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Pant K, Sharma A, Menon SV, Ali H, Hassan Almalki W, Kaur M, Deorari M, Kazmi I, Mahajan S, Kalra H, Alzarea SI. Exploring ncRNAs in epilepsy: From oxidative stress regulation to therapy. Brain Res 2024; 1841:149089. [PMID: 38880410 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2024.149089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2024] [Revised: 06/10/2024] [Accepted: 06/13/2024] [Indexed: 06/18/2024]
Abstract
Epilepsy is a prevalent neurological illness which is linked with high worldwide burdens. Oxidative stress (OS) is recognized to be among the contributors that trigger the advancement of epilepsy, affecting neuronal excitability and synaptic transmission. Various types of non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) are known to serve vital functions in many disease mechanisms, including epilepsy. The current review sought to understand better the mechanisms through which these ncRNAs regulate epilepsy's OS-related pathways. We investigated the functions of microRNAs in controlling gene expression at the post-translatory stage and their involvement in OS and neuroinflammation. We also looked at the different regulatory roles of long ncRNAs, including molecular scaffolding, enhancer, and transcriptional activator, during OS. Circular RNAs and their capability to act as miRNA decoys and their consequential impact on epilepsy development were also explored. Our review aimed to improve the current understanding of novel therapies for epilepsy based on the role of ncRNAs in OS pathways. We also demonstrated the roles of ncRNAs in epilepsy treatment and diagnosis, explaining that these molecules play vital roles that could be used in therapy as biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kumud Pant
- Graphic Era (Deemed to be University), Clement Town Dehradun, 248002, India; Graphic Era Hill University Clement Town Dehradun, 248002, India
| | - Aanchal Sharma
- Chandigarh Pharmacy College, Chandigarh Group of Colleges, Jhanjheri, Mohali 140307, Punjab, India
| | - Soumya V Menon
- Department of Biotechnology and Genetics, Jain (Deemed-to-be) University, Bengaluru, Karnataka 560069, India; Department of Allied Healthcare and Sciences, Vivekananda Global University, Jaipur, Rajasthan 303012, India
| | - Haider Ali
- Centre for Global Health Research, Saveetha Medical College, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, India; Department of Pharmacology, Kyrgyz State Medical College, Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan.
| | - Waleed Hassan Almalki
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mandeep Kaur
- Department of Sciences, Vivekananda Global University, Jaipur, Rajasthan 303012, India
| | - Mahamedha Deorari
- School of Basic & Applied Sciences, Shobhit University, Gangoh, Uttar Pradesh-247341, India; Department of Health & Allied Sciences, Arka Jain University, Jamshedpur, Jharkhand- 831001, India
| | - Imran Kazmi
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, 21589, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shriya Mahajan
- Centre of Research Impact and Outcome, Chitkara University, Rajpura 140417, Punjab, India
| | - Hitesh Kalra
- Chitkara Centre for Research and Development, Chitkara University, Himachal Pradesh 174103, India
| | - Sami I Alzarea
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Jouf University, 72341, Sakaka, Aljouf, Saudi Arabia
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2
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Jeelani M. miRNAs in epilepsy: A review from molecular signatures to therapeutic intervention. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 263:130468. [PMID: 38417757 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.130468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2023] [Revised: 02/17/2024] [Accepted: 02/24/2024] [Indexed: 03/01/2024]
Abstract
Epilepsy is a medical disorder marked by sporadic seizures accompanied by alterations in consciousness. The molecular mechanisms responsible for epilepsy and the factors contributing to alterations in neuronal structure compromised apoptotic responses in neurons, and disturbances in regeneration pathways in glial cells remain unidentified. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are short noncoding RNA that consist of a single strand. They typically contain 21 to 23 nucleotides. miRNAs participate in the process of RNA silencing and the regulation of gene expression after transcription by selectively binding to mRNA molecules that possess complementary sequences. The disruption of miRNA regulation has been associated with the development of epilepsy, and manipulating a single miRNA can impact various cellular processes, hence serving as a potent intervention approach. Despite existing obstacles in the delivery and safety of miRNA-based treatments, researchers are actively investigating the potential of miRNAs to operate as regulators of brain activity and as targets for treating and preventing epilepsy. Hence, the utilization of miRNA-based therapeutic intervention shows potential for future epilepsy management. The objective of our present investigation was to ascertain the involvement of miRNAs in the causation and advancement of epilepsy. Moreover, they have undergone scrutiny for their potential utilization in therapeutic intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Jeelani
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, University of Bisha, Bisha 61922, Saudi Arabia.
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3
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Guarnieri L, Amodio N, Bosco F, Carpi S, Tallarico M, Gallelli L, Rania V, Citraro R, Leo A, De Sarro G. Circulating miRNAs as Novel Clinical Biomarkers in Temporal Lobe Epilepsy. Noncoding RNA 2024; 10:18. [PMID: 38525737 PMCID: PMC10961783 DOI: 10.3390/ncrna10020018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2024] [Revised: 03/14/2024] [Accepted: 03/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) represents the most common form of refractory focal epilepsy. The identification of innovative clinical biomarkers capable of categorizing patients with TLE, allowing for improved treatment and outcomes, still represents an unmet need. Circulating microRNAs (c-miRNAs) are short non-coding RNAs detectable in body fluids, which play crucial roles in the regulation of gene expression. Their characteristics, including extracellular stability, detectability through non-invasive methods, and responsiveness to pathological changes and/or therapeutic interventions, make them promising candidate biomarkers in various disease settings. Recent research has investigated c-miRNAs in various bodily fluids, including serum, plasma, and cerebrospinal fluid, of TLE patients. Despite some discrepancies in methodologies, cohort composition, and normalization strategies, a common dysregulated signature of c-miRNAs has emerged across different studies, providing the basis for using c-miRNAs as novel biomarkers for TLE patient management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorenza Guarnieri
- Section of Pharmacology, Science of Health Department, School of Medicine, University “Magna Graecia” of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (L.G.); (F.B.); (S.C.); (M.T.); (L.G.); (V.R.); (A.L.); (G.D.S.)
| | - Nicola Amodio
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University “Magna Graecia” of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Francesca Bosco
- Section of Pharmacology, Science of Health Department, School of Medicine, University “Magna Graecia” of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (L.G.); (F.B.); (S.C.); (M.T.); (L.G.); (V.R.); (A.L.); (G.D.S.)
| | - Sara Carpi
- Section of Pharmacology, Science of Health Department, School of Medicine, University “Magna Graecia” of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (L.G.); (F.B.); (S.C.); (M.T.); (L.G.); (V.R.); (A.L.); (G.D.S.)
| | - Martina Tallarico
- Section of Pharmacology, Science of Health Department, School of Medicine, University “Magna Graecia” of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (L.G.); (F.B.); (S.C.); (M.T.); (L.G.); (V.R.); (A.L.); (G.D.S.)
| | - Luca Gallelli
- Section of Pharmacology, Science of Health Department, School of Medicine, University “Magna Graecia” of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (L.G.); (F.B.); (S.C.); (M.T.); (L.G.); (V.R.); (A.L.); (G.D.S.)
