André, 91223 Brétigny Cedex, France; URP 7330 VIFASOM, Université Paris Cité, Hôpital Hôtel-Dieu, 75004 Paris, France
| | - Mounir Chennaoui
- Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées (IRBA), 1 place Général Valérie André, 91223 Brétigny Cedex, France; URP 7330 VIFASOM, Université Paris Cité, Hôpital Hôtel-Dieu, 75004 Paris, France
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Wüst LN, Capdevila NC, Lane LT, Reichert CF, Lasauskaite R. Impact of one night of sleep restriction on sleepiness and cognitive function: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Sleep Med Rev 2024; 76:101940. [PMID: 38759474 DOI: 10.1016/j.smrv.2024.101940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2023] [Revised: 03/24/2024] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/19/2024]
Abstract
Detrimental consequences of chronic sleep restriction on cognitive function are well established in the literature. However, effects of a single night of sleep restriction remain equivocal. Therefore, we synthesized data from 44 studies to investigate effects of sleep restriction to 2-6 h sleep opportunity on sleepiness and cognition in this meta-analysis. We investigated subjective sleepiness, sustained attention, choice reaction time, cognitive throughput, working memory, and inhibitory control. Results revealed a significant increase in subjective sleepiness following one night of sleep restriction (Standardized Mean Difference (SMD) = 0.986, p < 0.001), while subjective sleepiness was not associated with sleep duration during sleep restriction (β = -0.214, p = 0.039, significance level 0.01). Sustained attention, assessed via common 10-min tasks, was impaired, as demonstrated through increased reaction times (SMD = 0.512, p < 0.001) and attentional lapses (SMD = 0.489, p < 0.001). However, the degree of impaired attention was not associated with sleep duration (ps > 0.090). We did not find significant effects on choice reaction time, cognitive throughput, working memory, or inhibitory control. Overall, results suggest that a single night of restricted sleep can increase subjective sleepiness and impair sustained attention, a cognitive function crucial for everyday tasks such as driving.
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Affiliation(s)
- Larissa N Wüst
- Centre for Chronobiology, Psychiatric Hospital of the University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland; Research Cluster Molecular and Cognitive Neurosciences, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.
| | - Noëmi C Capdevila
- Centre for Chronobiology, Psychiatric Hospital of the University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland; Research Cluster Molecular and Cognitive Neurosciences, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Lina T Lane
- Centre for Chronobiology, Psychiatric Hospital of the University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland; Research Cluster Molecular and Cognitive Neurosciences, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Carolin F Reichert
- Centre for Chronobiology, Psychiatric Hospital of the University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland; Research Cluster Molecular and Cognitive Neurosciences, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Ruta Lasauskaite
- Centre for Chronobiology, Psychiatric Hospital of the University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland; Research Cluster Molecular and Cognitive Neurosciences, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
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Thieux M, Guyon A, Seugnet L, Franco P. Salivary α-amylase as a marker of sleep disorders: A theoretical review. Sleep Med Rev 2024; 74:101894. [PMID: 38157687 DOI: 10.1016/j.smrv.2023.101894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Revised: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Sleep disorders are commonplace in our modern societies. Specialized hospital departments are generally overloaded, and sleep assessment is an expensive process in terms of equipment, human resources, and time. Biomarkers would usefully complement current measures in the screening and follow-up of sleep disorders and their daytime repercussions. Among salivary markers, a growing body of literature suggests that salivary α-amylase (sAA) may be a cross-species marker of sleep debt. However, there is no consensus as to the direction of variation in sAA with sleep disorders. Herein, after describing the mechanisms of sAA secretion and its relationship with stress, studies assessing the relationship between sAA and sleep parameters are reviewed. Finally, the influence of confounding factors is discussed, along with methodological considerations, to better understand the fluctuations in sAA and facilitate future studies in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marine Thieux
- Centre de Recherche en Neurosciences de Lyon (CRNL), INSERM, Lyon, France.
| | - Aurore Guyon
- Pediatric Sleep Unit and CRMR Narcolepsie-Hypersomnies Rares, Department of Pediatric Clinical Epileptology, Sleep Disorders and Functional Neurology, Hôpital Femme Mère Enfant, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Laurent Seugnet
- Centre de Recherche en Neurosciences de Lyon (CRNL), INSERM, Lyon, France
| | - Patricia Franco
- Centre de Recherche en Neurosciences de Lyon (CRNL), INSERM, Lyon, France; Pediatric Sleep Unit and CRMR Narcolepsie-Hypersomnies Rares, Department of Pediatric Clinical Epileptology, Sleep Disorders and Functional Neurology, Hôpital Femme Mère Enfant, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France
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Zhai D, Chen Q, Yao Y, Ru T, Zhou G. Association Between EEG Microarousal During Nocturnal Sleep and Next-Day Selective Attention in Mild Sleep-Restricted Healthy Undergraduates. Nat Sci Sleep 2024; 16:335-344. [PMID: 38567117 PMCID: PMC10986413 DOI: 10.2147/nss.s442007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Purpose To explore whether sleep electroencephalogram (EEG) microarousals of different standard durations predict daytime mood and attention performance in healthy individuals after mild sleep restriction. Participants and Methods Sixteen (nine female) healthy college students were recruited to examine the correlations between nocturnal EEG microarousals of different standard durations (≥3 s, ≥5 s, ≥7 s, ≥9 s) under mild sleep restriction (1.5 h) and the following morning's subjective alertness, mood, sustained attention, and selective attention task performance. Results Results revealed that mild sleep restriction significantly reduced subjective alertness and positive mood, while having no significant effect on negative mood, sustained attention and selective attention performance. The number of microarousals (≥5 s) was negatively associated with positive mood at 6:30. The number of microarousals was significantly and positively correlated with the response time difference value of disengagement component of the selective attention task at around 7:30 (≥5 s and ≥7 s) and 9:00 (≥5 s). The number of microarousals (≥7 s) was significantly and positively correlated with the inaccuracy difference value of orientation component of the selective attention task at around 9:00. Conclusion The number of EEG microarousals during sleep in healthy adults with mild sleep restriction was significantly and negatively related to their daytime positive affect while positively associated with the deterioration of disengagement and orientation of selective attention performance, but this link is dependent on the standard duration of microarousals, test time and the type of task.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diguo Zhai
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Optical Information Materials and Technology, Institute of Electronic Paper Displays, South China Academy of Advanced Optoelectronics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510006, People’s Republic of China
- National Center for International Research on Green Optoelectronics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510006, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qingwei Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Optical Information Materials and Technology, Institute of Electronic Paper Displays, South China Academy of Advanced Optoelectronics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510006, People’s Republic of China
- National Center for International Research on Green Optoelectronics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510006, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ying Yao
- Anhui Provincial Library, Hefei, 230000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Taotao Ru
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Optical Information Materials and Technology, Institute of Electronic Paper Displays, South China Academy of Advanced Optoelectronics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510006, People’s Republic of China
- National Center for International Research on Green Optoelectronics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510006, People’s Republic of China
| | - Guofu Zhou
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Optical Information Materials and Technology, Institute of Electronic Paper Displays, South China Academy of Advanced Optoelectronics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510006, People’s Republic of China
