1
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Mondal S, Rathor R, Singh SN, Suryakumar G. miRNA and leptin signaling in metabolic diseases and at extreme environments. Pharmacol Res Perspect 2024; 12:e1248. [PMID: 39017237 PMCID: PMC11253706 DOI: 10.1002/prp2.1248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2024] [Revised: 05/27/2024] [Accepted: 07/04/2024] [Indexed: 07/18/2024] Open
Abstract
The burden of growing concern about the dysregulation of metabolic processes arises due to complex interplay between environment and nutrition that has great impact on genetics and epigenetics of an individual. Thereby, any abnormality at the level of food intake regulating hormones may contribute to the development of metabolic diseases in any age group due to malnutrition, overweight, changing lifestyle, and exposure to extreme environments such as heat stress (HS), cold stress, or high altitude (HA). Hormones such as leptin, adiponectin, ghrelin, and cholecystokinin regulate appetite and satiety to maintain energy homeostasis. Leptin, an adipokine and a pleiotropic hormone, play major role in regulating the food intake, energy gain and energy expenditure. Using in silico approach, we have identified the major genes (LEP, LEPR, JAK2, STAT3, NPY, POMC, IRS1, SOCS3) that play crucial role in leptin signaling pathway. Further, eight miRNAs (hsa-miR-204-5p, hsa-miR-211-5p, hsa-miR-30, hsa-miR-3163, hsa-miR-33a-3p, hsa-miR-548, hsa-miR-561-3p, hsa-miR-7856-5p) from TargetScan 8.0 database were screened out that commonly target these genes. The role of these miRNAs should be explored as they might play vital role in regulating the appetite, energy metabolism, metabolic diseases (obesity, type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, inflammation), and to combat extreme environments. The miRNAs regulating leptin signaling and appetite may be useful for developing novel therapeutics for metabolic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samrita Mondal
- Defence Institute of Physiology and Allied SciencesDelhiIndia
| | - Richa Rathor
- Defence Institute of Physiology and Allied SciencesDelhiIndia
| | - Som Nath Singh
- Defence Institute of Physiology and Allied SciencesDelhiIndia
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2
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Chen SM, Hsiao CW, Chen YJ, Hong CJ, Lin JC, Yang CP, Chang YH. Interleukin-4 inhibits the hypothalamic appetite control by modulating the insulin-AKT and JAK-STAT signaling in leptin mutant mice. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2024; 39:3980-3990. [PMID: 38597583 DOI: 10.1002/tox.24264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Revised: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 03/23/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
Our previous research identified interleukin-4 (IL-4) as a key regulator of glucose/lipid metabolism, circulatory leptin levels, and insulin action, suggesting its potential as a therapeutic target for obesity and related complications. This study aimed to further elucidate the role of IL-4 in regulating hypothalamic appetite-controlling neuropeptides using leptin dysfunctional Leptin145E/145E mice as the experimental model. IL-4 significantly reduces body weight, food intake, and serum glucose levels. Our data demonstrated that IL-4 exhibits multiple functions in regulating hypothalamic appetite control, including downregulating orexigenic agouti-related peptide and neuropeptide Y levels, promoting expression of anorexigenic proopiomelanocortin, alleviating microenvironmental hypothalamic inflammation, enhancing leptin and insulin pathway, and attenuating insulin resistance. Furthermore, IL-4 promotes uncoupling protein 1 expression of white adipose tissue (WAT), suggesting its role in triggering WAT-beige switch. In summary, this study uncovers novel function of IL-4 in mediating food-intake behaviors and metabolic efficiency by regulating hypothalamic appetite-control and WAT browning activities. These findings support the therapeutic potential of targeting hypothalamic inflammation and reducing adiposity through IL-4 intervention for tackling the pandemic increasing prevalence of obesity and associated metabolic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu-Mei Chen
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chiao-Wan Hsiao
- Institute of Brain Science of National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yen-Ju Chen
- Research Assistant Center, Tainan Municipal Hospital (Managed by Show Chwan Medical Care Corporation), Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Chen-Jee Hong
- Section of Psychosomatic Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jung-Chun Lin
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Ping Yang
- Department of Medical Technology, Jenteh Junior College of Medicine, Nursing and Management, Miaoli, Taiwan
- Institute of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yih-Hsin Chang
- Department of Biotechnology and Laboratory Science in Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
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3