- Research Center FAS@UMG, Department of Health Science, University “Magna Graecia” of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Rania
- Section of Pharmacology, Science of Health Department, School of Medicine, University “Magna Graecia” of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (L.G.); (F.B.); (S.C.); (M.T.); (L.G.); (V.R.); (A.L.); (G.D.S.)
| | - Rita Citraro
- Section of Pharmacology, Science of Health Department, School of Medicine, University “Magna Graecia” of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (L.G.); (F.B.); (S.C.); (M.T.); (L.G.); (V.R.); (A.L.); (G.D.S.)
- Research Center FAS@UMG, Department of Health Science, University “Magna Graecia” of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Antonio Leo
- Section of Pharmacology, Science of Health Department, School of Medicine, University “Magna Graecia” of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (L.G.); (F.B.); (S.C.); (M.T.); (L.G.); (V.R.); (A.L.); (G.D.S.)
- Research Center FAS@UMG, Department of Health Science, University “Magna Graecia” of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Giovambattista De Sarro
- Section of Pharmacology, Science of Health Department, School of Medicine, University “Magna Graecia” of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (L.G.); (F.B.); (S.C.); (M.T.); (L.G.); (V.R.); (A.L.); (G.D.S.)
- Research Center FAS@UMG, Department of Health Science, University “Magna Graecia” of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
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4
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Xie G, Chen H, He C, Hu S, Xiao X, Luo Q. The dysregulation of miRNAs in epilepsy and their regulatory role in inflammation and apoptosis. Funct Integr Genomics 2023; 23:287. [PMID: 37653173 PMCID: PMC10471759 DOI: 10.1007/s10142-023-01220-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2023] [Revised: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 08/26/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
Abstract
Epilepsy is a neurological disorder that impacts millions of people worldwide, and it is characterized by the occurrence of recurrent seizures. The pathogenesis of epilepsy is complex, involving dysregulation of various genes and signaling pathways. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a group of small non-coding RNAs that play a vital role in the regulation of gene expression. They have been found to be involved in the pathogenesis of epilepsy, acting as key regulators of neuronal excitability and synaptic plasticity. In recent years, there has been a growing interest in exploring the miRNA regulatory network in epilepsy. This review summarizes the current knowledge of the regulatory miRNAs involved in inflammation and apoptosis in epilepsy and discusses its potential as a new avenue for developing targeted therapies for the treatment of epilepsy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guoping Xie
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second Staff Hospital of Wuhan Iron and Steel (Group) Corporation, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Huan Chen
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Wuhan Institute of Technology Hospital, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Chan He
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Maternal and Child Health Hospital in Wuchang District, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Siheng Hu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Honggangcheng Street Community Health Service Center, Qingshan District, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Xue Xiao
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Gongrencun Street Community Health Service Center, Wuhan, China
| | - Qunying Luo
- Department of Neurology, Huarun Wuhan Iron and Steel General Hospital, Wuhan, Hubei, China.
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5
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Investigation of MicroRNA-134 as a Target against Seizures and SUDEP in a Mouse Model of Dravet Syndrome. eNeuro 2022; 9:ENEURO.0112-22.2022. [PMID: 36240080 PMCID: PMC9522462 DOI: 10.1523/eneuro.0112-22.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2022] [Revised: 07/31/2022] [Accepted: 08/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Dravet syndrome (DS) is a catastrophic form of pediatric epilepsy mainly caused by noninherited mutations in the SCN1A gene. DS patients suffer severe and life-threatening focal and generalized seizures which are often refractory to available anti-seizure medication. Antisense oligonucleotides (ASOs) based approaches may offer treatment opportunities in DS. MicroRNAs are short noncoding RNAs that play a key role in brain structure and function by post-transcriptionally regulating gene expression, including ion channels. Inhibiting miRNA-134 (miR-134) using an antimiR ASO (Ant-134) has been shown to reduce evoked seizures in juvenile and adult mice and reduce epilepsy development in models of focal epilepsy. The present study investigated the levels of miR-134 and whether Ant-134 could protect against hyperthermia-induced seizures, spontaneous seizures and mortality (SUDEP) in F1.Scn1a(+/-)tm1kea mice. At P17, animals were intracerebroventricular injected with 0.1-1 nmol of Ant-134 and subject to a hyperthermia challenge at postnatal day (P)18. A second cohort of P21 F1.Scn1a(+/-)tm1kea mice received Ant-134 and were followed by video and EEG monitoring until P28 to track the incidence of spontaneous seizures and SUDEP. Hippocampal and cortical levels of miR-134 were similar between wild-type (WT) and F1.Scn1a(+/-)tm1kea mice. Moreover, Ant-134 had no effect on hyperthermia-induced seizures, spontaneous seizures and SUDEP incidence were unchanged in Ant-134-treated DS mice. These findings suggest that targeting miR-134 does not have therapeutic applications in DS.
