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Zhi W, Li Y, Wang Y, Zou Y, Wang H, Xu X, Ma L, Ren Y, Qiu Y, Hu X, Wang L. Effects of 90 dB pure tone exposure on auditory and cardio-cerebral system functions in macaque monkeys. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2024; 249:118236. [PMID: 38266893 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2024.118236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Revised: 01/13/2024] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 01/26/2024]
Abstract
Excessive noise exposure presents significant health risks to humans, affecting not just the auditory system but also the cardiovascular and central nervous systems. This study focused on three male macaque monkeys as subjects. 90 dB sound pressure level (SPL) pure tone exposure (frequency: 500Hz, repetition rate: 40Hz, 1 min per day, continuously exposed for 5 days) was administered. Assessments were performed before exposure, during exposure, immediately after exposure, and at 7-, 14-, and 28-days post-exposure, employing auditory brainstem response (ABR) tests, electrocardiograms (ECG), and electroencephalograms (EEG). The study found that the average threshold for the Ⅴ wave in the right ear increased by around 30 dB SPL right after exposure (P < 0.01) compared to pre-exposure. This elevation returned to normal within 7 days. The ECG results indicated that one of the macaque monkeys exhibited an RS-type QRS wave, and inverted T waves from immediately after exposure to 14 days, which normalized at 28 days. The other two monkeys showed no significant changes in their ECG parameters. Changes in EEG parameters demonstrated that main brain regions exhibited significant activation at 40Hz during noise exposure. After noise exposure, the power spectral density (PSD) in main brain regions, particularly those represented by the temporal lobe, exhibited a decreasing trend across all frequency bands, with no clear recovery over time. In summary, exposure to 90 dB SPL noise results in impaired auditory systems, aberrant brain functionality, and abnormal electrocardiographic indicators, albeit with individual variations. It has implications for establishing noise protection standards, although the precise mechanisms require further exploration by integrating pathological and behavioral indicators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weijia Zhi
- Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, China.
| | - Ying Li
- Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, China.
| | - Yuchen Wang
- Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, China.
| | - Yong Zou
- Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, China.
| | - Haoyu Wang
- Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, China.
| | - Xinping Xu
- Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, China.
| | - Lizhen Ma
- Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, China.
| | - Yanling Ren
- Animal Center of the Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.
| | - Yefeng Qiu
- Animal Center of the Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.
| | - Xiangjun Hu
- Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, China.
| | - Lifeng Wang
- Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, China.
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Javelle F, Bloch W, Borges U, Burberg T, Collins B, Gunasekara N, Hosang TJ, Jacobsen T, Laborde S, Löw A, Schenk A, Schlagheck ML, Schoser D, Vogel A, Walzik D, Zimmer P. Eight weeks of high-intensity interval training versus stretching do not change the psychoneuroendocrine response to a social stress test in emotionally impulsive humans. Eur J Appl Physiol 2024:10.1007/s00421-024-05471-w. [PMID: 38710835 DOI: 10.1007/s00421-024-05471-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2023] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 05/08/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Research supports physical activity as a method to heighten stress resistance and resilience through positive metabolic alterations mostly affecting the neuroendocrine system. High-intensity interval training (HIIT) has been proposed as a highly effective time-saving method to induce those changes. However, existing literature relies heavily on cross-sectional analyses, with few randomised controlled trials highlighting the necessity for more exercise interventions. Thus, this study aims to investigate the effects of HIIT versus an active control group on the stress response to an acute psychosocial stressor in emotionally impulsive humans (suggested as being strong stress responders). METHODS The study protocol was registered online (DRKS00016589) before data collection. Sedentary, emotionally impulsive adults (30.69 ± 8.20 y) were recruited for a supervised intervention of 8 weeks and randomly allocated to either a HIIT (n = 25) or a stretching group (n = 19, acting as active controls). Participants were submitted to a test battery, including saliva samples, questionnaires (self-efficacy- and perceived stress-related), visual analogue scales (physical exercise- and stress-related), and resting electroencephalography and electrocardiography assessing their reaction to an acute psychological stressor (Trier Social Stress Test) before and after the exercise intervention. RESULTS HIIT increased aerobic fitness in all participants, whereas stretching did not. Participants from the HIIT group reported perceiving exercising more intensively than those from the active control group (ƞp2 = 0.108, p = 0.038). No further group differences were detected. Both interventions largely increased levels of joy post-TSST (ƞp2 = 0.209, p = 0.003) whilst decreasing tension (ƞp2 = 0.262, p < 0.001) and worries (ƞp2 = 0.113, p = 0.037). Finally, both interventions largely increased perceived levels of general self-efficacy (ƞp2 = 0.120, p = 0.029). CONCLUSION This study suggests that 8 weeks of HIIT does not change the psychoneuroendocrine response to an acute psychological stress test compared to an active control group in emotionally impulsive humans. Further replications of supervised exercise studies highly powered with active and passive controls are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Javelle
- Department for Molecular and Cellular Sports Medicine, Institute for Cardiovascular Research and Sports Medicine, German Sport University Cologne, Cologne, Germany.