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Eo H, Kim SH, Ju IG, Huh E, Kim S, Choi JG, Kim SW, Son M, Oh MS. Longan extract suppresses food intake through regulation of POMC/AgRP neuronal activities and endoplasmic reticulum stress in hypothalamus of db/db mice. Front Nutr 2023; 10:1143613. [PMID: 37415911 PMCID: PMC10322219 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1143613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2023] [Accepted: 06/02/2023] [Indexed: 07/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is one of the biggest public health issues worldwide and closely related to development of other chronic diseases such as cardiovascular diseases, cancer and neurodegenerative diseases. Considerable percentage of T2DM patients undergo have suffered from binge eating disorder which exacerbates insulin resistance and metabolic challenges. Longan (Dimocarpus longan L.) and its constituents are reported for their various health benefits. However, it is still unknown whether longan fruit supplementation can ameliorate glucose homeostasis and binge eating disorder found in T2DM. The current study aimed to investigate whether longan fruit extract (LE) supplementation can improve diabetic hyperglycemia through modulation of feeding center located in hypothalamus of db/db T2DM mice. As a result, LE supplementation ameliorated fasting blood glucose levels and reduced excessive epididymal fat accumulation. In addition, LE administration improved glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity in db/db mice. Especially, LE supplemented mice showed less food consumption which was in line with increase of pro-opiomelanocortin (POMC) neuronal activities and decrease of agouti-related peptide (AgRP) neuronal activities. Furthermore, LE supplementation reduced hypothalamic endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress which was stimulated in db/db mice. As ER stress is a crucial factor involving in appetite control and glucose homeostasis, the effect of LE supplementation on circulating glucose levels and feeding behavior might be mediated by suppression of hypothalamic ER stress. Collectively, these findings suggest that LE could be a potential nutraceutical for improvement of T2DM as well as patients with satiety issues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyeyoon Eo
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong Hye Kim
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - In Gyoung Ju
- Department of Oriental Pharmaceutical Science, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Eugene Huh
- Department of Oriental Pharmaceutical Science, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | | | | | | | - Miwon Son
- MThera Pharma Co., Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Myung Sook Oh
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Oriental Pharmaceutical Science, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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4
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Alonso-Bernáldez M, Asensio A, Palou-March A, Sánchez J, Palou A, Serra F, Palou M. Breast Milk MicroRNAs Related to Leptin and Adiponectin Function Can Be Modulated by Maternal Diet and Influence Offspring Phenotype in Rats. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23137237. [PMID: 35806240 PMCID: PMC9266562 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23137237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2022] [Revised: 06/21/2022] [Accepted: 06/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
There is evidence of the role of milk components in the metabolic programming of offspring. Here, we aimed to investigate the effects of a diet during lactation on breast milk leptin, adiponectin, and related miRNAs’ expression, and their impact on dams and their offspring. Dams were fed a control diet (controls) or a diet enriched with oleic acid, betaine, and leucine (TX) throughout lactation. A TX diet promoted higher leptin at lactation day (LD) five and lower adiponectin on LD15 (vs. controls) in milk, resulting in increased leptin to adiponectin (L/A) ratio throughout lactation. Moreover, TX diet reduced milk levels of miR-27a, miR-103, miR-200a, and miR-222. Concerning TX offspring, higher body fat was early observed and maintained into adult life, accompanied by higher HOMA-IR than controls at three months of age. Offspring body fat content in adulthood correlated positively with milk L/A ratio at LD15 and negatively with miRNAs modulated by the TX diet. In conclusion, maternal diet during lactation can modulate leptin and adiponectin interplay with miRNAs in milk, setting up the metabolic programming of the offspring. Better knowledge about the influence of diet on this process is necessary to promote a healthy adult life in the progeny.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Alonso-Bernáldez
- Alimentómica S.L. (Spin off no. 001 from UIB), Parc Bit, 07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain; (M.A.-B.); (A.A.); (A.P.-M.); (M.P.)
| | - Antoni Asensio
- Alimentómica S.L. (Spin off no. 001 from UIB), Parc Bit, 07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain; (M.A.-B.); (A.A.); (A.P.-M.); (M.P.)
| | - Andreu Palou-March
- Alimentómica S.L. (Spin off no. 001 from UIB), Parc Bit, 07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain; (M.A.-B.); (A.A.); (A.P.-M.); (M.P.)
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Nutrition and Biotechnology (Nutrigenomics, Biomarkers and Risk Evaluation Group), University of the Balearic Islands, 07121 Palma de Mallorca, Spain; (J.S.); (A.P.)
- Institut d’Investigació Sanitària Illes Balears (IdISBa), 07120 Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - Juana Sánchez
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Nutrition and Biotechnology (Nutrigenomics, Biomarkers and Risk Evaluation Group), University of the Balearic Islands, 07121 Palma de Mallorca, Spain; (J.S.); (A.P.)
- Institut d’Investigació Sanitària Illes Balears (IdISBa), 07120 Palma de Mallorca, Spain
- CIBER de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Andreu Palou
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Nutrition and Biotechnology (Nutrigenomics, Biomarkers and Risk Evaluation Group), University of the Balearic Islands, 07121 Palma de Mallorca, Spain; (J.S.); (A.P.)