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6
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Campbell A, Morris G, Sanfeliu A, Augusto J, Langa E, Kesavan JC, Nguyen NT, Conroy RM, Worm J, Kielpinski L, Jensen MA, Miller MT, Kremer T, Reschke CR, Henshall DC. AntimiR targeting of microRNA-134 reduces seizures in a mouse model of Angelman syndrome. MOLECULAR THERAPY. NUCLEIC ACIDS 2022; 28:514-529. [PMID: 35592499 PMCID: PMC9092865 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtn.2022.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2021] [Accepted: 04/15/2022] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Angelman syndrome (AS) is a severe neurodevelopmental disorder featuring ataxia, cognitive impairment, and drug-resistant epilepsy. AS is caused by mutations or deletion of the maternal copy of the paternally imprinted UBE3A gene, with current precision therapy approaches focusing on re-expression of UBE3A. Certain phenotypes, however, are difficult to rescue beyond early development. Notably, a cluster of microRNA binding sites was reported in the untranslated Ube3a1 transcript, including for miR-134, suggesting that AS may be associated with microRNA dysregulation. Here, we report levels of miR-134 and key targets are normal in the hippocampus of mice carrying a maternal deletion of Ube3a (Ube3a m-/p+ ). Nevertheless, intracerebroventricular injection of an antimiR oligonucleotide inhibitor of miR-134 (Ant-134) reduced audiogenic seizure severity over multiple trials in 21- and 42-day-old AS mice. Interestingly, Ant-134 also improved distance traveled and center crossings of AS mice in the open-field test. Finally, we show that silencing miR-134 can upregulate targets of miR-134 in neurons differentiated from Angelman patient-derived induced pluripotent stem cells. These findings indicate that silencing miR-134 and possibly other microRNAs could be useful to treat clinically relevant phenotypes with a later developmental window in AS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aoife Campbell
- Department of Physiology and Medical Physics, RCSI University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dublin D02 YN77, Ireland.,FutureNeuro, The SFI Research Centre for Chronic and Rare Neurological Diseases, RCSI University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dublin D02 YN77, Ireland
| | - Gareth Morris
- Department of Physiology and Medical Physics, RCSI University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dublin D02 YN77, Ireland.,FutureNeuro, The SFI Research Centre for Chronic and Rare Neurological Diseases, RCSI University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dublin D02 YN77, Ireland
| | - Albert Sanfeliu
- Department of Physiology and Medical Physics, RCSI University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dublin D02 YN77, Ireland.,FutureNeuro, The SFI Research Centre for Chronic and Rare Neurological Diseases, RCSI University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dublin D02 YN77, Ireland
| | - Joana Augusto
- Department of Physiology and Medical Physics, RCSI University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dublin D02 YN77, Ireland.,FutureNeuro, The SFI Research Centre for Chronic and Rare Neurological Diseases, RCSI University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dublin D02 YN77, Ireland
| | - Elena Langa
- Department of Physiology and Medical Physics, RCSI University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dublin D02 YN77, Ireland.,FutureNeuro, The SFI Research Centre for Chronic and Rare Neurological Diseases, RCSI University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dublin D02 YN77, Ireland
| | - Jaideep C Kesavan
- Department of Physiology and Medical Physics, RCSI University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dublin D02 YN77, Ireland.,FutureNeuro, The SFI Research Centre for Chronic and Rare Neurological Diseases, RCSI University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dublin D02 YN77, Ireland
| | - Ngoc T Nguyen
- Department of Physiology and Medical Physics, RCSI University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dublin D02 YN77, Ireland.,FutureNeuro, The SFI Research Centre for Chronic and Rare Neurological Diseases, RCSI University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dublin D02 YN77, Ireland
| | - Ronan M Conroy
- Department of Public Health and Epidemiology, RCSI University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dublin D02 YN77, Ireland
| | - Jesper Worm
- Therapeutic Modalities, Roche Innovation Center Copenhagen A/S, F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd, DK-2970 Hørsholm, Denmark
| | - Lukasz Kielpinski
- Therapeutic Modalities, Roche Innovation Center Copenhagen A/S, F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd, DK-2970 Hørsholm, Denmark
| | - Mads Aaboe Jensen
- Therapeutic Modalities, Roche Innovation Center Copenhagen A/S, F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd, DK-2970 Hørsholm, Denmark
| | - Meghan T Miller
- Neuroscience and Rare Diseases Discovery and Translational Area, Roche Innovation Center Basel, F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd, CH-4070 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Thomas Kremer
- Neuroscience and Rare Diseases Discovery and Translational Area, Roche Innovation Center Basel, F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd, CH-4070 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Cristina R Reschke
- Department of Physiology and Medical Physics, RCSI University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dublin D02 YN77, Ireland.,FutureNeuro, The SFI Research Centre for Chronic and Rare Neurological Diseases, RCSI University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dublin D02 YN77, Ireland.,School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, RCSI University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dublin D02 YN77, Ireland
| | - David C Henshall
- Department of Physiology and Medical Physics, RCSI University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dublin D02 YN77, Ireland.,FutureNeuro, The SFI Research Centre for Chronic and Rare Neurological Diseases, RCSI University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dublin D02 YN77, Ireland
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7
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Du K, He M, Zhao D, Wang Y, Ma C, Liang H, Wang W, Min D, Xue L, Guo F. Mechanism of cell death pathways in status epilepticus and related therapeutic agents. Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 149:112875. [PMID: 35367755 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.112875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2022] [Revised: 03/15/2022] [Accepted: 03/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The most severe form of epilepsy, status epilepticus (SE), causes brain damage and results in the development of recurring seizures. Currently, the management of SE remains a clinical challenge because patients do not respond adequately to conventional treatments. Evidence suggests that neural cell death worsens the occurrence and progression of SE. The main forms of cell death are apoptosis, necroptosis, pyroptosis, and ferroptosis. Herein, these mechanisms of neuronal death in relation to SE and the alleviation of SE by potential modulators that target neuronal death have been reviewed. An understanding of these pathways and their possible roles in SE may assist in the development of SE therapies and in the discovery of new agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Du
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Science, China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, China
| | - Miao He
- Department of Pharmaceutical Toxicology, School of Pharmaceutical Science, China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, China
| | - Dongyi Zhao
- Department of Pharmaceutical Toxicology, School of Pharmaceutical Science, China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, China
| | - Yuting Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Toxicology, School of Pharmaceutical Science, China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, China
| | - Chao Ma
- Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design & Discovery of Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Hongyue Liang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Toxicology, School of Pharmaceutical Science, China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, China
| | - Wuyang Wang
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology, Xuzhou Medical University, 209Tongshan Rd, Xuzhou 221002, China
| | - Dongyu Min
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for TCM Viscera-State Theory and Applications, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenyang 110032, China.
| | - Lei Xue
- China Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Stomatology, China Medical University, Shenyang, China.
| | - Feng Guo
- Department of Pharmaceutical Toxicology, School of Pharmaceutical Science, China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, China.
