1
|
Raheel K, Deegan G, Di Giulio I, Cash D, Ilic K, Gnoni V, Chaudhuri KR, Drakatos P, Moran R, Rosenzweig I. Sex differences in alpha-synucleinopathies: a systematic review. Front Neurol 2023; 14:1204104. [PMID: 37545736 PMCID: PMC10398394 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2023.1204104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 08/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Past research indicates a higher prevalence, incidence, and severe clinical manifestations of alpha-synucleinopathies in men, leading to a suggestion of neuroprotective properties of female sex hormones (especially estrogen). The potential pathomechanisms of any such effect on alpha-synucleinopathies, however, are far from understood. With that aim, we undertook to systematically review, and to critically assess, contemporary evidence on sex and gender differences in alpha-synucleinopathies using a bench-to-bedside approach. Methods In this systematic review, studies investigating sex and gender differences in alpha-synucleinopathies (Rapid Eye Movement (REM) Behavior Disorder (RBD), Parkinson's Disease (PD), Dementia with Lewy Bodies (DLB), Multiple System Atrophy (MSA)) from 2012 to 2022 were identified using electronic database searches of PubMed, Embase and Ovid. Results One hundred sixty-two studies were included; 5 RBD, 6 MSA, 20 DLB and 131 PD studies. Overall, there is conclusive evidence to suggest sex-and gender-specific manifestation in demographics, biomarkers, genetics, clinical features, interventions, and quality of life in alpha-synucleinopathies. Only limited data exists on the effects of distinct sex hormones, with majority of studies concentrating on estrogen and its speculated neuroprotective effects. Conclusion Future studies disentangling the underlying sex-specific mechanisms of alpha-synucleinopathies are urgently needed in order to enable novel sex-specific therapeutics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kausar Raheel
- Sleep and Brain Plasticity Centre, Department of Neuroimaging, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience (IoPPN), King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Gemma Deegan
- Sleep and Brain Plasticity Centre, Department of Neuroimaging, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience (IoPPN), King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
- BRAIN, Imaging Centre, CNS, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Irene Di Giulio
- Sleep and Brain Plasticity Centre, Department of Neuroimaging, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience (IoPPN), King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
- School of Basic and Medical Biosciences, Faculty of Life Science and Medicine, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Diana Cash
- Sleep and Brain Plasticity Centre, Department of Neuroimaging, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience (IoPPN), King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
- BRAIN, Imaging Centre, CNS, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
- Department of Neuroimaging, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience (IoPPN), King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Katarina Ilic
- Sleep and Brain Plasticity Centre, Department of Neuroimaging, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience (IoPPN), King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
- BRAIN, Imaging Centre, CNS, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
- Department of Neuroimaging, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience (IoPPN), King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Valentina Gnoni
- Sleep and Brain Plasticity Centre, Department of Neuroimaging, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience (IoPPN), King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
- Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases and the Aging Brain, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Lecce, Italy
| | - K. Ray Chaudhuri
- Movement Disorders Unit, King’s College Hospital and Department of Clinical and Basic Neurosciences, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience and Parkinson Foundation Centre of Excellence, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Panagis Drakatos
- School of Basic and Medical Biosciences, Faculty of Life Science and Medicine, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
- Sleep Disorders Centre, Guy’s and St Thomas’ NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - Rosalyn Moran
- Department of Neuroimaging, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience (IoPPN), King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Ivana Rosenzweig
- Sleep and Brain Plasticity Centre, Department of Neuroimaging, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience (IoPPN), King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
- Sleep Disorders Centre, Guy’s and St Thomas’ NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Chen D, Wan L, Chen Z, Yuan X, Liu M, Tang Z, Fu Y, Zhu S, Zhang X, Qiu R, Tang B, Jiang H. Serum vitamin levels in multiple system atrophy: A case-control study. Front Aging Neurosci 2023; 14:1105019. [PMID: 36688152 PMCID: PMC9849558 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2022.1105019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Accepted: 12/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Aim There is increasing evidence suggesting that vitamins may play important roles in the pathogenesis of multiple system atrophy (MSA). The purpose of this study was to detect the changes of serum vitamin levels and investigate their correlation with disease severity in MSA patients. Methods In this cross-sectional study, 244 MSA patients, 200 Parkinson's disease (PD) patients and 244 age-gender matched healthy controls were recruited. Serum vitamin levels were measured, including vitamin A, B1, B2, B9 (folate), B12, C, D, and E. Relevant clinical scales were used to assess the disease severity of MSA patients. Results Compared with the healthy controls, decreased serum folate levels and increased serum vitamin A and C levels were detected in MSA patients. Similar differences were also observed in the gender-based subgroup analysis. There were no differences detected between MSA and PD patients. In MSA patients, significant correlation was found between vitamin A, folate, or vitamin C and relevant clinical scales or laboratory findings. In addition, ROC analysis showed potential diagnostic value of the combination of vitamin A, folate, and vitamin C in distinguishing MSA patients from healthy controls. Conclusion There were significant changes in the blood vitamin spectrums of MSA patients, suggesting that dysregulation of vitamins homeostasis might play an important role in the pathogenesis of MSA.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daji Chen
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Linlin Wan
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China,Key Laboratory of Hunan Province in Neurodegenerative Disorders, Central South University, Changsha, China,Department of Radiology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China,Hunan International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Neurodegenerative and Neurogenetic Diseases, Changsha, China
| | - Zhao Chen
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China,Key Laboratory of Hunan Province in Neurodegenerative Disorders, Central South University, Changsha, China,Hunan International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Neurodegenerative and Neurogenetic Diseases, Changsha, China,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xinrong Yuan
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Mingjie Liu
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Zhichao Tang
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - You Fu
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Sudan Zhu
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xuewei Zhang
- Health Management Center, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Rong Qiu
- School of Computer Science and Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Beisha Tang
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China,Key Laboratory of Hunan Province in Neurodegenerative Disorders, Central South University, Changsha, China,Hunan International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Neurodegenerative and Neurogenetic Diseases, Changsha, China,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Hong Jiang
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China,Key Laboratory of Hunan Province in Neurodegenerative Disorders, Central South University, Changsha, China,Hunan International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Neurodegenerative and Neurogenetic Diseases, Changsha, China,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China,School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, China,National International Collaborative Research Center for Medical Metabolomics, Central South University, Changsha, China,*Correspondence: Hong Jiang, ✉
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Ye F, Wang T, Li H, Liang J, Wu X, Sheng W. Serum Cystatin C as a Potential Predictor of the Severity of Multiple System Atrophy With Predominant Cerebellar Ataxia: A Case-Control Study in Chinese Population. Front Neurosci 2021; 15:663980. [PMID: 34566557 PMCID: PMC8461053 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2021.663980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2021] [Accepted: 08/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: Multiple system atrophy (MSA) is a serious neurodegenerative disease that is charactered by progressive neurological disability. The aim of this study was to investigate the correlation of serum oxidant factors with the severity of MSA. Methods: A total of 52 MSA patients and 52 age- and gender- matched healthy subjects were retrospectively enrolled in this study. Enzymatic colorimetric methods were used to assay the concentrations of uric acid (UA), serum creatinine (Scr), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), and cystatin C (Cys-C). Disease severity was evaluated by the Unified Multiple System Atrophy Rating Scale (UMSARS). The disease progression rate was defined by the change in UMSARS-IV (global disability score, GDS) over a 1-year period. Results: Comparisons between the two groups revealed that there were no significant differences in terms of serum Scr (70.81 ± 13.88 vs. 70.92 ± 14.19 μmol/L, p = 0.967). However, the serum levels of the other three biomarkers were significantly higher in the MSA patients (UA: 325.31 ± 84.92 vs. 291.19 ± 64.14 μmol/L, p = 0.023; BUN: 5.68 ± 1.67 vs. 4.60 ± 1.24 mmol/L, p < 0.001; Cys-C: 0.96 ± 0.15 vs. 0.89 ± 0.14 mg/L, p = 0.024). In addition, Pearson correlation analyses revealed that only serum Cys-C was significantly correlated to GDS (r = 0.281, p = 0.044). Subgroup analysis further demonstrated that serum Cys-C was the only factor that was positively associated with the disease severity in patients with MSA and predominant cerebellar ataxia (MSA-C) (r = 0.444, p = 0.018); there was no significant association in MSA patients with predominant Parkinsonism (MSA-P) (r = 0.118, p = 0.582). MSA-C patients with severe disability were shown to express higher serum levels of Cys-C than patients with mild disability (1.03 ± 0.13 vs. 0.88 ± 0.12 mg/L, p = 0.009). Finally, Kaplan-Meier plots revealed a significant difference in the 5-year probability of survival from severe disability between MSA-C patients with high- and low-concentrations of serum Cys-C (Log-rank test: X2 = 4.154, p = 0.042). ROC curve analysis confirmed that serum Cys-C exhibits good performance as a biomarker (AUC = 0.847). Conclusion: Our research indicated that oxidative stress plays a vital role in MSA. Serum Cys-C represents a potential prognostic biomarker to evaluate the severity of disease in patients with MSA-C.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fei Ye
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Major Neurological Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Tianzhu Wang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Huan Li
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Major Neurological Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jie Liang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Major Neurological Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoxin Wu
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Major Neurological Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wenli Sheng
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Major Neurological Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Grażyńska A, Adamczewska K, Antoniuk S, Bień M, Toś M, Kufel J, Urbaś W, Siuda J. The Influence of Serum Uric Acid Level on Non-Motor Symptoms Occurrence and Severity in Patients with Idiopathic Parkinson's Disease and Atypical Parkinsonisms-A Systematic Review. MEDICINA-LITHUANIA 2021; 57:medicina57090972. [PMID: 34577895 PMCID: PMC8468188 DOI: 10.3390/medicina57090972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2021] [Revised: 09/07/2021] [Accepted: 09/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Background and Objectives: A growing number of studies correlated higher levels of serum uric acid (UA) with both: lower risk of Parkinson’s Disease (PD) occurrence and slower progression of the disease. Similar conclusions were made where studies correlated UA with atypical Parkinsonisms (AP) progression. A few researchers have studied the issue of the influence of serum UA on the occurrence of non-motor symptoms (NMS) in PD and AP. Our systematic review is the first review completely dedicated to this matter. Materials and Methods: A comprehensive evaluation of the literature was performed to review the relationship between UA and NMS in PD and AP. The systematic review was conducted according to PRISMA Statement guidelines. The following databases were searched starting in April 2021: MEDLINE via PubMed, Embase, and Scopus. During the research, the following filters were used: >2010, articles in English, concerning humans. The study was not registered and received no external funding. Results: Seven articles meeting all inclusion criteria were included in this study. Collectively, data on 1104 patients were analyzed. A correlation between serum UA concentration and a few NMS types has been provided by the analyzed studies. In four papers, sleep disorders and fatigue were related to UA for both advanced and early PD. Other commonly appearing NMS domains were Attention/memory (4 studies), Depression/anxiety (3 studies), Cardiovascular (3 studies), Gastrointestinal (1 study), Perceptual (1 study), and Miscellaneous (1 study). For AP, no significant correlation between UA and worsening of NMS has been found. Conclusions: Based on the analyzed studies, a correlation between serum UA level and the occurrence and worsening of NMS in PD and APs cannot be definitively determined. Large-scale studies with a more diverse patient population and with more accurate methods of NMS assessment in Parkinsonism are needed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anna Grażyńska
- Students’ Scientific Association, Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia, 40-752 Katowice, Poland; (A.G.); (K.A.); (S.A.); (M.B.)
