1
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Massacci G, Venafra V, Zwiebel M, Wahle M, Cerroni R, Bissacco J, Perfetto L, Michienzi V, Stefani A, Mercuri NB, Schirinzi T, Sacco F. Stage-dependent phosphoproteome remodeling of Parkinson's disease blood cells. Neurobiol Dis 2024:106622. [PMID: 39097034 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2024.106622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2024] [Revised: 07/29/2024] [Accepted: 07/29/2024] [Indexed: 08/05/2024] Open
Abstract
The complexity and heterogeneity of PD necessitate advanced diagnostic and prognostic tools to elucidate its molecular mechanisms accurately. In this study, we addressed this challenge by conducting a pilot phospho-proteomic analysis of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from idiopathic PD patients at varying disease stages to delineate the functional alterations occurring in these cells throughout the disease course and identify key molecules and pathways contributing to PD progression. By integrating clinical data with phospho-proteomic profiles across various PD stages, we identify potential stage-specific molecular signatures indicative of disease progression. This integrative approach allows for the discernment of distinct disease states and enhances our understanding of PD heterogeneity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giorgia Massacci
- Department of Biology, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Veronica Venafra
- PhD Program in Cellular and Molecular Biology, Department of Biology, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Maximilian Zwiebel
- Department Proteomics and Signal Transduction, Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry, Martinsried, Germany
| | - Maria Wahle
- Department Proteomics and Signal Transduction, Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry, Martinsried, Germany
| | - Rocco Cerroni
- Neurology Unit - Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Jacopo Bissacco
- Neurology Unit - Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Livia Perfetto
- Department of Biology and Biotechnologies "Charles Darwin", University of Rome La Sapienza, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Vito Michienzi
- Neurology Unit - Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Alessandro Stefani
- Neurology Unit - Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Nicola Biagio Mercuri
- Neurology Unit - Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Tommaso Schirinzi
- Neurology Unit - Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy.
| | - Francesca Sacco
- Department of Biology, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy; Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine (TIGEM), Pozzuoli, Naples, Italy
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2
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Abela L, Gianfrancesco L, Tagliatti E, Rossignoli G, Barwick K, Zourray C, Reid KM, Budinger D, Ng J, Counsell J, Simpson A, Pearson TS, Edvardson S, Elpeleg O, Brodsky FM, Lignani G, Barral S, Kurian MA. Neurodevelopmental and synaptic defects in DNAJC6 parkinsonism, amenable to gene therapy. Brain 2024; 147:2023-2037. [PMID: 38242634 PMCID: PMC11146427 DOI: 10.1093/brain/awae020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Revised: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 12/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/21/2024] Open
Abstract
DNAJC6 encodes auxilin, a co-chaperone protein involved in clathrin-mediated endocytosis (CME) at the presynaptic terminal. Biallelic mutations in DNAJC6 cause a complex, early-onset neurodegenerative disorder characterized by rapidly progressive parkinsonism-dystonia in childhood. The disease is commonly associated with additional neurodevelopmental, neurological and neuropsychiatric features. Currently, there are no disease-modifying treatments for this condition, resulting in significant morbidity and risk of premature mortality. To investigate the underlying disease mechanisms in childhood-onset DNAJC6 parkinsonism, we generated induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSC) from three patients harbouring pathogenic loss-of-function DNAJC6 mutations and subsequently developed a midbrain dopaminergic neuronal model of disease. When compared to age-matched and CRISPR-corrected isogenic controls, the neuronal cell model revealed disease-specific auxilin deficiency as well as disturbance of synaptic vesicle recycling and homeostasis. We also observed neurodevelopmental dysregulation affecting ventral midbrain patterning and neuronal maturation. To explore the feasibility of a viral vector-mediated gene therapy approach, iPSC-derived neuronal cultures were treated with lentiviral DNAJC6 gene transfer, which restored auxilin expression and rescued CME. Our patient-derived neuronal model provides deeper insights into the molecular mechanisms of auxilin deficiency as well as a robust platform for the development of targeted precision therapy approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucia Abela
- Developmental Neurosciences, Zayed Centre for Research into Rare Disease in Children, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, London, WC1N 1DZ, UK
| | - Lorita Gianfrancesco
- Developmental Neurosciences, Zayed Centre for Research into Rare Disease in Children, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, London, WC1N 1DZ, UK
| | - Erica Tagliatti
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Epilepsy, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, WC1N 3BG, UK
- Laboratory of Pharmacology and Brain Pathology, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, 20089 Milano, Italy
| | - Giada Rossignoli
- Developmental Neurosciences, Zayed Centre for Research into Rare Disease in Children, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, London, WC1N 1DZ, UK
| | - Katy Barwick
- Developmental Neurosciences, Zayed Centre for Research into Rare Disease in Children, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, London, WC1N 1DZ, UK
| | - Clara Zourray
- Developmental Neurosciences, Zayed Centre for Research into Rare Disease in Children, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, London, WC1N 1DZ, UK
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Epilepsy, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, WC1N 3BG, UK
| | - Kimberley M Reid
- Developmental Neurosciences, Zayed Centre for Research into Rare Disease in Children, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, London, WC1N 1DZ, UK
| | - Dimitri Budinger
- Developmental Neurosciences, Zayed Centre for Research into Rare Disease in Children, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, London, WC1N 1DZ, UK
| | - Joanne Ng
- Developmental Neurosciences, Zayed Centre for Research into Rare Disease in Children, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, London, WC1N 1DZ, UK
- Genetic Therapy Accelerator Centre, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, WC1N 3BG, UK
| | - John Counsell
- Developmental Neurosciences, Zayed Centre for Research into Rare Disease in Children, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, London, WC1N 1DZ, UK
| | - Arlo Simpson
- Developmental Neurosciences, Zayed Centre for Research into Rare Disease in Children, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, London, WC1N 1DZ, UK
| | - Toni S Pearson
- Department of Neurology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032-3784, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Nationwide Children’s Hospital, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
- Department of Neurology, Nationwide Children’s Hospital, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Simon Edvardson
- Department of Genetics, Hadassah, Hebrew University Medical Center, 9574869 Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Orly Elpeleg
- Department of Genetics, Hadassah, Hebrew University Medical Center, 9574869 Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Frances M Brodsky
- Research Department of Structural and Molecular Biology, Division of Biosciences, University College London, London, WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Gabriele Lignani
- Developmental Neurosciences, Zayed Centre for Research into Rare Disease in Children, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, London, WC1N 1DZ, UK
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Epilepsy, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, WC1N 3BG, UK
| | - Serena Barral
- Developmental Neurosciences, Zayed Centre for Research into Rare Disease in Children, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, London, WC1N 1DZ, UK
| | - Manju A Kurian
- Developmental Neurosciences, Zayed Centre for Research into Rare Disease in Children, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, London, WC1N 1DZ, UK
- Department of Neurology, Great Ormond Street Hospital, London, WC1N 3JH, UK
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3
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Holfeld A, Schuster D, Sesterhenn F, Gillingham AK, Stalder P, Haenseler W, Barrio-Hernandez I, Ghosh D, Vowles J, Cowley SA, Nagel L, Khanppnavar B, Serdiuk T, Beltrao P, Korkhov VM, Munro S, Riek R, de Souza N, Picotti P. Systematic identification of structure-specific protein-protein interactions. Mol Syst Biol 2024; 20:651-675. [PMID: 38702390 PMCID: PMC11148107 DOI: 10.1038/s44320-024-00037-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Revised: 04/12/2024] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/06/2024] Open
Abstract
The physical interactome of a protein can be altered upon perturbation, modulating cell physiology and contributing to disease. Identifying interactome differences of normal and disease states of proteins could help understand disease mechanisms, but current methods do not pinpoint structure-specific PPIs and interaction interfaces proteome-wide. We used limited proteolysis-mass spectrometry (LiP-MS) to screen for structure-specific PPIs by probing for protease susceptibility changes of proteins in cellular extracts upon treatment with specific structural states of a protein. We first demonstrated that LiP-MS detects well-characterized PPIs, including antibody-target protein interactions and interactions with membrane proteins, and that it pinpoints interfaces, including epitopes. We then applied the approach to study conformation-specific interactors of the Parkinson's disease hallmark protein alpha-synuclein (aSyn). We identified known interactors of aSyn monomer and amyloid fibrils and provide a resource of novel putative conformation-specific aSyn interactors for validation in further studies. We also used our approach on GDP- and GTP-bound forms of two Rab GTPases, showing detection of differential candidate interactors of conformationally similar proteins. This approach is applicable to screen for structure-specific interactomes of any protein, including posttranslationally modified and unmodified, or metabolite-bound and unbound protein states.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleš Holfeld
- Institute of Molecular Systems Biology, Department of Biology, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Dina Schuster
- Institute of Molecular Systems Biology, Department of Biology, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biophysics, Department of Biology, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Laboratory of Biomolecular Research, Division of Biology and Chemistry, Paul Scherrer Institute, Villigen, Switzerland
| | - Fabian Sesterhenn
- Institute of Molecular Systems Biology, Department of Biology, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | | | - Patrick Stalder
- Institute of Molecular Systems Biology, Department of Biology, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Walther Haenseler
- Institute of Molecular Systems Biology, Department of Biology, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- University Research Priority Program AdaBD (Adaptive Brain Circuits in Development and Learning), University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Inigo Barrio-Hernandez
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, UK
- Open Targets, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, UK
| | - Dhiman Ghosh
- Laboratory of Physical Chemistry, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Jane Vowles
- James and Lillian Martin Centre for Stem Cell Research, Sir William Dunn School of Pathology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Sally A Cowley