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8
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Ghafouri-Fard S, Hussen BM, Abak A, Taheri M, Jalili Khoshnoud R. Aberrant expression of miRNAs in epilepsy. Mol Biol Rep 2022; 49:5057-5074. [PMID: 35088379 PMCID: PMC9262756 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-022-07188-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2021] [Accepted: 01/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Epilepsy is manifested by intermittent convulsions and alterations in consciousness. This disorder has serious effects on daily functions and physical and mental health of affected patients. A variety of temporary irregularities in the function of brain can results in epilepsy. The molecular mechanism of epilepsy and the underlying causes of abnormal apoptotic responses in neurons, dysregulation of regenerative mechanisms in glial cells and abnormal immune reactions in the context of epilepsy are not clear. microRNAs (miRNAs) as important regulators of cell apoptosis as well as regenerative and immune responses have been shown to affect pathologic events in epilepsy. In the current review, we aimed at defining the role of miRNAs in the pathophysiology of epilepsy. We have listed dysregulated miRNAs in animal models of epilepsy and human subjects. miR-25-3p, miR-494, miR-139-5p, miR-101a-3p, miR-344a, miR-129, miR-298 and miR-187 are among down-regulated miRNAs in epilepsy. Moreover, expressions of miR-132, miR-146a, miR-181a and miR-155 have been reported to be increased in epilepsy. A number of genetic variants within miRNAs can affect risk of epilepsy. We discuss the role of miRNAs in the development of epilepsy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soudeh Ghafouri-Fard
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Bashdar Mahmud Hussen
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Hawler Medical University, Erbil, Kurdistan Region, Iraq
- Center of Research and Strategic Studies, Lebanese French University, Erbil, Kurdistan Region, Iraq
| | - Atefe Abak
- Men's Health and Reproductive Health Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Taheri
- Institute of Human Genetics, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany.
- Skull Base Research Center, Loghman Hakim Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Reza Jalili Khoshnoud
- Functional Neurosurgery Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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9
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Hasanvand A, Hosseinzadeh A, Saeedavi M, Goudarzi M, Basir Z, Mehrzadi S. Neuroprotective effects of tannic acid against kainic acid-induced seizures in mice. Hum Exp Toxicol 2022; 41:9603271221093989. [PMID: 35544363 DOI: 10.1177/09603271221093989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Epileptic seizures are associated with the release of potentially neurotoxic amount of glutamate, which results in the over-production of free radicals and inflammatory factors, and induction of neuronal cell death. Current study evaluated the effect of tannic acid (TA) on Kainic acid (KA)-induced seizures in mice. METHODS Mice were divided into the six groups. Group I was administrated with normal saline (NS; 1 mL/kg, intraperitoneally (i.p.)), Group II was injected with KA (15 mg/kg, i.p.), Groups III was treated with diazepam (DZ; 20 mg/kg, i.p.) and KA (15 mg/kg, i.p.), Groups IV-VI were treated with TA (25, 50 and 100 mg/kg, i.p.) and KA (15 mg/kg, i.p.). Animals received all treatments 30 min before injection of KA. After the injection of KA, mice were observed for seizure (latency, activity and duration) and mortality for 2 h. In the brain tissue, oxidative stress, apoptosis, and inflammatory markers were evaluated in addition to the determination of histological alterations in the CA1 molecular layer of hippocampus. RESULTS Treatment with TA significantly increased seizure latency and decreased seizure duration and activity, but could not significantly decrease mice mortality. This effect was associated with the reduction of oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis. Furthermore, treatment with TA significantly improved KA-induced pyramidal cell loss and change in the arrangement of CA1 molecular layer. CONCLUSIONS Tannic acid may be useful in the control of epileptic seizures through regulating oxidative stress, inflammation and apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Hasanvand
- Student Research Committee, 48407Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Azam Hosseinzadeh
- Razi Drug Research Center, 440827Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Morteza Saeedavi
- Student Research Committee, 48407Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Mehdi Goudarzi
- Medicinal Plant Research Center, 394243Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Zahra Basir
- Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, 48513Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Saeed Mehrzadi
- Razi Drug Research Center, 440827Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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10
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Ebrahimi R, Golestani A. The emerging role of noncoding RNAs in neuroinflammation: Implications in pathogenesis and therapeutic approaches. J Cell Physiol 2021; 237:1206-1224. [PMID: 34724212 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.30624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2021] [Revised: 09/28/2021] [Accepted: 10/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) are important regulators of gene expression in different cell processes. Due to their ability in monitoring neural development genes, these transcripts confer neurons with the potential to exert broad control over the expression of genes for performing neurobiological functions. Although the change of ncRNA expression in different neurodegenerative diseases has been reviewed elsewhere, only recent evidence drove our attention to unravel the involvement of these molecules in neuroinflammation within these devastating disorders. Remarkably, the interactions between ncRNAs and inflammatory pathways are not fully recognized. Therefore, this review has focused on the interplay between diverse inflammatory pathways and the related ncRNAs, including microRNAs, long noncoding RNAs, and competing endogenous RNAs in Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's diseases, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, epilepsy, multiple sclerosis, Huntington's disease, and prion diseases. Providing novel insights in the field of combining biomarkers is a critical step for using them as diagnostic tools and therapeutic targets in clinical settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reyhane Ebrahimi
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Students' Scientific Research Center (SSRC), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Abolfazl Golestani
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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11
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Opportunities and challenges for microRNA-targeting therapeutics for epilepsy. Trends Pharmacol Sci 2021; 42:605-616. [PMID: 33992468 DOI: 10.1016/j.tips.2021.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2020] [Revised: 03/30/2021] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Epilepsy is a common and serious neurological disorder characterised by recurrent spontaneous seizures. Frontline pharmacotherapy includes small-molecule antiseizure drugs that typically target ion channels and neurotransmitter systems, but these fail in 30% of patients and do not prevent either the development or progression of epilepsy. An emerging therapeutic target is microRNA (miRNA), small noncoding RNAs that negatively regulate sets of proteins. Their multitargeting action offers unique advantages for certain forms of epilepsy with complex underlying pathophysiology, such as temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE). miRNA can be inhibited by designed antisense oligonucleotides (ASOs; e.g., antimiRs). Here, we outline the prospects for miRNA-based therapies. We review design considerations for nucleic acid-based approaches and the challenges and next steps in developing therapeutic miRNA-targeting molecules for epilepsy.
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12
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The Kainic Acid Models of Temporal Lobe Epilepsy. eNeuro 2021; 8:ENEURO.0337-20.2021. [PMID: 33658312 PMCID: PMC8174050 DOI: 10.1523/eneuro.0337-20.2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2020] [Revised: 01/14/2021] [Accepted: 01/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Experimental models of epilepsy are useful to identify potential mechanisms of epileptogenesis, seizure genesis, comorbidities, and treatment efficacy. The kainic acid (KA) model is one of the most commonly used. Several modes of administration of KA exist, each producing different effects in a strain-, species-, gender-, and age-dependent manner. In this review, we discuss the advantages and limitations of the various forms of KA administration (systemic, intrahippocampal, and intranasal), as well as the histologic, electrophysiological, and behavioral outcomes in different strains and species. We attempt a personal perspective and discuss areas where work is needed. The diversity of KA models and their outcomes offers researchers a rich palette of phenotypes, which may be relevant to specific traits found in patients with temporal lobe epilepsy.