| | - W Bloch
- Department for Molecular and Cellular Sports Medicine, Institute for Cardiovascular Research and Sports Medicine, German Sport University Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - U Borges
- Department of Performance Psychology, Institute of Psychology, German Sport University Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Department of Health and Social Psychology, Institute of Psychology, German Sport University Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - T Burberg
- Department of Sport and Exercise Science, University of Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria
| | - B Collins
- Department for Molecular and Cellular Sports Medicine, Institute for Cardiovascular Research and Sports Medicine, German Sport University Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - N Gunasekara
- Department for Molecular and Cellular Sports Medicine, Institute for Cardiovascular Research and Sports Medicine, German Sport University Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - T J Hosang
- Experimental Psychology Unit, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, Helmut Schmidt University/University of the Federal Armed Forces Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
| | - T Jacobsen
- Experimental Psychology Unit, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, Helmut Schmidt University/University of the Federal Armed Forces Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
| | - S Laborde
- Department of Performance Psychology, Institute of Psychology, German Sport University Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - A Löw
- Experimental Psychology Unit, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, Helmut Schmidt University/University of the Federal Armed Forces Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
| | - A Schenk
- Division of Performance and Health (Sports Medicine), Institute for Sport and Sport Science, Technical University Dortmund, Dortmund, Germany
| | - M L Schlagheck
- Division of Performance and Health (Sports Medicine), Institute for Sport and Sport Science, Technical University Dortmund, Dortmund, Germany
| | - D Schoser
- Institute of Movement Therapy and Movement-Oriented Prevention and Rehabilitation, German Sport University Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - A Vogel
- University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - D Walzik
- Division of Performance and Health (Sports Medicine), Institute for Sport and Sport Science, Technical University Dortmund, Dortmund, Germany
| | - P Zimmer
- Division of Performance and Health (Sports Medicine), Institute for Sport and Sport Science, Technical University Dortmund, Dortmund, Germany
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Catrambone V, Zallocco L, Ramoretti E, Mazzoni MR, Sebastiani L, Valenza G. Integrative neuro-cardiovascular dynamics in response to test anxiety: A brain-heart axis study. Physiol Behav 2024; 276:114460. [PMID: 38215864 DOI: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2024.114460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Revised: 12/08/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 01/14/2024]
Abstract
Test anxiety (TA), a recognized form of social anxiety, is the most prominent cause of anxiety among students and, if left unmanaged, can escalate to psychiatric disorders. TA profoundly impacts both central and autonomic nervous systems, presenting as a dual manifestation of cognitive and autonomic components. While limited studies have explored the physiological underpinnings of TA, none have directly investigated the intricate interplay between the CNS and ANS in this context. In this study, we introduce a non-invasive, integrated neuro-cardiovascular approach to comprehensively characterize the physiological responses of 27 healthy subjects subjected to test anxiety induced via a simulated exam scenario. Our experimental findings highlight that an isolated analysis of electroencephalographic and heart rate variability data fails to capture the intricate information provided by a brain-heart axis assessment, which incorporates an analysis of the dynamic interaction between the brain and heart. With respect to resting state, the simulated examination induced a decrease in the neural control onto heartbeat dynamics at all frequencies, while the studying condition induced a decrease in the ascending heart-to-brain interplay at EEG oscillations up to 12Hz. This underscores the significance of adopting a multisystem perspective in understanding the complex and especially functional directional mechanisms underlying test anxiety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincenzo Catrambone
- Neurocardiovascular Intelligence Laboratory, Department of Information Engineering & Bioengineering and Robotics Research Center E. Piaggio, School of Engineering, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy.