- Institut d’Investigació Sanitària Illes Balears (IdISBa), 07120 Palma de Mallorca, Spain
- CIBER de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Francisca Serra
- Alimentómica S.L. (Spin off no. 001 from UIB), Parc Bit, 07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain; (M.A.-B.); (A.A.); (A.P.-M.); (M.P.)
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Nutrition and Biotechnology (Nutrigenomics, Biomarkers and Risk Evaluation Group), University of the Balearic Islands, 07121 Palma de Mallorca, Spain; (J.S.); (A.P.)
- Institut d’Investigació Sanitària Illes Balears (IdISBa), 07120 Palma de Mallorca, Spain
- CIBER de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Correspondence:
| | - Mariona Palou
- Alimentómica S.L. (Spin off no. 001 from UIB), Parc Bit, 07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain; (M.A.-B.); (A.A.); (A.P.-M.); (M.P.)
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Nutrition and Biotechnology (Nutrigenomics, Biomarkers and Risk Evaluation Group), University of the Balearic Islands, 07121 Palma de Mallorca, Spain; (J.S.); (A.P.)
- Institut d’Investigació Sanitària Illes Balears (IdISBa), 07120 Palma de Mallorca, Spain
- CIBER de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain
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5
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Vohra MS, Benchoula K, Serpell CJ, Hwa WE. AgRP/NPY and POMC neurons in the arcuate nucleus and their potential role in treatment of obesity. Eur J Pharmacol 2022; 915:174611. [PMID: 34798121 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2021.174611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2021] [Revised: 10/27/2021] [Accepted: 10/27/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Obesity is a major health crisis affecting over a third of the global population. This multifactorial disease is regulated via interoceptive neural circuits in the brain, whose alteration results in excessive body weight. Certain central neuronal populations in the brain are recognised as crucial nodes in energy homeostasis; in particular, the hypothalamic arcuate nucleus (ARC) region contains two peptide microcircuits that control energy balance with antagonistic functions: agouti-related peptide/neuropeptide-Y (AgRP/NPY) signals hunger and stimulates food intake; and pro-opiomelanocortin (POMC) signals satiety and reduces food intake. These neuronal peptides levels react to energy status and integrate signals from peripheral ghrelin, leptin, and insulin to regulate feeding and energy expenditure. To manage obesity comprehensively, it is crucial to understand cellular and molecular mechanisms of information processing in ARC neurons, since these regulate energy homeostasis. Importantly, a specific strategy focusing on ARC circuits needs to be devised to assist in treating obese patients and maintaining weight loss with minimal or no side effects. The aim of this review is to elucidate the recent developments in the study of AgRP-, NPY- and POMC-producing neurons, specific to their role in controlling metabolism. The impact of ghrelin, leptin, and insulin signalling via action of these neurons is also surveyed, since they also impact energy balance through this route. Lastly, we present key proteins, targeted genes, compounds, drugs, and therapies that actively work via these neurons and could potentially be used as therapeutic targets for treating obesity conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Sufyan Vohra
- School of Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Taylor's University Lakeside Campus, 47500, Subang Jaya, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
| | - Khaled Benchoula
- School of Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Taylor's University Lakeside Campus, 47500, Subang Jaya, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
| | - Christopher J Serpell
- School of Physical Sciences, Ingram Building, University of Kent, Canterbury, Kent, CT2 7NH, United Kingdom
| | - Wong Eng Hwa
- School of Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Taylor's University Lakeside Campus, 47500, Subang Jaya, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia.
