1
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Kang Y, Ahn J, Cosme D, Mwilambwe-Tshilobo L, McGowan A, Zhou D, Boyd ZM, Jovanova M, Stanoi O, Mucha PJ, Ochsner KN, Bassett DS, Lydon-Staley D, Falk EB. Frontoparietal functional connectivity moderates the link between time spent on social media and subsequent negative affect in daily life. Sci Rep 2023; 13:20501. [PMID: 37993522 PMCID: PMC10665348 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-46040-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 11/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Evidence on the harms and benefits of social media use is mixed, in part because the effects of social media on well-being depend on a variety of individual difference moderators. Here, we explored potential neural moderators of the link between time spent on social media and subsequent negative affect. We specifically focused on the strength of correlation among brain regions within the frontoparietal system, previously associated with the top-down cognitive control of attention and emotion. Participants (N = 54) underwent a resting state functional magnetic resonance imaging scan. Participants then completed 28 days of ecological momentary assessment and answered questions about social media use and negative affect, twice a day. Participants who spent more than their typical amount of time on social media since the previous time point reported feeling more negative at the present moment. This within-person temporal association between social media use and negative affect was mainly driven by individuals with lower resting state functional connectivity within the frontoparietal system. By contrast, time spent on social media did not predict subsequent affect for individuals with higher frontoparietal functional connectivity. Our results highlight the moderating role of individual functional neural connectivity in the relationship between social media and affect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoona Kang
- Department of Psychology, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Camden, NJ, 08102, USA.
- Annenberg School for Communication, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA.
| | - Jeesung Ahn
- Annenberg School for Communication, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
- Department of Psychology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Danielle Cosme
- Annenberg School for Communication, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | | | - Amanda McGowan
- Department of Psychology, Concordia University, Montreal, QC, H4B 1R6, Canada
| | - Dale Zhou
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Zachary M Boyd
- Department of Mathematics, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT, 84604, USA
| | - Mia Jovanova
- Annenberg School for Communication, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Ovidia Stanoi
- Department of Psychology, Columbia University, New York, NY, 10027, USA
| | - Peter J Mucha
- Department of Mathematics, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH, 03755, USA
| | - Kevin N Ochsner
- Department of Psychology, Columbia University, New York, NY, 10027, USA
| | - Dani S Bassett
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - David Lydon-Staley
- Annenberg School for Communication, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Emily B Falk
- Annenberg School for Communication, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA.
- Department of Psychology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA.
- Wharton Marketing Department, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA.
- Wharton Operations, Information and Decisions Department, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA.
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2
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Artiles O, Al Masry Z, Saeed F. Confounding Effects on the Performance of Machine Learning Analysis of Static Functional Connectivity Computed from rs-fMRI Multi-site Data. Neuroinformatics 2023; 21:651-668. [PMID: 37581850 DOI: 10.1007/s12021-023-09639-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/16/2023] [Indexed: 08/16/2023]
Abstract
Resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI) is a non-invasive imaging technique widely used in neuroscience to understand the functional connectivity of the human brain. While rs-fMRI multi-site data can help to understand the inner working of the brain, the data acquisition and processing of this data has many challenges. One of the challenges is the variability of the data associated with different acquisitions sites, and different MRI machines vendors. Other factors such as population heterogeneity among different sites, with variables such as age and gender of the subjects, must also be considered. Given that most of the machine-learning models are developed using these rs-fMRI multi-site data sets, the intrinsic confounding effects can adversely affect the generalizability and reliability of these computational methods, as well as the imposition of upper limits on the classification scores. This work aims to identify the phenotypic and imaging variables producing the confounding effects, as well as to control these effects. Our goal is to maximize the classification scores obtained from the machine learning analysis of the Autism Brain Imaging Data Exchange (ABIDE) rs-fMRI multi-site data. To achieve this goal, we propose novel methods of stratification to produce homogeneous sub-samples of the 17 ABIDE sites, as well as the generation of new features from the static functional connectivity values, using multiple linear regression models, ComBat harmonization models, and normalization methods. The main results obtained with our statistical models and methods are an accuracy of 76.4%, sensitivity of 82.9%, and specificity of 77.0%, which are 8.8%, 20.5%, and 7.5% above the baseline classification scores obtained from the machine learning analysis of the static functional connectivity computed from the ABIDE rs-fMRI multi-site data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oswaldo Artiles
- Knight Foundation School of Computing and Information Sciences, Florida International University, 11200 SW 8th Street CASE 354, Miami, Florida, 33199, USA
| | - Zeina Al Masry
- SUPMICROTECH, CNRS, institut FEMTO-ST, 24 rue Alain Savary, Besançon, F-25000, France
| | - Fahad Saeed
- Knight Foundation School of Computing and Information Sciences, Florida International University, 11200 SW 8th Street CASE 354, Miami, Florida, 33199, USA.
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3
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Zhao B, Li T, Li Y, Fan Z, Xiong D, Wang X, Gao M, Smith SM, Zhu H. An atlas of trait associations with resting-state and task-evoked human brain functional organizations in the UK Biobank. IMAGING NEUROSCIENCE (CAMBRIDGE, MASS.) 2023; 1:1-23. [PMID: 38770197 PMCID: PMC11105703 DOI: 10.1162/imag_a_00015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2024]
Abstract
Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) has been widely used to identify brain regions linked to critical functions, such as language and vision, and to detect tumors, strokes, brain injuries, and diseases. It is now known that large sample sizes are necessary for fMRI studies to detect small effect sizes and produce reproducible results. Here we report a systematic association analysis of 647 traits with imaging features extracted from resting-state and task-evoked fMRI data of more than 40,000 UK Biobank participants. We used a parcellation-based approach to generate 64,620 functional connectivity measures to reveal fine-grained details about cerebral cortex functional organizations. The difference between functional organizations at rest and during task was examined, and we have prioritized important brain regions and networks associated with a variety of human traits and clinical outcomes. For example, depression was most strongly associated with decreased connectivity in the somatomotor network. We have made our results publicly available and developed a browser framework to facilitate the exploration of brain function-trait association results (http://fmriatlas.org/).
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Affiliation(s)
- Bingxin Zhao
- Department of Statistics and Data Science, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Department of Statistics, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
- These authors contributed equally to this work
| | - Tengfei Li
- Department of Radiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
- Biomedical Research Imaging Center, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
- These authors contributed equally to this work
| | - Yujue Li
- Department of Statistics, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - Zirui Fan
- Department of Statistics and Data Science, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Department of Statistics, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - Di Xiong
- Department of Biostatistics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Xifeng Wang
- Department of Biostatistics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Mufeng Gao
- Department of Biostatistics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Stephen M. Smith
- Wellcome Centre for Integrative Neuroimaging, FMRIB, Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Hongtu Zhu
- Biomedical Research Imaging Center, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
- Department of Biostatistics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
- Department of Computer Science, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
- Department of Statistics and Operations Research, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
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4
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Kumar S, Shovon AR, Deshpande G. The robustness of persistent homology of brain networks to data acquisition-related non-neural variability in resting state fMRI. Hum Brain Mapp 2023; 44:4637-4651. [PMID: 37449464 PMCID: PMC10400795 DOI: 10.1002/hbm.26403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2022] [Revised: 06/01/2023] [Accepted: 06/07/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023] Open
Abstract
There is increasing interest in investigating brain function based on functional connectivity networks (FCN) obtained from resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). FCNs, typically obtained using measures of time series association such as Pearson's correlation, are sensitive to data acquisition parameters such as sampling period. This introduces non-neural variability in data pooled from different acquisition protocols and MRI scanners, negating the advantages of larger sample sizes in pooled data. To address this, we hypothesize that the topology or shape of brain networks must be preserved irrespective of how densely it is sampled, and metrics which capture this topology may be statistically similar across sampling periods, thereby alleviating this source of non-neural variability. Accordingly, we present an end-to-end pipeline that uses persistent homology (PH), a branch of topological data analysis, to demonstrate similarity across FCNs acquired at different temporal sampling periods. PH, as a technique, extracts topological features by capturing the network organization across all continuous threshold values, as opposed to graph theoretic methods, which fix a discrete network topology by thresholding the connectivity matrix. The extracted topological features are encoded in the form of persistent diagrams that can be compared against one another using the earth-moving metric, also popularly known as the Wasserstein distance. We extract topological features from three data cohorts, each acquired at different temporal sampling periods and demonstrate that these features are statistically the same, hence, empirically showing that PH may be robust to changes in data acquisition parameters such as sampling period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sidharth Kumar
- Computer Science DepartmentUniversity of Alabama at BirminghamBirminghamAlabamaUSA
| | | | - Gopikrishna Deshpande
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, AU MRI Research CenterAuburn UniversityAlabamaUSA
- Department of Psychological SciencesAuburn UniversityAuburnAlabamaUSA
- Alabama Advanced Imaging ConsortiumBirminghamAlabamaUSA
- Center for NeuroscienceAuburn UniversityAuburnAlabamaUSA
- School of PsychologyCapital Normal UniversityBeijingChina
- Key Laboratory for Learning and CognitionCapital Normal UniversityBeijingChina
- Department of PsychiatryNational Institute of Mental Health and NeurosciencesBangaloreIndia
- Centre for Brain ResearchIndian Institute of ScienceBangaloreIndia
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5
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Hu F, Chen AA, Horng H, Bashyam V, Davatzikos C, Alexander-Bloch A, Li M, Shou H, Satterthwaite TD, Yu M, Shinohara RT. Image harmonization: A review of statistical and deep learning methods for removing batch effects and evaluation metrics for effective harmonization. Neuroimage 2023; 274:120125. [PMID: 37084926 PMCID: PMC10257347 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2023.120125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Revised: 04/12/2023] [Accepted: 04/19/2023] [Indexed: 04/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Magnetic resonance imaging and computed tomography from multiple batches (e.g. sites, scanners, datasets, etc.) are increasingly used alongside complex downstream analyses to obtain new insights into the human brain. However, significant confounding due to batch-related technical variation, called batch effects, is present in this data; direct application of downstream analyses to the data may lead to biased results. Image harmonization methods seek to remove these batch effects and enable increased generalizability and reproducibility of downstream results. In this review, we describe and categorize current approaches in statistical and deep learning harmonization methods. We also describe current evaluation metrics used to assess harmonization methods and provide a standardized framework to evaluate newly-proposed methods for effective harmonization and preservation of biological information. Finally, we provide recommendations to end-users to advocate for more effective use of current methods and to methodologists to direct future efforts and accelerate development of the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengling Hu
- Penn Statistics in Imaging and Visualization Endeavor (PennSIVE), Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology, and Informatics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, 423 Guardian Dr, Philadelphia, PA 19104, United States.