| | - Lorenzo Zallocco
- Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Eleonora Ramoretti
- Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Maria Rosa Mazzoni
- Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Laura Sebastiani
- Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy; Institute of Information Science and Technologies A. Faedo, ISTI-CNR, Pisa, Italy
| | - Gaetano Valenza
- Neurocardiovascular Intelligence Laboratory, Department of Information Engineering & Bioengineering and Robotics Research Center E. Piaggio, School of Engineering, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
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Williams M, Honan C, Skromanis S, Sanderson B, Matthews AJ. Psychological and attentional outcomes following acute mindfulness induction among high anxiety individuals: A systematic review and meta-analysis. J Psychiatr Res 2024; 170:361-374. [PMID: 38215647 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2023.12.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2022] [Revised: 08/19/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/14/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Training outcomes of mindfulness interventions for anxiety have been extensively researched. Less is known about the acute effects of mindfulness induction and associated mechanisms. This systematic review aimed to identify 1) the effect of mindfulness induction on pre-post measures of state anxiety and attention among adults experiencing high levels of anxiety; and 2) the impact of predictors, mediators and moderators on post-induction changes in anxiety and attention. State distress and mindfulness were included as secondary outcomes. METHODS A systematic search was conducted in November 2021 in electronic databases using relevant search terms. Five studies (four randomised controlled trials and one non-randomised controlled trial) were included, comprising a total of 277 participants with elevated trait/generalised anxiety. Each study used a brief audio-based mindfulness induction exercise. RESULTS The meta-analysis indicated mindfulness induction had medium and large effects on state anxiety (k = 3, n = 100, g = -0.60, 95%CI [-1.04, -0.16]; p = .008) and state mindfulness (k = 2, n = 110, g = 0.91, 95%CI [0.52, 1.30], p < .001), respectively, when compared with non-therapeutic control conditions. Furthermore, two studies showed small and moderate effects of mindfulness on state anxiety when compared to therapeutic active controls, but were not pooled in a meta-analysis. While results could not be pooled for attention, there was limited evidence of behavioural improvements on tasks measuring aspects of attention following mindfulness induction. However, one study found an increase in Low Beta to High Beta ratio and a reduction in Beta activity in the Anterior Cingulate Cortex following mindfulness induction. Moreover, another study found aspects of state mindfulness mediated reductions in state anxiety. LIMITATIONS A small number of studies were included in the review, with high risk of bias and low certainty of evidence present. CONCLUSION The findings support the use of mindfulness induction to reduce state anxiety in anxious individuals but suggest gains in state mindfulness may be a more realistic expected outcome. Further controlled trials are needed to delineate the relative effects of objectively assessed anxiety outcomes from mindfulness induction in clinically defined samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monique Williams
- School of Psychological Sciences, College of Health and Medicine, University of Tasmania, Private Bag 30, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia, 7001.
| | - Cynthia Honan
- School of Psychological Sciences, College of Health and Medicine, University of Tasmania, Launceston, Tasmania, Australia, 7250
| | - Sarah Skromanis
- School of Psychological Sciences, College of Health and Medicine, University of Tasmania, Launceston, Tasmania, Australia, 7250
| | - Ben Sanderson
- School of Psychological Sciences, College of Health and Medicine, University of Tasmania, Private Bag 30, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia, 7001
| | - Allison J Matthews
- School of Psychological Sciences, College of Health and Medicine, University of Tasmania, Private Bag 30, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia, 7001
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Ravaglia IC, Jasodanand V, Bhatnagar S, Grafe LA. Sex differences in body temperature and neural power spectra in response to repeated restraint stress. Stress 2024; 27:2320780. [PMID: 38414377 PMCID: PMC10989713 DOI: 10.1080/10253890.2024.2320780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 02/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Repeated stress is associated with an increased risk of developing psychiatric illnesses such as post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), which is more common in women, yet the neurobiology behind this sex difference is unknown. Habituation to repeated stress is impaired in PTSD, and recent preclinical studies have shown that female rats do not habituate as fully as male rats to repeated stress, which leads to impairments in cognition and sleep. Further research should examine sex differences after repeated stress in other relevant measures, such as body temperature and neural activity. In this study, we analyzed core body temperature and EEG power spectra in adult male and female rats during restraint, as well as during sleep transitions following stress. We found that core body temperature of male rats habituated to repeated restraint more fully than female rats. Additionally, we found that females had a higher average beta band power than males on both days of restraint, indicating higher levels of arousal. Lastly, we observed that females had lower delta band power than males during sleep transitions on Day 1 of restraint, however, females demonstrated higher delta band power than males by Day 5 of restraint. This suggests that it may take females longer to initiate sleep recovery compared with males. These findings indicate that there are differences in the physiological and neural processes of males and females after repeated stress. Understanding the way that the stress response is regulated in both sexes can provide insight into individualized treatment for stress-related disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- IC Ravaglia
- Bryn Mawr College, Department of Psychology, Bryn Mawr, PA, USA
| | - V Jasodanand
- Bryn Mawr College, Department of Psychology, Bryn Mawr, PA, USA
| | - S Bhatnagar
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - LA Grafe
- Bryn Mawr College, Department of Psychology, Bryn Mawr, PA, USA