| | - Klaudia Adamczewska
- Students’ Scientific Association, Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia, 40-752 Katowice, Poland; (A.G.); (K.A.); (S.A.); (M.B.)
| | - Sofija Antoniuk
- Students’ Scientific Association, Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia, 40-752 Katowice, Poland; (A.G.); (K.A.); (S.A.); (M.B.)
| | - Martyna Bień
- Students’ Scientific Association, Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia, 40-752 Katowice, Poland; (A.G.); (K.A.); (S.A.); (M.B.)
| | - Mateusz Toś
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia, 40-752 Katowice, Poland;
| | - Jakub Kufel
- Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia in Zabrze, 41-800 Zabrze, Poland;
| | - Weronika Urbaś
- Department of Neurology, St. Barbara Provincial Specialist Hospital No. 5, 41-200 Sosnowiec, Poland;
| | - Joanna Siuda
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia, 40-752 Katowice, Poland;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +48-32-789-46-01 or +48-501-252-691; Fax: +48-32-789-45-55
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Gori F, Tirelli AS, Piontini A, De Gennaro Colonna V, Bamonti F, Vassalle C, Vigna L. Metabolic Syndrome, Homocysteine and uric acid in patients with obesity; experience from Obesity and Work Centre. MEDITERRANEAN JOURNAL OF NUTRITION AND METABOLISM 2021. [DOI: 10.3233/mnm-210554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Uric acid (UA) and homocysteine (HCys) are involved in cardiovascular diseases. Patients with obesity (PwO) are characterized by elevated cardiovascular risk. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the relationship between HCys and UA concentrations in 1141 overweight patients and PwO with and without metabolic syndrome (MS). METHODS: MS was defined according to IDF criteria (2005). Anthropometric data were recorded and blood biochemical parameters were assessed with routine methods on fasting blood samples. Statistics: Spearman correlation and multiple regression analysis. RESULTS: Gender, obesity and MS influenced both UA and HCys levels, which were increased in males, MS patients, PwO with MS and positively correlated (p < 0.001). Patients without MS had normal or slightly high levels. Hypertension, hyperuricemia and hyperhomocysteinemia were found in PwO with MS. UA concentration correlated with systolic blood pressure, triglycerides and HDL (all p < 0.05). Multivariate analysis showed that HCys concentration was an independent determinant factor affecting UA levels (T value 3.5, p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: HCys and UA levels positively and significantly correlated in PwO, especially in those with MS. The significant correlation between UA and hypertension, triglycerides, HDL suggests the clinical usefulness of monitoring UA together with HCys concentrations as cardiovascular risk marker in these patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Gori
- Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Emergency, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Amedea Silvia Tirelli
- Laboratory of Clinical Chemistry and Microbiology, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Alessandra Piontini
- Occupational Health Unit, Center of Obesity and Work, EASO Collaborating Centers for Obesity Management, Fondazione Ca’ Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
- Department of Transfusion Medicine and Haematology, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Vito De Gennaro Colonna
- Occupational Health Unit, Center of Obesity and Work, EASO Collaborating Centers for Obesity Management, Fondazione Ca’ Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health DISSCO, University of Milan, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Fabrizia Bamonti
- Clinical Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Luisella Vigna
- Occupational Health Unit, Center of Obesity and Work, EASO Collaborating Centers for Obesity Management, Fondazione Ca’ Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Guo S, Zhao B, An Y, Zhang Y, Meng Z, Zhou Y, Zheng M, Yang D, Wang M, Ying B. Potential Fluid Biomarkers and a Prediction Model for Better Recognition Between Multiple System Atrophy-Cerebellar Type and Spinocerebellar Ataxia. Front Aging Neurosci 2021; 13:644699. [PMID: 33958996 PMCID: PMC8093568 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2021.644699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2020] [Accepted: 03/12/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective This study screened potential fluid biomarkers and developed a prediction model based on the easily obtained information at initial inspection to identify ataxia patients more likely to have multiple system atrophy-cerebellar type (MSA-C). Methods We established a retrospective cohort with 125 ataxia patients from southwest China between April 2018 and June 2020. Demographic and laboratory variables obtained at the time of hospital admission were screened using Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator (LASSO) regression and logistic regression to construct a diagnosis score. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) and decision curve analyses were performed to assess the accuracy and net benefit of the model. Also, independent validation using 25 additional ataxia patients was carried out to verify the model efficiency. Then the model was translated into a visual and operable web application using the R studio and Shiny package. Results From 47 indicators, five variables were selected and integrated into the prediction model, including the age of onset (AO), direct bilirubin (DBIL), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), eGFR, and synuclein-alpha. The prediction model exhibited an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.929 for the training cohort and an AUC of 0.917 for the testing cohort. The decision curve analysis (DCA) plot displayed a good net benefit for this model, and external validation confirmed its reliability. The model also was translated into a web application that is freely available to the public. Conclusion The prediction model that was developed based on laboratory and demographic variables obtained from ataxia patients at admission to the hospital might help improve the ability to differentiate MSA-C from spinocerebellar ataxia clinically.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shuo Guo
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Bi Zhao
- Department of Neurology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yunfei An
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Department of Neurology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Zirui Meng
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yanbing Zhou
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Mingxue Zheng
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Dan Yang
- Department of Radiology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Minjin Wang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Binwu Ying
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Diagnostic utility of fluid biomarkers in multiple system atrophy: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Neurol 2020; 268:2703-2712. [PMID: 32162061 DOI: 10.1007/s00415-020-09781-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2019] [Revised: 03/02/2020] [Accepted: 03/03/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Multiple system atrophy (MSA) is an adult onset, fatal neurodegenerative disease. However, no reliable biomarker is currently available to guide clinical diagnosis and help to determine the prognosis. Thus, a comprehensive meta-analysis is warranted to determine effective biomarkers for MSA and provide useful guidance for clinical diagnosis. METHODS A comprehensive literature search was made of the PubMed, Embase, Cochrane and Web of Science databases for relevant clinical trial articles for 1984-2019. Two review authors examined the full-text records, respectively, and determined which studies met the inclusion criteria. We estimated the mean difference, standard deviation and 95% confidence intervals. RESULTS A total of 28 studies and 11 biomarkers were included in our analysis. Several biomarkers were found to be useful to distinguish MSA patients from healthy controls, including the reduction of phosphorylated tau, α-synuclein (α-syn), 42-amino-acid form of Aβ and total tau (t-tau), the elevation of neurofilament light-chain protein (NFL) in cerebrospinal fluid, the elevation of uric acid and reduction of homocysteine and coenzyme Q10 in plasma. Importantly, α-syn, NFL and t-tau could be used to distinguish MSA from Parkinson's disease (PD), indicating that these three biomarkers could be useful biomarkers in MSA diagnosis. CONCLUSION The findings of our meta-analysis demonstrated diagnostic biomarkers for MSA. Moreover, three biomarkers could be used in differential diagnosis of MSA and PD. The results could be helpful for the early diagnosis of MSA and the accuracy of MSA diagnosis.