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6
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Perdoncin M, Konrad A, Wyner JR, Lohana S, Pillai SS, Pereira DG, Lakhani HV, Sodhi K. A Review of miRNAs as Biomarkers and Effect of Dietary Modulation in Obesity Associated Cognitive Decline and Neurodegenerative Disorders. Front Mol Neurosci 2021; 14:756499. [PMID: 34690698 PMCID: PMC8529023 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2021.756499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2021] [Accepted: 09/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
There has been a progressive increase in the prevalence of obesity and its comorbidities such as type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular diseases worldwide. Recent studies have suggested that the crosstalk between adipose tissue and central nervous system (CNS), through cellular mediators and signaling pathways, may causally link obesity with cognitive decline and give rise to neurodegenerative disorders. Several mechanisms have been proposed in obesity, including inflammation, oxidative stress, insulin resistance, altered lipid and cholesterol homeostasis, which may result in neuroinflammation, altered brain insulin signaling, amyloid-beta (Aβ) deposition and neuronal cell death. Since obesity is associated with functional and morphological alterations in the adipose tissues, the resulting peripheral immune response augments the development and progression of cognitive decline and increases susceptibility of neurodegenerative disorders, such as Alzheimer's Disease (AD) and Parkinson's Disease (PD). Studies have also elucidated an important role of high fat diet in the exacerbation of these clinical conditions. However, the underlying factors that propel and sustain this obesity associated cognitive decline and neurodegeneration, remains highly elusive. Moreover, the mechanisms linking these phenomena are not well-understood. The cumulative line of evidence have demonstrated an important role of microRNAs (miRNAs), a class of small non-coding RNAs that regulate gene expression and transcriptional changes, as biomarkers of pathophysiological conditions. Despite the lack of utility in current clinical practices, miRNAs have been shown to be highly specific and sensitive to the clinical condition being studied. Based on these observations, this review aims to assess the role of several miRNAs and aim to elucidate underlying mechanisms that link obesity with cognitive decline and neurodegenerative disorders. Furthermore, this review will also provide evidence for the effect of dietary modulation which can potentially ameliorate cognitive decline and neurodegenerative diseases associated with obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Komal Sodhi
- Department of Surgery and Biomedical Sciences, Marshall University Joan C. Edwards School of Medicine, Huntington, WV, United States
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7
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Carney BC, Dougherty RD, Moffatt LT, Simbulan-Rosenthal CM, Shupp JW, Rosenthal DS. Promoter Methylation Status in Pro-opiomelanocortin Does Not Contribute to Dyspigmentation in Hypertrophic Scar. J Burn Care Res 2021; 41:339-346. [PMID: 31541238 DOI: 10.1093/jbcr/irz168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Burn injuries frequently result in hypertrophic scars (HTSs), specifically when excision and grafting are delayed due to limited resources or patient complications. In patient populations with dark baseline pigmentation, one symptom of HTS that often occurs is dyspigmentation. The mechanism behind dyspigmentation has not been explored, and, as such, prevention and treatment strategies for this morbidity are lacking. The mechanism by which cells make pigment is controlled at the apex of the pathway by pro-opiomelanocortin (POMC), which is cleaved to its products alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (α-MSH) and adrenocorticotropin hormone (ACTH). α-MSH and ACTH secreted by keratinocytes bind to melanocortin 1 receptor (MC1R), expressed on melanocytes, to initiate melanogenesis. POMC protein expression is upregulated in hyperpigmented scar compared to hypopigmented scar by an unknown mechanism in a Duroc pig model of HTS. POMC RNA levels, as well as the POMC gene promoter methylation status were investigated as a possible mechanism. DNA was isolated from biopsies obtained from distinct areas of hyper- or hypopigmented scar and normal skin. DNA was bisulfite-converted, and amplified using two sets of primers to observe methylation patterns in two different CpG islands near the POMC promoter. Amplicons were then sequenced and methylation patterns were evaluated. POMC gene expression was significantly downregulated in hypopigmented scar compared to normal skin, consistent with previously reported protein expression levels. There were significant changes in methylation of the POMC promoter; however, none that would account for the development of hyper- or hypopigmentation. Future work will focus on other areas of POMC transcriptional regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bonnie C Carney
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular and Cellular Biology, Georgetown University School of Medicine, Washington, DC.,Firefighters' Burn and Surgical Research Laboratory, MedStar Health Research Institute, Washington, DC
| | - Ryan D Dougherty
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular and Cellular Biology, Georgetown University School of Medicine, Washington, DC
| | - Lauren T Moffatt
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular and Cellular Biology, Georgetown University School of Medicine, Washington, DC.,Firefighters' Burn and Surgical Research Laboratory, MedStar Health Research Institute, Washington, DC
| | - Cynthia M Simbulan-Rosenthal
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular and Cellular Biology, Georgetown University School of Medicine, Washington, DC
| | - Jeffrey W Shupp
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular and Cellular Biology, Georgetown University School of Medicine, Washington, DC.,Firefighters' Burn and Surgical Research Laboratory, MedStar Health Research Institute, Washington, DC.,The Burn Center, MedStar Washington Hospital Center, Washington, DC.,Department of Surgery, Georgetown University School of Medicine, Washington, DC