- James and Lillian Martin Centre for Stem Cell Research, Sir William Dunn School of Pathology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Luise Nagel
- Cluster of Excellence Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Basavraj Khanppnavar
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biophysics, Department of Biology, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Laboratory of Biomolecular Research, Division of Biology and Chemistry, Paul Scherrer Institute, Villigen, Switzerland
| | - Tetiana Serdiuk
- Institute of Molecular Systems Biology, Department of Biology, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Pedro Beltrao
- Institute of Molecular Systems Biology, Department of Biology, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Volodymyr M Korkhov
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biophysics, Department of Biology, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Laboratory of Biomolecular Research, Division of Biology and Chemistry, Paul Scherrer Institute, Villigen, Switzerland
| | - Sean Munro
- MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge, UK
| | - Roland Riek
- Laboratory of Physical Chemistry, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Natalie de Souza
- Institute of Molecular Systems Biology, Department of Biology, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Department of Quantitative Biomedicine, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Paola Picotti
- Institute of Molecular Systems Biology, Department of Biology, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
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4
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Jin X, Si X, Lei X, Liu H, Shao A, Li L. Disruption of Dopamine Homeostasis Associated with Alteration of Proteins in Synaptic Vesicles: A Putative Central Mechanism of Parkinson's Disease Pathogenesis. Aging Dis 2024; 15:1204-1226. [PMID: 37815908 PMCID: PMC11081171 DOI: 10.14336/ad.2023.0821-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 10/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Vestigial dopaminergic cells in PD have selectivity for a sub-class of hypersensitive neurons with the nigrostriatal dopamine (DA) tract. DA is modulated in pre-synaptic nerve terminals to remain stable. To be specific, proteins at DA release sites that have a function of synthesizing and packing DA in cytoplasm, modulating release and reingestion, and changing excitability of neurons, display regional discrepancies that uncover relevancy of the observed sensitivity to neurodegenerative changes. Although the reasons of a majority of PD cases are still indistinct, heredity and environment are known to us to make significant influences. For decades, genetic analysis of PD patients with heredity in family have promoted our comprehension of pathogenesis to a great extent, which reveals correlative mechanisms including oxidative stress, abnormal protein homeostasis and mitochondrial dysfunction. In this review, we review the constitution of presynaptic vesicle related to DA homeostasis and describe the genetic and environmental evidence of presynaptic dysfunction that increase risky possibility of PD concerning intracellular vesicle transmission and their functional outcomes. We summarize alterations in synaptic vesicular proteins with great involvement in the reasons of some DA neurons highly vulnerable to neurodegenerative changes. We generalize different potential targets and therapeutic strategies for different pathogenic mechanisms, providing a reference for further studies of PD treatment in the future. But it remains to be further researched on this recently discovered and converging mechanism of vesicular dynamics and PD, which will provide a more profound comprehension and put up with new therapeutic tactics for PD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuanxiang Jin
- The First School of Medicine, School of Information and Engineering, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Xiaoli Si
- Department of Neurology, the Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Xiaoguang Lei
- Department of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, the First School of Clinical Medicine, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China.
| | - Huifang Liu
- Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong.
| | - Anwen Shao
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
- Key Laboratory of Precise Treatment and Clinical Translational Research of Neurological Disease, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Lingfei Li
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hangzhou First People’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.
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5
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Zhu H, Tonelli F, Turk M, Prescott A, Alessi DR, Sun J. Rab29-dependent asymmetrical activation of leucine-rich repeat kinase 2. Science 2023; 382:1404-1411. [PMID: 38127736 PMCID: PMC10786121 DOI: 10.1126/science.adi9926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 11/16/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
Gain-of-function mutations in LRRK2, which encodes the leucine-rich repeat kinase 2 (LRRK2), are the most common genetic cause of late-onset Parkinson's disease. LRRK2 is recruited to membrane organelles and activated by Rab29, a Rab guanosine triphosphatase encoded in the PARK16 locus. We present cryo-electron microscopy structures of Rab29-LRRK2 complexes in three oligomeric states, providing key snapshots during LRRK2 recruitment and activation. Rab29 induces an unexpected tetrameric assembly of LRRK2, formed by two kinase-active central protomers and two kinase-inactive peripheral protomers. The central protomers resemble the active-like state trapped by the type I kinase inhibitor DNL201, a compound that underwent a phase 1 clinical trial. Our work reveals the structural mechanism of LRRK2 spatial regulation and provides insights into LRRK2 inhibitor design for Parkinson's disease treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanwen Zhu
- Department of Structural Biology, St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | - Francesca Tonelli
- MRC Protein Phosphorylation and Ubiquitylation Unit, School of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Dundee DD1 5EH, UK
- Aligning Science Across Parkinson’s (ASAP) Collaborative Research Network, Chevy Chase, MD, USA
| | - Martin Turk
- Cryo-EM and Tomography Center, St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | - Alan Prescott
- MRC Protein Phosphorylation and Ubiquitylation Unit, School of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Dundee DD1 5EH, UK
| | - Dario R. Alessi
- MRC Protein Phosphorylation and Ubiquitylation Unit, School of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Dundee DD1 5EH, UK
- Aligning Science Across Parkinson’s (ASAP) Collaborative Research Network, Chevy Chase, MD, USA
| | - Ji Sun
- Department of Structural Biology, St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
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6
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Goldstein O, Gana-Weisz M, Banfi S, Nigro V, Bar-Shira A, Thaler A, Gurevich T, Mirelman A, Giladi N, Alcalay RN, Orr-Urtreger A. Novel variants in genes related to vesicle-mediated-transport modify Parkinson's disease risk. Mol Genet Metab 2023; 139:107608. [PMID: 37201419 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymgme.2023.107608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Revised: 05/11/2023] [Accepted: 05/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES VPS35 and VPS13 have been associated with Parkinson's disease (PD), and their shared phenotype in yeast when reduced in function is abnormal vacuolar transport. We aim to test if additional potentially deleterious variants in other genes that share this phenotype can modify the risk for PD. METHODS 77 VPS and VPS-related genes were analyzed using whole-genome-sequencing data from 202 PD patients of Ashkenazi Jewish (AJ) ancestry. Filtering was done based on quality and functionality scores. Ten variants in nine genes were further genotyped in 1200 consecutively recruited unrelated AJ-PD patients, and allele frequencies and odds ratio calculated compared to gnomAD-AJ-non-neuro database, in un-stratified (n = 1200) and stratified manner (LRRK2-G2019S-PD patients (n = 145), GBA-PD patients (n = 235), and non-carriers of these mutations (NC, n = 787)). RESULTS Five variants in PIK3C3, VPS11, AP1G2, HGS and VPS13D were significantly associated with PD-risk. PIK3C3-R768W showed a significant association in an un-stratified (all PDs) analysis, as well as in stratified (LRRK2, GBA, and NC) analyses (Odds ratios = 2.71, 5.32, 3.26. and 2.19 with p = 0.0015, 0.002, 0.0287, and 0.0447, respectively). AP1G2-R563W was significantly associated in LRRK2-carriers (OR = 3.69, p = 0.006) while VPS13D-D2932N was significantly associated in GBA-carriers (OR = 5.45, p = 0.0027). VPS11-C846G and HGS-S243Y were significantly associated in NC (OR = 2.48 and 2.06, with p = 0.022 and 0.0163, respectively). CONCLUSIONS Variants in genes involved in vesicle-mediated protein transport and recycling pathways, including autophagy and mitophagy, may differentially modify PD-risk in LRRK2-carriers, GBA carriers, or NC. Specifically, PIK3C3-R768W is a PD-risk allele, with the highest effect size in LRRK2-G2019S carriers. These results suggest oligogenic effect that may depends on the genetic background of the patient. An unbiased burden of mutations approach in these genes should be evaluated in additional PD and control groups. The mechanisms by which these novel variants interact and increase PD-risk should be researched in depth for better tailoring therapeutic intervention for PD prevention or slowing disease progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Orly Goldstein
- Laboratory of Biomarkers and Genomics of Neurodegeneration, Neurological Institute, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Mali Gana-Weisz
- Laboratory of Biomarkers and Genomics of Neurodegeneration, Neurological Institute, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Sandro Banfi
- Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine (TIGEM), Pozzuoli, NA, Italy; Medical Genetics, Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Nigro
- Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine (TIGEM), Pozzuoli, NA, Italy; Medical Genetics, Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - Anat Bar-Shira
- Laboratory of Biomarkers and Genomics of Neurodegeneration, Neurological Institute, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Avner Thaler
- Movement disorders Division, Neurological Institute, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel; Laboratory for Early Markers of Neurodegeneration, Neurological Institute, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel; Sackler Faculty of Medicine, and Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Tanya Gurevich
- Movement disorders Division, Neurological Institute, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel; Sackler Faculty of Medicine, and Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Anat Mirelman
- Movement disorders Division, Neurological Institute, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel; Laboratory for Early Markers of Neurodegeneration, Neurological Institute, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel; Sackler Faculty of Medicine, and Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Nir Giladi
- Movement disorders Division, Neurological Institute, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel; Laboratory for Early Markers of Neurodegeneration, Neurological Institute, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel; Sackler Faculty of Medicine, and Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Roy N Alcalay
- Laboratory of Biomarkers and Genomics of Neurodegeneration, Neurological Institute, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel; Movement disorders Division, Neurological Institute, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel; Department of Neurology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Avi Orr-Urtreger
- Laboratory of Biomarkers and Genomics of Neurodegeneration, Neurological Institute, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel; Sackler Faculty of Medicine, and Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.