| | - Andrew A Chen
- Penn Statistics in Imaging and Visualization Endeavor (PennSIVE), Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology, and Informatics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, 423 Guardian Dr, Philadelphia, PA 19104, United States
| | - Hannah Horng
- Penn Statistics in Imaging and Visualization Endeavor (PennSIVE), Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology, and Informatics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, 423 Guardian Dr, Philadelphia, PA 19104, United States
| | - Vishnu Bashyam
- Center for Biomedical Image Computing and Analytics (CBICA), Perelman School of Medicine, United States
| | - Christos Davatzikos
- Center for Biomedical Image Computing and Analytics (CBICA), Perelman School of Medicine, United States
| | - Aaron Alexander-Bloch
- Department of Psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, United States; Penn-CHOP Lifespan Brain Institute, United States; Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Behavioral Science, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, United States
| | - Mingyao Li
- Statistical Center for Single-Cell and Spatial Genomics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, United States
| | - Haochang Shou
- Penn Statistics in Imaging and Visualization Endeavor (PennSIVE), Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology, and Informatics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, 423 Guardian Dr, Philadelphia, PA 19104, United States; Center for Biomedical Image Computing and Analytics (CBICA), Perelman School of Medicine, United States
| | - Theodore D Satterthwaite
- Department of Psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, United States; Penn-CHOP Lifespan Brain Institute, United States; The Penn Lifespan Informatics and Neuroimaging Center, Department of Psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, United States
| | - Meichen Yu
- Indiana Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, Indiana University School of Medicine, United States
| | - Russell T Shinohara
- Penn Statistics in Imaging and Visualization Endeavor (PennSIVE), Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology, and Informatics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, 423 Guardian Dr, Philadelphia, PA 19104, United States; Center for Biomedical Image Computing and Analytics (CBICA), Perelman School of Medicine, United States
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6
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Durieux J, Rombouts SARB, de Vos F, Koini M, Wilderjans TF. Clusterwise Independent Component Analysis (C-ICA): Using fMRI resting state networks to cluster subjects and find neurofunctional subtypes. J Neurosci Methods 2022; 382:109718. [PMID: 36209940 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneumeth.2022.109718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2022] [Revised: 08/18/2022] [Accepted: 09/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND FMRI resting state networks (RSNs) are used to characterize brain disorders. They also show extensive heterogeneity across patients. Identifying systematic differences between RSNs in patients, i.e. discovering neurofunctional subtypes, may further increase our understanding of disease heterogeneity. Currently, no methodology is available to estimate neurofunctional subtypes and their associated RSNs simultaneously. NEW METHOD We present an unsupervised learning method for fMRI data, called Clusterwise Independent Component Analysis (C-ICA). This enables the clustering of patients into neurofunctional subtypes based on differences in shared ICA-derived RSNs. The parameters are estimated simultaneously, which leads to an improved estimation of subtypes and their associated RSNs. RESULTS In five simulation studies, the C-ICA model is successfully validated using both artificially and realistically simulated data (N = 30-40). The successful performance of the C-ICA model is also illustrated on an empirical data set consisting of Alzheimer's disease patients and elderly control subjects (N = 250). C-ICA is able to uncover a meaningful clustering that partially matches (balanced accuracy = .72) the diagnostic labels and identifies differences in RSNs between the Alzheimer and control cluster. COMPARISON WITH OTHER METHODS Both in the simulation study and the empirical application, C-ICA yields better results compared to competing clustering methods (i.e., a two step clustering procedure based on single subject ICA's and a Group ICA plus dual regression variant thereof) that do not simultaneously estimate a clustering and associated RSNs. Indeed, the overall mean adjusted Rand Index, a measure for cluster recovery, equals 0.65 for C-ICA and ranges from 0.27 to 0.46 for competing methods. CONCLUSIONS The successful performance of C-ICA indicates that it is a promising method to extract neurofunctional subtypes from multi-subject resting state-fMRI data. This method can be applied on fMRI scans of patient groups to study (neurofunctional) subtypes, which may eventually further increase understanding of disease heterogeneity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey Durieux
- Methodology and Statistics Unit, Institute of Psychology, Faculty of Social and Behavioural Sciences, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands; Leiden Institute for Brain and Cognition (LIBC), Leiden, The Netherlands; Econometric Institute, Erasmus University Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Serge A R B Rombouts
- Methodology and Statistics Unit, Institute of Psychology, Faculty of Social and Behavioural Sciences, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands; Leiden Institute for Brain and Cognition (LIBC), Leiden, The Netherlands; Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center, The Netherlands
| | - Frank de Vos
- Methodology and Statistics Unit, Institute of Psychology, Faculty of Social and Behavioural Sciences, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands; Leiden Institute for Brain and Cognition (LIBC), Leiden, The Netherlands; Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center, The Netherlands
| | - Marisa Koini
- Department of Neurology, Medical University of Graz, Austria
| | - Tom F Wilderjans
- Methodology and Statistics Unit, Institute of Psychology, Faculty of Social and Behavioural Sciences, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands; Leiden Institute for Brain and Cognition (LIBC), Leiden, The Netherlands; Research Group of Quantitative Psychology and Individual Differences, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; Department of Clinical Psychology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Netherlands
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7
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Roffet F, Delrieux C, Patow G. Assessing Multi-Site rs-fMRI-Based Connectomic Harmonization Using Information Theory. Brain Sci 2022; 12:brainsci12091219. [PMID: 36138956 PMCID: PMC9496818 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci12091219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2022] [Revised: 09/01/2022] [Accepted: 09/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Several harmonization techniques have recently been proposed for connectomics/networks derived from resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI) acquired at multiple sites. These techniques have the objective of mitigating site-specific biases that complicate its subsequent analysis and, therefore, compromise the quality of the results when these images are analyzed together. Thus, harmonization is indispensable when large cohorts are required in which the data obtained must be independent of the particular condition of each resonator, its make and model, its calibration, and other features or artifacts that may affect the significance of the acquisition. To date, no assessment of the actual efficacy of these harmonization techniques has been proposed. In this work, we apply recently introduced Information Theory tools to analyze the effectiveness of these techniques, developing a methodology that allows us to compare different harmonization models. We demonstrate the usefulness of this methodology by applying it to some of the most widespread harmonization frameworks and datasets. As a result, we are able to show that some of these techniques are indeed ineffective since the acquisition site can still be determined from the fMRI data after the processing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Facundo Roffet
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering (DIEC), Universidad Nacional del Sur, Bahía Blanca AR-B8000, Argentina
| | - Claudio Delrieux
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering (DIEC), Universidad Nacional del Sur and National Council for Scientific and Technical Research (CONICET), Bahía Blanca AR-B8000, Argentina
| | - Gustavo Patow
- ViRVIG, University of Girona, 17003 Girona, Spain
- Correspondence:
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8
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Kamishikiryo T, Okada G, Itai E, Masuda Y, Yokoyama S, Takamura M, Fuchikami M, Yoshino A, Mawatari K, Numata S, Takahashi A, Ohmori T, Okamoto Y. Left DLPFC activity is associated with plasma kynurenine levels and can predict treatment response to escitalopram in major depressive disorder. Psychiatry Clin Neurosci 2022; 76:367-376. [PMID: 35543406 PMCID: PMC9544423 DOI: 10.1111/pcn.13373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2021] [Revised: 03/16/2022] [Accepted: 04/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
AIM To establish treatment response biomarkers that reflect the pathophysiology of depression, it is important to use an integrated set of features. This study aimed to determine the relationship between regional brain activity at rest and blood metabolites related to treatment response to escitalopram to identify the characteristics of depression that respond to treatment. METHODS Blood metabolite levels and resting-state brain activity were measured in patients with moderate to severe depression (n = 65) before and after 6-8 weeks of treatment with escitalopram, and these were compared between Responders and Nonresponders to treatment. We then examined the relationship between blood metabolites and brain activity related to treatment responsiveness in patients and healthy controls (n = 36). RESULTS Thirty-two patients (49.2%) showed a clinical response (>50% reduction in the Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression score) and were classified as Responders, and the remaining 33 patients were classified as Nonresponders. The pretreatment fractional amplitude of low-frequency fluctuation (fALFF) value of the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) and plasma kynurenine levels were lower in Responders, and the rate of increase of both after treatment was correlated with an improvement in symptoms. Moreover, the fALFF value of the left DLPFC was significantly correlated with plasma kynurenine levels in pretreatment patients with depression and healthy controls. CONCLUSION Decreased resting-state regional activity of the left DLPFC and decreased plasma kynurenine levels may predict treatment response to escitalopram, suggesting that it may be involved in the pathophysiology of major depressive disorder in response to escitalopram treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toshiharu Kamishikiryo
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurosciences, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Go Okada
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurosciences, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Eri Itai
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurosciences, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Yoshikazu Masuda
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurosciences, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Satoshi Yokoyama
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurosciences, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Masahiro Takamura
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Shimane University, Izumo-shi, Japan
| | - Manabu Fuchikami
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurosciences, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Atsuo Yoshino
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurosciences, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Kazuaki Mawatari
- Department of Preventive Environment and Nutrition, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Shusuke Numata
- Department of Psychiatry, Institute of Biomedical Science, Tokushima University Graduate School, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Akira Takahashi
- Department of Preventive Environment and Nutrition, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Tetsuro Ohmori
- Department of Psychiatry, Institute of Biomedical Science, Tokushima University Graduate School, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Yasumasa Okamoto
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurosciences, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
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9
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Chen AA, Srinivasan D, Pomponio R, Fan Y, Nasrallah IM, Resnick SM, Beason-Held LL, Davatzikos C, Satterthwaite TD, Bassett DS, Shinohara RT, Shou H. Harmonizing functional connectivity reduces scanner effects in community detection. Neuroimage 2022; 256:119198. [PMID: 35421567 PMCID: PMC9202339 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2022.119198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2021] [Revised: 04/06/2022] [Accepted: 04/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Community detection on graphs constructed from functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) data has led to important insights into brain functional organization. Large studies of brain community structure often include images acquired on multiple scanners across different studies. Differences in scanner can introduce variability into the downstream results, and these differences are often referred to as scanner effects. Such effects have been previously shown to significantly impact common network metrics. In this study, we identify scanner effects in data-driven community detection results and related network metrics. We assess a commonly employed harmonization method and propose new methodology for harmonizing functional connectivity that leverage existing knowledge about network structure as well as patterns of covariance in the data. Finally, we demonstrate that our new methods reduce scanner effects in community structure and network metrics. Our results highlight scanner effects in studies of brain functional organization and provide additional tools to address these unwanted effects. These findings and methods can be incorporated into future functional connectivity studies, potentially preventing spurious findings and improving reliability of results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew A Chen
- Penn Statistics in Imaging and Visualization Center, Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology, and Informatics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Center for Biomedical Image Computing and Analytics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
| | - Dhivya Srinivasan
- Center for Biomedical Image Computing and Analytics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Raymond Pomponio
- Department of Biostatistics, Colorado School of Public Health, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Yong Fan
- Center for Biomedical Image Computing and Analytics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Ilya M Nasrallah
- Center for Biomedical Image Computing and Analytics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Susan M Resnick
- Laboratory of Behavioral Neuroscience, National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - Lori L Beason-Held
- Laboratory of Behavioral Neuroscience, National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - Christos Davatzikos
- Center for Biomedical Image Computing and Analytics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Theodore D Satterthwaite
- Penn Statistics in Imaging and Visualization Center, Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology, and Informatics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Center for Biomedical Image Computing and Analytics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Penn Lifespan Informatics & Neuroimaging Center, Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Dani S Bassett
- Department of Bioengineering, School of Engineering & Applied Science, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Department of Electrical & Systems Engineering, School of Engineering & Applied Science, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Department of Physics & Astronomy, College of Arts & Sciences, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Department of Nuerology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Department of Psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Santa Fe Institute, 1399 Hyde Park Rd, Santa Fe, NM 87501, USA
| | - Russell T Shinohara
- Penn Statistics in Imaging and Visualization Center, Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology, and Informatics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Center for Biomedical Image Computing and Analytics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Haochang Shou
- Penn Statistics in Imaging and Visualization Center, Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology, and Informatics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Center for Biomedical Image Computing and Analytics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
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Zhukovsky P, Wainberg M, Milic M, Tripathy SJ, Mulsant BH, Felsky D, Voineskos AN. Multiscale neural signatures of major depressive, anxiety, and stress-related disorders. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2022; 119:e2204433119. [PMID: 35648832 PMCID: PMC9191681 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2204433119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The extent of shared and distinct neural mechanisms underlying major depressive disorder (MDD), anxiety, and stress-related disorders is still unclear. We compared the neural signatures of these disorders in 5,405 UK Biobank patients and 21,727 healthy controls. We found the greatest case–control differences in resting-state functional connectivity and cortical thickness in MDD, followed by anxiety and stress-related disorders. Neural signatures for MDD and anxiety disorders were highly concordant, whereas stress-related disorders showed a distinct pattern. Controlling for cross-disorder genetic risk somewhat decreased the similarity between functional neural signatures of stress-related disorders and both MDD and anxiety disorders. Among cases and healthy controls, reduced within-network and increased between-network frontoparietal and default mode connectivity were associated with poorer cognitive performance (processing speed, attention, associative learning, and fluid intelligence). These results provide evidence for distinct neural circuit function impairments in MDD and anxiety disorders compared to stress disorders, yet cognitive impairment appears unrelated to diagnosis and varies with circuit function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Zhukovsky
- aCampbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON M5T 1R8, Canada
- bDepartment of Psychiatry, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5T 1R8, Canada
| | - Michael Wainberg
- aCampbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON M5T 1R8, Canada
| | - Milos Milic
- aCampbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON M5T 1R8, Canada
- bDepartment of Psychiatry, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5T 1R8, Canada
| | - Shreejoy J. Tripathy
- aCampbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON M5T 1R8, Canada
- bDepartment of Psychiatry, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5T 1R8, Canada
- cDepartment of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Benoit H. Mulsant
- aCampbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON M5T 1R8, Canada
- bDepartment of Psychiatry, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5T 1R8, Canada
- dInstitute of Medical Science, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Daniel Felsky
- aCampbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON M5T 1R8, Canada
- bDepartment of Psychiatry, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5T 1R8, Canada
- dInstitute of Medical Science, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada
- eDalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Aristotle N. Voineskos
- aCampbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON M5T 1R8, Canada
- bDepartment of Psychiatry, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5T 1R8, Canada
- 2To whom correspondence may be addressed.
