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Kau YL, Lin IH, Juang CL, Chang CK, Ho WH, Wen HC. Metabolite Variations in the Hippocampus and Corpus Callosum of Patients with Mild Cognitive Impairment Using Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy with Three-Dimensional Chemical Shift Images. Brain Sci 2023; 13:1244. [PMID: 37759845 PMCID: PMC10526271 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci13091244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Revised: 07/30/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
This study compared the metabolites in the brain regions of hippocampus and corpus callosum between patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and healthy controls using no-radiation and high-sensitivity magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) with three-dimensional chemical shift images (3D-CSI). Twenty volunteers (seven patients with MCI and 13 healthy controls) aged 50-71 years were recruited for this prospective study. MRS with 3D-CSI images of a variety of metabolites was collected from the hippocampus and corpus callosum. Sex and weight showed no significant differences between the two groups. The metabolite levels in the hippocampus and corpus callosum of the MCI group were generally lower than in those of the healthy group, especially for creatine (p < 0.001 in the hippocampus and p = 0.020 in the corpus callosum) and N-acetyl aspartate/creatine (p < 0.001 in the hippocampus and p = 0.020 in the corpus callosum); however, choline/creatine showed a significant difference (p < 0.001) only in the hippocampus, and myo-inositol/creatine showed a significant difference (p < 0.001) only in the corpus callosum. Our study demonstrated that MRS with 3D-CSI can be used to measure these metabolite levels to determine the differences between patients with MCI and healthy individuals. This would aid early diagnosis of MCI in clinical practice, and patients could receive prompt intervention to improve their quality of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yen-Lon Kau
- Department of Medical Imaging, Camillian St. Mary’s Hospital, Luodong, Yilan 265502, Taiwan; (Y.-L.K.); (W.-H.H.)
- Department of Medical Imaging and Radiological Sciences, Yuanpei University, Hsinchu 30015, Taiwan;
| | - I-Hung Lin
- Nobel Eye Institute, Taipei 100008, Taiwan;
- Department of Ophthalmology, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 100, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Long Juang
- Department of Medical Imaging and Radiological Sciences, Yuanpei University, Hsinchu 30015, Taiwan;
| | - Chao-Kai Chang
- Nobel Eye Institute, Taipei 100008, Taiwan;
- Department of Optometry, Yuanpei University, Hsinchu 30015, Taiwan;
| | - Wen-Hsiang Ho
- Department of Medical Imaging, Camillian St. Mary’s Hospital, Luodong, Yilan 265502, Taiwan; (Y.-L.K.); (W.-H.H.)
| | - Hsiao-Chuan Wen
- Department of Pet Healthcare, Yuanpei University, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan
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2
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Sorce DJ, Michaeli S. On the geometric phases during radio frequency pulses with sine and cosine amplitude and frequency modulation. AIP ADVANCES 2023; 13:085210. [PMID: 37584043 PMCID: PMC10424156 DOI: 10.1063/5.0138779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2022] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/17/2023]
Abstract
In this work, we describe the formation of geometric phases during nonadiabatic frequency swept (FS) radio frequency (RF) pulses with sine amplitude modulation and cosine frequency modulation functions. The geometric phases during the FS pulse were analyzed using a Schrödinger equation formalism, and the unified analytical expression for the geometric phase was derived. We present the solutions for sub-geometric phase components incorporated in spinor wavefunctions for the RF Hamiltonian of spin ½ nuclei. We demonstrate that the geometric phases during sine/cosine RF pulses are opposite in signs for different initial conditions of the spinor and that geometric phases can accumulate in correspondence to different magnetization trajectories. The derived formalism could be extended for the evaluation of the geometric phases during a wide class of amplitude- and frequency-modulated pulses used in MRI and in high-resolution NMR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dennis J. Sorce
- Independent Researcher, 6 Stonegate Court, Cockeysville, Maryland 21030, USA
| | - Shalom Michaeli
- Center for Magnetic Resonance Research, University of Minnesota, 2021 6th Street SE, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, USAs