| | - Dean S Rosenthal
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular and Cellular Biology, Georgetown University School of Medicine, Washington, DC
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8
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Seipelt EM, Tourniaire F, Couturier C, Astier J, Loriod B, Vachon H, Pucéat M, Mounien L, Landrier JF. Prenatal maternal vitamin D deficiency sex-dependently programs adipose tissue metabolism and energy homeostasis in offspring. FASEB J 2020; 34:14905-14919. [PMID: 32924159 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201902924rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2019] [Revised: 08/24/2020] [Accepted: 08/25/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
In utero environment is crucial to ensure normal development of the fetus and to program metabolic health throughout the life. Beside macronutrients, the role of micronutrients, including vitamin D, begins to be explore. The aim of this study was to decipher the impact of maternal vitamin D deficiency (VDD), in normal and high-fat (HF) diet context, on adipose tissue metabolism and energy homeostasis in offspring, considering sex-specific responses. Body weight, energy expenditure, and spontaneous activity was differential impacted in juvenile male and female offspring born from VDD mice. In adulthood, a HF diet combined with maternal VDD disrupted glucose homeostasis and adiposity in male offspring but not in females. Such phenotypes were associated to different transcriptomic profiles in adipose tissue, which could be related to differential modulation of plasma 17β-estradiol concentrations. Thus, maternal VDD sex-dependently modulated metabolic fate of the offspring, especially when associated with HF diet in adulthood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva M Seipelt
- Aix-Marseille Université, C2VN, INRAE, INSERM, Marseille, France.,Aix-Marseille Université, MMG, INSERM U1251, Marseille, France
| | - Franck Tourniaire
- Aix-Marseille Université, C2VN, INRAE, INSERM, Marseille, France.,CriBioM, Criblage Biologique Marseille, Faculté de médecine de la Timone, Marseille, France
| | | | - Julien Astier
- Aix-Marseille Université, C2VN, INRAE, INSERM, Marseille, France
| | - Béatrice Loriod
- Aix-Marseille Université, TGML, TAGC, INSERM, Marseille, France
| | - Hortense Vachon
- Aix-Marseille Université, TGML, TAGC, INSERM, Marseille, France
| | - Michel Pucéat
- Aix-Marseille Université, MMG, INSERM U1251, Marseille, France
| | - Lourdes Mounien
- Aix-Marseille Université, C2VN, INRAE, INSERM, Marseille, France
| | - Jean-François Landrier
- Aix-Marseille Université, C2VN, INRAE, INSERM, Marseille, France.,CriBioM, Criblage Biologique Marseille, Faculté de médecine de la Timone, Marseille, France
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9
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García-Martínez A, Fuentes-Fayos AC, Fajardo C, Lamas C, Cámara R, López-Muñoz B, Aranda I, Luque RM, Picó A. Differential Expression of MicroRNAs in Silent and Functioning Corticotroph Tumors. J Clin Med 2020; 9:jcm9061838. [PMID: 32545591 DOI: 10.3390/jcm9061838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2020] [Revised: 06/04/2020] [Accepted: 06/09/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The potential role of miRNAs in the silencing mechanisms of pituitary neuroendocrine tumors (PitNETs) has not been addressed. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the expression levels and the potential associated role of some miRNAs, pathways, and transcription factors in the silencing mechanisms of corticotroph tumors (CTs). Accordingly, the expression of miR-375, miR-383, miR-488, miR-200a and miR-103; of PKA, MAP3K8, MEK, MAPK3, NGFIB, NURR1, PITX1, and STAT3 were analyzed via qRT-PCR in 23 silent and 24 functioning CTs. miR-200a and miR-103 showed significantly higher expression in silent than in functioning CTs, even after eliminating the bias of tumor size, therefore enabling the differentiation between the two variants. Additionally, miR-383 correlated negatively with TBX19 in silent CTs, a transcription factor related with the processing of POMC that can participate in the silencing mechanisms of CTs. Finally, the gene expression levels of miR-488, miR-200a, and miR-103 were significantly higher in macroadenomas (functioning and silent) than in microadenomas. The evidence from this study indicates that miRNAs could be involved in the pathophysiology of CTs. The translational implications of these findings suggest that pharmacological treatments specifically targeting these miRNAs could become a promising therapeutic option for these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Araceli García-Martínez
- Research Laboratory, Alicante General University Hospital-Institute for Health and Biomedical Research (ISABIAL), CIBERER, 03010 Alicante, Spain
| | - Antonio C Fuentes-Fayos
- Maimonides Institute for Biomedical Research of Cordoba (IMIBIC), 14004 Córdoba, Spain
- Department of Cell Biology Physiology and Immunology, University of Cordoba, 14004 Córdoba, Spain
- Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía, 14004 Córdoba, Spain
- CIBER Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBERobn), 14004 Córdoba, Spain
| | - Carmen Fajardo
- Endocrinology Department, Hospital Universitario de La Ribera, 46600 Alzira, Valencia, Spain
| | - Cristina Lamas
- Endocrinology Department, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Albacete, 02006 Albacete, Spain
| | - Rosa Cámara
- Endocrinology Department, Hospital Universitario y Politécnico La Fe, 46026 Valencia, Spain
| | - Beatriz López-Muñoz
- Endocrinology Department, Alicante General University Hospital-ISABIAL, 03010 Alicante, Spain
| | - Ignacio Aranda
- Pathology Department, Alicante General University Hospital-ISABIAL, 03010 Alicante, Spain
| | - Raúl M Luque
- Maimonides Institute for Biomedical Research of Cordoba (IMIBIC), 14004 Córdoba, Spain
- Department of Cell Biology Physiology and Immunology, University of Cordoba, 14004 Córdoba, Spain
- Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía, 14004 Córdoba, Spain
- CIBER Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBERobn), 14004 Córdoba, Spain
| | - Antonio Picó
- Endocrinology Department, Alicante General University Hospital-ISABIAL, Miguel Hernández University, CIBERER, 03010 Alicante, Spain