- National Center for International Research on Green Optoelectronics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510006, People’s Republic of China
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Puech C, Badran M, Runion AR, Barrow MB, Cataldo K, Gozal D. Cognitive Impairments, Neuroinflammation and Blood-Brain Barrier Permeability in Mice Exposed to Chronic Sleep Fragmentation during the Daylight Period. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:9880. [PMID: 37373028 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24129880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2023] [Revised: 06/06/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a chronic condition characterized by intermittent hypoxia (IH) and sleep fragmentation (SF). In murine models, chronic SF can impair endothelial function and induce cognitive declines. These deficits are likely mediated, at least in part, by alterations in Blood-brain barrier (BBB) integrity. Male C57Bl/6J mice were randomly assigned to SF or sleep control (SC) conditions for 4 or 9 weeks and in a subset 2 or 6 weeks of normal sleep recovery. The presence of inflammation and microglia activation were evaluated. Explicit memory function was assessed with the novel object recognition (NOR) test, while BBB permeability was determined by systemic dextran-4kDA-FITC injection and Claudin 5 expression. SF exposures resulted in decreased NOR performance and in increased inflammatory markers and microglial activation, as well as enhanced BBB permeability. Explicit memory and BBB permeability were significantly associated. BBB permeability remained elevated after 2 weeks of sleep recovery (p < 0.01) and returned to baseline values only after 6 weeks. Chronic SF exposures mimicking the fragmentation of sleep that characterizes patients with OSA elicits evidence of inflammation in brain regions and explicit memory impairments in mice. Similarly, SF is also associated with increased BBB permeability, the magnitude of which is closely associated with cognitive functional losses. Despite the normalization of sleep patterns, BBB functional recovery is a protracted process that merits further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clementine Puech
- Child Health Research Institute, Department of Child Health, School of Medicine, University of Missouri, 400 N Keene St., Suite 010, Columbia, MO 65201, USA
| | - Mohammad Badran
- Child Health Research Institute, Department of Child Health, School of Medicine, University of Missouri, 400 N Keene St., Suite 010, Columbia, MO 65201, USA
| | - Alexandra R Runion
- Undergraduate Student Research Program, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65201, USA
| | - Max B Barrow
- Child Health Research Institute, Department of Child Health, School of Medicine, University of Missouri, 400 N Keene St., Suite 010, Columbia, MO 65201, USA
| | - Kylie Cataldo
- Child Health Research Institute, Department of Child Health, School of Medicine, University of Missouri, 400 N Keene St., Suite 010, Columbia, MO 65201, USA
| | - David Gozal
- Child Health Research Institute, Department of Child Health, School of Medicine, University of Missouri, 400 N Keene St., Suite 010, Columbia, MO 65201, USA
- Department of Medical Pharmacology and Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65201, USA
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Fabries P, Gomez-Merino D, Sauvet F, Malgoyre A, Koulmann N, Chennaoui M. Sleep loss effects on physiological and cognitive responses to systemic environmental hypoxia. Front Physiol 2022; 13:1046166. [PMID: 36579023 PMCID: PMC9792101 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.1046166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
In the course of their missions or training, alpinists, but also mountain combat forces and mountain security services, professional miners, aircrew, aircraft and glider pilots and helicopter crews are regularly exposed to altitude without oxygen supplementation. At altitude, humans are exposed to systemic environmental hypoxia induced by the decrease in barometric pressure (<1,013 hPa) which decreases the inspired partial pressure of oxygen (PIO2), while the oxygen fraction is constant (equal to approximately 20.9%). Effects of altitude on humans occur gradually and depend on the duration of exposure and the altitude level. From 1,500 m altitude (response threshold), several adaptive responses offset the effects of hypoxia, involving the respiratory and the cardiovascular systems, and the oxygen transport capacity of the blood. Fatigue and cognitive and sensory disorders are usually observed from 2,500 m (threshold of prolonged hypoxia). Above 3,500 m (the threshold for disorders), the effects are not completely compensated and maladaptive responses occur and individuals develop altitude headache or acute altitude illness [Acute Mountain Sickness (AMS)]. The magnitude of effects varies considerably between different physiological systems and exhibits significant inter-individual variability. In addition to comorbidities, the factors of vulnerability are still little known. They can be constitutive (genetic) or circumstantial (sleep deprivation, fatigue, speed of ascent.). In particular, sleep loss, a condition that is often encountered in real-life settings, could have an impact on the physiological and cognitive responses to hypoxia. In this review, we report the current state of knowledge on the impact of sleep loss on responses to environmental hypoxia in humans, with the aim of identifying possible consequences for AMS risk and cognition, as well as the value of behavioral and non-pharmacological countermeasures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pierre Fabries
- REF-Aero Department, French Armed Forces Biomedical Research Institute—IRBA, Brétigny-sur-Orge, France,Laboratoire de Biologie de l’Exercice pour la Performance et la Santé (LBEPS), UMR, Université Paris-Saclay, IRBA, Evry-Courcouronnes, France,French Military Health Academy—Ecole du Val-de-Grâce, Place Alphonse Laveran, Paris, France,*Correspondence: Pierre Fabries,
| | - Danielle Gomez-Merino
- REF-Aero Department, French Armed Forces Biomedical Research Institute—IRBA, Brétigny-sur-Orge, France,Vigilance Fatigue Sommeil et Santé Publique (VIFASOM) URP 7330, Université de Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Fabien Sauvet
- REF-Aero Department, French Armed Forces Biomedical Research Institute—IRBA, Brétigny-sur-Orge, France,French Military Health Academy—Ecole du Val-de-Grâce, Place Alphonse Laveran, Paris, France,Vigilance Fatigue Sommeil et Santé Publique (VIFASOM) URP 7330, Université de Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Alexandra Malgoyre
- REF-Aero Department, French Armed Forces Biomedical Research Institute—IRBA, Brétigny-sur-Orge, France,Laboratoire de Biologie de l’Exercice pour la Performance et la Santé (LBEPS), UMR, Université Paris-Saclay, IRBA, Evry-Courcouronnes, France
| | - Nathalie Koulmann
- Laboratoire de Biologie de l’Exercice pour la Performance et la Santé (LBEPS), UMR, Université Paris-Saclay, IRBA, Evry-Courcouronnes, France,French Military Health Academy—Ecole du Val-de-Grâce, Place Alphonse Laveran, Paris, France
| | - Mounir Chennaoui
- REF-Aero Department, French Armed Forces Biomedical Research Institute—IRBA, Brétigny-sur-Orge, France,Vigilance Fatigue Sommeil et Santé Publique (VIFASOM) URP 7330, Université de Paris Cité, Paris, France
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Negative Impacts of Sleep-Wake Rhythm Disturbances on Attention in Young Adults. Brain Sci 2022; 12:brainsci12121643. [PMID: 36552103 PMCID: PMC9776066 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci12121643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2022] [Revised: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 11/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Sleep-wake rhythm disturbances have a negative impact on attention. However, how it affects attention and whether the restoration of regular rhythms can restore attention are unclear. This study aims to explore the effects of sleep-wake rhythm disturbances on three subfunctions of attention (alertness, orientation, and executive control) and the restoration of regular rhythms on these functions. Twenty-one participants in the experimental group (who experienced sleep-wake rhythm disturbances for at least one month; aged 18-26) were required to sleep regularly following a sleep schedule, whereas 20 participants in the control group (who maintained regular sleep for at least three months; aged 19-22) received no manipulation of their sleep. All participants were assessed using the attention network test three times in six days. All of them wore spectrum activity monitors and kept sleep diaries every day. The results showed that the effects of alertness and executive control in the experimental group were significantly lower than those in the control group. After five days of regular sleep, the difference in the alertness effect between the two groups significantly decreased. These results suggested that under natural conditions, sleep-wake rhythm disturbances could negatively influence alertness and executive control, and a short period of restoring a regular rhythm has a recovery effect on alertness.