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Baldassarro VA, Stanzani A, Giardino L, Calzà L, Lorenzini L. Neuroprotection and neuroregeneration: roles for the white matter. Neural Regen Res 2022; 17:2376-2380. [PMID: 35535874 PMCID: PMC9120696 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.335834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Efficient strategies for neuroprotection and repair are still an unmet medical need for neurodegenerative diseases and lesions of the central nervous system. Over the last few decades, a great deal of attention has been focused on white matter as a potential therapeutic target, mainly due to the discovery of the oligodendrocyte precursor cells in the adult central nervous system, a cell type able to fully repair myelin damage, and to the development of advanced imaging techniques to visualize and measure white matter lesions. The combination of these two events has greatly increased the body of research into white matter alterations in central nervous system lesions and neurodegenerative diseases and has identified the oligodendrocyte precursor cell as a putative target for white matter lesion repair, thus indirectly contributing to neuroprotection. This review aims to discuss the potential of white matter as a therapeutic target for neuroprotection in lesions and diseases of the central nervous system. Pivot conditions are discussed, specifically multiple sclerosis as a white matter disease; spinal cord injury, the acute lesion of a central nervous system component where white matter prevails over the gray matter, and Alzheimer's disease, where the white matter was considered an ancillary component until recently. We first describe oligodendrocyte precursor cell biology and developmental myelination, and its regulation by thyroid hormones, then briefly describe white matter imaging techniques, which are providing information on white matter involvement in central nervous system lesions and degenerative diseases. Finally, we discuss pathological mechanisms which interfere with myelin repair in adulthood.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Agnese Stanzani
- Interdepartmental Center for Industrial Research in Life Sciences and Technologies, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Luciana Giardino
- Department of Veterinary Medical Science, University of Bologna, Bologna; Fondazione IRET, Ozzano Emilia, Italy
| | - Laura Calzà
- Fondazione IRET, Ozzano Emilia; Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, Bologna; Montecatone Rehabilitation Institute, Imola, Italy
| | - Luca Lorenzini
- Department of Veterinary Medical Science, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
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Bencurova P, Laakso H, Salo RA, Paasonen E, Manninen E, Paasonen J, Michaeli S, Mangia S, Bares M, Brazdil M, Kubova H, Gröhn O. Infantile status epilepticus disrupts myelin development. Neurobiol Dis 2022; 162:105566. [PMID: 34838665 PMCID: PMC8845085 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2021.105566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2021] [Revised: 11/12/2021] [Accepted: 11/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) is the most prevalent type of epilepsy in adults; it often starts in infancy or early childhood. Although TLE is primarily considered to be a grey matter pathology, a growing body of evidence links this disease with white matter abnormalities. In this study, we explore the impact of TLE onset and progression in the immature brain on white matter integrity and development utilising the rat model of Li-pilocarpine-induced TLE at the 12th postnatal day (P). Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) and Black-Gold II histology uncovered disruptions in major white matter tracks (corpus callosum, internal and external capsules, and deep cerebral white matter) spreading through the whole brain at P28. These abnormalities were mostly not present any longer at three months after TLE induction, with only limited abnormalities detectable in the external capsule and deep cerebral white matter. Relaxation Along a Fictitious Field in the rotating frame of rank 4 indicated that white matter changes observed at both timepoints, P28 and P72, are consistent with decreased myelin content. The animals affected by TLE-induced white matter abnormalities exhibited increased functional connectivity between the thalamus and medial prefrontal and somatosensory cortex in adulthood. Furthermore, histological analyses of additional animal groups at P15 and P18 showed only mild changes in white matter integrity, suggesting a gradual age-dependent impact of TLE progression. Taken together, TLE progression in the immature brain distorts white matter development with a peak around postnatal day 28, followed by substantial recovery in adulthood. This developmental delay might give rise to cognitive and behavioural comorbidities typical for early-onset TLE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petra Bencurova
- CEITEC - Central European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic; Department of Neurology, St. Anne's University Hospital and Medical Faculty of Masaryk University, Pekarska 53, 656 91 Brno, Czech Republic.