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7
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Shafique A, Brughera M, Lualdi M, Alberio T. The Role of Rab Proteins in Mitophagy: Insights into Neurodegenerative Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24076268. [PMID: 37047239 PMCID: PMC10094445 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24076268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Revised: 03/22/2023] [Accepted: 03/24/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial dysfunction and vesicular trafficking alterations have been implicated in the pathogenesis of several neurodegenerative diseases. It has become clear that pathogenetic pathways leading to neurodegeneration are often interconnected. Indeed, growing evidence suggests a concerted contribution of impaired mitophagy and vesicles formation in the dysregulation of neuronal homeostasis, contributing to neuronal cell death. Among the molecular factors involved in the trafficking of vesicles, Ras analog in brain (Rab) proteins seem to play a central role in mitochondrial quality checking and disposal through both canonical PINK1/Parkin-mediated mitophagy and novel alternative pathways. In turn, the lack of proper elimination of dysfunctional mitochondria has emerged as a possible causative/early event in some neurodegenerative diseases. Here, we provide an overview of major findings in recent years highlighting the role of Rab proteins in dysfunctional mitochondrial dynamics and mitophagy, which are characteristic of neurodegenerative diseases. A further effort should be made in the coming years to clarify the sequential order of events and the molecular factors involved in the different processes. A clear cause–effect view of the pathogenetic pathways may help in understanding the molecular basis of neurodegeneration.
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8
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Birkenbihl C, Ahmad A, Massat NJ, Raschka T, Avbersek A, Downey P, Armstrong M, Fröhlich H. Artificial intelligence-based clustering and characterization of Parkinson's disease trajectories. Sci Rep 2023; 13:2897. [PMID: 36801900 PMCID: PMC9938890 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-30038-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2022] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 02/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a highly heterogeneous disease both with respect to arising symptoms and its progression over time. This hampers the design of disease modifying trials for PD as treatments which would potentially show efficacy in specific patient subgroups could be considered ineffective in a heterogeneous trial cohort. Establishing clusters of PD patients based on their progression patterns could help to disentangle the exhibited heterogeneity, highlight clinical differences among patient subgroups, and identify the biological pathways and molecular players which underlie the evident differences. Further, stratification of patients into clusters with distinct progression patterns could help to recruit more homogeneous trial cohorts. In the present work, we applied an artificial intelligence-based algorithm to model and cluster longitudinal PD progression trajectories from the Parkinson's Progression Markers Initiative. Using a combination of six clinical outcome scores covering both motor and non-motor symptoms, we were able to identify specific clusters of PD that showed significantly different patterns of PD progression. The inclusion of genetic variants and biomarker data allowed us to associate the established progression clusters with distinct biological mechanisms, such as perturbations in vesicle transport or neuroprotection. Furthermore, we found that patients of identified progression clusters showed significant differences in their responsiveness to symptomatic treatment. Taken together, our work contributes to a better understanding of the heterogeneity encountered when examining and treating patients with PD, and points towards potential biological pathways and genes that could underlie those differences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Colin Birkenbihl
- Department of Bioinformatics, Fraunhofer Institute for Algorithms and Scientific Computing (SCAI), Schloss Birlinghoven, 53757, Sankt Augustin, Germany. .,Bonn-, Aachen International Center for IT, University of Bonn, Friedrich Hirzebruch-Allee 6, 53115, Bonn, Germany.
| | - Ashar Ahmad
- grid.421932.f0000 0004 0605 7243UCB Pharma, Chemin du Foriest 1, 1420 Braine-L’Alleud, Belgium ,grid.428898.70000 0004 1765 3892Present Address: Grünenthal GmbH, 52078 Aachen, Germany
| | - Nathalie J. Massat
- grid.421932.f0000 0004 0605 7243UCB Pharma, Chemin du Foriest 1, 1420 Braine-L’Alleud, Belgium ,Veramed Limited, 5th Floor Regal House, 70 London Road, Twickenham, TW1 3QS UK
| | - Tamara Raschka
- grid.4561.60000 0000 9261 3939Department of Bioinformatics, Fraunhofer Institute for Algorithms and Scientific Computing (SCAI), Schloss Birlinghoven, 53757 Sankt Augustin, Germany ,grid.10388.320000 0001 2240 3300Bonn-, Aachen International Center for IT, University of Bonn, Friedrich Hirzebruch-Allee 6, 53115 Bonn, Germany
| | - Andreja Avbersek
- grid.421932.f0000 0004 0605 7243UCB Pharma, Chemin du Foriest 1, 1420 Braine-L’Alleud, Belgium ,grid.418961.30000 0004 0472 2713Present Address: Regeneron Inc., 777 Old Saw Mill River Road, Tarrytown, NY 10591 USA
| | - Patrick Downey
- grid.421932.f0000 0004 0605 7243UCB Pharma, Chemin du Foriest 1, 1420 Braine-L’Alleud, Belgium
| | - Martin Armstrong
- grid.421932.f0000 0004 0605 7243UCB Pharma, Chemin du Foriest 1, 1420 Braine-L’Alleud, Belgium
| | - Holger Fröhlich
- grid.4561.60000 0000 9261 3939Department of Bioinformatics, Fraunhofer Institute for Algorithms and Scientific Computing (SCAI), Schloss Birlinghoven, 53757 Sankt Augustin, Germany ,grid.10388.320000 0001 2240 3300Bonn-, Aachen International Center for IT, University of Bonn, Friedrich Hirzebruch-Allee 6, 53115 Bonn, Germany
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9
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Volta M. Lysosomal Pathogenesis of Parkinson's Disease: Insights From LRRK2 and GBA1 Rodent Models. Neurotherapeutics 2023; 20:127-139. [PMID: 36085537 PMCID: PMC10119359 DOI: 10.1007/s13311-022-01290-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/10/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The discovery of mutations in LRRK2 and GBA1 that are linked to Parkinson's disease provided further evidence that autophagy and lysosome pathways are likely implicated in the pathogenic process. Their protein products are important regulators of lysosome function. LRRK2 has kinase-dependent effects on lysosome activity, autophagic efficacy and lysosomal Ca2+ signaling. Glucocerebrosidase (encoded by GBA1) is a hydrolytic enzyme contained in the lysosomes and contributes to the degradation of alpha-synuclein. PD-related mutations in LRRK2 and GBA1 slow the degradation of alpha-synuclein, thus directly implicating the dysfunction of the process in the neuropathology of Parkinson's disease. The development of genetic rodent models of LRRK2 and GBA1 provided hopes of obtaining reliable preclinical models in which to study pathogenic processes and perform drug validation studies. Here, I will review the extensive characterization of these models, their impact on understanding lysosome alterations in the course of Parkinson's disease and what novel insights have been obtained. In addition, I will discuss how these models fare with respect to the features of a "gold standard" animal models and what could be attempted in future studies to exploit LRRK2 and GBA1 rodent models in the fight against Parkinson's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mattia Volta
- Institute for Biomedicine, Eurac Research - Affiliated Institute of the University of Lübeck, via Volta 21, Bolzano, 39100, Italy.