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Thieux M, Guyon A, Herbillon V, Merle L, Lachaux JP, Plancoulaine S, Seugnet L, Franco P. Interest of the BLAST paradigm and salivary markers for the evaluation of sleepiness in drivers. Front Neurosci 2022; 16:991528. [PMID: 36161153 PMCID: PMC9490274 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2022.991528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives Sleepiness is associated with decreased cognitive abilities and remains one of the main causes of fatal road accidents. The tools currently available to assess sleepiness, such as questionnaires, are subject to intra- and inter-individual variability, while multiple sleep latency tests are only feasible in few sleep laboratories. The main objective of this study was to explore new potential markers (neurocognitive, biological) to objectively assess sleepiness in drivers. Methods A total of 186 drivers (median age 44 years, range 20-74 years, 73% men, 14% obese) were included during a break at a highway service area, in the morning, while on the road for vacation. Questionnaires on sleepiness and sleep characteristics (habitual and on the night before travel), the Bron-Lyon Attention Stability Test (BLAST), and two salivary samples (α-amylase and oxalate) were collected. Associations between measures of sleepiness [Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS), and Stanford Sleepiness Scale (SSS)], sleep characteristics, neurocognitive, and biological markers were tested using regression models adjusted for confounding factors. Results The night before travel, 83% of the drivers reduced their sleep time and 30% slept 5 h or less. The higher the number of miles to be traveled, the higher the decrease, and the shorter the sleep time. The night before travel, 18 and 24% of the drivers complained of poor sleep quality and difficulty falling asleep. The sleep characteristics on the night before travel were associated with the habitual sleep characteristics. At the time of the test, 47% of the drivers scored pathologically on the SSS. Poor sleep quality and difficulty falling asleep the night before travel were associated with increased sleepiness as assessed by the SSS and decreased attentional ability as assessed by the BLAST. No association between salivary markers and acute sleepiness was observed. Conclusions The sleep characteristics of the night before travel were associated with sleepiness and attentional performance. The SSS and the BLAST could be used by individual drivers in a self-evaluation context. Biological markers showed a high variability and limited association with sleep parameters across subjects, emphasizing the need for within-subject designs to assess their usefulness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marine Thieux
- Centre de Recherche en Neurosciences de Lyon (CRNL), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Lyon, France
- Centre de Référence Maladies Rares (CRMR) Narcolepsie-Hypersomnies Rares, Hôpital Femme-Mère-Enfant, Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL), Lyon, France
| | - Aurore Guyon
- Centre de Référence Maladies Rares (CRMR) Narcolepsie-Hypersomnies Rares, Hôpital Femme-Mère-Enfant, Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL), Lyon, France
| | - Vania Herbillon
- Centre de Recherche en Neurosciences de Lyon (CRNL), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Lyon, France
- Centre de Référence Maladies Rares (CRMR) Narcolepsie-Hypersomnies Rares, Hôpital Femme-Mère-Enfant, Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL), Lyon, France
| | - Lydie Merle
- Centre de Recherche en Neurosciences de Lyon (CRNL), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Lyon, France
| | - Jean-Philippe Lachaux
- Centre de Recherche en Neurosciences de Lyon (CRNL), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Lyon, France
| | | | - Laurent Seugnet
- Centre de Recherche en Neurosciences de Lyon (CRNL), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Lyon, France
| | - Patricia Franco
- Centre de Recherche en Neurosciences de Lyon (CRNL), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Lyon, France
- Centre de Référence Maladies Rares (CRMR) Narcolepsie-Hypersomnies Rares, Hôpital Femme-Mère-Enfant, Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL), Lyon, France
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9
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Du J, Huang Y, Zhao Z, Wang Y, Xu S, Zhang R, Xiao L, Xu J, Wang H, Su T, Tang Y. Planning Ability and Alertness After Nap Deprivation: Beneficial Effects of Acute Moderate-Intensity Aerobic Exercise Greater Than Sitting Naps. Front Public Health 2022; 10:861923. [PMID: 35400075 PMCID: PMC8987024 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.861923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Nap deprivation is regarded as a sleep loss for habitual nappers. The beneficial effects of napping and moderate-intensity aerobic exercise on the reduction in planning ability following nighttime sleep deprivation have been proven. However, it is still unknown whether it can improve the performance decline caused by daytime nap deprivation in habitual nappers. Seventy-four healthy adults who had a long-term habit of taking naps were assigned to three interventions after receiving nap deprivation: (1) Control group (no intervention); (2) Nap group (15-min sitting naps); (3) Exercise group (15-min aerobic exercise), in which subjective alertness, mood, fatigue, and task performance in objective alertness (Psychomotor Vigilance Task, PVT) and planning ability (the Tower of London Task) were measured. Results showed that nap deprivation negatively influenced some performance on the psychomotor vigilance (i.e., response times and 10% slowest response time) and planning ability (i.e., planning time). And acute moderate-intensity aerobic exercise improved psychomotor alertness (i.e., response times) and planning ability (i.e., execution accuracy, execution time), a 15-min sitting naps only alleviated subjective fatigue, whereas some performance (i.e., response times) deteriorated when no intervention was used. These findings suggested that acute moderate-intensity aerobic exercise has a better restorative effect on the reduced planning ability and objective alertness due to nap deprivation compared to sitting naps.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Du
- Department of Medical Psychology, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yujia Huang
- Department of Medical Psychology, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ziqi Zhao
- Department of Health Management, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yajing Wang
- Department of Medical Psychology, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shuyu Xu
- Department of Medical Psychology, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ruike Zhang
- Department of Medical Psychology, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lei Xiao
- Department of Medical Psychology, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jingzhou Xu
- Department of Medical Psychology, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hao Wang
- Department of Medical Psychology, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Tong Su
- Department of Psychology, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yunxiang Tang
- Department of Psychology, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Yunxiang Tang
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10
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Gomez-Merino D, Drogou C, Debellemaniere E, Erblang M, Dorey R, Guillard M, Van Beers P, Thouard M, Masson R, Sauvet F, Leger D, Bougard C, Arnal PJ, Rabat A, Chennaoui M. Strategies to Limit Cognitive Impairments under Sleep Restriction: Relationship to Stress Biomarkers. Brain Sci 2022; 12:brainsci12020229. [PMID: 35203992 PMCID: PMC8869873 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci12020229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2021] [Revised: 01/29/2022] [Accepted: 02/04/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Adding relaxation techniques during nap or auditory stimulation of EEG slow oscillation (SO) during nighttime sleep may limit cognitive impairments in sleep-deprived subjects, potentially through alleviating stress-releasing effects. We compared daytime sleepiness, cognitive performances, and salivary stress biomarker responses in 11 volunteers (aged 18–36) who underwent 5 days of sleep restriction (SR, 3 h per night, with 30 min of daily nap) under three successive conditions: control (SR-CT), relaxation techniques added to daily nap (SR-RT), and auditory stimulation of sleep slow oscillations (SO) during nighttime sleep (SR-NS). Test evaluation was performed at baseline (BASE), the fifth day of chronic SR (SR5), and the third and fifth days after sleep recovery (REC3, REC5, respectively). At SR5, less degradation was observed for percentage of commission errors in the executive Go–noGo inhibition task in SR-RT condition compared to SR-CT, and for sleepiness score in SR-NS condition compared both to SR-CT and SR-RT. Beneficial effects of SR-RT and SR-NS were additionally observed on these two parameters and on salivary α-amylase (sAA) at REC3 and REC5. Adding relaxation techniques to naps may help performance in inhibition response, and adding nocturnal auditory stimulation of SO sleep may benefit daytime sleepiness during sleep restriction with persistent effects during recovery. The two strategies activated the autonomic nervous system, as shown by the sAA response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danielle Gomez-Merino
- Unité Fatigue et Vigilance, Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées (IRBA), 91223 Bretigny-sur-Orge, France; (C.D.); (E.D.); (M.E.); (R.D.); (M.G.); (P.V.B.); (F.S.); (C.B.); (A.R.)
- VIgilance FAtigue SOMmeil et Santé Publique, Université de Paris, 75004 Paris, France;
- Correspondence: (D.G.-M.); (M.C.)
| | - Catherine Drogou
- Unité Fatigue et Vigilance, Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées (IRBA), 91223 Bretigny-sur-Orge, France; (C.D.); (E.D.); (M.E.); (R.D.); (M.G.); (P.V.B.); (F.S.); (C.B.); (A.R.)
- VIgilance FAtigue SOMmeil et Santé Publique, Université de Paris, 75004 Paris, France;
| | - Eden Debellemaniere
- Unité Fatigue et Vigilance, Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées (IRBA), 91223 Bretigny-sur-Orge, France; (C.D.); (E.D.); (M.E.); (R.D.); (M.G.); (P.V.B.); (F.S.); (C.B.); (A.R.)
- VIgilance FAtigue SOMmeil et Santé Publique, Université de Paris, 75004 Paris, France;
- Dreem SAS, 75009 Paris, France;
| | - Mégane Erblang
- Unité Fatigue et Vigilance, Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées (IRBA), 91223 Bretigny-sur-Orge, France; (C.D.); (E.D.); (M.E.); (R.D.); (M.G.); (P.V.B.); (F.S.); (C.B.); (A.R.)
- VIgilance FAtigue SOMmeil et Santé Publique, Université de Paris, 75004 Paris, France;
| | - Rodolphe Dorey
- Unité Fatigue et Vigilance, Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées (IRBA), 91223 Bretigny-sur-Orge, France; (C.D.); (E.D.); (M.E.); (R.D.); (M.G.); (P.V.B.); (F.S.); (C.B.); (A.R.)
- VIgilance FAtigue SOMmeil et Santé Publique, Université de Paris, 75004 Paris, France;
| | - Mathias Guillard
- Unité Fatigue et Vigilance, Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées (IRBA), 91223 Bretigny-sur-Orge, France; (C.D.); (E.D.); (M.E.); (R.D.); (M.G.); (P.V.B.); (F.S.); (C.B.); (A.R.)
- VIgilance FAtigue SOMmeil et Santé Publique, Université de Paris, 75004 Paris, France;
| | - Pascal Van Beers
- Unité Fatigue et Vigilance, Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées (IRBA), 91223 Bretigny-sur-Orge, France; (C.D.); (E.D.); (M.E.); (R.D.); (M.G.); (P.V.B.); (F.S.); (C.B.); (A.R.)
- VIgilance FAtigue SOMmeil et Santé Publique, Université de Paris, 75004 Paris, France;
| | | | - Robin Masson
- Ecole du Val de Grace, 75005 Paris, France; (M.T.); (R.M.)
| | - Fabien Sauvet
- Unité Fatigue et Vigilance, Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées (IRBA), 91223 Bretigny-sur-Orge, France; (C.D.); (E.D.); (M.E.); (R.D.); (M.G.); (P.V.B.); (F.S.); (C.B.); (A.R.)