| | - Hanne Laakso
- A.I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, PO Box 1627, FI-70211 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Raimo A Salo
- A.I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, PO Box 1627, FI-70211 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Ekaterina Paasonen
- A.I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, PO Box 1627, FI-70211 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Eppu Manninen
- A.I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, PO Box 1627, FI-70211 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Jaakko Paasonen
- A.I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, PO Box 1627, FI-70211 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Shalom Michaeli
- Center for Magnetic Resonance Research, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States
| | - Silvia Mangia
- Center for Magnetic Resonance Research, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States
| | - Martin Bares
- Department of Neurology, St. Anne's University Hospital and Medical Faculty of Masaryk University, Pekarska 53, 656 91 Brno, Czech Republic; Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States
| | - Milan Brazdil
- CEITEC - Central European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic; Department of Neurology, St. Anne's University Hospital and Medical Faculty of Masaryk University, Pekarska 53, 656 91 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Hana Kubova
- Academy of Sciences Czech Republic, Institute of Physiology, Department of Developmental Epileptology, Videnska 1083, 14220 Prague, Czech Republic.
| | - Olli Gröhn
- A.I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, PO Box 1627, FI-70211 Kuopio, Finland
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Lazari A, Lipp I. Can MRI measure myelin? Systematic review, qualitative assessment, and meta-analysis of studies validating microstructural imaging with myelin histology. Neuroimage 2021; 230:117744. [PMID: 33524576 PMCID: PMC8063174 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2021.117744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2020] [Revised: 01/05/2021] [Accepted: 01/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent years have seen an increased understanding of the importance of myelination in healthy brain function and neuropsychiatric diseases. Non-invasive microstructural magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) holds the potential to expand and translate these insights to basic and clinical human research, but the sensitivity and specificity of different MR markers to myelination is a subject of debate. To consolidate current knowledge on the topic, we perform a systematic review and meta-analysis of studies that validate microstructural imaging by combining it with myelin histology. We find meta-analytic evidence for correlations between various myelin histology metrics and markers from different MRI modalities, including fractional anisotropy, radial diffusivity, macromolecular pool, magnetization transfer ratio, susceptibility and longitudinal relaxation rate, but not mean diffusivity. Meta-analytic correlation effect sizes range widely, between R2 = 0.26 and R2 = 0.82. However, formal comparisons between MRI-based myelin markers are limited by methodological variability, inconsistent reporting and potential for publication bias, thus preventing the establishment of a single most sensitive strategy to measure myelin with MRI. To facilitate further progress, we provide a detailed characterisation of the evaluated studies as an online resource. We also share a set of 12 recommendations for future studies validating putative MR-based myelin markers and deploying them in vivo in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alberto Lazari
- Wellcome Centre for Integrative Neuroimaging, FMRIB, Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, UK
| | - Ilona Lipp
- Department of Neurophysics, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany.
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In vivo tensor-valued diffusion MRI of focal demyelination in white and deep grey matter of rodents. NEUROIMAGE-CLINICAL 2021; 30:102675. [PMID: 34215146 PMCID: PMC8100629 DOI: 10.1016/j.nicl.2021.102675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2021] [Revised: 03/22/2021] [Accepted: 03/24/2021] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
We performed in-vivo tensor-valued diffusion MRI in demyelinating rodents. Lysolecithin was injected in white and deep grey matter to cause focal demyelination. Focal demyelination reduced microscopic fractional anisotropy (µFA). Isotropic kurtosis may be particularly sensitive to deep grey matter lesions.