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13
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Wang J, Zhao J. MicroRNA Dysregulation in Epilepsy: From Pathogenetic Involvement to Diagnostic Biomarker and Therapeutic Agent Development. Front Mol Neurosci 2021; 14:650372. [PMID: 33776649 PMCID: PMC7994516 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2021.650372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2021] [Accepted: 02/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Epilepsy is the result of a group of transient abnormalities in brain function caused by an abnormal, highly synchronized discharge of brain neurons. MicroRNA (miRNA) is a class of endogenous non-coding single-stranded RNA molecules that participate in a series of important biological processes. Recent studies demonstrated that miRNAs are involved in a variety of central nervous system diseases, including epilepsy. Although the exact mechanism underlying the role of miRNAs in epilepsy pathogenesis is still unclear, these miRNAs may be involved in the inflammatory response in the nervous system, neuronal necrosis and apoptosis, dendritic growth, synaptic remodeling, glial cell proliferation, epileptic circuit formation, impairment of neurotransmitter and receptor function, and other processes. Here, we discuss miRNA metabolism and the roles of miRNA in epilepsy pathogenesis and evaluate miRNA as a potential new biomarker for the diagnosis of epilepsy, which enhances our understanding of disease processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jialu Wang
- Department of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Jiuhan Zhao
- Department of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
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14
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Reschke CR, Silva LFA, Vangoor VR, Rosso M, David B, Cavanagh BL, Connolly NMC, Brennan GP, Sanz-Rodriguez A, Mooney C, Batool A, Greene C, Brennan M, Conroy RM, Rüber T, Prehn JHM, Campbell M, Pasterkamp RJ, Henshall DC. Systemic delivery of antagomirs during blood-brain barrier disruption is disease-modifying in experimental epilepsy. Mol Ther 2021; 29:2041-2052. [PMID: 33609732 PMCID: PMC8178478 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymthe.2021.02.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2020] [Revised: 12/18/2020] [Accepted: 02/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Oligonucleotide therapies offer precision treatments for a variety of neurological diseases, including epilepsy, but their deployment is hampered by the blood-brain barrier (BBB). Previous studies showed that intracerebroventricular injection of an antisense oligonucleotide (antagomir) targeting microRNA-134 (Ant-134) reduced evoked and spontaneous seizures in animal models of epilepsy. In this study, we used assays of serum protein and tracer extravasation to determine that BBB disruption occurring after status epilepticus in mice was sufficient to permit passage of systemically injected Ant-134 into the brain parenchyma. Intraperitoneal and intravenous injection of Ant-134 reached the hippocampus and blocked seizure-induced upregulation of miR-134. A single intraperitoneal injection of Ant-134 at 2 h after status epilepticus in mice resulted in potent suppression of spontaneous recurrent seizures, reaching a 99.5% reduction during recordings at 3 months. The duration of spontaneous seizures, when they occurred, was also reduced in Ant-134-treated mice. In vivo knockdown of LIM kinase-1 (Limk-1) increased seizure frequency in Ant-134-treated mice, implicating de-repression of Limk-1 in the antagomir mechanism. These studies indicate that systemic delivery of Ant-134 reaches the brain and produces long-lasting seizure-suppressive effects after systemic injection in mice when timed with BBB disruption and may be a clinically viable approach for this and other disease-modifying microRNA therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina R Reschke
- Department of Physiology & Medical Physics, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin D02 YN77, Ireland; FutureNeuro SFI Research Centre, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin D02 YN77, Ireland; School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin D02 YN77, Ireland
| | - Luiz F A Silva
- Department of Physiology & Medical Physics, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin D02 YN77, Ireland
| | - Vamshidhar R Vangoor
- Department of Translational Neuroscience, UMC Utrecht Brain Center, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, 3584 CG Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Massimo Rosso
- Department of Physiology & Medical Physics, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin D02 YN77, Ireland
| | - Bastian David
- Department of Epileptology, University Hospital Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - Brenton L Cavanagh
- Cellular and Molecular Imaging Core, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin D02 YN77, Ireland
| | - Niamh M C Connolly
- Department of Physiology & Medical Physics, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin D02 YN77, Ireland; FutureNeuro SFI Research Centre, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin D02 YN77, Ireland
| | - Gary P Brennan
- Department of Physiology & Medical Physics, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin D02 YN77, Ireland; FutureNeuro SFI Research Centre, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin D02 YN77, Ireland
| | - Amaya Sanz-Rodriguez
- Department of Physiology & Medical Physics, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin D02 YN77, Ireland; FutureNeuro SFI Research Centre, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin D02 YN77, Ireland
| | - Catherine Mooney
- FutureNeuro SFI Research Centre, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin D02 YN77, Ireland; School of Computer Science, University College Dublin, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Aasia Batool
- Department of Physiology & Medical Physics, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin D02 YN77, Ireland
| | - Chris Greene
- Department of Genetics, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Marian Brennan
- School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin D02 YN77, Ireland
| | - Ronan M Conroy
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health Medicine, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin D02 YN77, Ireland
| | - Theodor Rüber
- Department of Epileptology, University Hospital Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany; Epilepsy Center Frankfurt Rhine-Main, Department of Neurology, Goethe University Frankfurt, 60528 Frankfurt am Main, Germany; Center for Personalized Translational Epilepsy Research (CePTER), Goethe-University Frankfurt, 60528 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Jochen H M Prehn
- Department of Physiology & Medical Physics, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin D02 YN77, Ireland; FutureNeuro SFI Research Centre, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin D02 YN77, Ireland
| | - Matthew Campbell
- FutureNeuro SFI Research Centre, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin D02 YN77, Ireland; Department of Genetics, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - R Jeroen Pasterkamp
- Department of Translational Neuroscience, UMC Utrecht Brain Center, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, 3584 CG Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - David C Henshall
- Department of Physiology & Medical Physics, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin D02 YN77, Ireland; FutureNeuro SFI Research Centre, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin D02 YN77, Ireland.