- VIgilance FAtigue SOMmeil et Santé Publique, Université de Paris, 75004 Paris, France;
| | - Damien Leger
- VIgilance FAtigue SOMmeil et Santé Publique, Université de Paris, 75004 Paris, France;
- Centre du Sommeil et de la Vigilance, APHP, Hôpital Hôtel-Dieu, 75004 Paris, France
| | - Clément Bougard
- Unité Fatigue et Vigilance, Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées (IRBA), 91223 Bretigny-sur-Orge, France; (C.D.); (E.D.); (M.E.); (R.D.); (M.G.); (P.V.B.); (F.S.); (C.B.); (A.R.)
- VIgilance FAtigue SOMmeil et Santé Publique, Université de Paris, 75004 Paris, France;
| | | | - Arnaud Rabat
- Unité Fatigue et Vigilance, Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées (IRBA), 91223 Bretigny-sur-Orge, France; (C.D.); (E.D.); (M.E.); (R.D.); (M.G.); (P.V.B.); (F.S.); (C.B.); (A.R.)
- VIgilance FAtigue SOMmeil et Santé Publique, Université de Paris, 75004 Paris, France;
| | - Mounir Chennaoui
- Unité Fatigue et Vigilance, Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées (IRBA), 91223 Bretigny-sur-Orge, France; (C.D.); (E.D.); (M.E.); (R.D.); (M.G.); (P.V.B.); (F.S.); (C.B.); (A.R.)
- VIgilance FAtigue SOMmeil et Santé Publique, Université de Paris, 75004 Paris, France;
- Correspondence: (D.G.-M.); (M.C.)
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11
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Genetics and Cognitive Vulnerability to Sleep Deprivation in Healthy Subjects: Interaction of ADORA2A, TNF-α and COMT Polymorphisms. Life (Basel) 2021; 11:life11101110. [PMID: 34685481 PMCID: PMC8540997 DOI: 10.3390/life11101110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2021] [Revised: 10/02/2021] [Accepted: 10/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Several genetic polymorphisms differentiate between healthy individuals who are more cognitively vulnerable or resistant during total sleep deprivation (TSD). Common metrics of cognitive functioning for classifying vulnerable and resilient individuals include the Psychomotor Vigilance Test (PVT), Go/noGo executive inhibition task, and subjective daytime sleepiness. We evaluated the influence of 14 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) on cognitive responses during total sleep deprivation (continuous wakefulness for 38 h) in 47 healthy subjects (age 37.0 ± 1.1 years). SNPs selected after a literature review included SNPs of the adenosine-A2A receptor gene (including the most studied rs5751876), pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL1-β, IL-6), catechol-O-methyl-transferase (COMT), and PER3. Subjects performed a psychomotor vigilance test (PVT) and a Go/noGo-inhibition task, and completed the Karolinska Sleepiness Scale (KSS) every 6 h during TSD. For PVT lapses (reaction time >500 ms), an interaction between SNP and SDT (p < 0.05) was observed for ADORA2A (rs5751862 and rs2236624) and TNF-α (rs1800629). During TSD, carriers of the A allele for ADORA2A (rs5751862) and TNF-α were significantly more impaired for cognitive responses than their respective ancestral G/G genotypes. Carriers of the ancestral G/G genotype of ADORA2A rs5751862 were found to be very similar to the most resilient subjects for PVT lapses and Go/noGo commission errors. Carriers of the ancestral G/G genotype of COMT were close to the most vulnerable subjects. ADORA2A (rs5751862) was significantly associated with COMT (rs4680) (p = 0.001). In conclusion, we show that genetic polymorphisms in ADORA2A (rs5751862), TNF-α (rs1800629), and COMT (rs4680) are involved in creating profiles of high vulnerability or high resilience to sleep deprivation. (NCT03859882).
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12
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Interindividual differences in attentional vulnerability moderate cognitive performance during sleep restriction and subsequent recovery in healthy young men. Sci Rep 2021; 11:19147. [PMID: 34580319 PMCID: PMC8476607 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-95884-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2021] [Accepted: 07/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
We investigated whether interindividual attentional vulnerability moderates performance on domain-specific cognitive tasks during sleep restriction (SR) and subsequent recovery sleep. Fifteen healthy men (M ± SD, 22.3 ± 2.8 years) were exposed to three nights of baseline, five nights of 5-h time in bed SR, and two nights of recovery sleep. Participants completed tasks assessing working memory, visuospatial processing, and processing speed approximately every two hours during wake. Analyses examined performance across SR and recovery (linear predictor day or quadratic predictor day2) moderated by attentional vulnerability per participant (difference between mean psychomotor vigilance task lapses after the fifth SR night versus the last baseline night). For significant interactions between day/day2 and vulnerability, we investigated the effect of day/day2 at 1 SD below (less vulnerable level) and above (more vulnerable level) the mean of attentional vulnerability (N = 15 in all analyses). Working memory accuracy and speed on the Fractal 2-Back and visuospatial processing speed and efficiency on the Line Orientation Task improved across the entire study at the less vulnerable level (mean − 1SD) but not the more vulnerable level (mean + 1SD). Therefore, vulnerability to attentional lapses after SR is a marker of susceptibility to working memory and visuospatial processing impairment during SR and subsequent recovery.
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Mao T, Dinges D, Deng Y, Zhao K, Yang Z, Lei H, Fang Z, Yang FN, Galli O, Goel N, Basner M, Rao H. Impaired Vigilant Attention Partly Accounts for Inhibition Control Deficits After Total Sleep Deprivation and Partial Sleep Restriction. Nat Sci Sleep 2021; 13:1545-1560. [PMID: 34557048 PMCID: PMC8455079 DOI: 10.2147/nss.s314769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2021] [Accepted: 08/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Sleep loss impairs a range of neurobehavioral functions, particularly vigilant attention and arousal. However, the detrimental effects of sleep deprivation on inhibition control and its relationship to vigilant attention impairments remain unclear. This study examined the extent to which vigilant attention deficits contribute to inhibition control performance after one night of total sleep deprivation (TSD) and two nights of partial sleep restriction (PSR). PARTICIPANTS AND METHODS We analyzed data from N = 49 participants in a one-night of TSD experiment, N=16 participants in a control experiment without sleep loss, and N = 16 participants in a two-nights of PSR experiment (time in bed, TIB = 6 h for each night). Throughout waking periods in each condition, participants completed the psychomotor vigilance test (PVT), which measures vigilant attention, and the Go/No-Go task, which measures inhibition control. RESULTS After TSD and PSR, participants displayed significantly slower reaction times (RT) and more lapses in PVT performance, as well as slower Go RT and more errors of omission during the Go/No-Go task. PVT deficits accounted for 18.0% of the change in Go RT and 12.4% of the change in errors of omission in the TSD study, and 23.7% of the change in Go RT and 20.3% of the change in errors of omission in the PSR study. CONCLUSION Both TSD and PSR impaired inhibition control during the Go/No-Go task, which can be partly accounted for by vigilant attention deficits during the PVT. These findings support the key role of vigilant attention in maintaining overall neurobehavioral function after sleep loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianxin Mao
- Key Laboratory of Applied Brain and Cognitive Sciences, School of Business and Management, Shanghai International Studies University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
- Center for Functional Neuroimaging, Department of Neurology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - David Dinges
- Division of Sleep and Chronobiology, Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Yao Deng
- Key Laboratory of Applied Brain and Cognitive Sciences, School of Business and Management, Shanghai International Studies University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
- Center for Functional Neuroimaging, Department of Neurology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Ke Zhao
- Center for Functional Neuroimaging, Department of Neurology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Zijing Yang
- Center for Functional Neuroimaging, Department of Neurology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hui Lei
- Center for Functional Neuroimaging, Department of Neurology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Zhuo Fang
- Center for Functional Neuroimaging, Department of Neurology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Fan Nils Yang
- Center for Functional Neuroimaging, Department of Neurology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Olga Galli
- Division of Sleep and Chronobiology, Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Namni Goel
- Biological Rhythms Research Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Mathias Basner
- Division of Sleep and Chronobiology, Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Hengyi Rao
- Key Laboratory of Applied Brain and Cognitive Sciences, School of Business and Management, Shanghai International Studies University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
- Center for Functional Neuroimaging, Department of Neurology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Division of Sleep and Chronobiology, Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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14
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Bougard C, Davenne D, Moussay S, Espié S. Evaluating sleep deprivation and time-of-day influences on crash avoidance maneuvers of young motorcyclists using a dynamic simulator. JOURNAL OF SAFETY RESEARCH 2021; 78:36-46. [PMID: 34399930 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsr.2021.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2020] [Revised: 02/15/2021] [Accepted: 05/19/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Motorcyclists are particularly at risk of being injured when involved in a road traffic accident. To avoid such crashes, emergency braking and/or swerving maneuvers are frequently performed. The recent development of dynamic motorcycle simulators may allow to study the influences of various disturbance factors such as sleep deprivation (SD) and time-of-day (TOD) in safe conditions. METHODS Twelve young healthy males took part in 8 tests sessions at 06:00 h, 10:00 h, 14:00 h, 18:00 h after a night with or without sleep, in a random order. Participants had to perform an emergency braking and a swerving maneuver, both realized at 20 and 40 kph on a motorcycle dynamic simulator. For each task, the total distance/time necessary to perform the maneuver was recorded. Additional analysis was conducted on reaction and execution distance/time (considered as explanatory variables). RESULTS Both crash avoidance maneuvers (emergency braking and swerving) were affected by increased speed, resulting in longer time and distance at 40 kph than at 20 kph. Emergency braking was mainly influenced by sleep deprivation, which significantly increased the total distance necessary to stop at 40 kph (+1.57 m; + 20%; p < 0.01). These impaired performances can be linked to an increase in reaction time (+21%; p < 0.01). Considering the swerving maneuver, TOD and SD influences remained limited. TOD only influenced the reaction time/distance measured at 40 kph with poorer performance in the early morning (+30% at 06:00 h vs 18:00 h; p < 0.05). DISCUSSION Our results confirm that crash avoidance capabilities of young motorcyclists were influenced by the lack of sleep, mainly because of increased reaction times. More complex tasks (swerving maneuver) remained mostly unchanged in this paradigm. Practical Applications: Prevention campaigns should focus on the dangers of motorcycling while sleepy. Motorcycling simulators can be used to sensitize safely with sleep deprivation and time-of-day influences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clément Bougard
- Groupe PSA, Centre technique de Vélizy, Vélizy-Villacoublay, Cedex, France; Normandie University, Unicaen, INSERM, COMETE, CHU de Caen, Cyceron, Caen, France.