Collapse
|
8
|
Chen Q, Qiao Y, Xu XJ, You X, Tao Y. Urine Organic Acids as Potential Biomarkers for Autism-Spectrum Disorder in Chinese Children. Front Cell Neurosci 2019; 13:150. [PMID: 31114480 PMCID: PMC6502994 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2019.00150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2018] [Accepted: 04/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder that lacks clear biological biomarkers. Existing diagnostic methods focus on behavioral and performance characteristics, which complicates the diagnosis of patients younger than 3 years-old. The purpose of this study is to characterize metabolic features of ASD that could be used to identify potential biomarkers for diagnosis and exploration of ASD etiology. We used gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC/MS) to evaluate major metabolic fluctuations in 76 organic acids present in urine from 156 children with ASD and from 64 non-autistic children. Three algorithms, Partial Least Squares-Discriminant Analysis (PLS-DA), Support Vector Machine (SVM), and eXtreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost), were used to develop models to distinguish ASD from typically developing (TD) children and to detect potential biomarkers. In an independent testing set, full model of XGBoost with all 76 acids achieved an AUR of 0.94, while reduced model with top 20 acids discovered by voting from these three algorithms achieved 0.93 and represent a good collection of potential ASD biomarkers. In summary, urine organic acids detection with GC/MS combined with XGBoost algorithm could represent a novel and accurate strategy for diagnosis of autism and the discovered potential biomarkers could be valuable for future research on the pathogenesis of autism and possible interventions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qiao Chen
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - You Qiao
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Xin-jie Xu
- Central Research Laboratory, Department of Scientific Research, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Xin You
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
- Autism Special Fund, Peking Union Medical Foundation, Beijing, China
| | - Ying Tao
- Institute of Artificial Intelligence, Ping An Technology (Shenzhen) Ltd., Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Wang X, Xuan W, Zhu ZY, Li Y, Zhu H, Zhu L, Fu DY, Yang LQ, Li PY, Yu WF. The evolving role of neuro-immune interaction in brain repair after cerebral ischemic stroke. CNS Neurosci Ther 2018; 24:1100-1114. [PMID: 30350341 DOI: 10.1111/cns.13077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2018] [Revised: 09/23/2018] [Accepted: 09/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Stroke is the world's leading cause of disability with limited brain repair treatments which effectively improve long-term neurological deficits. The neuroinflammatory responses persist into the late repair phase of stroke and participate in all brain repair elements, including neurogenesis, angiogenesis, synaptogenesis, remyelination and axonal sprouting, shedding new light on post-stroke brain recovery. Resident brain glial cells, such as astrocytes not only contribute to neuroinflammation after stroke, but also secrete a wide range of trophic factors that can promote post-stroke brain repair. Alternatively, activated microglia, monocytes, and neutrophils in the innate immune system, traditionally considered as major damaging factors after stroke, have been suggested to be extensively involved in brain repair after stroke. The adaptive immune system may also have its bright side during the late regenerative phase, affecting the immune suppressive regulatory T cells and B cells. This review summarizes the recent findings in the evolving role of neuroinflammation in multiple post-stroke brain repair mechanisms and poses unanswered questions that may generate new directions for future research and give rise to novel therapeutic targets to improve stroke recovery.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xin Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei Xuan
- Department of Anesthesiology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zi-Yu Zhu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yan Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hao Zhu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ling Zhu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Dan-Yun Fu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Li-Qun Yang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Pei-Ying Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei-Feng Yu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Watanabe H, Riku Y, Hara K, Kawabata K, Nakamura T, Ito M, Hirayama M, Yoshida M, Katsuno M, Sobue G. Clinical and Imaging Features of Multiple System Atrophy: Challenges for an Early and Clinically Definitive Diagnosis. J Mov Disord 2018; 11:107-120. [PMID: 30086614 PMCID: PMC6182302 DOI: 10.14802/jmd.18020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2018] [Revised: 05/08/2018] [Accepted: 05/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Multiple system atrophy (MSA) is an adult-onset, progressive neurodegenerative disorder. Patients with MSA show various phenotypes during the course of their illness, including parkinsonism, cerebellar ataxia, autonomic failure, and pyramidal signs. Patients with MSA sometimes present with isolated autonomic failure or motor symptoms/ signs. The median duration from onset to the concomitant appearance of motor and autonomic symptoms is approximately 2 years but can range up to 14 years. As the presence of both motor and autonomic symptoms is essential for the current diagnostic criteria, early diagnosis is difficult when patients present with isolated autonomic failure or motor symptoms/signs. In contrast, patients with MSA may show severe autonomic failure and die before the presentation of motor symptoms/signs, which are currently required for the diagnosis of MSA. Recent studies have also revealed that patients with MSA may show nonsupporting features of MSA such as dementia, hallucinations, and vertical gaze palsy. To establish early diagnostic criteria and clinically definitive categorization for the successful development of disease-modifying therapy or symptomatic interventions for MSA, research should focus on the isolated phase and atypical symptoms to develop specific clinical, imaging, and fluid biomarkers that satisfy the requirements for objectivity, for semi- or quantitative measurements, and for uncomplicated, worldwide availability. Several novel techniques, such as automated compartmentalization of the brain into multiple parcels for the quantification of gray and white matter volumes on an individual basis and the visualization of α-synuclein and other candidate serum and cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers, may be promising for the early and clinically definitive diagnosis of MSA.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hirohisa Watanabe
- Brain and Mind Research Center, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
- Department of Neurology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Yuichi Riku
- Department of Neurology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Hara
- Department of Neurology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Kazuya Kawabata
- Department of Neurology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Tomohiko Nakamura
- Department of Neurology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | | | - Masaaki Hirayama
- Department of Pathophysiological Laboratory Science, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Mari Yoshida
- Institute for Medical Science of Aging, Aichi Medical University, Nagakute, Japan
| | - Masahisa Katsuno
- Department of Neurology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Gen Sobue
- Brain and Mind Research Center, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Rana AQ, Qureshi AR, Akhter S, Ingar Y, Ayub A, Abdullah I, Madhosh O, Sarfraz Z, Rana MB, Rana R. Osteoarthritis Increases Paresthestic and Akathisic Pain, Anxiety Case-ness, and Depression Severity in Patients With Parkinson's Disease. Front Neurol 2018; 9:409. [PMID: 29951029 PMCID: PMC6008414 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2018.00409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2017] [Accepted: 05/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: Parkinson's disease (PD) patients are known to suffer from pain, anxiety, and depression, but the exact degree of association between the two is unknown. As many PD patients also suffer from physical impairments, this cross-sectional case-control study sets out to compare and determine the case-ness of pain, anxiety and depression in PD patients that suffer with or without symptomatic osteoarthritis (OA). The goal of this study, therefore, was to observe if additional pain associated with comorbid OA in PD patients is correlated with greater depression and anxiety rates. The importance of understanding the burden of pain and increased depression severity of PD and OA patients is so that they may be screened appropriately based on the symptoms, which may increase their overall quality of life. Methods:This cross-sectional case-control study included 3 groups of 34 patients and 78 healthy age and gender-matched control participants. PD patients with symptomatic OA (PD+OA), PD patients without symptomatic OA (PD), patients with symptomatic OA but no PD (OA), and healthy control participants (Control). A PD patient group with Restless Legs Syndrome (PD+RLS) of 27 patients was also included. All participants completed questionnaires to assess for pain, depression, and anxiety. Results:PD+OA and PD patients had worsened depression severity and were more likely to report anxiety and depression case-ness than OA patients. PD+OA patients were more likely to complain about paresthestic and akasthisic pain, but less likely to complain about aching pain compared to PD patients and OA patients. PD+OA patients were more likely to have greater pain severity, and were more likely to report radiating and sharp pain than PD+RLS patients. PD+OA patients were also more likely to report higher depression case-ness than PD+RLS patients. Conclusion:PD with OA seems to be linked with specific pain characteristics (akathisia and paraesthesia) as well as heightened overall pain severity and pain interference in comparison to OA alone, PD alone and PD with RLS. PD is also correlated with depression severity and anxiety case-ness in OA when compared to the OA alone, PD alone and PD with RLS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Abdul Qayyum Rana
- Clinical Neurology, Parkinson's Clinic of Eastern Toronto & Movement Disorders Centre, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Abdul Rehman Qureshi
- Clinical Neurology, Parkinson's Clinic of Eastern Toronto & Movement Disorders Centre, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Shakib Akhter
- Clinical Neurology, Parkinson's Clinic of Eastern Toronto & Movement Disorders Centre, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Yameen Ingar
- Clinical Neurology, Parkinson's Clinic of Eastern Toronto & Movement Disorders Centre, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Ali Ayub
- Clinical Neurology, Parkinson's Clinic of Eastern Toronto & Movement Disorders Centre, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Ismael Abdullah
- Clinical Neurology, Parkinson's Clinic of Eastern Toronto & Movement Disorders Centre, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Obaidullah Madhosh
- Clinical Neurology, Parkinson's Clinic of Eastern Toronto & Movement Disorders Centre, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Zainab Sarfraz
- Clinical Neurology, Parkinson's Clinic of Eastern Toronto & Movement Disorders Centre, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Muhammad B Rana
- Clinical Neurology, Parkinson's Clinic of Eastern Toronto & Movement Disorders Centre, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Ruqqiyah Rana