Background Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic inflammatory demyelinating disease leading to damage of white matter (WM) and grey matter (GM). Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is the modality of choice to assess brain damage in MS, but there is an unmet need in MRI for achieving higher sensitivity and specificity to MS-related microstructural alterations in WM and GM. Objective To explore whether tensor-valued diffusion MRI (dMRI) can yield sensitive microstructural read-outs for focal demyelination in cerebral WM and deep GM (DGM). Methods Eight rats underwent L-α-Lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC) injections in the WM and striatum to introduce focal demyelination. Multimodal MRI was performed at 7 Tesla after 7 days. Tensor-valued dMRI was complemented by diffusion tensor imaging, quantitative MRI and proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS). Results Quantitative MRI and MRS confirmed that LPC injections caused inflammatory demyelinating lesions in WM and DGM. Tensor-valued dMRI illustrated a significant decline of microscopic fractional anisotropy (µFA) in both LPC-treated WM and DGM (P < 0.005) along with a marked increase of isotropic kurtosis (MKI) in DGM (P < 0.0001). Conclusion Tensor-valued dMRI bears considerable potential for microstructural imaging in MS, suggesting a regional µFA decrease may be a sensitive indicator of MS lesions, while a regional MKI increase may be particularly sensitive in detecting DGM lesions of MS.
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Holikova K, Laakso H, Salo R, Shatillo A, Nurmi A, Bares M, Vanicek J, Michaeli S, Mangia S, Sierra A, Gröhn O. RAFF-4, Magnetization Transfer and Diffusion Tensor MRI of Lysophosphatidylcholine Induced Demyelination and Remyelination in Rats. Front Neurosci 2021; 15:625167. [PMID: 33746698 PMCID: PMC7969884 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2021.625167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2020] [Accepted: 02/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Remyelination is a naturally occurring response to demyelination and has a central role in the pathophysiology of multiple sclerosis and traumatic brain injury. Recently we demonstrated that a novel MRI technique entitled Relaxation Along a Fictitious Field (RAFF) in the rotating frame of rank n (RAFFn) achieved exceptional sensitivity in detecting the demyelination processes induced by lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC) in rat brain. In the present work, our aim was to test whether RAFF4, along with magnetization transfer (MT) and diffusion tensor imaging (DTI), would be capable of detecting the changes in the myelin content and microstructure caused by modifications of myelin sheets around axons or by gliosis during the remyelination phase after LPC-induced demyelination in the corpus callosum of rats. We collected MRI data with RAFF4, MT and DTI at 3 days after injection (demyelination stage) and at 38 days after injection (remyelination stage) of LPC (n = 12) or vehicle (n = 9). Cell density and myelin content were assessed by histology. All MRI metrics detected differences between LPC-injected and control groups of animals in the demyelination stage, on day 3. In the remyelination phase (day 38), RAFF4, MT parameters, fractional anisotropy, and axial diffusivity detected signs of a partial recovery consistent with the remyelination evident in histology. Radial diffusivity had undergone a further increase from day 3 to 38 and mean diffusivity revealed a complete recovery correlating with the histological assessment of cell density attributed to gliosis. The combination of RAFF4, MT and DTI has the potential to differentiate between normal, demyelinated and remyelinated axons and gliosis and thus it may be able to provide a more detailed assessment of white matter pathologies in several neurological diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Klara Holikova
- Department of Medical Imaging, St. Anne's University Hospital Brno and Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czechia
| | - Hanne Laakso
- A.I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Raimo Salo
- A.I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | | | | | - Martin Bares
- First Department of Neurology, St. Anne's University Hospital Brno and Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czechia.,Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, Untied States
| | - Jiri Vanicek
- Department of Medical Imaging, St. Anne's University Hospital Brno and Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czechia
| | - Shalom Michaeli
- Center for Magnetic Resonance Research, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, Untied States
| | - Silvia Mangia
- Center for Magnetic Resonance Research, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, Untied States
| | - Alejandra Sierra
- A.I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Olli Gröhn
- A.I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