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Ingalhalikar M, Shinde S, Karmarkar A, Rajan A, Rangaprakash D, Deshpande G. Functional Connectivity-Based Prediction of Autism on Site Harmonized ABIDE Dataset. IEEE Trans Biomed Eng 2021; 68:3628-3637. [PMID: 33989150 PMCID: PMC8696194 DOI: 10.1109/tbme.2021.3080259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The larger sample sizes available from multi-site publicly available neuroimaging data repositories makes machine-learning based diagnostic classification of mental disorders more feasible by alleviating the curse of dimensionality. However, since multi-site data are aggregated post-hoc, i.e. they were acquired from different scanners with different acquisition parameters, non-neural inter-site variability may mask inter-group differences that are at least in part neural in origin. Hence, the advantages gained by the larger sample size in the context of machine-learning based diagnostic classification may not be realized. METHODS We address this issue using harmonization of multi-site neuroimaging data using the ComBat technique, which is based on an empirical Bayes formulation to remove inter-site differences in data distributions, to improve diagnostic classification accuracy. Specifically, we demonstrate this using ABIDE (Autism Brain Imaging Data Exchange) multi-site data for classifying individuals with Autism from healthy controls using resting state fMRI-based functional connectivity data. RESULTS Our results show that higher classification accuracies across multiple classification models can be obtained (especially for models based on artificial neural networks) from multi-site data post harmonization with the ComBat technique as compared to without harmonization, outperforming earlier results from existing studies using ABIDE. Furthermore, our network ablation analysis facilitated important insights into autism spectrum disorder pathology and the connectivity in networks shown to be important for classification covaried with verbal communication impairments in Autism. CONCLUSION Multi-site data harmonization using ComBat improves neuroimaging-based diagnostic classification of mental disorders. SIGNIFICANCE ComBat has the potential to make AI-based clinical decision-support systems more feasible in psychiatry.
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Rommal A, Vo A, Schindlbeck KA, Greuel A, Ruppert MC, Eggers C, Eidelberg D. Parkinson's disease-related pattern (PDRP) identified using resting-state functional MRI: Validation study. NEUROIMAGE: REPORTS 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ynirp.2021.100026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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13
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Autio JA, Zhu Q, Li X, Glasser MF, Schwiedrzik CM, Fair DA, Zimmermann J, Yacoub E, Menon RS, Van Essen DC, Hayashi T, Russ B, Vanduffel W. Minimal specifications for non-human primate MRI: Challenges in standardizing and harmonizing data collection. Neuroimage 2021; 236:118082. [PMID: 33882349 PMCID: PMC8594288 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2021.118082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2020] [Revised: 02/16/2021] [Accepted: 04/07/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent methodological advances in MRI have enabled substantial growth in neuroimaging studies of non-human primates (NHPs), while open data-sharing through the PRIME-DE initiative has increased the availability of NHP MRI data and the need for robust multi-subject multi-center analyses. Streamlined acquisition and analysis protocols would accelerate and improve these efforts. However, consensus on minimal standards for data acquisition protocols and analysis pipelines for NHP imaging remains to be established, particularly for multi-center studies. Here, we draw parallels between NHP and human neuroimaging and provide minimal guidelines for harmonizing and standardizing data acquisition. We advocate robust translation of widely used open-access toolkits that are well established for analyzing human data. We also encourage the use of validated, automated pre-processing tools for analyzing NHP data sets. These guidelines aim to refine methodological and analytical strategies for small and large-scale NHP neuroimaging data. This will improve reproducibility of results, and accelerate the convergence between NHP and human neuroimaging strategies which will ultimately benefit fundamental and translational brain science.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joonas A Autio
- Laboratory for Brain Connectomics Imaging, RIKEN Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research, Kobe, Japan.
| | - Qi Zhu
- Laboratory for Neuro- and Psychophysiology, Department of Neurosciences, KU Leuven Medical School, Leuven 3000, Belgium; Cognitive Neuroimaging Unit, INSERM, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, NeuroSpin Center, 91191 Gif/Yvette, France
| | - Xiaolian Li
- Laboratory for Neuro- and Psychophysiology, Department of Neurosciences, KU Leuven Medical School, Leuven 3000, Belgium
| | - Matthew F Glasser
- Departments of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA; Departments of Neuroscience, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Caspar M Schwiedrzik
- Neural Circuits and Cognition Lab, European Neuroscience Institute Göttingen - A Joint Initiative of the University Medical Center Göttingen and the Max Planck Society, Grisebachstraße 5, 37077 Göttingen, Germany; Perception and Plasticity Group, German Primate Center - Leibniz Institute for Primate Research, Kellnerweg 4, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Damien A Fair
- Center for Magnetic Resonance Research, Department of Radiology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Jan Zimmermann
- Center for Magnetic Resonance Research, Department of Radiology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Essa Yacoub
- Center for Magnetic Resonance Research, Department of Radiology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Ravi S Menon
- Centre for Functional and Metabolic Mapping, Western University, London, ON, Canada
| | - David C Van Essen
- Departments of Neuroscience, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Takuya Hayashi
- Laboratory for Brain Connectomics Imaging, RIKEN Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research, Kobe, Japan
| | - Brian Russ
- Department of Psychiatry, New York University Langone, New York City, New York, USA; Center for the Biomedical Imaging and Neuromodulation, Nathan Kline Institute, Orangeburg, New York, USA; Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine, Mount Sinai, New York City, New York, USA
| | - Wim Vanduffel
- Laboratory for Neuro- and Psychophysiology, Department of Neurosciences, KU Leuven Medical School, Leuven 3000, Belgium; Leuven Brain Institute, KU Leuven, Leuven 3000, Belgium; Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA; Department of Radiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02144, USA
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Interactive effects of the APOE and BDNF polymorphisms on functional brain connectivity: the Tasmanian Healthy Brain Project. Sci Rep 2021; 11:14514. [PMID: 34267235 PMCID: PMC8282840 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-93610-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2020] [Accepted: 06/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging measures pathological alterations in neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer’s disease. Disruption in functional connectivity may be a potential biomarker of ageing and early brain changes associated with AD-related genes, such as APOE and BDNF. The objective of this study was to identify group differences in resting-state networks between individuals with BDNF Val66Met and APOE polymorphisms in cognitively healthy older persons. Dual regression following Independent Components Analysis were performed to examine differences associated with these polymorphisms. APOE ε3 homozygotes showed stronger functional connectivity than APOE ε4 carriers. Males showed stronger functional connectivity between the Default Mode Network (DMN) and grey matter premotor cortex, while females showed stronger functional connectivity between the executive network and lateral occipital cortex and parahippocampal gyrus. Additionally, we found that with increasing cognitive reserve, functional connectivity increased within the Dorsal Attention Network (DAN), but decreased within the DMN. Interaction effects indicated stronger functional connectivity in Met/ε3 carriers than in Met/ε4 and Val/ε4 within both the DMN and DAN. APOE/BDNF interactions may therefore influence the integrity of functional brain connections in older adults, and may underlie a vulnerable phenotype for subsequent Alzheimer’s-type dementia.