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Grafe L, Miller KE, Ross RJ, Bhatnagar S. The importance of REM sleep fragmentation in the effects of stress on sleep: Perspectives from preclinical studies. Neurobiol Stress 2024; 28:100588. [PMID: 38075023 PMCID: PMC10709081 DOI: 10.1016/j.ynstr.2023.100588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2023] [Revised: 11/03/2023] [Accepted: 11/05/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Psychological stress poses a risk for sleep disturbances. Importantly, trauma-exposed individuals who develop posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) frequently report insomnia and recurrent nightmares. Clinical studies have provided insight into the mechanisms of these sleep disturbances. We review polysomnographic findings in PTSD and identify analogous measures that have been made in animal models of PTSD. There is a rich empirical and theoretical literature on rapid eye movement sleep (REMS) substrates of insomnia and nightmares, with an emphasis on REMS fragmentation. For future investigations of stress-induced sleep changes, we recommend a focus on tonic, phasic and other microarchitectural REMS measures. Power spectral density analysis of the sleep EEG should also be utilized. Animal models with high construct validity can provide insight into gender and time following stressor exposure as moderating variables. Ultimately, preclinical studies with translational potential will lead to improved treatment for stress-related sleep disturbances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Grafe
- Department of Psychology, Bryn Mawr College, Bryn Mawr, PA, USA
| | | | - Richard J. Ross
- Corporal Michael J. Crescenz VA Medical Center, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, The Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Seema Bhatnagar
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, The Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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DeCouto BS, Smeeton NJ, Williams AM. Skill and experience impact neural activity during global and local biological motion processing. Neuropsychologia 2023; 191:108718. [PMID: 37939872 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2023.108718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2023] [Revised: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 10/28/2023] [Indexed: 11/10/2023]
Abstract
During biological motion perception, individuals with perceptual experience learn to use more global processing, simultaneously extracting information from multiple body segments. Less experienced observers may use more local processing of individual body segments. The parietal lobe (e.g., alpha and beta power) has been shown to be critical to global and local static stimulus perception. Therefore, in this paper, we examined how skill impacts motion processing by assessing behavioral and neural responses to degrading global or local motion information for soccer penalty kicks. Skilled (N = 21) and less skilled (N = 19) soccer players anticipated temporally occluded videos of penalty kicks under normal, blurred (degraded local information), or spatially occluded (hips-only; degraded global information) viewing conditions. EEG was used to measure parietal alpha and beta power. Skilled players outperformed less skilled players, albeit both skill groups were less accurate in the blurred and hips-only conditions. Skilled performers showed significant decreases in bilateral parietal beta power in the hips-only condition, suggesting a greater reliance on global motion information under normal viewing conditions. Additionally, the hips-only condition elicited significantly greater beta relative to alpha power (beta - alpha), lower beta power, and lower alpha power than the control condition for both skill groups, suggesting spatial occlusion elicited a shift towards more local processing. Our novel findings demonstrate that skill and experience impact how motion is processed.
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Affiliation(s)
- B S DeCouto
- Florida Institute for Human & Machine Cognition, Human Health, Resilience & Performance, 40 South Alcaniz St. Pensacola, FL 32502, USA; University of Utah, College of Health, Department of Health & Kinesiology, 383 Colorow Drive, Suite 260, Salt Lake City, UT. 84112, USA.
| | - N J Smeeton
- University of Brighton, School of Sport and Health Sciences, Sport and Exercise Science and Sports Medicine Research and Enterprise Group, 1 Denton Road, Eastbourne BN22 7SR, Brighton, England, UK
| | - A M Williams
- Florida Institute for Human & Machine Cognition, Human Health, Resilience & Performance, 40 South Alcaniz St. Pensacola, FL 32502, USA; University of Utah, College of Health, Department of Health & Kinesiology, 383 Colorow Drive, Suite 260, Salt Lake City, UT. 84112, USA
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Goldberg X, Espelt C, Nadal R, Alon Y, Palao D, Bar-Haim Y, Armario A. Blunted neurobiological reactivity and attentional bias to threat underlie stress-related disorders in women survivors of intimate partner violence. Psychol Med 2023; 53:7329-7340. [PMID: 37194497 DOI: 10.1017/s0033291723000910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Intimate partner violence (IPV) alters women's neurobiological stress response systems. We propose that individual differences early in the attentional processing of threats are associated with these neurobiological mechanisms and contribute to mental illness in this population. METHODS We assessed attentional bias in relation to threat (AB) in women survivors of IPV (n = 69) and controls (n = 36), and examined overall cortisol secretion using hair cortisol (HC), and stress responsiveness measuring salivary cortisol and α-amylase (sAA) before (T0), and after (T1, T2) an acute psychosocial stress task (Trier Social Stress Test). We used repeated-measures ANCOVAs to explore the associations between Group (IPV, control) and AB with acute stress response, and regression models to examine the associations with mental health symptoms. RESULTS There were no between-group differences in HC levels. An interaction between Group and AB was found regarding cortisol reactivity (p < 0.05). IPV women with threat avoidance AB showed a blunted cortisol response compared to controls and to IPV participants with threat vigilance AB. The association between sAA reactivity and the interaction between Group, AB, and time approached significance (p = 0.07), with a trend to lower sAA levels particularly in IPV women with threat avoidance AB. Group and cortisol reactivity were associated with symptoms of depression, generalized anxiety, and post-traumatic stress disorder (8-20% explained variance). CONCLUSIONS Threat avoidance AB is associated with blunted acute cortisol response among women exposed to chronic stress (IPV). Experiencing IPV and acute cortisol response appear to be clearly implicated in long-term mental health problems.