| | - Damien Davenne
- Normandie University, Unicaen, INSERM, COMETE, CHU de Caen, Cyceron, Caen, France
| | - Sébastien Moussay
- Normandie University, Unicaen, INSERM, COMETE, CHU de Caen, Cyceron, Caen, France
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15
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Suarez S, Eynard B, Granon S. A Dissociation of Attention, Executive Function and Reaction to Difficulty: Development of the MindPulse Test, a Novel Digital Neuropsychological Test for Precise Quantification of Perceptual-Motor Decision-Making Processes. Front Neurosci 2021; 15:650219. [PMID: 34349614 PMCID: PMC8326915 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2021.650219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2021] [Accepted: 06/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Traditionally, neuropsychological testing has assessed processing speed and precision, closely related to the ability to perform high-order cognitive tasks. An individual making a decision under time pressure must constantly rebalance its speed to action in order to account for possible errors. A deficit in processing speed appears to be afrequent disorder caused by cerebral damage — but it can be hard to pinpoint the exact cause of the slowdown. It is therefore important to separate the perceptual-motor component of processing speed from the decision-time component. We present a technique to isolate Reaction Times (RTs): a short digital test to assess the decision-making abilities of individuals by gauging their ability to balance between speed and precision. Our hypothesis is that some subjects willaccelerate, and others slow down in the face of the difficulty. This pilot study, conducted on 83 neurotypical adult volunteers, used images stimuli. The test was designed to measure RTs and correctness. After learning release gesture, the subjects were presented with three tasks: a simple Reaction Time task, a Go/No-Go, and a complex Go/No-Go with 2 simultaneous Choices. All three tasks have in common a perceptual component and a motor response. By measuring the 3 reference points requiring attentional and executive processing, while progressively increasing the conceptual complexity of the task, we were able to compare the processing times for different tasks — thus calculating the deceleration specific to the reaction time linked to difficulty. We defined the difficulty coefficient of a task as being the ratio of the group average time of this task minus the base time/average time of the unit task minus the base time. We found that RTs can be broken down into three elementary, uncorrelated components: Reaction Time, Executive Speed, and Reaction to Difficulty (RD). We hypothesized that RD reflects how the subject reacts to difficulty by accelerating (RD < 0) or decelerating (RD > 0). Thus we provide here a first proof of concept: the ability to measure four axes of the speed-precision trade-off inherent in a subject’s fundamental decision making: perceptual-motor speed, executive speed, subject accuracy, and reaction to difficulty.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Bertrand Eynard
- IHES, Institut des Hautes Études Scientifiques, Bures-sur-Yvette, France.,IPHT/DRF/CEA Institut de Physique Théorique, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Sylvie Granon
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Institut des Neurosciences Paris-Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
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16
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Mathew GM, Strayer SM, Bailey DS, Buzzell K, Ness KM, Schade MM, Nahmod NG, Buxton OM, Chang AM. Changes in Subjective Motivation and Effort During Sleep Restriction Moderate Interindividual Differences in Attentional Performance in Healthy Young Men. Nat Sci Sleep 2021; 13:1117-1136. [PMID: 34285617 PMCID: PMC8286723 DOI: 10.2147/nss.s294409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2020] [Accepted: 04/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The effects of sleep restriction on subjective alertness, motivation, and effort vary among individuals and may explain interindividual differences in attention during sleep restriction. We investigated whether individuals with a greater decrease in subjective alertness or motivation, or a greater increase in subjective effort (versus other participants), demonstrated poorer attention when sleep restricted. PARTICIPANTS AND METHODS Fifteen healthy men (M±SD, 22.3±2.8 years) completed a study with three nights of 10-hour time in bed (baseline), five nights of 5-hour time in bed (sleep restriction), and two nights of 10-hour time in bed (recovery). Participants completed a 10-minute psychomotor vigilance task (PVT) of sustained attention and rated alertness, motivation, and effort every two hours during wake (range: 3-9 administrations on a given day). Analyses examined performance across the study (first two days excluded) moderated by per-participant change in subjective alertness, motivation, or effort from baseline to sleep restriction. For significant interactions, we investigated the effect of study day2 (day*day) on the outcome at low (mean-1 SD) and high (mean+1 SD) levels of the moderator (N = 15, all analyses). RESULTS False starts increased across sleep restriction in participants who reported lower (mean-1 SD) but not preserved (mean+1 SD) motivation during sleep restriction. Lapses increased across sleep restriction regardless of change in subjective motivation, with a more pronounced increase in participants who reported lower versus preserved motivation. Lapses increased across sleep restriction in participants who reported higher (mean+1 SD) but not preserved (mean-1 SD) effort during sleep restriction. Change in subjective alertness did not moderate the effects of sleep restriction on attention. CONCLUSION Vigilance declines during sleep restriction regardless of change in subjective alertness or motivation, but individuals with reduced motivation exhibit poorer inhibition. Individuals with preserved subjective alertness still perform poorly during sleep restriction, while those reporting additional effort demonstrate impaired vigilance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gina Marie Mathew
- Department of Biobehavioral Health, College of Health and Human Development, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA
| | - Stephen M Strayer
- Department of Biobehavioral Health, College of Health and Human Development, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA
| | - David S Bailey
- Department of Biobehavioral Health, College of Health and Human Development, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA
| | - Katherine Buzzell
- Department of Biobehavioral Health, College of Health and Human Development, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA
| | - Kelly M Ness
- Department of Biobehavioral Health, College of Health and Human Development, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA
| | - Margeaux M Schade
- Department of Biobehavioral Health, College of Health and Human Development, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA
| | - Nicole G Nahmod
- Department of Biobehavioral Health, College of Health and Human Development, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA
| | - Orfeu M Buxton
- Department of Biobehavioral Health, College of Health and Human Development, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA
| | - Anne-Marie Chang
- Department of Biobehavioral Health, College of Health and Human Development, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA.,College of Nursing, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA
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Mehta R, Giri S, Mallick BN. REM sleep loss-induced elevated noradrenaline could predispose an individual to psychosomatic disorders: a review focused on proposal for prediction, prevention, and personalized treatment. EPMA J 2020; 11:529-549. [PMID: 33240449 DOI: 10.1007/s13167-020-00222-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2020] [Accepted: 07/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Historically and traditionally, it is known that sleep helps in maintaining healthy living. Its duration varies not only among individuals but also in the same individual depending on circumstances, suggesting it is a dynamic and personalized physiological process. It has been divided into rapid eye movement sleep (REMS) and non-REMS (NREMS). The former is unique that adult humans spend the least time in this stage, when although one is physically asleep, the brain behaves as if awake, the dream state. As NREMS is a pre-requisite for appearance of REMS, the latter can be considered a predictive readout of sleep quality and health. It plays a protective role against oxidative, stressful, and psychopathological insults. Several modern lifestyle activities compromise quality and quantity of sleep (including REMS) affecting fundamental physiological and psychopathosomatic processes in a personalized manner. REMS loss-induced elevated brain noradrenaline (NA) causes many associated symptoms, which are ameliorated by preventing NA action. Therefore, we propose that awareness about personalized sleep hygiene (including REMS) and maintaining optimum brain NA level should be of paramount significance for leading physical and mental well-being as well as healthy living. As sleep is a dynamic, multifactorial, homeostatically regulated process, for healthy living, we recommend addressing and treating sleep dysfunctions in a personalized manner by the health professionals, caregivers, family, and other supporting members in the society. We also recommend that maintaining sleep profile, optimum level of NA, and/or prevention of elevation of NA or its action in the brain must be seriously considered for ameliorating lifestyle and REMS disturbance-associated dysfunctions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachna Mehta