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10
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Yu W, Chen FC, Xu WN, Ding SL, Chen PB, Yang L, Jiang SD, Pan XY. Inhibition of Y1 Receptor Promotes Osteogenesis in Bone Marrow Stromal Cells via cAMP/PKA/CREB Pathway. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2020; 11:583105. [PMID: 33240219 PMCID: PMC7683715 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2020.583105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2020] [Accepted: 10/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Inhibition of neuropeptide Y1 receptor stimulates osteogenesis in vitro and in vivo. However, the underlying mechanisms involved in these effects remain poorly understood. Here we identify the effects of Y1 receptor deficiency on osteogenic differentiation in human bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs) by using genetic and pharmacological regulation, and to explore the pathways mediating these effects. In BMSCs, inhibition of Y1 receptor stimulates osteogenesis and upregulates the expression levels of the master transcriptional factor RUNX2. Mechanistically, Y1 receptor deficiency increases the levels of intracellular cAMP, which via protein kinase A (PKA) mediated pathways results in activation of phospho-CREB (p-CREB). We find RUNX2 activation induced by Y1 receptor deficiency is reversed by H-89, a PKA inhibitor. These results indicate Y1 receptor deficiency activates PKA-mediated phosphorylation of CREB, leading to activation of RUNX2 and enhances osteogenic differentiation in BMSCs. In conclusion, these data indicate that Y1 receptor deficiency promotes osteogenic differentiation by RUNX2 stimulation through cAMP/PKA/CREB pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Yu
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
- Department of Clinic of Spine Center, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Fan-Cheng Chen
- Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wen-Ning Xu
- Department of Clinic of Spine Center, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Sheng-Long Ding
- Department of Orthopaedic, Qingpu Branch of Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Peng-Bo Chen
- Department of Clinic of Spine Center, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Lei Yang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Sheng-Dan Jiang
- Department of Clinic of Spine Center, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Xiao-Yun Pan, ; Sheng-Dan Jiang,
| | - Xiao-Yun Pan
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Xiao-Yun Pan, ; Sheng-Dan Jiang,
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11
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Leptin Modulates the Expression of miRNAs-Targeting POMC mRNA by the JAK2-STAT3 and PI3K-Akt Pathways. J Clin Med 2019; 8:jcm8122213. [PMID: 31847355 PMCID: PMC6947463 DOI: 10.3390/jcm8122213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2019] [Revised: 12/05/2019] [Accepted: 12/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The central control of energy balance involves a strongly regulated neuronal network within the hypothalamus and the brainstem. In these structures, pro-opiomelanocortin (POMC) neurons are known to decrease food intake and to increase energy expenditure. Thus, leptin, a peripheral signal that relays information regarding body fat content, modulates the activity of POMC neurons. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are short non-coding RNAs of 22–26 nucleotides that post-transcriptionally interfere with target gene expression by binding to their mRNAs. It has been demonstrated that leptin is able to modulate the expression of miRNAs (miR-383, miR-384-3p, and miR-488) that potentially target POMC mRNA. However, no study has identified the transduction pathways involved in this effect of leptin on miRNA expression. In addition, miRNAs targeting POMC mRNAs are not clearly identified. In this work, using in vitro models, we have identified and confirmed that miR-383, miR-384-3p, and miR-488 physically binds to the 3′ untranslated (3′UTR) regions of POMC mRNA. Importantly, we show that leptin inhibits these miRNAs expression by different transduction pathways. Taken together, these results allowed us to highlight the miRNA involvement in the regulation of POMC expression downstream of the leptin signaling and satiety signal integration.
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12
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Methyl Donor Deficiency during Gestation and Lactation in the Rat Affects the Expression of Neuropeptides and Related Receptors in the Hypothalamus. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20205097. [PMID: 31615150 PMCID: PMC6829491 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20205097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2019] [Revised: 10/04/2019] [Accepted: 10/12/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The micronutrients vitamins B9 and B12 act as methyl donors in the one-carbon metabolism involved in transmethylation reactions which critically influence epigenetic mechanisms and gene expression. Both vitamins are essential for proper development, and their deficiency during pregnancy has been associated with a wide range of disorders, including persisting growth retardation. Energy homeostasis and feeding are centrally regulated by the hypothalamus which integrates peripheral signals and acts through several orexigenic and anorexigenic mediators. We studied this regulating system in a rat model of methyl donor deficiency during gestation and lactation. At weaning, a predominance of the anorexigenic pathway was observed in deficient pups, with increased plasma peptide YY and increased hypothalamic pro-opiomelanocortin (POMC) mRNA, in line with abnormal leptin, ghrelin, and insulin secretion and/or signaling during critical periods of fetal and/or postnatal development of the hypothalamus. These results suggest that early methyl donor deficiency can affect the development and function of energy balance circuits, resulting in growth and weight deficits. Maternal administration of folic acid (3 mg/kg/day) during the perinatal period tended to rectify peripheral metabolic signaling and central neuropeptide and receptor expression, leading to reduced growth retardation.