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15
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Xu J, Sun M, Li X, Huang L, Gao Z, Gao J, Xie A. MicroRNA expression profiling after recurrent febrile seizures in rat and emerging role of miR-148a-3p/SYNJ1 axis. Sci Rep 2021; 11:1262. [PMID: 33441699 PMCID: PMC7806659 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-79543-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2020] [Accepted: 12/04/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Febrile seizures (FSs) are common neurological disorders in both infants and children, although the precise underlying mechanism remains to be explored, especially in the expression pattern and function of microRNAs (miRNAs). In this report, we aimed to screen new potential miRNAs and examine the role of miR-148a-3p in hippocampal neurons in FS rats via Synaptojanin-1 (SYNJ1). Thirty rats were randomly divided into the normal and FS model groups, which were investigated by miRNA array. This process identified 31 differentially expressed (20 upregulated and 11 downregulated) miRNAs and potential miRNA target genes. In addition, hippocampal neurons were assigned into five groups for different transfections. Apoptosis was detected by TUNEL and flow cytometry. SYNJ1 was identified as a target gene of miR-148-3p. In vitro experiments revealed that inhibition of miR-148a-3p decreased neuronal cell apoptosis. Moreover, overexpression of miR-148a-3p resulted in activation of PI3K/Akt signaling pathway and the apoptosis of hippocampal neurons. MiR-148a-3p inhibitor could reverse the above events. Taken together, our data demonstrated that the hippocampal miRNA expression profiles of a rat model of FS provide a large database of candidate miRNAs and neuron-related target genes. Furthermore, miR-148a-3p acted as a apoptosis enhcaner via the activation of the SYNJ1/PI3K/Akt signaling pathway, highlighting a potential therapeutic target in the treatment of infants with hyperthermia-induced brain injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Xu
- grid.268079.20000 0004 1790 6079Department of Neurology, Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, 261011 China ,grid.268079.20000 0004 1790 6079Department of Clinical Lab, Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, 261011 China
| | - Mingqiang Sun
- grid.268079.20000 0004 1790 6079Department of Clinical Lab, Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, 261011 China
| | - Xiaodong Li
- grid.268079.20000 0004 1790 6079Department of Pediatric, Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, 261011 China
| | - Lei Huang
- grid.239573.90000 0000 9025 8099Department of Cancer Blood Disease, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229 USA
| | - Zhenzhong Gao
- grid.268079.20000 0004 1790 6079Department of Pediatric, Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, 261011 China
| | - Jian Gao
- grid.268079.20000 0004 1790 6079Department of Pediatric, Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, 261011 China
| | - Anmu Xie
- grid.268079.20000 0004 1790 6079Department of Neurology, Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, 261011 China
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16
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Zhou HY, Jiang F, Cao Z, Shen QY, Feng YJ, Hou ZH. Propofol protects PC12 cells from cobalt chloride-induced injury by mediating miR-134. Histol Histopathol 2021; 36:425-435. [PMID: 33410125 DOI: 10.14670/hh-18-298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Propofol (PRO) was reported to exert a neuroprotective effect by decreasing microRNA-134 (miR-134), a brain-specific miRNA, thus, the role of PRO against cobalt chloride (CoCl₂)-induced injury in rat pheochromocytoma cells (PC12) via mediating miR-134 was explored. METHODS CoCl₂-induced PC12 cells treated with PRO were transfected with or without miR-134 negative control (NC)/ inhibitor/mimic, and the following detections were then performed using cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8), Annexin V-fluorescein isothiocyanate/propidium iodide (Annexin V-FITC/PI) and Hoechst 33258 staining. Autophagy was observed by transmission electron microscope (TEM). Mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) was detected by Rhodamine-123 (Rh123) staining, and reactive oxygen species (ROS) by dichloro-dihydro-fluorescein diacetate (DCFH-DA) staining. Protein and gene expressions were measured by Western blotting and quantitative reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR), respectively. RESULTS PRO reversed the CoCl₂-induced decrease in the PC12 cell viability and increased miR-134 in a dose-dependent manner. CoCl₂ increased LC3II/I ratio and Beclin-1 expression, but decreased p62 expression, which was abolished by PRO. In addition, an increased cell apoptosis rates triggered by CoCl₂ were reduced by PRO with the down-regulations of Bax and Caspase-3 and the up-regulation of Bcl-2. Furthermore, PRO decreased methylenedioxyamphetamine (MDA), nitric oxide (NO) and ROS in CoCl₂-induced PC12 cells accompanying the increase in glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) and MMP. The effects of PRO on autophagy, apoptosis and oxidative stress in CoCl₂-induced PC12 cell were reversed by miR-134 mimic. CONCLUSION PRO may mitigate CoCl₂-induced autophagy in PC12 cells with decreased apoptosis and improved oxidative stress via mediating miR-134.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Yi Zhou
- Department of Anesthesiology, Tongzhou Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Beijing, Beijing, China.