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Affiliation(s)
- X Goldberg
- Mental Health Department, Institut d'Investigació i Innovació Parc Taulí I3PT, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, CIBERSAM, Sabadell, Spain
- ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain
| | - C Espelt
- Mental Health Department, Institut d'Investigació i Innovació Parc Taulí I3PT, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, CIBERSAM, Sabadell, Spain
| | - R Nadal
- Psychobiology Unit (School of Psychology), Institut de Neurociències, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, CIBERSAM, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Barcelona, Spain
- Institut de Neurociències, Barcelona, Spain
- Unitat de Neurociència Traslacional, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Y Alon
- School of Psychological Sciences and Sagol Schoold of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - D Palao
- Mental Health Department, Institut d'Investigació i Innovació Parc Taulí I3PT, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, CIBERSAM, Sabadell, Spain
- Institut de Neurociències, Barcelona, Spain
- Unitat de Neurociència Traslacional, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Y Bar-Haim
- School of Psychological Sciences and Sagol Schoold of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - A Armario
- Institut de Neurociències, Barcelona, Spain
- Unitat de Neurociència Traslacional, Barcelona, Spain
- Animal Physiology Unit (School of Biosciences), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, CIBERSAM, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Barcelona, Spain
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Hutcheon EA, Vakorin VA, Nunes AS, Ribary U, Ferguson S, Claydon VE, Doesburg SM. Comparing neuronal oscillations during visual spatial attention orienting between normobaric and hypobaric hypoxia. Sci Rep 2023; 13:18021. [PMID: 37865721 PMCID: PMC10590435 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-45308-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Normobaric hypoxia (NH) and hypobaric hypoxia (HH) are both used to train aircraft pilots to recognize symptoms of hypoxia. NH (low oxygen concentration) training is often preferred because it is more cost effective, simpler, and safer than HH. It is unclear, however, whether NH is neurophysiologically equivalent to HH (high altitude). Previous studies have shown that neural oscillations, particularly those in the alpha band (8-12 Hz), are impacted by hypoxia. Attention tasks have been shown to reliably modulate alpha oscillations, although the neurophysiological impacts of hypoxia during cognitive processing remains poorly understood. To address this we investigated induced and evoked power alongside physiological data while participants performed an attention task during control (normobaric normoxia or NN), NH (fraction of inspired oxygen = 12.8%, partial pressure of inspired oxygen = 87.2 mmHg), and HH (3962 m, partial pressure of inspired oxygen = 87.2 mmHg) conditions inside a hypobaric chamber. No significant differences between NH and HH were found in oxygen saturation, end tidal gases, breathing rate, middle cerebral artery velocity and blood pressure. Induced alpha power was significantly decreased in NH and HH when compared to NN. Participants in the HH condition showed significantly increased induced lower-beta power and evoked higher-beta power, compared with the NH and NN conditions, indicating that NH and HH differ in their impact on neurophysiological activity supporting cognition. NH and HH were found not to be neurophysiologically equivalent as electroencephalography was able to differentiate NH from HH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evan A Hutcheon
- Department of Biomedical Physiology and Kinesiology, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC, Canada.