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10
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Fasano G, Muto V, Radio FC, Venditti M, Mosaddeghzadeh N, Coppola S, Paradisi G, Zara E, Bazgir F, Ziegler A, Chillemi G, Bertuccini L, Tinari A, Vetro A, Pantaleoni F, Pizzi S, Conti LA, Petrini S, Bruselles A, Prandi IG, Mancini C, Chandramouli B, Barth M, Bris C, Milani D, Selicorni A, Macchiaiolo M, Gonfiantini MV, Bartuli A, Mariani R, Curry CJ, Guerrini R, Slavotinek A, Iascone M, Dallapiccola B, Ahmadian MR, Lauri A, Tartaglia M. Dominant ARF3 variants disrupt Golgi integrity and cause a neurodevelopmental disorder recapitulated in zebrafish. Nat Commun 2022; 13:6841. [PMID: 36369169 PMCID: PMC9652361 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-34354-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2021] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Vesicle biogenesis, trafficking and signaling via Endoplasmic reticulum-Golgi network support essential developmental processes and their disruption lead to neurodevelopmental disorders and neurodegeneration. We report that de novo missense variants in ARF3, encoding a small GTPase regulating Golgi dynamics, cause a developmental disease in humans impairing nervous system and skeletal formation. Microcephaly-associated ARF3 variants affect residues within the guanine nucleotide binding pocket and variably perturb protein stability and GTP/GDP binding. Functional analysis demonstrates variably disruptive consequences of ARF3 variants on Golgi morphology, vesicles assembly and trafficking. Disease modeling in zebrafish validates further the dominant behavior of the mutants and their differential impact on brain and body plan formation, recapitulating the variable disease expression. In-depth in vivo analyses traces back impaired neural precursors' proliferation and planar cell polarity-dependent cell movements as the earliest detectable effects. Our findings document a key role of ARF3 in Golgi function and demonstrate its pleiotropic impact on development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Fasano
- grid.414603.4Genetics and Rare Diseases Research Division, Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesù, IRCCS, 00146 Rome, Italy
| | - Valentina Muto
- grid.414603.4Genetics and Rare Diseases Research Division, Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesù, IRCCS, 00146 Rome, Italy
| | - Francesca Clementina Radio
- grid.414603.4Genetics and Rare Diseases Research Division, Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesù, IRCCS, 00146 Rome, Italy
| | - Martina Venditti
- grid.414603.4Genetics and Rare Diseases Research Division, Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesù, IRCCS, 00146 Rome, Italy
| | - Niloufar Mosaddeghzadeh
- grid.411327.20000 0001 2176 9917Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Simona Coppola
- grid.416651.10000 0000 9120 6856National Center for Rare Diseases, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Graziamaria Paradisi
- grid.414603.4Genetics and Rare Diseases Research Division, Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesù, IRCCS, 00146 Rome, Italy ,grid.12597.380000 0001 2298 9743Department for Innovation in Biological Agro-food and Forest systems (DIBAF), University of Tuscia, 01100 Viterbo, Italy
| | - Erika Zara
- grid.414603.4Genetics and Rare Diseases Research Division, Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesù, IRCCS, 00146 Rome, Italy ,grid.7841.aDepartment of Biology and Biotechnology “Charles Darwin”, Università “Sapienza”, Rome, 00185 Italy
| | - Farhad Bazgir
- grid.411327.20000 0001 2176 9917Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Alban Ziegler
- grid.7252.20000 0001 2248 3363UFR Santé de l’Université d’Angers, INSERM U1083, CNRS UMR6015, MITOVASC, SFR ICAT, F-49000 Angers, France ,grid.411147.60000 0004 0472 0283Département de Génétique, CHU d’Angers, 49000 Angers, France
| | - Giovanni Chillemi
- grid.12597.380000 0001 2298 9743Department for Innovation in Biological Agro-food and Forest systems (DIBAF), University of Tuscia, 01100 Viterbo, Italy ,grid.5326.20000 0001 1940 4177Institute of Biomembranes, Bioenergetics and Molecular Biotechnologies, Centro Nazionale delle Ricerche, 70126 Bari, Italy
| | - Lucia Bertuccini
- grid.416651.10000 0000 9120 6856Servizio grandi strumentazioni e core facilities, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Antonella Tinari
- grid.416651.10000 0000 9120 6856Centro di riferimento per la medicina di genere, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Annalisa Vetro
- grid.8404.80000 0004 1757 2304Pediatric Neurology, Neurogenetics and Neurobiology Unit and Laboratories, Meyer Children’s Hospital, University of Florence, 50139 Florence, Italy
| | - Francesca Pantaleoni
- grid.414603.4Genetics and Rare Diseases Research Division, Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesù, IRCCS, 00146 Rome, Italy
| | - Simone Pizzi
- grid.414603.4Genetics and Rare Diseases Research Division, Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesù, IRCCS, 00146 Rome, Italy
| | - Libenzio Adrian Conti
- grid.414603.4Confocal Microscopy Core Facility, Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesù, IRCCS, 00146 Rome, Italy
| | - Stefania Petrini
- grid.414603.4Confocal Microscopy Core Facility, Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesù, IRCCS, 00146 Rome, Italy
| | - Alessandro Bruselles
- grid.416651.10000 0000 9120 6856Department of Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Ingrid Guarnetti Prandi
- grid.12597.380000 0001 2298 9743Department for Innovation in Biological Agro-food and Forest systems (DIBAF), University of Tuscia, 01100 Viterbo, Italy
| | - Cecilia Mancini
- grid.414603.4Genetics and Rare Diseases Research Division, Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesù, IRCCS, 00146 Rome, Italy
| | - Balasubramanian Chandramouli
- grid.431603.30000 0004 1757 1950Super Computing Applications and Innovation, CINECA, 40033 Casalecchio di Reno, Italy
| | - Magalie Barth
- grid.411147.60000 0004 0472 0283Département de Génétique, CHU d’Angers, 49000 Angers, France
| | - Céline Bris
- grid.7252.20000 0001 2248 3363UFR Santé de l’Université d’Angers, INSERM U1083, CNRS UMR6015, MITOVASC, SFR ICAT, F-49000 Angers, France ,grid.411147.60000 0004 0472 0283Département de Génétique, CHU d’Angers, 49000 Angers, France
| | - Donatella Milani
- grid.414818.00000 0004 1757 8749Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milan, Italy
| | - Angelo Selicorni
- grid.512106.1Mariani Center for Fragile Children Pediatric Unit, Azienda Socio Sanitaria Territoriale Lariana, 22100 Como, Italy
| | - Marina Macchiaiolo
- grid.414603.4Genetics and Rare Diseases Research Division, Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesù, IRCCS, 00146 Rome, Italy
| | - Michaela V. Gonfiantini
- grid.414603.4Genetics and Rare Diseases Research Division, Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesù, IRCCS, 00146 Rome, Italy
| | - Andrea Bartuli
- grid.414603.4Genetics and Rare Diseases Research Division, Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesù, IRCCS, 00146 Rome, Italy
| | - Riccardo Mariani
- grid.414603.4Department of Laboratories Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesù, IRCCS, 00146 Rome, Italy
| | - Cynthia J. Curry
- grid.266102.10000 0001 2297 6811Genetic Medicine, Dept of Pediatrics, University of California San Francisco, Ca, Fresno, Ca, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA
| | - Renzo Guerrini
- grid.8404.80000 0004 1757 2304Pediatric Neurology, Neurogenetics and Neurobiology Unit and Laboratories, Meyer Children’s Hospital, University of Florence, 50139 Florence, Italy
| | - Anne Slavotinek
- grid.266102.10000 0001 2297 6811Genetic Medicine, Dept of Pediatrics, University of California San Francisco, Ca, Fresno, Ca, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA
| | - Maria Iascone
- grid.460094.f0000 0004 1757 8431Medical Genetics, ASST Papa Giovanni XXIII, 24127 Bergamo, Italy
| | - Bruno Dallapiccola
- grid.414603.4Genetics and Rare Diseases Research Division, Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesù, IRCCS, 00146 Rome, Italy
| | - Mohammad Reza Ahmadian
- grid.411327.20000 0001 2176 9917Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Antonella Lauri
- grid.414603.4Genetics and Rare Diseases Research Division, Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesù, IRCCS, 00146 Rome, Italy
| | - Marco Tartaglia
- grid.414603.4Genetics and Rare Diseases Research Division, Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesù, IRCCS, 00146 Rome, Italy
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11
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Pantaleo E, Monaco A, Amoroso N, Lombardi A, Bellantuono L, Urso D, Lo Giudice C, Picardi E, Tafuri B, Nigro S, Pesole G, Tangaro S, Logroscino G, Bellotti R. A Machine Learning Approach to Parkinson’s Disease Blood Transcriptomics. Genes (Basel) 2022; 13:genes13050727. [PMID: 35627112 PMCID: PMC9141063 DOI: 10.3390/genes13050727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2022] [Revised: 04/16/2022] [Accepted: 04/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The increased incidence and the significant health burden associated with Parkinson’s disease (PD) have stimulated substantial research efforts towards the identification of effective treatments and diagnostic procedures. Despite technological advancements, a cure is still not available and PD is often diagnosed a long time after onset when irreversible damage has already occurred. Blood transcriptomics represents a potentially disruptive technology for the early diagnosis of PD. We used transcriptome data from the PPMI study, a large cohort study with early PD subjects and age matched controls (HC), to perform the classification of PD vs. HC in around 550 samples. Using a nested feature selection procedure based on Random Forests and XGBoost we reached an AUC of 72% and found 493 candidate genes. We further discussed the importance of the selected genes through a functional analysis based on GOs and KEGG pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ester Pantaleo
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN), Sezione di Bari, Via A. Orabona 4, 70125 Bari, Italy; (E.P.); (A.M.); (N.A.); (L.B.); (S.T.); (R.B.)
- Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche di Base, Neuroscienze e Organi di Senso, Università degli Studi di Bari Aldo Moro, Piazza G. Cesare 11, 70124 Bari, Italy;
- Dipartimento Interateneo di Fisica M. Merlin, Università degli Studi di Bari Aldo Moro, Via G. Amendola 173, 70125 Bari, Italy
| | - Alfonso Monaco
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN), Sezione di Bari, Via A. Orabona 4, 70125 Bari, Italy; (E.P.); (A.M.); (N.A.); (L.B.); (S.T.); (R.B.)
| | - Nicola Amoroso
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN), Sezione di Bari, Via A. Orabona 4, 70125 Bari, Italy; (E.P.); (A.M.); (N.A.); (L.B.); (S.T.); (R.B.)
- Dipartimento di Farmacia-Scienze del Farmaco, Università degli Studi di Bari Aldo Moro, Via A. Orabona 4, 70125 Bari, Italy
| | - Angela Lombardi
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN), Sezione di Bari, Via A. Orabona 4, 70125 Bari, Italy; (E.P.); (A.M.); (N.A.); (L.B.); (S.T.); (R.B.)
- Dipartimento Interateneo di Fisica M. Merlin, Università degli Studi di Bari Aldo Moro, Via G. Amendola 173, 70125 Bari, Italy
- Correspondence:
| | - Loredana Bellantuono
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN), Sezione di Bari, Via A. Orabona 4, 70125 Bari, Italy; (E.P.); (A.M.); (N.A.); (L.B.); (S.T.); (R.B.)
- Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche di Base, Neuroscienze e Organi di Senso, Università degli Studi di Bari Aldo Moro, Piazza G. Cesare 11, 70124 Bari, Italy;
| | - Daniele Urso
- Centro per le Malattie Neurodegenerative e l’Invecchiamento Cerebrale, Dipartimento di Ricerca Clinica in Neurologia, Università degli Studi di Bari Aldo Moro, Pia Fondazione Cardinale G. Panico, 73039 Tricase, Italy; (D.U.); (B.T.); (S.N.)
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College London, De Crespigny Park, London SE5 8AF, UK
| | - Claudio Lo Giudice
- Dipartimento di Bioscienze, Biotecnologie e Biofarmaceutica, Università degli Studi di Bari Aldo Moro, Via A. Orabona 4, 70125 Bari, Italy; (C.L.G.); (E.P.); (G.P.)
| | - Ernesto Picardi
- Dipartimento di Bioscienze, Biotecnologie e Biofarmaceutica, Università degli Studi di Bari Aldo Moro, Via A. Orabona 4, 70125 Bari, Italy; (C.L.G.); (E.P.); (G.P.)
- Istituto di Biomembrane, Bioenergetica e Biotecnologie Molecolari, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Via G. Amendola 122/O, 70126 Bari, Italy
| | - Benedetta Tafuri
- Centro per le Malattie Neurodegenerative e l’Invecchiamento Cerebrale, Dipartimento di Ricerca Clinica in Neurologia, Università degli Studi di Bari Aldo Moro, Pia Fondazione Cardinale G. Panico, 73039 Tricase, Italy; (D.U.); (B.T.); (S.N.)
| | - Salvatore Nigro
- Centro per le Malattie Neurodegenerative e l’Invecchiamento Cerebrale, Dipartimento di Ricerca Clinica in Neurologia, Università degli Studi di Bari Aldo Moro, Pia Fondazione Cardinale G. Panico, 73039 Tricase, Italy; (D.U.); (B.T.); (S.N.)
- Istituto di Nanotecnologia (NANOTEC), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Via Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy
| | - Graziano Pesole
- Dipartimento di Bioscienze, Biotecnologie e Biofarmaceutica, Università degli Studi di Bari Aldo Moro, Via A. Orabona 4, 70125 Bari, Italy; (C.L.G.); (E.P.); (G.P.)
- Istituto di Biomembrane, Bioenergetica e Biotecnologie Molecolari, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Via G. Amendola 122/O, 70126 Bari, Italy
| | - Sabina Tangaro
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN), Sezione di Bari, Via A. Orabona 4, 70125 Bari, Italy; (E.P.); (A.M.); (N.A.); (L.B.); (S.T.); (R.B.)
- Dipartimento di Scienze del Suolo, della Pianta e degli Alimenti, Università degli Studi di Bari Aldo Moro, Via A. Orabona 4, 70125 Bari, Italy
| | - Giancarlo Logroscino
- Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche di Base, Neuroscienze e Organi di Senso, Università degli Studi di Bari Aldo Moro, Piazza G. Cesare 11, 70124 Bari, Italy;
- Centro per le Malattie Neurodegenerative e l’Invecchiamento Cerebrale, Dipartimento di Ricerca Clinica in Neurologia, Università degli Studi di Bari Aldo Moro, Pia Fondazione Cardinale G. Panico, 73039 Tricase, Italy; (D.U.); (B.T.); (S.N.)
| | - Roberto Bellotti
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN), Sezione di Bari, Via A. Orabona 4, 70125 Bari, Italy; (E.P.); (A.M.); (N.A.); (L.B.); (S.T.); (R.B.)