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Menara T, Lisi G, Pasqualetti F, Cortese A. Brain network dynamics fingerprints are resilient to data heterogeneity. J Neural Eng 2020; 18:026004. [PMID: 33361552 DOI: 10.1088/1741-2552/abd684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT Large multi-site neuroimaging datasets have significantly advanced our quest to understand brain-behavior relationships and to develop biomarkers of psychiatric and neurodegenerative disorders. Yet, such data collections come at a cost, as the inevitable differences across samples may lead to biased or erroneous conclusions. OBJECTIVE We aim to validate the estimation of individual brain network dynamics fingerprints and appraise sources of variability in large resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI) datasets by providing a novel point of view based on data-driven dynamical models. APPROACH Previous work has investigated this critical issue in terms of effects on static measures, such as functional connectivity and brain parcellations. Here, we utilize dynamical models (Hidden Markov models - HMM) to examine how diverse scanning factors in multi-site fMRI recordings affect our ability to infer the brain's spatiotemporal wandering between large-scale networks of activity. Specifically, we leverage a stable HMM trained on the Human Connectome Project (homogeneous) dataset, which we then apply to an heterogeneous dataset of traveling subjects scanned under a multitude of conditions. MAIN RESULTS Building upon this premise, we first replicate previous work on the emergence of non-random sequences of brain states. We next highlight how these time-varying brain activity patterns are robust subject-specific fingerprints. Finally, we suggest these fingerprints may be used to assess which scanning factors induce high variability in the data. SIGNIFICANCE These results demonstrate that we can i) use large scale dataset to train models that can be then used to interrogate subject-specific data, ii) recover the unique trajectories of brain activity changes in each individual, but also iii) urge caution as our ability to infer such patterns is affected by how, where and when we do so.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tommaso Menara
- Bourns College of Engineering, University of California Riverside, 900 University Ave, Riverside, California, 92521, UNITED STATES
| | - Giuseppe Lisi
- Nagoya Institute of Technology, Gokiso-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi, 466-8555, JAPAN
| | - Fabio Pasqualetti
- Bourns College of Engineering, University of California Riverside, 900 University Ave, Riverside, California, 92521, UNITED STATES
| | - Aurelio Cortese
- Computational Neuroscience Laboratories, Advanced Telecommunications Research Institute International, 2-2-2 Hikaridai, Seika-cho, Soraku-gun, Kyoto, 619-0288, JAPAN
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Kumar R, Tan L, Kriegstein A, Lithen A, Polimeni JR, Mujica-Parodi LR, Strey HH. Ground-truth "resting-state" signal provides data-driven estimation and correction for scanner distortion of fMRI time-series dynamics. Neuroimage 2020; 227:117584. [PMID: 33285328 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2020.117584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2020] [Revised: 11/13/2020] [Accepted: 11/18/2020] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The fMRI community has made great strides in decoupling neuronal activity from other physiologically induced T2* changes, using sensors that provide a ground-truth with respect to cardiac, respiratory, and head movement dynamics. However, blood oxygenation level-dependent (BOLD) time-series dynamics are also confounded by scanner artifacts, in complex ways that can vary not only between scanners but even, for the same scanner, between sessions. Unfortunately, the lack of an equivalent ground truth for BOLD time-series has thus far stymied the development of reliable methods for identification and removal of scanner-induced noise, a problem that we have previously shown to severely impact detection sensitivity of resting-state brain networks. To address this problem, we first designed and built a phantom capable of providing dynamic signals equivalent to that of the resting-state brain. Using the dynamic phantom, we then compared the ground-truth time-series with its measured fMRI data. Using these, we introduce data-quality metrics: Standardized Signal-to-Noise Ratio (ST-SNR) and Dynamic Fidelity that, unlike currently used measures such as temporal SNR (tSNR), can be directly compared across scanners. Dynamic phantom data acquired from four "best-case" scenarios: high-performance scanners with MR-physicist-optimized acquisition protocols, still showed scanner instability/multiplicative noise contributions of about 6-18% of the total noise. We further measured strong non-linearity in the fMRI response for all scanners, ranging between 8-19% of total voxels. To correct scanner distortion of fMRI time-series dynamics at a single-subject level, we trained a convolutional neural network (CNN) on paired sets of measured vs. ground-truth data. The CNN learned the unique features of each session's noise, providing a customized temporal filter. Tests on dynamic phantom time-series showed a 4- to 7-fold increase in ST-SNR and about 40-70% increase in Dynamic Fidelity after denoising, with CNN denoising outperforming both the temporal bandpass filtering and denoising using Marchenko-Pastur principal component analysis. Critically, we observed that the CNN temporal denoising pushes ST-SNR to a regime where signal power is higher than that of noise (ST-SNR > 1). Denoising human-data with ground-truth-trained CNN, in turn, showed markedly increased detection sensitivity of resting-state networks. These were visible even at the level of the single-subject, as required for clinical applications of fMRI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajat Kumar
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Stony Brook University, School of Medicine, Stony Brook, NY 11794-5281, USA
| | - Liang Tan
- ALA Scientific Instruments, Inc., Farmingdale, NY, USA
| | | | - Andrew Lithen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Stony Brook University, School of Medicine, Stony Brook, NY 11794-5281, USA
| | - Jonathan R Polimeni
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Harvard Medical, School, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA, USA; Harvard-Massachusetts Institute of Technology Division of Health Sciences and Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Lilianne R Mujica-Parodi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Stony Brook University, School of Medicine, Stony Brook, NY 11794-5281, USA; Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Harvard Medical, School, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA, USA; Laufer Center for Physical and Quantitative Biology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA.
| | - Helmut H Strey
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Stony Brook University, School of Medicine, Stony Brook, NY 11794-5281, USA; Laufer Center for Physical and Quantitative Biology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA.
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17
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Alahmadi AAS. Effects of different smoothing on global and regional resting functional connectivity. Neuroradiology 2020; 63:99-109. [PMID: 32840683 DOI: 10.1007/s00234-020-02523-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2020] [Accepted: 08/13/2020] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Spatial smoothing is an essential pre-processing step in the process of analysing functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) data, both during an experimental task or during resting-state fMRI (rsfMRI). The main benefit of this spatial smoothing step is to artificially increase the signal-to-noise ratio of the fMRI signal. Previous fMRI studies have investigated the impact of spatial smoothing on task fMRI data, while rsfMRI studies usually apply the same analytical process used for the task data. However, this study investigates changes in different rsfMRI analyses, such as ROI-to-ROI, seed-to-voxels and ICA analyses. METHODS Nineteen healthy volunteers were scanned using rsfMRI with three applied smoothing kernels: 0 mm, 4 mm and 8 mm. Appropriate statistical comparisons were made. RESULTS The findings showed that spatial smoothing has a greater effect on rsfMRI data when analysed using seed-to-voxel-based analysis. The effect was less pronounced when analysing data using ROI-ROI or ICA analyses. The results demonstrated that even when analysing the data without the application of spatial smoothing, the results were significant compared with data analysed using a typical smoothing kernel. However, data analysed with lower-smoothing kernels produced greater negative correlations, particularly with the ICA analysis. CONCLUSION The results suggest that a medium smoothing kernel (around 4 mm) may be preferable, as it is comparable with the 8 mm kernel in all of the analyses performed. It is also recommended that the researchers consider analysing the data using two different smoothing kernels, as this will help to confirm the significance of the results and avoid overestimating the findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adnan A S Alahmadi
- Department of Radiologic Sciences, College of Applied Medical Science, King Abdulaziz University (KAU), Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
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18
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de Vos F, Schouten TM, Koini M, Bouts MJRJ, Feis RA, Lechner A, Schmidt R, van Buchem MA, Verhey FRJ, Olde Rikkert MGM, Scheltens P, de Rooij M, van der Grond J, Rombouts SARB. Pre-trained MRI-based Alzheimer's disease classification models to classify memory clinic patients. NEUROIMAGE-CLINICAL 2020; 27:102303. [PMID: 32554321 PMCID: PMC7303669 DOI: 10.1016/j.nicl.2020.102303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2019] [Revised: 05/29/2020] [Accepted: 05/30/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Multimodal MRI AD classification models were pre-trained on AD patients and controls. Generalisation of these models was tested on a multi-centre memory clinic data set. AD scores were assigned to AD patients, MCI patients and memory complainers. Anatomical MRI performed better than diffusion MRI and resting state fMRI. Combining imaging modalities did not improve the results over anatomical MRI only.
Anatomical magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), diffusion MRI and resting state functional MRI (rs-fMRI) have been used for Alzheimer’s disease (AD) classification. These scans are typically used to build models for discriminating AD patients from control subjects, but it is not clear if these models can also discriminate AD in diverse clinical populations as found in memory clinics. To study this, we trained MRI-based AD classification models on a single centre data set consisting of AD patients (N = 76) and controls (N = 173), and used these models to assign AD scores to subjective memory complainers (N = 67), mild cognitive impairment (MCI) patients (N = 61), and AD patients (N = 61) from a multi-centre memory clinic data set. The anatomical MRI scans were used to calculate grey matter density, subcortical volumes and cortical thickness, the diffusion MRI scans were used to calculate fractional anisotropy, mean, axial and radial diffusivity, and the rs-fMRI scans were used to calculate functional connectivity between resting state networks and amplitude of low frequency fluctuations. Within the multi-centre memory clinic data set we removed scan site differences prior to applying the models. For all models, on average, the AD patients were assigned the highest AD scores, followed by MCI patients, and later followed by SMC subjects. The anatomical MRI models performed best, and the best performing anatomical MRI measure was grey matter density, separating SMC subjects from MCI patients with an AUC of 0.69, MCI patients from AD patients with an AUC of 0.70, and SMC patients from AD patients with an AUC of 0.86. The diffusion MRI models did not generalise well to the memory clinic data, possibly because of large scan site differences. The functional connectivity model separated SMC subjects and MCI patients relatively good (AUC = 0.66). The multimodal MRI model did not improve upon the anatomical MRI model. In conclusion, we showed that the grey matter density model generalises best to memory clinic subjects. When also considering the fact that grey matter density generally performs well in AD classification studies, this feature is probably the best MRI-based feature for AD diagnosis in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frank de Vos
- Institute of Psychology, Leiden University, the Netherlands; Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center, the Netherlands; Leiden Institute for Brain and Cognition, the Netherlands.