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Somkuwar SS, Villalpando EG, Quach LW, Head BP, McKenna BS, Scadeng M, Mandyam CD. Abstinence from ethanol dependence produces concomitant cortical gray matter abnormalities, microstructural deficits and cognitive dysfunction. Eur Neuropsychopharmacol 2021; 42:22-34. [PMID: 33279357 PMCID: PMC7797163 DOI: 10.1016/j.euroneuro.2020.11.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2020] [Revised: 10/12/2020] [Accepted: 11/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Previous studies demonstrate that ethanol dependence induced by repeating cycles of chronic intermittent ethanol vapor exposure (CIE) followed by protracted abstinence (CIE-PA) produces significant alterations in oligodendrogenesis in the rodent medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC). Specifically, CIE-PA produced an unprecedented increase in premyelinating oligodendroglial progenitor cells and myelin, which have been associated with persistent elevated drinking behaviors during abstinence. The current study used neuroimaging and electron microscopy to evaluate the integrity of enhanced myelin and microstructural deficits underlying enhanced myelination in the mPFC in male rats experiencing forced abstinence for 1 day (D), 7D, 21D and 42D following seven weeks of CIE. In vivo diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) detected altered microstructural integrity in the mPFC and corpus callosum (CC). Altered integrity was characterized as reduced fractional anisotropy (FA) in the CC, and enhanced mean diffusivity (MD) in the mPFC in 7D abstinent rats. Increased MD occurred concomitantly with increases in myelin associated proteins, flayed myelin and enhanced mitochondrial stress in the mPFC in 7D abstinent rats, suggesting that the increases in myelination during abstinence was aberrant. Evaluation of cognitive performance via Pavlovian conditioning in 7D abstinent rats revealed reduced retrieval and recall of fear memories dependent on the mPFC. These findings indicate that forced abstinence from moderate to severe alcohol use disorder produces gray matter damage via myelin dysfunction in the mPFC and that these microstructural changes were associated with deficits in PFC dependent behaviors.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Leon W Quach
- VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, CA 92161, USA
| | - Brian P Head
- VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, CA 92161, USA; Departments of Anesthesiology, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA 92161, USA
| | - Benjamin S McKenna
- Departments of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA 92161, USA
| | - Miriam Scadeng
- Departments of Radiology, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA 92161, USA
| | - Chitra D Mandyam
- VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, CA 92161, USA; Departments of Anesthesiology, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA 92161, USA.
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van der Weijden CWJ, García DV, Borra RJH, Thurner P, Meilof JF, van Laar PJ, Dierckx RAJO, Gutmann IW, de Vries EFJ. Myelin quantification with MRI: A systematic review of accuracy and reproducibility. Neuroimage 2020; 226:117561. [PMID: 33189927 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2020.117561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2020] [Revised: 10/27/2020] [Accepted: 11/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Currently, multiple sclerosis is treated with anti-inflammatory therapies, but these treatments lack efficacy in progressive disease. New treatment strategies aim to repair myelin damage and efficacy evaluation of such new therapies would benefit from validated myelin imaging techniques. Several MRI methods for quantification of myelin density are available now. This systematic review aims to analyse the performance of these MRI methods. METHODS Studies comparing myelin quantification by MRI with histology, the current gold standard, or assessing reproducibility were retrieved from PubMed/MEDLINE and Embase (until December 2019). Included studies assessed both myelin histology and MRI quantitatively. Correlation or variance measurements were extracted from the studies. Non-parametric tests were used to analyse differences in study methodologies. RESULTS The search yielded 1348 unique articles. Twenty-two animal studies and 13 human studies correlated myelin MRI with histology. Eighteen clinical studies analysed the reproducibility. Overall bias risk was low or unclear. All MRI methods performed comparably, with a mean correlation between MRI and histology of R2=0.54 (SD=0.30) for animal studies, and R2=0.54 (SD=0.18) for human studies. Reproducibility for the MRI methods was good (ICC=0.75-0.93, R2=0.90-0.98, COV=1.3-27%), except for MTR (ICC=0.05-0.51). CONCLUSIONS Overall, MRI-based myelin imaging methods show a fairly good correlation with histology and a good reproducibility. However, the amount of validation data is too limited and the variability in performance between studies is too large to select the optimal MRI method for myelin quantification yet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chris W J van der Weijden
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9713 GZ Groningen, the Netherlands.