- Dipartimento Interateneo di Fisica M. Merlin, Università degli Studi di Bari Aldo Moro, Via G. Amendola 173, 70125 Bari, Italy
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12
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Novak G, Kyriakis D, Grzyb K, Bernini M, Rodius S, Dittmar G, Finkbeiner S, Skupin A. Single-cell transcriptomics of human iPSC differentiation dynamics reveal a core molecular network of Parkinson's disease. Commun Biol 2022; 5:49. [PMID: 35027645 PMCID: PMC8758783 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-021-02973-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2020] [Accepted: 12/14/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is the second-most prevalent neurodegenerative disorder, characterized by the loss of dopaminergic neurons (mDA) in the midbrain. The underlying mechanisms are only partly understood and there is no treatment to reverse PD progression. Here, we investigated the disease mechanism using mDA neurons differentiated from human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) carrying the ILE368ASN mutation within the PINK1 gene, which is strongly associated with PD. Single-cell RNA sequencing (RNAseq) and gene expression analysis of a PINK1-ILE368ASN and a control cell line identified genes differentially expressed during mDA neuron differentiation. Network analysis revealed that these genes form a core network, members of which interact with all known 19 protein-coding Parkinson's disease-associated genes. This core network encompasses key PD-associated pathways, including ubiquitination, mitochondrial function, protein processing, RNA metabolism, and vesicular transport. Proteomics analysis showed a consistent alteration in proteins of dopamine metabolism, indicating a defect of dopaminergic metabolism in PINK1-ILE368ASN neurons. Our findings suggest the existence of a network onto which pathways associated with PD pathology converge, and offers an inclusive interpretation of the phenotypic heterogeneity of PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriela Novak
- The Integrative Cell Signalling Group, Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine (LCSB), University of Luxembourg, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg.
- Luxembourg Institute of Health (LIH), Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg.
- Center for Systems and Therapeutics, the Gladstone Institutes and Departments of Neurology and Physiology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, 94158, USA.
| | - Dimitrios Kyriakis
- The Integrative Cell Signalling Group, Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine (LCSB), University of Luxembourg, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
| | - Kamil Grzyb
- The Integrative Cell Signalling Group, Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine (LCSB), University of Luxembourg, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
| | - Michela Bernini
- The Integrative Cell Signalling Group, Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine (LCSB), University of Luxembourg, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
| | - Sophie Rodius
- Department of Infection and Immunity, Luxembourg Institute of Health, Strassen, Luxembourg
| | - Gunnar Dittmar
- Department of Infection and Immunity, Luxembourg Institute of Health, Strassen, Luxembourg
- Department of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Luxembourg, Belvaux, Luxembourg
| | - Steven Finkbeiner
- Center for Systems and Therapeutics, the Gladstone Institutes and Departments of Neurology and Physiology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, 94158, USA
| | - Alexander Skupin
- The Integrative Cell Signalling Group, Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine (LCSB), University of Luxembourg, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg.
- University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA.
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13
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Hurben AK, Erber LN, Tretyakova NY, Doran TM. Proteome-Wide Profiling of Cellular Targets Modified by Dopamine Metabolites Using a Bio-Orthogonally Functionalized Catecholamine. ACS Chem Biol 2021; 16:2581-2594. [PMID: 34726906 PMCID: PMC9872492 DOI: 10.1021/acschembio.1c00629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Selective death of midbrain dopaminergic neurons is a hallmark pathology of Parkinson's disease (PD), but the molecular mechanisms that initiate the cascade of events resulting in neurodegeneration in PD remain unclear. Compelling evidence suggests that dysregulation of dopamine (DA) induces neuronal stress and damage responses that are operative processes in striatal degeneration preceding PD-like symptoms. Improper DA sequestration to vesicles raises cytosolic DA levels, which is rapidly converted into electrophilic dopaquinone species (DQs) that react readily with protein nucleophiles forming covalent modifications that alter the native structure and function of proteins. These so-called DA-protein adducts (DPAs) have been reported to play a role in neurotoxicity, and their abundance with respect to neurodegeneration has been linked to clinical and pathological features of PD that suggest that they play a causal role in PD pathogenesis. Therefore, characterizing DPAs is a critical first step in understanding the susceptibility of midbrain dopaminergic neurons during PD. To help achieve this goal, we report here a novel DA-mimetic (DAyne) containing a biorthogonal alkyne handle that exhibits a reactivity profile similar to DA in aqueous buffers. By linking DPAs formed with DAyne to a fluorescent reporter molecule, DPAs were visualized in fixed cells and within lysates. DAyne enabled global mapping of cellular proteins affected by DQ modification and their bioactive pathways through enrichment. Our proteomic profiling of DPAs in neuronal SH-SY5Y cells indicates that proteins susceptible to DPA formation are extant throughout the proteome, potentially influencing several diverse biological pathways involved in PD such as endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, cytoskeletal instability, proteotoxicity, and clathrin function. We validated that a protein involved in the ER stress pathway, protein disulfide isomerase 3 (PDIA3), which was enriched in our chemoproteomic analysis, is functionally inhibited by DA, providing evidence that dysregulated cellular DA may induce or exacerbate ER stress. Thus, DAyne provided new mechanistic insights into DA toxicity that may be observed during PD by enabling characterization of DPAs generated reproducibly at physiologically relevant quinone exposures. We anticipate our design and application of this reactivity-based probe will be generally applicable for clarifying mechanisms of metabolic quinone toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander K. Hurben
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Luke N. Erber
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Natalia Y. Tretyakova
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Todd M. Doran
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Institute for Translational Neuroscience, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
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14
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Nazish I, Arber C, Piers TM, Warner TT, Hardy JA, Lewis PA, Pocock JM, Bandopadhyay R. Abrogation of LRRK2 dependent Rab10 phosphorylation with TLR4 activation and alterations in evoked cytokine release in immune cells. Neurochem Int 2021; 147:105070. [PMID: 34004238 PMCID: PMC7610942 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2021.105070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2021] [Accepted: 05/11/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
LRRK2 protein is expressed prominently in immune cells, cell types whose contribution to LRRK2-associated genetic Parkinson's disease (PD) is increasingly being recognised. We investigated the effect of inflammatory stimuli using RAW264.7 murine macrophage cells as model systems. A detailed time course of TLR2 and TLR4 stimulation was investigated through measuring LRRK2 phosphorylation at its specific phospho-sites, and Rab8 and Rab10 phosphorylation together with cytokine release following treatment with LPS and zymosan. LRRK2 phosphorylation at Ser935, Ser955 and Ser973 was increased significantly over untreated conditions at 4-24h in both WT-LRRK2 and T1348N-LRRK2 cell lines to similar extents although levels of Ser910 phosphorylation were maintained at higher levels throughout. Importantly we demonstrate that LPS stimulation significantly decreased phospho-Rab10 but not phospho-Rab8 levels over 4-24h in both WT-LRRK2 and T1348N-LRRK2 cell lines. The dephosphorylation of Rab10 was not attributed to its specific phosphatase, PPM1H as the levels remained unaltered with LPS treatment. MAPK phosphorylation occurred prior to LRRK2 phosphorylation which was validated by blocking TLR4 and TLR2 receptors with TAK242 or Sparstolonin B respectively. A significant decrease in basal level of TNFα release was noted in both T1348N-LRRK2 and KO-LRRK2 cell lines at 48h compared to WT-LRRK2 cell line, however LPS and zymosan treatment did not cause any significant alteration in the TNFα and IL-6 release between the three cell lines. In contrast, LPS and zymosan caused significantly lower IL-10 release in T1348N-LRRK2 and KO-LRRK2 cell lines. A significant decrease in phospho-Rab10 levels was also confirmed in human IPS-derived macrophages with TLR4 activation. Our data demonstrates for the first time that LRRK2-dependent Rab10 phosphorylation is modulated by LPS stimulation, and that cytokine release may be influenced by the status of LRRK2. These data provide further insights into the function of LRRK2 in immune response, and has relevance for understanding cellular dysfunctions when developing LRRK2-based inhibitors for clinical treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iqra Nazish
- Reta Lila Weston Institute and Department of Clinical and Movement Neuroscience, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, 1 Wakefield Street, WC1N 1PJ, UK
| | - Charles Arber
- Department of Neurodegenerative Diseases, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, 1 Wakefield Street, WC1N 1PJ, UK
| | - Thomas M. Piers
- Department of Neuroinflammation, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, 1 Wakefield Street, WC1N 1PJ, UK
| | - Thomas T. Warner
- Reta Lila Weston Institute and Department of Clinical and Movement Neuroscience, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, 1 Wakefield Street, WC1N 1PJ, UK
| | - John A. Hardy
- Reta Lila Weston Institute and Department of Clinical and Movement Neuroscience, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, 1 Wakefield Street, WC1N 1PJ, UK,Department of Neurodegenerative Diseases, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, 1 Wakefield Street, WC1N 1PJ, UK,Queen Square Genomics, UCL Dementia Research Institute, Wing 1.2 Cruciform Building, Gower Street, London, WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Patrick A. Lewis
- Department of Neurodegenerative Diseases, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, 1 Wakefield Street, WC1N 1PJ, UK,Royal Veterinary College, Royal College Street, London, NW1 0TU, UK
| | - Jennifer M. Pocock
- Department of Neuroinflammation, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, 1 Wakefield Street, WC1N 1PJ, UK
| | - Rina Bandopadhyay
- Reta Lila Weston Institute and Department of Clinical and Movement Neuroscience, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, 1 Wakefield Street, WC1N 1PJ, UK.