| | - Tijn M Schouten
- Institute of Psychology, Leiden University, the Netherlands; Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center, the Netherlands; Leiden Institute for Brain and Cognition, the Netherlands
| | - Marisa Koini
- Department of Neurology, Medical University of Graz, Austria
| | - Mark J R J Bouts
- Institute of Psychology, Leiden University, the Netherlands; Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center, the Netherlands; Leiden Institute for Brain and Cognition, the Netherlands
| | - Rogier A Feis
- Institute of Psychology, Leiden University, the Netherlands; Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center, the Netherlands; Leiden Institute for Brain and Cognition, the Netherlands
| | - Anita Lechner
- Department of Neurology, Medical University of Graz, Austria
| | | | - Mark A van Buchem
- Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center, the Netherlands
| | - Frans R J Verhey
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, School for Mental Health and Neuroscience (MHeNS), Alzheimer Centrum Limburg, Maastricht University, the Netherlands
| | - Marcel G M Olde Rikkert
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Radboudumc Alzheimer Centre, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Department of Geriatric Medicine, Radboudumc Alzheimer Centre, Donders Institute for Medical Neurosciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Philip Scheltens
- Department of Neurology, Alzheimer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Mark de Rooij
- Institute of Psychology, Leiden University, the Netherlands; Leiden Institute for Brain and Cognition, the Netherlands
| | | | - Serge A R B Rombouts
- Institute of Psychology, Leiden University, the Netherlands; Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center, the Netherlands; Leiden Institute for Brain and Cognition, the Netherlands
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Denoising scanner effects from multimodal MRI data using linked independent component analysis. Neuroimage 2020; 208:116388. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2019.116388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2019] [Revised: 11/14/2019] [Accepted: 11/20/2019] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
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20
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Nakano T, Takamura M, Ichikawa N, Okada G, Okamoto Y, Yamada M, Suhara T, Yamawaki S, Yoshimoto J. Enhancing Multi-Center Generalization of Machine Learning-Based Depression Diagnosis From Resting-State fMRI. Front Psychiatry 2020; 11:400. [PMID: 32547427 PMCID: PMC7270328 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2020.00400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2019] [Accepted: 04/20/2020] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Resting-state fMRI has the potential to help doctors detect abnormal behavior in brain activity and to diagnose patients with depression. However, resting-state fMRI has a bias depending on the scanner site, which makes it difficult to diagnose depression at a new site. In this paper, we propose methods to improve the performance of the diagnosis of major depressive disorder (MDD) at an independent site by reducing the site bias effects using regression. For this, we used a subgroup of healthy subjects of the independent site to regress out site bias. We further improved the classification performance of patients with depression by focusing on melancholic depressive disorder. Our proposed methods would be useful to apply depression classifiers to subjects at completely new sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takashi Nakano
- Division of Information Science, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, Ikoma, Japan
| | - Masahiro Takamura
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurosciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Naho Ichikawa
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurosciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Go Okada
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurosciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Yasumasa Okamoto
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurosciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Makiko Yamada
- Institute of Quantum Life Science, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, Chiba, Japan.,Department of Functional Brain Imaging, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, Chiba, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Suhara
- Institute of Quantum Life Science, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, Chiba, Japan
| | - Shigeto Yamawaki
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurosciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Junichiro Yoshimoto
- Division of Information Science, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, Ikoma, Japan
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Feis RA, Bouts MJRJ, Dopper EGP, Filippini N, Heise V, Trachtenberg AJ, van Swieten JC, van Buchem MA, van der Grond J, Mackay CE, Rombouts SARB. Multimodal MRI of grey matter, white matter, and functional connectivity in cognitively healthy mutation carriers at risk for frontotemporal dementia and Alzheimer's disease. BMC Neurol 2019; 19:343. [PMID: 31881858 PMCID: PMC6933911 DOI: 10.1186/s12883-019-1567-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2019] [Accepted: 12/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Frontotemporal dementia (FTD) and Alzheimer's disease (AD) are associated with divergent differences in grey matter volume, white matter diffusion, and functional connectivity. However, it is unknown at what disease stage these differences emerge. Here, we investigate whether divergent differences in grey matter volume, white matter diffusion, and functional connectivity are already apparent between cognitively healthy carriers of pathogenic FTD mutations, and cognitively healthy carriers at increased AD risk. METHODS We acquired multimodal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) brain scans in cognitively healthy subjects with (n=39) and without (n=36) microtubule-associated protein Tau (MAPT) or progranulin (GRN) mutations, and with (n=37) and without (n=38) apolipoprotein E ε4 (APOE4) allele. We evaluated grey matter volume using voxel-based morphometry, white matter diffusion using tract-based spatial statistics (TBSS), and region-to-network functional connectivity using dual regression in the default mode network and salience network. We tested for differences between the respective carriers and controls, as well as for divergence of those differences. For the divergence contrast, we additionally performed region-of-interest TBSS analyses in known areas of white matter diffusion differences between FTD and AD (i.e., uncinate fasciculus, forceps minor, and anterior thalamic radiation). RESULTS MAPT/GRN carriers did not differ from controls in any modality. APOE4 carriers had lower fractional anisotropy than controls in the callosal splenium and right inferior fronto-occipital fasciculus, but did not show grey matter volume or functional connectivity differences. We found no divergent differences between both carrier-control contrasts in any modality, even in region-of-interest analyses. CONCLUSIONS Concluding, we could not find differences suggestive of divergent pathways of underlying FTD and AD pathology in asymptomatic risk mutation carriers. Future studies should focus on asymptomatic mutation carriers that are closer to symptom onset to capture the first specific signs that may differentiate between FTD and AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rogier A. Feis
- Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, The Netherlands
- FMRIB, Oxford Centre for Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging of the Brain, Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- LIBC, Leiden Institute for Brain and Cognition, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Mark J. R. J. Bouts
- Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, The Netherlands
- LIBC, Leiden Institute for Brain and Cognition, Leiden, The Netherlands
- Institute of Psychology, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Elise G. P. Dopper
- Department of Neurology, Erasmus Medical Centre, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Nicola Filippini
- FMRIB, Oxford Centre for Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging of the Brain, Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Verena Heise
- FMRIB, Oxford Centre for Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging of the Brain, Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Aaron J. Trachtenberg
- FMRIB, Oxford Centre for Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging of the Brain, Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | | | - Mark A. van Buchem
- Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, The Netherlands
- LIBC, Leiden Institute for Brain and Cognition, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Jeroen van der Grond
- Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Clare E. Mackay
- FMRIB, Oxford Centre for Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging of the Brain, Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Serge A. R. B. Rombouts
- Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, The Netherlands
- LIBC, Leiden Institute for Brain and Cognition, Leiden, The Netherlands
- Institute of Psychology, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands
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22
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Uncovering multi-site identifiability based on resting-state functional connectomes. Neuroimage 2019; 202:115967. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2019.06.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2018] [Revised: 04/18/2019] [Accepted: 06/19/2019] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
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23
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Panman JL, To YY, van der Ende EL, Poos JM, Jiskoot LC, Meeter LHH, Dopper EGP, Bouts MJRJ, van Osch MJP, Rombouts SARB, van Swieten JC, van der Grond J, Papma JM, Hafkemeijer A. Bias Introduced by Multiple Head Coils in MRI Research: An 8 Channel and 32 Channel Coil Comparison. Front Neurosci 2019; 13:729. [PMID: 31379483 PMCID: PMC6648353 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2019.00729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2019] [Accepted: 06/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuroimaging MRI data in scientific research is increasingly pooled, but the reliability of such studies may be hampered by the use of different hardware elements. This might introduce bias, for example when cross-sectional studies pool data acquired with different head coils, or when longitudinal clinical studies change head coils halfway. In the present study, we aimed to estimate this possible bias introduced by using different head coils to create awareness and to avoid misinterpretation of results. We acquired, with both an 8 channel and 32 channel head coil, T1-weighted, diffusion tensor imaging and resting state fMRI images at 3T MRI (Philips Achieva) with stable acquisition parameters in a large group of cognitively healthy participants (n = 77). Standard analysis methods, i.e., voxel-based morphometry, tract-based spatial statistics and resting state functional network analyses, were used in a within-subject design to compare 8 and 32 channel head coil data. Signal-to-noise ratios (SNR) for both head coils showed similar ranges, although the 32 channel SNR profile was more homogeneous. Our data demonstrates specific patterns of gray and white matter volume differences between head coils (relative volume change of 6 to 9%), related to altered image contrast and therefore, altered tissue segmentation. White matter connectivity (fractional anisotropy and diffusivity measures) showed hemispherical dependent differences between head coils (relative connectivity change of 4 to 6%), and functional connectivity in resting state networks was higher using the 32 channel head coil in posterior cortical areas (relative change up to 27.5%). This study shows that, even when acquisition protocols are harmonized, the results of standardized analysis models can be severely affected by the use of different head coils. Researchers should be aware of this when combining multiple neuroimaging MRI datasets, to prevent coil-related bias and avoid misinterpretation of their findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica L Panman
- Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands.,Department of Neurology, Erasmus University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Yang Yang To
- Department of Neurology, Erasmus University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Emma L van der Ende
- Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands.,Department of Neurology, Erasmus University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Jackie M Poos
- Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands.,Department of Neurology, Erasmus University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Lize C Jiskoot
- Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands.,Department of Neurology, Erasmus University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Lieke H H Meeter
- Department of Neurology, Erasmus University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Elise G P Dopper
- Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands.,Department of Neurology, Erasmus University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Mark J R J Bouts
- Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands.,Department of Methodology and Statistics, Institute of Psychology, Leiden University, Leiden, Netherlands.,Leiden Institute for Brain and Cognition, Leiden University, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Matthias J P van Osch
- Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands.,Leiden Institute for Brain and Cognition, Leiden University, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Serge A R B Rombouts
- Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands.,Department of Methodology and Statistics, Institute of Psychology, Leiden University, Leiden, Netherlands.,Leiden Institute for Brain and Cognition, Leiden University, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - John C van Swieten
- Department of Neurology, Erasmus University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | | | - Janne M Papma
- Department of Neurology, Erasmus University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Anne Hafkemeijer
- Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands.,Department of Methodology and Statistics, Institute of Psychology, Leiden University, Leiden, Netherlands.,Leiden Institute for Brain and Cognition, Leiden University, Leiden, Netherlands
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24
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Spectral entropy indicates electrophysiological and hemodynamic changes in drug-resistant epilepsy - A multimodal MREG study. NEUROIMAGE-CLINICAL 2019; 22:101763. [PMID: 30927607 PMCID: PMC6444290 DOI: 10.1016/j.nicl.2019.101763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2018] [Revised: 02/01/2019] [Accepted: 03/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Objective Epilepsy causes measurable irregularity over a range of brain signal frequencies, as well as autonomic nervous system functions that modulate heart and respiratory rate variability. Imaging dynamic neuronal signals utilizing simultaneously acquired ultra-fast 10 Hz magnetic resonance encephalography (MREG), direct current electroencephalography (DC-EEG), and near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) can provide a more comprehensive picture of human brain function. Spectral entropy (SE) is a nonlinear method to summarize signal power irregularity over measured frequencies. SE was used as a joint measure to study whether spectral signal irregularity over a range of brain signal frequencies based on synchronous multimodal brain signals could provide new insights in the neural underpinnings of epileptiform activity. Methods Ten patients with focal drug-resistant epilepsy (DRE) and ten healthy controls (HC) were scanned with 10 Hz MREG sequence in combination with EEG, NIRS (measuring oxygenated, deoxygenated, and total hemoglobin: HbO, Hb, and HbT, respectively), and cardiorespiratory signals. After pre-processing, voxelwise SEMREG was estimated from MREG data. Different neurophysiological and physiological subfrequency band signals were further estimated from MREG, DC-EEG, and NIRS: fullband (0–5 Hz, FB), near FB (0.08–5 Hz, NFB), brain pulsations in very-low (0.009–0.08 Hz, VLFP), respiratory (0.12–0.4 Hz, RFP), and cardiac (0.7–1.6 Hz, CFP) frequency bands. Global dynamic fluctuations in MREG and NIRS were analyzed in windows of 2 min with 50% overlap. Results Right thalamus, cingulate gyrus, inferior frontal gyrus, and frontal pole showed significantly higher SEMREG in DRE patients compared to HC. In DRE patients, SE of cortical Hb was significantly reduced in FB (p = .045), NFB (p = .017), and CFP (p = .038), while both HbO and HbT were significantly reduced in RFP (p = .038, p = .045, respectively). Dynamic SE of HbT was reduced in DRE patients in RFP during minutes 2 to 6. Fitting to the frontal MREG and NIRS results, DRE patients showed a significant increase in SEEEG in FB in fronto-central and parieto-occipital regions, in VLFP in parieto-central region, accompanied with a significant decrease in RFP in frontal pole and parietal and occipital (O2, Oz) regions. Conclusion This is the first study to show altered spectral entropy from synchronous MREG, EEG, and NIRS in DRE patients. Higher SEMREG in DRE patients in anterior cingulate gyrus together with SEEEG and SENIRS results in 0.12–0.4 Hz can be linked to altered parasympathetic function and respiratory pulsations in the brain. Higher SEMREG in thalamus in DRE patients is connected to disturbances in anatomical and functional connections in epilepsy. Findings suggest that spectral irregularity of both electrophysiological and hemodynamic signals are altered in specific way depending on the physiological frequency range. Simultaneous imaging methods indicate spectral irregularity in neurovascular and electrophysiological brain pulsations in DRE. Altered spectral entropy in EEG, NIRS and BOLD indicate dysfunctional brain pulsations in respiratory frequency in epilepsy. Spectral irregularity (0-5 Hz) of BOLD in right thalamus supports previous structural and functional findings in epilepsy.