| | - David Vállez García
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9713 GZ Groningen, the Netherlands; Department of Radiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9713 GZ Groningen, the Netherlands.
| | - Ronald J H Borra
- Department of Radiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9713 GZ Groningen, the Netherlands.
| | - Patrick Thurner
- Universitätsklinik für Radiologie und Nuklearmedizin, Medizinische Universität Wien, Währinger Gürtel 18-20, 1090 Wien, Austria.
| | - Jan F Meilof
- Multiple Sclerosis Center Noord Nederland, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9713 GZ Groningen, the Netherlands.
| | - Peter-Jan van Laar
- Department of Radiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9713 GZ Groningen, the Netherlands; Department of Radiology, Zorggroep Twente, Zilvermeeuw 1, 7609 PP Almelo, the Netherlands.
| | - Rudi A J O Dierckx
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9713 GZ Groningen, the Netherlands.
| | - Ingomar W Gutmann
- Physics of Functional Material, Faculty of Physics, University of Vienna, Boltzmanngasse 5, 1090 Vienna, Austria.
| | - Erik F J de Vries
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9713 GZ Groningen, the Netherlands.
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Mancini M, Karakuzu A, Cohen-Adad J, Cercignani M, Nichols TE, Stikov N. An interactive meta-analysis of MRI biomarkers of myelin. eLife 2020; 9:e61523. [PMID: 33084576 PMCID: PMC7647401 DOI: 10.7554/elife.61523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2020] [Accepted: 10/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Several MRI measures have been proposed as in vivo biomarkers of myelin, each with applications ranging from plasticity to pathology. Despite the availability of these myelin-sensitive modalities, specificity and sensitivity have been a matter of discussion. Debate about which MRI measure is the most suitable for quantifying myelin is still ongoing. In this study, we performed a systematic review of published quantitative validation studies to clarify how different these measures are when compared to the underlying histology. We analyzed the results from 43 studies applying meta-analysis tools, controlling for study sample size and using interactive visualization (https://neurolibre.github.io/myelin-meta-analysis). We report the overall estimates and the prediction intervals for the coefficient of determination and find that MT and relaxometry-based measures exhibit the highest correlations with myelin content. We also show which measures are, and which measures are not statistically different regarding their relationship with histology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matteo Mancini
- Department of Neuroscience, Brighton and Sussex Medical School, University of SussexBrightonUnited Kingdom
- NeuroPoly Lab, Polytechnique MontrealMontrealCanada
- CUBRIC, Cardiff UniversityCardiffUnited Kingdom
| | | | - Julien Cohen-Adad
- NeuroPoly Lab, Polytechnique MontrealMontrealCanada
- Functional Neuroimaging Unit, CRIUGM, Université de MontréalMontrealCanada
| | - Mara Cercignani
- Department of Neuroscience, Brighton and Sussex Medical School, University of SussexBrightonUnited Kingdom
- Neuroimaging Laboratory, Fondazione Santa LuciaRomeItaly
| | - Thomas E Nichols
- Wellcome Centre for Integrative Neuroimaging (WIN FMRIB), University of OxfordOxfordUnited Kingdom
- Big Data Institute, University of OxfordOxfordUnited Kingdom
| | - Nikola Stikov
- NeuroPoly Lab, Polytechnique MontrealMontrealCanada
- Montreal Heart Institute, Université de MontréalMontrealCanada
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11
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Signal alterations of glutamate-weighted chemical exchange saturation transfer MRI in lysophosphatidylcholine-induced demyelination in the rat brain. Brain Res Bull 2020; 164:334-338. [PMID: 32926951 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2020.