- Clinical Neurology, Parkinson's Clinic of Eastern Toronto & Movement Disorders Centre, Toronto, ON, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Cao B, Chen Y, Zhou Q, Zhang L, Ou R, Wei Q, Wu Y, Shang HF. Functional Variant rs3135500 in NOD2 Increases the Risk of Multiple System Atrophy in a Chinese Population. Front Aging Neurosci 2018; 10:150. [PMID: 29881342 PMCID: PMC5976778 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2018.00150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2018] [Accepted: 05/04/2018] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Given the overlap of clinical manifestations and pathological characteristics between Parkinson's disease (PD) and multiple system atrophy (MSA), we investigated the associations between five functional polymorphisms of nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain protein 2 (NOD2) which were associated with PD, and MSA in a Chinese population. Methods: A cohort of 431 MSA patients and 441 unrelated healthy controls (HCs) were included in the study. Five polymorphisms in NOD2, including P268S, R702W, G908R, 1007fs, and rs3135500, were genotyped. The mRNA expression of NOD2 in peripheral mononuclear cells (PBMCs) in 32 MSA patients were analyzed using RT-PCR, and the concentration of NOD2 and α-synuclein from plasma of 57 MSA patients were also measured by ELISA analysis. Results: No heterozygous or homozygous for R702W, G908R, and 1007fs were found in all the subjects. For rs3135500, differences in genotype distributions, dominant and additive genetic models, were found between MSA and HCs, and between MSA Parkinsonism (MSA-P) patients and HCs. Interestingly, patients carrying the “A” allele of rs3135500 had higher mRNA NOD2 level from PBMCs and NOD2 protein from plasma than patients without this allele (p = 0.028 and p = 0.036, respectively). In addition, we also found the concentration of NOD2 in plasma was positively correlated with the levels of NOD2 mRNA in PBMC and α-synuclein in plasma (R = 0.761 and 0.832, respectively). Conclusion: Our findings suggest that the rs3135500 variant in the NOD2 gene might increase the risk for MSA and might provide new evidence that inflammation mediated by NOD2 involved in the pathogenesis of MSA. Further association studies involving a larger number of participants, as well as functional studies, are needed to confirm our current findings.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bei Cao
- Department of Neurology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yongping Chen
- Department of Neurology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Qingqing Zhou
- Department of Neurology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Lingyu Zhang
- Department of Neurology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Ruwei Ou
- Department of Neurology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Qianqian Wei
- Department of Neurology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Ying Wu
- Department of Neurology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Hui-Fang Shang
- Department of Neurology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Luo F, Shi J, Shi Q, He X, Xia Y. ERK and p38 Upregulation versus Bcl-6 Downregulation in Rat Kidney Epithelial Cells Exposed to Prolonged Hypoxia. Cell Transplant 2018; 26:1441-1451. [PMID: 28901193 PMCID: PMC5680977 DOI: 10.1177/0963689717720296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypoxia is a common cause of kidney injury and a major issue in kidney transplantation. Mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) are involved in the cellular response to hypoxia, but the precise roles of MAPKs in renal cell reactions to hypoxic stress are not well known yet. This work was conducted to investigate the regulation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase-1 and -2 (ERK1/2) and p38 and their signaling-relevant molecules in kidney epithelial cells exposed to prolonged hypoxia. Rat kidney epithelial cells Normal Rat Kidney (NRK)-52E were exposed to hypoxic conditions (1% O2) for 24 to 72 h. Cell morphology was examined by light microscopy, and cell viability was checked by 3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-5-[3-carboxymethoxypheny]-2-[4-sulfophenyl]-2H-tetrazolium (MTS). The expression of ERK1/2 and p38 MAPK, as well as their signaling-related molecules, was measured by Western blot and real-time polymerase chain (RT-PCR) reaction. At the 1% oxygen level, cell morphology had no appreciable changes compared to the control up to 72 h of exposure under light microscopy, whereas the results of MTS showed a slight but significant reduction in cell viability after 72 h of hypoxia. On the other hand, ERK1/2 and p38 phosphorylation remarkably increased in these cells after 24 to 72 h of hypoxia. In sharp contrast, the expression of transcription factor B-cell lymphoma 6 (Bcl-6) was significantly downregulated in response to hypoxic stress. Other intracellular molecules relevant to the ERK1/2 and p38 signaling pathway, such as protein kinase A, protein kinase C, Bcl-2, nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2, tristetraprolin, and interleukin-10(IL-10), had no significant alterations after 24 to 72 h of hypoxic exposure. We conclude that hypoxic stress increases the phosphorylation of both ERK1/2 and p38 but decreases the level of Bcl-6 in rat kidney epithelial cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fengbao Luo
- 1 Department of Urology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jian Shi
- 1 Department of Urology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Qianqian Shi
- 1 Department of Urology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiaozhou He
- 1 Department of Urology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ying Xia
- 2 Shanghai Key Laboratory of Acupuncture Mechanism and Acupoint Function, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Calogero AM, Viganò M, Budelli S, Galimberti D, Fenoglio C, Cartelli D, Lazzari L, Lehenkari P, Canesi M, Giordano R, Cappelletti G, Pezzoli G. Microtubule defects in mesenchymal stromal cells distinguish patients with Progressive Supranuclear Palsy. J Cell Mol Med 2018; 22:2670-2679. [PMID: 29502334 PMCID: PMC5908108 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.13545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2017] [Accepted: 12/11/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Progressive Supranuclear Palsy (PSP) is a rare neurodegenerative disease whose etiopathogenesis remains elusive. The intraneuronal accumulation of hyperphosphorylated Tau, a pivotal protein in regulating microtubules (MT), leads to include PSP into tauopathies. Pathological hallmarks are well known in neural cells but no word yet if PSP‐linked dysfunctions occur also in other cell types. We focused on bone marrow mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) that have recently gained attention for therapeutic interventions due to their anti‐inflammatory, antiapoptotic and trophic properties. Here, we aimed to investigate MSCs biology and to disclose if any disease‐linked defect occurs in this non‐neuronal compartment. First, we found that cells obtained from patients showed altered morphology and growth. Next, Western blotting analysis unravelled the imbalance in α‐tubulin post‐translational modifications and in MT stability. Interestingly, MT mass is significantly decreased in patient cells at baseline and differently changes overtime compared to controls, suggesting their inability to efficiently remodel MT cytoskeleton during ageing in culture. Thus, our results provide the first evidence that defects in MT regulation and stability occur and are detectable in a non‐neuronal compartment in patients with PSP. We suggest that MSCs could be a novel model system for unravelling cellular processes implicated in this neurodegenerative disorder.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Mariele Viganò
- Department of Services and Preventive Medicine, Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine - Cell Factory, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Silvia Budelli
- Department of Services and Preventive Medicine, Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine - Cell Factory, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy.,Parkinson Institute, ASST G.Pini-CTO, ex ICP, Milan, Italy
| | - Daniela Galimberti
- Department of Physiopathology and Transplantation, Dino Ferrari Center, Neurodegenerative Disease Unit, Fondazione Ca' Granda, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Chiara Fenoglio
- Department of Physiopathology and Transplantation, Dino Ferrari Center, Neurodegenerative Disease Unit, Fondazione Ca' Granda, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Daniele Cartelli
- Department of Biosciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Lorenza Lazzari
- Department of Services and Preventive Medicine, Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine - Cell Factory, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Petri Lehenkari
- Department of Surgery and Anatomy, Medical Research Center, University of Oulu and University of Oulu Hospital, Oulu, Finland
| | | | - Rosaria Giordano
- Department of Services and Preventive Medicine, Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine - Cell Factory, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Graziella Cappelletti
- Department of Biosciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy.,Center of Excellence on Neurodegenerative Diseases, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Gianni Pezzoli
- Parkinson Institute, ASST G.Pini-CTO, ex ICP, Milan, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Zou J, Chen Z, Liang C, Fu Y, Wei X, Lu J, Pan M, Guo Y, Liao X, Xie H, Wu D, Li M, Liang L, Wang P, Wang Q. Trefoil Factor 3, Cholinesterase and Homocysteine: Potential Predictors for Parkinson's Disease Dementia and Vascular Parkinsonism Dementia in Advanced Stage. Aging Dis 2018; 9:51-65. [PMID: 29392081 PMCID: PMC5772858 DOI: 10.14336/ad.2017.0416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2017] [Accepted: 04/16/2017] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Trefoil factor 3 (TFF3), cholinesterase activity (ChE activity) and homocysteine (Hcy) play critical roles in modulating recognition, learning and memory in neurodegenerative diseases, such as Parkinson's disease dementia (PDD) and vascular parkinsonism with dementia (VPD). However, whether they can be used as reliable predictors to evaluate the severity and progression of PDD and VPD remains largely unknown. METHODS We performed a cross-sectional study that included 92 patients with PDD, 82 patients with VPD and 80 healthy controls. Serum levels of TFF3, ChE activity and Hcy were measured. Several scales were used to rate the severity of PDD and VPD. Receivers operating characteristic (ROC) curves were applied to map the diagnostic accuracy of PDD and VPD patients compared to healthy subjects. RESULTS Compared with healthy subjects, the serum levels of TFF3 and ChE activity were lower, while Hcy was higher in the PDD and VPD patients. These findings were especially prominent in male patients. The three biomarkers displayed differences between PDD and VPD sub-groups based on genders and UPDRS (III) scores' distribution. Interestingly, these increased serum Hcy levels were significantly and inversely correlated with decreased TFF3/ChE activity levels. There were significant correlations between TFF3/ChE activity/Hcy levels and PDD/VPD severities, including motor dysfunction, declining cognition and mood/gastrointestinal symptoms. Additionally, ROC curves for the combination of TFF3, ChE activity and Hcy showed potential diagnostic value in discriminating PDD and VPD patients from healthy controls. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that serum TFF3, ChE activity and Hcy levels may underlie the pathophysiological mechanisms of PDD and VPD. As the race to find biomarkers or predictors for these diseases intensifies, a better understanding of the roles of TFF3, ChE activity and Hcy may yield insights into the pathogenesis of PDD and VPD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Caiqian Liang
- 2Department of Emergency, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, China
| | - Yongmei Fu
- 2Department of Emergency, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, China
| | | | - Jianjun Lu
- 3Department of Neurology, Guangdong 999 Brain Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Mengqiu Pan
- 3Department of Neurology, Guangdong 999 Brain Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yue Guo