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15
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Yoo G, Yeou S, Son JB, Shin YK, Lee NK. Cooperative inhibition of SNARE-mediated vesicle fusion by α-synuclein monomers and oligomers. Sci Rep 2021; 11:10955. [PMID: 34040104 PMCID: PMC8155056 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-90503-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2020] [Accepted: 05/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The primary hallmark of Parkinson's disease (PD) is the generation of Lewy bodies of which major component is α-synuclein (α-Syn). Because of increasing evidence of the fundamental roles of α-Syn oligomers in disease progression, α-Syn oligomers have become potential targets for therapeutic interventions for PD. One of the potential toxicities of α-Syn oligomers is their inhibition of SNARE-mediated vesicle fusion by specifically interacting with vesicle-SNARE protein synaptobrevin-2 (Syb2), which hampers dopamine release. Here, we show that α-Syn monomers and oligomers cooperatively inhibit neuronal SNARE-mediated vesicle fusion. α-Syn monomers at submicromolar concentrations increase the fusion inhibition by α-Syn oligomers. This cooperative pathological effect stems from the synergically enhanced vesicle clustering. Based on this cooperative inhibition mechanism, we reverse the fusion inhibitory effect of α-Syn oligomers using small peptide fragments. The small peptide fragments, derivatives of α-Syn, block the binding of α-Syn oligomers to Syb2 and dramatically reverse the toxicity of α-Syn oligomers in vesicle fusion. Our findings demonstrate a new strategy for therapeutic intervention in PD and related diseases based on this specific interaction of α-Syn.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gyeongji Yoo
- School of Interdisciplinary Bioscience and Bioengineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, 37673, Korea
| | - Sanghun Yeou
- Department of Physics, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, 37673, Korea
| | - Jung Bae Son
- Department of Chemistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Korea
| | - Yeon-Kyun Shin
- Roy J. Carver Department of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Molecular Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, 50011, USA
| | - Nam Ki Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Korea.
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16
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Krishnan UM. Biomaterials in the treatment of Parkinson's disease. Neurochem Int 2021; 145:105003. [PMID: 33657427 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2021.105003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2020] [Revised: 02/13/2021] [Accepted: 02/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease is a neurodegenerative disease, the treatment of which is mainly centred around supplementation of dopamine. Additional targets have been identified and newer chemotherapeutic agents have been introduced but their clinical efficacy is limited due to solubility, bioavailability issues and inability to cross the blood-brain barrier (BBB). A wide range of biomaterials ranging from biomolecules, polymers, inorganic metal and metal oxide nanoparticles have been employed to assist the delivery of these therapeutic agents into the brain. Additionally, strategies to deliver cells to restore the dopaminergic neurons also have shown promise due to the integration of biocompatible materials that aid neurogenesis through a combination of topographical, chemical and mechanical cues. Neuroprosthetics is an area that may become significant in treatment of motor deficits associated with Parkinson's disease, and involves development of highly conductive and robust electrode materials with excellent cytocompatibility. This review summarizes the major role played by biomaterials in design of novel strategies and in the improvement of existing therapeutic methods as well as the emerging trends in this domain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Uma Maheswari Krishnan
- School of Arts, Science & Humanities, Centre for Nanotechnology & Advanced Biomaterials, SASTRA Deemed University, Thanjavur, 613 401, India.
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17
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Gao Y, Nicolson T. Temporal Vestibular Deficits in synaptojanin 1 ( synj1) Mutants. Front Mol Neurosci 2021; 13:604189. [PMID: 33584199 PMCID: PMC7874208 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2020.604189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2020] [Accepted: 10/26/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The lipid phosphatase synaptojanin 1 (synj1) is required for the disassembly of clathrin coats on endocytic compartments. In neurons such activity is necessary for the recycling of endocytosed membrane into synaptic vesicles. Mutations in zebrafish synj1 have been shown to disrupt the activity of ribbon synapses in sensory hair cells. After prolonged mechanical stimulation of hair cells, both phase locking of afferent nerve activity and the recovery of spontaneous release of synaptic vesicles are diminished in synj1 mutants. Presumably as a behavioral consequence of these synaptic deficits, synj1 mutants are unable to maintain an upright posture. To probe vestibular function with respect to postural control in synj1 mutants, we developed a method for assessing the vestibulospinal reflex (VSR) in larvae. We elicited the VSR by rotating the head and recorded tail movements. As expected, the VSR is completely absent in pcdh15a and lhfpl5a mutants that lack inner ear function. Conversely, lhfpl5b mutants, which have a selective loss of function of the lateral line organ, have normal VSRs, suggesting that the hair cells of this organ do not contribute to this reflex. In contrast to mechanotransduction mutants, the synj1 mutant produces normal tail movements during the initial cycles of rotation of the head. Both the amplitude and temporal aspects of the response are unchanged. However, after several rotations, the VSR in synj1 mutants was strongly diminished or absent. Mutant synj1 larvae are able to recover, but the time required for the reappearance of the VSR after prolonged stimulation is dramatically increased in synj1 mutants. Collectively, the data demonstrate a behavioral correlate of the synaptic defects caused by the loss of synj1 function. Our results suggest that defects in synaptic vesicle recycling give rise to fatigue of ribbons synapses and possibly other synapses of the VS circuit, leading to the loss of postural control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Gao
- Department of Otolaryngology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States
| | - Teresa Nicolson
- Department of Otolaryngology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States
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18
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Huang T, Fang L, He R, Weng H, Chen X, Ye Q, Qu D. Fbxo7 and Pink1 play a reciprocal role in regulating their protein levels. Aging (Albany NY) 2020; 13:77-88. [PMID: 33291077 PMCID: PMC7835017 DOI: 10.18632/aging.202236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2020] [Accepted: 10/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Pink1, Parkin and Fbxo7, three autosomal recessive familial genes of Parkinson’s disease (PD), have been implicated in mitophagy pathways for quality control and clearance of damaged mitochondria, but the interplay of these three genes still remains unclear. Here we present that Fbxo7 and Pink1 play a reciprocal role in the regulation of their protein levels. Regardless of the genotypes of Fbxo7, the wild type and the PD familial mutants of Fbxo7 stabilize the processed form of Pink1, supporting the prior study that none of the PD familial mutations in Fbxo7 have an effect on the interaction with Pink1. On the other hand, the interaction of Fbxo7 with Bag2 further facilitates its capability to stabilize Pink1. Intriguingly, the stabilization of Fbxo7 by Pink1 is specifically observed in substantial nigra pars compacta but striatum and cerebral cortex. Taken together, our findings support the notion that Fbxo7 as a scaffold protein has a chaperon activity in the stabilization of proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianwen Huang
- Department of Neurology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, China
| | - Lijun Fang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, China
| | - Raoli He
- Department of Neurology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, China
| | - Huidan Weng
- Department of Neurology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, China
| | - Xiaochun Chen
- Department of Neurology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, China
| | - Qinyong Ye
- Department of Neurology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, China
| | - Dianbo Qu
- Department of Neurology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, China.,Hotchkiss Brain Institute, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Calgary, Calgary T2N 4N1, Alberta, Canada
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19
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Lin TK, Lin KJ, Lin KL, Liou CW, Chen SD, Chuang YC, Wang PW, Chuang JH, Wang TJ. When Friendship Turns Sour: Effective Communication Between Mitochondria and Intracellular Organelles in Parkinson's Disease. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:607392. [PMID: 33330511 PMCID: PMC7733999 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.607392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2020] [Accepted: 10/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a complex neurodegenerative disease with pathological hallmarks including progressive neuronal loss from the substantia nigra pars compacta and α-synuclein intraneuronal inclusions, known as Lewy bodies. Although the etiology of PD remains elusive, mitochondrial damage has been established to take center stage in the pathogenesis of PD. Mitochondria are critical to cellular energy production, metabolism, homeostasis, and stress responses; the association with PD emphasizes the importance of maintenance of mitochondrial network integrity. To accomplish the pleiotropic functions, mitochondria are dynamic not only within their own network but also in orchestrated coordination with other organelles in the cellular community. Through physical contact sites, signal transduction, and vesicle transport, mitochondria and intracellular organelles achieve the goals of calcium homeostasis, redox homeostasis, protein homeostasis, autophagy, and apoptosis. Herein, we review the finely tuned interactions between mitochondria and surrounding intracellular organelles, with focus on the nucleus, endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus, peroxisomes, and lysosomes. Participants that may contribute to the pathogenic mechanisms of PD will be highlighted in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tsu-Kung Lin