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13
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Landrier JF, Derghal A, Mounien L. MicroRNAs in Obesity and Related Metabolic Disorders. Cells 2019; 8:cells8080859. [PMID: 31404962 PMCID: PMC6721826 DOI: 10.3390/cells8080859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 127] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2019] [Revised: 08/01/2019] [Accepted: 08/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Metabolic disorders are characterized by the inability to properly use and/or store energy. The burdens of metabolic disease, such as obesity or diabetes, are believed to arise through a complex interplay between genetics and epigenetics predisposition, environment and nutrition. Therefore, understanding the molecular mechanisms for the onset of metabolic disease will provide new insights for prevention and treatment. There is growing concern about the dysregulation of micro-RNAs (miRNAs) in metabolic diseases. MiRNAs are short non-coding RNA molecules that post-transcriptionally repress the expression of genes by binding to untranslated regions and coding sequences of the target mRNAs. This review aims to provide recent data about the potential involvement of miRNAs in metabolic diseases, particularly obesity and type 2 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Adel Derghal
- Aix Marseille Univ, INSERM, INRA, C2VN, 13005 Marseille, France
| | - Lourdes Mounien
- Aix Marseille Univ, INSERM, INRA, C2VN, 13005 Marseille, France.
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14
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Mounien L, Tourniaire F, Landrier JF. Anti-Obesity Effect of Carotenoids: Direct Impact on Adipose Tissue and Adipose Tissue-Driven Indirect Effects. Nutrients 2019; 11:nu11071562. [PMID: 31373317 PMCID: PMC6683027 DOI: 10.3390/nu11071562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2019] [Revised: 07/05/2019] [Accepted: 07/07/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
This review summarizes current knowledge on the biological relevance of carotenoids and some of their metabolites in obesity management. The relationship between carotenoids and obesity is considered in clinical studies and in preclinical studies. Adipose tissue is a key organ in obesity etiology and the main storage site for carotenoids. We thus first describe carotenoid metabolism in adipocyte and adipose tissue and the effects of carotenoids on biological processes in adipose tissue that may be linked to obesity management in in vitro and preclinical studies. It is also now well established that the brain is strongly involved in obesity processes. A section is accordingly devoted to the potential effect of carotenoids on obesity via their direct and/or adipose tissue-driven indirect biological effects on the brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lourdes Mounien
- Aix Marseille Univ, INSERM, INRA, C2VN, 13385 Marseille, France
| | - Franck Tourniaire
- Aix Marseille Univ, INSERM, INRA, C2VN, 13385 Marseille, France
- CriBioM, criblage biologique Marseille, faculté de Médecine de la Timone, 13256 Marseille, France
| | - Jean-Francois Landrier
- Aix Marseille Univ, INSERM, INRA, C2VN, 13385 Marseille, France.
- CriBioM, criblage biologique Marseille, faculté de Médecine de la Timone, 13256 Marseille, France.
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15
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Derghal A, Djelloul M, Azzarelli M, Degonon S, Tourniaire F, Landrier JF, Mounien L. MicroRNAs are involved in the hypothalamic leptin sensitivity. Epigenetics 2018; 13:1127-1140. [PMID: 30395773 DOI: 10.1080/15592294.2018.1543507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The central nervous system monitors modifications in metabolic parameters or hormone levels (leptin) and elicits adaptive responses such as food intake and glucose homeostasis regulation. Particularly, within the hypothalamus, pro-opiomelanocortin (POMC) neurons are crucial regulators of energy balance. Consistent with a pivotal role of the melanocortin system in the control of energy homeostasis, disruption of the Pomc gene causes hyperphagia and obesity. Pomc gene expression is tightly controlled by different mechanisms. Interestingly, recent studies pointed to a key role for micro ribonucleic acid (miRNAs) in the regulation of gene expression. However, the role of miRNAs in the leptin sensitivity in hypothalamic melanocortin system has never been assessed. We developed a transgenic mouse model (PDKO) with a partial deletion of the miRNA processing enzyme DICER specifically in POMC neurons. PDKO mice exhibited a normal body weight but a decrease of food intake. Interestingly, PDKO mice had decreased metabolic rate by reduction of VO2 consumption and CO2 production which could explain that PDKO mice have normal weight while eating less. Interestingly, we observed an increase of leptin sensitivity in the POMC neurons of PDKO mice which could explain the decrease of food intake in this model. We also observed an increase in the expression of genes involved in the function of brown adipose tissue that is in polysynaptic contact with the POMC neurons. In summary, these results support the hypothesis that Dicer-derived miRNAs may be involved in the effect of leptin on POMC neurons activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adel Derghal
- a Aix Marseille Univ, INSERM, INRA, C2VN , Marseille , France
| | - Mehdi Djelloul
- b Department of Cell and Molecular Biology , Karolinska Institute , Stockholm , Sweden
| | | | | | - Franck Tourniaire
- a Aix Marseille Univ, INSERM, INRA, C2VN , Marseille , France.,c Faculté de Médecine de la Timone , CriBioM, Criblage Biologique Marseille , Marseille , France