- School of Life Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, 110 067 India.,Present Address: Amity Institute of Neuropsychology & Neurosciences, Amity University, Noida, India
| | - Shatrunjai Giri
- School of Life Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, 110 067 India
| | - Birendra N Mallick
- School of Life Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, 110 067 India
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18
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Regan MD, Flynn-Evans EE, Griko YV, Kilduff TS, Rittenberger JC, Ruskin KJ, Buck CL. Shallow metabolic depression and human spaceflight: a feasible first step. J Appl Physiol (1985) 2020; 128:637-647. [PMID: 31999524 DOI: 10.1152/japplphysiol.00725.2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Synthetic torpor is an induced state of deep metabolic depression (MD) in an organism that does not naturally employ regulated and reversible MD. If applied to spaceflight crewmembers, this metabolic state may theoretically mitigate numerous biological and logistical challenges of human spaceflight. These benefits have been the focus of numerous recent articles where, invariably, they are discussed in the context of hypothetical deep MD states in which the metabolism of crewmembers is profoundly depressed relative to basal rates. However, inducing these deep MD states in humans, particularly humans aboard spacecraft, is currently impossible. Here, we discuss shallow MD as a feasible first step toward synthetic torpor during spaceflight and summarize perspectives following a recent NASA-hosted workshop. We discuss methods to safely induce shallow MD (e.g., sleep and slow wave enhancement via acoustic and photoperiod stimulation; moderate sedation via dexmedetomidine), which we define as an ~20% depression of metabolic rate relative to basal levels. We also discuss different modes of shallow MD application (e.g., habitual versus targeted, whereby shallow MD is induced routinely throughout a mission or only under certain circumstances, respectively) and different spaceflight scenarios that would benefit from its use. Finally, we propose a multistep development plan toward the application of synthetic torpor to human spaceflight, highlighting shallow MD's role. As space agencies develop missions to send humans further into space than ever before, shallow MD has the potential to confer health benefits for crewmembers, reduce demands on spacecraft capacities, and serve as a testbed for deeper MD technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew D Regan
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin
| | - Erin E Flynn-Evans
- Fatigue Countermeasures Laboratory, Human Systems Integration Division, NASA Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, California
| | - Yuri V Griko
- Countermeasure Development Laboratory, Space Biosciences Division, NASA Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, California
| | - Thomas S Kilduff
- Biosciences Division, Center for Neuroscience, SRI International, Menlo Park, California
| | - Jon C Rittenberger
- Guthrie Robert Packer Hospital Emergency Medicine Program, Geisinger Commonwealth School of Medicine, Scranton, Pennsylvania
| | - Keith J Ruskin
- Department of Anesthesia and Critical Care, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - C Loren Buck
- Department of Biological Sciences, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, Arizona
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19
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Faraut B, Andrillon T, Drogou C, Gauriau C, Dubois A, Servonnet A, Van Beers P, Guillard M, Gomez-Merino D, Sauvet F, Chennaoui M, Léger D. Daytime Exposure to Blue-Enriched Light Counters the Effects of Sleep Restriction on Cortisol, Testosterone, Alpha-Amylase and Executive Processes. Front Neurosci 2020; 13:1366. [PMID: 31998056 PMCID: PMC6961531 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2019.01366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2019] [Accepted: 12/03/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Sleep debt is becoming a better acknowledged cause of physiological stress and neurobehavioral deficits with major public-health concerns. We investigated whether exposure to blue light during daytime could be an efficient countermeasure to limit sleep restriction’s impact on relevant behavioral (stress, sleepiness, sustained attention, and memory performance) and physiological (saliva cortisol, testosterone, and alpha-amylase) markers. Our semi-ecological, crossover, randomized design included 17 young men that underwent two sleep-restricted nights (3 h each) followed or not by blue light exposure (30-min-long sessions at 100 lux repeated four times throughout the day). Behavioral and physiological measurements were performed in the lab but outside these periods the participants kept following their usual routine. After sleep restriction, morning cortisol and testosterone, and afternoon alpha-amylase levels decreased. In parallel, subjective ratings of stress and sleepiness increased while performance on the sustained attention and memory tasks deteriorated. In contrast, after periods of blue light exposure, all these parameters were largely restored to baseline levels, despite an identical sleep restriction procedure, although this restorative effect was reduced for the memory task. Our findings suggest that even short exposure to blue light could trigger persistent beneficial effects throughout the day and could be potentially efficient in real-life settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brice Faraut
- EA 7330 VIFASOM (Vigilance Fatigue Sommeil et Santé Publique), Université de Paris, Paris, France.,Consultation de Pathologie Professionnelle Sommeil Vigilance et Travail, Centre du Sommeil et de la Vigilance, Hôtel-Dieu, APHP-5, Paris, France
| | - Thomas Andrillon
- School of Psychological Sciences, Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Catherine Drogou
- EA 7330 VIFASOM (Vigilance Fatigue Sommeil et Santé Publique), Université de Paris, Paris, France.,Unité Fatigue et Vigilance, IRBA - Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées, Brétigny-sur-Orge, France
| | - Caroline Gauriau
- Consultation de Pathologie Professionnelle Sommeil Vigilance et Travail, Centre du Sommeil et de la Vigilance, Hôtel-Dieu, APHP-5, Paris, France
| | - Alexandre Dubois
- Consultation de Pathologie Professionnelle Sommeil Vigilance et Travail, Centre du Sommeil et de la Vigilance, Hôtel-Dieu, APHP-5, Paris, France
| | - Aurélie Servonnet
- Unité Fatigue et Vigilance, IRBA - Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées, Brétigny-sur-Orge, France
| | - Pascal Van Beers
- EA 7330 VIFASOM (Vigilance Fatigue Sommeil et Santé Publique), Université de Paris, Paris, France.,Unité Fatigue et Vigilance, IRBA - Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées, Brétigny-sur-Orge, France
| | - Mathias Guillard
- EA 7330 VIFASOM (Vigilance Fatigue Sommeil et Santé Publique), Université de Paris, Paris, France.,Unité Fatigue et Vigilance, IRBA - Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées, Brétigny-sur-Orge, France
| | - Danielle Gomez-Merino
- EA 7330 VIFASOM (Vigilance Fatigue Sommeil et Santé Publique), Université de Paris, Paris, France.,Unité Fatigue et Vigilance, IRBA - Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées, Brétigny-sur-Orge, France
| | - Fabien Sauvet
- EA 7330 VIFASOM (Vigilance Fatigue Sommeil et Santé Publique), Université de Paris, Paris, France.,Unité Fatigue et Vigilance, IRBA - Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées, Brétigny-sur-Orge, France
| | - Mounir Chennaoui
- EA 7330 VIFASOM (Vigilance Fatigue Sommeil et Santé Publique), Université de Paris, Paris, France.,Unité Fatigue et Vigilance, IRBA - Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées, Brétigny-sur-Orge, France
| | - Damien Léger
- EA 7330 VIFASOM (Vigilance Fatigue Sommeil et Santé Publique), Université de Paris, Paris, France.,Consultation de Pathologie Professionnelle Sommeil Vigilance et Travail, Centre du Sommeil et de la Vigilance, Hôtel-Dieu, APHP-5, Paris, France
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20
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Sleep and the GH/IGF-1 axis: Consequences and countermeasures of sleep loss/disorders. Sleep Med Rev 2019; 49:101223. [PMID: 31778943 DOI: 10.1016/j.smrv.2019.101223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2019] [Revised: 10/21/2019] [Accepted: 10/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
This article presents an up-to-date review of the state-of-the-art knowledge regarding the effect of sleep on the anabolic growth hormone/insulin-like growth factor-1 (GH/IGF-1) axis. This axis is involved in learning and memory and neuroprotection at the central level, and in the crosstalk between sleep and the immune system, with respect to its anti-inflammatory properties. We also aim to provide insight into the consequences of sleep loss on cognitive capacities in healthy individuals and patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), regarding the mechanistic association with the GH/IGF-1 axis. Finally, this review examines the inflammatory/endocrine pathways that are affected by sleep loss, and which may consequently interact with the GH/IGF-1 axis. The deleterious effects of sleep loss include fatigue, and can cause several adverse age-dependent health outcomes. It is therefore important to improve our understanding of the fundamental physiology underlying these effects in order to better apply non-pharmacological countermeasures (e.g., sleep strategies, exercise training, continuous positive airway pressure therapy) as well as pharmacological solutions, so as to limit the deleterious consequences of sleep loss/disorders.