- 4Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, China
| | - Xinxue Liao
- 4Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, China
| | - Huifang Xie
- 5Department of Neurology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, China
| | - Duobin Wu
- 5Department of Neurology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, China
| | - Min Li
- 6School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Lihui Liang
- 7Department of Geriatric Medicine, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Penghua Wang
- 8Department of Microbiology & Immunology, School of Medicine, New York Medical College, NY 10595, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
16
|
Colini Baldeschi A, Pittaluga E, Andreola F, Rossi S, Cozzolino M, Nicotera G, Sferrazza G, Pierimarchi P, Serafino A. Atrial Natriuretic Peptide Acts as a Neuroprotective Agent in in Vitro Models of Parkinson's Disease via Up-regulation of the Wnt/β-Catenin Pathway. Front Aging Neurosci 2018; 10:20. [PMID: 29449807 PMCID: PMC5799264 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2018.00020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2017] [Accepted: 01/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
In the last decades increasing evidence indicated a crucial role of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling in development of midbrain dopaminergic (mDA) neurons. Recently dysregulation of this pathway has been proposed as a novel pathomechanism leading to Parkinson's disease (PD) and some of the molecules participating to the signaling have been evaluated as potential therapeutic targets for PD. Atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) is a cardiac-derived hormone having a critical role in cardiovascular homeostasis. ANP and its receptors (NPRs) are widely expressed in mammalian central nervous system (CNS) where they could be implicated in the regulation of neural development, synaptic transmission and information processing, as well as in neuroprotection. Until now, the effects of ANP in the CNS have been mainly ascribed to the binding and activation of NPRs. We have previously demonstrated that ANP affects the Wnt/β-catenin signaling in colorectal cancer cells through a Frizzled receptor-mediated mechanism. The purpose of this study was to investigate if ANP is able to exert neuroprotective effect on two in vitro models of PD, and if this effect could be related to activation of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling. As cellular models of DA neurons, we used the proliferating or RA-differentiated human neuroblastoma cell line SH-SY5Y. In both DA neuron-like cultures, ANP is able to positively affect the Wnt/β-catenin signaling, by inducing β-catenin stabilization and nuclear translocation. Importantly, activation of the Wnt pathway by ANP exerts neuroprotective effect when these two cellular systems were subjected to neurotoxic insult (6-OHDA) for mimicking the neurodegeneration of PD. Our data support the relevance of exogenous ANP as an innovative therapeutic molecule for midbrain, and more in general for brain diseases for which aberrant Wnt signaling seems to be involved.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Eugenia Pittaluga
- Institute of Translational Pharmacology, National Research Council of Italy, Rome, Italy
| | - Federica Andreola
- Institute of Translational Pharmacology, National Research Council of Italy, Rome, Italy
| | - Simona Rossi
- Institute of Translational Pharmacology, National Research Council of Italy, Rome, Italy
| | - Mauro Cozzolino
- Institute of Translational Pharmacology, National Research Council of Italy, Rome, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Nicotera
- Institute of Translational Pharmacology, National Research Council of Italy, Rome, Italy
| | - Gianluca Sferrazza
- Institute of Translational Pharmacology, National Research Council of Italy, Rome, Italy
| | - Pasquale Pierimarchi
- Institute of Translational Pharmacology, National Research Council of Italy, Rome, Italy
| | - Annalucia Serafino
- Institute of Translational Pharmacology, National Research Council of Italy, Rome, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Guo Y, Zhuang XD, Xian WB, Wu LL, Huang ZN, Hu X, Zhang XS, Chen L, Liao XX. Serum Klotho, vitamin D, and homocysteine in combination predict the outcomes of Chinese patients with multiple system atrophy. CNS Neurosci Ther 2017. [PMID: 28628270 DOI: 10.1111/cns.12711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS Neuroinflammation contributed to the pathogenesis of multiple system atrophy (MSA). We aimed to detect the correlation between inflammatory mediators, such as Klotho (Klt), vitamin D (25(OH)D) and homocysteine (Hcy), and disease severity among MSA patients. METHODS A total of 53 MSA patients, 65 PD patients, and 62 normal subjects were recruited in our cross-sectional study. Serum Klotho (Klt), vitamin D (25(OH)D), and homocysteine (Hcy) levels were measured. Several scales were undertaken to assess the motor/nonmotor function and cognitive impairment of MSA. RESULTS Decreased Serum Klt and 25(OH)D levels and increased Hcy levels were found in patients with MSA, compared with healthy controls. These results were more pronounced in male patients. The three biomarkers also displayed differences between MSA and PD subgroups based on genders. Interestingly, Klt, 25(OH)D and Hcy levels associated with cognition impairment, motor dysfunction, mood/cardiovascular disorder among MSA patients. In addition, the combination of Klt, 25(OH)D and Hcy had a better diagnostic ability for distinguishing MSA patients from healthy subjects, as well as distinguishing male MSA patients from male PD patients. CONCLUSION This study suggested that Klt, 25(OH)D and Hcy levels could be a potential predictor for MSA severity evaluation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yue Guo
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Assisted Circulation, Ministry of Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiao-Dong Zhuang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wen-Biao Xian
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Ling-Ling Wu
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ze-Na Huang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xun Hu
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiang-Song Zhang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Ling Chen
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xin-Xue Liao
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Assisted Circulation, Ministry of Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Moretti R, Caruso P, Dal Ben M, Conti C, Gazzin S, Tiribelli C. Vitamin D, Homocysteine, and Folate in Subcortical Vascular Dementia and Alzheimer Dementia. Front Aging Neurosci 2017; 9:169. [PMID: 28611659 PMCID: PMC5447683 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2017.00169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2017] [Accepted: 05/15/2017] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Dementia is a worldwide health problem which affects millions of patients; Alzheimer's disease (AD) and subcortical vascular dementia (sVAD) are the two most frequent forms of its presentation. As no definite therapeutic options have been discovered, different risk factors for cognitive impairment have been searched for potential therapies. This report focuses on the possible evidence that vitamin D deficiency and hyper-homocysteinemia can be considered as two important factors for the development or the progression of neurodegenerative or vascular pathologies. To this end, we assessed: the difference in vascular risk factors and vitamin D-OH25 levels among groups of sVAD, AD, and healthy age-matched controls; the association of folate, B12, homocysteine, and vitamin D with sVAD/AD and whether a deficiency of vitamin D and an increment in homocysteine levels may be related to neurodegenerative or vessel damages. The commonly-considered vascular risk factors were collected in 543 patients and compared with those obtained from a healthy old volunteer population. ANOVA group comparison showed that vitamin D deficiency was present in demented cases, as well as low levels of folate and high levels of homocysteine, more pronounced in sVAD cases. The statistical models we employed, with regression models built, and adjustments for biochemical, demographic and neuropsychiatric scores, confirmed the association between the three measures (folate decrease, hyperhomocysteinemia and vitamin D decrease) and dementia, more pronounced in sVAD than in AD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rita Moretti
- Neurology Clinic, Department of Medical, Surgical and Health Sciences, University of TriesteTrieste, Italy
| | - Paola Caruso
- Neurology Clinic, Department of Medical, Surgical and Health Sciences, University of TriesteTrieste, Italy
| | - Matteo Dal Ben
- Neurology Clinic, Department of Medical, Surgical and Health Sciences, University of TriesteTrieste, Italy.,Italian Liver Foundation, Centro Studi FegatoTrieste, Italy
| | - Corrado Conti
- Neurology Clinic, Department of Medical, Surgical and Health Sciences, University of TriesteTrieste, Italy
| | - Silvia Gazzin
- Italian Liver Foundation, Centro Studi FegatoTrieste, Italy
| | | |
Collapse
|
19
|
Han KA, Yoo L, Sung JY, Chung SA, Um JW, Kim H, Seol W, Chung KC. Leucine-Rich Repeat Kinase 2 (LRRK2) Stimulates IL-1β-Mediated Inflammatory Signaling through Phosphorylation of RCAN1. Front Cell Neurosci 2017; 11:125. [PMID: 28553204 PMCID: PMC5425608 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2017.00125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2016] [Accepted: 04/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Leucine-rich repeat kinase 2 (LRRK2) is a Ser/Thr kinase having mixed lineage kinase-like and GTPase domains, controlling neurite outgrowth and neuronal cell death. Evidence suggests that LRRK2 is involved in innate immune response signaling, but the underlying mechanism is yet unknown. A novel protein inhibitor of phosphatase 3B, RCAN1, is known to positively regulate inflammatory signaling through modulation of several intracellular targets of interleukins in immune cells. In the present study, we report that LRRK2 phosphorylates RCAN1 (RCAN1-1S) and is markedly up-regulated during interleukin-1β (IL-1β) treatment. During IL-1β treatment, LRRK2-mediated phosphorylation of RCAN1 promoted the formation of protein complexes, including that between Tollip and RCAN1. LRRK2 decreased binding between Tollip and IRAK1, which was accompanied by increased formation of the IRAK1-TRAF6 complex. TAK1 activity was significantly enhanced by LRRK2. Furthermore, LRRK2 enhanced transcriptional activity of NF-κB and cytokine IL-8 production. These findings suggest that LRRK2 might be important in positively modulating IL-1β-mediated signaling through selective phosphorylation of RCAN1.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kyung A Han
- Department of Systems Biology, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei UniversitySeoul, South Korea
| | - Lang Yoo
- Department of Systems Biology, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei UniversitySeoul, South Korea
| | - Jee Y Sung
- Center for Pediatric Oncology, National Cancer CenterGoyang-si, South Korea
| | - Sun A Chung
- Department of Food and Nutrition, College of Human Ecology, Yonsei UniversitySeoul, South Korea
| | - Ji W Um
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology (DGIST)Daegu, South Korea
| | - Hyeyoung Kim
- Department of Food and Nutrition, College of Human Ecology, Yonsei UniversitySeoul, South Korea
| | - Wongi Seol
- InAm Neuroscience Research Center, Sanbon Medical Center, College of Medicine, Wonkwang UniversityGunpo-si, South Korea
| | - Kwang C Chung
- Department of Systems Biology, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei UniversitySeoul, South Korea