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25
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Mahmoudi M, Shamsi M. Multi-class EEG classification of motor imagery signal by finding optimal time segments and features using SNR-based mutual information. AUSTRALASIAN PHYSICAL & ENGINEERING SCIENCES IN MEDICINE 2018; 41:957-972. [PMID: 30338495 DOI: 10.1007/s13246-018-0691-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2018] [Accepted: 10/01/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
The electroencephalogram signals are used to distinguish different motor imagery tasks in brain-computer interfaces. In most studies, in order to classify the EEG signals recorded in a cue-guided BCI paradigm, time segments for feature extraction after the onset of the visual cue were selected manually. In addition, in these studies the authors have selected a single identical time segment for different subjects. The present study emphasized on the inter-individual variability and difference between different motor imagery tasks as the potential source of erroneous results and used mutual information and the subject specific time interval to overcome this problem. More specifically, a new method was proposed to automatically find the best subject specific time intervals for the classification of four-class motor imagery tasks by using MI between the BCI input and output. Moreover, the signal-to-noise ratio was used to calculate the MI values, while the MI values were used as feature selection criteria to select the discriminative features. The time segments and the best discriminative features were found by using training data and used to assess the evaluation data. Furthermore, the CSP algorithm was used to extract signal features. The dataset 2A of BCI competition IV used in this study consisted of four different motor imagery signals, which were obtained from nine different subjects. One Vs One decomposition scheme was used to deal with the multi-class nature of the problem. The MI values showed that the obtained time segments not only varied between different subjects but also varied between different classifiers of different pair of classes. Finally, the results suggested that the proposed method was efficient in classifying multi-class motor imagery signals as compared to other classification strategies proposed by the other studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahmoud Mahmoudi
- Faculty of Biomedical Engineering, Sahand University of Technology, Sahand New Town, Tabriz, Iran.
| | - Mousa Shamsi
- Faculty of Biomedical Engineering, Sahand University of Technology, Sahand New Town, Tabriz, Iran
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26
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Multi-Channel Convolutional Neural Networks Architecture Feeding for Effective EEG Mental Tasks Classification. SENSORS 2018; 18:s18103451. [PMID: 30322205 PMCID: PMC6210443 DOI: 10.3390/s18103451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2018] [Revised: 09/14/2018] [Accepted: 10/11/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Mental tasks classification is increasingly recognized as a major challenge in the field of EEG signal processing and analysis. State-of-the-art approaches face the issue of spatially unstable structure of highly noised EEG signals. To address this problem, this paper presents a multi-channel convolutional neural network architecture with adaptively optimized parameters. Our solution outperforms alternative methods in terms of classification accuracy of mental tasks (imagination of hand movements and speech sounds generation) while providing high generalization capability (∼5%). Classification efficiency was obtained by using a frequency-domain multi-channel neural network feeding scheme by EEG signal frequency sub-bands analysis and architecture supporting feature mapping with two subsequent convolutional layers terminated with a fully connected layer. For dataset V from BCI Competition III, the method achieved an average classification accuracy level of nearly 70%, outperforming alternative methods. The solution presented applies a frequency domain for input data processed by a multi-channel architecture that isolates frequency sub-bands in time windows, which enables multi-class signal classification that is highly generalizable and more accurate (∼1.2%) than the existing solutions. Such an approach, combined with an appropriate learning strategy and parameters optimization, adapted to signal characteristics, outperforms reference single- or multi-channel networks, such as AlexNet, VGG-16 and Cecotti’s multi-channel NN. With the classification accuracy improvement of 1.2%, our solution is a clear advance as compared to the top three state-of-the-art methods, which achieved the result of no more than 0.3%.
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27
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Frontal EEG Temporal and Spectral Dynamics Similarity Analysis between Propofol and Desflurane Induced Anesthesia Using Hilbert-Huang Transform. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 2018:4939480. [PMID: 30112395 PMCID: PMC6077548 DOI: 10.1155/2018/4939480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2018] [Revised: 06/14/2018] [Accepted: 06/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Electroencephalogram (EEG) signal analysis is commonly employed to extract information on the brain dynamics. It mainly targets brain status and communication, thus providing potential to trace differences in the brain's activity under different anesthetics. In this article, two kinds of gamma-amino butyric acid (type A -GABAA) dependent anesthetic agents, propofol and desflurane (28 and 23 patients), were studied and compared with respect to EEG spectrogram dynamics. Hilbert-Huang Transform (HHT) was employed to compute the time varying spectrum for different anesthetic levels in comparison with Fourier based method. Results show that the HHT method generates consistent band power (slow and alpha) dominance pattern as Fourier method does, but exhibits higher concentrated power distribution within each frequency band than the Fourier method during both drugs induced unconsciousness. HHT also finds slow and theta bands peak frequency with better convergence by standard deviation (propofol-slow: 0.46 to 0.24; theta: 1.42 to 0.79; desflurane-slow: 0.30 to 0.25; theta: 1.42 to 0.98) and a shift to relatively lower values for alpha band (propofol: 9.94 Hz to 10.33 Hz, desflurane 8.44 Hz to 8.84 Hz) than Fourier one. For different stage comparisons, although HHT shows significant alpha power increases during unconsciousness stage as the Fourier did previously, it finds no significant high frequency (low gamma) band power difference in propofol whereas it does in desflurane. In addition, when comparing the HHT results within two groups during unconsciousness, high beta band power in propofol is significantly larger than that of desflurane while delta band power behaves oppositely. In conclusion, this study convincingly shows that EEG analyzed here considerably differs between the HHT and Fourier method.
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28
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Yu M, Linn KA, Cook PA, Phillips ML, McInnis M, Fava M, Trivedi MH, Weissman MM, Shinohara RT, Sheline YI. Statistical harmonization corrects site effects in functional connectivity measurements from multi-site fMRI data. Hum Brain Mapp 2018; 39:4213-4227. [PMID: 29962049 DOI: 10.1002/hbm.24241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 244] [Impact Index Per Article: 40.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2018] [Revised: 05/02/2018] [Accepted: 05/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Acquiring resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) datasets at multiple MRI scanners and clinical sites can improve statistical power and generalizability of results. However, multi-site neuroimaging studies have reported considerable nonbiological variability in fMRI measurements due to different scanner manufacturers and acquisition protocols. These undesirable sources of variability may limit power to detect effects of interest and may even result in erroneous findings. Until now, there has not been an approach that removes unwanted site effects. In this study, using a relatively large multi-site (4 sites) fMRI dataset, we investigated the impact of site effects on functional connectivity and network measures estimated by widely used connectivity metrics and brain parcellations. The protocols and image acquisition of the dataset used in this study had been homogenized using identical MRI phantom acquisitions from each of the neuroimaging sites; however, intersite acquisition effects were not completely eliminated. Indeed, in this study, we found that the magnitude of site effects depended on the choice of connectivity metric and brain atlas. Therefore, to further remove site effects, we applied ComBat, a harmonization technique previously shown to eliminate site effects in multi-site diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) and cortical thickness studies. In the current work, ComBat successfully removed site effects identified in connectivity and network measures and increased the power to detect age associations when using optimal combinations of connectivity metrics and brain atlases. Our proposed ComBat harmonization approach for fMRI-derived connectivity measures facilitates reliable and efficient analysis of retrospective and prospective multi-site fMRI neuroimaging studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meichen Yu
- Center for Neuromodulation in Depression and Stress, Department of Psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Kristin A Linn
- Center for Neuromodulation in Depression and Stress, Department of Psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.,Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology, and Informatics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Philip A Cook
- Center for Neuromodulation in Depression and Stress, Department of Psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.,Department of Radiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Mary L Phillips
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Melvin McInnis
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Maurizio Fava
- Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Madhukar H Trivedi
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas
| | - Myrna M Weissman
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University College of Physicians & Surgeons, New York, New York.,Division of Epidemiology, New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, New York.,Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, New York
| | - Russell T Shinohara
- Center for Neuromodulation in Depression and Stress, Department of Psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.,Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology, and Informatics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Yvette I Sheline
- Center for Neuromodulation in Depression and Stress, Department of Psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.,Department of Radiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.,Department of Neurology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
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Embedding Dimension Selection for Adaptive Singular Spectrum Analysis of EEG Signal. SENSORS 2018; 18:s18030697. [PMID: 29495415 PMCID: PMC5877194 DOI: 10.3390/s18030697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2018] [Revised: 02/14/2018] [Accepted: 02/22/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The recorded electroencephalography (EEG) signal is often contaminated with different kinds of artifacts and noise. Singular spectrum analysis (SSA) is a powerful tool for extracting the brain rhythm from a noisy EEG signal. By analyzing the frequency characteristics of the reconstructed component (RC) and the change rate in the trace of the Toeplitz matrix, it is demonstrated that the embedding dimension is related to the frequency bandwidth of each reconstructed component, in consistence with the component mixing in the singular value decomposition step. A method for selecting the embedding dimension is thereby proposed and verified by simulated EEG signal based on the Markov Process Amplitude (MPA) EEG Model. Real EEG signal is also collected from the experimental subjects under both eyes-open and eyes-closed conditions. The experimental results show that based on the embedding dimension selection method, the alpha rhythm can be extracted from the real EEG signal by the adaptive SSA, which can be effectively utilized to distinguish between the eyes-open and eyes-closed states.
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30
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Franzmeier N, Caballero MÁA, Taylor ANW, Simon-Vermot L, Buerger K, Ertl-Wagner B, Mueller C, Catak C, Janowitz D, Baykara E, Gesierich B, Duering M, Ewers M. Resting-state global functional connectivity as a biomarker of cognitive reserve in mild cognitive impairment. Brain Imaging Behav 2018; 11:368-382. [PMID: 27709513 DOI: 10.1007/s11682-016-9599-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Cognitive reserve (CR) shows protective effects in Alzheimer's disease (AD) and reduces the risk of dementia. Despite the clinical significance of CR, a clinically useful diagnostic biomarker of brain changes underlying CR in AD is not available yet. Our aim was to develop a fully-automated approach applied to fMRI to produce a biomarker associated with CR in subjects at increased risk of AD. We computed resting-state global functional connectivity (GFC), i.e. the average connectivity strength, for each voxel within the cognitive control network, which may sustain CR due to its central role in higher cognitive function. In a training sample including 43 mild cognitive impairment (MCI) subjects and 24 healthy controls (HC), we found that MCI subjects with high CR (> median of years of education, CR+) showed increased frequency of high GFC values compared to MCI-CR- and HC. A summary index capturing such a surplus frequency of high GFC was computed (called GFC reserve (GFC-R) index). GFC-R discriminated MCI-CR+ vs. MCI-CR-, with the area under the ROC = 0.84. Cross-validation in an independently recruited test sample of 23 MCI subjects showed that higher levels of the GFC-R index predicted higher years of education and an alternative questionnaire-based proxy of CR, controlled for memory performance, gray matter of the cognitive control network, white matter hyperintensities, age, and gender. In conclusion, the GFC-R index that captures GFC changes within the cognitive control network provides a biomarker candidate of functional brain changes of CR in patients at increased risk of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Franzmeier
- Institut für Schlaganfall-und Demenzforschung (ISD), Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität LMU, Klinikum der Universität München, Feodor-Lynen Straße 17, 81377, Munich, Germany.