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21
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Rabat A, Arnal PJ, Monnard H, Erblang M, Van Beers P, Bougard C, Drogou C, Guillard M, Sauvet F, Leger D, Gomez-Merino D, Chennaoui M. Limited Benefit of Sleep Extension on Cognitive Deficits During Total Sleep Deprivation: Illustration With Two Executive Processes. Front Neurosci 2019; 13:591. [PMID: 31275098 PMCID: PMC6594410 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2019.00591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2018] [Accepted: 05/23/2019] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Sleep extension has been associated with better alertness and sustained attention capacities before, during and after sleep loss. However, less is known about such beneficial effect on executive functions (EFs). Our aim was to investigate such effects on two EFs (i.e., inhibition and working memory) for subjects submitted to total sleep deprivation and one-night of recovery. Methods: Fourteen healthy men (26-37 years old) participated in an experimental cross-over design with two conditions: extended sleep (EXT, 9.8 ± 0.1 h of Time In Bed, TIB) and habitual sleep (HAB, 8.2 ± 0.1 h TIB). During these two conditions subjects underwent two consecutive phases: Six nights of either EXT or HAB followed by 3 days in-laboratory: baseline (BASE), TSD (38 h) and after recovery (REC). EFs capacities were assessed through Go-NoGo (inhibition) and 2N-Back (working memory) tasks. Both EFs capacities were measured at different time (BASE/TSD/REC: 09:30, 13:00, 16:00; TSD: 21:00, 00:00, 03:00, 06:30). Results: In both conditions (HAB and EXT), TSD was associated with deficits in inhibition (higher errors and mean reaction time from TSD 09:30 until the end; p < 0.05) and working memory (lower corrects responses from TSD 06:30 or 09:30; p < 0.05). We observed no significant differences between HAB and EXT conditions on EFs capacities during BASE, TSD, and REC periods. Conclusion: Six nights of sleep extension is neither efficient to reduce core EFs deficits related to TSD nor to improve such capacities after a recovery night. These results highlight that sleep extension (six nights of 10 h of TIB) is not effective to limit EFs deficits related to TSD suggesting a disconnection inside cognition between executive and sustained attention processes. Clinical Trials: NCT02352272.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arnaud Rabat
- Unité Fatigue et Vigilance, Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées, Brétigny-sur-Orge, France
- VIFASOM Team (EA 7330), Hotel Dieu Hospital, Paris Descartes University, Paris, France
| | - Pierrick J. Arnal
- Unité Fatigue et Vigilance, Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées, Brétigny-sur-Orge, France
- VIFASOM Team (EA 7330), Hotel Dieu Hospital, Paris Descartes University, Paris, France
| | - Hortense Monnard
- Unité Fatigue et Vigilance, Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées, Brétigny-sur-Orge, France
- VIFASOM Team (EA 7330), Hotel Dieu Hospital, Paris Descartes University, Paris, France
| | - Mégane Erblang
- Unité Fatigue et Vigilance, Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées, Brétigny-sur-Orge, France
- VIFASOM Team (EA 7330), Hotel Dieu Hospital, Paris Descartes University, Paris, France
| | - Pascal Van Beers
- Unité Fatigue et Vigilance, Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées, Brétigny-sur-Orge, France
- VIFASOM Team (EA 7330), Hotel Dieu Hospital, Paris Descartes University, Paris, France
| | - Clément Bougard
- Unité Fatigue et Vigilance, Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées, Brétigny-sur-Orge, France
- VIFASOM Team (EA 7330), Hotel Dieu Hospital, Paris Descartes University, Paris, France
| | - Catherine Drogou
- Unité Fatigue et Vigilance, Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées, Brétigny-sur-Orge, France
- VIFASOM Team (EA 7330), Hotel Dieu Hospital, Paris Descartes University, Paris, France
| | - Mathias Guillard
- Unité Fatigue et Vigilance, Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées, Brétigny-sur-Orge, France
- VIFASOM Team (EA 7330), Hotel Dieu Hospital, Paris Descartes University, Paris, France
| | - Fabien Sauvet
- Unité Fatigue et Vigilance, Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées, Brétigny-sur-Orge, France
- VIFASOM Team (EA 7330), Hotel Dieu Hospital, Paris Descartes University, Paris, France
| | - Damien Leger
- VIFASOM Team (EA 7330), Hotel Dieu Hospital, Paris Descartes University, Paris, France
- Alertness and Sleep Center, Hotel Dieu Hospital, Paris Descartes University, Paris, France
| | - Danielle Gomez-Merino
- Unité Fatigue et Vigilance, Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées, Brétigny-sur-Orge, France
- VIFASOM Team (EA 7330), Hotel Dieu Hospital, Paris Descartes University, Paris, France
| | - Mounir Chennaoui
- Unité Fatigue et Vigilance, Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées, Brétigny-sur-Orge, France
- VIFASOM Team (EA 7330), Hotel Dieu Hospital, Paris Descartes University, Paris, France
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22
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Léger D, Debellemaniere E, Rabat A, Bayon V, Benchenane K, Chennaoui M. Slow-wave sleep: From the cell to the clinic. Sleep Med Rev 2018; 41:113-132. [DOI: 10.1016/j.smrv.2018.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2017] [Revised: 01/02/2018] [Accepted: 01/22/2018] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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23
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Ukraintseva Y, Liaukovich K, Polishchuk А, Martynova О, Belov D, Simenel E, Meira e Cruz М, Nizhnik А. Slow-wave sleep and androgens: selective slow-wave sleep suppression affects testosterone and 17α-hydroxyprogesterone secretion. Sleep Med 2018; 48:117-126. [DOI: 10.1016/j.sleep.2018.04.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2018] [Revised: 04/22/2018] [Accepted: 04/25/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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24
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Debellemaniere E, Gomez-Merino D, Erblang M, Dorey R, Genot M, Perreaut-Pierre E, Pisani A, Rocco L, Sauvet F, Léger D, Rabat A, Chennaoui M. Using relaxation techniques to improve sleep during naps. INDUSTRIAL HEALTH 2018; 56:220-227. [PMID: 29332862 PMCID: PMC5985461 DOI: 10.2486/indhealth.2017-0092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2017] [Accepted: 01/05/2018] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Insufficient sleep is a common occurrence in occupational settings (e.g. doctors, drivers, soldiers). The resulting sleep debt can lead to daytime sleepiness, fatigue, mood disorder, and cognitive deficits as well as altered vascular, immune and inflammatory responses. Short daytime naps have been shown to be effective at counteracting negative outcomes related to sleep debt with positive effects on daytime sleepiness and performance after a normal or restricted night of sleep in laboratory settings. However, the environmental settings in the workplace and the emotional state of workers are generally not conducive to beneficial effects. Here, we tested whether relaxation techniques (RT) involving hypnosis might increase total sleep time (TST) and/or deepen sleep. In this study, eleven volunteers (aged 37-52) took six early-afternoon naps (30 min) in their occupational workplace, under two different conditions: control 'Naps' or 'Naps + RT' with a within-subjects design. Our results demonstrate that adding RT to naps changes sleep architecture, with a significant increase in the TST, mostly due to N2 sleep stage (and N3, to a lesser extent). Therefore, the deepening of short naps with RT involving hypnosis might be a successful non-pharmacological way to extend sleep duration and to deepen sleep in occupational settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eden Debellemaniere
- EA7330 VIFASOM, Université Paris Descartes, France
- Départment Neurosciences et Contraintes Opérationnelles (NCO), Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées (IRBA), France
- Rythm SAS, France
| | - Danielle Gomez-Merino
- EA7330 VIFASOM, Université Paris Descartes, France
- Départment Neurosciences et Contraintes Opérationnelles (NCO), Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées (IRBA), France
| | - Mégane Erblang
- EA7330 VIFASOM, Université Paris Descartes, France
- Départment Neurosciences et Contraintes Opérationnelles (NCO), Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées (IRBA), France
| | - Rodolphe Dorey
- EA7330 VIFASOM, Université Paris Descartes, France
- Départment Neurosciences et Contraintes Opérationnelles (NCO), Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées (IRBA), France
| | - Michel Genot
- Centre National des Sports de la Défense (CNSD), France
| | - Edith Perreaut-Pierre
- Départment Neurosciences et Contraintes Opérationnelles (NCO), Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées (IRBA), France
- Centre National des Sports de la Défense (CNSD), France
- Coévolution, France
| | - André Pisani
- Centre National des Sports de la Défense (CNSD), France
| | - Laurent Rocco
- Centre National des Sports de la Défense (CNSD), France
| | - Fabien Sauvet
- EA7330 VIFASOM, Université Paris Descartes, France