- Center for Mitochondrial Research and Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Department of Neurology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Center of Parkinson's Disease, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Kai-Jung Lin
- Center for Mitochondrial Research and Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Kai-Lieh Lin
- Center for Mitochondrial Research and Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Department of Anesthesiology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Wei Liou
- Center for Mitochondrial Research and Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Department of Neurology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Center of Parkinson's Disease, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Shang-Der Chen
- Center for Mitochondrial Research and Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Department of Neurology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Center of Parkinson's Disease, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yao-Chung Chuang
- Center for Mitochondrial Research and Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Department of Neurology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Center of Parkinson's Disease, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Wen Wang
- Center for Mitochondrial Research and Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Department of Metabolism, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Jiin-Haur Chuang
- Center for Mitochondrial Research and Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Department of Pediatric Surgery, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Tzu-Jou Wang
- Center for Mitochondrial Research and Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Department of Pediatric, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
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20
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Trinh D, Israwi AR, Arathoon LR, Gleave JA, Nash JE. The multi-faceted role of mitochondria in the pathology of Parkinson's disease. J Neurochem 2020; 156:715-752. [PMID: 33616931 DOI: 10.1111/jnc.15154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2020] [Revised: 07/29/2020] [Accepted: 07/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondria are essential for neuronal function. They produce ATP to meet energy demands, regulate homeostasis of ion levels such as calcium and regulate reactive oxygen species that cause oxidative cellular stress. Mitochondria have also been shown to regulate protein synthesis within themselves, as well as within the nucleus, and also influence synaptic plasticity. These roles are especially important for neurons, which have higher energy demands and greater susceptibility to stress. Dysfunction of mitochondria has been associated with several neurodegenerative diseases, including Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease, Huntington's disease, Glaucoma and Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis. The focus of this review is on how and why mitochondrial function is linked to the pathology of Parkinson's disease (PD). Many of the PD-linked genetic mutations which have been identified result in dysfunctional mitochondria, through a wide-spread number of mechanisms. In this review, we describe how susceptible neurons are predisposed to be vulnerable to the toxic events that occur during the neurodegenerative process of PD, and how mitochondria are central to these pathways. We also discuss ways in which proteins linked with familial PD control mitochondrial function, both physiologically and pathologically, along with their implications in genome-wide association studies and risk assessment. Finally, we review potential strategies for disease modification through mitochondrial enhancement. Ultimately, agents capable of both improving and/or restoring mitochondrial function, either alone, or in conjunction with other disease-modifying agents may halt or slow the progression of neurodegeneration in Parkinson's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dennison Trinh
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Toronto Scarborough, Centre for Neurobiology of Stress, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Ahmad R Israwi
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Toronto Scarborough, Centre for Neurobiology of Stress, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Lindsay R Arathoon
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Toronto Scarborough, Centre for Neurobiology of Stress, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Jacqueline A Gleave
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Toronto Scarborough, Centre for Neurobiology of Stress, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Joanne E Nash
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Toronto Scarborough, Centre for Neurobiology of Stress, Toronto, ON, Canada
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21
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Mabrouk OS, Chen S, Edwards AL, Yang M, Hirst WD, Graham DL. Quantitative Measurements of LRRK2 in Human Cerebrospinal Fluid Demonstrates Increased Levels in G2019S Patients. Front Neurosci 2020; 14:526. [PMID: 32523511 PMCID: PMC7262382 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2020.00526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2020] [Accepted: 04/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Leucine-rich repeat kinase 2 (LRRK2) mutations are among the most significant genetic risk factors for developing late onset Parkinson’s disease (PD). To understand whether a therapeutic can modulate LRRK2 levels as a potential disease modifying strategy, it is important to have methods in place to measure the protein with high sensitivity and specificity. To date, LRRK2 measurements in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) have used extracellular vesicle enrichment via differential ultracentrifugation and western blot detection. Our goal was to develop a methodology which could be deployed in a clinical trial, therefore throughput, robustness and sensitivity were critical. To this end, we developed a Stable Isotope Standard Capture by Anti-peptide Antibody (SISCAPA) assay which is capable of detecting LRRK2 from 1 ml of human CSF. The assay uses a commercially available LRRK2 monoclonal antibody (N241A/34) and does not require extracellular vesicle enrichment steps. The assay includes stable isotope peptide addition which allows for absolute quantitation of LRRK2 protein. We determined that the assay performed adequately for CSF measurements and that blood contamination from traumatic lumbar puncture does not pose a serious analytical challenge. We then applied this technique to 106 CSF samples from the MJFF LRRK2 Cohort Consortium which includes healthy controls, sporadic PD patients and LRRK2 mutation carriers with and without PD. Of the 105 samples that had detectable LRRK2 signal, we found that the PD group with the G2019S LRRK2 mutation had significantly higher CSF LRRK2 levels compared to all other groups. We also found that CSF LRRK2 increased with the age of the participant. Taken together, this work represents a step forward in our ability to measure LRRK2 in a challenging matrix like CSF which has implications for current and future LRRK2 therapeutic clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omar S Mabrouk
- Clinical Sciences, Biomarkers, Biogen, Cambridge, MA, United States
| | - Siwei Chen
- Clinical Sciences, Biomarkers, Biogen, Cambridge, MA, United States
| | - Amanda L Edwards
- Clinical Sciences, Biomarkers, Biogen, Cambridge, MA, United States
| | - Minhua Yang
- Biostatistics, Biogen, Cambridge, MA, United States
| | - Warren D Hirst
- Neurodegeneration Research Unit, Biogen, Cambridge, MA, United States
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22
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Smolders S, Van Broeckhoven C. Genetic perspective on the synergistic connection between vesicular transport, lysosomal and mitochondrial pathways associated with Parkinson's disease pathogenesis. Acta Neuropathol Commun 2020; 8:63. [PMID: 32375870 PMCID: PMC7201634 DOI: 10.1186/s40478-020-00935-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2020] [Accepted: 04/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) and atypical parkinsonian syndromes (APS) are symptomatically characterized by parkinsonism, with the latter presenting additionally a distinctive range of atypical features. Although the majority of patients with PD and APS appear to be sporadic, genetic causes of several rare monogenic disease variants were identified. The knowledge acquired from these genetic factors indicated that defects in vesicular transport pathways, endo-lysosomal dysfunction, impaired autophagy-lysosomal protein and organelle degradation pathways, α-synuclein aggregation and mitochondrial dysfunction play key roles in PD pathogenesis. Moreover, membrane dynamics are increasingly recognized as a key player in the disease pathogenesis due lipid homeostasis alterations, associated with lysosomal dysfunction, caused by mutations in several PD and APS genes. The importance of lysosomal dysfunction and lipid homeostasis is strengthened by both genetic discoveries and clinical epidemiology of the association between parkinsonism and lysosomal storage disorders (LSDs), caused by the disruption of lysosomal biogenesis or function. A synergistic coordination between vesicular trafficking, lysosomal and mitochondria defects exist whereby mutations in PD and APS genes encoding proteins primarily involved one PD pathway are frequently associated with defects in other PD pathways as a secondary effect. Moreover, accumulating clinical and genetic observations suggest more complex inheritance patters of familial PD exist, including oligogenic and polygenic inheritance of genes in the same or interconnected PD pathways, further strengthening their synergistic connection.Here, we provide a comprehensive overview of PD and APS genes with functions in vesicular transport, lysosomal and mitochondrial pathways, and highlight functional and genetic evidence of the synergistic connection between these PD associated pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefanie Smolders
- Neurodegenerative Brain Diseases Group, VIB Center for Molecular Neurology, University of Antwerp - CDE, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610, Antwerpen, Belgium
- Biomedical Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerpen, Belgium
| | - Christine Van Broeckhoven
- Neurodegenerative Brain Diseases Group, VIB Center for Molecular Neurology, University of Antwerp - CDE, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610, Antwerpen, Belgium.
- Biomedical Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerpen, Belgium.
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