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Gambardella S, Ferese R, Biagioni F, Busceti CL, Campopiano R, Griguoli AMP, Limanaqi F, Novelli G, Storto M, Fornai F. The Monoamine Brainstem Reticular Formation as a Paradigm for Re-Defining Various Phenotypes of Parkinson's Disease Owing Genetic and Anatomical Specificity. Front Cell Neurosci 2017; 11:102. [PMID: 28458632 PMCID: PMC5394114 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2017.00102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2016] [Accepted: 03/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The functional anatomy of the reticular formation (RF) encompasses a constellation of brain regions which are reciprocally connected to sub-serve a variety of functions. Recent evidence indicates that neuronal degeneration within one of these regions spreads synaptically along brainstem circuitries. This is exemplified by the recruitment of various brainstem reticular nuclei in specific Parkinson’s disease (PD) phenotypes, and by retrospective analysis of lethargic post-encephalitic parkinsonism. In fact, the spreading to various monoamine reticular nuclei can be associated with occurrence of specific motor and non-motor symptoms (NMS). This led to re-consider PD as a brainstem monoamine disorder (BMD). This definition surpasses the anatomy of meso-striatal motor control to include a variety of non-motor domains. This concept clearly emerges from the quite specific clinical-anatomical correlation which can be drawn in specific paradigms of PD genotypes. Therefore, this review article focuses on the genetics and neuroanatomy of three PD genotypes/phenotypes which can be selected as prototype paradigms for a differential recruitment of the RF leading to differential occurrence of NMS: (i) Parkin-PD, where NMS are rarely reported; (ii) LRRK2-PD and slight SNC point mutations, where the prevalence of NMS resembles idiopathic PD; (iii) Severe SNCA point mutations and multiplications, where NMS are highly represented.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Fiona Limanaqi
- Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of PisaPisa, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Novelli
- IRCCS NeuromedPozzilli, Italy.,Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, School of Medicine, University of Rome Tor VergataRome, Italy
| | | | - Francesco Fornai
- IRCCS NeuromedPozzilli, Italy.,Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of PisaPisa, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Fukae J, Fujioka S, Yanamoto S, Mori A, Nomi T, Hatano T, Fukuhara K, Ouma S, Hattori N, Tsuboi Y. Serum uric acid level is linked to the disease progression rate in male patients with multiple system atrophy. Clin Neurol Neurosurg 2017; 158:15-19. [PMID: 28432997 DOI: 10.1016/j.clineuro.2017.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2016] [Revised: 03/26/2017] [Accepted: 04/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Multiple system atrophy (MSA) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder that may be caused in part by oxidative stress. Uric acid (UA) protects neurons in neurodegenerative disorders via antioxidative effects. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between the serum UA concentration and disease progression in MSA patients. PATIENTS AND METHODS A total of 53 Japanese MSA patients were enrolled in this study. The disease progression rate was estimated by the rate of global disability scale change per year. The relationship between the serum UA concentration and disease progression was assessed by Spearman's correlation analysis. Disease progression depending on the UA concentration was also estimated by multivariate logistic regression analysis. RESULTS MSA patients with the highest serum UA concentration had lower disease progression rates than those with the lowest concentration. Spearman's correlation analysis showed an inverse correlation between the serum UA concentration and disease progression in male patients. Multivariate logistic regression analysis confirmed that the UA concentration was independently related to disease progression only in male patients. CONCLUSION These results suggest that serum UA may be associated with disease progression in male patients with MSA.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiro Fukae
- Department of Neurology, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Neurology, Fukuoka University School of Medicine, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Shinsuke Fujioka
- Department of Neurology, Fukuoka University School of Medicine, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Shosaburo Yanamoto
- Department of Neurology, Fukuoka University School of Medicine, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Akio Mori
- Department of Neurology, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takahiro Nomi
- Department of Neurology, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Taku Hatano
- Department of Neurology, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kousuke Fukuhara
- Department of Neurology, Fukuoka University School of Medicine, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Shinji Ouma
- Department of Neurology, Fukuoka University School of Medicine, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Nobutaka Hattori
- Department of Neurology, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoshio Tsuboi
- Department of Neurology, Fukuoka University School of Medicine, Fukuoka, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Tang Y, Meng L, Wan CM, Liu ZH, Liao WH, Yan XX, Wang XY, Tang BS, Guo JF. Identifying the presence of Parkinson's disease using low-frequency fluctuations in BOLD signals. Neurosci Lett 2017; 645:1-6. [PMID: 28249785 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2017.02.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2016] [Revised: 02/14/2017] [Accepted: 02/21/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a chronic, progressive, and degenerative neurological disorder that is characterized by the degeneration of dopamine neurons in the substantia nigra and the formation of intracellular Lewy inclusion bodies. Resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (RS-fMRI) has demonstrated evidence of changes in metabolic patterns in individuals with PD. The purpose of this study was to determine whether the presence of PD could be "predicted" based on resting fluctuations in the blood oxygenation level dependent signal. We utilized RS-fMRI to measure the amplitude of low-frequency fluctuation (ALFF) and the fractional ALFF (fALFF) in 51 patients with PD and 50 age- and sex-matched healthy controls. Compared with the healthy controls, the individuals with PD exhibited altered ALFFs in the bilateral lingual gyrus and left putamen and an altered fALFF in the right cerebellum posterior lobe. Support vector machines (SVMs), which comprise a supervised pattern recognition method that enables predictions at the individual level, were trained to separate individuals with PD from healthy controls based on the ALFF and fALFF. Using the leave-one-out cross-validation method to analyze our sample, we reliably distinguished the participants with PD from the controls with 92% sensitivity and 87% specificity. Overall, these findings suggest that the SVM-neuroimaging approach may be of particular clinical value because it enables the accurate identification of PD at the individual level. RS-fMRI should be considered for development as a biomarker and an analytical tool for the evaluation of PD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yan Tang
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008 Hunan, People's Republic of China; School of Information Science and Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410083, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Meng
- Department of Radiology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008 Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Chang-Min Wan
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008 Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhen-Hua Liu
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008 Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei-Hua Liao
- Department of Radiology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008 Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin-Xiang Yan
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008 Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Yu Wang
- Department of Radiology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008 Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Bei-Sha Tang
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008 Hunan, People's Republic of China; State Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Changsha 410008 Hunan, People's Republic of China; Parkinson's Disease Center of Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing 100069, People's Republic of China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Shanghai 200032, People's Republic of China
| | - Ji-Feng Guo
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008 Hunan, People's Republic of China; State Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Changsha 410008 Hunan, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Wang R, Chen Z, Fu Y, Wei X, Liao J, Liu X, He B, Xu Y, Zou J, Yang X, Weng R, Tan S, McElroy C, Jin K, Wang Q. Plasma Cystatin C and High-Density Lipoprotein Are Important Biomarkers of Alzheimer's Disease and Vascular Dementia: A Cross-Sectional Study. Front Aging Neurosci 2017; 9:26. [PMID: 28223934 PMCID: PMC5294921 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2017.00026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2016] [Accepted: 01/27/2017] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives: Cystatin C (Cys C) and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) play critical roles in neurodegenerative diseases, such as dementia, Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and vascular dementia (VaD). However, whether they can be used as reliable biomarkers to distinguish patients with dementia from healthy subjects and to determine disease severity remain largely unknown. Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study to determine plasma Cys C and HDL levels of 88 patients with dementia (43 AD patients, 45 VaD patients) and 45 healthy age-matched controls. The severity of dementia was determined based on the Schwab and England Activities of Daily Living (ADL) Scale, the Mini-mental State Examination (MMSE), the Global Deterioration Scale (GDS), the Lawton Instrumental ADL (IADL) Scale, and the Hachinski Ischemia Scale (Hachinski). Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were calculated to determine the diagnostic accuracy of Cys C and HDL levels in distinguishing patients with dementia from healthy subjects. Results: We found that plasma Cys C levels were higher, but HDL levels were lower in AD and VaD patients respectively, compared to healthy control subjects. Yet, Cys C levels were highest among patients with VaD. Interestingly, plasma Cys C levels were significantly correlated with IADL Scale scores. In addition, the ROC curves for Cys C (area under the curve, AUC 0.816 for AD, AUC 0.841 for VaD) and HDL (AUC 0.800 for AD, AUC 0.731 for VaD) exhibited potential diagnostic value in distinguishing AD/VaD patients from healthy subjects. While the ROC curve for the combination of Cys C and HDL (AUC 0.873 for AD, AUC 0.897 for VaD) showed higher diagnostic accuracy in distinguishing AD/VaD patients from healthy subjects than the separate curves for each parameter. Conclusions: Our findings suggest that the inflammatory mediators Cys C and HDL may play important roles in the pathogenesis of dementia, and plasma Cys C and HDL levels may be useful screening tools for differentiating AD/VaD patients from healthy subjects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rui Wang
- Departments of Neurology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhaoyu Chen
- Departments of Neurology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University Guangzhou, China
| | - Yongmei Fu
- Departments of Emergency, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaobo Wei
- Departments of Neurology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University Guangzhou, China
| | - Jinchi Liao
- Departments of Neurology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University Guangzhou, China
| | - Xu Liu
- Departments of Neurology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University Guangzhou, China
| | - Bingjun He
- Departments of Radiology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University Guangzhou, China
| | - Yunqi Xu
- Department of Neurology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University Guangzhou, China