| | - Vasily A Vakorin
- Department of Biomedical Physiology and Kinesiology, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC, Canada
| | - Adonay S Nunes
- Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Urs Ribary
- Department of Psychology, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC, Canada
| | - Sherri Ferguson
- Environmental Physiology and Medicine Unit, Faculty of Science, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC, Canada
| | - Victoria E Claydon
- Department of Biomedical Physiology and Kinesiology, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC, Canada
| | - Sam M Doesburg
- Department of Biomedical Physiology and Kinesiology, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC, Canada
- Institute for Neuroscience and Neurotechnology, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, Canada
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Khajuria A, Kumar A, Joshi D, Kumaran SS. Reducing Stress with Yoga: A Systematic Review Based on Multimodal Biosignals. Int J Yoga 2023; 16:156-170. [PMID: 38463652 PMCID: PMC10919405 DOI: 10.4103/ijoy.ijoy_218_23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Revised: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 03/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Stress is an enormous concern in our culture because it is the root cause of many health issues. Yoga asanas and mindfulness-based practices are becoming increasingly popular for stress management; nevertheless, the biological effect of these practices on stress reactivity is still a research domain. The purpose of this review is to emphasize various biosignals that reflect stress reduction through various yoga-based practices. A comprehensive synthesis of numerous prior investigations in the existing literature was conducted. These investigations undertook a thorough examination of numerous biosignals. Various features are extracted from these signals, which are further explored to reflect the effectiveness of yoga practice in stress reduction. The multifaceted character of stress and the extensive research undertaken in this field indicate that the proposed approach would rely on multiple modalities. The notable growth of the body of literature pertaining to prospective yoga processes is deserving of attention; nonetheless, there exists a scarcity of research undertaken on these mechanisms. Hence, it is recommended that future studies adopt more stringent yoga methods and ensure the incorporation of suitable participant cohorts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aayushi Khajuria
- Department of NMR and MRI Facility, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Amit Kumar
- Center for Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi, India
| | - Deepak Joshi
- Center for Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi, India
| | - S. Senthil Kumaran
- Department of NMR and MRI Facility, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
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Huang SS, Yu YH, Chen HH, Hung CC, Wang YT, Chang CH, Peng SJ, Kuo PH. Functional connectivity analysis on electroencephalography signals reveals potential biomarkers for treatment response in major depression. BMC Psychiatry 2023; 23:554. [PMID: 37528355 PMCID: PMC10394892 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-023-04958-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 08/03/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The treatment efficacy varies across individual patients with major depressive disorder (MDD). It lacks robust electroencephalography (EEG) markers for an antidepressant-responsive phenotype. METHOD This is an observational study enrolling 28 patients with MDD and 33 healthy controls (mean age of 40.7 years, and 71.4% were women). Patients underwent EEG exams at baseline (week0) and week1, while controls' EEG recordings were acquired only at week0. A resting eye-closing EEG segment was analyzed for functional connectivity (FC). Four parameters were used in FC analysis: (1) node strength (NS), (2) global efficiency (GE), (3) clustering coefficient (CC), and (4) betweenness centrality (BC). RESULTS We found that controls had higher values in delta wave in the indices of NS, GE, BC, and CC than MDD patients at baseline. After treatment with antidepressants, patients' FC indices improved significantly, including GE, mean CC, and mean NS in the delta wave. The FC in the alpha and beta bands of the responders were higher than those of the non-responders. CONCLUSIONS The FC of the MDD patients at baseline without treatment was worse than that of controls. After treatment, the FC improved and was close to the values of controls. Responders showed better FC in the high-frequency bands than non-responders, and this feature exists in both pre-treatment and post-treatment EEG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiau-Shian Huang
- Department of Medical Education, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- Institute of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
- College of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Bali Psychiatric Center, Ministry of Health and Welfare, New Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Hsiang Yu
- College of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Division of Neurology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - His-Han Chen
- Department of Psychiatry, Yang Ji Mental Hospital, Keelung, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Chun Hung
- Bali Psychiatric Center, Ministry of Health and Welfare, New Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yao-Ting Wang
- Bali Psychiatric Center, Ministry of Health and Welfare, New Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chieh Hsin Chang
- Bali Psychiatric Center, Ministry of Health and Welfare, New Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Syu-Jyun Peng
- Program in Artificial Intelligence in Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Po-Hsiu Kuo
- Institute of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.
- Department of Psychiatry, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.
- Psychiatric Research Center, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.