| | - Fan Jiang
- Department of General Medicine, Beijing Luhe Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhong Cao
- Department of Anesthesiology, Tongzhou Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Beijing, Beijing, China
| | - Qi-Yun Shen
- Department of Anesthesiology, Tongzhou Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Beijing, Beijing, China
| | - Yu-Jing Feng
- Department of Anesthesiology, Tongzhou Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Beijing, Beijing, China
| | - Zhen-Huan Hou
- Department of Anesthesiology, Tongzhou Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Beijing, Beijing, China
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17
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Fu M, Tao J, Wang D, Zhang Z, Wang X, Ji Y, Li Z. Downregulation of MicroRNA-34c-5p facilitated neuroinflammation in drug-resistant epilepsy. Brain Res 2020; 1749:147130. [DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2020.147130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2020] [Revised: 08/20/2020] [Accepted: 09/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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18
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Yan Y, Xia H, Hu J, Zhang B. MicroRNA-542-3p Regulates P-glycoprotein Expression in Rat Epilepsy via the Toll-like Receptor 4/Nuclear Factor-kappaB Signaling Pathway. Curr Neurovasc Res 2020; 16:433-440. [PMID: 31702493 DOI: 10.2174/1567202616666191023160201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2019] [Revised: 09/19/2019] [Accepted: 09/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The function of microRNA-542-3p (miR-542-3p) in rat epilepsy is still unclear. METHODS The levels of miR-542-3p and toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) were determined through quantitative real-time PCR. The protein levels were examined via the western blot analysis. The relationship between miR-542-3p and TLR4 was confirmed through luciferase assay. Pathological changes were analyzed via Hematoxylin-eosin (HE) and Nissl staining. RESULTS The rats and hippocampal cells were treated with kainic acid (KA) in vivo and in vitro. miR-542-3p was low in KA-treated rats, hippocampal cells and cerebrospinal fluid of patients with epilepsy. Further functional analysis showed that miR-542-3p overexpression inhibited KAinduced average seizure frequency, damage of hippocampal neuron and cell apoptosis, leading to the alleviation of the brain injury in epilepsy rats. miR-542-3p was determined to downregulate TLR4 expression. The relationship between miR-542-3p and TLR4 was confirmed. TLR4 knockdown reduced KA-induced nuclear factor-kappa B p65 (NF-κB p65), multidrug resistance 1 (MDR1), P-glycoprotein (P-gp) and apoptosis-associated protein levels. Further, for NF-κB p65, MDR1, P-gp and apoptosis-associated protein levels detection, miR-542-3p mimic showed a suppressive effect on these KA-induced protein levels, whereas TLR4 overexpression ameliorated the miR-542-3p-induced these protein levels in KA-treated epilepsy rats. CONCLUSION We identified that miR-542-3p attenuated seizure-induced brain injury and the expression of P-gp in epilepsy rats through inhibiting TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway, which might contribute to improved epilepsy therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- YuKui Yan
- Department of Neurology, Huzhou Central Hospital, Huzhou City, Zhejiang Province, 313000, China
| | - Hongping Xia
- College of Basic Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing City, Jiangsu Province, 211166, China
| | - Jianqin Hu
- Department of Neurology, Huzhou Central Hospital, Huzhou City, Zhejiang Province, 313000, China
| | - Bing Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Huzhou Central Hospital, Huzhou City, Zhejiang Province, 313000, China
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Lourenço DM, Ribeiro-Rodrigues L, Sebastião AM, Diógenes MJ, Xapelli S. Neural Stem Cells and Cannabinoids in the Spotlight as Potential Therapy for Epilepsy. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E7309. [PMID: 33022963 PMCID: PMC7582633 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21197309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2020] [Revised: 09/28/2020] [Accepted: 09/30/2020] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Epilepsy is one of the most common brain diseases worldwide, having a huge burden in society. The main hallmark of epilepsy is the occurrence of spontaneous recurrent seizures, having a tremendous impact on the lives of the patients and of their relatives. Currently, the therapeutic strategies are mostly based on the use of antiepileptic drugs, and because several types of epilepsies are of unknown origin, a high percentage of patients are resistant to the available pharmacotherapy, continuing to experience seizures overtime. Therefore, the search for new drugs and therapeutic targets is highly important. One key aspect to be targeted is the aberrant adult hippocampal neurogenesis (AHN) derived from Neural Stem Cells (NSCs). Indeed, targeting seizure-induced AHN may reduce recurrent seizures and shed some light on the mechanisms of disease. The endocannabinoid system is a known modulator of AHN, and due to the known endogenous antiepileptic properties, it is an interesting candidate for the generation of new antiepileptic drugs. However, further studies and clinical trials are required to investigate the putative mechanisms by which cannabinoids can be used to treat epilepsy. In this manuscript, we will review how cannabinoid-induced modulation of NSCs may promote neural plasticity and whether these drugs can be used as putative antiepileptic treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diogo M. Lourenço
- Instituto de Farmacologia e Neurociências, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-028 Lisboa, Portugal; (D.M.L.); (L.R.-R.); (A.M.S.); (M.J.D.)
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular João Lobo Antunes, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-028 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Leonor Ribeiro-Rodrigues
- Instituto de Farmacologia e Neurociências, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-028 Lisboa, Portugal; (D.M.L.); (L.R.-R.); (A.M.S.); (M.J.D.)
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular João Lobo Antunes, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-028 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Ana M. Sebastião
- Instituto de Farmacologia e Neurociências, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-028 Lisboa, Portugal; (D.M.L.); (L.R.-R.); (A.M.S.); (M.J.D.)
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular João Lobo Antunes, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-028 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Maria J. Diógenes
- Instituto de Farmacologia e Neurociências, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-028 Lisboa, Portugal; (D.M.L.); (L.R.-R.); (A.M.S.); (M.J.D.)
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular João Lobo Antunes, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-028 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Sara Xapelli
- Instituto de Farmacologia e Neurociências, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-028 Lisboa, Portugal; (D.M.L.); (L.R.-R.); (A.M.S.); (M.J.D.)
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular João Lobo Antunes, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-028 Lisboa, Portugal
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Feng Y, Yang H, Yue Y, Tian F. MicroRNAs and target genes in epileptogenesis. Epilepsia 2020; 61:2086-2096. [PMID: 32944964 DOI: 10.1111/epi.16687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2020] [Revised: 08/15/2020] [Accepted: 08/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Epilepsy is a chronic brain dysfunction. Current antiepileptic medicines cannot prevent epileptogenesis. Increasing data have shown that microRNAs (miRNAs) are selectively altered within the epileptic hippocampi of experimental models and human tissues, and these alterations affect the genes that control epileptogenesis. Furthermore, manipulation of miRNAs in animal models can modify epileptogenesis. As a result, miRNAs have been proposed as promising targets for treating epilepsy. We searched PubMed using the terms "microRNAs/miRNAs AND epilepsy", "microRNAs/miRNAs AND epileptogenesis", and "microRNAs/miRNAs AND seizure". We selected the articles in which the relationship between miRNAs and target gene(s) was validated and manipulation of miRNAs in in vivo epilepsy models modified epileptogenesis during the chronic phase via gene regulation. A total of 13 miRNAs were found in the present review. Based on the current analysis of miRNAs and their target gene(s), each miRNA has limitations as a potential epilepsy target. Importantly, miR-211 or miR-128 transgenic mice displayed seizures. These findings highlight new developments for epileptogenesis prevention. Developing novel strategies to modify epileptogenesis will be effective in curing epilepsy patients. This article provides an overview of the clinical application of miRNAs as novel targets for epilepsy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanyan Feng