| | - Jing Zou
- Departments of Neurology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoyan Yang
- Departments of Emergency, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University Guangzhou, China
| | - Ruihui Weng
- Departments of Neurology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University Guangzhou, China
| | - Sheng Tan
- Departments of Neurology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University Guangzhou, China
| | - Christopher McElroy
- Department of Pharmacology and Neuroscience, University of North Texas Health Science Center Fort Worth, TX, USA
| | - Kunlin Jin
- Department of Pharmacology and Neuroscience, University of North Texas Health Science Center Fort Worth, TX, USA
| | - Qing Wang
- Departments of Neurology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen UniversityGuangzhou, China; Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Brain Function and DiseaseGuangzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Zhao Z, Ma Y, Chen Z, Liu Q, Li Q, Kong D, Yuan K, Hu L, Wang T, Chen X, Peng Y, Jiang W, Yu Y, Liu X. Effects of Feeder Cells on Dopaminergic Differentiation of Human Embryonic Stem Cells. Front Cell Neurosci 2016; 10:291. [PMID: 28066186 PMCID: PMC5168467 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2016.00291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2016] [Accepted: 12/05/2016] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs) and human foreskin fibroblasts (HFFs) are used for the culture of human embryonic stem cells (hESCs). MEFs and HFFs differed in their capacity to support the proliferation and pluripotency of hESCs and could affect cardiac differentiation potential of hESCs. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of MEFs and HFFs feeders on dopaminergic differentiation of hESCs lines. To minimize the impact of culture condition variation, two hESCs lines were cultured on mixed feeder cells (MFCs, MEFs: HFFs = 1:1) and HFFs feeder, respectively, and then were differentiated into dopaminergic (DA) neurons under the identical protocol. Dopaminergic differentiation was evaluated by immunocytochemistry, quantitative fluorescent real-time PCR, transmission and scanning electron microscopy, and patch clamp. Our results demonstrated that these hESCs-derived neurons were genuine and functional DA neurons. However, compared to hESCs line on MFCs feeder, hESCs line on HFFs feeder had a higher proportion of tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) positive cells and expressed higher levels of FOXA2, PITX3, NURR1, and TH genes. In addition, the values of threshold intensity and threshold membrane potential of DA neurons from hESCs line on HFFs feeder were lower than those of DA neurons from hESCs line on the MFCs feeder. In conclusion, HFFs feeder not only facilitated the differentiation of hESCs cells into dopaminergic neurons, but also induced hESCs-derived DA neurons to express higher electrophysiological excitability. Therefore, feeder cells could affect not only dopaminergic differentiation potential of different hESCs lines, but also electrophysiological properties of hESCs-derived DA neurons.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhenqiang Zhao
- Department of Neurology, Jinling Hospital, Southern Medical UniversityNanjing, China; Department of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital, Hainan Medical UniversityHaikou, China
| | - Yanlin Ma
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical UniversityGuangzhou, China; Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory for Human Reproductive Medicine and Genetic Research, Hainan Reproductive Medical Center, First Affiliated Hospital, Hainan Medical UniversityHaikou, China
| | - Zhibin Chen
- Department of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital, Hainan Medical University Haikou, China
| | - Qian Liu
- Department of Neurology, Jinling Hospital, Southern Medical University Nanjing, China
| | - Qi Li
- Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory for Human Reproductive Medicine and Genetic Research, Hainan Reproductive Medical Center, First Affiliated Hospital, Hainan Medical University Haikou, China
| | - Deyan Kong
- Department of Neurology, Jinling Hospital, Southern Medical UniversityNanjing, China; Department of Neurology, Affiliated Ruikang Hospital, Guangxi Traditional Chinese Medical UniversityNanning, China
| | - Kunxiong Yuan
- Department of Neurology, Jinling Hospital, Southern Medical UniversityNanjing, China; Department of Neurology, Central HospitalShenzhen, China
| | - Lan Hu
- Department of Laboratory Medicines, First Affiliated Hospital, Hainan Medical University Haikou, China
| | - Tan Wang
- Department of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital, Hainan Medical University Haikou, China
| | - Xiaowu Chen
- Department of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital, Hainan Medical University Haikou, China
| | - Yanan Peng
- Department of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital, Hainan Medical University Haikou, China
| | - Weimin Jiang
- Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory for Human Reproductive Medicine and Genetic Research, Hainan Reproductive Medical Center, First Affiliated Hospital, Hainan Medical University Haikou, China
| | - Yanhong Yu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University Guangzhou, China
| | - Xinfeng Liu
- Department of Neurology, Jinling Hospital, Southern Medical University Nanjing, China
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Cai Q, Li Y, Mao J, Pei G. Neurogenesis-Promoting Natural Product α-Asarone Modulates Morphological Dynamics of Activated Microglia. Front Cell Neurosci 2016; 10:280. [PMID: 28018174 PMCID: PMC5145874 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2016.00280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2016] [Accepted: 11/21/2016] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
α-Asarone is an active constituent of Acori Tatarinowii, one of the widely used traditional Chinese Medicine to treat cognitive defect, and recently is shown to promote neurogenesis. Here, we demonstrated that low level (3 μM) of α-asarone attenuated LPS-induced BV2 cell bipolar elongated morphological change, with no significant effect on the LPS-induced pro-inflammatory cytokine expressions. In addition, time-lapse analysis also revealed that α-asarone modulated LPS-induced BV2 morphological dynamics. Consistently a significant reduction in the LPS-induced Monocyte Chemoattractant Protein (MCP-1) mRNA and protein levels was also detected along with the morphological change. Mechanistic study showed that the attenuation effect to the LPS-resulted morphological modulation was also detected in the presence of MCP-1 antibodies or a CCR2 antagonist. This result has also been confirmed in primary cultured microglia. The in vivo investigation provided further evidence that α-asarone reduced the proportion of activated microglia, and reduced microglial tip number and maintained the velocity. Our study thus reveals α-asarone effectively modulates microglial morphological dynamics, and implies this effect of α-asarone may functionally relate to its influence on neurogenesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qing Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of SciencesShanghai, China; Graduate School, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of SciencesShanghai, China
| | - Yuanyuan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of SciencesShanghai, China; Graduate School, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of SciencesShanghai, China
| | - Jianxin Mao
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of SciencesShanghai, China; Graduate School, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of SciencesShanghai, China
| | - Gang Pei
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of SciencesShanghai, China; School of Life Science and Technology, and the Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Tongji UniversityShanghai, China
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Yamamoto Y. Plasma marker of tissue oxidative damage and edaravone as a scavenger drug against peroxyl radicals and peroxynitrite. J Clin Biochem Nutr 2016; 60:49-54. [PMID: 28163382 PMCID: PMC5281530 DOI: 10.3164/jcbn.16-63] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2016] [Accepted: 08/09/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The percentage of the plasma oxidized form of coenzyme Q10 in the total amount of coenzyme Q10 (%CoQ10) is a useful marker of oxidative stress in the circulation. Plasma free fatty acids and their composition can be used as markers of tissue oxidative damage, as demonstrated in patients suffering from a wide variety of diseases and in humans and rats under oxidative stress. Edaravone was approved for the treatment of stroke in Japan in 2001 and its mechanism of action is based on scavenging lipid peroxyl radicals. In 2015, edaravone was also approved for the treatment of ALS patients. Edaravone functions therapeutically as a scavenger of peroxynitrite, as demonstrated by the finding that its administration raises plasma uric acid levels and decreases 3-nitrotyrosine in cerebrospinal fluid.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yorihiro Yamamoto
- School of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Tokyo University of Technology, 1404-1 Katakura, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0982 Japan
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Wang S, Zhou Y, Yang B, Li L, Yu S, Chen Y, Zhu J, Zhao Y. C1q/Tumor Necrosis Factor-Related Protein-3 Attenuates Brain Injury after Intracerebral Hemorrhage via AMPK-Dependent Pathway in Rat. Front Cell Neurosci 2016; 10:237. [PMID: 27807406 PMCID: PMC5069420 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2016.00237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2016] [Accepted: 09/29/2016] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
C1q/tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-related protein-3 (CTRP3) is a recently discovered adiponectin paralog with established metabolic regulatory properties. However, the role of CTRP3 in intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is still mostly unresolved. The aim of the present report was to explore the possible neuroprotective effect of CTRP3 in an ICH rat model and to elucidate the fundamental mechanisms. ICH was induced in rats by intracerebral infusion of autologous arterial blood. The effects of exogenous CTRP3 (recombinant or lentivirus CTRP3) on brain injury were explored on day 7. Treatment with CTRP3 reduced brain edema, protected against disruption of the blood-brain barrier (BBB), improved neurological functions and promoted angiogenesis. Furthermore, CTRP3 greatly intensified phosphorylation of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) in addition to expression of hypoxia inducing factor-1α (HIF-1α) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). Finally, the protective effects of CTRP3 could be blocked by either AMPK or VEGF inhibitors. Our findings give the first evidence that CTRP3 is a new proangiogenic and neuroprotective adipokine, which may exert its protective effects at least partly through an AMPK/HIF-1α/ VEGF-dependent pathway, and suggest that CTRP3 may provide a new therapeutic strategy for ICH.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shaohua Wang
- Department of Pathology, Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqing, China; Key Laboratory of Neurobiology, Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqing, China
| | - Yang Zhou
- Department of Pathology, Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqing, China; Key Laboratory of Neurobiology, Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqing, China
| | - Bo Yang
- Department of Pathology, Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqing, China; Key Laboratory of Neurobiology, Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqing, China
| | - Lingyu Li
- Department of Pathology, Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqing, China; Key Laboratory of Neurobiology, Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqing, China
| | - Shanshan Yu
- Department of Pathology, Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqing, China; Key Laboratory of Neurobiology, Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqing, China