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12
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Rojas-Thomas F, Artigas C, Wainstein G, Morales JP, Arriagada M, Soto D, Dagnino-Subiabre A, Silva J, Lopez V. Impact of acute psychosocial stress on attentional control in humans. A study of evoked potentials and pupillary response. Neurobiol Stress 2023; 25:100551. [PMID: 37362419 PMCID: PMC10285563 DOI: 10.1016/j.ynstr.2023.100551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2022] [Revised: 06/03/2023] [Accepted: 06/04/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Psychosocial stress has increased considerably in our modern lifestyle, affecting global mental health. Deficits in attentional control are cardinal features of stress disorders and pathological anxiety. Studies suggest that changes in the locus coeruleus-norepinephrine system could underlie the effects of stress on top-down attentional control. However, the impact of psychosocial stress on attentional processes and its underlying neural mechanisms are poorly understood. This study aims to investigate the effect of psychosocial stress on attentional processing and brain signatures. Evoked potentials and pupillary activity related to the oddball auditory paradigm were recorded before and after applying the Montreal Imaging Stress Task (MIST). Electrocardiogram (ECG), salivary cortisol, and subjective anxiety/stress levels were measured at different experimental periods. The control group experienced the same physical and cognitive effort but without the psychosocial stress component. The results showed that stressed subjects exhibited decreased P3a and P3b amplitude, pupil phasic response, and correct responses. On the other hand, they displayed an increase in Mismatch Negativity (MMN). N1 amplitude after MIST only decreased in the control group. We found that differences in P3b amplitude between the first and second oddball were significantly correlated with pupillary dilation and salivary cortisol levels. Our results suggest that under social-evaluative threat, basal activity of the coeruleus-norepinephrine system increases, enhancing alertness and decreasing voluntary attentional resources for the cognitive task. These findings contribute to understanding the neurobiological basis of attentional changes in pathologies associated with chronic psychosocial stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- F. Rojas-Thomas
- Laboratorio de Psicología Experimental y Neurociencias, Escuela de Psicología, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Programa de Doctorado en Neurociencia, Centro Interdisciplinario en Neurociencia, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Center for Social and Cognitive Neuroscience (CSCN), School of Psychology, Universidad Adolfo Ibáñez, Santiago de Chile, Chile
| | - C. Artigas
- Departamento de Biología, Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - G. Wainstein
- Departamento de Psiquiatría, Escuela de Medicina y Centro Interdisciplinario de Neurociencia, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Juan-Pablo Morales
- Programa de Doctorado en Neurociencia, Centro Interdisciplinario en Neurociencia, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Center for Social and Cognitive Neuroscience (CSCN), School of Psychology, Universidad Adolfo Ibáñez, Santiago de Chile, Chile
- Facultad de Educación Psicología y Familia, Universidad Finis Terrae, Santiago, Chile
| | - M. Arriagada
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Bernardo O'Higgins University, Santiago, Chile
| | - D. Soto
- Center for Social and Cognitive Neuroscience (CSCN), School of Psychology, Universidad Adolfo Ibáñez, Santiago de Chile, Chile
| | - A. Dagnino-Subiabre
- Laboratorio de Neurobiología del Estrés, Instituto de Fisiología, CENFI, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Valparaíso, Valparaíso, Chile
| | - J. Silva
- Instituto de Bienestar Socioemocional (IBEM), Facultad de Psicología, Universidad del Desarrollo, Santiago, Chile
| | - V. Lopez
- Laboratorio de Psicología Experimental y Neurociencias, Escuela de Psicología, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
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13
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Aminosharieh Najafi T, Affanni A, Rinaldo R, Zontone P. Driver Attention Assessment Using Physiological Measures from EEG, ECG, and EDA Signals. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 23:2039. [PMID: 36850637 PMCID: PMC9961536 DOI: 10.3390/s23042039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2022] [Revised: 02/03/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
In this paper, we consider the evaluation of the mental attention state of individuals driving in a simulated environment. We tested a pool of subjects while driving on a highway and trying to overcome various obstacles placed along the course in both manual and autonomous driving scenarios. Most systems described in the literature use cameras to evaluate features such as blink rate and gaze direction. In this study, we instead analyse the subjects' Electrodermal activity (EDA) Skin Potential Response (SPR), their Electrocardiogram (ECG), and their Electroencephalogram (EEG). From these signals we extract a number of physiological measures, including eye blink rate and beta frequency band power from EEG, heart rate from ECG, and SPR features, then investigate their capability to assess the mental state and engagement level of the test subjects. In particular, and as confirmed by statistical tests, the signals reveal that in the manual scenario the subjects experienced a more challenged mental state and paid higher attention to driving tasks compared to the autonomous scenario. A different experiment in which subjects drove in three different setups, i.e., a manual driving scenario and two autonomous driving scenarios characterized by different vehicle settings, confirmed that manual driving is more mentally demanding than autonomous driving. Therefore, we can conclude that the proposed approach is an appropriate way to monitor driver attention.