| | - M Á Araque Caballero
- Institut für Schlaganfall-und Demenzforschung (ISD), Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität LMU, Klinikum der Universität München, Feodor-Lynen Straße 17, 81377, Munich, Germany
| | - A N W Taylor
- Institut für Schlaganfall-und Demenzforschung (ISD), Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität LMU, Klinikum der Universität München, Feodor-Lynen Straße 17, 81377, Munich, Germany
| | - L Simon-Vermot
- Institut für Schlaganfall-und Demenzforschung (ISD), Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität LMU, Klinikum der Universität München, Feodor-Lynen Straße 17, 81377, Munich, Germany
| | - K Buerger
- Institut für Schlaganfall-und Demenzforschung (ISD), Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität LMU, Klinikum der Universität München, Feodor-Lynen Straße 17, 81377, Munich, Germany.,German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE, Munich), Feodor-Lynen Straße 17, 81377, Munich, Germany
| | - B Ertl-Wagner
- Institute for Clinical Radiology, Klinikum der Universität München, Ludwig-Maximilian University, Marchioninistraße 15, 81377, Munich, Germany
| | - C Mueller
- Institut für Schlaganfall-und Demenzforschung (ISD), Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität LMU, Klinikum der Universität München, Feodor-Lynen Straße 17, 81377, Munich, Germany
| | - C Catak
- Institut für Schlaganfall-und Demenzforschung (ISD), Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität LMU, Klinikum der Universität München, Feodor-Lynen Straße 17, 81377, Munich, Germany
| | - D Janowitz
- Institut für Schlaganfall-und Demenzforschung (ISD), Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität LMU, Klinikum der Universität München, Feodor-Lynen Straße 17, 81377, Munich, Germany
| | - E Baykara
- Institut für Schlaganfall-und Demenzforschung (ISD), Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität LMU, Klinikum der Universität München, Feodor-Lynen Straße 17, 81377, Munich, Germany
| | - B Gesierich
- Institut für Schlaganfall-und Demenzforschung (ISD), Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität LMU, Klinikum der Universität München, Feodor-Lynen Straße 17, 81377, Munich, Germany
| | - M Duering
- Institut für Schlaganfall-und Demenzforschung (ISD), Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität LMU, Klinikum der Universität München, Feodor-Lynen Straße 17, 81377, Munich, Germany
| | - M Ewers
- Institut für Schlaganfall-und Demenzforschung (ISD), Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität LMU, Klinikum der Universität München, Feodor-Lynen Straße 17, 81377, Munich, Germany
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Baijot S, Cevallos C, Zarka D, Leroy A, Slama H, Colin C, Deconinck N, Dan B, Cheron G. EEG Dynamics of a Go/Nogo Task in Children with ADHD. Brain Sci 2017; 7:brainsci7120167. [PMID: 29261133 PMCID: PMC5742770 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci7120167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2017] [Revised: 12/07/2017] [Accepted: 12/15/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Studies investigating event-related potential (ERP) evoked in a Cue-Go/NoGo paradigm have shown lower frontal N1, N2 and central P3 in children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) compared to typically developing children (TDC). However, the electroencephalographic (EEG) dynamics underlying these ERPs remain largely unexplored in ADHD. Methods: We investigate the event-related spectral perturbation and inter-trial coherence linked to the ERP triggered by visual Cue-Go/NoGo stimuli, in 14 children (7 ADHD and 7 TDC) aged 8 to 12 years. Results: Compared to TDC, the EEG dynamics of children with ADHD showed a lower theta-alpha ITC concomitant to lower occipito-parietal P1-N2 and frontal N1-P2 potentials in response to Cue, Go and Nogo stimuli; an upper alpha power preceding lower central Go-P3; a lower theta-alpha power and ITC were coupled to a lower frontal Nogo-N3; a lower low-gamma power overall scalp at 300 ms after Go and Nogo stimuli. Conclusion: These findings suggest impaired ability in children with ADHD to conserve the brain oscillations phase associated with stimulus processing. This physiological trait might serve as a target for therapeutic intervention or be used as monitoring of their effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon Baijot
- Department of Neurology, Hôpital Universitaire des Enfants Reine Fabiola, Université Libre de Bruxelles, 1020 Brussels, Belgium; (S.B.); (N.D.); (B.D.)
- Neuropsychology and Functional Neuroimaging Research Unit, Center for Research in Cognition and Neurosciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles, 1050 Brussels, Belgium;
- Cognitive Neurosciences Research Unit, Center for Research in Cognition and Neurosciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles, 1050 Brussels, Belgium;
| | - Carlos Cevallos
- Laboratory of Neurophysiology and Movement Biomechanics, Université Libre de Bruxelles, CP640, 808 route de Lennik, 1070 Brussels, Belgium; (C.C.); (D.Z.); (A.L.)
- Departamento de Ingeniería Mecánica, Facultad de Ingeniería Mecánica, Escuela Politécnica Nacional, Quito 170517, Ecuador
| | - David Zarka
- Laboratory of Neurophysiology and Movement Biomechanics, Université Libre de Bruxelles, CP640, 808 route de Lennik, 1070 Brussels, Belgium; (C.C.); (D.Z.); (A.L.)
- Research Unit in Osteopathy, Faculty of Motor Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles, 1070 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Axelle Leroy
- Laboratory of Neurophysiology and Movement Biomechanics, Université Libre de Bruxelles, CP640, 808 route de Lennik, 1070 Brussels, Belgium; (C.C.); (D.Z.); (A.L.)
| | - Hichem Slama
- Neuropsychology and Functional Neuroimaging Research Unit, Center for Research in Cognition and Neurosciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles, 1050 Brussels, Belgium;
- Cognitive Neurosciences Research Unit, Center for Research in Cognition and Neurosciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles, 1050 Brussels, Belgium;
- Department of Clinical and Cognitive Neuropsychology, Erasme Hospital, Université Libre de Bruxelles, 1070 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Cecile Colin
- Cognitive Neurosciences Research Unit, Center for Research in Cognition and Neurosciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles, 1050 Brussels, Belgium;
- Laboratory of Cognitive and Sensory Neurophysiology, CHU Brugmann, Université Libre de Bruxelles, 1020 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Nicolas Deconinck
- Department of Neurology, Hôpital Universitaire des Enfants Reine Fabiola, Université Libre de Bruxelles, 1020 Brussels, Belgium; (S.B.); (N.D.); (B.D.)
- Laboratory of Neurophysiology and Movement Biomechanics, Université Libre de Bruxelles, CP640, 808 route de Lennik, 1070 Brussels, Belgium; (C.C.); (D.Z.); (A.L.)
| | - Bernard Dan
- Department of Neurology, Hôpital Universitaire des Enfants Reine Fabiola, Université Libre de Bruxelles, 1020 Brussels, Belgium; (S.B.); (N.D.); (B.D.)
- Laboratory of Neurophysiology and Movement Biomechanics, Université Libre de Bruxelles, CP640, 808 route de Lennik, 1070 Brussels, Belgium; (C.C.); (D.Z.); (A.L.)
- Medical and Rehabilitation Departments, Inkendaal Rehabilitation Hospital, 1602 Vlezenbeek, Belgium
| | - Guy Cheron
- Laboratory of Neurophysiology and Movement Biomechanics, Université Libre de Bruxelles, CP640, 808 route de Lennik, 1070 Brussels, Belgium; (C.C.); (D.Z.); (A.L.)
- Laboratory of Electrophysiology, Université de Mons, 7000 Mons, Belgium
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +32-25-553-403
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Bajic D, Craig MM, Mongerson CRL, Borsook D, Becerra L. Identifying Rodent Resting-State Brain Networks with Independent Component Analysis. Front Neurosci 2017; 11:685. [PMID: 29311770 PMCID: PMC5733053 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2017.00685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2017] [Accepted: 11/22/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Rodent models have opened the door to a better understanding of the neurobiology of brain disorders and increased our ability to evaluate novel treatments. Resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI) allows for in vivo exploration of large-scale brain networks with high spatial resolution. Its application in rodents affords researchers a powerful translational tool to directly assess/explore the effects of various pharmacological, lesion, and/or disease states on known neural circuits within highly controlled settings. Integration of animal and human research at the molecular-, systems-, and behavioral-levels using diverse neuroimaging techniques empowers more robust interrogations of abnormal/ pathological processes, critical for evolving our understanding of neuroscience. We present a comprehensive protocol to evaluate resting-state brain networks using Independent Component Analysis (ICA) in rodent model. Specifically, we begin with a brief review of the physiological basis for rs-fMRI technique and overview of rs-fMRI studies in rodents to date, following which we provide a robust step-by-step approach for rs-fMRI investigation including data collection, computational preprocessing, and brain network analysis. Pipelines are interwoven with underlying theory behind each step and summarized methodological considerations, such as alternative methods available and current consensus in the literature for optimal results. The presented protocol is designed in such a way that investigators without previous knowledge in the field can implement the analysis and obtain viable results that reliably detect significant differences in functional connectivity between experimental groups. Our goal is to empower researchers to implement rs-fMRI in their respective fields by incorporating technical considerations to date into a workable methodological framework.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dusica Bajic
- Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, United States.,Center for Pain and the Brain, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, United States.,Department of Anaesthesia, Harvard Medical School, Harvard University, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Michael M Craig
- Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, United States.,Center for Pain and the Brain, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Chandler R L Mongerson
- Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, United States.,Center for Pain and the Brain, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
| | - David Borsook
- Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, United States.,Center for Pain and the Brain, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, United States.,Department of Anaesthesia, Harvard Medical School, Harvard University, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Lino Becerra
- Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, United States.,Center for Pain and the Brain, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, United States.,Department of Anaesthesia, Harvard Medical School, Harvard University, Boston, MA, United States
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Abstract
Sleep habits developed in adolescence shape long-term trajectories of psychological, educational, and physiological well-being. Adolescents’ sleep behaviors are shaped by their parents’ sleep at both the behavioral and biological levels. In the current study, we sought to examine how neural concordance in resting-state functional connectivity between parent-child dyads is associated with dyadic concordance in sleep duration and adolescents’ sleep quality. To this end, we scanned both parents and their child (N = 28 parent-child dyads; parent Mage = 42.8 years; adolescent Mage = 14.9 years; 14.3% father; 46.4% female adolescent) as they each underwent a resting-state scan. Using daily diaries, we also assessed dyadic concordance in sleep duration across two weeks. Our results show that greater daily concordance in sleep behavior is associated with greater neural concordance in default-mode network connectivity between parents and children. Moreover, greater neural and behavioral concordances in sleep is associated with more optimal sleep quality in adolescents. The current findings expand our understanding of dyadic concordance by providing a neurobiological mechanism by which parents and children share daily sleep behaviors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tae-Ho Lee
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (UNC), NC 27599, USA
| | - Michelle E Miernicki
- Department of Psychology, The University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign (UIUC), IL 61801, USA; Human Resources and Industrial Relations, UIUC, IL 61801, USA
| | - Eva H Telzer
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (UNC), NC 27599, USA; Department of Psychology, The University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign (UIUC), IL 61801, USA.