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Haojun Yang
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yinyan Yue
- Department of Pediatrics, First Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Fafa Tian
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
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21
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Lu M, Qin X, Yao J, Yang Y, Zhao M, Sun L. MiR
‐134‐5p targeting
XIAP
modulates oxidative stress and apoptosis in cardiomyocytes under hypoxia/reperfusion‐induced injury. IUBMB Life 2020; 72:2154-2166. [PMID: 32797709 DOI: 10.1002/iub.2351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2020] [Revised: 06/17/2020] [Accepted: 07/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Min Lu
- Department of Cardiologry Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, School of Clinical Medicine Zhengzhou Henan China
| | - Xinglei Qin
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, School of Clinical Medicine Zhengzhou Henan China
| | - Jungong Yao
- Department of Cardiologry Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, School of Clinical Medicine Zhengzhou Henan China
| | - Yuanyuan Yang
- Department of Cardiologry Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, School of Clinical Medicine Zhengzhou Henan China
| | - Minghu Zhao
- Department of Cardiologry Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, School of Clinical Medicine Zhengzhou Henan China
| | - Lin Sun
- Department of Cardiologry Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, School of Clinical Medicine Zhengzhou Henan China
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22
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Feng Y, Duan C, Luo Z, Xiao W, Tian F. Silencing miR-20a-5p inhibits axonal growth and neuronal branching and prevents epileptogenesis through RGMa-RhoA-mediated synaptic plasticity. J Cell Mol Med 2020; 24:10573-10588. [PMID: 32779334 PMCID: PMC7521253 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.15677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2020] [Revised: 06/24/2020] [Accepted: 07/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Epileptogenesis is a potential process. Mossy fibre sprouting (MFS) and synaptic plasticity promote epileptogenesis. Overexpression of repulsive guidance molecule a (RGMa) prevents epileptogenesis by inhibiting MFS. However, other aspects underlying the RGMa regulatory process of epileptogenesis have not been elucidated. We studied whether RGMa could be modulated by microRNAs and regulated RhoA in epileptogenesis. Using microRNA databases, we selected four miRNAs as potential candidates. We further experimentally confirmed miR‐20a‐5p as a RGMa upstream regulator. Then, in vitro, by manipulating miR‐20a‐5p and RGMa, we investigated the regulatory relationship between miR‐20a‐5p, RGMa and RhoA, and the effects of this pathway on neuronal morphology. Finally, in the epilepsy animal model, we determined whether the miR‐20a‐5p‐RGMa‐RhoA pathway influenced MFS and synaptic plasticity and then modified epileptogenesis. Our results showed that miR‐20a‐5p regulated RGMa and that RGMa regulated RhoA in vitro. Furthermore, in primary hippocampal neurons, the miR‐20a‐5p‐RGMa‐RhoA pathway regulated axonal growth and neuronal branching; in the PTZ‐induced epilepsy model, silencing miR‐20a‐5p prevented epileptogenesis through RGMa‐RhoA‐mediated synaptic plasticity but did not change MFS. Overall, we concluded that silencing miR‐20a‐5p inhibits axonal growth and neuronal branching and prevents epileptogenesis through RGMa‐RhoA‐mediated synaptic plasticity in the PTZ‐induced epilepsy model, thereby providing a possible strategy to prevent epileptogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanyan Feng
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Chaojun Duan
- Department of Oncology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Zhaohui Luo
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Wenbiao Xiao
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Fafa Tian
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
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23
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MicroRNAs as regulators of brain function and targets for treatment of epilepsy. Nat Rev Neurol 2020; 16:506-519. [DOI: 10.1038/s41582-020-0369-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/06/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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24
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Feng Z, Zhang L, Wang S, Hong Q. Circular RNA circDLGAP4 exerts neuroprotective effects via modulating miR-134-5p/CREB pathway in Parkinson's disease. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2019; 522:388-394. [PMID: 31761328 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2019.11.102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2019] [Accepted: 11/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disease which is characterized by the substantia nigra dopaminergic neurons denatured. Circular RNA (circRNA) DLGAP4 (circDLGAP4) was found to have neuroprotective effect. In this study, we aimed to investigate whether circDLGAP4 participates in the progression of PD. Here, our results showed that circDLGAP4 expression was decreased in MPTP-induced PD mouse model and MPP+-induced PD cell models. In vitro study revealed that circDLGAP4 could promote viability, reduce apoptosis, decrease mitochondrial damage, enhance autophagy and thereby attenuated the neurotoxic effects of MPP+ in SH-SY5Y and MN9D cells. Further research suggested that circDLGAP4 exerted its functions via regulating miR-134-5p. Moreover, we demonstrated that CREB was a target of miR-134-5p and CREB expression could be regulated by circDLGAP4/miR-134-5p axis. CircDLGAP4/miR-134-5p could also modulate the activation of CREB signaling and thereby influence the expression of CREB target genes including BDNF, Bcl-2 and PGC-1α in SH-SY5Y and MN9D cells. In all, our study identifies that circDLGAP4 exerts neuroprotective effects via modulating miR-134-5p/CREB pathway both in human and mouse.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhong Feng
- Department of Neurology, The First People's Hospital of Wenling, Wenling, Zhejiang, China
| | - Li Zhang
- Department of Neurology, The First People's Hospital of Wenling, Wenling, Zhejiang, China
| | - Sa Wang
- Department of Neurology, The First People's Hospital of Wenling, Wenling, Zhejiang, China
| | - Qing Hong
- Department of Neurology, The First People's Hospital of Wenling, Wenling, Zhejiang, China.
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25
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Morris G, Reschke CR, Henshall DC. Targeting microRNA-134 for seizure control and disease modification in epilepsy. EBioMedicine 2019; 45:646-654. [PMID: 31300345 PMCID: PMC6642437 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2019.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2019] [Revised: 07/03/2019] [Accepted: 07/03/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
MicroRNA-134 is a brain-enriched small noncoding RNA that has been implicated in diverse neuronal functions, including regulating network excitability. Increased expression of microRNA-134 has been reported in several experimental epilepsy models and in resected brain tissue from temporal lobe epilepsy patients. Rodent studies have demonstrated that reducing microRNA-134 expression in the brain using antisense oligonucleotides can increase seizure thresholds and attenuate status epilepticus. Critically, inhibition of microRNA-134 after status epilepticus can potently reduce the occurrence of spontaneous recurrent seizures. Altered plasma levels of microRNA-134 have been reported in epilepsy patients, suggesting microRNA-134 may have diagnostic value as a biomarker. This review summarises findings on the cellular functions of microRNA-134, as well as the preclinical evidence supporting anti-seizure and disease-modifying effects of targeting microRNA-134 in epilepsy. Finally, we draw attention to unanswered questions and some of the challenges and opportunities involved in preclinical development of a microRNA-based oligonucleotide treatment for epilepsy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gareth Morris
- Department of Physiology and Medical Physics, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland; FutureNeuro Research Centre, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Cristina R Reschke
- Department of Physiology and Medical Physics, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland; FutureNeuro Research Centre, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland
| | - David C Henshall
- Department of Physiology and Medical Physics, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland; FutureNeuro Research Centre, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland.
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