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14
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Liang S, Mody M. Abnormal Brain Oscillations in Developmental Disorders: Application of Resting State EEG and MEG in Autism Spectrum Disorder and Fragile X Syndrome. FRONTIERS IN NEUROIMAGING 2022; 1:903191. [PMID: 37555160 PMCID: PMC10406242 DOI: 10.3389/fnimg.2022.903191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2022] [Accepted: 04/29/2022] [Indexed: 08/10/2023]
Abstract
Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) and Fragile X Syndrome (FXS) are neurodevelopmental disorders with similar clinical and behavior symptoms and partially overlapping and yet distinct neurobiological origins. It is therefore important to distinguish these disorders from each other as well as from typical development. Examining disruptions in functional connectivity often characteristic of neurodevelopment disorders may be one approach to doing so. This review focuses on EEG and MEG studies of resting state in ASD and FXS, a neuroimaging paradigm frequently used with difficult-to-test populations. It compares the brain regions and frequency bands that appear to be impacted, either in power or connectivity, in each disorder; as well as how these abnormalities may result in the observed symptoms. It argues that the findings in these studies are inconsistent and do not fit neatly into existing models of ASD and FXS, then highlights the gaps in the literature and recommends future avenues of inquiry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophia Liang
- College of Arts and Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, United States
| | - Maria Mody
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, United States
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15
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Development of an EEG Headband for Stress Measurement on Driving Simulators. SENSORS 2022; 22:s22051785. [PMID: 35270931 PMCID: PMC8914656 DOI: 10.3390/s22051785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2021] [Revised: 02/16/2022] [Accepted: 02/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
In this paper, we designed from scratch, realized, and characterized a six-channel EEG wearable headband for the measurement of stress-related brain activity during driving. The headband transmits data over WiFi to a laptop, and the rechargeable battery life is 10 h of continuous transmission. The characterization manifested a measurement error of 6 μV in reading EEG channels, and the bandwidth was in the range [0.8, 44] Hz, while the resolution was 50 nV exploiting the oversampling technique. Thanks to the full metrological characterization presented in this paper, we provide important information regarding the accuracy of the sensor because, in the literature, commercial EEG sensors are used even if their accuracy is not provided in the manuals. We set up an experiment using the driving simulator available in our laboratory at the University of Udine; the experiment involved ten volunteers who had to drive in three scenarios: manual, autonomous vehicle with a “gentle” approach, and autonomous vehicle with an “aggressive” approach. The aim of the experiment was to assess how autonomous driving algorithms impact EEG brain activity. To our knowledge, this is the first study to compare different autonomous driving algorithms in terms of drivers’ acceptability by means of EEG signals. The obtained results demonstrated that the estimated power of beta waves (related to stress) is higher in the manual with respect to autonomous driving algorithms, either “gentle” or “aggressive”.
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16
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Kim S, Yang C, Dong SY, Lee SH. Predictions of tDCS treatment response in PTSD patients using EEG based classification. Front Psychiatry 2022; 13:876036. [PMID: 35845448 PMCID: PMC9277561 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.876036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2022] [Accepted: 06/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) is an emerging therapeutic tool for treating posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Prior studies have shown that tDCS responses are highly individualized, thus necessitating the individualized optimization of treatment configurations. To date, an effective tool for predicting tDCS treatment outcomes in patients with PTSD has not yet been proposed. Therefore, we aimed to build and validate a tool for predicting tDCS treatment outcomes in patients with PTSD. Forty-eight patients with PTSD received 20 min of 2 mA tDCS stimulation in position of the anode over the F3 and cathode over the F4 region. Non-responders were defined as those with less than 50% improvement after reviewing clinical symptoms based on the Clinician-Administered DSM-5 PTSD Scale (before and after stimulation). Resting-state electroencephalograms were recorded for 3 min before and after stimulation. We extracted power spectral densities (PSDs) for five frequency bands. A support vector machine (SVM) model was used to predict responders and non-responders using PSDs obtained before stimulation. We investigated statistical differences in PSDs before and after stimulation and found statistically significant differences in the F8 channel in the theta band (p = 0.01). The SVM model had an area under the ROC curve (AUC) of 0.93 for predicting responders and non-responders using PSDs. To our knowledge, this study provides the first empirical evidence that PSDs can be useful biomarkers for predicting the tDCS treatment response, and that a machine learning model can provide robust prediction performance. Machine learning models based on PSDs can be useful for informing treatment decisions in tDCS treatment for patients with PTSD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sangha Kim
- Department of Information Technology Engineering, Sookmyung Women's University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Chaeyeon Yang
- Clinical Emotion and Cognition Research Laboratory, Inje University, Goyang, South Korea
| | - Suh-Yeon Dong
- Department of Information Technology Engineering, Sookmyung Women's University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Seung-Hwan Lee
- Clinical Emotion and Cognition Research Laboratory, Inje University, Goyang, South Korea.,Department of Psychiatry, Ilsan-Paik Hospital, Inje University, Goyang, South Korea.,Bwave Inc., Goyang, South Korea
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