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Cuesta-Frau D, Miró-Martínez P, Jordán Núñez J, Oltra-Crespo S, Molina Picó A. Noisy EEG signals classification based on entropy metrics. Performance assessment using first and second generation statistics. Comput Biol Med 2017; 87:141-151. [PMID: 28595129 DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiomed.2017.05.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2017] [Revised: 05/05/2017] [Accepted: 05/28/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
This paper evaluates the performance of first generation entropy metrics, featured by the well known and widely used Approximate Entropy (ApEn) and Sample Entropy (SampEn) metrics, and what can be considered an evolution from these, Fuzzy Entropy (FuzzyEn), in the Electroencephalogram (EEG) signal classification context. The study uses the commonest artifacts found in real EEGs, such as white noise, and muscular, cardiac, and ocular artifacts. Using two different sets of publicly available EEG records, and a realistic range of amplitudes for interfering artifacts, this work optimises and assesses the robustness of these metrics against artifacts in class segmentation terms probability. The results show that the qualitative behaviour of the two datasets is similar, with SampEn and FuzzyEn performing the best, and the noise and muscular artifacts are the most confounding factors. On the contrary, there is a wide variability as regards initialization parameters. The poor performance achieved by ApEn suggests that this metric should not be used in these contexts.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Cuesta-Frau
- Technological Institute of Informatics, Polytechnic University of Valencia, Alcoi Campus, Plaza Ferrandiz y Carbonell 2, Alcoi, Spain.
| | - Pau Miró-Martínez
- Department of Statistics, Polytechnic University of Valencia, Alcoi Campus, Alcoi, Spain
| | - Jorge Jordán Núñez
- Department of Statistics, Polytechnic University of Valencia, Alcoi Campus, Alcoi, Spain
| | - Sandra Oltra-Crespo
- Technological Institute of Informatics, Polytechnic University of Valencia, Alcoi Campus, Plaza Ferrandiz y Carbonell 2, Alcoi, Spain
| | - Antonio Molina Picó
- Technological Institute of Informatics, Polytechnic University of Valencia, Alcoi Campus, Plaza Ferrandiz y Carbonell 2, Alcoi, Spain
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Analysis of Gamma-Band Activity from Human EEG Using Empirical Mode Decomposition. SENSORS 2017; 17:s17050989. [PMID: 28468250 PMCID: PMC5469342 DOI: 10.3390/s17050989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2017] [Revised: 04/25/2017] [Accepted: 04/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this paper is to determine whether gamma-band activity detection is improved when a filter, based on empirical mode decomposition (EMD), is added to the pre-processing block of single-channel electroencephalography (EEG) signals. EMD decomposes the original signal into a finite number of intrinsic mode functions (IMFs). EEGs from 25 control subjects were registered in basal and motor activity (hand movements) using only one EEG channel. Over the basic signal, IMF signals are computed. Gamma-band activity is computed using power spectrum density in the 30–60 Hz range. Event-related synchronization (ERS) was defined as the ratio of motor and basal activity. To evaluate the performance of the new EMD based method, ERS was computed from the basic and IMF signals. The ERS obtained using IMFs improves, from 31.00% to 73.86%, on the original ERS for the right hand, and from 22.17% to 47.69% for the left hand. As EEG processing is improved, the clinical applications of gamma-band activity will expand.
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36
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Multichannel interictal spike activity detection using time–frequency entropy measure. AUSTRALASIAN PHYSICAL & ENGINEERING SCIENCES IN MEDICINE 2017; 40:413-425. [DOI: 10.1007/s13246-017-0550-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2016] [Accepted: 04/05/2017] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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37
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Takamura T, Hanakawa T. Clinical utility of resting-state functional connectivity magnetic resonance imaging for mood and cognitive disorders. J Neural Transm (Vienna) 2017; 124:821-839. [PMID: 28337552 DOI: 10.1007/s00702-017-1710-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2016] [Accepted: 03/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Although functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) has long been used to assess task-related brain activity in neuropsychiatric disorders, it has not yet become a widely available clinical tool. Resting-state fMRI (rs-fMRI) has been the subject of recent attention in the fields of basic and clinical neuroimaging research. This method enables investigation of the functional organization of the brain and alterations of resting-state networks (RSNs) in patients with neuropsychiatric disorders. Rs-fMRI does not require participants to perform a demanding task, in contrast to task fMRI, which often requires participants to follow complex instructions. Rs-fMRI has a number of advantages over task fMRI for application with neuropsychiatric patients, for example, although applications of task fMR to participants for healthy are easy. However, it is difficult to apply these applications to patients with psychiatric and neurological disorders, because they may have difficulty in performing demanding cognitive task. Here, we review the basic methodology and analysis techniques relevant to clinical studies, and the clinical applications of the technique for examining neuropsychiatric disorders, focusing on mood disorders (major depressive disorder and bipolar disorder) and dementia (Alzheimer's disease and mild cognitive impairment).
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Affiliation(s)
- T Takamura
- Department of Advanced Neuroimaging, Integrative Brain Imaging Center, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Kodaira, Tokyo, Japan
| | - T Hanakawa
- Department of Advanced Neuroimaging, Integrative Brain Imaging Center, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Kodaira, Tokyo, Japan.
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Families that fire together smile together: Resting state connectome similarity and daily emotional synchrony in parent-child dyads. Neuroimage 2017; 152:31-37. [PMID: 28254510 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2017.02.078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2016] [Revised: 02/21/2017] [Accepted: 02/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite emerging evidence suggesting a biological basis to our social tiles, our understanding of the neural processes which link two minds is unknown. We implemented a novel approach, which included connectome similarity analysis using resting state intrinsic networks of parent-child dyads as well as daily diaries measured across 14 days. Intrinsic resting-state networks for both parents and their adolescent child were identified using independent component analysis (ICA). Results indicate that parents and children who had more similar RSN connectome also had more similar day-to-day emotional synchrony. Furthermore, dyadic RSN connectome similarity was associated with children's emotional competence, suggesting that being neurally in-tune with their parents confers emotional benefits. We provide the first evidence that dyadic RSN similarity is associated with emotional synchrony in what is often our first and most essential social bond, the parent-child relationship.
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39
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Hand classification of fMRI ICA noise components. Neuroimage 2016; 154:188-205. [PMID: 27989777 PMCID: PMC5489418 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2016.12.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 316] [Impact Index Per Article: 39.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2016] [Revised: 12/09/2016] [Accepted: 12/14/2016] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
We present a practical "how-to" guide to help determine whether single-subject fMRI independent components (ICs) characterise structured noise or not. Manual identification of signal and noise after ICA decomposition is required for efficient data denoising: to train supervised algorithms, to check the results of unsupervised ones or to manually clean the data. In this paper we describe the main spatial and temporal features of ICs and provide general guidelines on how to evaluate these. Examples of signal and noise components are provided from a wide range of datasets (3T data, including examples from the UK Biobank and the Human Connectome Project, and 7T data), together with practical guidelines for their identification. Finally, we discuss how the data quality, data type and preprocessing can influence the characteristics of the ICs and present examples of particularly challenging datasets.
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40
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EEG-Based Person Authentication Using a Fuzzy Entropy-Related Approach with Two Electrodes. ENTROPY 2016. [DOI: 10.3390/e18120432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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41
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Soares JM, Magalhães R, Moreira PS, Sousa A, Ganz E, Sampaio A, Alves V, Marques P, Sousa N. A Hitchhiker's Guide to Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging. Front Neurosci 2016; 10:515. [PMID: 27891073 PMCID: PMC5102908 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2016.00515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 112] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2016] [Accepted: 10/25/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) studies have become increasingly popular both with clinicians and researchers as they are capable of providing unique insights into brain functions. However, multiple technical considerations (ranging from specifics of paradigm design to imaging artifacts, complex protocol definition, and multitude of processing and methods of analysis, as well as intrinsic methodological limitations) must be considered and addressed in order to optimize fMRI analysis and to arrive at the most accurate and grounded interpretation of the data. In practice, the researcher/clinician must choose, from many available options, the most suitable software tool for each stage of the fMRI analysis pipeline. Herein we provide a straightforward guide designed to address, for each of the major stages, the techniques, and tools involved in the process. We have developed this guide both to help those new to the technique to overcome the most critical difficulties in its use, as well as to serve as a resource for the neuroimaging community.
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Affiliation(s)
- José M. Soares
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of MinhoBraga, Portugal
- ICVS/3B's - PT Government Associate LaboratoryBraga, Portugal
| | - Ricardo Magalhães
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of MinhoBraga, Portugal
- ICVS/3B's - PT Government Associate LaboratoryBraga, Portugal
| | - Pedro S. Moreira
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of MinhoBraga, Portugal
- ICVS/3B's - PT Government Associate LaboratoryBraga, Portugal
| | - Alexandre Sousa
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of MinhoBraga, Portugal
- ICVS/3B's - PT Government Associate LaboratoryBraga, Portugal
- Department of Informatics, University of MinhoBraga, Portugal
| | - Edward Ganz
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of MinhoBraga, Portugal
- ICVS/3B's - PT Government Associate LaboratoryBraga, Portugal
| | - Adriana Sampaio
- Neuropsychophysiology Lab, CIPsi, School of Psychology, University of MinhoBraga, Portugal
| | - Victor Alves
- Department of Informatics, University of MinhoBraga, Portugal
| | - Paulo Marques
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of MinhoBraga, Portugal
- ICVS/3B's - PT Government Associate LaboratoryBraga, Portugal
| | - Nuno Sousa
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of MinhoBraga, Portugal
- ICVS/3B's - PT Government Associate LaboratoryBraga, Portugal
- Clinical Academic Center – BragaBraga, Portugal
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42
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Optimal Threshold Determination for Discriminating Driving Anger Intensity Based on EEG Wavelet Features and ROC Curve Analysis. INFORMATION 2016. [DOI: 10.3390/info7030052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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43
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Zhang Y, Simon-Vermot L, Araque Caballero MÁ, Gesierich B, Taylor ANW, Duering M, Dichgans M, Ewers M. Enhanced resting-state functional connectivity between core memory-task activation peaks is associated with memory impairment in MCI. Neurobiol Aging 2016; 45:43-49. [PMID: 27459924 DOI: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2016.04.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2015] [Revised: 04/22/2016] [Accepted: 04/23/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Resting-state functional connectivity (FC) is altered in Alzheimer's disease (AD) but its predictive value for episodic memory impairment is debated. Here, we aimed to assess whether resting-state FC in core brain regions activated during memory-task functional magnetic resonance imaging is altered and predictive of memory performance in AD and amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI). Twenty-three elderly cognitively healthy controls (HC), 76 aMCI subjects, and 19 AD dementia patients were included. We computed resting-state FC between 18 meta-analytically determined peak coordinates of brain activation during successful memory retrieval. Higher FC between the parahippocampus, parietal cortex, and the middle frontal gyrus was observed in both AD and mild cognitive impairment compared to HC (false-discovery rate-corrected p < 0.05). The increase in FC between the parahippocampus and middle frontal gyrus was associated with reduced episodic memory in aMCI, independent of amyloid-beta positron emission tomography binding and apolipoprotein E ε4-carrier status. In conclusion, increased parahippocampal-prefrontal FC is predictive of impaired episodic memory in aMCI and may reflect a dysfunctional change within the episodic memory-related neural network.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yifei Zhang
- Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research, Klinikum der Universität Muenchen, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität LMU, Munich, Germany; Department of Management Science and Engineering, School of Management, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Lee Simon-Vermot
- Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research, Klinikum der Universität Muenchen, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität LMU, Munich, Germany
| | - Miguel Á Araque Caballero
- Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research, Klinikum der Universität Muenchen, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität LMU, Munich, Germany
| | - Benno Gesierich
- Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research, Klinikum der Universität Muenchen, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität LMU, Munich, Germany
| | - Alexander N W Taylor
- Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research, Klinikum der Universität Muenchen, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität LMU, Munich, Germany
| | - Marco Duering
- Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research, Klinikum der Universität Muenchen, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität LMU, Munich, Germany
| | - Martin Dichgans
- Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research, Klinikum der Universität Muenchen, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität LMU, Munich, Germany; Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Munich, Germany
| | - Michael Ewers
- Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research, Klinikum der Universität Muenchen, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität LMU, Munich, Germany.
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