- Départment Neurosciences et Contraintes Opérationnelles (NCO), Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées (IRBA), France
| | - Damien Léger
- EA7330 VIFASOM, Université Paris Descartes, France
| | - Arnaud Rabat
- EA7330 VIFASOM, Université Paris Descartes, France
- Départment Neurosciences et Contraintes Opérationnelles (NCO), Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées (IRBA), France
| | - Mounir Chennaoui
- EA7330 VIFASOM, Université Paris Descartes, France
- Départment Neurosciences et Contraintes Opérationnelles (NCO), Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées (IRBA), France
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25
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Daytime microsleeps during 7 days of sleep restriction followed by 13 days of sleep recovery in healthy young adults. Conscious Cogn 2018; 61:1-12. [PMID: 29631192 DOI: 10.1016/j.concog.2018.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2017] [Revised: 03/20/2018] [Accepted: 03/21/2018] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
We investigated the consequences of sleep restriction (SR) on maintenance of wakefulness capacities and diurnal sleepiness through microsleeps monitoring. 12 healthy males (20-36 years old) were sleep restricted (4 h per night) during 7 nights followed by 13 nights of recovery sleep. Participants completed Karolinska Sleepiness Scale (KSS) and Maintenance of Wakefulness Test (MWT) at baseline (B), during SR (SR1, SR4 and SR7) and during recovery (R3 and R13), while continuously recorded for EEG analysis. During SR, MWT latencies decreased (SR7: -24.4%), whereas the number, the cumulative duration of microsleeps and KSS scores increased. Recovery nights allowed MWT latencies, KSS scores and all sleep values to return to baseline levels, while a rebound in N3, N3% and REM% sleep stages occurred. During SR, the maintenance of N3 sleep duration seems not sufficient to reduce daytime sleepiness and MWT results did not reflect the sleepiness levels characterized by persistent sleep attacks.
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26
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Changes of Cerebral and/or Peripheral Adenosine A₁ Receptor and IGF-I Concentrations under Extended Sleep Duration in Rats. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:ijms18112439. [PMID: 29149028 PMCID: PMC5713406 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18112439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2017] [Revised: 11/10/2017] [Accepted: 11/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Extended sleep improves sustained attention and reduces sleep pressure in humans. Downregulation of adenosine A₁ receptor (A₁R) and modulation of the neurotrophic factor insulin growth factor-1 (IGF-I) in brain structures controlling attentional capacities could be involved. In the frontal cortex and hippocampus of rats, we measured adenosine A₁R and IGF-I protein concentrations after photoperiod-induced sleep extension. Two groups of twelve rats were adapted over 14 days to a habitual (CON) 12:12 light-dark (LD) schedule and an extended (EXT) 16:8 LD schedule. IGF-I content was also measured in plasma, liver, and skeletal muscle. In EXT, compared to CON rats, A₁R content in the frontal cortex was significantly lower (p < 0.05), while IGF-I content was higher (p < 0.001), and no significant change was observed in the hippocampus. IGF-I content in plasma and muscle was higher (p < 0.001 and p < 0.01), while it was lower in liver (p < 0.001). The absolute weight and weight gain were higher in EXT rats (p < 0.01). These data suggest that 14 days under a 16:8 LD photoperiod respectively down- and upregulated cortical A₁R and IGF-I levels. This photoperiod induced an anabolic profile with increased weight gain and circulating and muscular IGF-I levels. An extension of sleep duration might favor cerebral and peripheral anabolism, which may help attentional and physical capacities.
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27
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Rabat A, Arnal P, Monnard H, Erblang M, Clément B, Van Beers P, Drogou C, Guillard M, Gomez-Merino D, Léger D, Sauvet F, Chennaoui M. Differential benefits of sleep extension on sustained attention and executive processes during and after an acute total sleep deprivation. J Sci Med Sport 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jsams.2017.09.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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28
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Carrier J, Semba K, Deurveilher S, Drogos L, Cyr-Cronier J, Lord C, Sekerovick Z. Sex differences in age-related changes in the sleep-wake cycle. Front Neuroendocrinol 2017; 47:66-85. [PMID: 28757114 DOI: 10.1016/j.yfrne.2017.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2017] [Revised: 06/09/2017] [Accepted: 07/19/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Age-related changes in sleep and circadian regulation occur as early as the middle years of life. Research also suggests that sleep and circadian rhythms are regulated differently between women and men. However, does sleep and circadian rhythms regulation age similarly in men and women? In this review, we present the mechanisms underlying age-related differences in sleep and the current state of knowledge on how they interact with sex. We also address how testosterone, estrogens, and progesterone fluctuations across adulthood interact with sleep and circadian regulation. Finally, we will propose research avenues to unravel the mechanisms underlying sex differences in age-related effects on sleep.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julie Carrier
- Center for Advanced Research in Sleep Medicine, Hôpital du Sacré-Cœur de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada; Institut Universitaire de Gériatrie de Montréal, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada; Département de psychologie, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada.
| | - Kazue Semba
- Department of Medical Neuroscience, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada; Department of Psychiatry, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada; Department of Psychology & Neuroscience, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | - Samuel Deurveilher
- Department of Medical Neuroscience, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | - Lauren Drogos
- Departments of Physiology & Pharmacology and Clinical Neurosciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Jessica Cyr-Cronier
- Center for Advanced Research in Sleep Medicine, Hôpital du Sacré-Cœur de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Catherine Lord
- Center for Advanced Research in Sleep Medicine, Hôpital du Sacré-Cœur de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Zoran Sekerovick
- Center for Advanced Research in Sleep Medicine, Hôpital du Sacré-Cœur de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
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Zhao Z, Zhao X, Veasey SC. Neural Consequences of Chronic Short Sleep: Reversible or Lasting? Front Neurol 2017; 8:235. [PMID: 28620347 PMCID: PMC5449441 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2017.00235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2017] [Accepted: 05/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Approximately one-third of adolescents and adults in developed countries regularly experience insufficient sleep across the school and/or work week interspersed with weekend catch up sleep. This common practice of weekend recovery sleep reduces subjective sleepiness, yet recent studies demonstrate that one weekend of recovery sleep may not be sufficient in all persons to fully reverse all neurobehavioral impairments observed with chronic sleep loss, particularly vigilance. Moreover, recent studies in animal models demonstrate persistent injury to and loss of specific neuron types in response to chronic short sleep (CSS) with lasting effects on sleep/wake patterns. Here, we provide a comprehensive review of the effects of chronic sleep disruption on neurobehavioral performance and injury to neurons, astrocytes, microglia, and oligodendrocytes and discuss what is known and what is not yet established for reversibility of neural injury. Recent neurobehavioral findings in humans are integrated with animal model research examining long-term consequences of sleep loss on neurobehavioral performance, brain development, neurogenesis, neurodegeneration, and connectivity. While it is now clear that recovery of vigilance following short sleep requires longer than one weekend, less is known of the impact of CSS on cognitive function, mood, and brain health long term. From work performed in animal models, CSS in the young adult and short-term sleep loss in critical developmental windows can have lasting detrimental effects on neurobehavioral performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengqing Zhao
- Department of Neurology, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiangxiang Zhao
- Department of Neurology, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Sigrid C Veasey
- Center for Sleep and Circadian Neurobiology, Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
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