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2020] [Revised: 08/10/2020] [Accepted: 09/05/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To compare in vivo glutamate-weighted chemical exchange saturation transfer (GluCEST-weighted) signal changes between in a rat model of demyelinated multiple sclerosis and control groups. PROCEDURES Using a pre-clinical 7 T magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) system, CEST imaging was applied to a toxin (lysophosphatidylcholine; LPC) induced rat (MSLPC) and control (CTRL) groups to compare in vivo glutamate signal changes. The GluCEST-weighted signals were analyzed based on the magnetization transfer ratio asymmetry approach at 3.0 ppm on the region-of-interests (ROIs) in the corpus callosum and hippocampus at each hemispheric region. RESULTS GluCEST-weighted signals were significantly changed between the CTRL and MSLPC groups, while higher glutamate signals were indicated in the MSLPC than the CTRL group ([MSLPC / CTRL]; hippocampus: [6.159 ± 0.790 / 4.336 ± 0.446] and corpus callosum: [-3.545 ± 0.945 / -6.038 ± 0.620], all p = 0.001). CONCLUSIONS Our results show increased GluCEST-weighted signals in the LPC-induced demyelination rat brain compared with control. GluCEST-weighted imaging could be a useful tool for defining a biomarker to estimate the glutamate-related metabolism in MS.
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Law SH, Chan ML, Marathe GK, Parveen F, Chen CH, Ke LY. An Updated Review of Lysophosphatidylcholine Metabolism in Human Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20051149. [PMID: 30845751 PMCID: PMC6429061 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20051149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 407] [Impact Index Per Article: 81.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2019] [Revised: 02/27/2019] [Accepted: 02/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC) is increasingly recognized as a key marker/factor positively associated with cardiovascular and neurodegenerative diseases. However, findings from recent clinical lipidomic studies of LPC have been controversial. A key issue is the complexity of the enzymatic cascade involved in LPC metabolism. Here, we address the coordination of these enzymes and the derangement that may disrupt LPC homeostasis, leading to metabolic disorders. LPC is mainly derived from the turnover of phosphatidylcholine (PC) in the circulation by phospholipase A2 (PLA2). In the presence of Acyl-CoA, lysophosphatidylcholine acyltransferase (LPCAT) converts LPC to PC, which rapidly gets recycled by the Lands cycle. However, overexpression or enhanced activity of PLA2 increases the LPC content in modified low-density lipoprotein (LDL) and oxidized LDL, which play significant roles in the development of atherosclerotic plaques and endothelial dysfunction. The intracellular enzyme LPCAT cannot directly remove LPC from circulation. Hydrolysis of LPC by autotaxin, an enzyme with lysophospholipase D activity, generates lysophosphatidic acid, which is highly associated with cancers. Although enzymes with lysophospholipase A1 activity could theoretically degrade LPC into harmless metabolites, they have not been found in the circulation. In conclusion, understanding enzyme kinetics and LPC metabolism may help identify novel therapeutic targets in LPC-associated diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shi-Hui Law
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, College of Health Sciences, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan.
| | - Mei-Lin Chan
- Center for Lipid Biosciences, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan.
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, MacKay Memorial Hospital, MacKay Medical College, Taipei 10449, Taiwan.
| | - Gopal K Marathe
- Department of Studies in Biochemistry, Manasagangothri, University of Mysore, Mysore-570006, India.
| | - Farzana Parveen
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, College of Health Sciences, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan.
| | - Chu-Huang Chen
- Center for Lipid Biosciences, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan.
- Lipid Science and Aging Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan.
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan.
- Vascular and Medicinal Research, Texas Heart Institute, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
| | - Liang-Yin Ke
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, College of Health Sciences, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan.
- Center for Lipid Biosciences, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan.
- Lipid Science and Aging Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan.
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan.
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