| | - Jean-François Landrier
- a Aix Marseille Univ, INSERM, INRA, C2VN , Marseille , France.,c Faculté de Médecine de la Timone , CriBioM, Criblage Biologique Marseille , Marseille , France
| | - Lourdes Mounien
- a Aix Marseille Univ, INSERM, INRA, C2VN , Marseille , France
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16
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Ávalos Y, Kerr B, Maliqueo M, Dorfman M. Cell and molecular mechanisms behind diet-induced hypothalamic inflammation and obesity. J Neuroendocrinol 2018; 30:e12598. [PMID: 29645315 DOI: 10.1111/jne.12598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2017] [Revised: 03/07/2018] [Accepted: 04/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Diet-induced obesity (DIO) is associated with chronic, low-grade inflammation in the hypothalamus, a key regulator of energy homeostasis. Current studies have revealed the involvement of different cell types, as well as cell and molecular mechanisms, that contribute to diet-induced hypothalamic inflammation (DIHI) and DIO. Subsequent to the discovery that high-fat diet and saturated fatty acids increase the expression of hypothalamic cytokines prior to weight gain, research has focused on understanding the cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying these changes, in addition to the role of inflammation in the pathogenesis of obesity. Recent studies have proposed that the inhibition of pro-inflammatory pathways in microglia and astrocytes is sufficient to protect against DIHI and prevent obesity. In addition, impairment of intracellular and epigenetic mechanisms, such as hypothalamic autophagy and changes in the methylation pattern of certain genes, have been implicated in susceptibility to DIHI and DIO. Interestingly, a sexual dimorphism has been found during DIO in hypothalamic inflammation, glial activation and metabolic diseases, and recent data support an important role of sex steroids in DIHI. These new exciting findings uncover novel obesity pathogenic mechanisms and provide targets to develop therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Ávalos
- Physiology Department, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - B Kerr
- Centro de Estudios Científicos, Valdivia, Chile
| | - M Maliqueo
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Laboratory, Department of Medicine West Division, School of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - M Dorfman
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington Diabetes Institute, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
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17
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Zhang J, Ma W, He Y, Dawar FU, Xiong S, Mei J. Potential Contributions of miR-200a/-200b and Their Target Gene-Leptin to the Sexual Size Dimorphism in Yellow Catfish. Front Physiol 2017; 8:970. [PMID: 29249979 PMCID: PMC5714929 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2017.00970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2017] [Accepted: 11/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Sexual size dimorphism is the consequence of differential expression of sex-biased genes related to feeding and growth. Leptin is known to regulate energy balance by regulating food intake. In order to investigate the molecular mechanism of sexual size dimorphism in yellow catfish (Pelteobagrus fulvidraco), the expression of leptin (lep) and its functional receptor (lepr) were detected during larval development. Both lep and lepr have lower expression in males than in females during 1–4 weeks post hatching. 17a-Methyltestosterone (MT) treatment resulted in decreased expression of lep and lepr in both male and female larval fish. Interestingly, the mRNA levels of lep and lepr in juvenile male were significantly decreased compared with juvenile female during short-term fasting periods. Lep was predicted to be a potential target of miR-200a and miR-200b that had an opposite expression pattern to lep in male and female larvas. The results of luciferase reporter assay suggested that lep is a target of miR-200a/-200b. Subsequently, male hormone and fasting treatment have opposite effects on the expression of miR-200a/-200b and lep between males and females. In summary, our results suggest that sexual size dimorphism in fish species is probably caused by the sexually dimorphic expression of leptin, which could be negatively regulated by miR-200a/-200b.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Animal Breeding, College of Fisheries, Ministry of Agriculture, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Wenge Ma
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Animal Breeding, College of Fisheries, Ministry of Agriculture, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yan He
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Animal Breeding, College of Fisheries, Ministry of Agriculture, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Farman U Dawar
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Animal Breeding, College of Fisheries, Ministry of Agriculture, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China.,Department of Zoology, Kohat University of Science and Technology, Kohat, Pakistan
| | - Shuting Xiong
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Animal Breeding, College of Fisheries, Ministry of Agriculture, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Jie Mei
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Animal Breeding, College of Fisheries, Ministry of Agriculture, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
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