| | - Yanlin Chen
- Department of Pathology, Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqing, China; Key Laboratory of Neurobiology, Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqing, China
| | - Jin Zhu
- Department of Pathology, Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqing, China; Key Laboratory of Neurobiology, Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqing, China
| | - Yong Zhao
- Department of Pathology, Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqing, China; Key Laboratory of Neurobiology, Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqing, China
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Nilashi M, Ibrahim O, Ahani A. Accuracy Improvement for Predicting Parkinson's Disease Progression. Sci Rep 2016; 6:34181. [PMID: 27686748 PMCID: PMC5043229 DOI: 10.1038/srep34181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2016] [Accepted: 09/06/2016] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a member of a larger group of neuromotor diseases marked by the progressive death of dopamineproducing cells in the brain. Providing computational tools for Parkinson disease using a set of data that contains medical information is very desirable for alleviating the symptoms that can help the amount of people who want to discover the risk of disease at an early stage. This paper proposes a new hybrid intelligent system for the prediction of PD progression using noise removal, clustering and prediction methods. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and Expectation Maximization (EM) are respectively employed to address the multi-collinearity problems in the experimental datasets and clustering the data. We then apply Adaptive Neuro-Fuzzy Inference System (ANFIS) and Support Vector Regression (SVR) for prediction of PD progression. Experimental results on public Parkinson's datasets show that the proposed method remarkably improves the accuracy of prediction of PD progression. The hybrid intelligent system can assist medical practitioners in the healthcare practice for early detection of Parkinson disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mehrbakhsh Nilashi
- Department of Computer Science and Information Systems, Faculty of Computing, Johor, 81310 Skudai, Malaysia
- Department of Computer, Lahijan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Lahijan, Iran
| | - Othman Ibrahim
- Department of Computer Science and Information Systems, Faculty of Computing, Johor, 81310 Skudai, Malaysia
| | - Ali Ahani
- Department of Computer Science and Information Systems, Faculty of Computing, Johor, 81310 Skudai, Malaysia
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Combined Diffusion Tensor Imaging and Arterial Spin Labeling as Markers of Early Parkinson's disease. Sci Rep 2016; 6:33762. [PMID: 27646647 PMCID: PMC5028727 DOI: 10.1038/srep33762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2016] [Accepted: 09/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to identify a PD-specific MRI pattern using combined diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) and arterial spin labeling (ASL) to discriminate patients with early PD from healthy subjects and evaluate disease status. Twenty-one early and 22 mid-late PD patients, and 22 healthy, age/gender-matched controls underwent 3-T MRI with apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC), fractional anisotropy (FA), fiber number (FN) and cerebral blood flow (CBF) measurements. We found that compared with healthy subjects, there was a profound reduction in FN passing through the SN in PD. FA in the SN and CBF in the caudate nucleus were inversely correlated with motor dysfunction. A negative correlation was observed between FA in the hippocampus (Hip) and the NMSS-Mood score, whereas CBF in the Hip and the prefrontal cortex(PFC) correlated with declined cognition. Stratified five-fold cross-validation identified FA in the SN(FA-SNAv), CBF in the PFC(CBF-PFCAv) and FA in the parietal white matter(FA-PWMAv), and the combination of these measurements offered relatively high accuracy (AUC 0.975, 90% sensitivity and 100% specificity) in distinguishing those with early PD from healthy subjects. We demonstrate that the decreased FNs through SN in combination with changes in FA-SNAv, CBF-PFCAv and FA-PWMAv values might serve as potential markers of early-stage PD.
Collapse
|
30
|
Setién-Suero E, Suárez-Pinilla M, Suárez-Pinilla P, Crespo-Facorro B, Ayesa-Arriola R. Homocysteine and cognition: A systematic review of 111 studies. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2016; 69:280-98. [PMID: 27531233 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2016.08.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2015] [Revised: 06/14/2016] [Accepted: 08/10/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Elevated plasma homocysteine (Hcy) levels have been associated with cognitive dysfunction in a wide range of conditions. The aim of this review is to establish which cognitive domains and populations are the most affected. METHODS We systematically review the literature and consider all articles that showed any relationship between plasma Hcy levels and scores achieved on cognitive performance tests in both, the general population and patients suffering from central nervous system disorders and other diseases. When effect sizes were available and combinable, several meta-analyses were performed. RESULTS We found 111 pertinent articles. There were 24 cohort studies, 18 randomized trials, 21 case-control studies, and 48 cross-sectional studies. This review reveals a positive trend between cognitive decline and increased plasma Hcy concentrations in general population and in patients with cognitive impairments. Results from the meta-analyses also confirm this trend. Treatment with vitamin supplementation fails to show a reduction in cognitive decline. DISCUSSION Further investigations are warranted to clarify this relationship. Earlier detection of the elevated Hcy levels may be an effective intervention to prevent cognitive impairment and dementia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Esther Setién-Suero
- University Hospital Marqués de Valdecilla, Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, University of Cantabria, Santander, Spain; CIBERSAM, Biomedical Research Network on Mental Health Area, Madrid, Spain; IDIVAL, Valdecilla Biomedical Research Institute, Santander, Spain.
| | - Marta Suárez-Pinilla
- Sackler Centre for Consciousness Science, Department of Informatics, University of Sussex, United Kingdom
| | - Paula Suárez-Pinilla
- University Hospital Marqués de Valdecilla, Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, University of Cantabria, Santander, Spain; CIBERSAM, Biomedical Research Network on Mental Health Area, Madrid, Spain; IDIVAL, Valdecilla Biomedical Research Institute, Santander, Spain
| | - Benedicto Crespo-Facorro
- University Hospital Marqués de Valdecilla, Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, University of Cantabria, Santander, Spain; CIBERSAM, Biomedical Research Network on Mental Health Area, Madrid, Spain; IDIVAL, Valdecilla Biomedical Research Institute, Santander, Spain
| | - Rosa Ayesa-Arriola
- University Hospital Marqués de Valdecilla, Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, University of Cantabria, Santander, Spain; CIBERSAM, Biomedical Research Network on Mental Health Area, Madrid, Spain; IDIVAL, Valdecilla Biomedical Research Institute, Santander, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Liu C, Du Q, Zhang X, Tang Z, Ji H, Li Y. Clematichinenoside Serves as a Neuroprotective Agent Against Ischemic Stroke: The Synergistic Action of ERK1/2 and cPKC Pathways. Front Cell Neurosci 2016; 9:517. [PMID: 26793066 PMCID: PMC4709476 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2015.00517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2015] [Accepted: 12/23/2015] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
There are numerous evidences suggesting that inhibition of apoptosis of neurons play a critical role in preventing the damage and even death of neurons after brain ischemia/reperfusion, which shows therapeutic potential for clinical treatment of brain injury induced by stroke. In this study, we aimed to investigate the neuroprotective effect of Clematichinenoside (AR) and its underlying mechanisms. MCAO mode was performed in rats and OGD/R model in primary cortical neurons to investigate the neuroprotective effect of AR. The rate of apoptotic cells was measured using TUNEL assay in cerebral cortex and flow cytometric assay in cortical neurons. Apoptosis-related proteins such as bcl-2, bcl-xl, and bax and the phosphorylation of ERK1/2, cPKC, p90RSK, and CREB in ischemic penumbra were assayed by western blot. Furthermore, we made a thorough inquiry about how these proteins play roles in the anti-apoptotic mechanism using targets-associated inhibitors step by step. The results revealed that AR could activate both ERK1/2 and cPKC which resulted in p90RSK phosphorylation and translocation into the nucleus. Moreover, CREB, a downstream target of p90RSK, was phosphorylated and then bound to cAMP-regulated enhancer (CRE) to activate apoptosis-related genes, and finally ameliorate ischemic stroke through preventing neuron death. In conclusion, these data strongly suggest that AR could be used as an effective neuroprotective agent to protect against ischemic stroke after cerebral I/R injury through regulating both ERK1/2 and cPKC mediated p90RSK/CREB apoptotic pathways.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chao Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Physiology, China Pharmaceutical University Nanjing, China
| | - Qianming Du
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Pharmacology, China Pharmaceutical University Nanjing, China
| | - Xu Zhang
- Department of Combine Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, College of Clinical Medicine, Chengdu University of TCM Chengdu, China
| | - Zhichao Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Pharmacochemistry, China Pharmaceutical University Nanjing, China
| | - Hui Ji
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Pharmacology, China Pharmaceutical University Nanjing, China
| | - Yunman Li
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Physiology, China Pharmaceutical University Nanjing, China
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Vieira BDM, Radford RA, Chung RS, Guillemin GJ, Pountney DL. Neuroinflammation in Multiple System Atrophy: Response to and Cause of α-Synuclein Aggregation. Front Cell Neurosci 2015; 9:437. [PMID: 26778958 PMCID: PMC4700780 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2015.00437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2015] [Accepted: 10/19/2015] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Multiple system atrophy (MSA) is a progressive neurodegenerative disease presenting with combinations of autonomic dysfunction, parkinsonism, cerebellar ataxia and/or pyramidal signs. Oligodendroglial cytoplasmic inclusions (GCIs) rich in α-synuclein (α-syn) constitute the disease hallmark, accompanied by neuronal loss and activation of glial cells which indicate neuroinflammation. Recent studies demonstrate that α-syn may be released from degenerating neurons to mediate formation of abnormal inclusion bodies and to induce neuroinflammation which, interestingly, might also favor the formation of intracellular α-syn aggregates as a consequence of cytokine release and the shift to a pro-inflammatory environment. Here, we critically review the relationships between α-syn and astrocytic and microglial activation in MSA to explore the potential of therapeutics which target neuroinflammation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Rowan A Radford
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Macquarie University Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Roger S Chung
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Macquarie University Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Gilles J Guillemin
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Macquarie University Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Dean L Pountney
- Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University Gold Coast, QLD, Australia
| |
Collapse
|